Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Truman Proposes Moscow Mission, Rocks Foundation of U. S. Policy; Russ As1( Big Four Parley Renewal By Bill Schoentgea, WNU Staff Writer Bi-partlsan unity in the U. 8. was grievously wounded by the ■“itwedged Berlin crisis wheu, on the one hand. President Truman called a private conference with Under Secretary of State Robert Lovett and Secretary of State George Marshall to mull over the situation . . . . . . and, on the other hand, Gov. Thomas E. Dewey summoned his foreign affairs advisor, John Foster Dulles, from Parts to find out for himself what was going on in Europe. DIPLOMACY: Trip Canceled To President Truman, for engi neering the abortive deal to send Chief Justice Fred Vinson to Mos cow for personal talks with Krem lin leaders on the atomic bomb, went the credit for producing the most heroically proportioned diplo matic faux pas of the year. It happened very swiftly and very simply. Mg. Truman deciding sud denly to try his own hand at straightening out the tangled for eign mess, started making prepara tions to send Vinson to Russia. THEN the state department heard about it. Robert Lovett, under-sec retary of state, profoundly shocked, notified George Marshall who came winging frantically across the At lantic from Paris to stop the Presi dent from committing what he con sidered a blunder of immense gravity. The Vinson trip was called off, of course, and President Truman backed hastily away from the whole business after issuing an abashed note of explanation. BUT THE memories lingered on. Mr. Truman, in the minds of those who knew or thought they knew about the international situation, had gone completely beyond the pale with this momentary, head strong effort. His campaign opponent. Gov. Thomas Dewey, at first wavered be tween righteous anger at what he obviously considered a deliberate flouting of the established bi-parti san foreign policy and elation that the Democratic candidate had made such a grievous tactical error. And although the Dewey camp was astute enough to realize that its cause would benefit more if it magnanimously ignored the affair than if it leaped in for the slaughter, it nevertheless redounds to the New York governor’s credit that he did not take advantage of this interna tionally dangerous situation for his personal gain. Significance Why was President Truman so widely and thoroughly castigated for making what he undoubtedly looked upon as a sincere, construc tive attempt to clear up the Rus sians’ “misunderstanding” of the problem of atomic control? Because his intention of sending Chief Justice Vinson to Moscow rep resented a serious divergence from the basic characteristic of U. S. for eign policy—toughness with Russia. MR. TRUMAN'S proposal amount ed to a softening up of the labori ously built “get tough” attitude of the U. S. toward Moscow. It was tantamount to saying in a pleading voice, "Let’s get together once more and try to talk this thing out.” * Current history has proved that the kind of personal diplomacy the President sought to institute in the Vinson trip has been completely un availing in dealing with Russia since the war. Moreover, insofar as personal diplomacy always tends to bypass the United Nations, it usu ally has an ill effect on interna tional relations in generaL IN THE final analysis, a personal visit to the Kremlin by Vinson probably would have upset the en tire, carefully fabricated structure of the policy upon which the U. S. is depending to defeat Russia's aims in Europe. ANYTHING NEW—, What, No War? | Aaswers to the question “Does Russia want war?” are a drug on the market, in informed and unin formed circles alike, but now and then someone comes up with a reply that is a little more imagi native than most. ONE OF this kind has been fur nished by an experienced profes sional diplomat—necessarily anony mous lest his identity become know to the Russians—who is at tending the U. N. meetings in Paris. He said: “There will be no war soon. The reason is that Stalin, the head of the peace party, has just had Andrei Zhdanov, the head of the war party, murdered.” (Zhdanov, who died several weeks ago, was one of the ranking mem bers of the politburo where he was almost on a par with Molotov in power and influence. He had been talked of as a possible successor to Stalin. His demise was mourned with parades, pageantry and os tentation by Stalin, the boys in the Kremlin and the Russian people.) “HE (ZHDANOV) urged immedi ate war. He argued that if Russia was defeated militarily she would win politically, since the resulting horror and chaos would cause a new, irresistible wave of commu nism. “As long as Zhdanov was success ful, Stalin gave him his head. When he failed in Yugoslavia, Stalin told him to lay off. Zhdanov defiied the Soviet generalissimo. So Stalin got his head. “This means that Stalin’s waiting tactics have prevailed. There will be no war soon.” BIG FOUR: Come Again While the U. S. state department was exerting all its influence to pre vent a return to direct negotiations with Russia at this time, the Soviets were hammering away at the op posite course of action by demand ing that Big Four discussions of the Berlin issue be resumed. THE TWO viewpoints, starkly emphasized by the reception Mr. Truman’s futile mission-to-Moscow idea received in the U. S., revealed with extreme clarity the broad gap now separating the East and West. Russia’s demand wasn’t new. It was a repetition of Moscow’s now well-established tactics in East- West relations. What the Soviets wanted was simply that the Berlin question be removed from the agenda of the U. N. security council and that discussions among the Big Four be resumed where they Were severed last August in Moscow. Andrei Y. Vishinsky, deputy Soviet foreign minister, handed a note to that effect to Juan A. Bra- muglia of Argentina, acting presi dent of the security council, who separately informed the U. S., Brit- tish and French delegations. IT WAS all wasted effort as far as the western powers were con cerned. Neither the U. S., Britain nor France wanted to get within shouting distance of direct negotia tions with the Russians at this point. One western spokesman com mented simply, “The Russian reply is unhelpful.” The Soviets, again, I were making no concession to peace. CHURCHILL: Grim Accents At the British Conservative party's annual convention in Llan dudno, Wales, Winston Churchill, never a man to deal in flimsy op timism when the going was tough, talked in grim accents about the world’s peril. HE WAS the old pre-war, no appeasement Churchill as he warned against letting any French breach appear in the line of western re sistance to Soviet drives. To the United States he said, in effect: Keep those atomic bombs. Destruction of the U. S. atomic ar senal now would be tantamount to suicide. , "If it were not for the stocks of atomic bombs now in the trustee ship of the United States there would be no means of stopping the subjugation of western Europe by Communist machinations backed by Russian armies and enforced by political parties. “BOLSHEVIK Russia is already heavily armed and her forces in Europe far exceed those of all the western countries put together. At the present time the only sure foun dation of peace—and the prevention of actual war—rests upon strength. He urged the West to “bring mat ters to a head and make a final set tlement” before Russia produces a usable bomb. Such a settlement, according to the views of the wartime British prime minister, could be arrived at only after the Russans had re leased their grip on satellite states, released the German and Japanese prisoners they “now hold as slaves,” ceased to “oppress, tor ment and exploit” those parts of Austria and Germany they hold and called a halt to disruptive opera tions elsewhere in the world. BUT CHURCHILL would not be a party to issuing any “false hopes of a friendly settlement with Soviet Russia.” Actually, he said, the Ber lin blockade may precipitate a wai at any time. , ALIENS: On the Job The U. S. is hiring scores of aliens, many of them in countries behind the iron curtain, to staff its 27-mil- lion-dollar international information program. Leland J. Barrows, deputy direc tor of the state department’s office of information and education, told the senate appropriations commit tee that the department planned to add 278 aliens and 60 Americans to overseas duty by the end of the 1948 fiscal year. WHAT WILL they do? Barrows said that the aliens—14 of whom will be added to the American em bassy in Moscow—would be used primarily as translators, clerks, messengers and in other work as sociated with the U. S. foreign in formation program. Testimony before the committee showed that the state department gained the committee's reluctant approval of its foreign-hiring plan, despite the objections of Chairman Styles Bridges (R., N. H.) who con tended that it would provide a fer tile field for Communist infiltration into government functions. GEORGE V. ALLEN, t assistant secretary of state, countered that there were certain jobs that had to be performed overseas that could best be done by aliens. He said aliens could be employed much cheaper for certain tasks where they can be watched fairly easily, even though Americans may suspect their loyalty. This departure from the norm in the business of hiring federal em ployees was a new wrinkle in the government that very probably will be attracting considerable public attention within the next few months. Reverse Russian Constantine Boldyreff is a man who wants to take the classic Communist concept of the necessity of revolution and apply it to Russia itself. Claim ing to represent a world-wide Russian anti-Communist organ ization dedicated to the over throw of the Stalin regime, Boldyreff believes that the great mass of Russia’s 167 million people are ready for revolt. SUB RADAR: Sentry Duty A submarine with radar “eyes,” a new unit in the nation’s defense system, was scheduled to start op- perating in November to detect any hostile planes attempting a sneak approach across such remote reaches as the polar seas. The navy announced that the sub marine Tigrone, taken from the reserve fleet and converted into the first radar picket submarine, was to be commissioned November 1, JUST A FIRE HAZARD 'Sagging' White House Due for Repairs This probably will cost you a million dollars. The White House—America’s home for its presidents—will under go a series of reconstruction jobs next year that will bolster up the ■lightly sagging, 132-year-old execu tive mansion. And it is probable that the work may cost U. S. taxpayers as much as a million dollars. W. E. Reynolds, public buildings commissioner, said a structural survey is being conducted to de termine what repairs are needed. Large scale improvements of the rambling presidential residence will have to be undertaken, Reynolds pointed out, because the building as it now stands is such a fire haz ard “it would not pass the code of any single responsible city in America.” Manufacturers Protest Against Court Ruling WASHINGTON.—Loud hollers over the supreme court’s price rul ing are coming from steel users and building material dealers. Congressional mail is increasing ly filled with protests from small town manufacturers. They want to know, bitterly, if congress is going to let the superme court put them out of business. The supreme court -decided in the “cement case” that uniform prices could not be used to main tain a combine among cement pro ducers. And the steel industry, reading the ruling, shifted away from its traditional policy of main taining uniform prices among themselves. But it’s their customers, who had based their businesses on the previ ous uniform-price policies, who are hollering now. A Muskegon, Mich, building ma terials dealer puts a typical prob lem frankly. He buys cement from a concern at Detroit, 170 miles away. His competitor buys from a cement concern near Muskegon. A third dealer buys from a concern near Petoskey, which is not far away. Prices Were Uniform Always before the cement com panies had supplied the three deal ers at a uniform price. But now the dealer buying from Detroit has to pay 52 cents a barrel more; the dealer buying at Petoskey has to pay six cents more, and the dealer buying from the local source pays only one cent more. The Muskegon customer of the Detroit supplier says he’ll be out of business pretty soon, unless he can shift to the local supplier, who already can sell his entire prod uct and isn’t looking for new cus tomers. The building materials dealer can’t move. He's there to serve the local trade. That’s one type of protest which is coming in to congress by the hundreds. The other protest is from the steel fabricator who located his plant near his market, or where he fqund labor, or where he could utilize an existing plant. Because he could buy steel at a uniform price, his distance from the steel supplier didn’t matter then. An Emergency But now a spring-making com pany in Adrian, Mich., a seat-mak ing company in Ionia, a company making casters in Grand Rapids and dozens of enterprises like them face an emergency. How can they pay the cost of bringing in steel and still compete with that spring-making company at Pittsburgh that seat-building concern at Youngstown or the caster manufacturer at Gary? “Many Michigan plants, among which we may be included, will be compelled to move td some steel producing center where excess steel capacity is available in order to eliminate excess transportation costs,” one of these men wrote Senator Ferguson. Similar protests are coming to Senator Capehart from Indiana, Senator Brooks from Illinois, Sena tor Donnell from Missouri and others. These manufacturers, some of them, can move. And of course if they do there will be unemploy ment in the cities th*y leave and a scramble for labor in the cities they enter. It’s a serious problem. Chamber of Commerce Officer ^ Has Wide Variety in His Job CHADRON, NEB.—You do not have to be a jack-of-all-trades to be chamber of commerce secre tary, but it helps. Chester A. Allen, secretary of the Chadron chamber, submitted a report of his day-to-day activities. They included: Putting up flags and banners to welcome various groups to the city. Selling tickets to local events, including the Hereford breeders’ banquet and the Chadron rodeo. Welcoming youthful, campers to the state park. Making a house-to-house canvass to arrange rooms for college stu dents. Delivering toys at Christmas to 52 needy children. Auto for Disabled Vets Has All Good Features Except One SAN FRANCISCO.—An automo bile designed by Edward T. Adkins, former navy chief petty officer, for handicapped war veterans made a successful shakedown trip except for one thing. The airplane-type stick for ~teer- ing worked. The push button con trols were O. K. It ran by gasoline motor or electric power. Among the added features were an electric torch aqd drill, movie camera, radio, magazine rack, au tomatic ' fire-fighting equipment, and an ice cream making machine. But the Palo Alto man hit a snare when he tried to cross the San Francisco-Oakland Bay bridge. Police said he had to have li cense plates. “The one thing I forgot,” said Adkins. Plan to Bake Once a Week t (Set Recipes Below) Simplify Baking WHILE OUR MOTHERS and grandmothers had more to do than those of us who are homemakers, they somehow managed to find an afternoon a week in which to fill the house with fragrant and delicious odors from the oven with weekly baking. To me, this was one of the most delightful times in the whole week because then I, too, could get my hands into pie crust or sweet roll dough, It was great sport! But, naturally, this was not the only blessing that came from week ly baking. We usually had deli cious homemade bread as Veil as rolls or coffee cake for break fast. To save time, the dinner for that evening was usually a baked one, a fra grant meat loaf or taste-tempting casserole with a delicious baked pudding for dessert. Then, too, the cookie jar was filled for the jjest part of the week, and that meant cookies for the lunch boxes and more delicious tidbits when we came home from school! Are your families missing these treats? Then organize the house hold schedule at once so that you can bake once a week, and fill the larder with such delicious things as can only come from home baking. But how can you make all these things in one day? Here's how: mix cookie dough and store in refrig erator; make ice box dough for sweet rolls, and store this, too. Bread dough can be mixed in the morning; or, if you are making quick breads, these can be mixed in a few minutes right after »lunch. You can plan the baking for any day of the week. We usually do it Friday or Saturday afternoon, so there will be a cake or pie in the house for Sunday, and, of course, bread, rolls and cookies for the whole week. • • • * I IT MAY SOUND ambitious to at tempt all this in one day, but it really isn’t once you get into the swing of it. D6 all you can the' eve ning before, and keep on hand such things as piecrust and biscuit mix. Refrigerator cookies, too, take no time at all to bake, and they’re easily mixed ahead'of time. Refrigerator Rolls. (Makes 12-16) 1 cup milk 3 tablespoons shortening 3 tablespoons sugar 1 teaspoon salt 1 yeast cake 1 egg 2% to 3 cups flour Scald milk and in it dissolve short ening, sugar and salt. When mix ture is warm add yeast cake, crum bled, and the egg. Add flour gradu ally and mix thoroughly by beating. Let rise until doubled in bulk. Place a piece of Waxed paper over the bowl and hold securely with a rub ber band. Store in refrigerator until ready to use. This refrigerator dough may be used for cloverleaf rolls, cinnamon braid, fruit filled rings or pecan rolls. LYNN CHAMBERS’ MENU Beef-Vegetable Pie With Mashed Potato Topping Molded Pear S?lad ! Rolls Celery Sticks Carrot Curls ‘Banana Spice Cake Beverage ‘Recipe Given Whole Wheat Bread (Makes 3 loaves) 1 quart hot water 1 tablespoon shortening 1 tablespoon salt 2 tablespoons molasses 1 teaspoon caraway seeds, if desired 1 yeast cake 6 cups all-purpose flour 4 cups whole wheat flour Add shortening to hot water. When lukewarm, add all remaining ingredients. Stir for three minutes, or until thorough ly mixed, then set in a warm place to rise for two hours. Knead again until dough forms a ball, then let rise again, about one and one- half hours. Turn onto board; form into three loaves and place in greased bread pans. Let rise until doubled in bulk, about one hour. Bake in a hot oven (400 degrees) for 10 minutes, reduce heat to 300 de grees and bake for 45 minutes. Nut Wafers H cup lard % cup butter " 1 cup brown sugar 1 egg, beaten '1% cups flour % teaspoon salt H teaspoon soda H teaspoon vanilla H cup nuts, chopped Cream butter, lard and sugar; add eggs. Sift dry ingredients and add to first mixture. Fold in nut- meats and vanilla. Shape into roll, wrap in waxed paper and store in refrigerator until needed. Bake in a 400-degree oven for seven to 12 minutes. ‘Banana Spice Cake H cup shortening 1 cup sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla 2 eggs 2 cups sifted cake flour 2 teaspoons baking powder H teaspoon soda H teaspoon salt H teaspoon cinnamon % teaspoon nutmeg 1 cup mashed banana *4 cup milk Cream shortening until fluffy, add sugar a little at a time, creaming after each addition. Stir in vanilla extract; add eggs and beat well. Sift all dry ingredients and add to shortening mixture alternately with mashed banana and milk. Pour batter into a well greased, heat-re sistant square glass cake dish, eight-inch size. Bake in a moder ate (350-degree) oven for 45 to 50 minutes. Remove from oven and let cool before spreading with the fol lowing icing: 3 tablespoons shortening IVe cups confectioners’ sugar 2 tablespoons lemon juice teaspoon grated lemon rind Cream shortening; add confec tioners’ sugar and lemon juice, beat ing until fluffy. Add lemon rind, and coloring. Spread on cool cake. Released by WNU Features. LYNN SAYS: Interesting Tips Make Your Work Easier Coal oil or kerosene will remove stains and dirt from enameled bath room fixtures without scratching the surface or lessening the gloss of the surface. You can keep your silverware bright and tarnish-proof if you keep the pieces wrapped in a specially treated flannel cloth which is actu ally impregnated with particles of silver that absorb the tarnishing elements in the air. Leather pieces around the home like furniture, bookends, albums and waste baskets can be cleaned with a mild soap and luke-warm water shampoo. Soak pastry cloths in cold water beforfe washing. Brush away flour mixtures with a brush before wash ing in hot water or the matter will cake and stick. K?ep your pot holders Immacu late if you want to avoid sticky fingers by working in the kitchen. Wash and rinse the holders out as you do the towels, after a meal. Texas Gophers Cause Damage Of $5,000,000 DALLAS, TEX.—Cne of the great est undermining influences in Texas is a biscuit-bodied, Roman-nosed ro dent called the pocket gopher. This burrowing little fellow did at least five million dollars worth of crop damage in Texas in a re cent 12-moqth period, according to Donakl A. Spencer, government bi ologist, who has trapped thousands of gophers. Besides destroying crops, these underground mischief-makers dig holes in levees, undermine hard- surface roads and even cause train wrecks by tunneling beneath right- of-ways. Spencer, speaking at a Dallas forum on rodent poisoning, called the gopher the most hermit-like and foul-tempered of all western crea tures. A gopher stays strictly to himself all his life except for a few weeks when he is young and ex cept during the brief breeding sea sons. Individual Tunnels. Every adult gopher has his (indi vidual Underground system of tun nels. storehouses (Spencer calls them pantries) and sleeping dens. The female gopher is always alone in her den when the little ones ar rive. Usually, these tunnel sys tems are under a row crop, a lawn, a golf course or any place where there are succulent roots. The roots and other foodstuffs are gnawed into neat little strips and stored in the pantries for use when little is growing or there is a drouth. A gopher never drinks water. He gets enough moisture from the water content of the food he eats. Besides his powerful claws, the gopher has huge incisor teeth for digging. The mouth closes behind these incisors. The pocket gopher gets his name from cheek pouches on either side of his mouth. He uses these cheek pouches to carry food and to haul dirt out of the bur rows. • Many Different Types. Spencer said that ’fexas Agricul tural and Mechanical college inves tigators had found 18 types of pock et gophers in that state. A Dallas gopher is about the size of a house rat, only blunter of head, shorter of tail and much chunkier. A gopher fits in his tunnel like a piston in a cylinder, Spencer de clared. He can back up as fast as he can go forward. He’s not po lite, though, and when angry will attack any foe and fight to the death. Gophers won’t live together in captivity. A few minutes after being caged they usually have a death struggle. Spencer usually locates them by the mounds of fresh dirt which they throw out through a small hole while digging their tunnels. Then the biologist sticks a poisoned bait down the hole. After one gopher is killed, though, another seems to take over the tunnel system imme diately. About the only real service the pocket gopher performs is in im proving sub-soil by dragging organ ic matter underground. Heiress Who Spurned Riches Rests in a Pauper’s Grave LOS ANGELES.—F*or 15 years, Harry Tennant, a millionaire lum berman, searched in vain for his missing daughter. Once, three years ago, he almost found her. But she sank out of sight again and he gave up hope. A detective who never gave up his investigation told Tennant he knew where she was—buried in a pauper’s grave. Mrs. Janet Tennant McEvers, 36, heiress to five million dollars, died two years ago. Police said she had deserted- a life of ease for the com pany of a Skid Row character called “One-Eyed Willie.” He ' is now dead, too. Sgt. E. F. Holmes of the missing persons' bureau relentlessly tracked down the slim clews which led to solution of the mystery. Mrs. McEvers disappeared while a student at a music conservatory. She later was married and had a daughter. Her husband died in the war. Her child, now a college student, is sole heiress to the fortune. Traffic Signals Utilized For Large'Scale Cooking PHILADELPHIA. — Large-scale cooking now is being controlled by signalling systems similar to those being used on highways and rail roads. “The new signalling systems,” it was revealed by Lloyd E. Slater, food industry engineer for Brown Instrument company, "will control large-volume cooking time and temperature, known as cooking cy cles, in the processing of many dif ferent types of canned foods and dairy products. Field tests show that the system is providing higher quality foods, more uniform cook ing, retention of original food flavor and a decrease in food losses.” The system includes sound sig nals or stop-and-go lights which automatically announce to proc essors the completion of cooking periods, or cycles, ranging from a few minutes to three hours. Whyiyiils Best Known HOME REMiOY TO REUEYR fllAlnC COUGHING WIM9 DISTRESS Only Vicks VapoRub gives you this special Penetrating-Stimulating action when you nib it on throat, chest and back at bedtime:— It penetrates to upper bronchial tubes with special medicinal vapors. It stimulates chest and back surfaces like a warming poultice. 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