Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE SUN. NEWBERRY, S. C FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1940. Slip Is Dart-Fitted To Slenderize One p\ESIGNED especially for large sizes, this slip (1821-B) as sures a perfection to fit that you can’t otherwise achieve. Not that it is difficult to make. In fact, it’s very simple. But skillful de signing has placed darts under the arms, to give ease and not a trace of looseness or bulkiness over the bust. Darts at the waistline mold it into your figure, a smooth silken sheathe beneath your fitted dresses. You can make it either strap style or with built-up shoul ders. Pattern provides for both. You’ll want a whole wardrobe of such slips, light and dark, and now’s the time to make them, when you can get grand values in the fabric sales—luxurious pure dye satins and lingerie crepes. You can afford long-wearing luxury fabrics, when you make your own. Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1821-B is designed for sizes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, and 52. 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GEE L SUPER-MEDICATED--/ PENETRO mODERHIZE Whether you’re planning a party or remodeling a room you shoald follow the advertisements... to learn what’s new... and cheaper... and better. And the place to find out about new things is right here in this newspaper. Its columns are filled with important messages which you should read regularly. Recent Order Retiring Some of Army's Mules Recalls Valuable Services of Pack Trains in Indian-Fighting Days Two packers in Gen. George Crook’s army during the Sioux Indian war of 1876-77 “cinching up” a pack-mule. (From a photograph by Stanley J. Morrow; courtesy, University of South Dakota museum.) By ELMO SCOTT WATSON (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) T HE “streamlining” of our regular army, now in rapid process, may be necessary to keep pace with the demands of modern warfare, but as a result of it there’s a glum group of men among our soldiers these days. They are the “mule- skinners,” men who have charge of the long-eared quadrupeds used by the ma chine gun, howitzer and head quarters companies of the various infantry regiments in the new “streamlined” in fantry divisions — the First, in the East; the Second, in Texas and the Southwest; the Third, on the Pacific coast; and the Fifth, in the Middle West. They have been ordered to turn in all of their animals to the quartermaster’s depart ment as a result of the com plete motorization of these regiments which will speed up their tactical movements from IVi miles per hour to 35 miles per hour and the same fate is in store for the mules in other infantry divisions as they become motorized. What is to be done with these faith ful beasts has not yet been determined by the quarter master-general, but it is cer tain that henceforth the mule- drawn machine gun cart in Uncle Sam’s army will be a thing of the past. Hereafter recruits will learn the care of motors in stead of mules ^nd as a result a favorite army joke will have to be revised. For years there has been a saying among the doughboys that the “mule- skinners” have associated with their cantankerous charges for so long that not only their dispositions but also their facial characteris tics came to resemble those of the mules. This does not mean, however, that the “army mule” is a vanish ing American. Take the word of Maj.-Gen. Daniel Van Voorhis for that! He has been in the cav alry for almost 40 years and he also organized and commanded the modern mechanized Seventh Cavalry brigade at Fort Knox. He believes that the day will never come when an army can get along without mules and horses and rely solely upon motors. Speedy and efficient though trucks and other motorized vehicles may be, they can never entirely replace the surefooted and enduring hy brids when munitions and sup plies are to be transported over certain types of terraine. Crook’s Pack Train Famous. Whatever the future of the army mule may be, he has al ready won a permanent and hon orable place in the military his tory of our country. Especially was this true during the Indian campaigns in the West and the literature of that era is filled with references to the pack trains of mules and their masters, the “packers,” which accompanied most of the army expeditions against the redskins. Outstand ing among the successful Indian- fighters was Gen. George Crook and no little part of his success was due to his recognition of the value of a good pack train and his determination to have one of the best. He began developing this invaluable adjunct to the forces under his command during the Apache campaigns in Arizona in the early seventies and some of the best descriptions of the opera tion of an army pack train are to be found in the book “On the Bor der with Crook” (published by Charles Scribner’s Sons in 1891), by Capt. John G. Bourke, who writes: “General Crook was at all times anxious to secure for his men while on campaign all the neces saries of life, and to do that he knew from his very wide experi ence that there was nothing to compare to a thoroughly organ ized and well-equipped pack train, which could follow a command by night or by day, and into every locality, no matter how rocky, how thickly wooded, or how hope lessly desert. He made the study of pack trains the great study of his life, and had always the sat isfaction of knowing that the trains in the department under his control were in such admir able condition, that the moment h-ouble was threatened in other sections, his pack trains were se lected as being best suited for the most arduous work . . . “The idea upon which Crook worked, and which he success fully carried out, was to select trains under the pack-masters who had enjoyed the widest expe rience, and were by nature best adapted to the important duties they would be called upon to per form. Those who were too much addicted to alcoholic stimulants, or were for other causes unsuited, were as opportunity presented re placed by better material. As with the men, so with the ani mals; the ill-assorted collection of bony giants and undersized Sonora ‘rats,’ whose withers were always a mass of sores and whose hoofs were always broken and out of sorts, were as speedily as pos sible sold off or transferred to other uses, and in their places we saw trains of animals which in weight, size and build, were of the type which experience had shown to be most appropriate. “The ‘aparejos’ or pack-cush ions, formerly issued by the quar termaster’s department, had been GEN. GEORGE CROOK burlesques, and killed more mules than they helped in carrying their loads. Crook insisted upon having each mule provided with an ‘aparejo’ made especially for him, saying that it was just as ridiculous to expect a mule to carry a burden with an ill-fitting ‘aparajeo’ as it would be to expect a soldier to march comfortably with a knapsack which did not fit squarely to his back and shoul ders. Every article used in these pack trains had to be of the best materials, for the very excellent reason that while out on scout, it was impossible to replace any thing broken, and a column might be embarrassed by the failure of a train to arrive with ammu nition or rations—therefore, on the score of economy, it was bet ter to have all the very best make in the first place . . . Wise Old Mules. “The old mules of a train know their business perfectly well. They need no one to show them where their place is when the evening’s ‘feed’ is to be appor tioned on the canvas and in every way deport themselves as sedate, prim, well-behaved members of society, from whom all vestiges of the frivolities of youth have been eradicated. They never wander from the sound of the be.T, and give no trouble to the pack ers ‘on herd.’ “But a far different story must be told of the inexperienced, skittish young mule, fresh from the blue grass of Missouri or Nebraska. He is the source of more profanity than he is worth, and were it not that the Recording Angel understands the aggrava tion in the case, he would havce his hands full in entering all the ‘cuss words’ to which the green pack mule has given rise. He will not mind the bell, will wan der away from his comrades on herd and in sundry and divers ways demonstrates the perversity of his nature. To contravene his maliciousness, it is necessary to mark him in such a manner that every packer will see at a glance that he is a new arrival, and thereupon set to work to drive him back to his proper place in his own herd. The most certain, as it is the most convenient way to effect this, is by neatly reach ing his mane and shaving his tail so that nothing is left but a pen cil or tassel of hair at the ex treme end. He is now known as a ‘shave-tail’ and everybody can recognize him at first sight. His sedate and well-trained comrade is called a ‘bell-sharp.’ “These terms, in frontier sar casm, have been transferred to officers of the army who, in the parlance of the packers, are known as ‘bell-sharps’ and ‘shave tails,’ respectively, the former being the old captain or field of ficer of many ‘fogies,’ who knows too much to be wasting his ener gies in needless excursions about the country, and the latter, the youngster fresh from his studies on the Hudson (at West Point), who fondly imagines he knows it all, and is not above having peo ple know that he does He is a ‘shave-tail’—all elegance of uni form, spick-span new, well groomed, and without sense enough to come in for ‘feed’ wher the bell rings . . . An Animated Sight. “There are few more animated sights than a pack train at the moment of feeding and grooming the mules. The care shown equals almost that given to the average baby, and the dumb animals seem to respond to all attentions. General Crook kept himself post ed as to what was done to every mule, and, as a result, had the satisfaction of seeing his trains carrying a net average of 320 pounds to the mule, while a pam phlet issued by the government had explicitly stated that the high est average should not exceed 175 pounds. Sc that, viewed in the most sordid light, the care which General Crook bestowed upon his trains yielded wonderful results. Not a day passed that the general did not pass from one to two hours in personal inspec tion of the workings of his trains, and he has often since told me that he felt then the great respon sibility of having his transporta tion in the most perfect order, because so much was to be de manded of it. “The packers themselves were an interesting study, drawn as they were from the four corners of the earth, although a majority of them, as was to be expected, were of Spanish-American origin. Not an evening passed on this trip across the mountains of the Mo- gollon range that Crook did not quietly take a seat close to the camp fire of some of the packers and listen intently to their remin iscences of early mining days in California or ‘up on the Frazer in British Columbia.’ ‘Hank 'n Yank,’ Tom Moore, Jim O’Neill, Charlie Hopkins, Jack Long, Long Jim Cook, and others, were ‘forty- niners’ and well able to discuss the most exciting times known to the new Pactolus, with its accom panying trying days of the vigi lance committee and other epi sodes of equal interest. These were ‘men’ in the truest sense of the term; they had faced all per ils, endured all privations and conquered in a manly way, which is one unfailing test of graitness in human nature.” After his successful campaigns against the Apaches in Arizona, Crook, in 1875, was transferred to the command of the Depart ment of the Platte and the next year, in his expedition against the Sioux and Cheyennes, proved how valuable a well-organized pack train is. After the disaster to Gen. George A. Custer and his Seventh cavalry on June 25, 187'3, the forces of General Crook and Gen. Alfred H. Terry, Custer’s superior officer, united to pursue the hostiles. “In two things the column from the Yellowstone (Terry’s com mand) was sadly deficient: in cavalry and in rapid transporta tion” writes Bourke. “The Sev enth cavalry was in need cl re organization, half of its original numbers having been killed or wounded in the affair of the Big Horn; the pack-train, made up, as it necessarily was, of animals taken out of the traces of the heavy wagons, was the saddest burlesque in that direction which it has ever been my lot to wit ness—for this no blame was as- cribable to Terry, who was do ing the best he could with the means allowed him in Washing ton . . . Crook’s pack-train was a marvel of system; it main tained a discipline much severer than had been attained by any company in either column; under the indefatigable supervision of Tom Moore, Dave Mears and oth ers, who had had an experience of more than a quarter of a cen tury, our mules moved with a precision to which the worn-out comparison of ‘clockwork’ is just ly adapted. On the first day’s march, after meeting Crook, Ter ry’s pack-train dropped, lost or damaged more stores than Crook’s command had spoiled from the same causes from the time when the campaign commenced.” But lest this unfavorable com ment on the efficiency of the pack-train of a rival outfit be ascribed to the natural prejudice of an officer for his commander whom he admired and respected, as Captain Bourke did General Crook, let it be added that an even severer criticism was ut tered by an officer in the Sev enth cavalry. He was the late “Cinching up” a pack mule— from a drawing by Frederic Rem ington, illustrating “On Frontier Service,” by Lieut. G. W. Van Deusen in the Outing Magazine, December, 1895. Gen.‘Hugh L. Scott, who as a young lieutenarrt fresh from West Point (a “shave-tail”), joined the Seventh a few weeks after the disaster to Custer. Two years later young Scott was stationed with his regiment in the Black Hills when General Sheridan arrived to locate the new post of Fort Meade. In his book “Some Memories of a Sol dier” (published by the Century company in 1928) General Scott writes: Custer’s Train a “Disgrace.” “The Seventh cavalry officers all made an official call on Gen eral Sheridan in a body in the tent of our colonel (Samuel Stur gis). It was a large hospital tent, but it was so full and my rank so low I could not get entirely in side. Sheridan expatiated upon the value such a post would have, when Indians broke away from the Nebraska agencies and went north toward the camp of Sit ting Bull; a telegram to Fort Meade, he said, would enable a cavalry force to head them off here. I took my courage in hand and asked if he thought that post would be any good here without a pack-train. Instead of having me thrown out, it seemed to strike him just right, for he turned to our colonel, saying: ‘Sam, do you want a pack-train? I’ll give you one.’ “The Seventh cavalry had nev er had a real pack-train before, because General Terry thought you could catch Indians with a six-mule team, though he never did it himself. Whenever we en countered cavalry from General Crook’s department of the Platte, away from our wagons, the dif ference was painfully evident, for General Crook was the father of the modern aparajo train. Cus ter’s train was a disgrace, impro vised from the mules taken from the wagon-train and his packers were without experience. His train was scattered for miles and could easily have been captured had the Indians known about it. “Notwithstanding frugal quar termaster - gene-als, the Fort Meade pack-train given us by General Sheridan in 1878 survived even the penurious General Batcheler, who stripped the army of mules, and this train even sur vived the retrenchment after the Spanish-American war. It was sent to the Mexican border in 1912, when the chief packer called on me at San Antonio, and that train serves the cavalry on the border to this day. 1 used to love every mule in it, long ago.” CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT BABY CHICKS wm CA.HC* cmcjts per 100. Write at once for detailed informa tion. MILFORD HATCHERY. Rockoale. Md., Pikesville P. O. BABY CHICKS (Mbtad HmvIm) No Cripples 1 No Culls 1 We guarantee Lire Delivery 1 We pay postage. 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