Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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1 THE NEWBERRY SUN. NEWBERRY. S. C. LABOR CRISIS TESTS TRUMAN The fast-g'-Owing labor crisis presents Harry S. Truman with the first big problem he has faced on a hitherto well-charted Roose velt sea. Up until now, most policies, especially those dealing with war and peace, had been pretty well established by Tru man’s predecessor. In settling the current labor turmoil, however, Harry is completely on his own. For some time, labor advice from White House insiders has differed. Truman’s labor department has argued that labor troubles after wars were inevitable, that both Wilson and Harding had to call out U. S. troops after the last war, that labor has been in a strait jacket since Pearl Harbor, is bound to feel its wild oats now; finally that big business was equal ly in a straight jacket and equal ly willing to row with labor espe cially if it could get labor in wrong with the public . . . ad vice to Truman: Don’t stick your neck out; let both sides battle it out for a while. Opposite advice came from another wing of the White House . . . while admitting that all the above is true, other ad visers urged that both labor and industry needed guidance. For four years both labor and industry have had the Little- Steel Formula as their guide. They were supposed not to go above this . . . Now labor finds itself losing its overtime wages, with take-home pay dropping way below lush war days, yet with the cost of living still high. Therefore, Truman was urged to step forward and set a na tional policy, suggest a wage increase which would partly off set the drop in take-home pay ... It is this group of advisers which Truman finally has de cided to follow. • • • FARMERS VS. LABOR UNIONS Last week Florida citrus grow ers came to Washington, worried sick over the future market for grapefruit and oranges. They feared a return of the old days when their fruit was dumped’into Florida rivers . . . The army has just cancelled orders for several million cases of orange juice. Si multaneously it has turned back on the civilian market several million more surplus cases. This backlog is bound to have a depressing effect on citrus fruit . . . Citrus fruit growers know that with wages dropping, the civilian demand for oranges and grapefruit will also nose-dive. When workmen get paid less, first thing they quit buying is fruit . . . Cattlemen also figure on a drop in prices. Not only will the army buy less, but workmen eat less meat, when wages are cut . . . Same is true of many other farm commodities, including dairy products . . . Never before has the average American eaten so well— despite rationing—as during the war years, largely because wages were high . . . Seldom before also have farmers been so prosperous . . . Seldom before, however, have farmers been so sore at labor onions. They were looking for ward to buying new autos, new farm machinery. Now all this fe delayed by strikes. Also they were looking forward to the return of cheap labor from cities to farms. So far this hasn’t materialized. * • • UNIONS LOSE MONEY Big industrial unions naturally don’t want any trek back to the farm. It means loss of dues. The United Auto 'Workers’ 1,000,000 d- 's-paying membership has now uiopped to about half of that. The drop was so severe that the cost of running the union went in - the red . . . UAW chiefs are going about their wage protests in an orderly, fair-minded manner, have done their best to stop the Kelsey- Hayes wildcat strike . . . But some union leaders prefer strikes. It helps increase their power in the union ... In Schenectady, Gen eral Electric’s Charles E. Wilson long has advocated higher wages. He says it helps him sell electric refrigerators, electric irons, etc. He has been ready to make up ward wage adjustments voluntar ily, just as wise Standard Oil of N. J. increased its pay immedi ately and automatically at the end of the war. However, certain CIO Elec trical Workers seem more in terested in a strike than a vol untary or negotiated wage boost . . . some labor leaders, unfortu nately, seem deliberately looking for strikes—among them John L. Lewis. They bring disfavor on the heads of other labor leaders, have given the entire labor move ment a bad setback with public opinion . . . Public opinion in some areas is now so anti-labor that Truman would get thunderous applause if he called out U. S. troops as strike-breakers. Things I Never Knew Till Now About Atoms: This gives you an idea of the atom’s size: If a drop of water were magnified to the size of the earth, the atoms in it would hardly be the size of oranges . . . Most of the atom is composed of empty space. It is made of an orbit of electrons revolving around the nu cleus much as planets revolve about the sun. An electron is merely a particle of electricity . . . The atom’s nucleus contains all its colossal energy. It took sci entists more than 50 years of re search to unlock the nucleus so it could give up that power ... Uranium has made the atomic bomb the most devastating explo sive. Yet the bomb uses only one- tenth of one per cent of uranium’s potential strength . . . Another reason why the United Nations should stick together: They pos sess three-quarters of the world’s uranium supply. Kids Govern OPA Office in Brooklyn for a Day Photo shows the price panel in session, when the students of Midwood High school took over the operation of the Office of Price Administration’s local rationing board in Brooklyn’s Flatbush section for m day. For twelve hours the enterprising youngsters ran the rationing and price control machinery, with, of course a little expert super vision by s regular aide in interpreting some of the knottier problems that arose. Few motorists realize that their cars are driven by atomic power. Gasoline is rich in hydrogen atoms, and they provide most of the pow er that drives the car . . . Atomic power is one of the few great dis coveries that was the goal of the longest and most difficult series of researches in history. Most mo mentous discoveries were acci dents: The invention of fire, the discovery of America, the discov ery of oxygen and the X-ray were all the result of accident. In 1905, a young patent office clerk in Switzerland developed a theory which involved the idea that under certain conditions mat ter could be changed into energy and energy into matter. Accord ing to that theory, a very small amount of matter could produce tremendous quantities of energy. This has become the basic principle for atomic power. Yet science ig nored this theory for 15 years. The young patent office clerk’s name: Albert Einstein. You’ve probably read that the atomic power in a breath of air could operate a powerful plane for a year continuously; that the a.p. in a handful of snow could heat a large apartment house for a year, etc. However, Prof. Einstein be lieves “it will probably take many years” to channel uranium’s en ergy into peaceful pursuits. Ein stein also points out that other substances might be found “and probably will be found” to accel erate its commercial use. On Dec. 10, 1941 (a day before we declared war against Ger many), Princeton University sci entists issued a report which was buried in gazettes’ inside pages. Today the significance of this re port cannot be over-estimated: It revealed that the scientists made much headway in planning means to defend America against any type of atomic attack. Similar re search is now continuing . . . Some day the result of this work might make the atomic bomb obsolete . . . The peacetime role of atomic energy will depend upon one con sideration—relative cost. Until a method of producing the energy has been revolutionized and brought down to a low figure, it is likely to provide a source of energy in extremely concentrated form only for highly specialized industrial purposes . . . One sci entist has observed: “Splitting the atom is like discovering the other half of the world—the biggest half.” Uranium is used for atomic bombs because it has the largest atom of any of the known ele ments and would be easier to split.. . When the atom is cracked, the fragments of its nucleus are hurled off with an energy of 100,000,000 electron volts . . . The ^ machinery which produced the ’ atomic bomb has given the world its greatest destructive force. Very little attention has been given to the fact that such machinery is being used to save life, not only destroy it. The atom-splitting cyclotron is a potent medical tool and is an invaluable aid in the fight to lick cancer . . . We have pointed out that the nucleus is the source of the atom’s power. It staggers the imagination to real ize the nucleus is only one-mil- lionth of a billionth ox the size of the atom! The energy in just one gram of uranium is strong enough to lift the Empire State Building 20 miles in the air . . . More than five years ago, Dr. R. M. Langer (physics research associate at the California Institute of Technol ogy) wrote in a mag that uranium could create a civilization in which man would dwell underground for better living; where national boun daries would be obsolete because of swift travel; and in which mean ing of the gold standard would be lost because of decreased living costs. Japanese Sidewalk Salesmen Customers crowd around the sidewalk stands in the Ginza District in Tokyo, which is similar to New York’s Fifth Avenue. Shopkeepers, their stores destroyed by bombs, set up their wares in the street, and carry on their business outside the wrecked buildings. In the background is the famous Jap Department Store, Takashimaya, where only two floors are now in use. Wants to Cros§ Atlantic in Barrell Because “It is inevitable that some day, someone will cross the Atlantic in a barrel,” Mark Charlton, discharged Canadian army veteran, wants to do it first. He is shown with the barrel in which he plans to make the attempt. Had Kenny Treatment Mrs. John Rybolt. at home in Los Angeles, after a year of the Kenny Treatment for Polio, is shown as she greeted her children, Brian 3, and Johnny, 6, while her husband looks on. Physicians say Mrs. Rybolt will be able to walk eventually with the aid of crutches. Women’s U. S. Softball Champions Opens Trade Parley The Jax Maids of New Orleans drove to the World Softball Champion ship to make it their third year in the last four that they have won the title. They won in 1942 and 1943. The bevy of beauties hammered out a win over the Toronto Crofton Club lassies by a score of 5 to 0, as Nina Korgan of the Jax allowed but two hits. Photo shows the Jax with their trophy. Eric Johnston, President of the U. S. Chamber of Commerce, addres ses a plenary session of delegates to International Business Conference in New York recently. Released by Western Newspaper Union. ATOMIC BOMB CREATES SUPER-SPY SYSTEM NEED WASHINGTON—Major General Wild Bill Donovan bowed out of the first real American intelli gence service (OSS) with a some what cool-sounding response from President Truman to his idea of developing his line of effort fur ther for peace. Mr. Truman cut up OSS, sending part to the Wax Department, but most to State. The Donovan notion of hiring someone like Sumner Welles, the ex-diplomat, to keep intimate and independent watch on the inner international world, was left hang ing in air—somewhat foggy air. General Dor.ovan has never been a glamour boy. He is a rather crusty soldier-lawyer. Those who know what he did in the confi dential special agent part of the war say his work in the Balkans particularly was excellent and could have been done by no one else as well. Into his organiza tion, however, crept a number of persons who did not fit the best nature of the endeavor and gave it distaste with Congress. I think this fairly sums up OSS. It did great work, but was not popular. (I can never learn what accom plishes popularity in this era when a bank robber can possibly attain it by merely being for the 30-hour week or some such social innova tion.) In the wake of this peculiar con dition, congressmen are arising to shout “There will be no American Gestapo,” and I assume also they mean no OGPU or NKDV. In deed there will not. But there is a grave danger that the first vital necessity for a secure postwar world will be ignored and shunted aside by muddleheaded political thinking about it. If you thought Pearl Harbor a surprise and blitz warfare sudden as lightning, you are already old- fashioned and obsolete in your thinking. The next war will start like a flash—the brilliant blinding flash of the atomic bomb. If our defenses were archaic last time, they will be pitiful next time un less our officials know everything going on in this world. Advance knowledge is more essential to de fense in a future world than a superior air force, an army or fleet. Not the Fascists or the Com munist nations, but the British, a democratic nation, have the best world intelligence. It was built up through generations. Their survival depended upon it, because their little islands had absolutely nothing to justify their superior position in the world, except an awareness of the facts of national existences and a superior shrewdness in using them. That is what we need—only a better one. It cannot be an army enterprise because the army covers only one phase of world facts influencing peace and security. It cannot be navy, marine corps, or merely all three together, because diplomacy must be founded upon such in formation. (The British even move commercially from such realistic ground news.) It cannot be split, or you will have each department performing again the coordination they showed about Pearl Harbor— namely none. INDEPENDENT BUREAU NEEDED Consequently it must be an in dependent bureau covering at least these government elements and probably more (Justice De partment and FBI.) Furthermore, the head must be a man whose character and personality guar antee full pursuit of the business to be done, and a complete dis avowal of any political implica tions in the work. He must not be a leftist or right or even a professional Democrat or Repub lican. That service must lean over backwards to keep itself po litically inviolable, and beyond even the faintest suspicion of po litical use. (The British know how to do it.) The only limit on its appro priations should be our need of information. If we need the information—get it If the spenders want to let Treasury money loose, here is one place where they could get something out of it. Some interested par ties wish to limit the scope of activitv ‘o foreign information. It sh : limited only by need. If it . jnd counterespionage in this country it requires action, no political soft'peddaling con siderations should be allowed to stand in the way of getting it. Hard Metal Carboloy metal, near in hardness to the diamond, is a product ot the relatively new science of powder metallurgy. It is made by mixing powdered tungsten, carbide and co balt, finer than flour, pressing this together under tremendous pressure, and then heating it in furnaces toj temperatures up in the thousands of j degrees. This fuses the powders to-, gether to form a metal that is not, only the hardest metal known to sci ence but is also extremely dense and weighs roughly one-half again as much as lead. Smooth-Biding Freight Cars Foodstuffs and other perishable merchandise in freight cars now can get a "first class ride,” Just 1 like passengers in the new stream-, liners. As a result, in-transit losses from breakage and other causes, are being reduced materially.; These advantages are made possible, by the adaptation to freight cars of, the same type of direct action, two- way hydraulic shock absorbers now 1 used on streamliners and other mod ern passenger equipment. Bight Side Wrong Side The right side for ironing may be the wrong side of the dress. This Is true when clothing is made of dark- colored cotton, linen, rayon or crepe. Wool also is ironed on the wrong side and is protected by a pressing cloth. A few wrinkles may have to be smoothed out when the garment is turned to the right side. White and light-colored cottons are ironed on the right side. Heavy fab rics, such as damask, are ironed on both sides. Clear Water When water contains so much iron (hat it colors the clothes, as much as possible should be removed. Dis solve one-fourth teaspoon of pow dered alum in one quart of warm water. Stir this thoroughly into 10 gallons of water from which the iron 1c to be removed. Let stand over night. The iron will settle to the bot tom and in the morning the clear water can be poured or siphoned off. Barrels are convenient to use. Mexico Growing The population of Mexico has risen to more than 21,600,000, according to the Mexican statistical office. Thia means that Mexico is the second most populous country in Latin America. Brazil stands first, with 46,000,000 Inhabitants. Since the last national census in 1940, Mexico’s population has increased nearly 2,- 000.000. CONSTIPATION No matter how many medicinee you have tried for constipation, we urge you to try with the understanding that B-L must bring you excellent results or your money back. Caution: Use only as directed. WORtrt IASS 1ST SillfR ATI © N<*f Ftshun Syedote An fcfVi tsvweg DIONNE'QUINTS' promptly relieve coughing of CHEST COLDS WITH MUSTEROLE Read the Ads -TVhSvti** 7 — Fit SUM Mill All Pint If RHEUMATISM NEURITIS-LUMBAGO MCNEIL'S MAGIC REMEDY BRINGS BLESSED RELIEF tars* Betti*!i nMl*l>S- Small Sh* 60c JA CIIIIAI: IK HIT At IIHCHI* U Ul till III! suns u IT IU m mript it pin Mclflt III! M, lac, Jtcmnutl 4, FtllllA FAST RELIEF From Too Frequent Urination, Backache, Run-Down Feeling —due to irritation of the bladder caused hy excess acidity in the urine FamouM doctor's discovery acts on the kidneys and helps keep you from getting up nights! Are you suffering: unnecessary discom fort and distress from backache, burning «rine, frequent desire to pass water? Getting up often at night? These symp toms may be caused by bladder irritation due to excess acid in the urine. Then try that famous doctor’s discovery — DR. KILMER'S SWAMP ROOT. Famous for many years. Swamp Root Is a carefully blended combination of herbs, roots, balsam and other natuial ingre dients. There’s absolutely nothing harsh or habit-forming in this scientific p'repara- tion. Just good ingredients that quickly act on the kidneys to increase the flow of urine and relieve bladder irritation and its uncomfortable, distressing symptoms. You’ll say its marvelous effect is won derful! Send for free, prepaid sample TODAYI Like thousands of others you’ll be glad that you did. Send name and address to Department F, Kilmer & Co., Inc. Box, 1255, Stamford, Conn. Offer limited. Send at once. AU druggists sell Swamp Root. /