Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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01 GO SCOHA &IL RO MfI ERRY, S C.,TTHURSDA O ILP 1.00AT ORE A I.TARTTTE lHERfRD. NEWBR CLEMiSON COLLEGE. Magnificent Plar; :nd Good Prospects for a Great School if the State Will Foot the Bills. ISpartanburg Herald.j FoRT HILL, S. C. Oct. 23.-The Clemson College is situated on an ele vation about one and a half miles from the railroad. The campus slopes on all sides giving excellent drainage, and is well wooded with oak and locust trees. On one side a stream of water flows and the ground on the others, gradually slopes towards the Seneca river. The campus proper contains about two hundred acres, and when improved and laid out according to the plans adopted it will be perhaps the most beautiful in the Qouth. There will be sixteen brick buildings the main college, building, the mess hall,the laboratoy and twelve professors houses, three of which are now com pleted. The laboratory is already completed and is large building, but an addition will have to be made as the number of students who will attend will be much larger than expected. The lower floor of the building will be used for State work, in fact, Col. Hardin and two as sistants are now busily employed. The upper story has two apartments, a lecture room and an experiment room. The experiment room is conveniently fitted up with gas and other fixtures essential toa well appointed laboratory. From the outside the building pre sents a very haUndsome appearance. The windows and doors are arched and finished with sand stone. Over the main entrance engraved in sand stone are the words: "Chemistry." The mechanics hall is about com pleted with the exception of the inside work. The building is a large one and there is ample room for the accommo dation of the host of young men who will take the mechanical course, thus fitting themselves for the practical side of life. The -domitory and mess hall i,; a huge affair. There are three hundred sleeping rooms on the second floor, one hundred on each of the three wings. The first floor will used as the mess hall and will with ease sit eight hun dred students. The building has not yet been finished on the inside, a large force of carpenters and plasterers being now employed on tl,-' work. This is by far the largest college domitory in tte South. 'Vhe main college building is not yet ccar>leted. On account of the lack of funds, work on it will cease as soon as the walls are run up and che roof put on to protect it from the weather. The chapel and recitiation rooms will be here. The expected large crowd has necesitated the erection of two galleries in Ihe chapel. The building is of ar tistic design and when the finishing work is done, will be second to few col leges in point of beauty. All of the buildings will be heated by steam and lighted by electricity. In a few weeks all work will cease on account of the lack of funds. Already much that could be done is at a stand still by reason of this. The board of trustees can raise no more money, and those in char ge do not dare to contract for work without knowing where or when the money to pay for it will be raised. For some time there has been a scarcity of funds, and money has been borrowed on the property of the college, mainly on the buildings owned in Columbia. The rate or interes paid has been extremely high, .and it was with great difficulty that it could even then be gotten. President Strode says that the interest paid was not over ten per cent. and he is confident that it was not less. The exact rate paid he does not know, but thinks that it was ten per cent. All resources are exhausted and unless the legislature at its next session grants an appropriation every thing will stop. All of the work done so far at Clem son has cost two and a half times less than was contracted for. Everything is worked on a strict cash and economic basis. The hands are paid every Satur rday night iu cash, and cash is paid for all material. The monthly pay ment amounts to $1.500. There are now employed three hun dred and fifty workmen besides the one hundred and fifty convicts who per form most of the heavy labor. As an evidence of the economy prac ticed it is only necessary to cite two ex amples. The contract for building the college proper, was between $100,000 add $12.5,000; being built as it now is, it will cost a little under $50,000. The contract for making brick was $2.75 per thousand. The contractor tried it for a while but failed, saying that the clay could not be used, and asked to be released from his contract. His request was granted and now brick, and excel lent ones, too, are made at a cost of only $1.25 a thousand. When asked about the reported waste and unsystematic management, Prof. Strode said that there had been none to his knowledge. The superintendent that he had, Mr. Sharp, wa not a good choice. He was very unsystematic and had a good deal of trouble with the workmen, causing many of them to leave, but other than this there has not been the slightest trouble and certainly no waste. Mr. James Hall is now super intendent and is said to be capable and effcient man. As soon as MIr. Sharp's deficiencies were discovered he was displaced and Mr. Hall substituted. Since the first of January four mil lion brick have been burned. The brick made are of a superior quality and very few defective ones are used. There is now in the process of burning a gigan sand. The work of making brick will be stopped in a day or two. Unless the legislature fail to appro priate the necessary amount of money, the college will be ready by February. From present indications the opening will be much larger than was hoped for. Eight hundre.1 and sixty-one up to date have applied for admission. A large percentage of this number are over twenty-one years of age. Most the farm work will be done by the bovs. President Strode says that he will de pend largely upon the military discip line to control this host of young men. He said also that he looked for six hundred on the openingday. He made the calculation that working ten hours a day. he would have one minute only to devote to each st.udent, so be will send out blanks to those who have ap- t plied for admission, which they will fill and return to him. This plan will so arrange it that he can see some less than a minute and others more. THE SAILOR'S FRIEND. Death of One of South Carolina's Distin guished Sons in the Work of the Church, [New Orleans Times-Democrat.] Moss PoINT, Miss., Oc'ober 25.-The Rev. A. J. Witherspoon arrived here yesterday from Mobile and expected to remain a few days. He stopped at the residence of Mrs. Addle McInnis. He ate a heavy dinner and supper and re tired in his usual health. About 10 o'clock Mrs. McInnis heard him cough ing, but nothing more was heard. This morning when he was called there was no answer, and, on entering his room, he was found dead. The doctors think he must have ruptured a blood vessel, which caused his death. In 1872, at the urgent request of Drs. Palmer and Smith, he was induced to come to New Orleans, where he under took the mission work of the Frst Pres byterian Church. In a few months, however, at the earnest solicitation of the sailors, he commenced working among them, and in January, 1878, he opened for their benefit, as the res'lts of his labor,. the Upper Bethel, which has grown to be one of the most exten sive, complete and well-known insti tutions of the kind in this or any other country. THE EARTH TREMBL ED. A Terrible Disaster in One of the Great Cities of Japan. LoNDON, October 28.-A private tele gram, dated Hiogo, reports a disastrous earthquake in Japan. A severe shock was experienced at Osaka, a seaport town of 350,000 inhabitants on the Is land of Hondo, and in many things one ->f the first cities of Japan. Th6 destruction of life and property was very great. So severe was the shock tha't a number of houses were thrown to the ground, and many occupants were caught in the falling buildings and crushed to death. A large number of persons succeeded in escaping from their tottering homes only to meet death in the streets. There is.no means at present of esti-] mating the total loss of life. In fact the< details of the catastrophe are very meagre, as all telegraph wires in thei districts affected were broken by the< falling of poles. The dispatch, hower-1 ever, states that it is known that in Osaa alone the death list contains the< names of ti - 'e hundred of the residentsj of that city. Will They Pause to Contider. [Spartanburg Herald.1 Mr. J. F. J. Caldwell of New berry has written a very able and sensible artile in The News and Courier, show ing the folly of Southern politicians in hazarding the success of the Democratic party in the United States by substitut ing the sub-treasury and free coinage issues for Tariff-reform and home rule. Unquestionably the Democrats of the South are doing their party great harm in such states as Con:necticut, New York and New Jersey by the promin ence given to side issues. The eiections last fall proved beyond a doubt that on the question of tariff reform the democracy is sure of victory. But no sooner was this proved than the eemes of. democracy injected the issues of free silver coinage and the sub treasury plan, not for the purpose of having them become laws, but to divide the party and to make demo cratic success in those States that are nt interested, impossible. The people of the South have been led astray for the moment. They are apparently heedless to arguments, but we cannot believe that they will fail to be impressed by such dispassionate statements of the situation as Mr. Cald well has prepared. What Cured Him? ? Disturbed, disturbed ; with pain op pressed, No sleep, no rest ; what dreadful pest Such terrors thus ensnared him ? Dyspepsia all night, all day, L. really seemed had come to stay ; Pray, guess you, then, what cured him ? It was Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. That is the great cure for Headache, Scrofula, Dyspepsia. Kid ney Disease, Liver Comfplaint and General Debility. An inactive Liver means poisoned blood; Kidney dis order means poisoned blood ; Consti pation means poisoned blood. The great antidote for impure blood is Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. Acting directly upon the atiected or gns, re-tores them to their normal Icondition. The "Discovery" is guar Ianteed to benefit or cure in all cases of Idisease for which it is recommended, Ior money paid for it will be promptly SEPARATING SEED FROM[ COTTON. 1 - c 'otton Seed Cake and its Value -The Lint, a Hulls, Soap Stock and Glycerine. n [From the Tradesman.] e Previous to 1855, cotton seed had n e :ommercial value whatever. Its oleagi ious character had been recognized a nd schemes suggested by which tbe )il could be removed from the seed; but 61l these proved wild chimerical pro ects, resulting in disaster and loss. The first practical attempt at extract- c ng the oil from the cotton seed was e nade at Natchez in 1834. The gentle- c nen who were in the enterprise were ooper and Plummerof Georgia, Fallet a f Virginia, and Miller of Kentucky. Che machinery of this mill was of the -udest kind, the pressure necessary to t tract the oil from the seed being ob ained by means of wedges. The re ult was a disastrous failure, all those a ngaged in the enterprise being ruined )y it. .a In 1852 the matter was taken up in -ew Orleans, Messrs. William Wilbur 6nd Frederick Goode Lbeing the pio ieers in the new movement. Their nill was a decided improvement on the .atchez one and succeeded in turning r >ut a good character of crude oil which was afterwards clarified and refined. Che New Orleans mill also turned out il cake for the first time an I converted P he refuse into soap. This enterpise, 6lthough apparently well managed, d was also unsuccessful financially and hose engaged in it lost heavily. How- u er, the experiment demonstrated P ery clearly that a good quality of oil 1 ould be extracted from the cotton seed, n tnd the industry was cultivated and c ,couraged from that time. In 1855, he manufacture of cotton seed oil was aken in hand by C. W. Bradbury, and lespite many disadvantages, including he lack of capital, was carried by him P .o financial success. Messrs. Pauline t artin, F. W. Fisk,. Paul Aldige and k. A. Maginnis should also be men ;ioned as among the fathers of the cot- C ;on seed oil industry of the South, S 2aving all operated, and successfully P :oo, in the manufacture of cotton seed P >il before the war. That gigantic V 0 struggle closed the New Orleans mills or the very sufficient reason that there was no seed to cruF' - but with peace C ;hey opened again. INCREASE OF MILLS. Since then, the industry has pro- e rressed rapidly, as follows: r 1866, 7 mills in the country, 3 of them 14 n New Orleans. 1870, 26 mills, 3 inNewOrleAns. l 1880, 45 mills, 3 in New Orleans. 9 In 1860, Louisiana turned out $250, 9 )00 of products, New York $76,500, b Rhode Island $110,000 and Tennessee %. t 200,000. In 1870, New Orleans stod third in e ;he list, Providence, Rhode Island, 7ielding $500,000 of cotton seed oil pro- 0 lucts, Memphis $360,000 and New Or-r eans $332,500. The t'tal number ofI stablishments then in existence in this ~ :ountry was 26, employing 664 hands, >aying out $292,032 in wages, using 1,333,631 of materials and producing r 2,205,00 of oil cL.ke. etc. In 1880 the number of mills and thelr eroducts had increased to 45, with a iapital of $3,862,300, 3,319 hands, $880, 36 paid in wages, $5,091,2510of material ased and a production of $7,690,921. The ~otton seed oil industry bad more than s ;rebled in ten years.] By this time, 1880, the industry was m a sure and profitable basis; indeed, I .t has never been quite as profitable ~ ince. The business was not overdone C ~hen. There were not too many mills 1 nd a consequent contest over seed. Te mills divided the South equita bly among themselves and got all the seed they want-ed at fair prices. They S bad no difficulty in disposing of their product which was rapidly coming into favor as an adulterant for olive oil and millions of gallons of it were ship a ped to France and Italy to be rechris-I tened, and come back here as olive oil, worth twice the price it left our shores. During these earlier days the oil mills coined money, and dividends of 2.5 and 10 per cent. were not uncommon. The industry was largely concentrated at ertain points, New Orleans,Miemphis, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Providence and New York. It will be noted that a large percentage of the Southern cotton I seed crop was crushed and mnanufac tured into oil cake, etc., in the North. From 1880 to tbe present day, the industry has been in a very exciting I condition, with frequent changes andC fluctuations although always advancing t and improving. Tihe mills continued I to multiply until they became too 1 numerous. Seed war followed and as< high as $19 a ton was paid for seed, a 1 price at which there was no possibility of profit, as it made the cost of converting the seed into oil $2.3 more than all theI products would sell for. THE COTTON SEED OIL TRUST. The American Cotton Seed Oil Trust appeared in the field and it looked at first as though that great corporation would swallow the industry just as the Standard Oil Trust began buying mills right and left, paying for them in its own certificates until it had secured fui ly two-thirds of the largest mills in the country, and practically controlled production. The trust, for a time, seemed to monopolize the business, but gradually several large rivals came in to existence and began opposing and fighting it. The attempt to dictate prices, more over, raised some antagonism among the farmers, and there was a disposi tio on the part of many of them to refuse to sell their seed at the current prices, and to hold on to it even if they lost by doing so. Of late the A merian Oil Company, ite American Cottob Seed Oil Trust, ontrolled the field to the same extent s it did during the earlier days of the ecade. The present farmers' move ent in the South has encouraged the rection of numerous small and inde endent mills, crushing 20 or 30 tons day. These have sprung up in great umbers during the past eighteen ionths. The tendency seems to be to -ards the smaller mills, indeed, the ik is now of mills so small that every tton ginnery can have one attached, nd tbe planter find no difficulty in onverting his own seed into oil. In bis way the meal can be at once re mrned to the soil, and as it contains 11 the elemenis of fertility, the land ill grow richer instead of becoming apoverished. If the cotton seed is iken from the soil and not returned, r if the land is not properly fertilized 2 some way, it will soon destroy its gricultural value. The seed takes ten imes as much nutriment from the soil s the lint or ttaple, and therefore im overishes it ten Limes as rapidly. This utriment however is wholly in cake nd hulls, not in the oil. If, there >re the latter is extracted, and what emains is returned to the land it will ot only not impoverish it, but actually trengthen and enrich It. The farmers, at first did not fully ap reiate this. They found if they sold beir cotton seed, their land rapidly etoriated and many of tht-m refused ) sell on that account. Now that they nderstand the matter better, the op osition to feeling has died away. In any parts of the Southern cotton tates, the farmer sells his seed to the iills, gets back the meal, which he an return to the soil, making the land ore fertile each year. PRESENT CONDITIONS. Cotton seed oil had so generally su erseded olive oil here and elsewhere at the Italian, and other govern ientp where the cotton is produced, gislated against it and attempted to rive it out of use as an adulterant or abstitute. In this, however, they only artially succeeded, for the Southern roduct, which sold 40 cents a gallon, ,as just as good and half as cheap as live oil at 40 cents. If the foreign market was at all cut ff by this hostiiity, a new field was >und at home for the oil as a substi te for lard. It has been seen at an arly day that for culinary purposes, efined cotton seed oil was as good as ird. It had been used as a substitute >r it in the South from the day that was first manufactured, and in En land as well. The Italian, the Jew, nd bundreds of other people object to og fat, and use olive or other oils to .y their food with. In cotton seed oil bey get the same article much cheap r, at 4 or 5 cents a pound. The oil had been in use for a number f years both in this country and Eu pe as a substitute for lard when the Lrd refiners of Chic -go first thought of tilizing it in their business. The merican hog did not produce enough t to supply the market with lard and efiners had taken to throwing the eds, entrails and other refuse into e lard kettles in order to increase the roducts. With lard at11 and 12 cents pound and cotton seed oil just as ood or better, worth only 3 or 4 cents, he temptation to use the latter product as irresistible. It was tried and the o-called "refined lard" came into use. gave a boom to the cotton seed oil usiness. Of the 600,000,'000 pounds of ird now manufactured in this country 20,000,000 or 17 per cent is the so aled pure lard. In the "compound rd," 70,000,000 pounds or 9,330,000 'allons of cotton seed oil are used. The result has been to arouse move aents against "the compound lard," nd cotton seed itself on the part of Vestern farmers. It has shown itself the Conger bill which passed the ouse and is now before the Senate, *nd which places a duty on compound ird similar to that on oleomargine, in ended to drive it from the market. such has been the career of cotton oil .nd other cotton seed products since hey were first manufactured, a varied areer with ups and downs. Cheap Clothing In England. London Letter to Chattanooga Times.] It is perfectly astounding to note at r'hat prices clothing is sold. A good voolen or tweed suit can be had, made o order, at $10 to $11, and an excellent assimere of very high grade, well rimmed and lined, is made to order or $15. A fine all-wool overcoat, of he very best material, is made to or len for $10 to $12.50 and an elegant >roadcloth, full dress suit, silk-lined bhrougout, which would cost $60 in Thattanooga, can be had for $2.5 to $30. fine silk handkerchiefs can be bought it-50 cents; good, durable gloves (kid tnd dogskin) at 60 cents to 70 cents; Ine silk neckties at 45 cents to 50 ents; the very best linen collars at 18 ents, and the very best 4-ply cuffs at 25 cents. Ladies' elegant feather boas, welve feet long, can be had at $4; beautiful and stylishly trimmed hats re offered in the show windows at $5~ o $7.50; fine balbriggan hose at 75 sents to $1 per pair, and elegant lamb wool underwear at $4 to $5 per suit. The English ladies and gentlemen are fine dressers, and one sees as stylist attires all over Great Britian as any where else in the world. It was once supposed that scrofulb could not be eradicated from the sys tem; but the marvelous results pro duced by the use of Ayen's Sarsaparillh disprove this theory. The reason is this medicine is the most powerfu COUNTRY AND CITY INCO.S. The Farmer Has Many Advantages over the Man in the City as to the Cost of Living. [Greenville News.] Nobody who understauis the facts can doubt that farmers in this country deserv,- the good will and help of men of all otber occupations. The founda tions of all our business enterprises are built on our own agriculture. It is particularly so under the operations of the protective tariff which prevents us from engaging extensively in foreign commerce or doing business on the high seas. No sound or safe structure can be built on rotten foundations. If the farmers are poor or oppressed or working at a loss it will be only a mat ter of time when there must be a gen eral crash. It is, therefore, a matter of serious and practical interest for peopie of all sections, occupations and positions whether the business of farming is so poor in promise or rewards that it can not be continued profitably and whether farmers will be forced from their farms to seek some other means of living in such numbers as to dimin ish the agricultural productions of the country. It is a matter very hard to decide. The farmer is told that his business is the most poorly paid of all, that the oppression and hardships of our whole commercial system is concentrated against him, that all other occupations are more hopeful and generally better than his, until he comes to believe it. This is one of the facts explaining the steady drift of population from the rural districts to the cities. The truth is, the average farmer thinks he is poorly ofl because he takes comparatively little account of the matters of house rent and food for him self and family, which with people in the cities are of first importance. The farmer who makes ten bales of cotton, for instance, sells them and finds that their entire proceeds are used in paying what he owes for supplies and clothing thinks he has lost a year's work. He has handled only about four hundred dollars and has seen it all go; and he is supposed to envy the mechanic who earns t wo or three dollars a day and to regard the clerk, book keeper or lawyer who receives from a thousand to two thousand pollars a year in clear cash as a rich man. He does not stop to re flect that each of these people has really done only what he did-support his family and come out even or nearly even at the end of the year. - The rent of a very modest city house-the mere roof to cover a man and his family from the weather-is nearly as much as the total living expenses of the small farmer, repres:nting from three o five bales of cotton. The food of an oidinary city family compelled to live fom the store is as much more. Clot bes cost more because in towvn more of them are needed; fuel is a large item in town while in the country it is vir tually nothing. A servant hired and boarded represents easily three bales of cotton. When all is figured out and paid, the city man, working every day in the year and bound down to min utes by the clock, at a hundred dollars a month usually congratulates himself if he comes out free of debt after spend ing every cent he has made. Yet he does not regard himself as having been oppressed, degraded or spoiled. Nine tenths of men in the towns who can support their families in decency and comfort and carry life insurance enough to prevent want in case of death think themselves lucky. In cities as in the country, those who accumulate some money and have more of it than they actually need are the few. We believe if the average farmer would estimate the value of the support of himself and his famiiy as the aver age town res'dent does, he would find himself not so badly off after all-that if he would count his time and labor and the practical results from them as mechanics, clerks, merchants and pro fessional men are forced to do, and weigh advantages and disadvantages, losses and gains he would be less dis contented with his own lot than he is generally disposed to be. Training the Bird of Peace for War. [From the Baltimore Sun.) AAssaous, Oct. 23. -Five homing pigeons were started from the Naval Academy at 11 o'clock to-day for Washington. They were expected to reach their destination in an hour. The birds made a bee line for Washing ton in a heavey northwest wind. Prof. Marion, of the Naval Academy has contributed several articles on the ad visibility of establishing a homing pig eon service, and his efforts in this di rection have been recognized by the Government. A number of experi ments will take place between Annap olis and Washington during.the winter and later the birds will be trained for sea service. Twenty-one birds from Key West are now at the Naval Acad emy for breeding purposes. Hezekiah's surprise. "WaI, Hiram, if this don't beat all The old way for doctors 'kill er cure, but here I've found a piece in this here newspaper whbere a ..octor offers 'cash or cure.' It's fer catarrh ! I wish we had it-I'd like to try him ! Jest listen, Hiram ! 'The proprietors of Dr. Sage's Catarrh Remedy offer a reward of $5300 for any case of catarrh which they can not cure.' That beats all lotteries hol low ! The medicine costs only .50 cents-your catarrh is cured, er you gel $.500 ! WVbere's my hat ? I'm going right over to neighbor Brown's, to show him. I never wanted to get 1within ten foot of him before, but if it is the cure of his catarrh, I guess I car and it nc't" Sold by druggists. The Famine in Russia. [New York Sun.1 Twenty-five million people, most of them tillers of the soil, live in a part of eastern and southeastern Russia. Their farms, forests, and villages are spread over an area about equal to that of New York State. In this large region the total or partial failure of the crops is now crushing the suffering of famine foretold several months ago in the Sun. The northwestern limit of the greatest wretchedness is the province of Nijni Novgorod, whose chief town, of the same name, is famous for its annual market. Through this province flows the greatest river in Europe, the Volga, still winding its way eastward before it turns abruptly to the south to make its way to the Caspian Sea. Along both banks of the mighty river for about 800 miles, or separated from it by a narrow strip of country, lie the provinces where the severest distress prevails. Other provinces also are affected, an. the entire eastern half of Russia, even to the borders of Siberia, is involved in the misery that follows upon calami tous harvests; but the part of Russia inbabited by most of the people who are actually starving lies along or near her greatest navigable highway in its middle and lower course. Drouths, in se.t pests, and the poverty and improv idence of the peasant class have done t-e mischief. Several million persons must be fed by the hand of charity during the rigorous Russian winter or they will perish. It is estimated that at the very least $100,000,000 will be required to relieve suffering and supply the farmers with seed. Details of the famine have been but sparingly published, but enough has been made known to rouse in the more fortunate parts of Russia the deepest sympathy and the most energetic measures of relief. It is known that thousands of peasants are deserting their homes, having absolutely nothing to eat; that in some districts they are collecting acorns, oak bark, and leaves as a substitute for food; that the only food of the peasantry in the pr3vince of Simbirsk is a hard black mass called bread, made chiefly of goose foot, a plant that is classed as an emetic; that in districts where some harvests could be garnered the entire crop has already been oonsumed; that troops of starving beggars are wandering through the villages; that many a peasant sells his only plough horse for a few roubles to buy food for his family for a week; that rportality has increased at a rate that 0 frightful, anl in one:place, out of 150 faniilies, forty-seven person&-died of hunger in a fortnight; that the price of food has risen all over the empire, and even at Warsaw, far from the scene of acute misery, the cost of common arti cles of consumption has doubled. These stories uf frightful suffering have aroused throughout the western and more populous parts of Russia the most energetic efforts to carry food to the starving. The land has hardly another thought to-day. The national coffers have been opened; the royal family has contributed a very large sum; state balls have been counter manded; meetings to raise funds are held everywhere; the Red Cross Socie ty is making house-to-house collections; the women are raising famine funds; the rank and file of the army are con tributing; students in the universities are foregoing their annual dinners that their contributions may be larger, and money is flowing in to the distributing committees from every dIrection. Tihis wide stream of charitable relief is already reaching the afflicted prov inces, but not yet in such volume as to bring succcr to hundreds of thousands who need it. It is not money, but food that must be taken to the greater part of the famine district. This requires time and involes enormous labor; but happily there is ieason to believe that the crisis has reached its climax and that next spring there will be no such story to record as that of some Indian famines, in whioh tens of thousands perished because of the sheer inability of those who would have helped them to reach the starving in time to save their lives. In all present thoughts of Russia, the first must be that of sympathy for her stricken peasantry. An Embrace that Cracked a Bib. [From the Philadelphia Record.] ANDERsoN, Ind., Oct. 23.-A new terror of courtship has been developed here in the case of Miss Emma Bowers, a winsome brunette. For some days she has suffered from a supposed at tack of pleurisy, but when Dr. S. F. Bordman was called in he found that one of the young lady's ribs was brok en. After much questioning, the girl blushingly admitted that her best beau, George Gerrick, had inflicted the injury while giving her his usual ten der embrace before parting last Friday night. Died of Tight Lacing. POTISTOWN, Pa., Oct. 26.-The doc tors say that Katie Cole, a colored girl of 18, who dropped dead yesterday in the street, died from the effects of tight lacing. Not a Fair Prayer Test. [Galveston Daily News.] Do not pray for something and then go and buy it on credit. The consciousness of haiga rem edy at hand for croup, pneumonia, sore throat, and sudden colds, is very con soling to a parent. With a bottle o1 Ayer's Cherry Pectoral in the house, one feels, in such cases, a sense of secu rity nothing else can give. THE FASTEST OF TEAINS. An Average Speed of 52.2 Mies: an Hour for 440 Miles. BUFFALO, Oct. 26.-The Empire State Express of the New York Cen tral Railroad, on its first trip to-day, demonstrated its right to be called the fastest train in the world by traver.ing the 440 miles between New York and Buffalo in eight hours and forty-one and three-quarter minutes, and it achieved besides, at one stage of the journey a speed perhaps never before attained by so heavy a train. The at tempt to run a regular passenger train between the two cities named in eight hours and forty minutes is a result of the famous trip of Sept. 14, when the unparalleled record of 440 miles in 433 minutes and 44 seconds was made. The train was composed of a combi nation buffet, smoking, and library car, the Wagner buffet drawing-room car Luxor, two New York Central coaches, and Vice-Presid-nt H. Walter Webb's private car Mariquita, which carried the official of the road and the reporters. The same engines drew it that pulled the flyer of Sept. 14,- but only engine 962, on the western divi sion, had the same crew. John Moran was the conductor. Henry Grady's Advice. My son will be just about your age when you are just about mine, and I have got to looking at you as a sort of prefiguring of what my son may be, and of looking over you and rejoicing in your success. Let me write to you what I would be willing for you to write to him. Never gamble. Of all the vices that enthrall men this is the worst, the strongest and the iWost insidious. Outside of the morality of it, it is the poorest business and the poorest fun. No man is safe who >lays at all. It is easier never to play. I never knew a man, a gentle man and man of business, who did not regret the time and money he had wasted in it. A man who plays poker is unfit for every other business on earth. Never drink. I love liquor and I love the fellowship involved in drink ing. My safety has been that I never drink at all. It is much easier not to drink at all than to drink a little. If I had to attribute what I have done in life to any oae thing I should attribute it to the fact that I am a te totaler. As sure as you are born, it is -the pleasantest, the -easiest and the saftest way. Marry early. Tb'ere is nothing that steadies a young fellow like marrying a good gi L and raising a family. By marrying young your children grow up when they are pleasure to you. You feel the responsibility of life, the sweetness of life, and you avoid bad habits. If you never drink, never gamble, and marry early, there is no limit to the useful and distinguished life you may live. You will be the pride of your father's heart and the joy of your mother's. I don't know that there is any ap piness on earth worth having outside of the happiness of knowing that you have done your duty, and that you have tried to do good. You try to build up. There are always plenty others who will do all the tearing down that is necessary. You try to live in the sunshine. Men who stay in the shade always get mildewed. Why the Groom Chose a Woman Preacher. [Chicago Sunday Tribune.] After he had congratulated his old chum and wished him all the luck in the world, he said: "By the way, you were married by a woman, weren't you?" "Yes--the Rev. Isabel Dixon." "Oh, well, of course, it's all right, but it seems sort of strange." "It's just as binding as it would be if the ceremony was performed by a man." "I know it, but I don't believe Icould get used to it. The bride's idea, I sup pose?" "No: mine." "Yours! Good heavens, man! Ishould have thought you-" "Well, I did at first. I preferred a man, and we had one all picked out, but the bride and her parents rather favored some old customs that I com bated unsuccessfully." "Such as what?" "Such as letting the minister kiss the bride." "Oh! that's why you "That's exactly why." Cost of Raising Boys. [From the La Belle Star.] A careful investigator of the subject has figured out the following interest ing "expense account," which is de clared to t>e "below the actual figures, if anything." "The cost of raising an ordinary boy for the first twenty years of his life is here given: Per year for the first five years, all expenses, $100, or $500 in all; $150) per year for the next five years; $200 per year for the third five; $300 per year for the next three years, and $500 for the next two, or a total of $4,i.50 outlay by the time the boy is of age and able to hustle for himself." We hope the Star subscrib ers will remember that the editor has taken a contrmet to raise two boys, and by promptly renewing their subscrip tions they will greatly help us out in raising the fund of $8,300 that has got to be expended in behalf of those boys before our responsibilities cease. A hint to the wise is sufficient. THE KIND OF FARMING THAT PAYS. How William L. Kennedy Built His Own Sub-Treasry. [From the New York Evening Post.] A type of the Drosperous farmer in the South is William L. Kennedy, of Falling Creek, Lenoir County, North Carolina, who began life with nothing and now enjows an income of $7,000. His experience might be studied with profit by those farmers of the North and West who are deploring their lot and complaining of the war Kennedy was 38 years old. He had carried a musket for two years, and returned home to find the -family fortunes broken. Uncomplainingly he went to work as a day laborer on his father's plantation. After what might be termed an apprenticeship of four years he became ambitious to farm on his own account. A 300-acre farm was in the market, and, as payment could be made by installments, young Kennedy bought the property. The price was to be $30 an acre. By dint of hard work this was paid for in a few years, and Mr. Kennedy now owns two planta tions of about 1,000 acres &ch. He puts in all kinds of crops, and sells every thing that can be produced on aSouth ern farm. He plants 200 acres of cotton and obtains a 500-pound bale to the acre. One hundred and sixtyacresare given to corn, 40 to wheat, 75 to osv and 125 to native-grasses. Peas and potatoes are extensively cultivated, the peas being sowed on wheat and cot stubble. He has a herd of 100 cattle, and milks 25 Jersey cows. Every year he sells $600 worth of butter. Hispigs, of which he feeds about 125, bring him. in a snug sum of money. With tar keys Mr. Kennedy has great succes, many of the gobblers weighing forty pounds when they were killed. He feeds them on wheat bran and clabber. Twenty men and their wives and chil-, dren are employed on the home tation, the other being leasedon shared Each man has a house and garden free and is paid 45 cens a day. The wo men and children receive from 2D to 40 cents a day. It is unnecessary to say.. that Mr. Kennedy does not rmeddle with politics. PISTOLS DRAWN IN A SMONING CAR. A Negro Objects to a White Man's PUring With a Mulatto Girl. I 7GUSTA, GA., October 26.-Passe-. gera. the smoking car of the South Carolina Railway, coming to Aagusta from Charleston last vening, wit nessed an exciticg scene. At Branch--.. ville, a negro man, a mulatto girl, and Mr. Rivers Carr, of Blackville, boarded - the up-bound train. They took seats in the second-class car. The white man sat behind the negro and the mulatto girl sat on the oppo site side. The negro noticed the white ~ man flirting with the girL. He ob jected to the flirtation and spoke to Carr about it. Carr became infuriated .i at the negro trying to correct his con duct, and a quarrel ensued. He pulled a pistol and pushed It against the breast of the negro and pulled the trigger twice, but it failed to go off each time. He then examined the pistol to see what was the matter, and then pulled the trigger the third time. It discharged this time, and the . ball went through the window, but came very near hitting a passenger. While the two men were clinched the negro managed to draw his pistol, but was prevented from using it by the interference of the conductor. The train was stopped and the negro was put off in the woods, while the white ; man was allowed to ride along with the girl. Divided on the Lottery Question. NEw ORLEANs, October 2.-The first Democratic parish meeting held to determine the election of delegates to the State Convention In Lafourche pardih resulted in a split and bolt on the lottery question. The opponents of the lottery elected a set of delegates to the State Convention, while those in favor of the adoption of the lottery amendment held a separate meeting and called a primary election to choose delegates on November 16. The fact that the first meeting resulted in a split presages a split in the Democratic Convention. Indicted for Egging Sana Jone..I HousToN, Tex., Oct. 21.-William West, who was under arrest for throw-z ing eggs at Sam Jones, but who was released, has been indicted by th Grand Jury and has been rearrested. West was brought back here from New Orleans.4 [ From the San Francisco Cromiele.] - Los ANGELEs, Oct. 17.-The Corner has returned' from Newhall, in the r(-rthern part of the county, where he 2 held an inquest on C. Galounoni, aged - about 65, who fell in a wine vat and - was drowned.4 IJohnston Monitor.] The Johnston girls are, as usual, in good demand. They command the highest premiums, and they deserve them. One of the Poor Commissioners o Pawnee county, Kan., stops at?1h poorhouse instead of a hotel we business call him away from hoine. .He saves hotel bills, and has time to 1n-~ veatieate the paupers.