McCormick messenger. (McCormick, S.C.) 1902-current, January 15, 1931, Image 7
Thursday, January 15, 1931
McCX ,CK MESSENGER, McCORMICK, SOUTH CAROLINA
■U»
Review of the Year 1930
at Home and in Other Lands
Unemployment and Economic Depression Generally Prev
alent—Steps Toward World Peace—Democrats
Win in United States Elections—South
American Revolutions.
>«
P rosperity, which was
around the corner” at the begin
ning of 193U, gave the world no more
than an occasional/ glimpse of her
face during the year. Rusiness depres
sion, increasing unemployment, con
tinuing low prices for agricultural
products and declining markets for
securities prevailed generally.
Skilled observers professed to see
tvar clouds again gathering over the
Balkans, but notable steps were taken
in the direction of world peace and
disarmament. The United States,
Ureut Britain and Japan signed the
London havul limitation treaty, and
toward the close of the year there
were Indications that France and
Italy, settling their parity dispute,
would make it a five-power pact.
Some progress was achieved by the
' preparatory disarmament commission
©f the League of Nations. The revi
sion of German reparations, known {is
the Young plan, was adopted by all
nations concerned and put into effect,
although Germany was not hopeful of
its ultimate success. The evacuation
of the Rhineland by the allied forces
was completed.
China's long, bloody and confused
civil war ended in victory for the Na
tionalist government. Popular and mil
itary revolutions upset the govern
ments of five La tin-American repub
lics.
Though governmental and other
agencies in the United States strove
throughout the year to relieve the un
fortunate economic conditions, results
of these efforts were slow in appear
ing. Consequently the voters went to
the polls in November and expressed
their dissatisfaction in the customary
manner. There was a Democratic
landslide that covered most of the
country and the Republican party vir
tually lost its control of both houses
of the congress that convenes in
March, 1931. However, the national
leaders of the victorious Democrats
pledged their party to co-operation
with the Republican administration in
all measures designed to bring pros
perity around that corner, and busi
ness was reassured by the promise
that there would be no attempt for
some time to revise the tariff act
passed in June.
Industrial and financial distress in
•th© United States was greatly In
creased by drought that prevailed all
summer ip the Mississippi and Ohio
giver states and extended as far east
as the Virginias. National and state
governmental afforded speedy relief to
the sufferers. As winter neared numer
ous organizations throughout the coun
try went into aetinf^-f© alfevfate the
unemployment situation, their atm he-
log to sniqtly those out of work with
Jobs rather than charity doles, l^nhlic
building and highway projects were,
started and speeded up. and great in
dustrial and transportation concerns
sought means to increase the number
of their employees.
411 in all. 1930 was not a happy year
for the world.
By §DWARD W. PICKARD
which was “just . en her friendship with these states by
offering credits.
During the year there were many
indications that Italy was drawing in
to close co-operation with Germany
and Russia.
After being ratified by all the na
tions concerned, the Young plan for
reparations was put into effect on
May 9. Gates \V. McGarrali of New
York already had been elected presi
dent of the bank for international set
tlements created by the plan. On May
19 the last of the French troops In the
Rhineland began moving out, the evac
uation being completed June 30. A
separate reparations settlement was
signed In April by Hungary. Austria
and the states In the little entente.
Frank B. KeNogg, former secretary
of state of the United Sthtes. jras
elected a member of the World Court
in September to fill out the term of
Charles Evans Hughes.
The mandate commission of the
League of Nations made m August its
long awaited report on the Palestine
conflicts between Jews and Arabs,
placing the blame on Great Britain.
In the fail the British government an
nounced a new policy concerning Pales
tine which would stop for the present
any further immigration of Jews into
the Holy Land. Zionists everywhere
protested vigorously and President
Chaim Weizmann and other chief offi
cers of the World Zionists organiza
tion resigned.
Russia’s Great Conspiracy Story.
Early in November the. government
of Russia announced that it had un
covered a gigantic plot against the
Soviet rfegime ib which' a number of
“capftaystic” states were said to be
Inyoived. Among many individuals
who were alleged to have a part in
the conspiracy were Former Premier
Poincare and Eoreigh Minister Briand
of France and Sir Henri Deterding.
British oil magnate. Eight Russian
engineers were put on trial, confessed
and were sentenced to terms in prison.
Paris and London looked on the whole
thing as a “frame-up.”
Late in January Mexico severed dip
lomatic relations with Russia because
of alleged Communist insults. In the
United States the advocates of a policy
of resumption of relations with the
Soviet government were jolted by
revelations that the latter had been
selling wheat short qn the American
grain exchanges, aiding in the detppral-
izatfoa of prices. At the same time it
became evident that the Moscow gov
ernment was dumping grain in the
European markets at price* far below
the cost- of produ tion. ■ The
affair created a great stir here ami
abroad hut nothing mucir coeld be
done about It
in
i i <dr ** T vil disobedience
, •
t i' icd. One of its
fit
ni; .!*i is was the mak-
inc
cot <-y to tiie laws. The
All
•oiigr vis. consisting largely
of <
s ariiirnmts. decided to boy-
cotl
roundinhle conference ar-
r:;i
r late in tlie year, because
fhei
md was for the absolute in-
do; :
e of India.
Tim
ndtahle.conference opened In
Ln: .lo
ovemher 12 with much pomp
am! • <
iony, the native princes, the
Hindus
the Moslems and even the
“Ulltoi:-;
ihles” heing represented by
C
INTERNATIONAL
]
T HREE months of intensive debate,
diplomatic negotiation, study of ex-
]>erts’ figure^. iu*d mutual concessions
brought forth the London naval treaty,
which was signed on April 22 by the
delegates of the United States, Great
Britain. Japan. France and Italy. i*y
this pact the first three powers agreed
to the extension of the Washington
treaty so that the reduction and limi
tation of their navies should apply to
cruisers and lesser vessels. France
and Italy failed utterly to reach an
accord ns to what their relative naval
strength should he. ('onsequently they
I subscribed to only those parts of the
{ London # treaty that provided for
a battleship building “holiday” and
prescribed various rules designed to
humanize submarine warfare.
* France and Italy held intermittent
conversations during the rest of the
year, hut could not settle their differ
ences. Tlie one itisurmonntalde obsta
cle was Italy's demand that iter rigid
to naval parity with France he ad
mitted. and France's fiat refusal to
yield tiiis point.
t League Receives Briand’s Scheme.
0 In September the assembly of the
League of Nations listened politely
while M. Briand. French foreign tiiln-
; ister, expounded his pet scFienie for a
federation of European states, other
statesmen cautiously praised the plan
and It was accepted in principle hy
the assembly and referred to a speeial
committee which will report to the
1931 meeting.
0 Twenty-eight of the nations repre
sented at Geneva signed on October 2
a treaty guaranteeing financial aid to
any signatory state flint is the victim
of warlike aggression.
| Late in August trine of the smaller
nations of central E trope belli a con
ference Ifk Warsaw ami agreed on a
concerted program of action nmihl\ in
furtherance of flteir agrarian ini cr
ests. Tire pact was signed hy Bulgaria.
Czechoslovakia. Estonia. Finland. Hun
gary, Latvia, Boland. Rumania and
Jugoslavia. Lithuania was ahsen; be-
i cause of her political differences with
J Poland. France was quick to strength-
C
FOREIGN
3
G REAT BRITAIN’S Labor govern
ment struggled manfully through
out the year to solve the nation's eco
nomic problems, hut found that this
could not be done in a short time. Un
employment continued to increase.
lightened If at all. However, no one
seemed to have a better solution to
offer than Prime Minister MacDonald
and ids ministers, so they held on to
their power. They had the aid of a
national advisory council. Chancellor
Snowden devised a satisfactory budget
that was hy no means socialistic, and
parliament passed some of the legisla
tion asked by the government.
Two .matters of vast import de
manded .ouch attention from the Brit
ish empire’s rulers. One was the ef
fort to develop the empire as an
economic unit, and Hie imperial confer
ence which was held in London under
took Ibis task. The various dominions
were represented hy some of their
best minds and the discussions con
tinued until well into November. Bur
tiie results were extremely disappoint
ing. The main issue was economic co
operation, and In tills nothing was ac
complished because the dominion* and
the British government could not agree
concerning free trade, protection and
preferential rates within the empire.
Problem of India.
The increasing independence of the
dominions was marked hy tne tacit
understanding that henceforth tliey
shall have the right to accredit their
own diplomats to u>relgii countries,
and may communicate with, one an
other and with Great Britain, not
through governors general, but directly.
It was decided to create a tribunal
for the settlement of intraimperial
disputes.
The future status of India within
the empire was a question that
troubled tl.e British throughout the
year, and it was complicated hy Hie
flnn-r<«d«ti*VH*e'rehellinti conducted hy
Mahatma Gandhi and ids numerous
followers. As is their custom, the
('otumunistK took advantage of the sit
uation to convert the peaceful revolt
of (lie Indian Nationalists into riotous
demonstrations, and Hie police and
military forces had to handle not only
these but also attacks on Hie north
western frontier by tribesmen. Gandhi
and many of his lieutenants were put
their ablest men—and by two brilliant
women. The Indians made it clear
they would accept nothing less than
dominion status, and some of them
bitterly attacked the British methods
of rule in ftidia. The problem before
Hie conference and the government
was so complex that there was no
chance for its solution for many
months. • One definite decision reached
was that 'Burma should he made a
separate dominion.
In Hie ('anadian national election on
July 28 tlie Conservatives completely
upset Hie Liberal government headed
by Prime Minister W. L. Mackenzie
King and secured a comfortable ma
jority in ihe dominion parliament, and
Richard B. Bennett, their leader, be
came prime minister. The new govern
ment took steps at once to relieve tlie
unemployment situation and to help
tlie farmers, one being the almost com
plete discontinuance of immigration
froiq Europe.
German Fascists Win.
As in most other countries, political
events in Germany reflected the
prevailing discontent of Hie people,
and there it was aggravated by tlie
feeling that they were oppressed by
tlie reparations. Chancellor Mueller
and his cabinet resigned in March
because of dissatisfaction with the
ratification of Hie Young plan and
with tlie budget and financial reforms
proposed. Dr. Heinrich Bruening, Cen
trist leader, became chancellor and
formed a ministry of members of the
five middle parties. The National So
cialists and the Communists kept up
continual agitation and President Hin-
denhurg dissolved the reichstag on
July 18. In the elections w^iich were
held September 14 the National So
cialists. commonly called Hi? Fascists,
won a most surprising and tremendous
victory. They increased the number
of their seats in the reichstag from
12 to 107, and their popular vote from
800,000 to more than 6,000,000. Their
titular leader Is Adolf Hitler who, be
ing an Austrian, could uot be elected
to the reichstag.
France, Spain and Italy.
One small provision in the finance
bill brought a vote of lack of
confidence in Hie‘French chamber of
deputies in February and the Tardieu
ministry was forced to resign. It was
succeeded by a Radical-Socialist cab
inet formed by Chau temps which was
defeated on its first appearance. Tar
dieu then was recalled.^ and held ,<mi
through a stormy summer and fqll, but
earlyjn December the senate forced him
an<| his cabinet to resign, and Theodore
Steeg undertook to form a new min
istry. France maintained her position
as one of tlie most prosperous coun
tries of Europe, and gathered an im-
zpsase store of .gold. She was largely
preoccupied with national defense and
went ahead with her plan for a pow
erful chain of fortffications on her
eastern frontier.
Gen. Prime de Rivera, who had been
dictator of Spain for more than six
years, resigned on January 28. part
ly under compulsion, when faced with
the threat of a military revolt. He
was succeeded by Gen. D’amaso Ber-
enguer. Throughout the year there
were repeated strikes, food riots and
violent demonstrations by students and
Ing succeeded temporarily hy Gen
eral Urena. Elections were held on
May 10 and Gen. Rafael Trujillo was
chosen president and inaugurated
three months later.
Bolivia was next on the list. There
Dr. Hernando Siles tried, like Vasquez,
to perpetuate his rule and was driven
from office in May by the insurgents.
He was permitted to fake refuge In
Chile, and Ids much hated right hand
man. Gen. Hans Ktindt of Prussia,
tied back to Ids German hinne. A mili
tary junta took over .tlie government,
its chief being Gen. Carlos Blanco
Gallindo. ,
Peru followed suit , in August. The
officers of Hie army fed a movement
against President Augusto B, l.eguia
who had held tlie office for more than
ten years and considered himself al
most irremovable. He was forced to
resign, turning ovei his powers to a
military junta, and later Lieut. Col
Luis M. Sanchez Cerro was made pro
visional president. Leguia had been
recognized as an efficient business
president and Peru made great ma
terial strides during ids regime, hut
tlie revolutionists accused liiin of “de
nial of civil liberties'* and also of
nepotism and Hie sale of concessions.
He was imprisoned to await trial.
Late in August President Hipolito
Irigoyen of Argentina was warned by
his minister of justice Hint a revolu
tion might break out immediately. A
few days later Hie prediction was ful
filled, tlie high army and navy officers
leading their commands in a revolt
that speedily ousted Hie aged chief
executive, who was seriously ill. Only
in Buenos Aires was there any popular
opposition to the revolution, ami rids
was soon quelled witli some blood
shed. Gen. Jose Francisco Urlburu,
cldef of the insurgents, became Hie
provisional president on September 6.
Irigoyen for years had enjoyed great
'personal popularity in Argentina, was
president from-1916 to 1922 and was
elected again in 1928. But lie had lie
come senile and sick and lost his hold
on the people.
Vargas Rules Brazil.
Brazil’s revolution broke out early
In October and was in a way a war
between the states, the leader of each
striving to seize tlie central govern
ment. The term of President Washing
ton Luis was soon to expire but his
favored candidate. Dr. Julio Prestes,
president of ttye state of Sao Paulo,
had been elected, allegedly hy fraud.
The defeated libera! candidate. Dr.
Getulio -Vargas, former president of
Hie state of Rio Grande do Sul. start
ed a revolt to prevent Hie inaugura
tion of Prestes, and the movement
spread to state after state, ail tlie
insurgent armies converging-, on Rio
de Janeiro, tlie national ^capital. Tlie
government resisted stuldmrnly. hut
considerable parts of the army and
navy deserted it ami after a few weeks
of bloody fighting Luis was ousted.
tTrangarated a vast pension system
for all partly or wholly disabled vet
erans not already receiving compen
sation. no matter what their illness
or when contracted. Soon after tlie
enactment of this law the President
put into effect the consolidation of
the three bureaus that had been In
charge of veterans of all wars and
appointed Gen. Frank T. Hines as
.chief.
Some of the recoaunendations of the
Wickersham law enforcement vnmmis-
sion were adopted hy congress, the
most important heing the transfer of
tlie prohibition bureau from tlie treas
ury to the Department of Justice. Tlie
change was made on July 1. Pol. Amos
W. W. Woodcock took columnnd of
the new bureau and former t’ommis
sioner James M. Dorati was made
head of a new industrial alcohol bu
reau under the Treasury department.
When William Howard Taft re
signed as chief justice of the Supreme
court on February 3. only five day*
before his death. President Hoover
immediately named Charles Evans
Hughes to succeed him.*The appoint
ment was confirmed by the senate with
26 votes In opposition. Then Associ
ate Justice Edward Terry Sanford
passed away and Mr. Hoover picked
Federal Judge John J. Parker of North
Carolina to fill.the vacancy. Labor and
negro organisations rose in opposition
and Hie senate rejected the nomina
tion hy a vote of 41 to 39. Tlie Presi
dent then named Owen J. Roberts for
the place and he was accepted.
Prohibition and the Election.
Prohibition as a political issue in
creased in importance us the months
passed. A poll conducted hy tlie Lit
erary Digest indicated that the coun
try was largely in favor of repeal of
the Eighteenth amendment or at least
of mollification of the enforcement
law. The liquor question was a great
factor in the pre-election campaign in
many states and had a decided effect
on the results when the people went
to tlie polls on November 4. Tlie voters
of Illinois, Rhode Island and Massa
chusetts in a referendum were against
prohibition hy large' majorities.
Tiie election turned out to be very
much of a landslide for the Demo
cratic party. The Republican majori
ties in both senate and house were
almost wiped' out- for the next con
gress, and many states and cities
ejected Democratic officials to replace
Republicans. Naturally the more rabid
opponents of the administration saw
in all this a severe rebuke for Presi
dent Hoover and his policies; but
sane opinion was that it was the nat
ural result of unfortunate economic
conditions.
With large appropriations available,
the farm hoard worked for the relief
of agriculture by promoting and fi
nancing various " co-operatives; and
later in the year undertook, with some
success, to stabilize the price of wheat.
n,. , ... , „ , which had fallen rapidly in all world
Ihe members of the junta that took , „
.. _ .. . . , X markets. In this latter operation tlie
over the government at once began^ ^
quarreling and scheming, hut Vargas
promptly came up from tlie south with
a large force of guucho soldiers and
his authority was recognized. He was
installed as provisional president on
November 3.
Pascual Ortiz Rubio was inaugurat
ed as president of Mexico on February
5 and selected a strong cabinet under
whose rule the country promises to
prosper. Especial attention 4s being
paid to reorganization of agriculture
and to education. *
C
DOMESTIC
passing the two million mark in June,
and industrial depression was littl^ ll,l * n roadie of December a serious
rebellion broke out in the northern
part of the country.
Economy was the continual cry of
the Italian government. Premier Mus
solini heing its spokesman, and his
measures toward that end were put
through with thoroughness and dis
patch. They extended to the reduc
tion of salaries of all governmental
employees, who are remarkably num
erous there, and all employers were
urged to follow spit. In compensation,
the cost of living was brougiit down
by tiie lowering of prices of food and
other necessities. At tiie same time
the Duce continued his program of
extensive public works, like drainage
and restoration of waste lands, giv
ing employment to many men.
Carol on Rumanian Throne.
Carol, former crown prince of Ru
mania, with the aid of prominent Ru
manians, executed a startling coup
d’etat in June. From his exile in
France he flew to his native coun
try in an airplane and two days later .
the parliament declared him king and
Ids little son. who had held Hie title,
heir to the throne. Carol soon began
planning for his coronation. Inn his
estranged wife declined to he recon
ciled and the statesmen said tlie cere
mony could not ' be held unless site
were present or .the marriage were
dissolved. As a result of this dispute
Premier Maniu resigned in October and
Carol went ahead with Ids plans.
An interesting if not important event
was the marriage on October 25 of
King Boris of Bulgaria and Prim-ess
Giovanna, daughter of Hie king and
queen of Italy.
Latin-American Revolutions.
Revolt .fiaitied in four South Amer
ican republics. Four men win. tiad been
virtual dictators were ousted. Four 1
new governments were established. As
a preliminary to these events there
was a revolution in tlie Dominican
republic in February, Hie immediate
cause being tlie announced intention
of President Horacio Vasquez to stand
for re-election. After a few skirmishes
Vasquez was forced out of office, be-
W ITH less cause for complaint
than the people* of most other
countries, the inhabitants of the Unit
ed States were nevertheless dissatis
fied an0 pessimistic. Overproduction,
by farmers and manufacturers and
timidity of consumers Ye»ulted in busi
ness depression and unemployment
that lasted throughout the year, de
spite all efforts to restore prosperity.
The great drought played its evil part,
affecting conditions in the entire coun
try.
President Hoover’s administration
had another exceedingly difficult year.
In tlie senate tlie Democrats were re
inforced by the radical Republicans
and Hie coalition fought many of the
Chief Executive’s policies. After more
than six months of debate Hie senate
passed tlie Smoot tariff hill, embrac
ing two features that were obnoxious
to Hie President. These were the ex
port debenture provision, carried over
from the old farm relief legislation,
and a clause transferring Hie flexible
tariff power from the President to
congress. The .muse of representa
tives eliminated these features. Hie
senate was forced Jto yield, and on
June 14 tlie ..o-called Hnwley-Smoot
tariff measure was finally enacted. It
readied Hie highest protective level
of any tariff law ever passed, with an
average rate about 20 per cent above
that of the Fordney-McCumher hilt
of 1922. In its entirety it was satis
fying to nobody, hut President Hoover
signed it because he saw in its flexible
provision Hie means of righting Its
Injustices. Protest* again- tlie higher
duties were received from many for
eign governments.
Veterans' Pension Act. •
There was another long and bitter
wrangle over Hie veteran*’ pension hill.
As first passed by congress it was
wholly ohjecfioital le to Hi,* adminis
tration and was pr«i»tpHy v«q«e«l. part
ly because it granted compensation
for disabilities not incurred in lietive
service and parll.x because it went
“beyond ihe financial necessities of the
Situation.” The (muse sustained Hie
veto tmt Hie ^en.iit repassed the nil>
with some amendments. There were
rejected hy Hie rejn es^mative ; a ml a
measure fairly acceptable to toe ad j
ministration was paused and-si&uetL It 1
hoard was fon-ed to accumulate some
thing like lOUjMMMMM) bushels of wheat,-
the future disj»os«l at which was an
unsolved.problem. Chairman Legge of
the board campaigned unceasingly for
reduction of wheat acreage.
Among the diplomatic appointments
hy the 1 President were: Ralph It,
Booth, raimzler t© Denmark ; Fred M.
I lea ring, ambassador to Pent; John N.
Willys, ambassador to Poland; Han
ford W. MacNider, minister to Canada ;
W. Cameron Forbes, ambassador to
Japan; W. M. Jardints, minister to
Egypt; Herman Bernstein, minister to
Albania; Nicholas Roosevelt, minister
to Hungary, and J. Reuben Clark. Jr.,
ambassador tp Mexico.
Taking of the fifteenth decennial
census began on April 2. The final
figures, announced in November, gave
tlie population of the United States
a* 122.775.046t The increase for the
decade was about 16.1 per cent.
On NdVember 28. President Hoover
appointed William N. Doak of Vir
ginia secretary of labor to succeed
James J. Davis, who had lieen elected
senator from Pennsylvania.
The short session of congress opened
December 2. and the President's mes
sage was largely concerned with meas
ures of relief. Following to a great
extent his recommendations, congress
PAGE NUMBER SEVEN
Matheir, former director of national
parks; Vtscpunt Esher of England;
Mrs. Reheoca L. Felton, former sen
ator from Georgia; Dr. Harry B.
Hutchins, president emeritus of Uni
versity of Michigan; Rear Admirals
W. W. Kimball and Thomas Snowden; !
Maj. Gen. Harry Taylor; Emmy Des-!
tinn, Hungarian prima donna; Dr. W.'
H. P, Faunce, president emeritus of,
Brown university.
In February—Rear Admiral W. U ;
Howard; Brig. Gen. M. P. Maus, noted!
Indian fighter; Former Senators Fredi
T. Dubois of Idaho and C. F. John- 1
son of Maine; C: A. Weyerhauser,
Minnesota lumber magnate; Alexander
P. Moore. American ambassador to
Poland; Cardinals Perosi and Merry
del Val in Rome; -Maliel Normnnd,
film star; Maj. G. H. Putnam, New
York publisher; Ahmed Mirza, former'
shah of Persia. \
In March—D. H. Lawrence, English
novelist; Dr. Arthur T. Hadley, presi
dent emeritus of Yale; Viscount Her
bert Gladstone of England; Grand Ad
miral von Tirpitz of Germany; Prlmo
de Rivera, former dictator of Spain;
Lord Balfour, British statesman; Wal-!
ter Eckersall, authority on athletics.'
In April—Cosima Wagner, widow of
the famous composer; Albert H.
Wasliburu, American diplomat; Zau-
ditu, empress of Ethiopia; Queen Vic
toria of Sweden; W. G. P. Harding,
governor of Federal Reserve bank of
Boston; Ixird Dewar of Great Britain; :
Dr. H. H. Furness, Jr., Shakespearean *
authority; Cardinal de Arcoverde. of j
Rio de Janeiro ; Charles Scribner, j
publisher; Robert Bridges, poet lau-!
rqate of England; Adele Ritchie, ac-!
tress; Maj. Gen. George Barnett, for- |
mer commandant of the Marine corps.
in May—Charles S. Gilpin, noted ne- •
gro actor; Robertas Love, poet and
critic; Earl D. Church, commissioner
of pensions; Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, Nor
wegian explorer; W. J. I»cke. English
novelist; Herbert D. Croly, publisher
and author; Col. J. Gray Estey, organ!
manufacturer; iWilliam Ordway Part-’
ridge, American sculptor; Lord Ran
dall T. Davidson,-, former archbishop j
of Canterbury; Cardinal Lucon, arch-’
bishop of Reims; Dr. J. Walter T
Fewkes, ethnologist.
In June—Gen. Herbert M. Lord, for-!
mer director of the budget; Herbert
H. Winslow, playwright; Maj. Gen.’
C. A. Devoi; W. E. Nickerson, Boston
financier; Chief Magistrate William
McAdoo of New York city; T. De
Thulstrup, illustrator; Henry C. Fol-
ger, oil magnate; Sir Henry O. Se-
grave of England, auto and boat speed
record holder; Kirk Munroe, author,
of boys* hooks; earl of Mar, premier
nobleman of Scotland; Melville Da
visson Post, author'; Dr. Kuno Francke
of Harvard; J. K. Vardanian, former
senator from Mississippi; Harry Stutz,
automobile manufacturer; Dr. Harvey
W. Wiley, pure food specialist.
In July—Grant Overton, author; Sir
Arthur Conan Doyle, English author* *
Maj. Gen. W. C. Neville, commandant
of the Marine corps; Cardinal Vanntl-
telli, dean of the sacred college; Gen.
yon Bernhnrdi, Gqnnan soldier i^nli;
war writer; Rear Admiral A. H. Rob
ertson; Henry Sydnor Harrison, novel- :
ist; l^eopold von Auer, violinist.; t
James M. Lynch, veteran leader of*
International 'Typographical unions
Harry S. Black, New York capitalist; 1
Field Marshal Count Oku of Japan;
Janies Eads How, “millionaire hobp”; j
D. Joseph Silverman, Jewish leader 6K
New York. *
Id August—Archbishop Messmer of
Milwaukee; Siegfried Wagner, son of
thj composer; Mrs. Isabella M. Aides
(“Pansy”), author; J. Fred Booth, Ca
nadian lumber magnate; Edwin Clapp,
economist and financial writer; James
D. Phelan, former senator from Cali
fornia ; Maj. Gen. C. T. Menoher; Gen.
Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien of England; .
Van Lear Black, publisher of BaUi- ;
more Ngws; Marion Terry, Engltali
actress; Eugene Silvain, dean of
French actors; duke of Northumber
land; Lon Chaney, screen actor; Maj.
Gen. Henry T. Allen.
In September—Robert M. Thomps in*
New York financier and sportsman;
Mrs. Frederick Dent Grant; Rear Ad
miral Simpson; S. W. Straus, finan
cier; Miltou Sills, stage and screen
star; Capt. Boy-Ed, former German
appropriated more than one hundred naval attache at Wasiiington; J‘>hn
millions for an emergency construc
tion. program designed to aid the un
employment situation, and also set
aside a large fund for loans to farmers
who had suffered from the drought.
Mr. Hoover transmitted to the senate
the revised protocols of the World
court and asked early action on them.
I*
NECROLOGY
F lit!:
ca
IK ST among the eminent Anieri-
tins who died in 1930 must he
placed William Howard Taft, who had
l»eei> governor general of the Philip
pines, chief justice of tlie Supreme
court of the United States and Presi
dent of tlie Republic. On the day Mr.
Taft died. Mart*)) 8, Associate Justice
Edward Terry Sanford of the Supreme
court a 1st) |mssed away. Elmer A.
Sperry, inventor of the gyroscope, and
Nlenn H. rurtiss. pioneer in aviation,
were taken hy death, as were also
Congressman Stephen G. Porter of
Pennsylvania, indomitable foe of the
“dope" traffic; Bishop C. P. Amjerson.
primate of the Episcopal church in
America; Harry l*ayne Whitney, finan
cier and sportsman, and Gen. Tasker
11. Bliss, chief of staff of the Ameri
can army during the World war.
other names worthy of record ase:
In, January—t!e«»rge E. Woodberry,
author and educator; Clare Briggs,
cartoonist ; John D. Archhold, oil tuag
nnte; Prof. Henry J Cox. veteran
weather forecaster; Edward ll*>!;, ed
itor and philanthropist ; I’.ann Lisin
Cassel, noted Belgian banker; Mrs.
WlUL&oa Jcuiungs Bryuu; Stephen T.
Lind of Minnesota, former governor
and congressman; Dr. J. T. Dorrnncu,
originator of condensed soup; Henry
Phipps, retired steel magnate; Piiilc
A. Otis of Chicago, civic leader; W. U
Tomlins, noted choral conductor; Lu-
cien W. Powell, American artist; Dan
iel Guggenheim, capitalist and phil
anthropist; Prince Leopold Maximiliaa
of Bavaria; Lord Birkenhead, English
statesman.
In October—Rear Admiral G. W.
Baird; Allan Pinkerton, detective
agency head; Josiab H. Marvel, pres
ident of American Bar association.;
Alexander Harrison, American paint
er; Rear Admiral H. J. ZJegemeir;
E. V. Valentine, sculptor; Gen. Valer
ian Weyier of Spain; Cardinal Casa
nova of Granada; Rear Admiral C. W„»
Dyson, designer of marine engines;
Edward H. (“Snapper”) Garrison, once
king of jockeys.
In November—Gen. Tasker H. Bliss,
U. S. A.; Thomas Coleman du Phhl
former senator from Delaware; T. W.
Guthrie, Pittsburgh steel magnate; (I
H. Markham, chairman of hoard of
Illinois Central; Capt. Otto Sverdrii;i,
Norwegian Arctic explorer; Episeop^rt
Bishop S. M. Griswold of <’hica if?;
Most Rev. Austin Dowling, Oat lintfe
•archhCMiop of Sti Ihiui; Mother Joia»s,
labor leader.
In December—Courtlund H. Yoimx
New York magazine publisher; Dr. \y.
E. Huntington, educator; Dr. W li
Barton, noted churchman ami aa.lmr;
Sir Otto Beit, South African d am. t il
magnate; Father Jerome Kiri.d f
San Jose. Calif., astronomer l.-'e v.
i
Overman, senator from North ( iroL-x
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