Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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McCORMICK MESSENGER. McCORMICK. SOUTH CAROLINA Thursday, February 9, 1939 The Brooding And Care Of Chicks The following article was pre pared by Miss Eleanor Carson. Extension Poultry Specialist, Win- throp College, and is information to all poultry raisers. ' preparing for the Chicks—In 'chick ‘ raising, prevention of trouble and disease is better than any remedies afterwards. Preven tion depends on adopting a defi nite plan of sanitation and carry ing it out. Clean, healthy stock is tiie key to success in Poultry man agement. The 6 essential points 4n growing healthv chicks ar^ • tl. CLEAN CHICKS—Frog* fJocks free of Pullorum disease. 2. EARLY HATCHED CHICKS— Place your order early with your nearest reliable hatchery so as to get chicks on date you want them. Get chicks in February or March if you want the pullets to corr.e in to" production in the early fall when the egg prices start rising. 3. CLEAN BROODER HOUSE— Thoroughly clean and scrape the .*■ house. Scrub floor and walls and equipment, using one can lye to 15 'gallons hot’water. Let dry, then spray house and equipment with * an approved disinfectant. Then move house to clean ground. Clean It every two or three days all dur ing the brooder season. 4. CLEAN GROUND—Land not used for poultry for 3 years nor fertilized with poultry manure. Should be planted and some green stuff growing on it. 5. CLEAN FEED—All feed should be in clean hoppers that the chicks cannot get into. C. CLEAN* MANAGEMENT— Keep clean shavings or straw on brooder house, essential. Have it in operation 2 t- 3 days'before the chicks come, in order to see that it is working well and to get the temperature of the huose regulated. Place a row of bricks flat around side of brooder in order to keep chicks from packing against it at night. THERMOMETER — Whatever type brooder is used, a thermome ter is indispensable. For hover type brooders, place thermometer under outer rim cf hover 2” above the floor and keep the tempera ture at approximately 95 degrees. For the brick brooder place the thermometer 2 ft. away from the side of the furnace, 2” above the floor. Keep it about 90 degrees to 95 degrees. A room temperature of 70 degrees to 75 degrees should be kept. Watch the chicks to see whether they are comfortable or not. Both chilling and overheat ing will cause trouble. After the first week to ten days reduce tem perature about 5 degrees a week until 70 degrees is reached and keep it at this temperature as long as heat is necessary. HOPPERS—Have enough hop pers and waterers to keep chicks from crowding. Allow one 4-ft. hopper for every 100 chicks. If small ones are used allow one hole for every two chicks. Whatever type hopper is used, home-made or bought, it should have an adjusta ble reel to keep the chicks out of the feed and a lip on the inner edge to keep from wasting. Dimensions for making a hopper 4ft. long; bottom 4” wide; sides 2” high; ends 5” high. Pivot reel over top. Strip of molding 1-4” wide on inner edges to form a lip. WATERERS — Different types can be used. The screw top type o*e in which a large jar is screwed is inexpensive and easy to clean. the noor of the ^bjo?der n01 -J se 'Q et on ' e of this.type for every 25 just enough to make the cleaning L^icks Place waterers on a stand easy. Clean the floor and change. ^ cover with 1-2” mesh the Utter every two to three days v , flrriwapil rloth Use only dean until the chicks are 8 to 10 weeks WANT ADV. Your photograph made and finished in 3 minutes. 3 photos for 10 cents. Doubles, 2 for 10 cents. Monarch, in McCain’s Furniture Store, McCormick, S. C. I will buy, and pay cash for, Old Cameras and Folding Kodaks in any condition. Bring them to Monarch, in McCain’s Furniture Store, McCormick, S. C. Plenty of Mules and Horses for sale or trade. Come to see me. J. L. Smith, McCormick. S. C. —-7, AMA1ENS AMERICA old. This helps to prevent cocci- diosis. Take every precaution to avoid bringing in disease to the chicks from outside yards. One caring for both old stock and chicks should keep a bag soaked in a coal tstr disinfectant, at the door of the brooder house or at the gate. Rub shoes on bag before entering chick yard or house. This often saves a serious outbreak of disease. Begin the brooding season with strong, early hatched, vigorous chicks. It is then largely a matter of- proper management and sani tation in order to keep them strong and healthy. THE BROODER HOUSE—Have house and brooder ready at least two weeks before chicks arrive, so as tc get it thoroughly dry. Place the house on well drained, clean ground, facing south or southeast. Allow one square foot of floor space in the house for every two chicks. Never overcrowd the house for higher mortality will result from overcrowding. The 10’ x 12’ shedroof brooder house given in Clemson Circular 116 is the type recommended for South Carolina. The house should be built exactly according to the instructions as given in this circular, so as to get the proper light and ventilation without drafts. The shed-roof house is less drafty than other types. Cement, wood, or earth floors may be used. If earth is used, pack the floor of the house so that it will be one foot above the ground outside. The floor must be thoroughly dry before chicks are put on it. Cut off the corners of the house with wire or boards to prevent chicks crowding into them. CLEAN BROODER HOUSE—In using a new brooder house, be sure to disinfect it with a good disin fectant. For cleaning a brooder house that has been used before, the following suggestions are made: (1) Thoroughly clean and scrape house; (2) Scrub floor and walls with boiling lye water, using 1 lb. to 35 gals, water; (3) Leave house to dry 2 or 3 days; (4) Be sure that all equipment is thoroughly cleaned and disin fected; (5) Spray house and equip xnent with approved disinfectant— crude carbolic acid (2 parts to 50 parts water); any good coal tar disinfectant, or equal parts kero sene and burnt motor oil may be used as a spray; (6) then, move house to clean grounds. LITTER—Cover the floor 4 or 5 Inches deep with a good litter, such as shavings. Care should be used in keeping fire from falling on the litter. For the first week it is well to use clean sacks on the floor over the litter, turning them hardware cloth. Use only clean fresh water and do not use all kinds of disinfectants in it. FEEDING THE CHICKS—There are a number of successful methods of feeding chicks. Select the one that suits you best and do not vary from it. Chicks should be fed as soon as they are put in brooder house and the mash left before them all the time thereafter. A satisfactory all mash ration for the first 10-12 weeks is: Yellow com meal 55 lbs. Wheat middlings 25 lbs. Meat scraps or fish meal — 15 lbs. Dried buttermilk __ 5 lbs. Salt — 1 lb * When chicks are kept indoors and cannot get into the sunshine add 1-4 pint standard cod-liver oil or its equivalent to each 100 lbs. of the ration. This is always advisable for very early hatched chicks. After the chicks can be gotten into the direct sunshine for awhile each day, the use of the cod-liver oil in the ration will not be necessary. (Note-Standard cod-liver oil contains 85 units of vitamin D per gram). Skim milk or buttermilk is given at all times. Some fine oyster shells may be kept before them and green feed once a day after chicks are 4 or 5 days old. CHICK RUN—A small wired in run should be provided. One 20' x 30’ planted in green is sufficient until the chicks are 12 weeks old. PERCHES—Put perch poles in the house when the chicks are a- bout 4 weeks old. A few will start using them then. SELL SURPLUS COCKERELS wh§n the chicks are 1 1-2 to 2 lbs. in size and prepare to put the pul lets on range. RECORDS—Keep careful and rccurate records on your chicks. It is only in this way that you can kn6w definitely how you came out on them. Remember! SANITATION is the password to SUCCESS in chick raising. Matilda Bell, Co. Home Demonstration Agent. X Beautification It is February, the coldest month in the year, but we can sit by the fire and plan work for the year . . records for the farm, household, yard and garden activities are planned, and we take a systematic look ahead. We make an inventory and be gin to study plans for the ar rangement of every feature of these lines of work. The most important factor in our flower garden project is the _ length of the blooming season. every other day. Discontinue use j We can have flowers almost every of the sacks at the end of the first month in the year. Usually there week. Change the litter in the house every 2 or 3 days. BROODER—A reliable brooder is is one month when the gardens are bare. Some years it is Novem ber. and in other years it is Jan uary. We should make the most of this long season by using late blooming varieties of Fall flowers and early blooming varieties of Spring flowers. Your specialist experimented with Crotolaria Spectabelis the preceeding year, sowing the seed in June. The magnificent yellow spikes were in full blast in October and lasted until the first of De cember, affordihg lovely cut flow ers for the home. Do not forget to supply yourself with paper Narcissus. These have been in bloom ever since Thanks giving and are in lovely array, rendering the air aromatic with perfume. The little old-time yellow Nar cissus which vies with the paper white in excellency of fragrance will, be the next to bloom this month long before the long trum pet varieties such as King Alfred,! Emperor, Empress, and have much Inore progress in growth.' We ap preciate these old-timers on ac count of their early presentation cf beauty and fragrance after a sombre season of bleakness. Cassia are invaluable because they withstand the summer drought and bloom gaily all through September and October. The yellow, pea-shaped flowers and pale green leaves are as fresh as spring flowers no matter how shriveled every other flower source supply may be in our gar dens. This plant may be used in a wide perennial border, or it nay be mixed in with other shrubbery, but the arrangement is beautiful when it is used in the perennial border and prefaced with an ini-j tial border ' of orange marigolds and double white zinnias planted in June to bloom exactly at the same time the Cassia does, making a charming foreground for them. We all love the Nandina Domes- lica, called in floral love, the Heavenly Bamboo of China and Japan. It is an evergreen in our climate, but in higher latitudes it loses its foliage in winter. It is a slender shrub resembling bamboo in stalk and foliage. Its leaves turn red in the autumn. The enormous branches of brilliant red berries linger all winter and even into spring, sometimes until the new panicles of pretty, creamy white blooms appear. Nandina thrives either in a sun ny location or partial shade, re quires moisture and makes a de sirable foundation planting. We have spoken of trees and more trees in cur letters but have given little notation to the Mimo sa or Siberian Palm. This is a graceful tree from the Orient, but has become climatized here and is hardy as far North as Washington. It may be considered as a perfect tree for flower gardens, because its shade is too light to prevent adjacent flowers and shrubs from blooming; and then being a le gume it adds nitrogen to the soil. In addition to its resistance to disease and insects, it has very characteristic fem-like foliage and delicate silky blossoms of two varieties—rose and salmon colors which bloom in June. The tropi cal fragrance of these blooms is delightful and refreshing. Try some of these; they are very susceptible to priming if you re move branches which are prone to grow out from the body near the ground and keep them pruned, leaving the body clear of limbs for about 4 1-2 or 5 feet. You will find yourself in possession ulti mately of a very symmetrical tree about 15 ft. high. But you may, if you wish it to be semi-shrub, leave the lower limbs projecting from the body, keeping the tips pruned regularly to prevent a gangling growth and ultimately you will rejoice in its symmetrical, shrub-like appear ance. Matilda Bell, Co. Home Dem. Agent. MOUNTAINS BELOV/ GROUND THE MOUNTAINS RISING FROM THE FLOOR OF THE GRAND CANYON IN ARIZONA ARE HIGHER THAN ANY PEAKS EAST OF THE ROCKIES . . . YET THEY DON'T EVEN REACH THE CANYON RIM. i'm drifting UP STREAM RIVER IN REVERSE A MAJOR OPERA TION ON NATURE HAS REVERSED THE FLOW OF THE CHICAGO RIVER ... IT NOW RUNS BACKWARDS. OLDEST HOUSE AND TOWN ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA, THE OLD EST WHITE SETTLE- ME NT IN THE UNITED STATES, BOASTS THE OLD EST RESIDENCE BUILT FOR WHITE PEOPLE. TWO PER MINUTE GREYHOUND OPERATES TWICE AS MANY BUSES AS THERE ARE MINUTES IN THE DAY. Camp Modoc News Camp Mcdoc, Feb. 4.—We are proud to report that Camp SCF-11 is flying the blue flag for being the outstanding camp in the Siib. District. This is twice in the past few months that this camp has been in possession of the blue flag, and we are striving to keep •t. Mr. John' R. Hawley of the Columbia office and Mr. Cossitt of the Regional Office in Atlanta, Ga., were on this end of the dis trict during the week inspecting the plantations that had been planted in pine and black locust seedlings. Thousands of these seedlings were planted by this camp. A favorable .report was given on these plantations. The planting of these trees was under the supervision of Foreman John T. Forrester and Joe B. Price. Foreman L. L. Wertz has been at home ill with pneumonia. The last report we had of Mr. Wertzs’ condition was that he was re covering. The camp personnel are looking forward to Mr. Wertzs’ early return to duty. Machine Operator Ollie M. Mc Gee has been called home several times during the past week due to the critical condition cf his father. We extend “Ollie” our sympathy and are hoping for his father’s recovery. The Key Bridge over Turkey Creek is undergoing a general re pair job. Creosote piling has been driven and capped to the wooden approach. Two new additional i beams will be installed and the steel work scraped and painted New flooring and sills will be in stalled throughout. We hope to have this bridge open to traffic at an early date. The spring beautification pro gram is well under way at Camp SCF-11. Considerable shrubbery has been transplanted and a number of flower bulbs of differ ent varieties set out in beds. Visitors in camp during the week were Ranger H. W- Wagner o. Greenwood, Mr. Hawley of New berry, Mr. Cossitt of the Regional Office, Rangers’ Clerk T. C. Mur- ra”. Asst. Ranger C. X. Grano. Asst, to Tech. M. E. Nixon of Camp Biadley. xx Farmers Studying Fertilizer Needs cost than when obtained in the higher grade mixtures. It has been noted that in recent years, sales of the low grade mix tures, such as 8-3-3, have been steadily dropping while large gains are shown in the sales of the higher grade, well balanced mixtures, such as 7-5-5, 8-4-8, etc. Along with . better fanning methods, many farmers are using better fertilizers. It has been pointed out that mixtures containing a high ratio of potash have been especially popular in recent years. As a re sult of extensive experiments con ducted over a period of years, ag ricultural authorities new recom mend higher amounts of potash than ever before. Following the removal of crops from the soil for many years, the available potash becomes depleted and a liberal supply must be added if satisfac tory yields are to be obtained. Many farmers state that the re sponse from, additional potash on their soils has been so great that they now apply only high potash mixtures at planting, and in addi tion, use a nitrogen-potash top- dresser. An ample supply of potash is not only essential for satisfactory yields, but is generally known as the “quality element”. High qual ity crops are always desirable and with truck crops, tobacco and sim ilar crops, quality is the basis upon which sales are made, and largely determines the per acre value of the crop. Preliminary surveys indicate that farmers will use a great deal more potash on their 1939 crops and at present quotations, many farmers can double the amount they are using at a cost of only a few cents per acre. X Plan Now for Your 1939 Cotton .Crop That cotton is still “King” a- mong other farm enterprises in McCormick County is evidenced by the high place it holds in re turning money to the farmers of this county. This fact does not make cotton the kind of King we would like it to be. With the acreage limited by the A.A.A. Pro gram and relative cheap price of cotton at present, more pounds of cotton per acre at the cheapest cost per pound has become a necessity if we are to help cotton fill the place we would like it to fill. To accomplish the desired re sult, there are five essential steps that must be carried out each year. Plan now to follow these steps this year. The first essential step is our ci ions were too often made upon i soil. Select your verybestsoilfor the basis of the price per ton cotton production. We can build rather than on a basis plant j up om lands by filling them with food content, and it is generally organic matter or m other- words agreed that the plant food pur- by turning under cover crops. By g • turning under crops we can pre- 'Yith the spring planting period yc . a few weeks away many I; mers are already giving con sideration to their fertilizer re quirements in an effort to obtain the greatest returns for the money e: nended. In previous years, de in wet years, increase the water holding capacity of the soil for ■dry years. The second important step is the selection of pure seed of a well-bred variety. We may not be able to build up our land in a year’s time but we can get pure seed cf a productive variety at any time. The third step is proper fertili zation, A careful study of your soil will reveal the fertilizer re quirements. A well-balanced fertilizer with side applications of nitrate and potash pays in a high percentage of cases. The fourth step in economical cotton production is thorough preparation and cultivation of the soil. The proper cultivation will cf Course vary with the difference in soils. The fifth and last step in cotton production is boll weevil control'.. By the use of the 1-1-1 liquid poison (made by mixing 1 gallon of water, 1 pound of calcium ar senate and 1 gallon of black-strap molasses) applied with, a mop Just before squaring begins and at least two more applications at weekly intervals after the first ap plication will greatly increase the yield per acre. You cannot afford, to neglect any one of these five essentials of economical cotton production and expect a large yield. Plan now to carny them out in 1939. D. Austin Shelley, County Agent. fwtin wn-mxi i 11 ra mClESMN l nitt act •r NITRATE SODA 7»t TOP-DRESSING ot SIDE-DRESSING Give your crops the nitrogen they need for plant-food bal- Tbe American SODA. TH£ BARRETT COMTWIYj ■ftTuettai-c NOTICE AH persons having claims a- erainst the estate of Mrs. Carrie* W. Mays, deceased, are hereby notified and required to file same duly itemized and verified with the undersigned and all persons indebted to said estate are re quired to make payment on or be fore SMtonber 1, 1939, to YS ROBERTSON, , Executor. Plum Branch, S. C., Jan. 28, 1939.—3t. === Auditor’s Notice FOR FEAR 1939. chased in the low* analysis mix tures comes at a much higher, vent a great amount of leaching I will be at the different places on dates given below for the pur pose of taking tax returns on all personal property, except' the kind that is returned to the tax commission. All owners, agents, guardians, administrators, attor neys, etc., please take notice and make returns: Office all of January and through February 13th. Clarks Hill, Feb: 14th, 19 a. m. to 12 noon:. Bennett’s Store, Feb. 14tH, 2 o. m. to 3 p. m. J. O. Marshall’s Store, Feb: 14th, 3 p. m. to 5 p. m. Parksville, Feb. 15th; 9 a. nr. to 12 noon.. Modoc, Feb. 15th, S' p. m. to 5 p. m. Morgan’s Store, Feb. 16th} IB i. m. to 12 noon. pium Branch, Feb. 17th, 2 p. m. to 5 p. m. Mrs. Mattie Hollingsworth’s Store, Feb. 21st, 10 a. m. ta 12* noon. Vernon Church, Feb. 21st; S’ p. m. to 5 p: m: Bordeaux, Feb. 22hd; 2 p. m. to> S' p . m . j. c. Talbert’s Store, Feb. 2Srch 2 p. m. to 5 p. m. Willington, February 24th, ID m. to 12 noon. Mt. Carmel, Feb. 24th, 1 p. m. to* 5 p. m. Mrs. Joe J. Link’s, Feb. 27tftl 2 n. m. to 4 p. m. . ’’oung’s School House, Feb. 28thv 2 n. m. to 4 p. m. fter February 28th 10 per cent p- 'alty on all who failed or’ rfe- fu*ed to make returns. All made persons between 21 a d 60 years are liable for poll 1 tax. 21 to 55 years are liable foe read tax or street tax. C. W. PENNAL, < . _ Auditor.