Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE NEWBERRY SUN. NEWBERRY, S. C. Released by Western Newspaper Union. A GREAT NATION MUST HAVE A NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AS A NATION Russia is big. It occupies one-sixth of all the land sur face of the world. It has recovered all the territory that was Russian under the czars, with the exception of a portion of Finland. That loss is more than compensated by a con siderable portion of East Prussia. In territorial extent Russia is ex ceeded only by the British Empire. Russia’s 180 million population equals that of the United States and England. It is some three limes the number of people in any one of the European nations. . Russia is big, but it is far from Peing a great nation. Greatness calls for more than territorial area, population and resources. It calls for a national soul, and that Russia has not yet acquired. Without that she is not a nation to be greatly feared. That the Russian people will fight valiantly for what is theirs has been demonstrated, but they fought in effectively. With all the Russian population and resources the Rus sian armies could not stop the Ger man armies until the German sup ply line became too long to be ade quately maintained. Russia alone against Germany would have been badly defeated. Despite her vast territory, her population and her natural re sources, Russia will continue to be big but not great. She can become great only when her people have acquired a national consciousness. It is doubtful if that can be accomplished un der a totalitarian government with a Marxian background. Russia is rapidly developing a elass distinction that belies Marxian socialism. At the same time the masses are acquiring literacy that will cause a revolt at class distinction. Russia has built up a vast governing and managing class with privileges, compensation and other marked Inequalities as distinguished from the poverty and serfdom of the masses. Such a condi tion does not build that national spirit, without which Russia will not become great. The present Russian government, Joseph Stalin, will bluff just as long as that is possible without too great danger of the bluff being called. It will force compromises and ap peasement if it can, but Joseph Stalin will not carry any threat to the point of war, now, or at any time while Marshal Stalin lives. Russia has not the equipment, phys ical or mental, to fight a war. She can, and must, be told what the terms are that she must accept. The bear will not like it, will growl loud and long, but will accept. There will be no war with Russia. My guess is that Russian totali tarianism, the rule of a dictator, will not long survive Stalin’s pass ing. A literate mass will not stand for persecution. In the meantime we cannot safely continue the late President Roosevelt’s appeasement policy. • • • CITY SALES TAX ADDS ONE MORE BURDEN THE INDIVIDUAL who finds his •xpenditures exceeding his income cuts out what he considers the least essential of his expenditures. When those who are spending the other fellow’s money find they are exceed ing what the other fellow is pro viding they seek methods of extract ing more from his bill fold. Most municipal governments want to spend more rather than attempt to find the least essential expendi tures. A popular new method of extracting from the taxpayer’s bill fold is a city sales tax, and the pop ular amount is one half cent on each dollar, or fraction of a dollar, purchase. That is not enough to kick about, but in a city whose mer chants do a 10 million dollar busi ness each year it means not loss than $50,000 more money for the city fathers to spend. That is not peanuts. • • • THE Reconstruction Finance cor poration, RFC, is the largest bank- ng institution in the world, and it is financed by the taxpayers of the United States. The government’s auditor general, who is supposed to audit the books of RFC, tells con gress the records of the corporation are so badly muddled as to be in comprehensible to his trained audi tors. Many billions of the taxpay ers’ money have been poured into the corporation. The result is what we can expect of the government in business managed by a bureau cracy. • • • ANYWAY, WE TAXPAYERS had one lucky break. The fed eral treasury used the billions of that last loan to pay off a bit of the governiftent debt before the boreaucrats and congress had a chance to spend it. • • • THE BACK SIDE of a hair brush, applied at the right spot, may help to keep a boy out of jail. • • • WOULD SOME GENIUS please Invent flowers and lawns that will grow without water. Returned Veterans Aid Outlook For Elderly U. S. Farm Couples Alabama Brothers Show Success in Postwar Venture Return of veterans from the armed forces is aiding the fi nancial outlook for many an el derly U. S. farm couple. Take the Bowdens in Coffee county, Ala., for example. Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Bowden are 69 and 63 years old, respectively, and, because of their age, were not able to make the most out of the farm they were operating when their sons were in service. "Upon their return from the armed forces, Lynn and Oren Bowden shouldered the job of making a liv ing for the family and increasing dividends from the farm. Their first objective was to buy the farm, thus raising themselves and their “old folks” out of the tenant farm er class. Since many elderly farmers and their wives also are looking to their sons to take over the home farm, the story of the Bowdens is related to show what can be accomplished. Actually the story has its begin ning in 1936 when, as the elder Bow den frankly admits, “we were down and out and had to struggle to make ends meet.” Unable to get credit from regular lenders for purchase of feed, seed, fertilizer, equipment and other farm needs, the Bowdens resorted to a govern ment agency, now the Farm Securi ty administration, to secure the necessary funds. Along with the funds came instruction in sound farming practices, which en abled the Bowden family to im prove the efficiency of their opera tions. A period of progress followed, but the advent of war disrupted all the family’s plans. Both Lynn and Oren were called into service, resulting in an acute lack of help on the farm. Lynn, 44, veteran of both world wars, entered the army in 1940 when the Alabama National Guard was called into service. Oren, 31, also was a member of the National Guard and entered service early the following year. A temporary re- SEEK EXPERT GUIDANCE—The Bowden brothers and their par ents have proved that they are good farmers, but they frankly admit they don’t know it all. Here James S. Pridgen, Coffee county, Ala., FSA supervisor, shows Lynn and Oren Bowden how to treat seed peanuts to prevent damp rot after they are in the ground. spite was gained when Oren was placed on inactive duty to help run the farm, but he later was called back into service. Upon their discharge early in 1943, both brothers returned to the family farm. Intent on purchasing the 360-acre farm, previously rent ed by the family, the brothers ar ranged the necessary financing with Farm Security administration, which permits 40 years at 3 per cent interest for repayment of farm purchase loans. A major factor in the family’s success was the diver sified farming plan which the agen cy helped the family to map out. Faced with a $4,800 debt, contract ed in purchasing the farm, the Bowdens embarked on an ambitious farm program designed to wipe out the debt in shortest possible time. Within a year they had paid off more than half the debt. Today, only three years later, the final pay ment has been made to the govern- PIGS BOOST INCOME ... Oren Bowden is shown here with brood sows and some of the young porkers which will be ready for market in the fall. Returns from cattle and pigs increase earnings on the Bowden farm, which is operated on a well-rounded diversified farming plan. Loans to Veterans for Farm Purchases And Operating Costs Reach High Peak Setting a new high in Farm Secur ity administration loans to veterans, 5,400 ex-servicemen were financed in purchase of farm operating equipment or family farms within a two-month period, according to figures released by department of agriculture. The loans, made during March and April, constitute nearly a third of the total number the agency has approved for veterans during the last two years, FSA Admin istrator Dillar B. Lasseter an nounced. Declaring that the agency expects the record lending to continue, Las seter reports that more than 20,000 veteran applications now are being processed in county offices. More than 16,000 veterans already have received FSA assistance. Ap proximately 1,000 of them obtained farm purchase loans under terms of the Bankhead-Jones farm tenant act from an earmarked fund set up by congress. The rest have loans to buy machinery and live stock or for other operating needs. Soaring re^l estate prices and lack of productive farms for sale have handicapped veterans in their quest for farms, Lasseter says. Guidance Plan Aids Farmers Getting Loans Individual guidance in good farm and home management practices is provided by Farm Security admin istration with all loans, the depart ment of agriculture emphasizes. Each loan, the department re ports, is based on a sound plan for farm and home management that is worked out by the borrower and his family. The plan shows items the farmer intends to raise, his esti mated operating expenses and in come he may expect to make. A FSA supervisor, schooled in ef ficient farm methods, helps each family make and carry out the plan. He will supply information on how to select and care for livestock, plan crop rotations and put other good farm methods into practice. In most rural counties a home super visor, trained in home economics, also is available to assist the family. Main objects of the guidance plan; according to FSA, are to help the farmer “get the most income from his work, obtain a good living for his family and repay his loan.” ment agency and the Bowdens are full owners of their land. With 160 acres of the farm under cultivation, the Bowdens produce peanuts as the main cash crop. Carrying out their plan of diversified farming, they also have cotton, hogs and 12 head of beef cattle, principally of the Black An gus type. To develop their herd, they recently purchased a purebred Angus bull. In 1944, the Bowdens marketed 20 tons of peanuts, $600 worth of hogs, and $60 worth of cattle. They had 15 other hogs left over for market ing by the end of that year as well as 12 stock hogs and 2 milk cows. Sale of chickens and eggs also add ed to farm returns. Marketings the following year in cluded 20 tons of peanuts, 4 bales of cotton and about $588 worth of hogs. After these sales, they, had 24 Duroc shoats, 4 brood sows and 30 pigs on hand as well as their beef cattle. The “old folks” are helping the veterans progress in their farming venture. The elder Bowden raises garden produce, selling $112 worth of cabbage from a few rows in his garden last year. Intent on increas ing the returns, he has planted six 80-foot rows of cabbage this year. Mrs Bowden also is active in work around the house and garden. Size of the family also has been increased. After the last farm pay ment was made, Oren was married and brought his wife to the family farm home. Today the Bowdens are considered successful Alabama farmers. Each member of the family does his prop er share of work and all reap the benefits of good living on a well- operated farm. Furthermore, the elder Mr. and Mrs. Bowden can take more time to enjoy the peace and security of farm life now that their boys, like so many others, are home again from the war. CARES FOR CABBAGE . . . Most of the gardening on the Bowden farm is done by J. W. Bowden, 69, father of the Bow den brothers. Here he is working among his cabbages, which net ted $140 in 1945. \ New Jersey Farmer Termed Hardest Working Man in State On the basis of the working day’s length, the title of hardest work ing man in New Jersey can be con ferred on the average farmer in the Garden state, declares the state de partment of agriculture. I^igures cited by the department show that as of June 1 New Jer sey farm operators were working an average of 12 hours daily, which adds up to a 72-hour week, ex cluding time devoted to Sunday chores. During harvesting opera tions, particularly in July and Au gust, longer working days are in store for farmers. A farmer’s week adds up to a 72- hour period contrasted to a factory employee’s regular work week of 40 hours. Then, too, according to the department, whenever a day’s work is lost on a farm the output of 12 hours is involved whereas only an eight-hoar day is lost when a city plant shuts down. No report of the number of hours per day worked by farmers can estimate the time spent on Sun days and holidays when, as on any other day, chores such as feeding livestock, milking and other jobs must be done on a farm regardless of the day of the week. A year ago, when the war still waged, New Jersey farmers spent 12.2 hours a day at work. EDITOR’S NOTE: This newspaper, through special arrangement with the Washington Bureau of Western News paper Union at 1616 Eye Street, N. (F., ITashington, D. C., is able to bring read ers this weekly column on problems of the veteran and serviceman and his fam ily. Questions may he addressed to the above Bureau and they will be answered in a subsequent column. No replies can be made direct by mail, but only in the column which will appear in this news paper regularly. Need of Medical Personnel More than 500 doctors and 300 den tists with 2,500 nurses have been added to the staffs of Veterans’ hos pitals during the past few months under a recruitment program which takes doctors and nurses from un der civil service regulations and of fers them more attractive employ ment opportunities. This makes a total of 3,112 doc tors, 545 dentists and 7,623 nurses now on duty under the Veterans’ ad ministration medical program in the department of medicine and sur gery as set up by Dr. Paul R. Haw ley, chief medical director. The immediate need for dentists in VA hospitals has been met by the recruitment program but there is still need for physicians and nurses especially in neuropsychiatric and tuberculosis hospitals in the south, midwest and far west. Questions and Answers Q. I am a veteran of World War I. Would it be possible for me to get a cash surrender on my service insurance policy? — A. R. D., Pasa dena, Calif. A. The Veterans’ administration says that upon proper execution and filing of cash surrender value of U. S. government life insurance and the return of the policy certificate to the Veterans’ administration you will receive whatever cash surren der value may be payable. Q. How much can one of those Veterans’ administration appraisers charge a veteran for appraising a he use the veteran wants to pur chase with his G.I. loan?—-J. H. A., Seattle. • A. There is no set amount. In some instances the banks do not make this charge, but appraisers appointed by the Veterans’ admin istration may charge whatever fee is customary in your area. The average fee is something like $15. Q. While I was in the navy I pur chased bonds through deductions from my pay, but to this day I have never received the bonds. Can I do anything about it?—E. C., Yonk ers, N. Y. A. Write to War Bond office, Cen tral Field Fiscal office, 4300 Good- fellow blvd., St. Louis, Mo. Be sure and give your full name, serial num ber and the pay periods for which the bonds are due. Also give your correct home address. Q. It seems to me veterans’ dis ability pensions are too low. How do they compare in this country with other countries?—Mrs. S. R., Denver, Colo. A. The United States pays higher pensions to disabled veterans than any other country. In England, Australia, Canada and New Zealand pension payments vary according to the number, of dependents and tha rank of the disabled veteran. Q. I am drawing the readjustment allowance for self-employed veter ans. U I don’t draw the full $100 each month for the 1014 months is the balance available to me after the period is up?—Jackson, Miss. A. No. No matter how small an amount you draw each month, that is considered a full month’s pay ment. Q. My son has a bad-conduct discharge. He is a veteran of World War II. Is he entitled to any benefits under the G.I. bill?—Mrs. J. H., Hartford City, Ind. A. He may be, but since he hqlds neither an honorable nor a dishon orable discharge, it would be neces sary for him to contact his nearest Veterans’ administration office for a decision as to whether he was dis charged under conditions other than honorable. He has a right also to apply to his service for a revision of his discharge. Q. I was retired from the service with retirement pay for a service- connected disability. I get $125 a month. Am I eligible for any pay ment from the Veterans’ adminis tration for on-the-job training? Will I lose my retirement pay if I sign up for such training?—A. R. S., Oakland, Calif. A. No, I don’t think so. You can take on-the-job training and draw the regular subsistence allowance, plus what the company for which you are working will pay you, plus your retirement pay. Suggest, how ever, you check with your regional Veterans’ administration office. Q. Can a member of the armed services retire on a medical pen sion after serving 20 years in the army and still get retirement pay? —Mrs. K. L., Anadarko, Okla. A. The army says no. But the soldier might be able to draw a service-connected disability pen sion from the Veterans’ administra tion. Q. I have an honorable discharge from the WAVES. Am I entitled to my old job?—L. S., Sikeston, Mo. A. Yes, provided you are quali fied and make application for re instatement. SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS redd 8053 &-I4 yr*. A GAY little two piece frock for the miss of six to fourteen. She’ll adore it for special dress-up occasions—the brief flared peplum is edged in dainty scallops and there’s a narrow contrasting belt to tie iry a bow. Use a pretty flowered fabric and trim with un usual buttons. f?or 'l/joancf Pattern No. 8053 Is designed for sizes 6. 8. 10. 12 and 14 years. Size 8 requires 3 yarda of 35 or 39-inch. New — Exciting — Different — the snm- mer issue of FASHION. Send twenty-ffTO cents for your copy of this 53-pate book of ideas and patterns for all home sewers . . . suggestions by nationally known fashion editors . . . special patterns by top-flight American designers . . . contest designs by America’s talented juniors . . . free shouW der pad pattern printed in book. Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT. 530 South Wells St. Chicago 7, 111. Enclose 25 cents in coins for each pattern desired. Pattern No—, .. Size Name — — Address- Instrument Pulls Rip Cord To Safeguard Parachutist An aviator who jumps from a plane at an altitude of 25,000 feet or higher usually delays opening his parachute for about the first 10,000 feet in order to fall as quick ly as possible through this rare fied atmosphere, says Collier’s. At the same time, he runs the risk of becoming unconscious through cold, fear or oxygen lack before pulling his rip cord. To safeguard him against this danger, an instrumert has been developed, operated by baromet ric pressure, that automatically pulls the rip cord at any preset altitude between 2,000 and 20,000 feet above sea level. FOR QUICK RELIEF FROM SPRAINS AND STRAINS MUSCULAR ACHES AND PAINS • SPRAINS • STRAINS W/utt you tfCCD id. SLOAN’S LINIMENT Its no fun to have MALARIA! Wl IITC RSMTlfS Tonic /<n. 7^ How to Outbluff a> VICIOUS DOG at night! ...m recommended by U. \ Comdr. Willy Necker, Wheel ing, III.—noted dog trainer and judge at dog shows...and wartime head of U.S. Coast Guard War Dog Training. | The fact that 999 dogi ■ out of a thousand art friendly, safe,and lovable doesn’t alter the fact that occasionally—through mis treatment, neglect ot disease —a dog may turn vicious. O Such animals are dan- “ gerous. Especially at night! If cornered outdoors, at night, turn on your "Eve- ready” flashlight! Shine it directly at the dog’s eyes, to blind and perhaps be wilder him. He may leap at the light, however; so don’t hold it in front of you. Hold it at arm’s length to the side. Most important... 3 Keep stiff. It’s instmoi five with most animals to attack anything that runs away or moves aggressively. If the dog refrains from at tacking for a few seconds, you have probably won — but, if not, protect your throat. Use flashlight as club. Shout! If bitten, see a doctor as soon as possible. a»»5® 4 For bright light, white light, effective light — insist on "Eve- ready” batteries. Your dealer now has them. Ask for them by name. For "Eveready” batteries have no equals— that’s why they're the largest-selling flashlight batteries in the world. Yet their extra light, extra life, cost you nothing extra! EXTlftl] EXTRA POWER, EXTRA LIFE -AT NO EXTRA COST NATIONAL CARBON COMPANY, INC. 30 East 42nd Street, New York 17,N. Y. Unit of Union Carbide und Carbon Corporation E33 Tt» registered trade-mirk "Evereadj” distinguishes products of National Carbon Company, Inr. EVEREADY -M-., 'J IRAUf MAP* .