Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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r HeCORMICK MESSENGER, MeCORMICE, SOUTH CAROLINA Thursday, July 8,1937 •A"" oc- ■ L*/ IU'~ i*/•; 'i ; ■ ■' . ■ m is i'.*. IkCORHlCK HE3SENGI Published Every Thursday Established June 5, IMS CDMOND J. McCRACKEN, Editor and Owner l Profitable Swine Management Methods — (By Jack Wooten, Extension Infor mation Specialist) Intered at the Post Office at Me- •Cermlck, S. C. f as mail matter of the seeond class. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: One Year $1.00 Biz Months .75 Three Months .50 For Fuller Use Of Better Milk And Its Products Clemson. July 3.—Farm women who realize the importance of an Probably one of the most effec tive and economical swine para site control and hog management projects in the state is being con ducted by B. D. Boykin of Boykin, Kershaw county. i Mr. Boykin was among the first hog growers in the state to set up one of these projects and carry through to the letter the recom mendations of the Clemson College Extension Service and the United States Bureau of Animal Industry. Under no consideration, he asserts, would he return to the old “pig pen” idea of raising hogs. The Boykin hog sanitation proj ect is divided into six pastures in which he has 46 sows, 35 of which i ample supply of milk in the fam-' have ! arro £' ecl ; Wlth a t0tal ° f 249 ily diet and particularly those who pigs ' Mr ' BoJ ' k f says that , realize that full use of milk is not - arroTCU1 e P ens have increased the made because of defects in han- i a , verase P er sow from f 've to seven pigs. dling milk leading to inferior qual ity, will welcome Extension Bulletin 100, The Use of Milk and Its Products on the Farm, recently published by the Clemson College Extension Service. The first half of this new pub lication, which is the joint work of C. G. Cushman, extension dairy specialist, and Miss Myra Reagan, extension nutritionist, is an ex cellent discussion of milk as a food and of the production of milk and its products. The purpose, they jx>int out, is to make and keep milk clean and wholesome and to pre pare milk products for maximum service and efficiency to the farm family. They stress the fact that milk is a food and not merely a beverage. In discussing milk as a food the authors give special attention to the valuable vitamins it contains. Following the discussion of milk production, they explain the com mon defects of milk. Similarly they discuss the making of butter and Its common defects; the making of buttermilk, cottage cheese, and -American cheese* the use of whey; Invalid and child feeding; and meal planning with reference to use of milk and its products. Farm women and others who de- sirc copies of Bulletin 100 may se cure them from county farm and home agents or from the Publica tions Department at Clemson. Good Farming Hints For July Attention Clemson, June 28.—Better farm ing suggestions for July by ex tension specialists show no let-up for the good farmer. Agronomy When field work slacks up, haul in grain straw, leaves, swamp grass, and other litter for the com post heap. Sow peas, soybeans, or velvet beans now and they will ^make growth to turn under for soil building. If you do itjt think the acreage of prospective yields of corn and summer forage crops is sufficient for farm needs, plant additional acreage after thorough preparation of soil. Horticulture Remove all broken and diseased limbs from fruit trees immediate-' ly after harvesting. Pull sweet com shortly The whole arrangement reminds one of an army camp with the A- type farrowing houses looking very much like Uncle Sam’s army tents. As a matter of fact, you could say that this hog sanitation project is a miniature battle field, for the main purpose of the project is to fight internal parasites which in fest hogs and cause irreparable losses to the farmers of South Car olina every year. The sanitation and hog manage ment project is under the direction of Dr. E. E. Lent, veterinarian of the Bureau of Animal Industry, United States Department of Ag riculture, and A. L. DuRant, ex tension livestock specialist. While it is by no means a new venture in the livestock industry, there are several features of the plan which had not been practiced in South Carolina until this year, they state. In the Boykin project, similar to others scattered throughout the state, substantial wire fences sur round each pasture, which has the recommended special arrangement for feeding sows and young pigs so as to prevent infestation with worms. At one end of each pasture is a 30-foot strip of cleared land, while on the other three sides is a bare strip five feet wide. These bare areas have been provided in order to keep down worn infesta tion. It has been found from ex periments thart kidney worm larvae are abundant in shady areas, along fences, and elsewhere in hog pas tures where there are moisture and shade. Experts have also establish ed the fact that eggs in larvae ex posed experimentally on dry soil perish quickly from the effects of drying, heat, exposure of sunlight, and possibly other natural causers. On the 30-foot bare area at one end of each pasture are found the pens for feeding the sows, the creep for the pigs, a water-barrel, and the farrowing houses. The gates to Romans First to Offer Circus Entertainments The name-circus was first applied by the Romans to the circular in closures wherein their games were performed. Later it came also to designate the performances given within them. The Circus Maximus, as rebuilt by Trajan, was said to have been capable of holding an audience of 500,000. Eight large circuses were built by Roman emperors. All are now heaps of ruins, if not wholly ob literated, except that of Caracalla, outside the city near the Appian Way, which is in a fair state of pres ervation. The Romans varied the monoto nous spectacle of gladiatorial fights and hand-to-hand struggles between wild beasts and men, with mimic sea fights and baiting of crocodiles, in at least two of their circuses, which could be flooded with water. And in milder moods they had char iot races and performing horses, wrestling matches, rope dances and other acrobatic acts. But the circus in something like the form we know seems not to have existed until the Eighteenth century. The popular amusements of medieval times were processions, passion plays and annual fairs, these often being enlivened with side shows of monstrosities or a wild animal or two. The first circus established on the modern plati was that of Philip Ast- ley, at Lambeth, London, about 1770. An equestrian himself, he had , engaged others and given shows. ! Then he built a rude stadium near I Westminster bridge, and so popular [ did his circus become that he was able a few years later to build a handsome amphitheater which was opened in 1780. The place was burned three times, in 1794, 1803, and 1842, each time being imme diately rebuilt. Most of those in America have been traveling circuses, and this type has grown in our country to proportions which far exceed any thing in this line in Europe. Shawls Were Once Worn by Beth Men and Women The shawl had its beginning early in our civilization. It was worn by both men and women among bar barous and semi-civilized peoples. It is thought to he referred to in the Bible—the .twenty-seventh chapter of Ezekial, to be exact, notes a writer in the Rural New-Yorker. The silk shawl is originally Chi nese. The lace shawl made its first appearance in Spain and the Cash- mere shawl started its career in India. The Paisley shawl, which was a high-grade copy of the Cash- mere shawl, was made in Scotland. But the young lady of fashion first discovered the possibilities of the shawl early in the Eighteenth cen tury when British officers stationed in India began sending them home to England. The style was greatly admired in fashionable London and scon fem- icmato, or “Love Apple/’ Also “Apple of Morocco” When the Spaniards invaded Peru they found the natives eating a small pear-shaped fruit growing on plants as tall as dwarf trees. When later they saw plants in Mexico bearing the same fruit, they did not connect the Peruvian discovery with the fru'ts which the Aztecs of Mex ico called “Tomatl.” In process of time seeds of this “tomatl” grown in Spain found their way to Morocco, where they first became known as the “apple of Mo rocco/' There the Italians found it and translated this term into “Porno dei Mori.” When it finally reached France it became Pomme d'Amour. Thus did cur English cousins ar rive at the term “love apple” now used for the tomato in various lan guages. The earliest colonists to reach this continent brought seeds with them, inine hearts on both sides of the j among them those of love apples. water began to ache for possession of a Cashmere shawl—and mascu line minds began to understand that if life was to pursue its even tenor they had to take out their ponderous wrought iron keys and dig down in to the family exchequers. A fine Cashmere shawl of first-class color ing and pattern cost $1,200 to $1,- 500. Such a shawl would weigh about seven pounds. Later they were produced to sell as low as $70 or $80. Even so, this was quite a sizable sum in the era when the whole of Manhattan island sold for $24. the feed pen are open each morn ing and afternoon for the sows to enter and are closed so that the pigs cannot get to their mothers. Mr. Boykin leaves the sows in the pen two hours each morning and two hours'each afternoon. “There is no question but that Mr. Boykin is hewing to the line of recommendations made by the Bureau of Animal Industry and the Extension Service. His is a practical swine parasite control and hog management demonstration. To I him this swine sanitation project before j s a business, in which he uses com- Two-Thirds of British Empire Found in India India accounts for more than two- thirds of the population of the Brit ish Empire. It has nearly three times as many people as the United States, although its area is only a little more than half as large. But the more than 351,399,800 In dians crowded into the triangular peninsula that juts out from the bottom of Asia are far from unified, culturally, religiously, or politically. India is a crazy-quilt of presi dencies, native states, provinces, protectorates, tribal areas and even a few foreign-owned patches. Some parts have been governed by mod ern princes ruling with Arabian Nights splendor, holding power of life and death over their minions, maintaining their own armies, and subject indirectly to the British king-emperor. India is usually thought of as en tirely British, but France and Por tugal keep tiny toe-holds on the edges of the huge British domain. Five-Kin^ Dinner Given in Thirteenth Century There is much obscurity about the origin of the famous five-king dinner of 1363 in the Vintners' hall. Apropos of a Swan dinner ten dered in London by the Worshipful Company of Vintners, honoring princes of England, a writer in the London Observer describes the orig inal company as Edward III (Eng land), David (Scotland), John (France), Waldemar III (D e n - mark) and Amadeus VI (Cyprus). “John,” he continues, “was at the time a prisoner in England. He had been made a captive at Poitiers (1356) and was released on ransom four years later, but, on arriving in Paris, found himself unable to raise the money. His son had been left at Calais as hostage, and when he escaped in the summer of 1363, John returned to England to give himself up. “It seems quite probable that the Vintners' banquet was given in compliment to him, for we read that he was received in England ‘with great honor,’ was lodged, as before, in the Savoy and was a frequent guest of Edward at Westminster. “He died in the following spring, and his body was sent to France with royal honors.” which in those days were cherished more for the beauty of their fruit j than their service as a food. Not 1 until the beginning of the Nine- | teenth century did the tomato de scend from its ornamental position ! among the posies to its lowly place j in the vegetable garden. The real history of the tomato as an economic factor starts around 1817, states a writer in the New York World-Telegram. It was then that the pioneer tomato grower of this country, A. W. Livingston, of Ohio, started to take the tomato seriously. What he found was a pin cushion shaped fruit, more or less hollow, tough and full of acid juice. The evolution of the tomato forms a fascinating chapter in the history of American vegetables. Romans Classed Greatest Ancient Bridge Builders 1 The Romans were the greatest bridge builders of ancient times. Although bridges spring from the demands of commerce, Romans built them for coftquest. And when their empire fell, so did the science of bridge building. War revived that science on a grand scale, too, says a writer in the Washington Post. Napoleon may command respect or condemnation as a military glory-seeker, but he needed bridges in his business. So bridges were built. Yet, some spans came between the Romans and Napoleon. For in stance, there was the old stone. Lon don bridge. Its distinguishing fea ture was the houses and shops bordering its roadway. These were of wood, regularly burned down with terrible loss of life, and were just as regularly re-erected. Railroads, coming along in the I830’s, took up where Napoleon left off. Then came the first all-iron bridge. Scottish engineers devel oped this type with a span in Glas gow in 1841, and a mistake of Scot tish engineers signaled the passing of large iron bridges. The mistake was in not allowing for the force of wind in throwing up the Tay bridge. In 1879, two years after its completion, the cross ing was swept away in a storm. A train on the bridge was hurled into the river, carrying about 100 people to their deaths. Upper Jaw Not Hinged The common belief among all na tives where crocodiles and alliga tors are found is that these animals move their upper jaws rather than the lower when they open their mouths. This is a ridiculous idea to anyone who has examined the skele- \ ton of one of these animals. The up- ' per jaw is not hinged, says a writer in Pearson’s London Weekly, but is built solidly into one piece with the upper part of the head, just as in other animals, and the lower jaw is hinged just as in man. The reason Odd Rocks in Isles of Scilly Nowhere else in the whole of the British Isles can such a plethora of fantastic rocks be found as in the Isles of Scilly. Noted for its flower fields, the oddity of the huge masses of granite, beaten and molded by weather and sea, pre sents a strange contrast. Some rocks look like petrified, prehistoric monsters. Others are like giant tor toises or grotesque gargoyles, while others resemble faces. Equally in teresting are the loggans, or rock ing rocks, one of which is 300 tons in weight, yet can easily be rocked by hand. Because of their striking peculiarity some of these rocks were objects of veneration to the bygone inhabitants of the islands. One such was the “Tooth Rock” on the Island of St. Marys. From certain mark ings on the base of this rock, which Hungarian Village Names Men, Women “Eva,” “Kath” A remarkable Hungarian village where every citizen bears a wom an’s name, regardless of whether he wears trousers or skirts, is de scribed by Szarka Geza, Hungarian writer, in the Globe Magazine. The name of the village is Szabadskent- kiraly, which translated literally means “Free—Saint—King.” Half of the people of the town bear the name of ICata, the other half Eva. This dates back to the time of King Zsigmond, who gave the village to two maidens. The king had been imprisoned by wealthy subjects whose taxes he had raised. He managed to escape, but his en emies followed in hot pursuit. They were close behind him when he reached a river bank by a small hamlet. Here two maidens, doing their laundry, hid him under a tub until his pursuers gave up the chase. In gratitude, the king deeded one half of the village to each of them. To this day the descendants of these tv/o women—Kata and Eva—always have their forbear's name included in theirs. people believed these animals ' is 30 feet high, it is surmised that opened their upper jaws was that when lying on the ground the lower jaw could not be moved any lower, so the mouth was opened by rais ing the whole head and leaving the lower jaw still on the ground. sacrifices were offered there in pre historic days. meal time; it loses its sugar rapid- j mon sense in following the plans ly. ! as set forth by the specialists. Both Place fruits and vegetables in Dr . Lent and Mr. DuRant attest the shade at once after harvesting, to the fact that this Kershaw coun- to hold their quality. | t y farmer is living up to his repu- Make plantings of tomatoes for a tation in this internal parasite eon- Jall crop. I trol and hog management proj- Insects and Diseases ! ec t. Control tomato insects and dis- «ases with Bordeaux-lead arsenate spray. Mr. Boykin has provided each pasture with simple hog waterers which consist of air-tight barrels Remove and burn corn plants placed in 0 t hg ^ infected with smut. Examine banded apple trees every 10 days and destroy codling moth larvae. Control Mexican bean beetle with magnesium arsenate or non-ar- senicals. Watch out for screw worms. Requeen bees. i Agricultural Engineering Have trench silo ready when si lage is ripe. Repair and construct needed farm buildings. Plan to install water system and ‘Other farm conveniences. Continue the two-horse cultiva- planks nailed to the troughs and spaced in such a way that the hogs cannot splash the water out on the Oldest Mountains in U. S. Great Smoky Mountains National park has many advantages, not the least of which is its proximity to the great centers of population in the United States. It is estimated ; that more than 60 million persons in i eastern America are within 24 | hours’ travel time of this p 1 a y - j ground. It is the largest national park east of the Rocky mountains, I and one of the nation’s youngest. It is 71 miles long, nearly 20 miles wide, and contains 427,000 acres. It straddles the mile-high backbone of the Great Smokies, which forms the boundary between Tennessee and North Carolina. They are the oldest mountains in America and the high est mountain mass in eastern Amer ica. There are 94 peaks more than 5,000 feet in height, 33 more than a Where Shawl-Goat Thrives In northern India, at the foot of the Himalaya mountains, lies the fertile, placid valley of Kashmir. Here is found a particular type of shawl-goat whose coarse outer hair is but the covering for an inner coat of the very finest and softest curly hair. And it is from this in finitely soft, fine hair that Cashmere shawls are made. These are of two types: sometimes woven in one piece, but more often in small segments and sewn together with such precision that the sewing is imperceptible. The second type shawl is embroidered instead of woven. Ringing a PeM of Bells Ringing a peal of bells is not just a matter of pulling a number of ropes one after the other until the ringers get tired. Proper peals are all arranged carefully beforehand, with “music” of their own, so that the same combination of bells nev er occurs more than once, though the peal may go on for as many as four hours or more. This doesn’t sound quite so impossible, says London Answers Magazine, when you remember that with a peal of e ght bells, no fewer than 40,320 changes can be rung. Bell-ringing is a skilled job, and those who can do it are very proud of their achievements. It is computed that something like 15,000 people in this country have mastered the art. Loftiest Plateau Has an Elevation of 16,500 Feet Tibet has the loftiest large plateau in the world, a vast tableland, with an average elevation of 16,500 feet, observes a writer in London Tit-Bits Magazine. Tibet is a strange place inhabited by strange people, with strange cus toms and habits. It is a province in Central Asia, west and southwest of China, and north of India. The population is largely a mixture of Chinese and East Indians. The highly rarefied atmosphere causes all kinds of trouble. In win ter the air is so cold and so defi cient in oxygen that explorers have found it almost unendurable, and many travelers have lost all their pack animals during this season. In summer the clear sky and thin air permit th<* sun’s rays their full power and the hottest days are often followed at night by temperatures below freezing point. There are no fowls, but this makes little difference, as one prob ably could not boil an egg in these altitudes on account of the low boiling point of water at such high elevations. The country is rich in minerals, but robber bands are numerous and bold, so travelers find it safer to move in large companies. Yaks, mules, ponies, and even sheep are used as pack animals. Tombstone to a Smoke An o!d woman, living at Ports mouth, heard a ghost story about a murdered sailor which so im pressed her that she put up a me morial tombstone to the victim. Odd tombstones are to be found in all comers of the countryside, says London Tit-Bits Magazine. Peter son’s Tower, at Sway, New Forest, is 220 feet high — probably the world’s record tombstone, if we ex cept the Pyramids, tombs of the Egyptian kings. As a memorial to Sir Walter Raleigh’s first smoke, a tree was planted. A spade stuck in the ground at the head of a grave. Victoria of England On the death of her uncle, Wil liam IV, on June 20, 1837, Victoria ascended the throne nt the age of eighteen, and was crowned on June 23, 1838. She became engaged to her cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe- Coburg-Gotha, in October, 1839, and married him on February 10, 1840. Her husband died in 1861 but she survived him for forty years, to January 22, 1901. She had four sons and five daughters and, by the time of her death, there were 37 great-grandchildren. Her reign was the longest in English history. Great jubilee processions and ceremonies marked the celebration of her gold en anniversary in 1887, and dia mond anniversary in 1897. She was born in Kensington palace, London, on May 24, 1819, and died at Os borne, Isle of Wight, January 22, 1901, at the age of nearly eighty- two, outliving all previous British rulers. Known as “Old Parr” Thomas Parr (1483(?)-1635) was an English centenarian. His birth date is unauthenticated, but he was a Shropshire farmer who married for the first time at the age of eighty. In 1635 he was taken to Lon don by the Earl of Arundel to pre sent to Charles I. He died soon after from what the great physician, Wil liam Harvey, diagnosed as change . . - , , , , . .of air and diet. He was buried in with the laborer s name carved on Westminster Abbey. In the Nine- tor, setting sweeps for shallow cul- found from experience that this tlvation. makes strong, healthy pigs. Each Investigate possibilities of small September he plants vetch in his streams for irrigating gardens and pastures and this is used as win- truck j ter glazing until June. ground and cause damp places—a mile high, and 27 exceeding 6,000 regular “heaven” for worm para-' feet. sites. These barrels are set on poles which have been placed on the ground in order to keep the hogs from rooting in damp places— should water be splashed from the barrels—thereby establishing a habitat for the eggs and larvae of the internal parasites. Mr. Boykin uses fish meal, in addition to his grain ration, for his sows from the time of breeding until they farrott. He says he has America’s Near East Western Ireland is America’s Near East, according to a travel authority of Great Britain and Ire land. The western Irish call their country the next parish to Amer ica. They know more about Amer ica often than they do about Dublin and Cork, in their own country, for almost everyone in the Irish West has a brother or a son or a cousin in the United States. American as sociation with western Ireland be gan with Columbus. People say that he sailed along that way and picked up one of the western Irish for his crew when he was setting off to discover America. Lyrebird Named for His Tail The male menura is a gorgeous and elegant bird. Two of his sixteen tail feathers are as colorful as a peacock’s, and their curves have given him his name, but he never holds them in the conventional lyre shape as depicted in dictionaries and encyclopedias and on Australian postage stamps. The female is just a pheasant, a little brown hen sort of creature who never participates in her husband’s popularity. She cannot sing and she does not dance. Poe Solved Police Mystery Edgar Allan Poe achieved the unique distinction of having solved, under the guise of fiction, a real police mystery before the police themselves. In his book “The Mys- i tery of Marie Roget,” he gave a i true account, as was proved by sub sequent confessions, of what had happened in the famous case of Marie Cecilia Rogers in New York, j —Collier’s Weekly. the handle, is surely the simplest, as well as the most apt, memorial. Oldest Catholic Settlement According to “Famous First Facts,” the first Catholic church settlement was formed at St. Au gustine,. Florida, in 1565, though Mass was said as early as 1524 in Manhattan island for Verazzano and probably earlier services were held by the explorers from Greenland. Figures on church membership in the Catholic Almanac indicate highest percentage of Catholics to church members in New Mexico, lowest in North Carolina. teenth century many stories were invented about him to advertise a quack remedy, “Old Parr’s Life Pills.” Miniature Dogs Miniature dogs can be bred from most small breeds. Often dogs of smaller breeds are crossed to re duce size. Miniatures were bred more than 400 years ago. Though now generally mere lap dogs and freaks, they were originally used to ferret out rats and other burrowing animals. They are delicate animals and require much care. All are rare, since they usually have but one puppy in a litter. Tonnage Ship May Carry The quantity of tonnage that a ship may safely carry varies with the seasons, the hemispheres and the kind of water. Hence nearly all vessels carry “load lines,” or a Plimsoll mark, painted on the sides of the bow and stern, that represent the depth to which the ship may safely be loaded in FW (Fresh Water), SW (Salt Water), IS (Indian Summer), S (Summer), W (Win ter) and WNA (Winter North At lantic).—Collier’s Weekly. Hornets Unless the hornets’ nest is in a position where it is a nuisance and persons passing constantly disturb the insects, hornets are a help and not a danger. They will never sting unless molested and they eat flies in such quantities that they will keep a barn or house completely rid of the far more serious menace, the house fly.