McCormick messenger. (McCormick, S.C.) 1902-current, August 24, 1939, Image 6
McCORMICtf MESSENGER. McCORMICK. S. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 24, 1939
eautiful Crocheted
Doilies for the Table
Pattern 1935
Add that touch of luxury that
marks a well-kept home. Crochet
a large lace doily for a center-
piece—a large and two medium-
sized ones for buffet set—three
sizes repeated for a luncheon set I
The large doily measures 18
inches, the medium one 12 inches
and the small 6 inches. Pattern
1935 contains directions for mak
ing doilies; illustrations of them
and of stitches; materials re
quired; photograph of doily.
Send 15 cents in coins for this
pattern to The Sewing Circle Nee-
dlecraft Dept., 82 Eighth Ave.,
New York.
TAKE FOR
MALARIA
Get Relief From Chills and
Fever!
Don't put up with terrible Malaria.
Don’t endure the wracking rfiiii*
and fever.
At first sign of the dread disease,
take Grove’s Tasteless Chill Tonic.
A real Malaria medicine. Made
especially for the purpose. Contains
tasteless quinidine and iron.
Grove's Tasteless Chill Tonic ac
tually combats Malaria infection in
the blood. Relieves the awful chills
and fever. Helps you feel better
fast.
Thousands take Grove’s Tasteless
Chill Tonic for Malaria and swear
by it. Pleasant to take, too. Even
children take it without a whimper.
Don’t suffer and suffer. At Ma
laria’s first sign, take Grove’s
Tasteless Chill Tonic. At all drug
stores. Buy the large size as it gives
you much more for your money.
Absence as a Wind
Absence diminishes little pas
sions and increases great ones, as
the wind extinguishes candles and
fans a fire.—La Rochefoucauld.
MEDICATED PROTECTION
AGAINST CHAFE IRRITATIONS
Relieves bq soothing-cools prkklq heat rashes
MEXICANhEmPOWDER
Aiding the Foe
O that men should put an enemy
in their mouths, to steal away
their brains!—Shakespeare.
bloodshot eye*
are relieved in one day by
Leonardi’s Golden Eye Lotion.
No other eye remedy in the
world as cooling, healing and
strengthening for weak eyes.
LEONARDI’S
GOLDEN EYE LOTION
MAKES WSAK EYES STRONG
Sew Large Site with Dropper—SO eemte
Worse for the Punishment
If punishment reaches not the
mind—it hardens the offender.—
Locke.
AT
eooo
otso
irons
RHEUMATISMSgo
WATCH
Y OU con depend on the
special sales the
merchants of our town
announce in the columns
of this paper. They mean
money saving to our
readers. It always pays to
patronize the merchants
who advertise. They are
not afraid of their mer
chandise or their prices.
A *
THE SPECIAlJ]
Recent Change in Louisiana Chief Executives
Recalls Some of the Picturesque 'Governors'
Who Ruled That Spanish-French-American State
The Place d’ Armes where Governor Galvez made his stirring appeal for French volunteers to enlist for serv
ice against the British. The buildings shown are (left to right) the Cabildo, the St. Louis cathedral, the Presby
tery and the Pontalba apartment. In the foreground is Jackson square and a replica of the famous “rocking horse”
statue of “Old Hickory.”
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
T HE recent resignation of Gov. Richard W. Leche of
Louisiana and the consequent installation of Lieut.-Gov.
Earl K. Long in the executive mansion at Baton Rouge,
once occupied by his brother, Huey P. Long, have added an
other chapter to the colorful, and frequently turbulent, history
of the chief executives of the Pelican state. It began while
Louisiana was a French colony, it continued under Spanish
domination and it characterized the early years, as well as the
more recent ones, under the American flag.
If the redoubtable “King-
fish, ,, when he was governor,
ruled Louisiana more like the
dictator of a totalitarian
country than the duly elected
head of an American com
monwealth, he was only fol
lowing in the footsteps of a
predecessor — an Irish ad
venturer who, paradoxically,
was the “Spanish governor”
of Louisiana just 170 years
ago. His name was Alexan
der O’Reilly.
O’Reilly was born in the Em
erald Isle in 1725 and at an early
age enlisted in the army of
Spain. He fought in Italy dur
ing the War of the Austrian Suc
cession and later served in the
armies of France and Austria.
Then he returned to the Spanish
army and was made commander
of a brigade. Next he was sent
to Cuba to repair and improve
the fortifications of Havana and
for his work there he was made
inspector-general. He returned
to Madrid in 1765, just in time to
help thwart a plot against King
Charles III and aid in saving the
life of that monarch who soon had
an opportunity to show his grati
tude to the Irishman and reward
him accordingly.
By the Treaty of Paris of 1762-
63 between France, England and
Spain, France was forced to sur
render to England not only Can-
bda, but also that part of old
Louisiana lying east of the Missis
sippi, with the exception of the
“island of Orleans” in which was
included the city of New Orleans,
the capital of the colony.
Ceded to Spain.
The “island of Orleans” and
all of Louisiana west of the Mis
sissippi was ceded to Spain, osten-
sibTy as a free gift from France.
In reality, of course, France was
giving this country to Spain to
keep it from falling into the
hands of the English and with the
hope, which was later realized, *
of getting it back again.
Although France thus ceded the
principal part of Louisiana to
Spain in 1762-63, it was not until
March, 1766, that Don Antonio
de Ulloa arrived in New Orleans
to supersede Aubrey, the French
governor. But the inhabitants of
Louisiana were not especially
happy over the transfer of their
country without their consent and
the result was a revolution
against the new rulers. In Oc
tober, 1768, the superior council
in New Orleans decreed the ex
pulsion of Ulloa, who fled to
Havana.
When King Charles III of Spain
learned of this, he determined to
crush the rebels and he picked
General O’Reilly for the task.
He appointed the Irishman gover
nor of Louisiana, gave him an
army of 2,600 picked men and a
fleet of 24 ships.
O’Reilly reached New Orleans
on August 18, 1769, and at once
issued a proclamation in which
he declared that only those who
had headed the movement against
the Spanish would be punished.
All of the leaders, 12 in number,
belonged to the nobility but that
did not save them. One, already
taken into custody, died on a
Spanish warship. The others were
courtmartialed and found guilty
and six of them, including La-
freniere, former King’s Attorney-
General in Louisiana, and Milhet,
the wealthiest merchant in New
Orleans, were shot.
Next O’Reilly dissolved the old
superior council of Louisiana and
replaced it with the Spanish su
preme council, or cabildo. He
also put into practice the arbi
trary colonial regulations of
Spain and decreed a new “black
code” which provided the sever
est penalties for all kinds of
offenses.
For a year the people of Louisi
ana suffered under his autocratic
rule. Then he was recalled to
Spain and in 1775 placed in com
mand of an expedition against
Algiers which was unsuccessful.
But he apparently did not lose the
confidence of his monarch for he
was subsequently made com
mander-general of Andalusia and
governor of Cadiz. In 1794, while
he was on his way to assume
command of the army of the east
ern Pyrenees, he died and it is
probable that there was no
mourning in Louisiana when news
of his death reached there.
Quite different was the attitude
of th,e Louisiana citizens, both
French and Spanish, toward the
man who became their governor
in 1777 and their American con
temporaries had a special reason
for remembering him gratefully,
too. For he helped them win
their war for freedom from Eng
land. Bernardo de Galvez was
his name and he was born of a
distinguished and powerful family
at Malaga, Spain, in 1756.
As a youth Bernardo de Galvez
was ambitious to win military
glory and did so on his first expe
dition. Made colonel of the regi-
DON BERNARDO DE GALVEZ
ment of Louisiana, he went to the
colony in America in 1776 and
when Bon Louis Unzaga, who had
succeeded O’Reilly as governor,
asked to be recalled, Galvez,
through his family’s influence,
was appointed to that post, al
though he was then barely 24
years of age.
The young governor promptly
restored to the French colonials
the right to trade with France,
thereby winning their gratitude.
His predecessor had followed a
policy of “benevolent neutrality”
toward the American colonies
who were then in revolt against
England. Galvez not only contin
ued that policy but went farther.'
In 1778 the continental Congress
sent a Captain Willing to New Or
leans to get munitions which the
Patriot army so sorely needed
and Galvez not only permitted the
sale of arms and ammunition to
Willing but contributed $70,000 to
the American cause.
The king of Spain had offered
to mediate in the dispute between
England and her American col
onies and when the offer was
spurned, Spain followed the ex
ample of France and on May 8,
1779, declared war on the Eng
lish. The following July Galvez
received permission from his king
to seize the British forts in Ala
bama, Mississippi and West
Florida.
Galvez called a meeting of the
French inhabitants of New Or-
- leans in the historic Place d’
Armes and as a dramatic gesture
announced that he would re
nounce the governorship if the
natives would not support him in
his expedition against the Eng
lish. Since France had already
joined forces with the Americans,
since there were in New Orleans
many Acadian refugees, who had
good reason to hate the English,
and since the boyish Spanish gov
ernor had endeared himself to the
French in many ways, the young
men of that city didn’t hesitate
long before volunteering to ac
company him.
Rejecting the suggestion that
he wait for reinforcements from
Havana, Galvez, with 670 men,
Spanish regulars, French Creoles,
Acadians and American volun
teers under Oliver Pollock, seized
the British fort at Manhuac, cap
tured Baton Rouge and received
the surrender of Natchez. The
next year Fort Charlotte at Mo
bile fell.
In 1781, re-enforced by a fleet
and army from Havana, Galvez
attacked Pensacola. When the ,
men-of-war attempted to cross
the bar, however, the San Roman
ran aground and the commander
of the fleet. Commodore Calbo de
Irazabel, declined to risk any
more of his frigates.
A Bold Exploit.
Galvez, who realized the im
portance of having the fleet to be
assured of arms and food on St.
Rosa island, his base, resolved
to shame the commodore into co
operating. He embarked, there
fore, on the brig Galveston, com
manded by Rosseau, a Creole,
and raised his pennant on the
brig. Followed by a schooner
and two gunboats, he boldly en
tered the port and acted with
sublj, valor that the main squad
ron^ followed the next day and
safely crossed the bar.
After several months’ siege.
Fort George and Fort Red Cliff
were taken and the way to the
main defenses of Pensacola
opened. A terrific bombardment
was continued until an explosion
made a great breach in the walls.
Then a storming party rushed in
and compelled the surrender of
General Campbell with his garri
son of 800 regulars.
' As a reward for Galvez’s bril
liant success, the king made him
lieutenant-general of Louisiana,
the Floridas, East and West, and
Cuba. He was also given the roy
al permission to place upon his
coat of arms a figure of the brig,
Galveston, with the motto “Yo
Solo” (I Alone). In 1785 he was
made viceroy of Mexico to suc
ceed his father. He died there in
1786 after having been viceroy for
only a year.
The name of Don Bernardo de
Galvez lives today in the great
city or Galveston, Texas, but
Americans have other reasons
for remembering him. Not only
did he provide the patriot army
with munitions at a time when
they were most needed, but his
conquests of the British posts in
the Southeast prevented their us
ing them as bases of attack on
the Americans in the old North
west in Georgia and the Carolinas.
When the Revolution ended,
had England held the Mississippi
as well as the St. Lawrence the
boundaries of the new nation, as
well as its future destiny, might
have been far different from
what they became. Spain later
ceded Louisiana back to France
and Napoleon Bonaparte sold it
to the United States. England
made one more effort to gain a
foothold on the Gulf of Mexico
when, toward the end of the War
of 1812, she landed an army near
New Orleans. What happened to
it when it attacked Gen. Andrew
Jackson’s army on January 8,
1815, is historv.
The first American governor of
Louisiana, like some of his prede
cessors and some of his succes
sors, had his troubles. And one
of his worst troubles was an in
dividual named Jean Lafitte.
This first governor was William
Charles Cole Claiborne, born in
Sussex county, Virginia, in 1775.
In 1801 his fellow-Virginian, Presi
dent Thomas Jefferson, made him
governor of the Territory of Mis
sissippi and two years later he
was appointed commissioner,
with Gen. James Wilkinson, to
accept the transfer of the Louisi
ana Purchase from the French.
He was appointed governor of the
province of Louisiana for three
years and when it was made a
territory in 1804 he resigned con
trol of Mississippi Territory to
govern the new one.
In 1810 Claiborne took posses
sion of Baton Rouge and Mobile,
which up to that time were still
held by the Spanish, despite the
fact that the French had sold
Louisiana to the United States.
Two years later, by an act of
congress, Louisiana was made a
state and the people of the new
State elected Claiborne as their
first state governor. And then
his troubles began.
The source of these troubles
were two brothers, Pierre La
fitte, and his younger brother,
Jean—two Frenchmen who had
come to New Orleans by way of
the West Indies. At first they
acted as agents for a colony of
smugglers living in the Bay of
Barataria. Then they became
their leaders and moved their
home from New Orleans to the
island, Grand Terre, in the Bay
of Barataria.
From that time on the record
is not entirely clear as to the
exact nature of the Lafittes’ ac
tivities. Jean Lafitte always in
sisted that it was privateering
and that they preyed only upon
ships carrying enemy flags. But
historians are pretty generally
agreed that it was piracy and it
is as “Lafitte the Pirate” that
he has come down in history.
The people of New Orleans
were inclined to view these ac
tivities leniently—they enjoying
being able to buy all sorts of
goods at a l^wer price than that
charged by more ethical vend
ers of merchandise than the La
fittes. But Governor Claiborne
was not inclined to wink at such
goings-on within his jurisdiction.
So on November 24, 1813, he
posted his famous proclamation
offering a reward for the cap
ture of “Jean Lafitte, pirate.”
Two days later Jean Lafitte, clev
erly using the same language as
the chief executive of the state,
posted a proclamation offering a
reward of $1,000 for the delivery
of Governor Claiborne at Grand
Terre! Thereupon New Orleans
shook with laughter. But not
Governor Claiborne.
He saw to it that all of the
Baratarians were indicted for pi
racy and when Pierre Lafitte was
caught in New Orleans, he was
held without bail. When he came
to trial, however, two famous at
torneys whom Jean Lafitte had
hired for a fee of $20,000 suc
ceeded in getting him acquitted.
Soon afterwards, however, pub
lic opinion changed and plans
were made to wipe out the nest
of pirates in the Bay of Barata
ria. Pierre Lafitte was again ar
rested and this time he was kept
in jail.
Then came the invasion of the
British army, Jean Lafitte’s of
fer of his services and those of
his men to the American cause,
the effort of British officers to
enlist the services of the Bara
tarians and Jean Lafitte’s clever
bit of double-crossing of them. He
sent Governor Claiborne news of
the British proposition and re
newed his offer to serve the
Americans. As a result Pierre
Lafitte was allowed to escape
from jail and the Lafittes and
their Baratarians served valor-
ously in Jackson’s army which
whipped Pakenham’s redcoats at
the historic Battle of New Or
leans on January 8, 1815. As a
result of this patriotic service
Jean Lafitte and his followers
were legally forgiven by the fed
eral government and reinstated
to American citizenship.
Presumably they were forgiv
en by Governor Claiborne, too.
At least he was troubled no more
by the Lafittes who established a
pirate colony near Galveston,
Texas, then ruled by the Span
ish. In 1816 Governor Claiborne
was elected United States sena
tor but died in New Orleans on
November 23, 1817, before he was
able to take office.
CLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT
AGENTS
Merchants—Canvassers—New profits: mill
ends 4c yd. up; sheeting 3c yard; full size
unbleached sheets 30c; quilt scrap bundles
16c;start with $2 sample order; money-
back guarantee. Harry Sunshine, Textile
Products, 36 Alabama St.. AUanta, Ga.
OLD COINS
COINS WANTED. Gold, silver, copper.
Tell me what you have. L. E. ELLISON,
Box 497. Birmingham. Alabama.
POULTRY
BRED FOR PRODUCTION: Ducks
RAISED FOR PROFIT: Chicks
SOLD BY QUALITY: Turkeys
STARTED CHICKS: Pullets
MILFORD HATCHERY
Rockdale, IVId.
Pikesville P. O.
Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle, one of the sev
eral royal palaces of Great Brit
ain, together with its many build
ings, parks and forests, occupies
an area of 13,000 acres and is 56
miles in circumference. Its main
tenance and ceremonies, even
when the king and his family are
not in residence, require a staff
of more than 4,000 servants.—Col
lier’s.
Have you noticed that in hot
weather your digestion and elimina
tion seem to become torpid or lazy?
Your food sours, forms gas, causes
belching, heartburn, and a feeling
of restlessness and irritability. Your
tongue may be coated, your com
plexion bilious, and your bowel
action sluggish or insufficient.
These are some of the symptoms
of biliousness or so-called “Torpid
Liver," so prevalent in hot climates.
They call for calomel, or better still,
Calotabs, the nausealess calomel
compound tablets that make calo
mel-taking a pleasure.
Calotabs give you the effects ,af
calomel and salts combined, helping
Nature to expel the sour, stagnant
bile and washing it out of the
system. One or two Calotabs at bed
time with a glass of water,—that’s
all. Next morning your system feels
clean and refreshed, your head is
clear, your spirit bright, and you are
feeling fine with a hearty appetite
for breakfast. Eat what you wish
and go about your work or pleasure.
Genuine Calotabs are sold only In
checker-board (black and white) pack
ages bearing the trade mark ‘‘Calotabs.**
Refuse Imitations. Trial package only
ten cents; family package twenty-five
cents, at your dealer’s (Adv.)
Intellectual Whetstones
As diamond cuts diamond, and
one hone smooths a second, all
the parts of intellect are whet
stones to each other; and genius,
which is but the result of their
mutual sharpening, is character,
too.—Bartol.
How Women
in Their 40’s
Can Attract Men
Here’s good advice (or a woman during her
change (usually from 38 to &2), who lean
she’ll lose her appeal to men, who worries
about hot flashes, loss of pep, dixzy spells,
upset nerves and moody spells.
Get more fresh air, 8 nrs. sleep and if you
need a good general system tonic take Lydia
E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, made
especially for women. It helps Nature build
up physical resistance, thus helps give more
vivacity to enjoy life and assist calnupg
jittery nerves and disturbing symptoms tEai
often accompany change of life. WELL
WORTH TRYING1
A Loving Thought
Instead of a gem or even a flow
er, cast the gift of a loving thought
into the heart of a friend.—George
McDonald.
Friendship Improves
Friendship often ends in love;
but love in friendship never.—Col
ton.
be miserable with
MALARIA
and COLDS wRen
;r will check MALARIA fast and
The sun, shining through a glass
ornament, set fire to a woman’s
hat.—News item. A “reflection”
on the bat?
Black <§
Leaf 40
JUST A
DASH IN FEATHERS..
= OUft =
"Cap-Brush"Applicator ,
makes "BLACK LEAF ‘
GO MUCH FARTHBt
WNU—7
34—39
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