The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, December 06, 1901, Image 4
T11 MESSAE
What the President Says
on Important Subjects.
TRUSTS AND RECIPROCITY
How He Would Deal With
These Problems.
He I)eclarea Publicity in at Present
the Only Sure IRemedy Againnt
Evils of Conbinations-While OIp
posing Any General Tarit Change.
Hie Upholds the Principle of lIeti
procity - Advocate" Ieduction of
Duty on Cuban Imports luto This
Country - limportance of Building
tbe Isthnilan Canal and the i'acitle
Cable Urged-The l'hilippines and
U ber Insular Questions.
Washington, Dec. 3.-The president
in his annual message to congress
says:
The congress assembles this year un
der the shadow of a great calamity.
On the 11th of September i'resident Me
Kilnley was shot by an anarchist while
attending the Pan-American exposi
tion at Buffalo and died in that city
on the 141th of that tmonth.
Of the last seven elected presidents
he is the third who has been murdered,
and the bare reeltal of this ft ot in
suflicient to justify grave alarm among
all loyal American citizens. Moreover,
the circunstances of this. the third as
sassinatJon of an Aierleant presitent,
have a peculiarly siniaster signilicance.
lBoth l'resideot Lincoln tan l'resident
Garfield were killed by assassins of
types unfortunately not un1comn1on Inl
history, President L,incoln falling a
victim to the terrible passions aroused
by four years of elvil war and l'resi
dent Garfield to the revengeful vanity
of at disapiolinted olice seeker. l'resi
dent MeKinley was killed by an utter
ly depraved crimitnal belonging to that
body of criminals who object to ail
govern neii ts, good anId bald alike, who
are agailst any form of popular lib
erty if it is guartuteed by even the
most just antld liberal hnws and wvho
are ais hostile to the upright vxptiaen-t
of a free people's sober will as to the
tyramtleaii and Irresponsibit despot.
Anarchy and Anarchistu.
The president. continust' with at
eulogy of Mr. MKinley, then turns to
the subject of anarchy. denouncing Its
doctrines and preatcher'S. lie says:
I earnestly recommend to thecongress
that in the exercise of its wise iliscre
tion it should take Into consideration
the coming to this country of :ttureh
ists or persons professing printiples
hostile to all government and justify
Ing the murder of those pliced in au
thority. Sucli IndIviduals as those who
not long ago gathered in open ueet lug
to glorify the murder of King 1lutn
bert of Italy perpetrate a crime, and
the' lawv should insure their rigorous
puilshmient. They anti those like them
should be kept out of this couuiry, and
if fouind here they should b)e promplltly
leported to the counitry whence they
camne, anrd farrea cliug prov isioni should
be made for the puaiishmient of those
who stay. No mlatter canlis more
urgently for the wvisest thotught of the
conlgress.
A Subject For Federal Courts.
The federal coulrts shouild be given
jurIsdiction over atny man who kills
or attempts to kill the president or aniy
man who by tile constItutIon or by
litw is in 11ine of sulccession for the
presidleney, wvhile the puishimenit for
an ustuccessfuil attempt should be0 pro
l.ortionetd to the enlormnity of tihe of
fense algalust otir Ilstititionsl.
Anatrchiy is a crime against the whlae
hunman race, and all mantikind sthould
band against tile atnatrchist. ills crlime
should be made ant offeinse against tile
haw of nIatlins, like p)iracy' and that
form of man stealing known as the
slaive trade.
'The president next conailders busi
ness 'onlditionsB, wiich lie fnds highly
satisfactory. He continuest
The tremnlndotus and hIghly complex
inIdustril development whlehl wven t onl
with ever accelerated rapIdity durIng
the latter half of tile tninieteeiithi cen
ttury briiigs us face to farce at the he
ginnintg of the twe'ntiethl with very
seriousa sociailproblms. Th'Ie oldI laws
and1( thle old culstomis which had almnost
theo binding force of htw were on1ce
quite suillelent to regulate the ac
culmulation and distribution of wealth.
Sin1ce the indIustrial clhanlges which
have so eniormously iincreased the pro
ductive power of mankInd they are no
longer sufieient.
Trade Combinations.
The growth of cities hats gone on be
yond comparison faster thiatn thte
growth of the counltry, and tile uIp
buildinlg of thle great industrial centers
has mneanlt a startling increase nIot
merely In the alggregatte of wealth, but
in the numlIber of very large indilvidual
antd especlaOy of very large corporate
fortunes. Tile creation of these groat
corporate fortunies has not been due
to tile tariff nior to any other govern
mental actionl, but to ntatulral causes
in the business world, operating in oth
er counitrles as they operate in our
OWn.
The process has aroused much an
tagoniism, a great part of wvhichl IS
wholly withotit warrant. It is nlot true
thalt as theirnih have grown rIcher the
poor* have grown poorer. On the con
trary, iiever b)efore has the average
man, the wageworker, tile farmer, the
small trader, been so wveli off as In this
country and( alt thle present time. There
have been abuses connected with the
accumulation of wealth, yet it remains
true that ai fortune accumulated in
legitimate business can be accunmulat
ed by the person specially benefited
only ont condition ot- conferring im-.
mense Incidientall benefits upon oth
era. Successful eniterprise, of the type
rblh h bnftsal hn mantkind can emnly
offer greitt pri-/.es is tile row:tdis of
sullcess.
iteanunn For ('nti ton.
Th'le president adlels that there :ire
mantiy reasolls for e:lltionl in enlillg
w%1It ih corporations. lite s:ys:
The 88lme hitshless condiition., whh'he
have iprditeedl the great a:grea:tielns
of corporate and14 Indli(btualw:ih
have inlade thtIl very pote-nt f:tltor's ill
Internattital c"tumuerei:al volilet it ii l.
MloreoVer, It eanuot too ol'ten hne
pointed out that to strike withl iignoranlt
Violence at the inte're'sts of one set ot'
men'l lmost Inovitably enel:tnngers the
interests of all. The fliti:unental rule
in our titional life the rule wile'h un
derlies all others Is that, on the whole
and In the long run, we slutil go uip or
down together.
The techaltisl of inodern busln :;-t
Is so iellento that extreine enre iliust
be taken not to interfere with it in
a spirit of rashlness or ignor:ei. In
dealing with business interesls. f'ot'
the governnlent to undertake by crudtl
andi ill consideredl (egiSlath>n to dlo
what mnay turn out t e h:il wmili
be to incur the risk of such ':arrench
Ing Iatioal dis:stet'r that it woui he
pre'ferable to ulnelertake nlothin.: 11 ll.
The mnla whoa em.llli the inupossibh
or tilt uidesirab le serve as the :llies
of the forces with which tIny are noin
tially at war, for twy hi: haIper 1itIse
who wtoul enenvor to findl out in r:a
tionl fashion whaIt the wrongs rialiy
are and to what extent and Inl What
m:tnner it Is lr:aetitable to :ipply rein'
dies.
Ilow to ('orrect the l;t"IIN.
All tit!: is true. o l a vet I it i also
true that there ar real andl gi:ive evils.
one of theOelhiof bein- ov"ere:tl i.-tliza:
tiont beeanse of Its iiuiny h:atlu con
setiuences, ande1 a resolute nd iraiiit'llI
effort must be itnle to correct the-se
evils.
It is not limitation upoll property
rights or freetoi l of onlrtract to re
quitl'e that w"hu nlen tun i vt"'iV 'rom go
elrlnment the {erivih-ge of doitng htlst
ness under eor{lorate f'orml, which frees
themIl frot individlual responsibility
and ennbhles thern to call inito their en
terprises the ' i pital of the iubli', they
shall do so t1pion ab solitely trutlifiul
reiirtsentti ions as to the Vaite of the
i'op erty ill whihi til' t'pital is to be
InVested. ('01':11ratiOnIS ('ngaged4 inl Il
tetstat etiume tree shouldl he rit g dlat
if they atre t dtti to exerit'ist a lie si'
Working to the pitblic injury. It shoull
be as 'imeh the it n of those who seek
for social beltert'Ient to rii the busi
ness wvorlil of erites o' 'itnning as ti
rid the entire body politii of ri sti of
tlolenee. (iret corpor:tions exist olly
bet -alust they are reted :mid sal't
gu itrded by o t r ilsitti is a d lit ito
therefore outr - right :ltld our (Inty to
righ that tiey work iln htinolt' withl
these h stot lit' tionts.
Pi ubl' elty the l"i't l1'gesenltitil.
The first essenti l ri deterininig
how to de l w1' il the great Inliistrial
combiin:ations is knowledge of the faet5
--publicity. it the itterest of' the publ
lie the goveritlint 't' houl hlave thte
right to inspect and exatniute twork
qigs of tie great eoriorations entrIed l
ito itt'rtate business. 'liit' is tle
only sure 'retly which we cnn utow
inl.toke. W\'hit filiuher rellit-di s are
needlel in the waly of g'vlt'nmetftai
regtitton or taxation ann .t'.ly be be
terlined nfter 1)11)1uiity has heen ob-'
tied by piroess of law adttlt In the
soureutg of ai a Istrain Theus itl
ratduilOitls knowuledgte, fullk' and o
taubliIto bhe twor 'giktlg f.h
tetienh hodlies,3 suc atorortiens
ad Jcoltdtoak or oter asot'corse
aephnditie tpon rnyte sofut' laswafo
their enceary.t (riih-gstl should be
vsion, laud mull stdrictiratelinf'loma
tionras bodtir ofpteration. slh ol
mado public regu ltolly atff'renso nbd
lTlluiil 1111the lagecrprait ts, com'nly
calnt tors e hontro ioganze i one
state,a nlwaysti dol buIness11' ie tunnye
aulte l often doingivery ltt bitnesst
on the stau'te wh8r thtI ea tre ncop
rated.uThere isvt utoter h c tnirm
shold the satemitts toboutt thet,nd
Dnowr'pwroe hi es thai
Trale should limpssebte tiget adf
qucr,t e uhiio~n tug sctau'y non.
InTheoe bint introueest ofthe Iwhte
peoplof the naone. shotid,ul witou in
tprfoinetgd with mpowrrof th ittes
broahet materse nl, also ttum powergInl13
oftsuerIso vad'* ' '1c r'hti lver iol
busorins oinglo andntrt'us
gArdi Cntiuniecessary.t ceit h II
Whsen thclusonsttw. n wasguft toplted,
the sand tof the gehtenthonury,
providemin Isdcontctsl foratll wt'e
anod pobten (lond lieions,r whnehiereito
tad that seal stages er the pror
wholly dffrwoen ation cIdenad for.
I beiv tha a n en efae
iN .'Xit'- Iit' lt S : tI:y lt' It' i ;liti l oi ll
t sil unt('11" : tt ;h- ,m ha.4 t1 i; itn ion Il l he t
fl1 es. I' 'I 1: 11i! \. il,1. It \ t"tlt l; in t' ill
sio lil r Iit 1 i ti' t u'\it v Iie ti. I viilh
:1';l1i:. rl' it -si1t1 t;rti ll 1'ights o
lt it'r:.. t' lrt S I. l i' I ll i '. ' ti l u :1 llti-s
IIo slIlth i niu il I l i In- sc pal'or
sl ll 11 :lIt ll lilit' I liti ii l i t' tillitI'I
11111 o\ ' ( tIl'' In '14 :I '"l tIii Ilt'1 g11111
tlctl t l on u ' 1 1 t h' "II, 4;rl:11r . t rlights
tuinll III C1t' s thIs 111 I i ct lon ' Ih o r
t litt'i a1ly ov 1e it, - Illt' rn ti 18 t. ilt
11 1l1ty1 Ilian14 11 " of I 1ii :11eet ol. Bu ( Ist
(1113'ls toc us,'t th t11442 Il't" ('d loll nhv':t
tilt 143'Itl( llI l Il \ t'1'llt'lll' ('11112 : 1t. 4 I
l it' assoTts h:tilli t't h in t ii.r: tio laws
are tlsaltisf:aclory iand that it h:1tw
sllouhtl he ('tInetdt'ci to (eep oti t not only
a111 ist 111 1, Iut pe1r-sons of at ll I m nlr:11
tcntl('ncy (1r Of unsal\gory rpu t1ti n
aint th44os21 who are belt' w t ce'talin
stlatui rd of (11 on1ic 'ituess to ('nter'
our Inldustr"iI livid as. Comlpetitors withl
Atletril(at hohor.
The 'i'nrli8 anud I)e Ir('aety.
'T hell rside. d t' 14e4a111rsIl i tIat nothing
Coul be tnurl' uIwIsI( thanl (o disturb
the b usin'ss inte'r ts(1 of thet' c"ounltry by
aiyi general tariff change att this tiet'.
1i1e adds:.
Yet It Is not only possible, but emi
nently deshable, to (holbie with the!
stabilty of our economic systet it sup
p1'l('ntary 5ysteml of reciprocnl benle
t 11111 obligation wIth11 1ther nations.
Such recipl'oty is n lit ncilent and re
sult of thil illr cstatblisht ent and
pres'ervatliol of oil' present ecollolicll
po'lIy. It wils speally providled for
In the presecnt tariff law.
Iplte"ipro(ity ou'st he trented as the
hn11ii11iden of protection. Our first
dutty Is to seve that the protection grant
ed by the( tariff Inl vVery case where It
Is needed Is ainnitained, and tlet reel
proclty be sought for so far' as !t ennl
safcl y h1' donc without Injutry to our
hote industries. .lusa how far tihs Is
must ho detterinined according to thle
indivb(lOal case," remlinlhering alwnys
thatt every applie tion of our tril' poi
icy to meect our shifting national nteedls
must hle condlitloned upon the eardina;l
fet that the dutil's moust never b e
reduced below thet- polit that will cover
the difference between the nhor cost
here and abroa. ThIie well hiing of
tie watgewoller Is a prime considera
tion of our entire polrey of economic
legishaItonl.
Need For Wider MarkcetN
Subject to this proviso of the proper
protection necessary to our lindustrial
well being at holue, the principle of
reciprocity mluist cotand our t e .arty
support. 'he phenoi1enal r'owvth of
our export trade C(41 niliiszes th(' ur'
gen cy of the need f1r wier mlarkets
and f'o r at lib'ral 1111o in dealing w\oith
foreign nattions. \\'h: tever Is m1erIcly
petty and Vexatious 1:' the way of
trade restrtction$ shoulu he avoided.
The customers to wvhoin we dispose of
0111' surlplus prolucts in the losg run,
dire1tly or Indirectly, purchase those
eurplus pro)ducts by giving us some,
thing in return. lhlieir abifity to pur
chlase our' products should as far as
possible oe secured by so arranging
ou ttrift' as to enalle uIs to take from
themt those products which we ean usp
without harm to our own'I lndustrie,
and lanor or tlh fs' of whleh will be
of m11ar-ked benclit to uis.
)11t11 s osIt mof'tant21 that10we shoull
min Iti he Igh 0level1 fofi our bpresnt
prserity.1 We1av notw reachedil to the(
plointin the(121 deve1~lopmen'atrflour 1)01
ofterests wheret wlirent onrly ablve to
suIly II our1 ownpI marke'ets, t Ito
aure aiition.stan ltlyh g ritngsurplstfor
whsiche ofst wIdr muarkets forad.r
Izae exisindutes and anyl casove aher
they arenoy ongcernd for the hpr
pork for rthetIon, Co inI' anys case
wethe inlartcil i's no t1roducd her
Iad te dulty is ollb lof'e necItessary
fowell ue at s glli(''ilg bus'1t something to
Te' coralehItIons wih ote tnn
Urtued btte o ow'l t11toeests. 101
Te naturaof (0line ofi development for ta
dtilton htose 0 of1 gour prsodtin
whichs no Alnere reuIelt ofhthp su.
pot once needed41 lo stablh themhil
uofrn ount basis. aw of' tose fat
foswhere teithIp,r beenu e f ofatur- or
radah ol scces,sifulom esselson.
spt 'unk the41 ainto of thI set to
a'eThlei terfchat tMartne.oiIl
coth onditIngo thneiAlrn mhIr-I
gredate hnI r tmeda eaetioby that te
wges lItIs disreditabilert s as ea
mparo ver thatlof other han thoch
wed h ovetpcesndea omen of buseIns
We houd nt lnge sumi to condi
,:111t:t- i \'l ntliviug ~l t Ilr ships Is f:i'
uy r"ittr to t .:Mil rt of, livin', oil
hel sh'lits ui l' 'till ll,el"t'i0:Ii rivals. (llll'
,ov rlv ln' tiull tike Sinel aetion Is
Alleri:tti" litl-int1 rill ti lle shotldti he
restor,ill to the oien.
FI iiltie it i ti.
Ihe passa;;o 41if lipth iet- estabishing
g'i itas the Hunlari totlu ey has, It Is
let'lted, b"en shn toli b4etintimely and
juicils. The preside-t ades:
a iiuiinii rpi lite ile(' nalt iional bank
nty lnw I rilnlsh's sl:Ililient libri'rty
the pr-op.l. oxrieef- the banking
fun thit1, htll liute set'leie s to he nied
of heller s:tfe.urnars against the de
r:ll gitig inltiu li-e of e .tlliterelll crises
anld liiinen panliles. .ioreover, the
cturrent-y of the country sht d be
node resiuons:ve to lie thiinils of our
do)nt<:ait' tI lli 0 andeu n'nrllt'ce.
I:etloo11y illii t'11t11(15e is urged.
Atitlln e it of the interstte ol tnerl"ce
net is tlvi etl to itsu ltil- the a-dinl
pwovisionls of thIItIle . The work enr
iel onl by o tf hle Itrle tii t of agri ul
titre is nexi ,"ons'<lere,I and prarserl
sieghlly. The president enl turns to
forest preset ath>n and Irrigait n of
arid lantis, sayiig thatt bothIi are highly
necessary. lie would put a 1 ll gtheork
Ill eunneitl with the forest reserves
In hntage of the bureau of forestry.
Irrlgation).
The president ontinues by tracig
the connect ion between the forest re
serves andti oeater supply. Ie stys:
The forests ate natural reservors.
By restritiing the streniuls In flood
and replenishing thlen in drought they
Make possible the use of waters other
wise wosted. They prevent the soll
fronl was:hing;I td so protect the stor
age reservoirs from illlng u p with
silt. l'orest cnseivation is, therefore,
an essential condition of water conser
vatlon.
Th'le forests alone ennnot, however,
fully reguinte and conserve the waters
of the anrd region. (reat storage works
are necessary to I to he flow of
streams and to sav tlleth flood waters.
Their constr'uetlon hash been conclu
sively shown to te an undertaking
too vast for private effort. Nor can it
be best acomnplished by the tndtvidual
states aeting alone. Thle governm11enit
shoul eonstrucet and munintain these
reservoirs s itit does other pttllic works.
Where their purpose l to regulate the
flow of streamtls. the wiater should be
turned freely into the chantlnels in the
dry season to take the sanle course
under the same laws as the natural
flow.
The rechlnl1ttionl of the unsettled arld
public land presents a1 diffeerent prob
lel. IIere it Is not enough to reghit
the flow of strenms. Ttihe object of the
government is to dispose of the land
to settlers who will build homles upon
It. To gnecmplishl this oiject water
vust he brought within their reach.
T1he pioneer setters or the arid pub
lie donatin chose their homes along
Strenis fro1) which they could ther.
selves divert the water to reclaim their
holdItgs. Such opprtuIties are prac
tilly gone. T1here relnnin. howev
vast areas of tublie land which otno
made available for honestead sett
Rnrt, but only by reservoirs and mt
lint enals unpratctiele for priva
enterprise. ghese irrigton works
Theould be hult by the national govern
ment. 'The thnds reclaimed by them
whouc bel re by.the gove n t o
S.T'hr aculti'settlesdthe flot thf dc
trinueo o ithte wterte) dvo wate
111ith s't niu admotinot igtrs, s~ihoud
caut interorncewtto.laso
witvete rhts.ms
Thesdlaratetion s mae tht itre
Rthd tteto ony tttrihtia A0 later
whaic liis.ouldb relcogized lare toa be
ues.t ihe preidet ay tha the doc-ub
uttIng the rivaeonershl ien ofae
ther Ifroml~0t t indtenfnotitreva, awditOis
Inhsularc quesvon are next teatues
in ofnwllMory aI ut the ctos ofveuop
the teraity on1(the tradtional iAers
wean thnes P)ortsoldc be elard to hae
etriyn as nyvurno''h attentint h i
oton o ons isdneed to the vitleed(1 of)0
veisti orn cuoncarnia theicond iub
thc Unite. InCutattsettesta
putin theindependentth govipermetof
the islan tiup o a horm hfooit,ic ands
declred It,oht tieendl ee ilas bes-n
lecl' op(ishe ft. he prstidenieth
Eclsewhere0 I) haveiscse the luoegn
tionrt ofreipoeiy hop the case o tCu-i
bat however hereiare bweiht reonso
oft mtoaltyan of nattionalt maters
wahyo the reley ftldce heltohave
neesly sk yours ltetin ot'ovterwi
dom,w iedt the viauleed, of lpro
vidingyinviria rubstntialih reution in
the fartfas dties n reannabmort hnoe
Inah dalin wihtth the ilppine pai
ple.'t we mtuist'how hothf patneand
steenhfobeance tand seastit Thre
sir nto otyfd for snelf goern-l
ivhat hatsc lshert beeidone it. ttoit
vle heto byeve ithei'w becst oeign
*overnmnts. shw toentoivo f to
riha t hsueve instoree beeade ory
any slgestl ne of r tailino tok
iahon oufhereatly Ireeanatrionspi.
Te onyier lest in our oedrnc
T'nletcegiete had dere fine
hereyr invtill reoetlen ahed diate
ovens Themisurrs etonhf boenme
a no ataro locl bitt fori selfaover
hent who eservs no reciver regautd
-a el eta incrancssi
-v--hv-o-ewthrwnbcus h
thant the brlgaunds of portions of tho
old world. Euicouragement, dIe'' t or
indirteet, to these insurrecto't( stalnd4 oil
the saine footing as enicmragentent to
hostile ninilans in ti'_' days whett we
still hail Idiatn ww:ars.
The Ireshlent declares that the time
has coiin' for adhlitionaI leghslaion for
the I'hlil ipities. I It, says'
It is teeessary tait the ongress
shouhl pass Ia ws by whithelt the re
sout:-ees of tilie islanis eni he developed.
so that franchises (for limiited ternts of
years) ectn hne grarltted1 to (outipattles fdo'
!ng hisiness IiI them aiid 'very eneotir
ageitet he giVen to the incoming of
business muen of' every kind. It Is ur
gently neecssary to entet suit:le 1\aVs
dealing witII general transbirt:laiou.
'miitiuig, hailItig, eurreney. homesteads
and the use antI owiership of the lands
and timber. These liws will give free
phay to ind list rHi I enIerprlse, anld tin
Ctilier'iIi deVeltlilnltt which will
surt ly follow wll aiflord to the peoplie
of the Islils the IIIest proofs of the
sincerity of our desire to n1l Iheimi.
'he ('shle attd the ('unu.
I c l yitl aittniitiol most e:rnist1y
to the crying need of a e:ile to Ilanitil
and the l'h!lippines. to he iu:ttiued
front the l'hiliippines to Points in Asia.
We shoul not defer tIny longer than
necessary t lie cotns rutl ion of such a
Cable. It is dteinantided not merely for
commereil but for p olithl-nl and mili
tiy consideratiots. Eiither the Conl
gress should inimediately provide for
thle constructot of a governtnent ca
ble or else an arrangetent should he
made by whlih like advantages to
those iccruing from a government en
ble may be secured to tie government
by contract with at private cnble com
pany.
No single great material work which
remains to be undertaken on this ccn
tineut is of sucit conseiuence to the
American people as the building of a
canal neross the Isthmus connecting
North and South Amerlca. Its impor
tance to the nation Is by no ieaiis lunt
ited merely to its material effects upon
our business prosperity, and yet wNIth a
view to these effects alone It would be
to the last degree Important for us liml
iediately to begin it. While Its bene
tictal effects would perhaps be niost
marked upon the Paellic coast and the
gulf and South Atlantic states, it would
also greatly benelit other sections. It
Is emphatically a work which it is for
the interest of the entire country to be
gin and complete as soon its possible.
I am glad :o be able to attnounce to
you that our negotiations on this sub'
ject with Great Britalui, conducted on
both sides in a spirit of Iriendliness and
mutual good will, have resulted in
m1y being able to laly before the sen
ate a treaty which, if ratified, will en
able us to be.gin preparaltions for an
isthmian canal at any timte and whileh
guarantees to this nation every right
that it has ever asked in connection
with the Caiinal. It specifically pro
vides that the Inited States alone shatll
do the work of building and assume
the responsibility of safeguarding the
'anal and shall regulate its neutII lise
.v all nations on terms of euiuality
'he guar31antee or Interference
..,side nation fromt any quarter.
The Monroe Doctrine.
ihe Monroe doctrine should be the
cardinal feature of the foreign polley
of all the nations of the two Americas,
as It Is of the United States. The Mon.
roe doctrine Is a declaratIon thatt there
mlust be no terrtitorlal aggr'and(izemeInt
by any13 nonl-Atmetrican power at the ex
pense of any AmerIcan powetr on Atmer'
icanl soIl, It Is In nowlse Intended ati
hostile to atny natIon In tile 01(d world.
Still less Is It intendted to give cover te
any aggressIon by one new world p)oweI
at the expense of any3 other. It Is sit
ply a stepI, andi a long step, toward as
suring the universal peace0 of the workl
by securing the possIbIlIty of permua
nent peace on thIs hemnisphlere.
During the past century other influ
enccs have established tile permtanene
andi independence of tIle smialier states
of Europe. Through the Monroe doe
trlne we hope to be ab)le to sa1feguard~
like Independence andt secure like per
matnence for the lesser- among the new~
World ntations.
ThIs doctrIne has nothing to do with.
the commercial rehltis of any Amer
ican piower save that It in truth allowi
eacht of themh to forml such as It desires.
In other words, it Is really a guarantee
of the commercial Independence of the
AmerIcas. We do not ask under this
doctrIue for any exclusive commercial
dealings with any other Amrlean
state. We do tnot guarantee any state
agaInst puniashmlentt if it miIsconducnts
Itself, provided thitt punishmlent doc.
nlot take the form of tile acqluiaition of'
teiriitory b)y any non- Amierican power~u.
Outr attitude In Cuba is it sutlelet
guiarantec of otir ownI good faith. We
hav'e tiot the slightest desire to secet''
any teri-itory at the e!xpenste of any of'
our nelghibois.
The Navy.
The p)reslident devotes considerable
space -to the niavy', theO upbulldlng of
wvhich, 11e says, sho0tild1 be steadily con
tinued. T1he nalvy offers us, it is declar
ed, the only means of insisting on the
Monroe doctritie, and a strong navy is
the best guarantee against war, Hie
recommends thatt provisionl be mnade
Inot only for more shIps, but for more
meni. Four thousand additionatl sea
menD anId 1,000 atdditioial miarineni
should be provided, as well as an in
crease ini ofllcers. A fter iudorsing thet
naval militia forces the p)residenit satys:
Bunt ini addition we shoumld at once'
provIde for a natIonal naval reser've,
organtizedl and trained unlder the diree
ttotn of the navy department and sub
ject to the call of the chief executive
whlenever war becomes imiiniiient. It
should be a real auxIliary to the naval
seagoing peace establishment and offer
Imatetrial to be drawn oit at once for
manning ouur ships it time of war.
The Army.
It is not necessary to increase out
army beyond its present size at t his
tIme, but It is necessary to keep it at
the highest point of elliciency. The in
divIdual unIts who as officers andi en
listed men compose this army are, we
have good reason to believe, at least as
efficIent as those of any other army in
the entIre worl. It is our duty to see
that their trainlig Is of a kind to ini
Isure the highest possible expression of
power to these units when actIng In
comnin.
A getiernI staff shoult 1 created.
I'tlomotions should be ma;ttle solely
with regard to the good of he serv ice.
Congress ought to provide, the presi
lent adds, for field exerelies. lie col
tinues:
Action should he taken In reference
to the tilitia and to the raisIng of Vol
unteer forces. Our militia law is ob
solete and worthless. The orgatIt izatioin
and arialment of the nutlotual guard of
the several states, which are treated
as militia lin the appropriations by the
congress, should be made Idetilel withi
those providl for the regular forces.
The obligatous and dutIes of the gu:url
in t ime of war shouldI he carefully de
lined antd ia Systeinl estblslisd by law
under w leh the Ilethod( of procelure
of raising volnttieer forces should he
preseribed in ad viuice.
The Merit Syntem.
The presilent I!liorses the muerit sys
ten of making appoiunut metantd Says:
I recoii)mend lie p:ssage of a hI'w
which will extend the classilied serv
ice to the llistriet of ('olumbia or will
at least euible the presient 14ius to ex
tend it. In miy .iudgmtet:I ri1 llws pro
viding for Iie teutportry eiploynielut
of clerks should hereal'ter coutain a
prov'ision IhaI they i selected under
the clvil service law.
It is import:nt to have this systemn
obtain at hotne. but It is evetn more in
portalnt to have it atpplied righly u our
insular possesslonls. The intpit an::ce
of improving the con sula' service by
the passage of .ew laws is etnplh:asieil.
The president then turns to the in
dian tiuiestion. lie says:
We should now break up the triil
funds, doing for them ws"hat allot
nent does for the tribal hands - that
is, they should be divided into inlivid
ual holiings. There will be a transi
tion period during which the fuids
w"ill in uany cases have to be held in
trust. This is the case also wItI the
lands. A stop should be put upon the
indlscrlmiinate perission to Iiln:1us to
lease their allotments. The effort
should he steadily to imak the ili
work like any other 1inann on his own
ground. The iarrl:ige laws of the in
dians shoul he made the sanme as those
of the whites. In the schools the edu
cation should be eleinentary and large
ly inlustrIal.
Cordial support from congress and
people is asked for the St. Luis expo
sition. The ('hnrleston exposition Is
commended to the good will of the
people. The work of the Pan-Anierica in
exposition is praised.
It is recommnended that the census
office ats now constituted should be
made a permanent government bureau.
The PoNtai Service.
A tribute Is paid to the postal service,
and the extension of free rural delivery
is Commended. The iostotlice depart.
ment should he sustailed, the president
says, in its efforts to remove the abuses
In connection with second class mail
matter.
Much at tention Is paid to the situa
tion in China, and the progress towara
the establishment of peace there is re
capitulated. Stress is laid on the in
portanlce of our continuing to advocate
Moderation in :he dealings with China.
The president concludes his message as
follows:
The death of Queen Victoria caused
the people of the United States deep
and heartfelt sorrow, to which the gov
ernment gave full expression. Whenl
President McKinley died, our nation in
turn receivedl from every quarter of the
British empire exp)ressions of grIef and
sympai:thiy no less sineere. TIhe dleath
of the Empilress I)owageri FrederIck of
Germany also arousedI the genuine sym
pathy of the American peopie, and this
symipathy was cordhially reciprocated
by Germanny when the presidlent w,a
asasiatd Ined,fo every quar
at the time of the presidenit's death as
surances of such grief and regardl as to
touch the hearts of our people. Ini the
mIdst of our affliction we reverently
thank the Almighty that we are at
peace with the nations of mankind,
and we firmly intend that our polIey
shall be such as to continue unbroken
these International relations of mutual
resplect and good wIll.
MOTHER HOOD~
The greatest ambition of Amner
Icanu muen and womien js to hiaveo
homes blossed with children. Th'ie
Wonman afilieoed with female dis
ease is consRtantly menaced wvithJ
becoming a chiiludless wife. INo
meidicino can restore dlead or
gans, but Wino of Cairdui does
regulate doerangemients that pre
vont ooniooptlin ;does prevent
miscarriage; dloes restore weak
functions and shattered nuervos
and does bring babies to homes
barren and desolate for years.
Wino of Cardul gIves wvomenm the
health and strength to bear heal
thy ohilidron. You oan get a
dollar bottle of Wino of Cardul
from your dealer.
WINEo CARDUI
Minmphis Tonni., AprIl 1i, 1001.
In February 190, I took one bottle o
Todfor l's Illaol-Drauiglit. 1i lbon
mmaried fiftoon years and hand noevor
gven birth to aohhild until I took Wino
6Crdu I. Now I am muotheor of a fine
baby irl wh oh was borin Maroh 91 1001.
Th~ bby weigho fourteon pounds iuad I
felas well as any person could fool.
be wihout Wine of *ad i neveo us
again*.r.J . .(IH
adsvioet and Jiteratar address, ging
57fl'oing 'fhe Laieits' AdvIisory D)ean
Jhattaroenooga MHln oniny
O M m 1
i2$ VESTIBUL b
. ... LM MITFD
TRAN
DOUBLE DAILY SERVICE
"Capital City Route."
Ihortest line between all princlpal cities
North. Fast South and West.
Inequalled schtedulo to 'an American i;.
position at Itluilalo.
Seliehtile in citi)ct Kept. 1, 1901.
t'entral Time. Local At.
Daily, Daly. iit to
'Jorthbottud 16 34 Clinton.
,v gavan'ah.........1 45 pin 2 10 pin
Fairrax ........... 1 34 am 8 58 pin
enin k......... 2 t1 am 4 39 pin
,Iwtern Tiae.
Colur bil.........4 10a 71
Cai n ........... 7 i 80 pi
('1 ertw ..........1 12a 1
1r 1 1,1l 1t- . 7 14) lok) I.. 5 p '' ) ......
,v ..'thount ra'1a 1)) u1l I It )ai ls 47 ,
A ut,u'i,i te ........ i 1 it: 138 pt) 1 .2 [MI
4.ilrs,'nW.Wc u.1 am 50 I1 12 pm !"a
Culh iI :t ,t r It i' e 1 .1 It
(:nrl~1'.+ ''. I ... 1. a 4;.i pt i n
. itI,. Jct.... I t 4i.t 7 :h' I tn
4IFlu 0le1it............4 t)..uV10 14 Pil
kr Ita'"igh.. '. .17 )atin 1 2 i
l't tots 8.s.styg 2 1, in 5 "lh tun
ttclia o ..... l8 a : . 3' amIn
\Vashi ilgot ... i U., 1 1 1 19 0 pm
ia lu'r ...... .t 26 pa 11 m .1 pon
N - e loh ......... 37 a m 4 21 1a .
I"ts,t o~il- No1'' l LIU pill 7 W7. ant
i-Etlser T.p 4hm.
it) itI Iboll na1. Daily. 1)nlly.
31 27
Lv Chrw......7 43 8i 11 18 p. m
Casin n ... 1 25 am 12 63 am
C atral Time.
Co(hlmbitt...) 40 amw I 05 am44
inmark ........11 2 aan 2 27 on
1'himteah .... 24 ant 3 05 a.t
Ar S VLUnlt.. 1 47 Im 4 52am
Ji'cksonvIII- . 61 103 pin 9 5 iS 2pn
Tn, ...........4 15 it i 40 pm
Eastern Time. Local
Lv Chtawn......... 7 4. an. 1 05 am Cint'n to
iest............ to 20amn 1 23am Athnt
Carlimi..........10 17 ian I 2 05 am No. 6.,
Ciiar......... 11 37 am 2 65 am 2 10 pin
Uvowo......12 22 pin 3 40 am 3 05 pm
Ar b ay.hlo........ 12 48 pm: 4 15 am 3 33 pin
(Jaklhon1i'ala.. ti I pm 4 11 am 4 11 p
A A ,e ..... .......141) 2 am 6 43 p
S i t r..........10 2i s am i 0)pi
N iO tI.'llon ....... . W sihig7to amith the
litA ItI t -v aiiw:l , t...alo Ex ros, 8pr
n I . h. Fa1',.t , 1 pu
('oltn,bint, Ntwb,"rr' mild.11 au)4'ens1 Rahiws"y,
itrun No 62 It"aving C t5biam. Union Sta
ion, at .1 23 ani oaily, connects at Alinton
with S1 A L. Halw2y. No. 54, amfo.ding
Shorl ,sta4nd4( qulekcast route by severtil hours
to ,>,tttt t . (hatii.oogn, Nashillo St. Louis,
Chicst.io 4 1 44.1l po4its 4s.
(;oo c, :.n ct stlt att hetersbuirgn wh td,
Witbluton l'ort,outh. Norfolk, Columa.bi,a,
aatvt t4tiiI1t J.ckson11vtllo 41444 Atlanit. with
Mglunt Newthr trains caurryng through
Plmtin .s12pityg cars bctwetet at, pinnipl
w. A L. itilway ,000 mile books are good
hover C., and qL. ik lway; ut Washing
toil, .). C.
los' .ncn ra,ts, 'uterbur reservations.
4.1..., app)ty3 tv
Wtn . oftlor, D. P A.,
aaa vtilatb, ia t
M1. l. it11, 1st V. Pr A ng1. r.
It. E. 1,. ltitli, U. P. A~. Portsmou.th, Va.
ATLAK110'h COAST LIKE I
FAST LINE
Between Charleston and Columbia,
Upper S3outh Carolina and North
Carolina.
I'AS1.11N)R IM14PARTMENT,
WLM INOTON, N. C., ov. 24th, 1901.
o .)NDI3NS, u) lmaHnE) aLto.
Gotu1 W sW: In ECect Nov. 21 er,D. PAi
.No 6.a. 6 s 101 No. 63.
B w 4.) en Lv..Charleton S.C.Ar 920 p m
t . 0 a)t Lv....... ..Lantes....... Ar 7 40 p1i1
9 42 aln v ...'tnttr. Ar Nr13 pm
1; 444 a1n . r.......Cotul1n4bitl.....Lv 4 40) 141n
.2 294)pi) Ar.....i01'r prty.......v 2 24 pin
12 4. pm Ar.......Newberry.......Lv 2 .0 pm
12i4)4)1 Ar.....Clintont.......Lv 1 25 pin
t 47 pJIM Ar......autrens......Lv 12 66 pm
3 56 pim Ar....... roeenville.......Lv 11 10 pm
381 on ,\)1 r....Spa4rantburg....Lv 14 00 am
7 a3olina. Wtnbr . v0ISi
WI0pmrUoot, N. C.v4h 8190a.
6 1UIu Ar: Insnle No. C..orv E0amy
7 44 pm LA.... shleto,e. L.... Ar090 am.
N t 2 ai 63 .......... Laites b.......... rle p -
11i 1 a let ar........U om b as........L 4 nt.pm
(2 - n!.p A r ........ New Tery......Le 2a.agem
SOi2 EiULm " A r. ......... 4ln . ...........S , 19051p
v 47 pi Aria.......u.ns..........00 a5 m
3 :e5pm A ........... nll.........9 5 a 10 p
8 At Sar...........artn.bur.......40100 ami
7v ispm rli.tr......... nsbr......... , p0 18an
9 20bm Ak..........o,t, ...........4 0 pm
A7 5 pina Ar........eil.......... 4 p 001a
H . M 1R s. n.tassng PesAdent.,
. . ENLY,A' T.M eceier. ,
nIilenO Siai', RNd miaa
Dail--EcepSSuedy
Ar 0Spart nug.....................L0 00a m
L4 Spri n burg....................... 8 4 pIm
Aoebuck ii... ................................ 4 29 p m
At 4G4 4t Lnvrn s................ 4 47 p m
........ II 8 StNitsontesdent,
E .g aauttntive 41897.In 1 n4
M 1Med Mixed~1aui.Otoe . 91
A.04tt. . ..... . ..N..rthbou.........L i866p
.a o : Ia n.......,... n I u 1U l. ....... v 40
AMr.0:am... ..P.ndM- . P.... .M.4 4 P3 -
.A O 1144. a Am.... n rys 6 o sn .... 28 p
A 14 lla. .lb ort o i...L 4 21 mu
-M1.v P. ~ IoinSrnsA 4 . 00
onnet 44a .it nburt 8 .RRN 10
i i n,wra n lliirs .Sri wins.1a)1
12 Kl'p Itnd ay, Ocoe 6 91
-t .. ,a Norhbont
A A".A. PM. .M.
70 45a21,v tlntai(A.L r. 18 00
1044 244"a A k A,h14060
12 224 A.bheil tou. 2 80
8 2 46 2 Grenod 1 2 486
10 2.p9A Olinr' 10y, 2 0
.... 24 (. a W.. ) O 8
4440 00440 Nen rrngyA 4 00
85110 pr anbrt 122 2220
842 '0p .r.onilles.. 12 02
86.1 e 3(II.rroaping118) 6
12 52p 5 Wite rook 12
96 16:. ..r Laurn(in'r) 1L4 10
A 46 Lvo'iPiM.a( .. A.&Ti M
654 22 .intou.. 2540
68O232 Gobivila Lv2 705
Fo8 2-te 9 .Ko'abinrd.. h0 840rta~