Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

of forest preervation has attracted any ittention in tis country and even nlow only a fow States havo made any Oyst"Itlc efforts to pvrelit the wai ton destruction of the forosts, and to enact such laws as will tend to keep the supply of merchantable lumber. In ouc own StatO our peopIO have been at most reckless in the lestruction of Vailuable timber without Oven realizing it. And it is not likely that we will L:e able as. yet to arouse the,n to the im portuane of the subject. Tho State of Now York is foremost in the work of foreut preucc,:vation. and while this work in yet Ill its infancy even in that Stato it is accomplishing much that will be of liestilmablu bellit to the futi'e. Tho Depirtment of Agriculturo has a forestry division and its olieurs are ready at any time to assist in the way of instructing land ownors as to the best methods to pursua either for the Prescirvation of standing timber or of planting land that Is entirely open with the young trees or with sood. One of the most important thinga in con nection with the work is to Instruct the peopk) as to the real value of their timber alids, and in this way provent thom from iguceantly disposing or thes at prices that te far below their value. As wo have no department of agri culture except in connection with Clem son College the work of beginnllg and laying plans for the preservation of our for-et,.4 m1;lt he left to tlis insti tutlon, but even a few thousand (101 lars 1pmnt 'on this work would pay big returins in tihe fiture. LOU11RI A NA 1)1P.CI Ij\ASE E-, CXPO S I TION. Noxt ycar will be the ono hundredth aninivorsary of the pitrceha.n?e by tile Unitett States of the LoIuslana Terr tory. '['his gre.at territory was pur chasod from France in 1863, and at present coliprises nearly all of the States of lAmilana, Avkaisao, MN; souri, Iowa, Minnesota, North and South DakotAa, Nehraska, a great part uf Kansas, the Iudian Territory, Colo rado, and Wyoming and all of Indiana, Mon tuna, Oregon and Wahington. To celebratu the con tonnal anniversary of this event. the Louisianna -Purchase Cxposition will be held in St. Louis, Mo., during 1903. The management of this E"xposition desire tho aasistance and co-operation of the various States of the Union in this antorprise. Fiye million dollars have boon appropriated for this purpose by the general goverinment and $10,000. 000 by the eity of St. Louis, and at rendy several States have made appro priations for uildins ani exhibits. The purpose for which the Exp os;ition has been unil taken Is a patriotic one and no doubl. the Exposition Will be a great succen; and much good accomp 118shud. COUNTY GOVERNMENT. Tho ecotomy with whicli the county affairs are ianag(ed fixes largely the weight of tile biur4en of taxation upon the people. Apart from the interest on the State debt and the constitutlon al tax for the public achools the tax for the support of the State govern ment in very small. It should not he yoitr blsinecss to adopt Special legisla bton for your individual counties, but tho combined wisdom of representa-; tive fromn each county, and being flamiliar with the different condi tions, should enable you to adopt Bitch monmurs for the government of the several ecountios as will be economical efficient, and just. The cost of tile dowrts and the administration of the laws, the mnaintenanGe of highways and bridges, and the support of the L penal and charitable insit tns. ar stubjectse iln whitel there 1.s great room for reform. WVhile It is 'rre that the condliitlone vary in the di:iYer S ent counties, it is also trute that there could be miore iuniformiity in ourt coOtn ty governnwtnt law and miore eC'onlomy li its adl mnistration. As'- the~ law now stands aitmc%e every counaty in the State has a differ'ent lawv from every otheri c-outnty, or' IfI the lawv is genteral, a numbher of ('ounties are excepted from its provisionls. There should1( 1:o *more uniformtity. Of courste (cOnditionsH *iminregairtl to certain matters ma~y be dlifferent in different counties, but. there couild be more uniformity in re gard( to manlIy subjiects than at presenlt.j h"le Conistitu:tion rireail(' it. Anything that you enn do to ;.hu plify' andl unifry as far as possible' the County Gover,nent Law willi be of benefit to the 1)eopl1 and shop ld have your effortls. Your attecntion has been calle.d to this subject a numbher of timnes, rnd though special legislation on certain subjects is inhibited by the Constiim tion, yet cvery session of the Geneiral Assombly finds a number of lawvs rem hating t,o local or' special subje:-is. Though these special laws have fre quiently been declared unconstit.ut iounal by the Cou rts it seems1 almost limpos sible to keep them off the sttute C: books. In several of tIle counties the past year there have been no Couts on account of the uncertainty of the onistitultionality of the jury lawv, and the (luestion is now before the Supreme CourIt for adju dica tion. Th is Ilaw u rnd the lawnm 1n re~ard to c'orporaitions need your' special attention. Thely have caused more troule dumring the past year than any othier question wvith which the admninistratlon has had to * deal and larg~ely becaus~e of the uncer tainty as to what the law Is. Such let islation should be carefuliy watched and avide(ld, if Possible. STATFi CEOLOGISTr. In accordance wvith an Act passe'd at the last session, on the 30th of *April Mr. Eairlc Sloan, of this State, -Was appointed State Geologist, lie im Inediately enter'ed up)on tIhe discharge of tho- duties of the office. In vicew of 'the South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition and the ad *vantages to the people of the State from an exhibit of the. structural in orals and forest products, a great por tion of the attention of the State Geo l ogist 1has be-en directed to securing ai creditable collecion for exhibition. There was nlot even a nuees of a coletlon in the State. This has given * the State Geologist v'ery little time for thorough examination of the mineral pl'operties, but has afforded a valuable prelImInary basis for mor'e compiilete and systematic wvork. A thlor'ough survey oV tile mariine lhotsphate beds of the State is now in progress with a view to dIeter'miniing StheO extent and approximate value of a State's r'esoutrccs in p)hosphCt. kg Upon the comleltioni of this ox aminatIon it is the purpose of the State Geologist to undertake a system atle study of the clays and kaollus of this Stato in order to determine their Inanifactured value. The State Geologist has responded to many demands by citizens for ain expert opinion In regard to the min exal features of South Carolina, and much general Information has been furnished. Of course a great deal could not be accomplished in ia few months, but suffi0eent has been dono to demon strate the wisdom of the I1egislature in providing a State Geologist and a De partiment of Geology. The State (eol. ogist tenders the Stato the gratuitous us.o of the scientific instruments and apparatus in his private laboratory provided tho State shall furnish him with an assistant to perform celmn ical analyses and assist in clerleal w:)rk C-or the State Geological Survey. ThIs xiuiinent does not comprive special apparatus and furnaces for making practleal working tests of china rays. lire clays, tile clays, brick clays, and for the fire assays of gold ores, etc. Thle sum of twelve hundred dollars wouild afford a satisfactory equipment and the sum of six hundred dollars woald cover a year's cost of chemicals and incidentals. These should be 'trn ished and the State Geologist should be given an assistant and required ta have his laboratory and office in CU lumbla. 'Pho assistant could remain in tihe office at Columbia and be able to aniswer IuquIlrics from citizeis who might, desire to consult this (epart m'llnt inl Cale the Geologist were .b sent on a survey or makinig investiga tions. I would also recommend that youi iprovide su i table funds for tihe Iublicationt of the results of the svork of tho Geological Survey In special bulletins to be issued frot timlie to time in order to afford readily avail ahle information on such subjects in response to the many inquiries receiv cd. I would also suggest and recomluItd the consolidation of the offices of State Geologist and Phosphate Insipe tor, both as a matter of economy anti of incremsed efficiency. The phosphato mines como properly under the iDe partment, of Geology and the Depart ment of Geology could very proper y and uppropi-lately look after the phos Phato interests of the State. B1Y I this arrangement you could very easily iri.sh an assistant to the State G Iml , ist without an increase of apprapri ations. The Department of Geology is a very important one and should !0 voive your encouragemen. SOUTil CAROIUNA INTER-STATE AND WEST INDIAN EX'OSI TION. At your last session you wlis-ly made all appmpriation of $50,000 for the erection of a State bmilding at. th" South Carolina Inter-State and WN'tst Indilan Exposition. Under the provis ions of that Act I appointed as State Commissioners lion. Louis Appelt, of Manning; Capt. Thos. Wilson, of Cades; Col. John B. Cleveland, of Col. John B. Cleveland. of Spartaa burg, and Capt. F. W. Wagener, presi dont of the Exposition Company. The Board of Comnmissioners subseque:ily elected Mr. A. W. Love, of Chester, as superintendent of tho State exhibit and building, and Mr. Augnst Kohn as secretary and auditor of the board. The Commission made contracts for the croctioni of the Palace of Agtrticu! ture, and it is gratifying to statte that t he State b)uildling is perhapsil the hlandsomest on1, the Exposition grounds. T[he collection of tile ex ihilts, wh)ich are entircly credItable, was largely unlder tile personal super visionl of Sumperint.endent Lave, who wo>rked in conjunct ion with1 tile 1 thtorities of th e ExpIosit111 on I cop"ny. TheC EX-osit ion is aI decided su'tc,s anld r'eflei:ts credlit uplon thet Stalte and up:on the South. The gr'eat purpt'ose for wichl it was undertaken, tile bri nging of ot' own people ilnto closer toll eh enia rging our trade relations1 with t,he Isa:tin States, and displayinlg to tho wvhoie world( the resources anld advan iag-es of this State anId (of the South. unlder tihe excellenlt mlanagemlent wh ichl has the Explosition ill chtare, mIust and( will lbe aLccomp ilishedt, and] South Carolina should feei a just pride inl this success. It is plropose-d, when the Exposition is over, to tmake a plermanenlt park out o.f the beault iful grounlds. ThIIis would heC a commnendlable ('lose for the great (ent erplris, and( it would be a 1hantdsomeC act onl your paint to tutrn over' the Staite building to tile Exposition Comlpalny or Its suc'essors at tile '1ose of' tile Expo.sitllon, anld such ai courso 11as mny hetarty approval. TRIUSTS. Recen(tl ly tile blusinless and polit.ical worlds htave been startled by great combllinaLtionsR of capital seekinlg toa drivec smaller comptet ing indulstric's to tile wvall andi to ac(iuire complleto eon I rol of tihe pro'ducts and( supply1) of cer ttaill articles of Itrade wich01 areo nece.s S5lries and( which tile peopile muslt have' at almost any prIce. 'Ill a great manOIy instanlces thlese comTbinla.tions have been1 succssful in their efforts to conl Itrol tile national marOket anl the pow er tile)' wield is Iimmense. There is no doubt that it has taken business ability of a hIigh order thus to gain control of a commolldity andl thtat wvithlout tIs ability it could nlot have been dlone. It is also truel that the trusats, if rightly condreL'ted, could be of b)enetit instead of an evil to tile con~sumecr. But as 'mSon as a monopoly is acquiredct the tenden t'y Ia to Opplrc5s, amnd with tihe gr'eat power whichl thlese combilnations wield tile oppression may bee'hnle unbeara: b)1e. Th'lis tendency has become so mar'ked, aind the evils~ resuitinig theore from so patent, that It has led to muich naTtionaOl and State legislation 0on theO sumbjet, but in mlost instan(ces to no avail. Combinationls are sf111 formling and tihose ali r'eady In existence are bcom lng more powverful. 'The tenldency to) wards(l cenitr'alzationi of wealth is he cominilg rpore mar~ked ever'y dlay. The trust is seekinig to cointrol ever'y 1line of inIduIstry and( capitalistIe mniolOiisY are becoming too powemrfui, It is only r'ecently, h1owever, thlat tile trust has invadied the b)orders5 of tis State, but at present It is actIve in seeking to gainl conltrol of tile supl ply of those commodities ini which it deals. In 189'i tile Genleral Assembly of South Cn.roniha nnanoe1 an Act "to prohibit trusts and combinations vnd to provide penalties," and at your lAst segsion a Joint Resohution was passed directing that the Attorney General (if the Stato be "requirmd to forthwiti ilstitute anl inlvest1lgation to doterinillo by what atthority the Vilrginta-Caro 11ia Chemical Cotpalny is doing hmst nISS iII thi'l Statte," and "whether S,id 0omlipaly or any 1)orsan or corpmar:tiin who may be elgagel in anly busines within this State has violated or is violating the provision of the laws of this State prohibiting trusts and com binations," and directing him to in stitutc such proceedigs as might be iocossary to punish violators of Sai'l laws against trusts and conmbinations. Proceeding under those instructions given him by you, the Attorney (ell oral instituted a thorough investigation to determine whether this compauy is entitled to do business in this State under theso laws of the State "prO hibiting trusts and Combinations.' A full and elaborate roport, showing the work he has donie and his plans, will he submitted to you. In the beginning he calls attention to the difficuilti..t le had to encounter. Tlie anti-trust aws have only recnlitly belon enacted in t is colintry, anld espciall in this Stat". anld are not fully dIoveloped. On the other hand they are as yet 'embry niC and Chaotic," in RoMe parHS being too sweeping and In othero not cover in; the entire ground. Theso combini tiois are organized secretly, and it is a most difficult matter to obtain deli, nito informatio"n in regard to the(ir* formation and the purposes for wiNch they are organlized. and definitt ilnfr mation must be had in order to he"in1 aii action in the Courts. If an onlaw ful conimbilnation exist "He proof of '.h e facts tendiing to m;tablIsh its existenC4 is locked up in tih record!h of the par ticipating corporations." As you will see from the Attorney General's re port, dITIcultirs of this kind are tho onecs that confroited im11 in Iis 12vety 1Pspocial attention is called to the defevts in the lavs of this State regu latig corporations. It has been the temidency in this Stf-I.e to give corpora timis alamost 11111lilited powers, such as the "vnlimlited power to dl("1 inl real estate,'' "t l. power to ac<piive and tralnsfer. shares of stock in other cor porations," "the power to plac kiltlI' mortgage or dc-l of trust its franchi es. as well as all or any of its proper ty.' WVhen a foreign corporat ion com plies with cerltain "proviSions 111d re c1uilrements." which "provisionls anld requirements" ammunt to littlo or nthing it "'sI:all enjoy the righ;s' of d(oMistiv Corporat.ins. In .hort. the tendeney in this State has been to give corporations the sa.me pmowc :o carry on busicnets which is accortiei to 1he private i1dividual. This principle is wrong. Copoprations are ervatures of the State. croared by tile S"te "ot as the conc-ssion of a right, but as a favor bestow..(d," aid as -much creatulr1s the State has a right to inquire in:o their affairs nd methods of t'ans,Ct Ing Lu.sine4s, and when it is sat.sflid their niethods are such as are not con ducive to the welfare of a majority of 'le woplc, timi that State which cre nted them has the right to put them out of existence. The Attorny (eneral suggests sv cr.l amendmants to our existing nti trIust laWs and the enactment of :eve r'a! new~ la.w. lI e h:'s made(lC a thior'ough investigaItion of this qunest ion of can trolling the tri::st s an d his excellent recort show,s muich study andt care ini its preCpa ration. 1t is w ~orthy your' mot caireful and thIiouht ful considetion 01 andI my pur'pose is sim ply to dire:.t your at tent ion to t.hat repor't. The annual ir'epat't of the I .nard of Railr'oad Cammeissionemi for the year .inst cl ose:1 is on of the mot compl)ete that has beeni i.;eted fraim this depari men. Th irty-inell (39) nileIis ofnw toil cage hia ve beten hbuilt an:I opieni for traffic during flme year. Thle Coin miissioni has ht'.d nmany impmttant andi di fficult prob11 lms wVi th wichi to d1ea1, affecting bathI the rail roads and the1 people. Thle solution of these problems, as wvell as the condition of the rail iroads in the0 Sta to, is fully sItoid in the report of the lloard, anld your attention is dlirectedl to Ithiis report for inforima ion concern ing this dlepartment of the State government. ST'ATE IIOSPIPTL FOR TIIE~ IN SANE. The constant accumulation of theo in sane in asylums has heen one of the most stairtling featuresa in the histoiry of the great chiarities of thle (Cntur iy just closed, th:"se great asylums he ing at once the pride of the humnani tairian and a atumbnl ing block to the legislativo economist. Ini origin our Staito lospital dates among the very first, and it is now1 enlteinig upon01 tiC e' ighiIitli year' of its existeonce. Alt ho chi unfor tunat ely Io catedl within a citty, when it should have been lonig since rem:>ved to the country, it has fulillled its imnportant mission in our Commionwrith aon-1 givcn shelter to over 10t,000) inmates, During the post year' the aidmliniont t.f '15)9 patilents h ias loen thle laigest in the history of th' institutIon. The giowi h of thle illOSPi tal during the Inst quarter' of a century, and os pet'ially during thbe last decade hnu heen a mattoer of deepeost concern to nl entrusted wvithi its adlministration, 1o the Excutive and Legislative br'anch es none the less than to the managing officer's. The p)rob)lemi has been to pro vidlo with due ecoiiomy for' all unforto nates within our borders who require the restraining cai'e of an asylum, while excludinf. 'uch persons who for various ireasons .nay not proper'ly lie consideired subjects for such charity. To driaw this line justly to the affiet edl and to the taxp~ayers is a piroblemn not easy of solution. A brief statIstical r'eviewv may Iteive to present the numerical and finan cIal sides of the question. Ttai Dnily Total Per Year.Patienits. A verage. Exj't'.e's. Cain,ta 1875.. 4i28 3111 $ ha 182 $2i0 40 18(0.. 54ti .r7 84.007 21.1 04 1895.. 9141 593 186 077 14( 391 18rO. .1014 751 100t.'744 13' 05 1 EtS. 1157 527 113.3312 11(1 76 I1' 0. .14 it; 1013 127.181 1(02 7i 190li. .1493 101r8 135,:P0 103 0 TIhe per1 capita is based upon the ac tual yearly expense for support and ments. From these instructive figures (1008 not include n-ormannnt. imnrown ments. From these Instructive figures It appears that while the population of the institution has mor than trebled tin tile total number as well as i tihe daily average, under care the total mnnuial expenses havu by rigid economy been kept at .out tihe same ligures, while t he0 cost per patient has been Ir ducedl over 0111 hundred dollars. Tho specilic appropriat ion for s"pi r.)lt propvIr has bcn(i about $100,000.00 f::-r ieatly twvnty years. In 1118 report for 1900 Supt. 1iab1: kcc expressed tlt opinion that it w. I "doubtful in viw of the present 1)1 ces of food stuffs and supplies whetlie the inalIitenance or1 support of pat.1its can again he met for $00,0.00. For the next year It is probable that Ihe sum total for this item willie ahb $105,000.00." The rsIlt has been :s predicted, and the lncessitics of ti hospitili have reitireIll an avera:;, monthly expenditure of over $9,thi. 0. and tle opillionl I1s, now advanced by the Superintendent that for the ii%t few years the monthly expese for support. alone wlli average $10.000.1I. In view of the figures aluve 1hov11 and the expenses for maint:-fiinin i Insane Isewhere the question itself whethier a too rigid eioloniy h not her1-etofore been eser ised in (Ihe mnallge il uent of the finlances of Ch. lospit al. As to the prosiect f reducing tDe nuimber of admisvions the loard otf Iegents inak clear in tliir report Ot their conceptionl of' the propolm.n ugenent of thir charge lies in the dH roctionl of thes br-,adc:;t phlli1anthr0 and charity with the grea!et good lo the greatest liuilbor. This l n therefore hesitate it) resrivt tHI right of admlissi.tI of any i onaII d W.::n of our State who inay rvti-.r ' Care, and they are -pec!'Illy itiri d against recoimmpndling thp rt,fu"al N' sheltitr to dependent, old peop!e, whlo would rightly fall to the eiumiody of poor-houses If thvsn vounty ret ri Lt mado adequate provision for the : and helpless. That the institution in imposed 1u1Pn in the forced ( recoptionl of no-r11 delits I ilave during thle nrt y :' . 1: d Imrsonal mxpuripnwo and hi:.n-wM l: from vorrecsponld ing wIthb o!T*.--1;!I:; t wo ni!ghboring State:. who woro p:% hihi'b i by law fro'n placinl ic formerly residents of this itat in tht r charitabllo institutions. This tIueI. n of "settlement," as it i.; tec i :t . Called, has been r "eei o thl ( vral A.semIbly for !:vmw I'ims but action has ben takln. It v.-h1 n aippwar that it, is a que:it ion of v- - in impo:l-an and that PElNr.:arvaik n.I nov domnids that., w(, I... t b: ith:i right o AdmOissI<, of nMn-: ;idPIMS to tile lopital -.s has benm n by c-;I neinhhcrs. Tho eet and Sprneui call attention to the ileed for he e: palsion and duvelopilen 'if !he Ik.; pital of a small alrca of In.ci ice and a (Iarter acres-adjoinin.", thtv plii re;lt grounds of tho ivgro blildin.: :11i recoiNmmend Its purchese at about $4,000.00 onn thoulsand dIollars beiig paid annually unltil tho whole! Is paid. As the ltilmliate benefit. to the ls:itaI of this ]land will be girat in comiqr ison with the annual appropriation asked for, I joinl in the r.commluea I: kion. Ti l STA'PI1 PENITENT1.AlY. The annual replort. of this in1s1ituia c will tie submiitted Ito you. The yeair .M-t;' closedi hias beaen a hari d onlle (il mi farmiers, and Ithei State farm hi c iave nio.t hbeen an exe'pt ioni. ICuplially h:av e the Statec farmiis sulTfceed, as a l1.e parii ian of the ilandt lies on thle river anu1 is siubjee c t v ver 1'aw. Thlie year i ha ly. Th'le oat erop~ inii I mm landsc the bo(110 tom iiads andi. there'foreC, butI littlec. corni was m:u;ln: te. Thlie crop) on the uiplanud w'as fairly goid. Th'le new pirisoin building has. b)een comp Idl ted and adds imuoch to thle enomi fort anad healIthI of thle prisonIiers. The Institution, hoiwever, hais done1 remiarkaly wvell aillnd maes a iocd shiowvin1g, eveni illrough greaMt 1oss was suistained( oil aciounlit. of' thte highi wa ters, and ( ev idenices(: eefu and pria dent mlanlagemlent onl the Part of the Superintendent and thle lloaid (if D)i rectors. CONVICT' ST.ATFEMENT. Prisoniers ini confiniemenCt Do0 IFrom Courts since t hat t ine.. 2d5 llecaptured( .... ...............8-24:3 D)ischlarged .. .......178 Pardioned ....... ............. 26 Escapod....... ...............1G Killed while trying to escape 1 D)ied ............. ............27 Acidenrtally kcilled ... ...... 2-2, in prIson December 31, 1901 . . .. 788 I"iNANCES. Ualance cish (in haniud D)ec. 31, 1100 ..........$ 3,933 13 Tiotacl receipts for 191 l...........70,823 18S-$7I,75G (1 for 1901........47,720 410 Ex pendedcc for 11er min ien t imprj)iov C melts .11....15,243 13 Cash in haiik D)e icimber' 31, 1901 I i,787 02-- $71,756 Iit in addition to thlis there is alrea'ly earined for the year 1901. inl sighlt and available, $6,150 and 100 bales of cot ton somewhat dlamaged( uiisolcd. CONCLUJS1ON. in whatever legislation you enact you shouild keep in ind11 the happiness and~( prosper'iy of the 1)eopl1 of tile State. T1he public treasury shoul be carefully guarded at all times, but es pecIally at thIn time should you be careful and( economIcal in ap)propriiat ing the people's money. Whatever' you undcertake that looks to the uplifting and betterment c)f the peolie and the pr'ogress andI development of th10 State will have my co-operatIon. TheIi legis lative and executive departments should uite thirl best efforts to oring credlit to the Commonwveal th andi to maintaIn a government whIeh will keep beforeo tile people the hIghest ideals of cIic virtue. M. 13. McSWE~ENE~Y, novnor. r D (OD( Conivict Labor onl Imi:lt. FE N1'.-es AvIlwich wa L;onle filit. .1go n11.!e in drl -v columl'1s la:t nbNo l;k1td in1 T rautos ulf pristpis and p l IttenI tharies he( Set :at wor.k b1i01bling hI proved roadis s nat h.1st to bw eI , 6 upl'l to at conib"!rableox"knt, andi wit'l y -itUifying resulIt. 'Ti co v -l ii Ohe State prisoll.ns rv .s a viule ot'... Nviso (.llployed, but thc(so ill cb:tr;n- of thle p-r1tentinries h:Ive n411 hwcn Io (l o provide wurs; inl pri-sonll ol for I ih, pr!senelrs unOetr thli.onr and a 11:tve o t: h i 4uht ld . It iht 4r1 (vn I:H ry prisonlevrs aro (.1l.ployvol eI. v et r'.d laitidn or at tuhn tn 'o .ihuilAiin-'. It is, ,I() I:lownl lh:tt any b!'.i ffcshavo hoo?i vx.N1wI:r-.,'l 17-01 1i10 IW:th1TWLIrg, Mwhil0 t We goal0 ef6*ctis a rv numer1ouo: autt ab oh s . . O wg lhahtter th s ' rI "1 .I'lCOnsII vu in 11the open w I;i r: fteI prisone rs are "y m;-1nle to Ipwy th!wir. w:.y3 ins- t it f be 1)cin 11, a heI:I vvy1 1h: 1 i uponl ilhe com u ility; Oth conls"r'lli nl of, g11ood ro.1 Is is pro:notlci :! 1( Il -..7 I (lit-ill 1" tI thelen.ittf t'hen i <li" i:cd: I: (he nu te oft pr isesis dnni se il,4 terv tranIII! all owher ".-,)Is ()' I* avtl cllivs won w co,.iitial to tihe( 1witentiv10:11-ytr yn. slo, :'r i-oning at A Iond building Iit miay b1 mok 1iled one of the chiof olhjtfecticaus o to lit sys"olm--the olf,vusivv parmtilng of con vict- in tho publihi v i " w -h:,) I c e found ronless, for no onIe wVoulI lako thet leividvntiary prisonlerswok ing on the road. tj be otherT' than,11 ()1 dlinary laborer.s. THict-e is raonson to bellevo Ihat. this U.y.;temn priAtlwaiably and prnoperly he0 v:%Aended ithroug,houit th ila1tv, :91,4 I' appV ied to tIh in tItII s 44f tate I i. MnS Its wellI as of'pntnire-we ctivir wvork fails. 'Ithe 1wi .,4 ini :)t. :h- hr oli- emplye rea : iring an I 1inin ailliin: the, rond., aftcr.i11-y :1re' 11:11. M<-1. of tho :i.ner 'F! :i ar notv ait vmlk, Imil. it is lu I l bg inlco lHioi. o" thw:n w v;,. idlo.1a1il wecro serioul-Ay ufI:m I);. ::lly, alld phy.sivnPy, f Io rn ork ,Il i4 A l ll And yo, w idlil Ith \ . ho.,r : '. C'.rivo of OsinlI.In aI h treds of inl o road 111 t ar 1 t4 1 11 :1(l1 I a1 reproach to lh 1111m1unity atnd n eniwr of N-exation :,nd( of awtimalievw:i 1.1ry ho-,s to all1 who are comjwlledl t ) uise nihem. Wvv ao not. mecan, ofur -mo, that colunt icr; and t own are441. to wa.li t un11tIlI pr!isonivrS van1 he steclin-d to hu'b1 ,N good ro:tlm. But wheiever an1 whr veri able bodied prisont-rs arv idlv C:lo rviuro ach1 of ha)n d 1rollds i a ggrav e411d two(LN,. All roads shoulld h,e liade 1111d k 91)t g(niI, M1nd S1l lWiSOll t1on 3 wh.)o re ia bleo to wojrk should be kwit n t heathfu andii nr14 !ofhal wor14 V(lk. '1'I:: aIre twot lle(s wh'1ich should he' (ion An~ Eixamltl1 or fio noner'14':. An t'.\aiiple( ofi the4 beneU-atis of gootl rut:i1 to a (0oun1try tow:1 is wel I e:: the4. Itondl4 Iq:41iy'3 Oiee, 1 )epartIm ni11 of' Agr'ilturei'(. Il fIond that gl)Jt1 road (inade Morrtg, 1'i:t1w1, Oe li;l Newo814 socia1bil ity3 )'1 11 beas the v'eopl1e for1 1iie ar1ounid, filding travel on theo haighways easy anid corafr1'ale, 4-ough.~lt rel1a xatIion :14 Ir. haprovei t icuit a gr'eat i11ni)tUs to free ru1:a1l postal delivery. I14e says: In that1 sectio lu :ore0 t'Ulnn (d01:b1e th numtber of' uiles were' covered'( bly car-" ier'i tlhaa on (conunon)I raa4ds, ami( no0w I i hiousie at 1t'00 e'x1('1nse thanI whlent the 1maf1 w'as carried u.ukr1 the star rcLute syste:t I',1t \ illalge to v'illaige, and1i left at th.ic itci'e cr posto'lice; a saving of L33J cn thtcsL roads. I was Iuteres53ted hII f.et ing thle resalxit or that free' rul1 delVivery, and4 here'~ it is. I w'ill give It to you int 1(eunt4 11!Ul1nhers, 38US; for I th month Ilifi JuLly a little shicrt of 1500 1)ieets ~'1S were caried'. Inl the 1m1n111 cf D)ec eiber' of' that. yeailr Jul th eret'' were. 8500, anid In D)tecem b'cr, 8003 j)iece4s carrie14d, anud at lit Lie ever. N"~ow, youl see, thero~ li sol1.1 impr1ovemen'it t here. '1'hait righ;It be mi lines of' businevso, but It Ila: mwe l( lttr writinug, wh4lih all tend1s to develop1 the~ Cauintriy. Now, here' Ia a furtheCr r'esul. Youi kniow th eily de-' lliey is by rt.Ies cf tihe l'ostotice D)o 11111tm:ent only pu11 tin citIes, andC it 143 established where' 114e el ly's popln. ticn la 14I0,000, 0or where1( 11he annualJ recceipto of the posIoilire f$I0,Q3O 11n1( over. Thii resu.lt, of thts Ia that no0w Mo0'rris t, N. J., has1 a1 city do liveiry, b)eense tihe rec(e4il1 s iJavo come ii) to the rcqtulred (~'10,000. These are' 1ome14 01' the resul'O ts or ' e rste ( ofl01 gooJ roadc.-New Y,.rk Tr'ibune, Th:ou" whot ohjected to tile high taxes for r'oad imprlovemaent Ilst spinIIg maIfy f.rd themeluu4en(! mlore hteavily Itaxedl w~ith had r'oadthan 1:1 If compe1)Clled to lpay (en151 to 114e (,olle ctor'. Ini somel por1 tlons of the SI ate fIrmer's are0 aIlmos0t biockcadedl when'i heavy snows full or the frost Is leavlug then ground11(. More beniit Is d1erived fr'om r'oad( talxes tll.tl ircmn any1 othaer sumsll eixpenided ini the co-nmunty.-Phiilndeilialn Iton, MILITIA IS PRAIS'D. Adjititnt (lencral Speak-; llighly of Our Soldiers. - Adjutant Genevril Floyd' annulrd I por I!. rapidly nearill comp100lton. It I:, to b rans:uit through the g v ra rto thl. en r l :e:hy lax htis i 1t :-o;lIuI -et wry 1.4 1 rk s Ge . Floyd "It vc Iliv Ilat re to n lote tho lit, u -um :.-: init : ; t am I enI,thu i a: thal pvrn ad . cvkry b r1h11 fir 11f11.1 f ill lcv. And I dal atitinns ii- ar a)I.(. hw i" il:! bk hy eli1::tmenlt in thO) in1!l 1,I'i ll 'I'llfm m ig tIe w yon !I;: mxn milting fcmli th v ari i-, mIit 1a ry ht Iw o f n'h t t crr till- ,o rtin g i 4nd a :in atof n I: l., :2; g Ii i Tho inIterl it your N x1 4 !N :-y vitlccd Inl ()Il pl F( cho P t illt I'l l u- at y 1 h v\ l .-. in:'14 s iI 4;.:'. s. to4 4" u:'4 ('4 t44 that .In 1:: .:-( 1: I:I (Il - . 1 'W-ti: t. i l o ': -,-I !y ::li' ! . e r i our -. 1h 4'. r t1r'oo:t. Th II :' .'4.:mi l ' t , :.,:(1-.Y Ihl ll nt:-h.e o .( :1 '. ov. 1 :1-i a (1can::. 1n . -Q ' fill' 1!41 .ilJ ,;..v., I4 . lit, the :'. t If I if- :, Inl l :: i;' 1114 i , 'i.tan!11, (1 1, 1 l: - n 1 "n ,:"I ..I, : 111 h. A vl i( wIlh I a 4ru Iy ' i I. In1 w \V in (i:.n ii 4nd . " I I4 I: n 'Sol h nr lIn:Ia f( ll 4 :: I h: ( :' ,i (i- Lwr 4i "1 - 1 in hr bc providin- atlple a Lrp it:< : Ahr he r ! I r ' SOld it 4'.-' 4runic t fr :: r1u Ing .1 1 1' .', th iilit or (th4 i S I :ll : I 4 14( 04 $10,000. vach S:-,te dr: In I% (II-; 1,y, It prvt rat-a s.I.I-nte ac(torl- Iiin :;, to po u tgn, lin Mlarh Il *II p '0 , t hw inter , a: . Ia t it)nall ( rd < intionl compl -I e t dj:, cncra1 h (1 1th .0ak! .:;- 10sledil in 1 < nvientIitn at \ a!ii.,. ion, for th I,.!u p m I f w- )t, t,I i n at:, ,,i imri ;>rers ing Iu 11 1' n:- , 1 ph , i .' I 4 : It: it11 r n ilw ll - f io r<. i:.- Lh a ii ft :11!1 no pr. ia I i 11 l. z for 114 .4i.i ' I i it il of lt 1 - 114:m 1. 114.1 t nyt i it W, F 4f(' m-'':' 1141L It in :', .- - te i -i e :I( f) till < n nn k, I <I,m -t lil hI i n- I. I ; - In h v I v s I ( i- - t, 14) Iit(' 4(~ (:I4, ' 4 1 - ' -w , I iol 1wil 44)[Initf'' . ! I''' v 1' j( lb. ,], %s io ,, 1141 cdI411 il v11' I mll I4 4)- t4 thl It' 4(4I mat I1a Ir : j, 4 1 % I IA P 1\ lt pru i . 1 F i4n II r . ''it i. inIaI L re ae b I t I. . ' : I lto lIi't 1 1 he r)': .1 i :1n. mI(IIT0.14A' the vi] I';I? n r i . I 4 I tIn i r 4un w ' k :1 11 i : - \v i t I n of' apropr4iat'ion li'ae 4 14:1 4 :': 'n'h curr(er1.y o year 1)4o 1w : 1p:1 4'na -.1: e mIt. s.41 An-1 1 durin;: "11. <444:1 -. ("'(4 'iio he 411re l In.i 1''4 : 4e in t !' .,4l 11):1 fh <inl: r ( '( . 124. ( fh - p.) 0th.n of oihc'r J.' I - 1- In 4( n..444 4 tr(I'olud iI en o 14):hh '2 a: ; Au1i lee l y 1 :; n11 4 a'1' l( s oif ied(4 1144 1th 4' III t 4. aInV ll:, th -4 1di' ;;( 11 -'''l' I d raylle W ith 0 d 4':e' ' i;. 1' -"' whomhi h1l'ltI' pr'cen .E.r ex Jaiec e~iv wi:h, the,, rann2.e r4ih .1'. n:. that fori a'lolanirpose 425.4 - b e l(;:'1 i'r the 1oif01 r-r41 1 .41 rv' i' iO.1the' fli tah brec tpi: i I ifle.11 (4n<(4 ('1n r't enn (4ns1 on Rjear hst i uponI lll the1( ':ni J ict. of its mnl:.1 . li11vr 1eg4414 ,i tan VO o)4 hard us1ag 11nt Yl that tase with 211:.i11n it a n beC( k4 p l4 lean f' a'.i l I i n C 1 der, f whl ith eag :'n t -m iW o a -it. mecaism 1, en )'agl iIent 'I, 1nsy 4t 1411 out. of' od r Ihard to I1( <4I (4 :441n, rn "An to I y p14 oitionr i ~the 14 '- I 14I am l, af4r (: al e::4 I :h 12 oflIth!e Kra tite, to. n4Ho.r t o 'a . 1a 3bove hpllsn nt~'S wea1(1 :1.: -. i.(1 - ever, that1 few''011( ho4 wO:-n)' (rr. i111- 1. te ac oman141m14':t ha-:e bca JiOWa armte wth oth Kr1900. fr a.o