The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, October 18, 1940, Image 7

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THE SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1940 Attempts to Solve Farm Pro blems Are - ~' Older Than the Natio n Itself; They Began in Philade Iphia 155 Years Ago ' ' T f\ - / , ** ' &***•**"'£*'“ ” ' J5sa±* 4/^ +- ’ /A 'fayrl- 't &&*•** <*#’* tif -v'tz-zfz? S£.t£c ^Z-.Z-.w -r I fr-i {£*&* ^s-ziZL, I ftIUbJJL **} vsivAf**. . .^<1^. f A*** &*■'**** ySr : * sjuzx. *~f~ +s~*~~~<j c ^ yw.ZL/e) -A *"**' w /XV | * *-«/- ' c j^'iy #: • ' •-; ■ill ■ ' . : ;> - ^ 4 :'r w • \ - vj ■ -.« * First page of .the No. 1 Minute Book of the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, showing the names of the original 23 members. AN APPLE A DAY—SERVED IN A DIFFERENT WAY (See Recipes Below) By ELMO SCOTT WATSON (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) S UCH matters as control ling the ravages of in jurious insects and crop parasites, prevention of soil erosion, control of animal plant diseases, improvement of agricultural implements, extension of crop rotation and promotion of soil man agement may seem to be strictly modern farm prob lems. But, as a matter of fact, they are as old as the United States itself. More than 155 years ago—even be fore Washington’s first in augural—an agricultural so ciety was formed in Philadel phia to study and suggest the solution of these and other pressing farm problems. And, believe it or not, that organ ization is still in existence! It is the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, oldest farm organization in America. Its members today continue to add to the sum of agricultural knowledge as did its pioneer founders a cen tury and a half ago. The story of the origin and development of this society is one of the most ro mantic chapters of agricultural history. With the Revolutionary war successfully concluded and the independence of this country rec ognized by the nations of Europe, leaders throughout the states ex changed their implements of war for the plow. They endeavored to promote a fondness for the pur suits of peace which alone, they knew, would strengthen the young nation. The man who galvanized these ideas into action for the progress of American agriculture was Judge John Beale Bordley. To Philadelphia came Bordley aft er the war from Maryland, where he had played a distinguished part in the life of the colonies. Philadelphia was then the capital of the new republic and as such had the significance of Washing ton today. Representative lead ers from all the states were there helping form the new govern ment. The city was a center from which ideas might be spread throughout the land. Bordley had been judge of the admiralty court in Baltimore, but gave up this post when the Revo lutionary war broke out to de vote himself to his farms. He interested himself in a variety of agricultural pursuits—stock rais ing, fruit growing, tobacco cul ture and farm house construction. When the supplies of the Conti nental army grew scarce, he killed his cattle and sent the beef to Washington. He contributed in other ways to the success of the Colonies. He carried on ex periments in agricultural prac tices and became an apostle of agricultural progress. He had the results of his experiments print ed as broadsides and fastened these on trees where they might be easily seen. Four Signers of Declaration. He associated himself with in fluential people in Philadelphia, among whom he found many who shared his views on the necessity of increasing the knowledge of agriculture. After discussing the project with many of these men, he called a meeting on February 11, 1785. Twenty-three attended and became charter members of the Philadelphia Society for Pro moting Agriculture. Among these were four signers of the Declara tion of Independence — Robert Morris, James Wilson, Dr. Ben jamin Rush and George Clymer. There were seven who had borne artns in the Revolution, including officers such as Gen. John Cad- walader, Col. George Morgan and Col. John Nixon. Soon after the society’s organi zation, two weekly newspapers— Hall and Seller's Gazette and Humphrey’s Mercury—a new pa per giving special attention to ag ricultural matters—offered their co-operation by publishing arti cles on its meetings and activi ties. At one of the earliest meetings — on March 22, 1785—the first con tribution on an agricultural sub ject was offered. It consisted of a letter from John Singleton of Talbot, Md., to his old neighbor, Mr. Bordley, about the chinch bug and how to control it. Sponsored Essay Contests. Because of Judge Bordley’s ad vanced age he declined any of fice in the society when the per manent organization was made. Hence the group elected Samuel Powell as president, Tench Fran cis as treasurer and Timothy Pickering of Salem, Mass., sec retary of state in the national government, as secretary. Car penter’s hall became the regular meeting place. The society’s first major under taking was the sponsoring of es say contests on agricultural sub jects for which substantial prizes were awarded. First prize, in some instances, was a piece of plate valued at $200. Other prizes included gold and silver medals. In the light of present-day ag riculture, the subjects of these es says seem surprisingly current. Apparently they were pressing enough even then to merit spe cial attention. One of them was “The best method of recovering worn - out fields to a hearty (healthy and productive) state within the power of the common JUDGE JOHN B. BORDLEY farmer.” Prophetic as was the vision of the pioneer agricultural leaders comprising the Philadel phia society, they could not fore tell the damage which erosion and poor soil management were to inflict on future American farming. Were these pioneer farm lead ers alive today, they would more than ever preach the necessity for an ever-increasing program of soil conservation and fertiliza tion that would put back into the land the vitally needed nitrogen, phosphorus and potash so waste- fully drained away. They could take comfort in the fact, how ever, that the means of restoring fertility today are amazingly im proved over what they were a century and a half ago. Practi cal results on millions of Ameri can farms have demonstrated that the intelligent use of ferti lizer will increase crops and re plenish the soil’s depleted supply of plant food. The campaign to promote soil conservation which the Philadel phia society sponsored so long ago has enlisted effective support from the United States depart ment of agriculture, from soil scientists, teachers, experimental stations, county agents and ferti lizer manufacturers who are con stantly interpreting to farmers the latest discoveries concerning soil fertility. As with soil improvement, the society encouraged and spurred the development of many other important projects. Among these were the improvement of trans portation and communication so vital to the development of ag ricultural markets, through the building of roads and canals; en couragement of education in vet erinary medicine; the holding of cattle shows and expositions; the development of experimental farms; and the introduction of lime and clover. In 1786 John Bordley submit ted plans and descriptions for a seed drill to plant wheat in clus ters and clumps. About the same time the society gave serious con sideration to the development of a threshing machine to replace trampling by horses and the use of a hand flail. Discuss Experiment Farms. In 1791 a project was proposed that would vitally influence the future progress of American ag riculture. A Mr. DuPlaine of fered his services in the “man agement and culture of a small farm for the sake of making ex periments in husbandry.” The so ciety resolved that “Although they highly approve of the plan for an experimental farm, it would not be convenient at pres ent to carry the same into execu tion.” Today every state has its experimental farms and stations which provide the farmer with an ever-widening knowledge of the soil, of crops and their plant food needs. Of outstanding eminence among early leaders of the society was Judge Richard Peters, who be came president in 1805. The min ute books of the organization’s meetings in that year show that a new type of mold board for a plow, developed by Thomas Jef ferson, was shown to the mem bers. At the same time, Hoxie’s auger for boring post holes, a crude threshing machine invent ed by Deneale, and Henry Cly- mer’s harrow for Indian com were discussed. In the following year President Peters undertook a long series of contributions to the work of the society on the improvement of cattle. Later he presented pa pers on subjects ranging from Barbary sheep, obtained for him in northern Airica by General Eaton, to crop rotation and the natural succession in forests. In the summer of 1822 the so ciety sponsored the first of a se ries of cattle shows and agricul tural exhibits which, in a way, might be called the forerunner of the modem International Live stock exposition in Chicago. Thus through the years has this unique organization functioned to help popularize new ideas for the betterment of American agricul ture. There have, of course, been periods of inactivity and years for which no records are avail able, but by and large the group has succeeded in keeping alive the purposes of its founding fa thers. T HERE is one thing to be said about the Yankees. As a team, win or lose, they have been the most consistent machine of all time. They came up and ruled the game for four years—as a team. When they crashed—they fell apart as a team. No one can look back on the cam paign of 1940 and pick out any Yankee goats. Not one goat or two goats or three goats. They rose and fell together. It was a general and widespread dis integration. Their pitching fell far off from old time form. Their hitting took a terrific slump. Their once almost miraculous defense Grantland Rice developed leaks, fore and aft. No one can throw the blame on Bill Dickey, Red Ruffing, Lefty Go mez, Joe Gordon, Red Rolfe, Frank Crosetti or Joe DiMaggio. They all hit the soapy chute, head md head, arm in arm. Part of this was physical. Part of it was psychological. Part of it was the iron shod turn of nature. There is no such thing as perpetu al motion—upward or downward. Life is so constructed that one learns more from defeat than from victory. This is an invaluable law of com- pensatio’ - . If it weren’t that way, what an upside-down existence this would be. The Yankees, on one side, were assailed by a physical downward drifting—Dickey, Ruffing, Gordon, Gomez and others—stars who had been factors in their phenomenal su premacy. They were attacked on another side by too much success. They were rated 3 to 5 shots against the field as the 1940 season opened. They were kick-ins. This was bound to have a bad effect on the entire team, I mean psychologically. Explaining the Why I have been asked over and over how an entire team could hit the gravel road in a bunch. It wasn’t just a matter of three or four important cogs through the first three months—but Dickey, Ruf fing, Gomez, Gordon, Rolfe, Cro setti, Sundra—to mention only a few. In the first place, don’t forget that the Yankee battery of Ruffing and Dickey was one of the greatest in baseball along with Mathewson and Bresnahan—Johnson and Streit— Brown and Kling—Grove and Coch rane—Waddell and Shreck—Alexan der s id Killifer—on and on. DiMaggio remained the leading factor through the team’s last des perate charge before most of the cast fell apart. Bill Dickey has been a major fac tor for many years. He is a 12-year veteran back of the plate. Dickey is the only catcher in history who ever drove in more than 100 runs four years. Red Ruffing has been one of the most effective pitchers in the old clutch year after year. But Red fin ished with a bad arm after the last World Series and he has never been the old Red since. In fact, one of the smartest base ball experts, I happen to know, still believes that if the Reds had won that fourth game in Cincinnati— which they had bottled up—they might easily have won the series. How? Because Ruffing and Go mez and Pearson all had bad arms and were useless the remainder of the route. The Fire Spreads Here was the triple battery—Ruf fing and Dickey—Gomez and Dick ey—Pearson and Dickey—that large ly through wear and tear—the drift of the years—lost a good part of its effectiveness. From here the fire began to spread to batting eyes. The Yankees demonstrated their old time thunder with the war club, here and there. But all you need do is look at the batting averages, compared to a year ago. Buddy Rosar and Henrich and Sel kirk held their own—or better. Ro sar has turned in a fine assisting job. But no team can have such men as Dickey, Ruffing, Gomez, Pearson, Gordon, Keller and Crosetti take such a dip and still keep winning. Not against such teams as Detroit and Cleveland, who had both the pitching and the hitting, and who were removed from the old Yankee shadow. Looking Them Over Dick Bartell helped to make the Tiger infield. Hank Greenberg again was a major factor at bat, plus high-class work in the field. Schoolboy Rowe came back with a rush—and Buck Newsom was one of the star pitchers of the year. Charlie Gehringer may be slipping after long and brilliant service, but he is still a great ball player. Cleveland in Bob Feller has one of the great pitchers of all time— one who may finish as the greatest If the army doesn’t “interfere." Apples hold a place of well- deserved popularity today, for they have been widely used as food from the earliest times. What other fruit has such a long season, tastes so good, keeps so well, can be served in so many different ways, and yet is relatively inexpensive? Do you want apples for cooking, or for baking? Or do you want them for eating apples or dessert? Apples should be selected according to the purpose for which you are to use them. A good cooking apple should be tart, or at least medium acid, with a juicy, fine-grained flesh. A good cooking apple, however, should have a distinct apple flavor. You are, no doubt, familiar with such names as Rome Beauty, Winesap, Black Twig, Grimes Golden and McIntosh. Have you ever had the sad expe rience of baking apples only to find that they have remained hard and lack juiciness? Or did you use a va riety that became so watery upon baking that you couldn’t quite tell what it was? The Wealthy, McIn tosh, Grimes Golden, Jonathan, Rhode Island Greening or North western Greening, the Rome Beau ty, the Winesap and Black Twig are all varieties of apples which may be used for this purpose. A good dessert apple should have a prominent and distinct apple fla vor, mildly acid, and with a fine- flesh texture. Here again you may select the McIntosh, the Grimes Golden, the Jonathan, the Rome Beauty, the Black Twig, or the Delicious. A bowl of shining apples will ap peal to the children when they come home from school. There will be no need for them to say, "Mom, I’m hungry; what can I have to eat?” The Wealthy, the Delicious, and the Rome Beauty /re all popular eat ing apples. There is nothing more delicious than a baked apple, apple pie, or a raw apple salad, but have you ever tried apples in fritter batter, or com bined them with green peppers for a salad? Here are some such recipes from my own test kitchen which are not only simple to prepare, but also in clude that much-longed for variety in recipes when we have plenty of apples to use. Norwegian Apple Pudding. (Serves 8) 14 pound prunes (about 9) 2 cups cold water 1 inch cinnamon stick 1% cups boiling water % cup cornstarch 1 cup sugar % teaspoon salt 1 tablespoon lemon juice % pound apples (about 3) (quar tered) (cooked in a syrup of % cup water and V* cup sugar) Cover prunes with cold water, bring to a boil, and stew until soft. Remove stones and return the primes, stick cin namon and water to kettie. Add boiling water. Slowly stir in thin paste made of cornstarch, sug ar, salt and a lit tle cold water. Boil 20 minutes, stirring frequent ly. Remove cinnamon stick, and add lemon juice and apples. Place in greased molds and chill. Scalloped Apples de Luxe. (Serves 6 to 8) 2% cups graham crackers (about 26) (crushed) % cup sugar Vt teaspoon cinnamon % teaspoon nutmeg Vt teaspoon salt 4 tablespoons butter (melted) 1 quart apples (6 apples) (sliced) % cup pineapple juice Vi cup marshmallows (quartered) Combine graham cracker crumbs, sugar, spices, salt and butter. Place half of the crumb mixture in a well- greased IVz quart casserole. Add half of the sliced apples, moistened with part of the pineapple juice. Cover with the remaining crumbs, nd top with apple slices. Pour the n a o ne iu'ce over all. Bake cov ered in a moderate oven (350 de grees) for 45 minutes or until applet are tender. Remove the cover. Ar range marshmallows over the top and brown in the oven for 3 to J minutes. Serve with cream. Apple Fritters. (Makes about 12 fritters) 1% cups flour 1% teaspoons baking powder Vi teaspoon salt % cup milk 1 egg (well beaten) 2 apples (medium size) (1 cup, sliced) Mix and sift dry ingredients. Com bine milk and egg, and add to dry ingredients, gradually, stirring con stantly. Wipe, core, and pare ap ples, and cut into eighths and then slice. Stir into the batter. Drop by spoonfuls into deep fat which has been heated to 360 degrees. Fry until golden brown (4 to 5 minutes). Drain on brown paper and sprinkle with powdered sugar. Applesauce Doughnuts. (Makes 2% dozen) 2 tablespoons butter 1% cups brown sugar 2 eggs 1 cup applesauce 4 cups all purpose flour % teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon soda Vi teaspoon nutmeg Vi teaspoon cinnamon 4 teaspoons baking powder Cream butter and add sugar while beating constantly. Beat eggs and add. Add applesauce. Mix and sift together the flour, salt, soda, nut meg, cinnamon, and baking pow der, and add. Roll, cut with dough nut cutter and fry in deep fat (heat ed to 365 degrees). Drain and roll in mixture of powdered sugar and cinnamon. Dixie Apple Sauce Cake. 2 cups cake flour Vi teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon soda 1 teaspoon cinnamon V\ teaspoon cloves V* teaspoon mace 14 cup shortening 1 cup sugar 1 egg (unbeaten) 1 cup seedless raisins 1 cup thick apple sauce Sift dry ingredients. Cream short ening, add sugar gradually and beat well. Add unbeat en egg and rai sins and mix well. Add dry in gredients alter nately with the apple sauce. When thoroughly blended pour into greased loaf pan. Bake in a mod erate oven (350 degrees) for 40 to 50 minutes. Apple Torte. (Serves 5 to 6) 1 egg (beaten) % cup sugar Vi cup flour 1 teaspoon baking powder Vt teaspoon salt 1 tart apple (about 1 cup, cut fine) Vi cup nut meats (cut fine) Beat egg thoroughly and gradual ly add sugar, beating well after each addition. Sift together the flour, baking powder and salt, and fold into the first mixture. Add apple and nut meats cut fine. (If desired, a dash of cinnamon may be added here). Place mixture in a well- greased pie pan and bake in a mod erate oven (350 degrees) for about 40 minutes. FEEDING FATHER Has “Dad” asked you to bake a Deep Dish Apple Pie, or to stir up his favorite Chocolate Cake lately? Probably not, but he will. Once he sees the nice, luscious red apples on the market, and feels a slight tang of frost in the air, he will remember all of his old favorites. Why not be pre pared by having reliable tested recipes of the ones he likes the best? Miss Howe’s book, “Feed ing Father,” will give you just such recipes, and others, includ ing “Spareribs with Apple Stuff ing," “Mulligan Stew” and “Eng lish Currant Bread.” You may secure your copy by writing to Eleanor Howe, 919 North Michi gan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, en closing 10 cents, in coin. (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT PEARLS “Fortunes Made—Pearl fishing in rivers, streams.” Many pearls bring $10,000 each. Casy to learn. Book contains complete in struction, locations. $1.00. Shear Pearl In dustries. 181 Thompson St.,New York City. Thought and Feeling Thought convinces; feeling per suades. If imagination furnishes the fact with wings, feeling, is the great, stout muscle which plies them, and lifts him from the ground. Thought sees beauty; emo tion feels it.—Theodore Parker. Relief At Last For Your Cough Creomulsion relieves promptly be cause It goes right to the seat of the trouble to help loosen and expel germ laden phlegm, and aid nature to soothe and heal raw, tender, in flamed bronchial mucous mem branes. Tell your druggist to sell you a bottle of Creomulsion with the tin derstanding you must like the way it quickly allays the cough or you are to have your money back. CREOMULSION for Coughs, Chest Colds, Bronchitis Simple Charm Take into your new sphere of labor . .. that simple charm (love) and your lifework must succeed. You can take nothing greater, you need take nothing less.—Drum mond. Why Let Yourself Get Constipated ? v; Why endure those dull headachy days due to constipation, plus the inevitable trips to the medicine chest, If you can avoid both by getting at the cause of the trouble ? If your constipation, like that of millions, is due to lack of “bulk” In the diet, the “better way” is to eat Kellogg’s All-Bran. This crunchy toasted breakfast cereal Is the ounce of prevention that’s worth a pound of emer gency relief. It helps you not only to get regular but to keep regular, day after day and month after month, by the pleasantest means you ever knew. Eat Kellogg’s All-Bran regu larly, drink plenty of water, and see if you don’t forget all about constipation. Made by Kellogg’! in Battle Creek. If your condition is chronic, It is wise to consult a physician. Happiness a Twin All who joy would win must • share it—happiness was bom a twin.—Byron. F | RST CHOICE OF MILLIONS. Tcf THEIR FIRST THOUGHT 1 FOR SIMPLE HEADACHE. 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