Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY, S. C. Released by Western Newspaper Union. FIVE-CENT ‘TAX’ ON COAL INTRODUCES NEW PRINCIPLE WHEN SECRETARY of the In terior Krug signed, for the govern ment, a new contract with the Miners’ union, he started a new form of tax levy on the American people That agreement to pay the Miners’ union 5 cents on each ton of coal mined, both hard and soft, will be paid, in the end, by the Amer ican people, not by the coal opera tors. It is a new tax. Just as much a tax as is the amount paid to the government on each package of cigarettes purchased. It is but the opening wedge for a similar tax on production and services of all kinds. It puts organized labor on the same basis as a tax levyier and collector as is federal, state, coun ty or municipal governments. It is an additional price on coal, just as the internal revenue tax on ciga rettes adds to the price of cigarettes and it will prove but the forerunner of similar taxes on food, clothing, housing and everything we pur chase. John Lewis had demanded for his miner’s union a tax of 10 cents on each ton of coal mined, Qr a tax of 7 per cent on the coal operators pay rolls. The operators had refused to con sider a tax of any amount on either the coal mined, or on pay rolls. They rightfully insisted such a tax would be detrimental to public interest, and not with in the province of the miners to demand or the operators to give. When the mines were seized by the government Sec retary Krug compromised at 5 cents a ton. In doing so he sacrificed a principle, and the interests of the American ;o- ple. It marks another chapter in gov ernment interference in the rela tions between labor and manage ment. It is a chapter of far-reach ing consequences. In that decision political rather than public interest was given first consideration. It is the principle of the thing that counts, not the 35 to 40 million dollars the miners will collect each year from this new tax on the peo ple. It is but the foot in the door to bring an application of the same kind of a tax on all production. We, the consumers, will soon be pay ing a multiplicity of this same kind of taxes. Government has created a devouring dragon that win con sume us if it is allowed to live. Under the Constitution it is the duty of congress only to levy fed eral taxes. This new levy, instigat ed through Secretary Krug’s agree ment with John Lewis, is, to all intents, a violation of the Constitu tion. The way to reach it through the courts is long and devious. Con gress should, when it reconvenes, make short work of any such tax by passing legislation that would pro hibit all such efforts at establishing new and multitudious tax levying and tax collecting bodies. • • • AMERICAN PEOPLE PAYING SEAMEN’S WAGE BOOSTS A LARGE PROPORTION of the merchant vessels sailing under the American flag are owned by the government, and leased to private operators. All vessels privately owned or leased must comply with the provisions of the seaman’s com pensation act, enacted by congress some years ago. It provides for minimum wages and working con ditions that are far in advance of those prevailing on ships of other nations. To comply with that law American ships could not compete in shipping charges with the ships of other nations. To meet the dif ference the government pays the ship operators and owners what the public terms a subsidy, but what the operators and owners call an equalization payment. Such pay ments cover the difference between the wages paid on an American ship and the ships of any foreign nation with which the American ship is in competition. The new agreement with the Seaman’s union, perfected by government conciliators, fixes American seamen’s wages still fur ther ahead of those paid on foreign ships. It would seem that it is the American taxpayers’ money that bought peace to American shipping. It is not hard to be generous when spending the other fellow’s dollars. • • • THE GOVERNMENT, in one way or another, has provided help for all who wish to build a home except the farmer. That hard war-work ing individual and his family can sleep in the barn or the cow pas ture. * • • MOST OF THE STRIKES were not settled by collective bargaining between labor and management. The government stepped into the picture, and largely decided what both sides were to accept. As la bor has the greater number of votes, labor got the best of the argument. In the end the public will do the paying. • • • WHEN PUBLIC OPINION mak ing influence is needed in a worthy cause the best person to see is the editor of the home town newspaper. “WHAT GOES UP—” Land Prices Soar Released by WNU. Is speculative ownership of land becoming the ‘ No. 1 Ene my” of future farm prosperity? Are land prices due to tumble as they did after World War I? Will the cost of land go so high that the farmer cannot make a profit? These are questions that are being asked from California to Maine. Land prices have already soared 71 per cent above the 1935-39 aver ages. They are approaching the boom levels that followed World War I. Many bankers are frankly worried lest the crash and deflation of the early 1920s be repeated. Government figures show farm land prices during World War II more than doubled in Indiana, North and South Caro lina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Colo rado and Wyoming. Increases of more than 90 per cent have been recorded in Ohio, Michigan, Georgia, Mississippi, Arkansas and Montana.' For the country as a whole, farm real estate values have jumped 13 per cent in the past year. From the beginning of World War I to the inflation peak in 1920, land prices jumped 70 per cent. Prices at the start of World War II were lower than in 1914, but the in crease this time is already 71 per cent, although the actual prices are not yet at the 1920 peak. Higher Land, Less Profit. Farm sales are continuing at the high level they attained during 1945. The number of farms resold after a limited period of ownership has increased, indicating speculation. Farmers who have a “yen” to acquire additional acreage, says a statement by the Middle West Soil Improvement commit tee, should bear in mind that the higher the cost of land goes, the harder it is to show a profit, even at present prices received for crops. “With sons home from the war «>- LAND PRICES . . . Went up duriug and after World War I—and then came tumbling down. Prices have not gone as high in World War II as before, but they are soaring. These charts show' same trend as in 1914 to 1920. and with more and better farm ma chinery in immediate prospect, many farmers figure it would be a profitable move to work much more land than heretofore,” the state ment points out. “If they will re member the bitter aftermath of World War I’s land boom, when food prices were even higher than they are today, they will see the hazards of such a move. “Sooner or later the present world food emergency will be solved and the mammoth demand for Ameri can food products will end. Then American farmers will have to com pete in world markets. The only way they can do this successfully is to produce crops at a lower cost per unit. In such a program, the steady use of fertilizer containing nitrogen, INFANTILE PARALYSIS No Community Is Safe From Polio Epidemic Areas that have been free of in fantile paralysis outbreaks for a number of years may be more vul nerable to the disease than those with recent epidemic experience, Dr. Thomas Parran, surgeon gen eral of the U. S. public health serv ice, recently stated. Discussing “cycles of epidemics” in the June issue of Hospitals maga- azine, official pub lication of the Amer ican Hospitals asso ciation, Dr. Parran said such theoriz ing had no scien tific basis but was founded on pre sumptive evidence, adding: “Many ers have Parran observ- theorized that as an epidem ic spreads through out the community, it reduces the number of susceptible individuals to a point where the epidemic can no longer maintain itself. Until a new group of potential victims grow up, which may be from four to six years, that community should be less vulnerable to attack.” Dr. Parran said there was dan ger in “relying too strongly on this theory” since recently exposed areas may be “lulled into a feel ing of false security” while locali ties which have been free of the disease for several years “may become unduly alarmed.” “The safest procedure by far,” he advised, “is for all communities to prepare for epidemics.” Dr. Parran’s article in the AHA magazine was one of 10 on infan tile paralysis timed to reach more than 3,500 member hospitals throughout the country before on set of the polio epidemic season, usually ranging from late June to September. The other articles provide in formation on methods of treatment, organization of community re sources, the key position of the gen eral hospital in the over-all care of poliomyelitis patients, and the role of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis in financing polio treatment at general hospitals. Dr. Parran said that all communi ties should inventory their facilities for the treatment of polio, includ ing hospitals which normally do not accept patients suffering with contagious diseases, and he added: “Such pre-epidemic planning is necessary if adequate care is to be given to all who contract the disease. Under the guidance of those officials charged with the commu nity’s health and with the substan tial support of the National Founda tion for Infantile Paralysis and its local chapters, every community in the United States can be prepared to meet epidemics of poliomyelitis without fear or panic.” Woman Has Churned 10 Tons of Butter EVERTON, MO. — Mrs. Gala O. Fletcher of Everton, by actual ac count kept in an old ledger, has churned 21,000 pounds of butter by hand in an old-fashioned brass- bound churn in her 78 years. She ex plains that she has been churning butter since she was four years old when she had to stand on a wooden box to grasp the dasher handle. “It would be quite a lake if all the cream I have churned should flow inti one pool,” she said re cently. The churn she uses is a century old and she has worn out many a home-made dasher in it. She keeps the cream only a short time before she churns it so that the butter she makes will be sweet. After the butter is churned she places it in a large earthen crock which has been sunning for several hours. Then she starts working it with a circular movement, using a flat wooden paddle. That works the milk from the butter in about 10 minutes. She puts the butter away for several hours and then works it again to get out the last of the milk drops. The finished butter is a gold en bail. In order to have the best butter milk, Mrs. Fletcher leaves flakes of butter floating in it. After 75 years’ experience she believes she under stands all phases of butter making. Contentment among cows is as important to good butter as the right kind of feed, she believes. phosphorus and potash will be a ma jor factor. More bushels per acre can, and will, mean more food from less land. Increase Yields, Not Acres. “The wise farmer will be the one who does not buy more land, but who increases the crop-yielding ca pacity of his present acreage by soil improvement measures. He will study the most practical uses of plant food. He will consult agrono mists at state college and agricul tural stations for the most effective methods of fertilizer application, the analyses best suited to his par ticular soil and crop conditions and the quantities to use.” This advice to farmers to im prove their present holdings rather than to acquire greater acreage, was corroborated by the commit tee on farm land prices of the Amer ican Bankers association which urged member banks to admonish would-be farm buyers “go slow,” to discourage borrowing to specu late in farm lands, and to tell vet erans of “the hazards inherent in excessive land prices.” “Country bankers,” a committee spokesman said, “are fully cog nizant of the dangers inherent in the present farm land price situation. They are urging farm owners now to reduce their debt and to plan sav ings for farm improvement during these years of high income, because when conditions return to normal and American agriculture is in com petition with other countries for world markets, it is probable that farm earnings will not support prices at current levels.” CHECK LADDER ... To prevent farm accidents, the National Safety council warns those who use ladders to set the base firm ly about one-fourth of the ladder’s height from the wall or tree, and grasp the sides — not the rungs— as they climb up. « New Matches Gan Be Rain-Soaked and Still Light Matches which can be sub merged in water for four hours and still light have been announced by a U. S. match company. It is stated the matches will withstand innum erable drenchings and still function, and will be a boon to farmers, hunt ers, fishermen and others who often get caught in showers. These water-resistant matches were developed during the war to provide a sure-fire light for mem bers of the armed forces under the wettest conditions of amphibious and jungle warfare, but will soon be available to civilians. Accepted by the war department in 1943 after rigorous tests, millions of the water - resistant matches were shipped from the factory to fighting fronts. Most of the service water-resistant matches were pack aged in the familiar nickle-size boxes for the armed forces, but an other type, a tiny waterproof light little more than an inch long, .was also produced for emergency kits. The water-resistant matches for civilians will be sold in packages of eight boxes of pocket size, each box containing 40 matches. These new matches, which “shed water like a duck’s back” carry a money-back guarantee if they fail to light after a four-hour submersion. EDITOR’S NOTE: This newspaper, through special arrangement with thm Washington Bureau of Western News- oaper Union at 1616 Eye Street, N, W., Washington, D. C., is able to bring read ers this weekly column on problems of the veteran and serviceman and his fam ily. Questions may be addressed to the above Bureau and they will be answered in a subsequent column. No replies can be made direct by mail, but only in the column which will appear in this news paper regularly. Training Practice* In a recent directive Veterans administration has notified co-oper ating institutions that it will not interfere with existing practices in recognized schools and training-on- the-job establishments in which vet erans are enrolled under education al features of the G.I. Bill. VA also announced that job train ing establishments do not have to guarantee veterans work at the end of their training courses regardless of circumstances. Schools and train ing establishments are required only to submit their usual reports on stu dent attendance and grades of vet erans who are enrolled, and VA training officers will obtain their in formation only from these institu tions only if the schools are unable to furnish regular reports. This directive was issued after some schools expressed the belief that VA training officers might seek to exercise supervision over estab lished schools that have had train ing courses for years. “No employer is expected to guar antee a job to a veteran who fails to demonstrate during the course that he will merit employment. Nei ther is an employer-trainer expect ed to guarantee a position against unforeseeable circumstances which may arise and make it necessary for him to reduce his force or at least not to expand it,” the di rective says. Question* and Answer* Q. Can you explain to me the dif ference between allotments made by men in the services and fam ily allowances?—Mrs. A. R. B., Bed ford, Ind. A. Any man in the armed services may make an allotment for several purposes (1) for his National Serv ice life insurance, (2) for purchase of war bonds, (3) for his bank ac count or even for his family, and these allotments are deducted from his pay. However, when a service man makes what is called a class F allotment of $22 per month to be paid his dependents, which is also called an allotment and is deducted from his pay, the government adds $28 for his wife and $30 for the first child and $20 for each additional child. These are called family al lowances. Allotments on the part of servicemen are not compulsory although the army urges such al lotments be made. However, a wife or a dependent child may request an allotment and if the request is granted, it is compulsory on the part of the serviceman to make the al lotment. Only wives and children may request allotments, parents or other members of the family may not. Q. My husband was in the navy 30 months and he is entitled to mus tering out pay and other G.I. Bill benefits. Would his wife and chil dren he has deserted be entitled to get any of it for their support?— Mrs. E. L. J., Guntersville, Ala. A. Not that I know of. Muster ing out pay is given directly to the veteran and so are other payments under the G.I. Bill. Yours is a civil case and you have all the protection of the law for desertion and non support. Q. Is there any way a veteran can get paid for the days he loses work on account of disease he caught in the Pacific which causes his hands to break out in water blis ters?—Mrs. J. B. D., Chase, Md. A. There is no way unless he ap plies for a disability pension. It appears that if his disease was serv ice connected he is eligible to apply for a disability rating and receive medical treatment. Go to your nearest office of the Veterans ad ministration. Q. Could you please inform me as to whether some agency of our gov ernment publishes a mailing list of men in a certain division of the army? If so how could I secure a list of men in the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions?—G. R. H., Boli var, N. Y. A. Of course the adjutant gener al’s office has lists of men in every division. However, I know of no agency which publishes the lists for obvious reasons, since they could be used for commercial purposes. Q. I served nine months overseas and was honorably discharged. When I was discharged the war was still on and I was not permitted to bring any souvenirs back home dur ing the war. Will the war depart ment give me an army rifle for a souvenir?—C. J. J., Red Springs, N. C. A. No. Q. Can you tell me how I can get my husband a dependency dis charge?—Mrs. W. C., Clinton, N. C. A. Such discharges must be ini tiated by the man in service by ap plication to his commanding officer. SEWING CIRCLE PAHERNS S)ca (iojyecl ^)ate ^&reSA Dor, 3s Simph to 13]aL 1514 2-4 yr»- Slimming Date Dress A BEGUILING junior date dress your best beau is sure to ad- nire. Round neck and cap sleeves ire edged in handsome scallops, irincess panels give you a slim- is-a-pencil look. It will be stun- ling in icy white with bold flower ippliques. , Pattern No. 8036 comes in sizes 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 18. Size 12, 31', yards of 35 or 39-inch fabric. Ancients Took Vegetables To Venus as Offerings Early offerings to Venus, god dess of love, were big flowery cab bages and even leeks and garlic. Originally she personified beauty in nature and was the special pro tector of market gardeners around Rome. Later she became a goddess of brilliant beauty, had a planet named for her, was associated with the golden apple of mytholo gy. The diamond came to be known as the Venus stone because of its starlike brilliance. Cupid, her little boy who never grew up, is supposed to have de scended from Chaos, that confused state of the universe before time was counted. Yoke Frock for Tot T'HIS gay little yolked frock is as -*• sweet as can be, and makes easy sewing for the beginner be cause it’s cut all in one piece. Usa a pretty all-over flower print and trim with bright harmonizing ric rac. Panties to match. She’ll adore this cool, summery set. Pattern No. 1514 is for sizes 2, 3, 4, S and 6 years. Size 3, dress, 1% yards of 35 or 39-inch; panties. % yard; 2‘,4 yards ric rac to trim. Due to an unusually large demand and current conditions, slightly more time is required in filling orders for a few of the Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT. 539 South Wells St. Chicago 7, 111. Enclose 25 cents in coins for each pattern desired. Pattern No Size Name Address FUOHT STEWARDESS For M# first time a course is now available which equips you for a most fascinating career, fO • Day home study course. 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