Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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"L T YOUR LIGH SH Mr-C s; o~ 1l2 n e - - - - - - - - - l<;,rl>RR 8, 1 8 9 1 KE8OSINE OIL AT 13 CTS. u hlesoka -PER GALLOn- SHERAR & Go and See their vonderful o otOSa .FOOT'S OLD STAND. FOT'STALID ST86. NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER , 1 E S A B L S E 1 8 6 5 0_ __ __ _ CLE31SON COLLEGE. Magnificent Plans and Good Prospects fo a Great School if the State Will Foot the Bills. I SpurtaublTrrg lerald.j FORT HILL, S. C. Oct. 23.-Th, Clemson College is situated on an ele vation about one and a half miles frozi the railroad. The campus slopes oi all sides giving excellent drainage, an( is well wooded with oak and locus trees. On one side a stream of wate flows and the ground on the others gradually slopes towards the Senec river. The campus proper contain about two hundred acres, and whet improved and laid out according t< the plans adopted it will be perhap: the most b'autiful in the South. There will be sixteen brick building the main college, building, the ien hall,the laboratoy and twelve professon houses, three of which are now con The laboratory is already completed and is large building, but an addition will have to be made as the number of students who will attend will be muc'i larger than expected. The lower floci of the building will be used for Stat( work, in fact, Col. Hardin and two as sistants are now busily employed. Tti upper story has two apartments, lecture room and an experiment room The experiment room is convenientli fitted up with gas and other fixture essential to a well appointed laboratory, From the outside the building prE sents a very handsome appearanc The windows and doors are arche< and finished with sand stone. Ove the main entrance engraved in sand stone are the words: "Chemistry." The mechanics hall is about com pleted with the exception of the insid work. The building is a large one an there is ample room for the accommc dation of the host of young men wh will take the mechanical course, thu fitting themselves for the practica side of life. The domitory and mess hall i,; huge affair. There are three hundre sleeping rooms on the second floor, on hundred on each of the three wingq The first floor will used as the mes ball and will with ease sit eight hun dred students. The building has no yet been finished on the inside, a larg force of carpenters and plasterers beinj now employed on that work. This i by far the largest college domitory iL the South. The main college building is not ye completed. On account of the lack o - work on it will cea-se as soon a. the w are run up and the roof pu on to protect it from the weather. Th, chapel and recitiation rooms will b here. The expected large crowd ha necesitated the erection of two gallerie in Ihe chapel. The building is of. ar tistic design and when the finishin, -work is done, will be second to few co] leges in point of beauty. All of the buildings will be heate< by steam and lighted by electricity. In a few weeks all work will cease 0] account of the lack of funds. Alread; much that could be done is at a stand still by reason of this. The board c trustees can raise no more money, an< -.those in chaige do not dare to contrac for work without knowing where o when the money to pay for it willsactofun,admne ha rised. For some time there has beel benborrowed on the property of th< college, mainly on the buildings owne< in Columbia. The rate or interest pai< has been extremely high, and it wa with great difficulty that it could eve] -then be gotten. President Strode say that the interest paid was not over tel r cent. and he is confident that it wa ess. The exact rate paid he doe now, but thinks that it was tei U --- are exhauste< not 1s,-- * per cent.. and unless the legislature at its session grants an appropriation every thing will stop. All of the work done so far at Clem son has cost two and a half times les than was contracted for. Everything.i worked on a strict cash and economii basis. The hands are paid every Satur day night in cash, and cash is paid fo: all material. The monthly paymeni amounts to,$1500. There are now employed three hun dred and fifty workmen besides the one hundred and fifty convicts who per form most of the heavy labor. As an evidence of the economy prac' ticed it is only necessary to cite two ex amples. The contract for building th~ college proper, was between $100,000 add $125,000; being built as it now is, it will cost a little under $50,000. The contract for making brick was $2.75 per thousand. The contractor tried it for a while but failed, saying that the clay could not be used, and asked to be released from his contract. His request was granted and now brici, and excel lent ones, too, are mnade at a cost o only $1.25 a thodtd. We~hen asked about the reported wast S the mainsystenx.tic matnagemfent, Po :{ that there had beenl none t SrATE OF Omige. The superinitenden LUCAS CMr. Sharp, was not he is the senior partner 1 of trouble witi F. J. Cheney & Co., doire uxy of themt the City of Toledo,. County ~here has noc aforesaid, and that said firmni certainl the sume ONE HUNDREEP ae L AP$sfor each and every cs tarrn that cannot be cured by gable an of Hall's Catarrh Cure. Sharp .FRANK J. CHENEbe wv: Sworn to before me and subscred. in my presence, this 6th day of Dece. ber. A. D. 1S56. A. W. GLEASON, M' - Notary Publie. S EAL Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken inter nally and acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. Send for testimonials, free. F. J. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, 0. sand. The wrk of making brick will be stopped ir' . two. Unless t-e....... fail to appst. priate the necessary amount of money, the college will be ready by February. From present indications the opening will be much larger than was hoped for. c< _jEight huudre-1 and sixty-one up to date have applied for admission. A large percentage of this number are over twenty-one years of age. Most a the farm work will be done bythe boys. j President Strode says that he will de pend largely upon the military discip he to control this host of young men. He said also that lie looked for six C hundred on the openingday. He made the calculation that working ten hours a day, he would have one minute only rt to devote to each student, so be will send out blauks to those who have ap plied for admission, which they will fill and return to him. This plan wll,,o s arrange it that lie can see solle less b .ebers more. than a nA1f THE SAILOR'S FRIEND. Death of One of South Carolina's Distin guished Sons in the Work of the Church, New Orleans Times-Democrat.] w Moss PoINT, Miss., October 25.-The T Rev. A. J. Witherspoon arrived here . yesterday from Mobile and expected to remain a few days. He stopped at the ti 3 residence of Mrs. Addie McInnis. He a ate a heavy dinner and supper and re tired in his usual health. About 10 o'clock Mrs. McInnis heard him cough- e ing, but nothing more was heard. v r This morning when he was called there was no answer, and, on entering his a room, he was found dead. The doctors ~ think he must have ruptured a blood vessel, which caused his death. d In 1872, at the urgent request of Drs. Palmer and Smith, he was induced to come to New Orleans, where he under- t( s took the mission work of the Frst Pres byterian Church. In a few months, however, at the earnest solicitation of t< the sailors, he commenced working h among them, and in January, 1878, he t opened for their benefit, as the results of his labor, the Upper Bethel, which 0 s has grown to be one of the most exten - sive, complete and Well-known insti tutions of the kind in this or any other ti country. 3 THE EARTH TREMBLED. g A Terrible Disaster In One of the Great t Cities of Japan. it f - 5 LOXDOx, October 28.-A private tele t gram, dated Hiogo, reports a disastrous a earthquake in Japan. A severe shock 0( a was experienced at Osaka, a seaport R s town of 350,000 inhabitants on the Is- S: s land of Hondo, and in many things - one of the first cities of Japan. The ti g destruction of life and property was y: - very great. So severe was the shock dl that a number of houses were thrown le i to the ground, and many occupants es were caught in the falling buildings c< and crushed to death. A large number pa i of persons succeeded in escaping from $: - their tottering homes only to meet $: f death in the streets. I There is no means at present of esti- p: t mating the total loss of life. In fact the ci r details of the catastrophe are very 8& a meagre, as all telegraph wires in the u: 1 districts affected were broken by the e< s falling of poles. The dispatch, hower- tr a ever, states that it is known that in I Osaka alone the death list contains the os I names of three hundred of the residents it s of that city. si illI They Pause to Contider. ai (Spartanburg Herald.1 bl s Mr. J. F. J. Cald well of New berry se 1 has written a very able and sensible h: ji article in The News and Courier, show- p: t. ing the folly of Southern politicians in it */ ;gng the success of the Democratic al ihazch. tited States by substitut- pi party in tbTh :-v and free coinage t, ing the sub-treas ~4home rule. w issues for Tariff-reform a 45 of the ? Unquestionably the Democ rmn c< South are doing their party great in such states as Connecticut, New. -York and New Jersey by the promin- in ence given to side issues. c The elections last fall proved beyond St a doubt that on the question of tariff N reform the democracy is sure of victory. Ia But no sooner was thisproved than the se enemies of democracy injected the tt issues of free silver coinage and the sub treasury plan, not for the purpose of in having them become laws, but to cc divide the party and to make demo- fia cratic success in those States that are ar n:>t interested, impossible. t The people of the South have been n led astray for the moment. They are h apparently heedless to argunments, but p we cannot believe that they will fail top be impressed by such dispassionfate ti statements of the sit uationi as Mr. Cald- .p well has prepared. What Cured Hiam ? Disturb~ed, disturbed ;with pain *p- ~ pesleep,no rest :what dreadful pest t uch terrors thus eusinared him ? Itraii ~e,ied adconi to stay ; e r,r ~guess you, then, what cured C >It wsDr. Pieree's Golden Medical c t iiscovery. That is the great cure for Headache, Scrofula, Dyspepsia, Kid Snev Disease, Liver Complaint and (-;eneral Debility. An inactive Liver d means poisoned blood; Kidney dis- t s order means poisoned blood ; Consti Spation means poisoned blood. Tbe gireat anioefor impure blood is Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery.c - Acting directly upon the affected or- 1 k gans, restor'es them to their normalt condition. The "Discovery" is guar Ianteed to benefit or cure in all cases of 1lsease for which it is recommended, I money paid for it will be promptly I SEPARATNG SEED FROM COTTON. Aton Seed Cake and its Value -The Lint, Hulis, Soap Stock and Glycerine. [From the Tradesman.] Previous to 185.5, cotton seed had no )mmercial value whatever. Its oleagi ous character had been recognized Ad schemes suggested by which the I could be removed from the seed; but I these proved wild chimerical pro ets, resulting in disaster and loss. The first practical attempt at extract ig the oil from the cotton seed was iade at Natchez in 1834. The gentle en who were in the enterprise were coper and Plummer of Georgia, Fal let 'Virginia, and Miller of Kentucky. be machinery of this mill was of the idest kind, the pressure necessary to tract the oil from the seed being ob ,ied by means of wedges. The re 't was a disastrous failure, all those igaged in the enterprise being ruined y it. In 1852 the inatter was taken up in Pm s Messrs. Willian Wilbur :, the pio id Frederick Goode L' t ers in the new movement. ill was a decided improvement on the atchez one and succeeded in turning it a good character of crude oil which a-3 afterwards clarified and refined. he New Orleans mill also turned out 1 cake for the first time an: converted ie refuse into soap. This enterpise, .though apparently well managed, as also unsuccessful financially and lose engaged in it lost heavily. How er, the experiment demonstrated ry clearly that a good quality of oil )uld be extracted from the cotton seed, Ad the industry was cultivated and 2couraged from that time. In 1855, xe manufacture of cotton seed oil was 6ken in hand by C. W. Bradbury, and !spite many disadvantages, including ie lack of capital, was carried by him > financial success. Messrs. Pauline [artin, F. W. Fisk, Paul Aldige and .. A. Maginnis should also be men oned as among the fathers of the cot >n seed oil industry of the South, aving all operated, and successfully , in the manufacture of cotton seed I before the war. That gigantic ruggle closed the New Orleans mills r the very sufficient reason that there 'as no seed to crush; but with peace iey opened again. INCREASE OF MILLS. Since then, the industry has pro ressed rapidly, as follows: 1866, 7 mills in the country, 3 of them LNew Orleans. 1870, 26 mills, 3 in New Orleans. 1880, 45 mills, 6 in New Orleans. In 1860, Louisiana turned out $250,. )0 of products, New York $76,500, ,ode Island $110,000 and Tennessee 200,000. In 1870, New Orleans stlod third in ie list, Providence, Rhode Island, Ielding $500,000 of cotton seed oil pro. its, Memphis $360,000 and New Or ans $332,500. The total number of tablishments tben in existence in this ntry was 26, employing 664 hands, aying out $292,032 in wages, using 333,631 of materials and producing ~,205,010 of oil cake, etc. In 1880 the number of mills and their roducts had increased to 45, with a pital of $3,862,300, 3,319 hands, $880, 16 paid in wages, $5,091,251 of material ed and a producotion of $7,690,921. The tton seed oil industry bad more than 'ebled in ten years. By this time, 1880, the industry was 2 a sure and profitable basis; indeed, has never been quite as profitable nce. The business was not overdone ien. There were not too many mills 2d a consequent contest over seed. The mills divided the South epjita !y among themselves and got all the ed they wanted at fair prices. They ad no difficulty in disposing of their roduct which was rapidly coming ito favor as ari adulterant for olive oil 2 millions of gallons of it were ship Id to France and Italy to be rechris ,ned, and come back here as olive oil, 'orth twice the price it left our shores. uring these earlier days the oil mills ined money, and dividends of 25 and r cent. were not uncommon. The was largely concentrated at d 'ts, New Orleans,iMemphis, rtain - ati, Providence and .Louis, '' be, noted that a ew York. uthern cotton rge percentage manufac ed crop was crus North. red into oil cake, e. ., ,th From 1880 to the prese . - dustry has been in a very e indition, with frequent changes .ctuations although always advancin id improving. The mills continued Smultiply until they became to amerous. Seed war followed and ai igh as $19a ton was paid for seed, t rice at w hich there was no possi bility o. rofit, s it made the cost of converting e seed into oil $25 more than all the roduts would sell for. Trl COTON sEED OIL TRUsT. The American Cotton Seed Oil Trust ppeard in the field and it looked at rt as though that great corporatior ould swallow the industryjust as the tandard Oil Trust began buying mill: ight and left, paying for them in its wn certificates until it had secured ful Stwo-thirds of the largest mills in the ountry, and practically controllei roduction. The trust, for a time eemed to mono'polize the business, bu ~radually several large rivals came in o existence and began opposing and ighting it. The attempt to dictate prices, more >ver, raised some antagonism among he farmers, and there was a disposi io on the part of many of them t< 'efuse to sell their seed at the curren >inces, and to hold on to it even if the; ost by doing so. Oflte, the A mm-ian Ol (ompnn iateptrican Cotton Seed Oil Trust, 'he field to the same extent .ng the earlier days of the d .esent farmers' move ment the 4th has encouraged the erection of numerous small and inde pendent mills, crushing 20 or 30 tons a day. These have sprung up in great numbers during the past eighteen months. The tendency seems to be to wards the smaller mills, indeed, the talk is now of mills so small that e-ery cotton glonery can have one attached, and the planter find no difficulty in converting his own seed into oil. in this way the meal can be at once re turned to the soil, and as it contains all the elements of fertility, the land will grow richer instead of becoming impoverished. If the cotton seed is taken from the soil and not returned, or if the land is not properly fertilized in some way, it will soon destroy its agricultural value. The seed takes ten times as much nutriment from the soil as the lint or staple, and therefore im poverishes it ten times as rapidly. This nutriment however is wholly in cake and hulls, not in the oil. If, there fore the latter is extracted, and what remains is returned to the land it will not only not impoverish it, but actually strengthen and enrich It. The farmers, at first did not fully ap preoiate this. They found if they sold their cotton seed, their land rapidly detoriated and many of thum refused to sell on that account. Now that they understand the matter better, the op position to feeling has died away. In many parts of the Southern cotton States, the farmer sells his seed to the mills, gets back the meal, which he can return to the soil, making the hind more fertile each year. PRESENT CONDITIONS. Cotton seed oil bad so generally su perseded olive oil here and elsewhere that the Italian, and other govern mentq where the cotton is produced, legislated against it and attempted to drive it out of use as an adulterant or substitute. In this, however, they only partially succeeded, for the Southern product, which sold 40 cents a gallon, was just as good and half as cheap as olive oil at 40 cents. If the foreign market was at all cut off by this hostility, a new field was fou~nd at home for the oil as a substi tute for lard. It has been seen at an early day that for culinary purposes, refined cotton seed oil was as good as lard. It had been used as a substitute for it in the 'South from the day that it was first manufactured, and in En gland as well. The Italian, the.Jew, and hundreds of other people object to hog fat, and use olive or other oils to fry their food with. In cotton seed oil they get the same article much cheap er, at 4 or 5 cents a pound. The oil bad been in use for a number of years both in. this country and Eu rope as a substitute for lard when the lard refiners of Chic -go first thought of utilizing it in their business. The American hog did not produce enough fat to supply the market with lard and refiners had taken to throwing the heads, entrails and other refuse into the lard kettles in order to increase the products. With lard at11 and 12 cents a pound and cotton seed oil just as good or better, worth only 3 or 4 cents, the temptation to use the latter product was irresistible. It was tried and the so-called "refined lard" came into use. IL gave s boom to the cotton seed oil business. Of the 600,000,000 pounds of lard now manufactured in this country 320,000,000 or 17 per cent is the so called pure lard. In the "compound lard," 70,000,000 pounds or 9,330,000 gallons of cotton seed oil are used. The result has been to arouse move ments against "the compound lard," and cotton seed itself on the part of Western farmers. It has shown itself in the Conger bill which passed the House and is now before the Senate, and which places a duty on compound lard similar to that on oleomargine, in tended to drive it from the market. Such has been the career of cotton oil and other cotton seed products since they were first manufactured, a varied career with ups and doivns. Cheap Clothing in England. [London Letter to Chattanooga Times.] It is perfectly astounding to note at what prices clothing is sold. A good woolen or tweed suit can be had, made to order, at $10 to $11, and an excellent cassimere of very high grade, well med and lined, is made to order $15. A fine all-wool overcoat, of tery best material, is made to or der fo 0 to $12.50 and an elegant broadclot full dress suit, silk-lined throughout, 'which would cort $60 in Chattanooga,'can be had for $2.5 to $30. Fine silk handk~erchiefs can be bought at .50 cents; good, durable gloves (kid and dogskin) at 60 cents to 70 cents; fine silk neckties at 4.5 cents to 50 cents; the very best linen collars at 18 cents, and the very best 4-ply cuffs at 25 cents. Ladies' elegant feather boas, twelve feet long, can be had at $4; beautiful and stylishly trimmed hats are offered in the show windows at $5 to $7.50; fine balbriggan hose at 75 cents to $1 per pair, and elegant lamb wool underwear at $4 to $5 per suit. The English ladies and gentlemen are -fine dressers, and one sees as styiish jattires all over Great Britian as any where else in the world. It was once supposed that scrofula -could not be eradicated from the sys Stem; but the marvelous results pro duced by the use of Ayer's Sarsaparilla disprove this theory. The reason is, this medicine is the most powerful blood-prifier ever discovered. COUNTRY AND) CITY INCO31ES. The Farmer Has Many Advantages over the Man In the City as to the Cost of Living. [Greenville News.] Nobody who understands the facts can doubt that farmers in this country deserv, the good will and help of men of all other occupations. The founda tions of all our business enterprises are built on our own agriculture. It is particularly so under the operations of the protective tariff which prevents us from engaging extensively in foreign commerce or doing business on the high seas. No sound or safe structure can be built on rotten foundations. If the farmers are poor or oppressed or working at a loss it will be only a mat ter of time when there must be a gen eral crash. It is, therefore, a matter of serious and practical interest for people of all sections, occupations and positions whether the business of farming is so poor in promise or rewards that it can not be continued profitably and whether farmers will be forced from their farms to seek some other means of living in such numbers as to dimin ish the agricultural productions of the country. It is a matter very hard to decide. The farmer is told that his business is the most poorly paid of all, that the oppression and hardships of our whole commercial system is concentrated against him, that all other occupations are more hopeful and generally better than his, uutil he comes to believe it. This is (ne of the facts explaining the steady drift of population from the rural districts to the cities. The truth is, the average farmer thinks he is poorly off because he takes comparatively little account of the matters of house rent and food for him self and family, which with people in the cities are of first importance. The farmer who makes -ten bales of cotton, for instance, sells them and finds that their entire proceeds are used in paying what he owes for supplies and clothing thinks he has lost a year's work. He has handled only about four hundred dollars and has seen it all go; and he is supposed to envy the mechanic who earns two or three dollars a day and to regard the clerk, book keeper or lawyer who receives from a thousand to two thousand pollars a year in clear cash as a rich man. He does not stop to re flect that each of these people has really done only what he did-support his family and come out even or nearly even at the end of the year. The rent of a very modest city house-the mere roof to cover a man and his family from the weather-is nearly as much as the total living expenses of the small farmer, repres.nting from three o five bales of cotton. The food of an ordinary city family compelled to live from the store is as much more. Clothes cost more because in town more of them are needed; fuel is a large item in town while in the country it is vir tually nothing. A servant hired and boarded represents easily three hales of cotton. When all is figured out and paid, the city man, working every day in the year and bound down to min utes by the clock, at a hundred dollars a month usually congratulates himself if he comes out free of debt after spend ing every cent he has made. Yet he does not regard himself as having been oppressed, degraded or spoiled. Nine tenths of men in the towns who can support their families in decency and comfort and carry life insurance enough to prevent want in case of death think themselves lucky. In cities as in the country, those who accumulate some money and have more of it than they actually need are the few. We believe if the average farmer would estimate the value of the support of himself and his famiiy as the aver age town res:'dent does,-he wvould find himself not so badly off after all-that i he would count his time and labor and the practical results from thern as mechanics, clerks, merchants and pro fessional men are forced to do, and weigh advantages and dieadvantages, losses and gains he would be less dis contented with his own lot than he is generally disposed to be. Training the Bird of Peace for War. [From the Baltimore Sun.] ANXPoLIs, Oct. 23. -Five homing pigeons were started from the Naval Academy at 11 o'clock to-day for Washington. They were expected to reach their destination in an hour. The birds made a bee line for Washing ton in a heavey northwest wind. Prof. Marion, of the Naval Academy has contributed several articles on the ad visibility of establishing a homing pig eon service, and his efforts in this di rection have been recognized by the Government. A number of experi mets will take place between Annap olis and Washington during the winter and later the birds will be trained for sea service. Twenty-one birds from Key WVest are now ait the Naval Acad emy for breeding purposes. Hezekiah's surprise. "Wal, Hiram, if this don't beat all The old way for doctors 'kill er cure, but here I've found a piece in this here newsaper where a doctor offers 'cash or cure.' It's fer catarrh ! I wish we had it-I'd like to try him ! Jest listen, Hiram ! 'Ti' nroprietors of Dr. Sage's Catarrh Remet.y offer a reward of $500J for any case of catarrh which they can not cure.' That beats all lotteries hol low ! The medicine costs only .50 cents-your catarrh is cured, er you get 50 ! Where's my hat?' I'm going right over to neigbbor Brown's, to show him. I never .vanted to get within ten foot o,f him before, but if it is the cure of his catarrh, I guess I can and t onc't." Sold by druggists. The Famine in Russia. [New York Sun.1 Twenty-five million people, most of them tillers of the soil, live in a part of eastern and southeastern Russia. Their farms, forests, and villages are spread over an area about equal to that of New York SLate. Iu this large region the total or partial failure of the crops is now crushing the suffering of famine foretold several months ago in the Sun. The northwestern limit of the greatest wretchedness is the provin'be of Nijni Novgorod, whose chief town, of the same name, is famous for its annual market. Through this province flows the greatest river in Europe, the Volga, still winding its way eastward before it turns abruptly to the south to make its way to the Caspian Sea. Along both banks of the mighty river for about 800 miles, or separated from it by a narrow strip of country, lie the provinces where the severest distress prevails. Other provinces also are affected, and the entire eastern half of Russia, even to the borders of Siberia, is involved in the misery that follows upon calami tous harvests; but the part of Russia inhabited by most of the people who are actually starving lies along or near her greatest navigable highway in its middle and lower course. Drouths, in sect pests, and the poverty and improv idence of the peasant class have done the mischief. Several million .persons must be fed by the hand of charity during the rigorous Russian winter or they will perish. It is estimated that at the very least S100,000,000 will be required to relieve sufftring and supply the farmers with seed. Details of the famine have been but sparingly published, but enough has been made known to rouse in the more fortunate parts of Russia the deepest sympathy and the most energetic measures of relief. It is known that thousands of peasants are deserting their homes, having absolutely nothing to eat; that in some districts they are collecting acorns, oak bark, and leaves as a substitute for food; that the only food of the peasantry in the province of Simbirsk is a hard black mass called bread, made chiefly of goose foot, a plant that is classed as an emetic; that in districts where some harvests could be garnered the entire crop has already been consumed; that troops of starving beggars are wandering through the villages; that many a peasant sells his only plough horse .for a few roubles to buy food for his family for a week; that mortality has increased at a rate that is frightful, and in one place, out of 150 families, forty-seven persons died of hunger in a fortnight; that the price of food has risen all over the empire, and even at Warsaw, far from the scene of acute misery, the cost of common arti cles of consumption has doubled. These stories of frightful suffering have aroused throughout the western and more populous parts of Russia the most energetic efforts to carry food to the starving. The land has hardly another thought to-day. The national coffers have been opened; the royal family has contributed a very large sum; state balls have been counter manded; meetings to raise funds are held everywhere; the Red Cross Socie ty is making house-to-house collections; the women are raising famine funds; the rank and file of the army are con tributing; students in the universities are foregoing their annual dinners that their contributions may be larger, and money is flowing in to the distributing committees from every dIrection. This wide stream of charitable relief is already reaching the afflicted prov inces, but not yet in such volume as to bring succor to huudteds of thousands who need it. It is not money, but food that must De taken to the greater pnrt of the famine district. This requires time and involes enormous labor; but happily there is reason to believe that the crisis has reached its climax and that next spring there will be no such story to record as that of some Indian famines, in which tens of thousands perished because of the .sheer inability of those who would have helped them to reach the starving in time to save their lives. In all present thoughts of Russia, the first must be that of sympathy for her stricken peasantry. An Embrace that Cracked a Bib. [From the Philadelphia Record.] ANDERSoS, Ind., Oct. 23.-A new terror of courtship has been developed here in the case of Miss Emma Bowers, a winsome brunette. For some days she has suffered from a supposed at tack of pleurisy, but when Dr. 8. F. Bordman was called in he found that one of the young lady's ribs was brok en. After much questioning, the girl blushingly admitted that her best beau, George Gerrick, had inflicted the injury while giving her his usual ten der embrace before parting last Friday night. Died of Tight Lacing. POTTS7( ws, Pa., Oct. 26.-The doc tors say that Katie Cole, a colored girl of 18, who dropped dead yesterday in the street, died from the effects of tight lacing. Not a Fair Frayer Test. (Galveston Daily News.] Do not pray for something and then go and buy it on credit. The consciousness of having a rem edy at hand for croup, pneumonia, sore throat, and sudden colds, is very con soling to a parent. With a bottle of Ayer's Cherry Pectoral in the house, onefels,insuca cases, a sense of secu rity nothing else can give. THE FASTEST OF TRAINS. An Average Speed of 52.2 Miles :an Hour for 440 M&es. BUFFALO, Oct. 26.-The Empire State Express of the New York Cen tral Railroad, o-1 its first trip to-day, demonstrated its right to be called the fastest train in the world by travereing the 440 miles between New York and Buffalo in eight hours and forty-one and three-quarter minutes, and it achieved besides, at one stage of the journey a speed perhaps never before attained by so heavy a train. The at tempt to run a regular passenger train between the two cities named in eight hours and forty minutes is a result of the famous trip of Sept. 14, when the unparalleled record of 440 miles in 433 miautes and 44 seconds was made. The train was composed of a combi nation buffet, smoking, and library car, the Wagner buffet drawing-room car Luxor, two New York Central coaches, and Vice-Presid-nt H. Walter Webb's private car Mariquita, which carried the official of the road -and the reporters. The same engines drew it that pulled the flyer of Sept. 14, but only engine 962, on the western divi sion, !jad the same crew. John Moran was the conductor. Henry Grady's Advice. My son will be just about your age when you are just aa:a mine, and"I have got to looking at you as a sort of prefiguring of what my son may be, and of looking over you and rejoicing in your success. Let me write to you what I would be williug for you to write to him. Never gamble. Of all the vices that enthrall men this is the worst, the strongest and the n'ost inbidious. Outside of the morality of it, it is the poorest business and the poorest fun. No man is safe who rlays at all. It is easier never to play. I never knew a man, a gentle man and man of business, who did not regret the time and money he had wasted in it. A man who plays poker is unfit for every other business on earth. Never drink. I love liquor and I love the fellowship involved in drink ing. My safety has been that I never drink at all. It is much easier not to drink at all than to drink a little. If I had to attribtLe what I have done in life to any one thing ' I should attribute it to the fact that I am a te totaler. As sure as you are born, it Is the pleasantest, the easiest and the saftest way. Marry early. There is nothing that steadies a young fellow like marrying a good girl and raising a family. By marrying young your children grow up when they are pleasure to -you. You feel the responsibility of life, the sweetness of life, and you avoid bad habits. If you never drink, never gamble, and marry early, there is no limit to the useful and distinguished life you may live. You will be the pride of your father's heart and the joy of your mother's. I don't know that there is any hap piness on earth worth having outside of the happiness of knowin~g that you have done your duty, and that you have tried to do good. You try to build up. There are always. plenty others who will do all the tearing down that is necessary. You try to live in the sunshine. Men who stay in the shade always get mildewed. Why the Groom Chose a Woman Freacher. , Chicago Sunday Tribune.] After he had congratulated his old cum and wished him all the luck in the world, he said: "By the way, you were married by a woman, weren't you?" "Yes-the Rev. Isabel Dixon." "Oh, well, of course, it's all right, but it seems sort of strange." "It's just as binding a-t would be if the ceremony was performed by a man." "I know it, but I don't believe I could get used to it. The bride's idea, I sup pose?" "No: mine." "Yours! Good heavens, man! Ishould have thought you-" "Well, I did at first. I preferred a man, and we had one all picked out, but the bride and her parents rather favor~'i some old customs that I com bat'- unsuccessfully." "S3uch as what?" "ISuch as letting the minister kiss the bride." "Oh! that's why you--" "That's-exactly why." Cost of Raising Boys. (From the La Belle Star.) A careful investigator of the subject as figured out the following interest ing "expense account," which is de elared to be "below the actual figures, if anything." "The cost of raising an ordinary boy for the first twenty years of his life is here given: Per year for the first five years, all expenses, $100, or $500 in all; $150 per year for the next five years; $200 per year for the third five; $300 per year for the next three years, and $500 for the next two, or a total of $4,150 outlay by tbe t the boy is of age and able to e for himself." We hope the tar subscrib ers will remember that the editor has taken a contract to raise two boys, and by promptly renewing their subscrip tions they will greatly help us out in raising the fundof $8,300 that has got to be expended in behalf of those boys before our responsibilities cease. A hint to the wise is sufflaient. THE KIND OF FARmiNG TmA!r PAxS. How William L. Kennedy Buit Ho Own Sub-Tre"nry. [From the New York Evening Post.] A type of the Prosperous farmer In the South is William L. Kennedy, of Falling Creek. Lenoir County, North Carolina, who began life with nothing and now enjows an income of $7,000. His experience might be studied with profit by those farmers of the North and West who are deploring their lot and complaining of the war Kennedy was 18 years old. He had carried a musket for two years, and returned home to find the family fortunes broken. Uncomplainingly he went to work as a day laborer on his fatheWs plantation. After what might be termed an apprenticeship of four years he became ambitious to farm on his own account. A 300-acre farm was in the market, and, as payment could be made by installments, young Kennedy bought the property. The price was to be $30 an acre. By dint of hard work this was paid for in a few years, and Mr. Kennedy now owns two planta tions of about 1,000 acres each. He puts in all kinds of crops, and sells every thing that can be produced on a South ern farm. He plants 200 acres of cotton and obtains a 500-pound bale to the acre. One hundred and -' gi wheat, 75 to oats and 125 to native grasses. Pess and potatoes are extensively cultivated, the peas being sowed on wheat and oat sLubble. He has a herd of 100- cattle, and milks 25 Jersey cows. Every year he sells $600 worth of butter. Hispige, of which he feeds about 15, bring him in a snug sum of money. With tur keys Mr. Kennedy has great success, many of the gobblers weighing forty pounds when they were killed. He - feeds them on wheat bran and clabber. Twenty men and their wives and chifi dren are employed on the home plan tation, the other being leased on shares. Each man has a house and garden free and is paid 45 cents a day. The wo men and children receive from 20 to 40 cents a day. It is unnecessary to say that Mr. Kennedy does not meddle with politics. PISTOLS DRAWN IN A SMOKING CAR. A Nero ObJects to -a White Xa's Flrting With a Malatto GirL AUGUSTA, GA., October 26.-Passen gers in the smoking car of the South Carolina Railway, coming to Augusta from Charleston last evening, wit nessed an exciting scene. At Branch ville, a negro man, a mulatto girl, and Mr. Rivers Carr, of Blackville, boarded the up-bound train. They too1r seats in the second-class car. The white man sat behind the negro and the mulatto girl sat on the oppo. site side. The negro noticed the white man flirting with the girL He ob jected to the flirtation and spoke to Carr about it. Carr became infuriated at the negro trying to correct his con duct, and a quarrel ensued. He pulled a pistol and pushed It against the breast of the negro and pulled the trigger twice, but It failed to go off each time. He then emmined the pistol to see what was the matter, and then pulled the trigger the thfrd time. It discharged this time, and the ball went through the window, but - came very near hitting a passenger. While the two men were clinched the negro managed to draw his pistol, but was prever.ted from using It by the interference of the conductor. The train was stopped and the negro was put off in the woods, while the white "' man was allowed to ride along with the girl. Divided on the oteyQaestIon, NEW ORLEANS, October 2.-The first Democratic parish meeting held to determine the election of delegates to the State Convention In Lafourcee parish resulted in a split and bolt on the lottery question. The opponents - of the lottery elected a set of delegates to the State Convention, while those In favor of the adoption of the lottery amendment held a separate meeting and called a primary election to choose delegates on November 16. The fact that the first meeting resulted in a split preaages a split in the Democratic Conventior. Indicted for Eginsam Joiner. HousToN, Tex., Oct. 21.-William West, who was under arrest for throw ing eggs at Sam Jones, but who was released, has been indicted by the Grand Jury and has been rearrested. West was brought back here from New Orleans. [From the San Francisco CromicleT Los ANGELEs, Oct. 17.-The Corner has returned from Newhall, in the northern part of the county, where he held an inquest on C. Galounoni, aged about 65, who fell in a wine vat and was drowned. Matrimonianly? LJohnston Monitor.] - The Johnst5 iin m,4g~ in good demand. They command W highest premiums, and they deserve them. One of the Poor Commissioners of Pawnee county, Kan., stops at the poorhouse instead of a hotel when business call him away from home. H. saves hotel bills, and' has time to In vestigate the naupera.