Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I THE jNEWBEkRY SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C. ■WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Accused Get High Court Protection; Top U. S. Officials’ Pay Inadequate; Reds Named in Costa Rica ‘Invasion’ U. S. TOP MEN: Need More Pay Congress would be asked to do something about it. The salaries ol top tJ. S. officials were too low. For example, cabinet officials should get $25,000 annually, instead of the pres ent $15,000. It was none other than Budget Di rector James E. Webb talking. He told a senate civil service sub-com mittee that "the n' ?d for men of ability in the government has never been more critical. Establishment of more adequate rates of pay for top government positions is an essential step.” WEBB HURRIED to explain that he was not speaking for President Truman when he urged that the President’s salary be raised. He said he*had not even discussed the subject with the President. Declaring that any salary paid the chief executive would be low, he added that “$150,000 a year would be far more acceptable than the present $75,000. Webb also suggested that the President be provided with a "real istic” expense account, and that the $25,000 salary of the vice president be brought more in line with that of th. President. The sub-committee was told: "No Job in the world is more grueling than the President's. No soldier fights harder for his country than does the commander-in-chief." SEAWAY: ‘Round and ’Round Washington newsmen might have been pardoned had they uttered an involuntary: "Here we go again." For President Truman, at a news conference, stated that he was go ing to press again for congressional approval of legislation to authorize the St. Lawrence seaway and pow er project. THE OFT-PROPOSED interna tional project has as yet failed to win congressional approval. The President reiterated his in tention to ask for an okay for the proposal after a reporter asked: Mr. President, 'are you’ again going to press for development of the St. Lawrence?” The President replied that he cer tainly was. He added that he had urged approval for the multi-mil lion dollar project in almost all of his state of the Union messages to congress. ON ONE of these occasions he termed the proposed project "one of the greatest engineering projects of all times." At his conference, the President said he did not favor New York’s plan to develop jointly with the province of Ontario the hydroelec tric part of the St. Lawrence proj ect. Over the Teacups (EDITOR'S NOTE: Whin opinions »re expressed in these eolumns, (her are those ol Western Newspaper Unfpn s neats analyst, and not necessarily of this newspaper./ HIGH COURT: Protects Accused The Supreme court split 5 to 4 on the issue, but the nation’s highest tribunal sustained what Justice Black said was “an established rule" in holding that, in the United States, every person accused of crime is considered innocent until proven guilty. The court ruled that the rights of persons accused of crime extend to the guilty as well as the innocent. DISSENTERS to the rule were Justices Jackson, Burton and Reed, and Chief Justice Vinson. The majority opinion held in ef fect that: Regardless of whether there is any “third degree,” a confession is invalid if it is obtained while a pris oner is being held illegally through failure to carry him promptly be fore a committing magistrate. a person accused of serious crime has unqualified right to counsel when he needs that help for ade quate defense. JUSTICE BLACK said the main finding in an earlier case which set the precedent was that prisoners must be taken promptly before a magistrate. He added that the "plain purpose” of this was to "check resort by officers to secret interrogation of persons accused of crime.” ^ As one o the dissenters, Justice Reed held that the court’s decision broadly extended the old rule. By his interpretation that rule was that psychological pressure, or, at least, something more than illegal deten tion, must be present to invalidate a confession. He summed up: “This decisio* puts another weapon into the hands of the criminal world.” Mme. Chiang Kai-shek, first lady of China, and Mrs. George C. Marshall, wife of the U. S. secretary of state, leave Blair house after having had tea with President and Mrs. Truman. No body would admit whether or not Mme. Chiang made her plea for more aid to China over the presi dential teacups. FIRE BELLS: Some Are Lucky With headlines screeching of death and injury in two major hotel fires, the nation's attention was turned again to the potential trag edies lurking in so many of its hostelries. FIVE LOST their lives, 11 were injured and 187 were forced to flee flames in Chicago’s old, 17-story Loop hotel, the Victoria. Two of the dead were Navy men on leave. Three victims were trapped in their rooms. One was found in the black ened fifth-floor hallway. Another died several hours after he was led from his blazing room. Just three days earlier, fire struck Chicago’s Hubbard hotel, but that time all guests escaped the $100,000 blaze which destroyed the structure. LUCKIEST GUEST: Mrs. Ann Wells. Twice within the three days she escaped death or injuries from the fires. A guest at the Victoria, she got safely out there, fled un scathed with the 150 guests who escaped the Hubbard hotel blaze. It was too early to determine cause of the fires, but it was safe to assume that investigations would get underway swiftly as probers sought to eliminate fire hazards. Ob servers wondered if there were a cycle in the making. ‘INVASION’: To the South Tiny Costa Rica, erupting in strife, held front page space in the nation’s press with charges that an “invasion” was being made from Nicarguan territory. Who, or what, was behind the Costa Rican mud dle? Communists again? That ac cusation was hurled. The Costa Rican government charged that dissident exiles, de feated in last spring’s civil war, ganged up with “Communists” and Nicaraguan national guardsmen to launch the invasion. THE COSTA RICAN incident was nothing to be ignored. The little country, smaller than South Caro lina, is literally in Uncle Sam’s own backyard and the issues in volved were serious enough to met- it first-class concern. The problem seemed squarely up to the western hemisphere repub lics—for, under the Rio Pact pro viding for American help to repel an armed invasion, the foreign min isters of the 21 republics would have to determine whether there really has been an invasion, who is to blame, and what to do about it. Their findings could result in the dispatch of American and other troops to the aid of the Costa Rican government. THERE WERE FEW. however, who felt this would happen. The situation was too muddled to justi fy any definite forecasts, but some facts were clear. For instance, the claimed in vasion was incredibly small. Costa Rica, herself, placed the number of invaders at 200 or 300 men. If Communists were involved it was unlikely that Anastasio Somoza, strong-man dictator of Nicaragua, and an enemy of the Communists, had anything to do with it. Instead, the row looks more like a post election quarrel carried on/ in the time-honored Latin American way —the “outs” resorting to bullets and bayonets in efforts to oust the “ins.” But, 'if the invaders were really aided by Nicaragua, then the matter quite jk-operly was a situation for hemispheric concern. Maybe New, Maybe Old Astronomers Report Discovery of Planet Perhaps it was new, maybe it was old, but “1948 — AA” had flashed into the ken of astronomers as a “minor” planet. Showing little originality, the telescope- peepers dubbed it with the numeral ol the year in which it appeared. It was traveling a route, they said, which brings it within 140 million miles of earth. Further 1 study will be required to determine whether the object is a new, or just an old-timer planet making a new appearance. Its next close approach will be in July, 1949. There are about 1,500 known minor planets believed to be rem nants of larger celestial bodies which shattered. NEW STARTER? I For Jets The navy has announced the first successful self-starter for jet and turboprop aircraft engines. At present these engines are start ed with cumbersome storage bat teries or other heavy Auxiliary units outside the plane. THE RADICALLY NEW self starter, which can Jbe used on both fighters and bombers, weighs only 88 pounds and can be carried in the planes. This, the navy said, will enable jet or turboprop aircraft to use out-of-the-way bases which are not equipped to start their engines. The turbine engine powering the starter also can be used for air conditioning, cabin pressurization, heating and de-icing, and to operate other power-consuming devices. The power source of the new start er is a gas turbine engine identical in principle with the engine it serves. It uses fuel from the plane’s regular tanks. IN ANNOUNCING the new start er, the navy hinted at much larger jet engines. It said the new starter is more powerful than is needed for engines now in service, and will not be installed on aircraft types al ready announced or in use. There are two versions of the small, multiple-use gas turbine. Both were deveKoped under navy contract by the Air-Research Manu facturing Company, of Los Angeles. They took 3% years and two mil lion dollars to perfect. The navy said use of the engines is not confined to aircraft. They may be adapted for ground aux iliary work on power units and in industrial applications. EDUCATION: By Congress? A national scholarship program for college and university students will be proposed to the 81st con gress, according to an announce ment by the National Education Association. DR. RALPH MCDONALD, execu tive secretary of the NEA’s depart ment on higher education, said the program will have bipartisan sup port. Department officials have esti mated the program would require a minimum appropriation of over 100 million dollars for the first year. They said this would open the doors of many colleges to approximately 250,000 able students. The scholar ships would be awarded on the basis of ability. Only the highest one- fourth or one-third of high school graduates would be eligible. As a basis for the legislation, McDonald said, the department will urge these provisions in the bill: NO FEDERAL CONTROL of ei ther the institution or the student. A stipend of at least $400 or $500 annually. Freedom of the student to select his own school and course of study. Safeguards against any discrim ination in scholarship awards be cause of race, creed, sex, or other “social circumstance.” McDonald indicated it was not planned to have the bill take preced ence over any measure to give fed eral aid to the states for elemen tary or secondary education. Sign of the Times ff . VtVU Vear) x L Rep. Karl E. Mundt (R., S. D.) acting chairman of the house un- American activities committee, looked like he was trying to put the hex on suspected Communists in the U. S. when he announced that the committee would sub poena 12 important witnesses for questioning in the Red spy in quiry. NOT CLOTHES l But Birthplace As the army sees it, it isn’t clothes that make the man—it’s where he’s bom. MAKING PUBLIC a study on the subject, the army declared that a man’s geographical background has a lot to do with his muscles. Experts from Harvard univer sity’s department of anthropology compiled the findings for the army. New Englanders tended to be strong, while the weakest of the males were from the South Atlantic states. The Middle Atlantic states, like New England, abound in “well muscled types.” SOLDIERS FROM the Pacific states were generally found to be well-balanced in fat and muscle. Those from the mountain states are often medium fat but muscular, or very fat. /■ Men from the west north central states lean to average build. Their neighbors slightly to the east, how ever, included a number of hefty and muscular specimens of mascu line humanity. In the south central area, men from the western section appeared to be better muscled than their neighbors to the east. a xCHew '/r—'V' v —^ TA^ELCOME to you, New Year, enter newborn king— Can you tell us something of the tidings that you bring? 1 Do ycu carry happiness', Enough to last the year ^ y Do you sing a song of joy f . To cast out doubt and fear?_^Y^%j^ Perhaps a balm for heaptaches You bring along with you; / . t Perhaps a key to friendships Td, buoy us all year through. We bid you welcome, New Year—our dreams we trust with you. Forgetting ills of all the past, we start the book anew. New Year’s Eve Is ‘Watch Night’ In addition to secular celebra tions, many religious denominations hold special services on New Year’s Eve from 9 or 10 until 12 midnight. The Methodist Episcopal church was the earliest to adopt this cus tom and they are called “watch- night services.” In 1947, 3t. George’s Methodist church in Philadelphia held its 178th watch night service. The church was founded in 1769 and in 1770 held what has been called the first Protestant church services in America. Many other churches are i holding such watch night service? ! today. • WOMAN S WORLD Decoration of Bedrooms Easy With Professional Trimmings (J3ij Clrlla Strange New Year Beliefs Still Exist Over England and Scotland, In the villages of the plains and high lands, antfient New Year supersti tions still exist. It is considered unlucky to wear old clothes on the New Year; bad luck falls on a house if anyone goes out before someone has entered. If the first comer—“first foot,” the natives call it—be a man, good luck will bless the house; if a woman or a fair-haired man, the luck is evil. So widespread is this belief that in many villages the dark-haired men of the community make it a regu lar business to go from house to house to “take the New Year in.” In Herefordshire, at midnight, the girls rush to the spring. The one who gets the first dipnk, or the “cream of the well,” is sure of a handsome husband. Unlucky, too, is the good woman who gives away a light on New Year’s day. Where a brand goes out, the evil fays come in. The most tender-hearted woman will see her neighbors shiver in a fireless house rather than give away a light on the New Year. The far - famed Philadelphia Mummers* parade unfolds along a five-mile stretch of Broad street each January 1. v_ At midnight on New Year’s Eve, custom demands that gen tlemen kiss the nearest lady. Here’s a fine example of army- navy cooperation. Pins Once Prized As New Year Gift Bishop Hall's “Satires,” pub lished in 1598, tell how every tenant at the dawn of the New Year pre sented hjs lord with a fat capon; and Ben Jonson, in his “Christmas Masque” introduces among his cast of characters “New Year’s gift in a blue coat, serving man like, with an orange and a sprig of rosemary on his head.” Oranges and nutmeg, gilded and decorated apples, were frequent gifts exchanged among the poorer people. Ladies of fashion delighted in pins, invented during the Six teenth century to take the place of clumsy wooden skewers. Here we have the origin of our own “pin money”—a gift of money given in place of pins. Saint Sylvester’s Feast Day Marks End of Year The feast of St. Sylvester, who was Pope from 314 A. D. until his death in 335, is observed by the Roman and Anglican churches on December 31. In Germany and Belgium the morning of St. Sylvester’s Day is commemorated religiously, while the afternoon and evening are de voted to various kinds of horseplay in anticipation of the coming New Year. Facts and Fancies Of New Year’s Day New Year’s with its open houses, parties, exchanging of New Year’s cards, horn tooting, Auld Lang Syne and New Year’s resolutions, is one of: the oldest celebrations. As a holiday it has been observed since ancient times, and has been marked throughout history by the giving of gifts and the exchange of greetings and good wishes. Mummers’Parade < Each New Year The Mummers’ parade on New Year’s Eve is to Philadelphia what the Mardi Gras is to New Orleans. The earliest settlers in the vicin ity of present-day Philadelphia were English and Swedes. The English cherished the traditional Mummer play “St. George and the Dragon,” while the Swedes were fond- of mas querading informally on New Year’s Eve. The two customs had merged long before the Revolution and it was customary—even among the Quakers—to extend hospitality to the masqueraders or give them a dole for refreshments. After the Revolution, George Washington replaced St. George as the central figure of the festivities which continued along the path of spontaneity until 1886 when the pa rade was sponsored by the Silver Crown New Year’s association. The municipal administration offi cially recognized the parade in 1901, and representative citizenry began turning out to watch and partici pate in the festivities. UXX7HAT can I do to make my VV bedroom and dressing table look as 1 though I’d had a decorator lo it?” This is a query often asked eecause women desire to have their rooms took like a decorator’s pleas ant dreSm. With the coordinated fabrics and other aids at their disposal, women don’t have to have a bedroom Or dressing room like the proverbial j catch-all for all unwanted furniture and knick-knacks. Properly treated, any room can be the homemaker’s dream. The main bedroom in the home is used by the parents so that it should not be too fluffy or feminine or Dad will feel out of place. Nei ther does the room have to be too tailored so the lady of the house feels uncomfortable in it. The idea is to strike a happy medium, not by combining the two extremes, but by selecting plain furnishings, liv ened by decorative trimming, or by using plain and floral fabrics to best advantage. Whatever you decide to do, make up your mind in advance that drapes or curtains will not be skimpy; and that you will do the whole room completely instead of rent .rating just part of it. The first step is to remove or alter any terrible examples of furniture. Mirrors with too much gingerbread, bed headboards and other pieces of e v Four-Piece Bookcase For Your Living Room Public Reception At White House It has been the custom from the beginning of the Republic for the President of the United States to welcome the New Year by holding a reception open to the general pub lic. On the first New Year’s Day after his inauguration, President Wash ington opened his home to receive the people. Throughout the seven years which Washington lived in Philadelphia, then the capital of the nation, he continued this custom. New Year Kisses Began In Scotland The custom of interchanging pure ly platonic New Year kisses started in Scotland. In the memoirs of Lord Langdale by Sir T. D. Hardy, it is recounted how just at 12 o’clock, wherever you may happen t6 be, you proceed to kiss the nearest girl by way of a New Year greeting. In Scotland, no work was done on New Year’s as late as 1904. No porters or crabs were at the Waver- ly station in Edinburgh, and a vis iting noble lord had to wend his way to his hotel in a milk cart. January Named For Ancient God The name January is derived from the two-faced god, Janus. He was originally the god of light and day. However, he gradually be came the god of the beginning of things. The beginning of the year was sacred to Janus and a festival in his honor called Angonia was cele brated. At the beginning of any im porters or cabs were at the Waver- vice was sought. Janus was worshiped as the guardian of trade and shipping and he was the inventor of agriculture. New Year’s Started 50 Centuries Ago New Year’s has been observed as • holiday, either civil or religious, for the last 5,000 years. Nearly everywhere and at ail periods it has been a day of rejoicing and of gift giving; and history tells us that in Babylon, 3,000 years before the Christian era. the day was sa cred to Marduk, the solar god, of whom it was believed that all other gods were but various manifesta tions. f Refresh your dressing table . . . furniture of poor design should be altered or replaced. Take a good look at the rug: does it jump out at you or does it fc"m the proper tone for the room? Select Furnishings In Home Style If your home is furnished in con ventional Eighteenth century style, you’ll hardly want the bedroom a mass of ruffles and floral chintz. A far more attractive way to do the bedroom would be in a quilted rayon that has both a note of lux ury as well as dignity. This may be purchased by the yard to use as you see fit for drapes, bed covering and dressing table; or, if you prefer, buy it already made in your respective sizes. If the home is modem or a combination of modern and conven tional plain fabrics with interest in texture are your best choice. These Add ruffle for picture frames. are best done in a tailcAed style, but if used in some of the cheerful modem colors they will not let the room look overly masculine. If your home is early American or Colonial, plan on using some of the plain cottons or pretty floral patterns as they’re most in keeping Be Smart! A novel touch to dramatize the much talked of backswept sil houette is the fish-tail coat. The slashing of the jackets of the suits serves two purposes: it ac cents the skirt fullness and at the same time makes for better line. In faille and taffeta for more formal wear, the fish-tail slash is often combined with a close fitting bodice. It is also a popu lar and pretty touch on the box jackets so dearly loved by the younger set. Pre-shirred ruffling can solve the problem of what to do with a small window. A mirror covered shelf underneath the window dou bles as a dressing table or a miniature powder room while the small window is framed with pre- shirred ruffle. Five-inch ruffle is used on the window and shade and white dots are paintqd on the shade to carry out the decorative effect. I F YOU want to add color and warmth to your living room, decorate with these modem sec tional bookcases. You can build and install them yourself at small cost. As decorative as they are convenient, these cabinets can be placed along one wall, around a corner as illustrated, or the cen ter sections can be placed along opposite walls. The full size pattern offered below simplifies building these cabinets In a minimum of time. No special tools or skill are required. All materials pattern specifies can be purchased at lumber yards everywhere at small cost com pared to the price one pays for ready made, unpainted sectional cabinets. Al most anyone can build these cabinets by following the simplified building proce dure outlined on the pattern. It not only lists materials to buy but also speciflea when and where each is used. For an economical solution to your bookcase and record cabinet problem build one or more of these units. Sena 50 cents for Bookcase Pattern No. 4J to" Ea-i-Bild Pattern Company. Dept. W, Pleasantville, N. Y. with the style of the rest of the home. When the bedroom is small. It’s best to concentrate on plain colors, as prints or floral fabrics will make the room look too crowded. Some bedrooms use drapes just as do living and dining rooms, while others look best with ruffied organ die or dotted Swiss curtains. If you have several windows and are us ing ruffled curtains, you might like a ruffling on the top fabric which is being used in the room, on the dressing table or on the bedspreads. Ready-Made Trims Will Save Time You can save precious time and energy by making use of pre- shirred ruffling of fine quality glazed chintz to add the decorator’s touch to your bedroom and dressing room. These come in plain, floral or dotted types and a wide range of colors. For the valance problem you will find the ten-inch width very use ful; it’s also grand for deep ruffles on bedspreads, dressing table skirts and the like. These trimmings are ready for use as purchased, with both the bottom and top edges already fin ished. The material is shirred with generous fullness onto a rod pocket of self material. This pocket is in a width that accommodates any standard curtain rod, or it may be attached directly to the surface with tacks. When buying the material you don’t have to double or triple the amount you need to take care of ruffling. You buy only the amount of pre-shirred material you need since it’s measured by the straight heading. You can carry out the decorative scheme in your room even further if you like. Paint or paper the shelves in the closet with the same material you have on your walls, and use the pre-shirred trimming as a flounce for the shelves. The narrow width is best for this. The five-inch width can also be used for framing windows, mirrors, ruffling for curtains, bedspreads, pillow tops, dressing table skirts and ever so many other ' pepper- upper arrangements. Shelf or Two Serve As Dressing Table You don’t necessarily have to have a dressing table with a bench to have a miniature powder room in your bedroom. There are other ways to. give yourself the conven ience of a place of your own where you can relax in front of a mirror to comb hair or put on make-up. If you have a window in the bed room, a shelf may be constructed underneath it to serve as a dressing table. In the absence of a window, you might place a shelf or two on the walls of the bedroom and use this. Still another idea which is prac tical is to use a screen as the basis of a miniature powder room. If you want to hide a door, place a screen in front of this, using the middle screen for a light-weight shelf and a mirror. An old piano bench can be pad ded and covered to give an attrac tive settee for the dressing table. Or, you may buy an inexpensive hassock for it. An old worn-out hassock can be attractively cov ered to give you a lovely seat. One wide shelf is enough for the table since you do not need to have it hold too many items. If you are using a narrow shelf, such as glass ones which may be purchased, it’s best to have two of them. Use attractive perfume bot tles and atomizers in crystal or colors to add a decorative note to the table. r^: Ml- NATURE’S REMEDY (NR) TAB- LETS—A purely vegetable laxative to relieve constipation without the usual griping, sickening, perturbing sensa tions, and does not cause a rash. Try NR—you will see the difference. Un coated or candy coated—their action is dependable, thorough, yet gentle as millions of NR’s have proved. Get a 25c box and use as directed. y/r WTO-NIGHT FUSSY STOMACH? REUEF FOR ACID INDIGESTION, GAS AM) HEARTBURN DOUBLE FILTERED FOR EXTRA QUALITY -PURITY EfflZ MOROLINE PETROLEUM J E l L > Bronchitis Creomulsion relieves promptly because it goes right to the seat of the trouble to help loosen and expel germ laden phlegm and aid nature to soothe and heal raw, tender, inflamed bronchial mucous membranes. Tell your druggist to sell you a bottle of Creomnlsioa with the understanding you must like the way it quickly allays the cough or you are to have your money back. CREOMULSION for Coughs,Chest Colds, Btonchifia That Na<?<?in<3 Backache May Warn of Disordered Kidney Action Modem life with Its hurry and i irregular habits, improper rating an drinking—its risk of exposure and inl«_ tion—throws heavy strain on the work of the kidneys. They are apt to become over-taxed and fail to filter excess add and other impurities from the life-giving blood. Yon may suffer nagging backache headache, dizziness, getting up nights, leg pains, swelling—fed constantly tired, nervous, all worn out. Other signs of kidney or bladder disorder are some times burning, scanty or too frequent urination. Try Doan*» Pill*. Doan*§ help the kidneys to pass off harmful excess body waste. They have had more than half ft century of public approval. Are recom mended by grateful users everywhere, Atlc your neighbor! DOANS PI LLS