Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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S THE NEWBERRY SUN. NEWBERRY. S. C. EDITOR’S NOTE: This newspaper, through special arrangement with the Washington Bureau of Western Newspaper Union at 1616 Eye Street, N. W^ Washing ton, D. C., is able to bring readers this weekly column on problems of the veteran and serviceman and his family. Questions may be addressed to the above Bureau and they will be answered in a subsequent col umn. No replies can be made direct by mail, but only in the column which will appear in this newspaper regularly. Speed of Discharge Apropos of the confusion existing in the minds of both members of the armed services and civilians, Gen. Dwight Eisenhower testified before a joint meeting of the house and senate January 15 that all men in the army with two years’ serv ice would be on their way out by July 1, 1946. He further said that veterans and civilians who are now complaining have no reason to ex pect discharge for . another three or four months under the original de mobilization program set up by Gen. George C. Marshall as chief of staff. Although further cut in number of points eligible for discharge may come within th=? next few weeks, as of January 15, discharge points necessary for the army remains at 50 for enlisted men and 70 for offi cers. General MacArthur has an nounced that the point score for men under his command is 48 for enlisted men and 68 for officers. These figures apply to all who had earned that number of points as of September 2, 194u. It is pointed out at the war department that each theater commander has the authori ty to reduce the point score for dis charge. War department heads agree that discharge of veterans is proceeding at a rate that is too fast for the efficiency and safety of the army and replacements are not coming fast enough although training of re placements has been cut from 17 to 13 weeks. Question* and Answers Q. I was discharged from the regular army in January, 1944, and now 1 would like to put in another hitch, but because of a paragraph in my discharge papers am unable to. It reads: “Is not recommended for re-enlistment, induction or re induction. Sec. 8. AR 615-360.” How can I have this fixed and re-enlist? —Reader, Albertville, Ala. A. Section 8 of army regulations to which you refer means that you are unfit for military service and will not be accepted, according to the war department. Q. What does a man in the army get discharge points for? If mar ried, but no children, is the wife considered a dependent? Are any discharge points allowed for her?— Mrs. B. J. D., Mt. Sterling, Ohio. A. Discharge points in the army are allowed for service in this coun try and overseas, for minor chil dren (not more than three) and for decorations or battle stars. A wife is considered a dependent in so far as family allowance is concerned, but not for discharge points. Q. I heard any one in service under 20 years of age can get a dis charge to attend school even if he hasn’t enough points. Is this true? —Mrs. O. S., Lewistown, 111. A. No discharge is granted to per mit a man under age to attend school. He may go to school at the army institute in this country or to any one of the courses which have been instituted overseas. Q. We are the parents of two boys who served their country, one three years in the army, the other almost four years in the navy. The father is 55 and mother, 49. We do not own any property and live in one of the boy’s home. The father worked at a saw mill and made 50 cents an hour. When the boys went into service, we thought if we could get by without starving we would not draw from the govern ment on them. We had one single girl in school and one 13-year-old boy in school. We did get by and did not starve, but it took every cent to do so and keep the two in school. Would it have been dishon est to have drawn on one of the bo ? If not, could we get it yet? They are both honorably dis charged.—Mr. and Mrs. P. H., Val ley Head, Ala. A. It certainly would not have been dishonest for you to take an allotment from one or both of your boys for the allotment would have been entirely voluntary on their part out of their pay and the amount they voluntarily set aside for you would have been matched by the govern ment. You cannot get it now, since they are discharged. Q. My husband had war bond al lotments taken from his pay which he received when he was dis charged at Indiantown Gap, Pa. Would like to know where to write, since he has not received his bonds, —Mrs. W. W. R., MiUmont, Pa. A. Write to the war bond div ision, U. S. army, 4300 Goodfellow blvd., St. Louis 20, Mo. Q. U a man has enough points for discharge is there any way a regular navy man can be released if he hasn’t served his full six-year enlistment?—Wife, Duluth, Minn. A. The navy says, "No.” Lincoln Established Department Of Agriculture 84 Years Ago Great President Always Remained A Farmer at Heart Abraham Linclon sat at his desk studying a document a clerk had laid before him. Now and then he would raise his eyes to glance out the window at a blue-clad sentry pacing the White House lawn. Soon he finished reading, took off his steel-bowed spectacles, reached for a pen and signed his name to the last page. The paper he signed that May day in 1862 was not an army-shifting or der that would change the tide of battles, but nevertheless its effects have been felt in war and peace in the three-quarters of a century that have followed. The document was an “Act to Establish the United States department of agriculture.” Thus in the agony of the Civil war was born an organization which to day serves six million of the na tion’s farms. Americans remember Lincoln best as the Great Emancipator whose principles have stirred men the world over. Few citizens, per haps, realize the profound effect Lincoln and his administration had on the agriculture of the United States. For not only did he foster the act establishing the U. S. de partment of agriculture, but he pro moted other legislation that gave farming an impetus that has speed ed its development to this day. Lincoln was farm bred. He nev er lost the feel of the earth. All his life he was a close student of agri culture. He knew its needs and the possibilities of its advancement as few presidents have before or since. The story of Lincoln’s boyhood on the farm is an American classic. His early days were spent on a 30- acre tract near Knob creek about 10 miles from his birthplace at Hodgenville, Ky. Moved to Indiana. When Abe was seven years old. the family moved across the Ohio river into southern Indiana. Tragedy was to come early into the young boy’s life for it was here that his mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln, died. The Lincolns had established themselves on a knoll surrounded by low-lying, marshy fields. Abe had to walk a mile to haul drinking water. Thomas Lincoln had taken an op tion on 160 acres of land at two dollars an acre. He completed pay ments on about half of that total, varying his farming activities with hunting and occasional jobs of car pentry. Seven years after the family had arrived in Indiana, the farm’s cultivated area totaled only 17 acres. The Lincoln family moved to Illi nois in 1830, taking up land along the Sangamon river in Macon coun ty. Soon after arriving, Abe reached his 21st birthday. That meant free dom from his father’s yoke. So he bade farewell to his family and moved on to New Salem. Student of Agriculture. As a successful lawyer riding the Illinois circuit and visiting neigh boring states occasionally to try cases, Lincoln was a close student of agriculture. He was often invited to speak before farmers’ meetings. One of the most notable instances historians record of his appear ances before farm groups came in 1859 — a year before he was elected President — when he was invited to address the agricultural fair held by the Wisconsin State Agricultural society at Milwaukee. On that occasion he said: “No other human occupation opens so wide a field for the profit able and agreeable combination of labor with cultivated thought as agriculture. Every blade of grass is a study; and to produce two where there once was but one is both a profit and a pleasure. And not grass alone, but soils, seeds and seasons, saving crops, diseases of crops, what will prevent and cure them; hogs, horses and cattle; trees, shrubs, fruits, plants and flowers—each is a world of study within itself.” His words were prophetic of the research conducted today by plant breeders, animal husbandmen and soil scientists at state agricultural colleges and experiment stations. There was great room for prog ress in agriculture when Lincoln en tered the White House. Farming was still being done with horse power although an impressive start had been made in mechanization. But it still toolr about as long to plow a “I have caused the department of agriculture of the United States to be organized to carry out the act of congress of May i5th last. The com missioner informs me that within the period of a few months this de partment has established an exten sive system of correspondence and exchanges, both at home and abroad, which promise to effect highly beneficial results in the de velopment of a current knowledge of recent improvements of agricul ture, in the introduction of new products and in the collection of the agricultural statistics of the differ ent states. Also it will be prepared to distribute largely seeds, cereals, plants and cuttings, and has already published and liberally diffused much valuable information.” The department of agriculture thus played its part in the Civil war. Its services to the nation’s farmers have continued to grow. Ever;' farm home today feels its ILLINOIS HOMESTEAD . . . .This is the last farm home built by Thomas Lincoln, father of the president. Abe Lincoln, then a grown man, helped his father build the house and visited it often. It is in Coles county, near Charleston. field, plant a crop and cultivate it as it had in George Washington’s time. This was particularly true in the pioneer areas of settlement in the West. Reaper Coming into Use. The early 1830s had witnessed the introduction of the reaper but its use was not universal when the Civil war broke out. Farmers had been using the steel plow for about 25 years. The modern fertilizer in dustry was not established until 1850, after scientific experiments in Europe had demonstrated the value of plant feeding. By 1860 production had reached only 20,000 tons. Last years farmers used more than 12,000,000 tons. Food production was just as im portant in the Civil war as in World Wars I and II. Lincoln and his advisers sought measures both near and long range that would strengthen the position of agricul ture. The administration threw its weight behind three major bills and within a year they had become the law of the land. They were: the act establishing the U. S. department of agriculture; the land grant col lege act to which the nation’s farm ers today owe the existence of the far-flung system of agricultural col leges in every state of the union, and the homestead act. Lincoln had advocated the estab lishment of a department of agricul ture in his first message to con gress, in December, 1861. Theta he had said: “Agriculture, confessedly the larg est interest of the nation, has not a department nor a bureau, but a clerkship only. While it is important that this great interest is so inde pendent in its nature as not to have demanded or extorted more from the government, I respectfully ask con gress to consider whether something more cannot voluntarily be given with general advantage.” By the time he delivered his sec ond annual message, the depart ment had been created and Lincoln was able to report: LINCOLN VIRGINIA HOMESTEAD . . . The ancestral home of Abra ham Lincoln in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. John Lincoln, great grandfather of the martyred president, built the original house. Thomas Lincoln, father of Abe, was born here before the family moved to Kentucky. benefits. Farmers everywhere are assisted by county agents in im proving their tillage methods, test ing their soil to determine plant food needs, so as to increase the output and quality of their crops. The land grant college act or the Morrill act, signed by President Lincoln on July 2, 1862, marked a milestone in the development of sci entific agriculture. The act gave to each state as many times 30,000 acres of public land as it had sena tors and representatives — this land to provide funds for the establish ment and support of “a college of agriculture and mechanical arts.” “Today the state agricultural col leges which Lincoln’s administra tion helped to create are one of the farmers' greatest allies,” said a statement of the Middle West soil improvement committee recent ly. “Their scientists and teachers are constantly discovering new facts about the soil and its plant food needs, crop and livestock im provement and better farming meth ods. Practical Training. “These colleges equip young men to apply their training to prac tical 'farm work. Here and in the agricultural experiment stations, agronomists are carrying on tests with crops, soils and fertilizers. The benefit of this information is available to any farmer seeking ad vice in applying nitrogen, phosphor^ us and potash to his land for profit able crop production.” The third great agricultural measure which marked Lincoln’s contribution to the future of Ameri can farming was the homestead act which he signed May 20, 1862. Since the day this act became op erative approximately 250 million acres of public domain have been thrown open to farm ownership. The effect of the homestead act in promoting farm production dur ing and after the Civil war was tre mendous. By its provisions, 160 acres of land was given free to every set tler who would live on it for five years. Landseekers rushed to take advantage of the offer. Before the war ended 2.5 million acres were al located—or an average of 15 thou sand farms of 160 acres each. Railroad lines were extended to link the western farm lands with the markets of the east. The food these new farms produced helped supply the union armies, and com bined with the agricultural output of the east, built up a surplus that found a profitable market in Europe. Following the Civil war the home stead act was instrumental in build ing up the farming empire west of the Mississippi which became the land of opportunity for the veterans of that war. As America hails the 137th anni versary of Lincoln’s birth, agricul ture acknowledges its debt to him. The progress farming had made in the past 80 years would never have been possible without his help. Practical Farming Advice Sent Out By Agriculture Colleges Most farmers are well acquainted with the news and advice sent out by their state colleges of agricul ture. These colleges were estab lished under the land grant college act. Typical stories are the follow ing: KANSAS Probably the best insurance on any Kanasas farm against costly machinery breakdowns is a good farm shop that can be heated and made comfortable for winter use. A complete overhaul of all farm equip ment every winter is a goal worth attempting and it’s impossible if you have to work out in the snow. OREGON A serious breakdown in the Alu mina plant at Salem has interrupted the production of ammonium sul phate for distribution to Oregon farmers, but repairs are being rushed so that shipments may be resumed this month if present plans work out, reports Art King, exten sion soils specialist at Oregon State college. War substitute lining in the crystalizing equipment failed, caus ing the shutdown. GEORGIA “In making their 1946 plans, Georgia farm families should strive to maintain the gains they have made in recent years,” Walter Brown, extension director, de clared. “The inflation threat con tinues and inflation is almost cer tain to be followed by deflation.” Released by Western Newspaper Union. By VIRGINIA VALE A LOT of New Yorkers would kick theipselves if they knew what has happened lately. For Bing Crosby heads the list of movie and radio stars whom most people would like to see in person. And Bing can’t resist the sidewalks of New York. Wearing a slouch hat, smoking a pipe, with the collar of his overcoat turned up on chilly days, he’s travelled over miles of New York by foot; walked clear to the Battery one morning, and then rode all the way back up town on a crowded bus, but nobody recognized him, though that bus probably was jammed with his fans. Even the crowd waiting to see “The Bells of St. Mary’s” at the Music Hall didn’t recognize him! * Ginny Simms was guest of honor at a scrumptious party for the press given by the Columbia Broad casting system, at which, naturally, all the men crowded around Ginny. But the girls gathered around Hel mut Dantine, whose latest picture GINNY SIMMS is "Shadow of a Woman.” Ginny was cheering because Frank Gal lagher, ex-army singer whom she introduced recently on the air in her “Give a Discharged Serviceman a Job” campaign, now has a radio show of his own. Every returned vet she’s introduced has hit the pro fessional jackpot. * Ray Milland is convinced that the sailing yacht Santana, which he used to own, has star appeal. He got interested in fishing, wanted a cruiser, so sold the yacht to Dick Powell, who honeymooned on it with June Ally son. Then Powell sold it to Humphrey Bogart. * The youngster you’ll see in “The Strange Woman,” playing Hedy La marr as a child, is the star’s own discovery. She’s Arianne Castle, daughter of Edgar Ulmer, also a Lamarr discovery. She chose him as director of her first independent film venture, then talked him into letting his daughter appear in the picture also — Hedy says Arianne looks exactly as she did at the age of eight. * “Holiday and Co.,” which re places “It Pays to Be Ignorant” on the air, is true to life. The story of ex-vaudevillians who played on bills with Jack Benny, Fred Allen, etc., its main characters, Tim and Shir ley Holiday, are played by Ray Maher and Edith Evans, who know that background perfectly. It looks like one of the most promising of the year’s new radio shows. Loretta Young’s stand-in in her new picture, “The Stranger,” is Vir ginia Griffith, an old friend. The girls went to grade school together; now Virginia works when Lor etta does, and falls heir to a good many of Loretta’s picture costumes. * “The Teentimers Club” heard Saturday mornings over NBC, has been cited by the American schools and colleges association as the out standing program for young people in the high school age group. The series won its honors for “good, clean entertainment used as a ve hicle for straight, colloquial talks on tolerance,” according to the citation. * Following a recent “Truth or Consequences” broadcast the op erator on NBC’s night switchboard in Hollywood reported that more calls had flooded the board than on either V-E or V-J Days. They were all from people requesting tickets to the Ralph Edwards show, so that they could try to identify that mys terious voice and win those fabu lous gifts. People as far east as Buffalo phoned, offering to pay their fare west if they could be assured of a chance on the program—which, of course, they couldn’t be. * ODDS AND ENDS—Jimmie Melton’s friends presented him with m 254 gallon container of custard ice cream, his favorite dessert, before a recent broadcast. , . . You’ll hear Ann Sothern doing comedy dialects on all the “Maisle” programs now; those she’s done so far have been real laugh getters. , . . Fred Warintfs delighted to have Stuart Churchill out of the army and back with the Pennsylvanians; Churchill shared a tent at Camp Upton with Burl Ives, and Ives taught him to play the guitar. ... Dinah Shore and George Montgomery have an unusual collie on their Encino ranch; they know somebody’s coming when hti stops barkirf. IMPROVED UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL S UNDAY I chool Lesson By HAROLD L. LUNDQUIST. D D. Of The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. Released by Western Newspaper Union. Lesson for February 10 Lesson subjects and Scripture texts se lected and copyrighted b/ International Council of Religious Education; used by permission. A PEOPLE DISCIPLINED Temperance Lesson LESSON TEXT: Numbers 14:11-24. MEMORY SELECTION: For whom the Lord loveth he correcteth; even as a lather the son In whom he delighteth.—Proverbs Instruction, training and culture, sometimes calling for the touch of judgment or punishment, that the, lesson may be rightly learned—this is the meaning of discipline. It is a good word and speaks of that which is much needed in a dis ordered and dissolute world. Our lesson tells of God’s plan for, the discipline of the people of Is rael in preparation for their entry into the Promised Land. They were not ready when God first brought them up to it, but through hard and trying experiences they learned. They did not believe God, so they had to learn the hard way. One wonders whether we will be wiser than they. America is now in the awful grasp of a postwar wave of careless living, of moral disinte gration and of awful dissipation. Al coholic liquors flow in an un controlled flood of destruction. Where is the moral fiber that made America great? I. There is a Limit to God’s Patience (vv. 11, 12). The background of our lesson is the report of the spies who were sent up into the land. All agreed that it was a good land, but 10 of them were afraid of its inhabitants. Two of them, Joshua and Caleb, urged the people to take God at his- word and go up to possess the land. But the people rebelled and wanted to turn back to the fieshpots of Egypt. God had been patient with the people, but the time had come when further patience ceased to be a virtue and would only be indul gence. Then judgment came—and fast! There is a limit to God’s patience with a sinful people. It is almost heartbreaking to think of the pos sibility that America may all too soon press its downward course to the point where God says. It is enough. II. There is Power in Intercessory Prayer (w. 13-19). Moses stepped into the breach and made a mighty and moving plea for his people. He knew the power of intercession and called on God for mercy upon the people. He pointed out that the honor of the Lord was involved in bringing His people into the land. He recognized the guilt of the older members of the nation but asked for another chance for the children. He basea his prayer on the known qualities of God, his justice and, above all, h.s mercy. Does not this strongly suggest the importance of Christian people making their influence count in the solution of social problems? Pray er accomplishes more than this world has ever conceived to be pos sible. Praying people count with God, and hence they count in the af fairs of men. More Christian people ought to be deeply concerned about our country’s liquor problem, and all the physical, moral, social, political and spiritual ills which are caused by drink. III. There is Ponishment for Un belief (vv. 20-23). The pardon of God for the people as a whole did not overlook or wink at the awful unbelief of those who had rebelled against God. He had not left them without a strong basis for faith in him. Again and again he had made known his might in miraculous deliverances during their days of travel from Egypt. But they simply hardened their hearts in unbelief. Lack of faith in God is no little offense against him. He has a right to our unquestioning belief and im mediate obedience. Somehow we have come to regard it as a spe cial favor toward God if we believe him, when the fact is that unbelief in such a God is definitely and ob viously sin. IV. There Is a Reward for Cour ageous Living (v. 24). God is looking for men of faith. All through Scripture we find the Lord coming magnificently to the help and blessing of the one who will believe him. Caleb and Joshua were brought into the land, preserved through all of Israel’s wandering, and kept in vigor even to old age in order to enjoy the promised possession (see Josh. 1:6-9: 14:10-12). Caleb is an example of what courage, faith, self-control—yes, dis cipline, can do for a man. We need men and women—yes, young men and women with the spirit of Caleb. Social customs of our day encour age self-indulgence. Drinking is on the increase. Moral standards arv low and seem to be getting lower. What shall we do? Teach our young men and women to have faith in God and to discipline their lives in accordance with his word, so thaf they may be set free for cour ageous and useful living. | ASK ME *) 1 ’ ANOTHER * ? I A General Quiz 7 The Questions 1. A shark has no bones. Of what is its skeleton composed? 2. What does the word esoterio mean? 3. What is the unit of lumber measurement called a board foot? 4. Greyhounds were first used by whom? 5. What sea has no shore? 6. What instrument is called the clown of the orchestra? The Answers 1. Cartilage. 2. Abstruse, marked by secrecy, confidential. 3. One foot by one foot by one inch. 4. The Pharaohs of Egypt, for hunting. 5. Sargasso sea (entirely sur rounded by the Atlantic ocean). 6. The bassoon. FOOUSH TO NEGLECT SNIFFLES, SNEEZES OP HeadCMs A bottle of Vicks Va-tro-nol is mighty, handy to have around the house be cause this double-duty nose drops... Relieves sneezy snlffly, stuffy distress of head colds. Makes breathing easier. Helps Prevent many colds from 1— —— developing If used at the first warning sniffle or sneeze. This Double-Duty Nose Drops should save you much misery. Works fine! Follow directions In the package. VICKS VA-TRO-NOL FalseTeeth Wearers what bothers you most? 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