Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The "anou1 OO AS 10 CE}NTEDQ, WILL MAKE YOU SMILE nm LISTEN TO THEIR LOW PtelCES mass and TiWaIr. Fs O a r them and see. Foot's OldStand. W. M. Shard & CO. r A RTTISHED 1865. NEWBERRY, C., THURSDAY, SEPTEM TOE BATTLE AT nATIESURG. Congrestnan Toin Watson, of Georgis, and Senator 3e1. C. Butler 31eet in Joint Debate The Sub-TreasurY Plan the Bone of Contention-A Full Re port of What They Said. [Special to News and Courier.1 BATESBURG, September 9.-Ahout twelve hundred citizens of Ed-eield and Lexington and sporadic vh-itors witnessed tA*-daY the r-reat Political battle of Batesburc between Congress man Watson, of Georgia, and Senator Butler, of South Carolina. The narra tive of the clo sh of wit and oratory is best told in the proceedings given be low, and espicially as to the result as it apeared to the two gentlemen mostly concerned in the duel. Prof. Nash presided and be intro duced the speakers gracefully and with a fair distribution of complimens. It was distinctly understood that only Senator Butler and CongressiiaI Wat son should entertain and instruct the audience. The order o tspeaLg. was, Congressman Watson to Optn, Senator Butler to follow and the first speaker to reply. Among those ontti e stage. which was beautifully located in the suburbs of the city. were Capt. J. H. Brooks, Dr. Folk, Capt. Bates, Col. . J. Tal bert, the Rev. Mr. '1cSwain, EX-Gov ernor John C. Sheppard, Editor Hook, of libe Augusta Chronicle; Editor _Mc Le na, of tbe Johnston Monitor; Edi tor Ault, of the Newberry Herald and News; Editor Buchannan, of the Ches ter Reporter, some reporters and other distinguished gentlemen. The speaking began at 'lock sh.rp, and was kept up until , o'clock sharp, except a sho: intermission. Prof. .Nash read a ter from Presi -dent Stckes stating t e he regretted his inability to accept tue iuvitation of .te committee to be present, but that it was i:possible ,1] ac'-ount en mueuts in the easteru part of the State. WHAT COL. WATSON SAID. col. Watson spoke substantially as follows: I know perfectly well that I will be at a disadvantage in discussing this <ue,stion with Senator Butler. He has all the advantages over nie. You know bimi and you love hin. I am unknown to vu. 'there is a wide difference be tween me and him in our relations to vou. If Senator Butler were a candi ;ate for office I would not be here. That would be a matter for you to settle yourselves. But when Senator Butler takes the positionl he has on this ques tion it affects every one of von. We are here discussing nheasures not new. We are discussing iueasures that affect Geor gia, as well asSouth Carolina. Itisa plat form that touches everyone. I am in a Position to expect that questions shall be discussed on broader lines than per sonal ones. Each of us will risetoa position of statesmanship and brother ly love. South Carolina has always been close to the heart of Georgia and Geor stinguished men >t rs' MNinstre s, n Geor gia as we >, Primrose & West, that you. House. This orgau th Vou demonstriniz- the success 'Carolua, and I feel it an nO" ment a this question with you, and l __ it it in the hig thest sense of hionorable i . cussion. I feel thataGeoria boy is at home with South Caroli na boys. We assert that the sub-treasurvY plan will be a goo law. Gen Butler denies it. That puts the burden of proof upon me. It isreo d on Trate that the plan is a good oWe sTatedsitoid parliamientary law. teWe strea-i Georgia, and we wautter,bu the o-re surv or something bete,btheor who of the sub-treasury thle etteru we lied it. Now we wvat the bt r e lik fr - its horus to its hoofs. Iu don' kno hov orrectly Gen- But ler was reported in tes debae t beos prt ast pblishedi in The News and Corier, bu t I presumle it was substan tialvcorec, nd if there is no corree aio <>t, I aeit for grauted that the he tn we debate amteasure we debate the principles underlying, it. Iam gon to demonstrate to this audieuice th t Gen. Butler will do himself great iustice if he undertakes to discuss the details of any measure without discus sng the principles nderIiu it Fur one o>r two positiofl. The bill was either right or wrong. Iiti rit he, as Aerican statesman, owes it totis Ampl to help them make thishi no law. If the plan is wrong, ought iot is wrong? He ought to be able to de ionstrate that fact from a constituttio - a stand point, from an economic stand pint, from precedent and from legisla Po e ' Cmeit.W~benl he wishes to decline to discuss the plan he putshi self in the awkwardl p(siti t aint that the plan .is right, bu lhe can't h o s ow it, ind t ca <n t ae ether ono the dilemma he likes, and herl onve omec roagh riding I ihroe ( Applause and laughter.] 81 WViIAT IsT TiiE PL.AN. (ol. W\atsoni wvent on1 to say that Ge-n. Butler would have to comeC out and1( detate t hc pian, an ay God give the victorV to~ him w hio is right. A pplaus5e.] C ol. Watson,. as an analogy for the dis - usi of t lie plait, said the greatest re rn ovemlenits of imoderni times had bee discu..ed without a bill withi its dtisjust as~ the tariff~ was discussed btfore the Mills bill was framed, and tat Gen.I .utler dliseused it without w at or the th-lill, and' so) it was with lin.t adoti onl of thle postothee . - u' n he~ railroad system. HeI a i--ed ith tlsub-treaisury plan on1 t reehues 'rir the laws: second, the complad of, andii third, the re He took up the- national banks and dicussed I t-emi a an old law and an e eil fte denxied that they were a war m a'ue, hiavilnZ been established in July, 1%I;, when the wvar was nearly ove ovr. H-e elaborated the charges of cntraction and stated that the systemi wa robbery and so forth, and that the sstef ry and so forth, and they made every the people. He Ity that D)emo have voted for nal banks. A p ld that if the *rO cotton and /r iedo ~ I' edent for that~-nl a P urngth the ti- ~ i iate H :n9iats oh' suewhin whc .e crntri 0,f the L:m Lero-an noc ". wa adopted also) mi hiei eof these banks tailed. while the English and Russian banks had to be helped out by the Bank of France. He also cited the case of the Silesian Bank, established by zrede riek the Great. HE SAYS LEND AND MEANS BORROW. Georgia lends money at 3. per cent. He maintained that prices were regu lated by unlawful contra<tion of the currency, and he illustrated it by a sup posed case, in which all the banks of a country should suddenly call in out standing obligations. On this point l-2 <quoted Mills, Ricardo, Henry Clay and John T. Sherman. He eulogized the English system of laws by which the great depression of 157 was overcome by the financial mea:;ures of Lord Castlereagh. He denied that laziness and extravagance were the causes of depression, but drew a picture of a hard-working peop.le eating poor pro visions, musty meal and white meat, wtinkled like a ribbon. This com parison created a great deal of laugh ter. He couldn't see how people could be lazy and yet produce a surplus of cotton. Yet cotton goods were high and the staple was low, which proved that there was a bug in the buttermilk somewhere. LABOR AS A UNIT OF VALUE! He held that silver and gold were not the unit of value in the books on politictl economy. On this point he quoted Adam Smith, who held that a variable article could never be a cor rect measure of the quantity of other things, that is gold and silver con tinually varying; could not be a cor rect measure of the value of other com modities. He held labor to be the cor rect standard of value and the sub t,easury bill was imbedded in this philosophy. Col. Wason then said that the sub-treasury could be tested by the people of a county selecting a factor who would be a bonded officer elected. Let such an officer issue cer titicates as the Government does on gold and silver, and this would be the sub-treasury in its essence without any Government expenditure. The bond, of course, would be approved by the Circuit Judge. Gen. Butler said that the money would be back in the treasury in the spring, when the people wanted it most. Col. Watson said that this would only be true if all people put in all their cotton at the same time and took it out in the first six months.. On the con trary, the farmers would put cotton in at various times froiri September on, so that the operation would be continuous the whole year. This was tlie last point made by Col. Watson in his opening argument,which was closed by a peroration based on the story of the relief of Lucknow, the application being the sub-treasury as a nieans of relief to the beleaguered farm ers. SENATOR BUTLER'S SPEECH. Gen. Bntler spoke as follows: Mr Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen and Fellow-citizens: I am almost in that condition in which my distin guished friend said he was in upon one occasion, when he took a bite of that old white meat imported from Tennes see, from Kentucky or some place else. I believe I could eat some of that meat -ow, and I am afraid that there are a Lod many in th. audience who have tbii. minds tirned to the dinner table 'wnr than to ..,peaker, but I will oc ut is\.short portion of the time before e rto respond, as I may, to the >bserv. ~%of the distinguished gen 4lean w -as just taken his seat. He reproa m~ie, as I have been eproached betu. ~'&ith discussing what s known as the .,.-Measury bill at Prosperity. I was invia ~ere to dis uss the sub-treasury p1lan on icgrits, ad the only plan I have ever Se&L heard of being the bill I ventuired@ discuss it. I have been berated, defamedJ and derided because, forsooth, I exer cised the right of an A merican! citizen to discuss in public a question of inter est to the people. That bill was pre sented to Congress by the friends of my distinguished friend. It wvas paraded before the would as the consummation of all the wisdom, of all the statesman ship of America. In the National Economist, by the lobbyists to put it through Congress, by the orators upon the stump and off the stump, in the press and everywhere, we were told that it w~as a consum-nation of the sub treasury plan. But it semis to me after all the sounding of gongs and blowing of trumpets, which is a matter of public record in the department at Washing ton, that I committed some great crime, and that I will comimit a great .crime to-day if I venture to discuss it without the consent of the bosses who are, try ing to domineer over and dominate every man who chances to differ with tem. LCheering and applause.1 Fel low-citizens, I never expected to live to see thbe day in this State when any citi .en of thbe Comimon wealth of the State of southb Carolina should have to go to thbe iosses of the sub-treasury to get author ity to discuss any public measure of in terest to the peop)le. THE BossEs ANi> THIEIn R ANTLiNo From what I can observe the bosses themselves have become ashamed of their bantling; they have beome ashamed of the bill; and because I ven tured to discuss it have accused me of bad faith, when, as God is my witness, I ia n ore intention of being guilty of badfaiththan I have this day. wll do m friend the justice to say one thing t~o him, that he has the man hood and the courage to say to my fac-:, to state the misrepresentation of wvhat I have said, whbile others waited until Imy back was turned before they plied the tongue of slander and defamation. My friend says that I said at Prosperity that the man who would borro-v moniey at :2 per cent. did not intendl to pay it back. I say to you, fellow-citizens, upon my honor as a man, that wvas a base falsehood, a base nis representation. The gentemian says that no other man who boi rowed imoery would pay it back except the mai iho borrowed it at 7 per cent. I *av that THiAT Is NOT TiW E. So that mriy friend had a good deal of fu; lie told a good many anecdotes: lie created a good deal of laughter upon prmie which were wholly erroneous aid wit hout a particle of foundation. No, gentlemen, I have stood by the idec of tOO many of thle -good people of this State wvhen their souhs nd courage wvere tried to say here or at Prosperity, or anywhere, thait hre were forty thousand farmers in South Catrolina who' were thieves and scundrels. and I brand the author of it asata. [Great cheeering and ap plue.] I have lived too longi have see too niuch of this life at this day of my' exstenc~e to pnmder to demiagogues mil chlarlatains for the highest otmee in ie gift of lie people of this State or any other. And now onie wrd ,pu relyofa perso.n tl character. I believe my felow-coun rymieni will do me the justice to say thfat when Sout h Carolina called upon .-c fr ,-,m serice i have eontrianted thei in war and peace, and I have done so without stopping to count the cost of that contribution. They have honored me perhaps a thousand-fold more than I deserved. but they have never yet, put ie in office upon conduct on my part wvhich would create the be lief or imression that I have ever stated one fact to ihe people of this State that did not meet the approbation of my Judgment and conscience, [applause,] and they never will put me in office if I have to pay as its price the advocat in, the sustaining or imaintaiiiig of any proposition which my judumen t or niY conscience will not approve. T(') STUPID FOR AMENDMENT. My friend rather rebuked me because I had not amended the sub-treasury bill. Why, fellow-citizens, I have tlw.e two bills her.e and I will submit them to the candid judgment of any intelli gent and impartial man in this State, and let him say whether or not in that form they were susceptible of ariend ment. I might-as well have miied to amend a proposition to pont(on the Atlantic Ocean or to build a bridge to the noon. [Laughter and applause.] The bills were introduced by Governor Vance, and they went through the usual course, being rferred to the com mittee on agriculture and they were buried in the tomb of the.Capulets. I had no opportunity of amending them ifrtbey were not susceptible of amend ment. So, then. I have been reproached because I did not amend the bill, and I am asked to discuss the sub-treasury plan. If my friend will pardon ie I would be under the profoundest obliga tions to him if he will only tell mie what that plan is. I have not heard it, and he spoke for an hour and a half by the watch. He talked about the battle of Lucknow, about the Encyclop:edia Britannica. He talked about the re forms of England, about the Duke of Wellington and the Duke of Newcastle, about the abject poverty we were all in, and leading up to that particular flight of his eloquence, from which we would have thought that every man, woman and child in this audience was crawling on his knees in abject poverty with not even the white meat of which he talks to satisfy their hunger. EDGEFIEL) No r STARVING. 'Well, I see before me about as heal thy and well-diessed an audience as I have seen in a long while. The ladies seem to be reasonably well attired. If they will pardon me for referring to that, and the men are not entirely ragged. I expect if they would go home they would find a sweet potato or a bit of bacon, although not so white as he talks about; a little dust of meal, home made, to the manner born and uot imported from Ten nesse or Georgia. [Laughter and applause.] But my friend studiously, conspicuously avoid ed to discuss the very plan which he says I did not discuss, and when he had finished I was inelined to jump up, clap my hands and say that the political Millennium had come. [Laugbter and applause.] And I say it without irreverence that the political Messiah had come. [Laughter and ap plause, and hurrah for Butler!] I was about to exclaim, with folded hands, that this generation and day of our Loru had brought us the electric teie graph, the Trans-Atlantic cable, the flying machine, the electric light, the telephone, the phonograph, THE GRAPHOPHONE AND TOM WAT SoN. [Great laughter and applause.1 A voice: "Hurrah for Watson." Gen. Butler: And I say so, too. He is a new man, [laughter,] just come to life. H e is going to Congress, and he is not only going to pass thre sub-treas ury and put money on these trees. where you all can get it by shakirni hem, [laughter,] but he is going to b.g enational banks, get y' for a , cot ton taX, - -eenouh for one man I . noWT Know what it is, great laugn ter ari d applause,] and when he goes in for all that he will find me with bYim. He jumped on the national banka and he destroyed them, but I do not th* ink he was correct in his statement of tb te history of the banks. Col. Watson: In what particular? Gen. Butler%. You said that they did not buy the currency, that they got. say one tio~ :sand dollars, dlepositedl them in the ftreasury anid got ninety thousand in -urrenev. Col. WVatsr mn: But' w~ho gets the in terest? . Gen. ButI--er: .hy the national bank people, of c!,urse, just as a man mnut pay intere$t on his note. Where would you get bonds if you did not buy them? Col. Watson: But wvhere do the bonds come frdmi? Gen. Butler: I said they were bought fron thie Governmenit. But let mec poit out your iniconisistenicy. When I say thant we dl-sire to repeal the bi"! laying a tarx of 1n' per cent on the Stan - banks ini order to paralyze the national banks, lie says oh no:,that will not do. Col. Watson: I did'niot say that, for I understood you to say that yo oh ject to it as a remedy. What is your Gen. Butler: My plan would b.e to repeal the tax on State banks. But I neel not discuss the bill. I am to furnish the plan and you the bill, for that is your logic. [Laughter and ap plaus.1 (ol. Watsoin: That is all right. but I will miake this traide I will conme ini on the State banks if you corme ini on thne sub-tIreastiry. Gen. Butler: Well, that is a fair proposition, gentlemen, andl I will (10 it, but on this conditionr, that I will tell him what my bill is if he will tell mue what hris bill is, and( I tell him now that the bill, which I tried twice to have passed, is to remov.e the 10 per cent tax on State banks. C~ol. Watson: What is youri lani? en. Butler: JIust keep tiuiet now: have patience, and I will tell you. I waited on voti. I would say to the far mers of t his country-go to t he Legislar ure and apply for a ebarter to go into tIre banking business, deposit a hundred housaid or Ii fty thousand dollars, as ve did before the war, when the banks of Columbia and Hamburg enjoyed a very high credit. Gen. Butler here explained the me thiod of procedutre before the war of putting in a given amount and issuing double tire amount ini bank notes. A voice: "How are you going to get the cpital?'' wORK FoR IT! AH!, TriERlE's THrE RtUiI ;e. Butler: Work for it, sir. How else would yoeu expect to get it? [Great laughter and applause.] U~nder that ysteml there was no contraction of the currencv, and the gentleman should i'meler that in the instances cited from Holland, Swveden and Norway as preceents for the sub-treasury, the money was disbursed through the banks nd rnt directly to the p)eople by the Goverment, which is the sub-treasurv plan. Besides the Constitution proh! hits stb-treasury leuislationi, and lie must swear to obey it na I have sworn to ob. ;i I houil bave hlenr g,rll said Senator Butler, to have heard y distinguished fricnd on Ti E Srn BJECT O: DENoCRACY a little. If the newspapers are to ie believed, and of course th y are, he has been doing some very earnest work against the party. As the di.ti guished gentleman said in introdu-ing my friend, Georgia has often :ided So'uth Carolina in her political trou bles. Her distinguished men have crossed the river to aid us in times of nPd, to maintain the integrity, honor, charat ter and perpetuity of our Demtiorrotie party. [(-reat applause.] Now I nder stand that this distinguisOed gente man has come to u-s to plit the kife, the entering wedge for its disintegra tion and destroe:ion. A voice: "You wrung bim that time." Col. Watson: Are we discussing the subtreasury plan or not? Gen. Butler: I am not to he governed by your ideas on that subject. Col. Watson: I would like to say if you go into a general talk on my record I would ask for more time to reply. [Cheers for Watson and CoUnter i-heers for Butler.] Gen. Butler: I do not think he wants to discuss ly political record. Col. Watson: Well. you opened the list :nd I am not going to show the white feather. [Cheers and hurralis for Watson.] Gen. Iutler: I understood you to take my record in hand and discuss it without reservation. Col. Watson: I did not criticise your record, but let us go back, the only reference I made was to your speech reported in the News and Courier aud merely wanted you to say whether it was correct or not, and you did not answer. Gen. Butler: Because I did not want to interrupt you. He says, gentle.men, that he did not take liberties with my record, but he did criticise a report which did not purport to be steno graphie. Col. WatEon: I asked you to point out where were the errors. Gen. Butler: And I did, but r will ,ive you all the time to reply. Col. Watson: Go ahead. I'll be able to take care of myself. A voice: "Now go on, General, and tell us about the Third Party." Gen. Butler: As to that, I say that the departure advocated and main tained by the gentleman if persevered in a spirit which he manifested must result in a Third Party, I ktppose that is a legitimate conclusion. A voice: "Where did the Third Party come from last year? Wasn't it Has kell who led it?" Gen. Butler: Yes, and I hope it will be a lesson to them, [applause.] for there is no room for a Third Party; never has been and nevpr will be. Gen. Butler expressed the hope and the belief that the Farmers' Am.iance would not be found in line with the Third Party. He complimented it on its work vhen confined within its original lines, and referred particularly to the successful fight made agaiust the .Jte Trust, and this brought up the subject of the tariff, which Gen. Bt 'r discW'sed at some length, explain, ing its exactions and how they op erated. Gen. Butler's speech was iuterrupted here by the hour for adjournment. Resumin.g his speech, Senator Butler be-an hv showing that the subtreasury oflicials ~ieant Federal interference in locai affairs, and he said it would put us, body and soul, back again under the Federal power. He maintained that the bill was a violation of the first Article of the Constitution. He said that the loans in the New Orleans and Philadelphia exposition cases were in pursuance of appropriations and were of dou btful validity, atnd were j usti tied partly on the general welfare clause. He delnied vehemently that the Demo cratic party was derelict ini its duty. Senator Butler referied again to the fact that Col. Watson wanted the na tional banks abolished, and when he, Butler, suggested the repeal of the tax on the State b.anils as a remedy Col. Watson said it '.culdn't do. I have come to the conclusion, said he, that if were to suggest a remiedy announced by inspiratiotn from Heaven lhe would re~ject it. [A pplause.] ARG(UING; FOR STATE HANKS. Nevertheless. Senator Batler went on atnd explained the operation of the State banks before the wvar, their in tegrity and success, and thought that they could no0w he operated as succe ss fully, lie maintained that there could be no run upon the blanks or no sacri fies to speculators if the conditioni of ie banks were subject toofliciatl exam iiation, as was the rule in the national banks. lIe held that the' national banks were a war measure, althotugh not inzst itutedl until 1S(;;, because Mr. Chase could not borrow money else where, and he h:ad to float the bonds of th G overrinment by the nzational banik iig plant. Senator Butler said that the land loati schemie was proved to be a failure in Florida. In general terms the chee could only result in a monopo!y of, lands and mortgages on lands in tihe hand of fe. Seato Buter,in th.Oitconetion, exlainedl the disline tiot etween tbanlk cturrcncy and loans andt disc~(ounits. Rteferrinag to the suceor iiven the l'nglishi by Peel and ( 'astlec reh, Senattor Butler rein ded (Col. Watso thait such speedyv relief was a posblty ontly i undar a constit u ttialI ioarchy, anid that this GoverQn1meat was one of the people, by the people and for thle people. Our Consti tutioni, ur written gospel, prohiibits things posile to 1 ritishi statesment. [A p pla use.]1 Senaitor Bu tier (coniti1ned as ffllows: Ax MATE OF'~ t0 ETIQtUETTE. I regret, feliow-citizenis, that any thing -4ould have escaipedl mie iin my eiarks wh:heb migh t in the shigh test derc"ee miar the courtesies of the ocea sin to our dlis!tinguishied friend. He eteber's perfectly well that last ight when we met for the first time I went to him andh said: "You are a trager aniong us: choose you r owni po5itioni in thIiis debate. I will eithe: open and~ rep)ly, or you can."' I had very i nclinattioni to ex tend to hint every courtesy for which this State is celebrated. I referred to his polit ical rrlations to the parties in G eorgia inl response to what I thought were liber ties he hadl taket with myni political rcord. I have nothing whtateve-: to be ashamed of, so far as may reord is concerned, and I ami sure that lie has not. Applause and cheers for Butth:r and Watson.] Referring to TIlE HtAsKELL MOVEMENT Gen. Butler said: MIy friend, Hardy. wan ted to know a little while ago if there wasn't a Third Party last year in this State. Well, there was an effort to run a ticket, which I thought very ill-advised. and so expressed mtyseif then, but the power and influence of one man are of little avail. I ilapught it was a great mistake and I think so no0w. [ AIpplaulse.] I voted the he emocratic ticket straight out arid ot, beaue the m-.jnrity of my fellow-citizens nominated the ticket, and I shall do it again. They had a right to their opinion and we had a right to ours, and I have lived too long to be offended with a man be cause he differs with me in opinion. He adverted to Col. Watson's argument about the land loan banks of Norway and Sweden and said the Governiment did not there lend money direct to the people, but the banks, and that the same thing was possible in ourcountry under the present system. STAND BY THE PARTY. Senator Butler appealed to the audi ence to stand by the Democratic party, now that its prospects of success were so bright. He was pained to hear it said that the Democratic party had done nothing for the people. uch a statement could only have been made through ignorance or design, and when the party lines were drawn he expected to ;ev all the Democrats together ex cept a few Hessians. He said: When ever the time comes let us again lock our shields for the battle, and when my services shall be called for I shall not stop to count the cost. If the people of this State, when my term expires, sha'l conclude to send some one else to the United States senate, in God's name let them do it. It is their right and I shall not complain, but if I am to be expected at this late day to advocate measures which my conscience does not approve you must send some one else to the UJnited St4tes Senate. A good deal has been said about what Senator Butler thinks and says, but I am not in this controversy as Senator Uutler. I am plain M. C. Butler, and I have never presumed for one moment to oppress the humblest citizen by rea son of the high station to which I have been elevated. If I have done anyone wrong,asGod is my witness,I stand here prepared to Iake the pgoper amends. Senator or no Senator, I have always expressed my honest judgment, and when this country reaches that point when I shall not be permitted to tell the truth as I tinderstand it, let my friends lay nie ..side and I shall retire without a murmur. [Applause and cheers for Butler.j The foregoing, of course, is only a s.1 nopsis of Senator Butler's speech, which was wildly and enthusiastically applauded as he closed. Col. Watson' Reply. Col. Watson then rose to reply and there was. a second storm of hurralis and cheers. He said that Senator Butler had ac cused him of trying to pontoon the Atlantic and build a bridge to the moon. He, Watson ,bad failed in this, but he was sure Gen. Butler had suc ceeded, and Gen. Butler was still with the man in the moon, with his old friend, Bill Spencer, playing on the fiddle. 1Great laughter and applause, in which Senator Butler heartily joined.] If there was anything he did not deoate it was certainly the sub treasury, but be had talked about tragedy and comedy to keep his spirits up at the other end of the bridge. [Laughter and applause.1 He thought that his speech was very much speckl ed, lige the buter in a certain old lady's pantry, which the old lady says was sieokled, but that her jersey cows were a d--d sight more so. [Re newed laughter and applause.] He de nied that lie had not discussed the sub treasury plan. He had discussed it as he would discu-s any other grave measure or reniedy on the line he had laid down in his opening speech. He said distinctly it was desired to ,et money direct to the people at 2per 'ent ; that the people should not be discriminated against in favor of na tional banks. He had showed that what was wanted was a medium that would expand or contract only with the necessities of trade. As to the de tails he thought they could be discussed ereafter but he had certainly discussed the p)lan. He would be a pr.tty fellow indeed if he came here to talk about a plan and didn't do it. Gen. Butler did not catch his idlea about the Ham burg bank. They did not issue money on gold and silver, but certificates that deposits had been made and the certiticates became money. He had shown that the banKs of Sweden ioued money direct on land upon mort gages to two-thirds of the value of the l~nd. He did not see wvhy that rule could not be applied to cotton, which varied less from century to century than silver. Senator Butler : Will you stat e whether the money in Norway and Sweden is issued by the "banks or by the Government? C2ol. Watson : The money of the banks is authorized by the Govern ment, and it circulates just as green baks circulated here. Tihat is, that the certiticates are convertible into money as good as greenbacks. A v~oice : "I don't wish to trouble the debate, but I would like to ask you a question." Cot. Watson: All right, go ahead. You can't trouble the debate. Trhe voice: "I have no land. How will your land loan benefit mec ?" Another voice : "Oh. don't mind hi m : he is a preacher." Col. Watson: Suppose you have no land, will the change leave you in any worse condition than you are now? If a man has nothing and don't want to make anything, he is unfortunate and we can't help him. Now, boys, I think he is in trouble, isn't iie? But I do say that if the neighbors around von make plenty of corn and cotton and get mioey~ at '2 per cent., they will take care of the one-armed peopleC of this conitry. [Applause and cheers.] Cot: W\atson, in answer to another question, said that the tenants would be benelitted because they couldl get money on the surplus over the rent. Anhow, said Col. Watson, I have beei compared to the Mlessiah, and he came to heal the sick and not the wvell, [lau-.hter andl applause,] andl besides. voi must rceemtber that when one of yon asked ( en. Butler how to get money to put in State banks, he told im to, go and wvork for it. [Laughter an I o plause.] 1-ow do vou feel now, s,nny'? (M'ore laughter and applause.J A 'voice: "'Are you going to vote for ('risp" Col. Wm.tson: Gentlemen, that fellow Isoun1ds exactly like a last year's April fool. ILaughter.] Thevoce "I want to know who yon are going to vote for for Speaker'' Cot. Watson: The man that stands nearest the ()eala platform. In answer to a suggestioni fronm Mr. .aes P. Bean Col. W\atson said that there would be no expense in issuing the certificates, except in the paperand the ink. As to the dispute between Senator Buer and Dr. Stokes it was qjuestion of evidence, some people attirmed what he is reported to have said, and the Senator and others deni'ed it. He thought it strange that Senator Butler had not corrected it ini his favorite paper, the News and Courier, which was Anti-Alliance and a supporter of the Senator. Senator Butler: I d d co,rrect it in the ('fttn Plant. Col. W atson, continuing his speech, ;aid that he did not know much about j0litics in South Carolina, but he knew Jhe Alliauce was Jeffersonian Demo -ratie in Georgia. (Applause.1 He -laiiedi that the force bill was killed Ahrough the orders of the National Al iance Convention at Ocala. Col. Watson devoted a great part of ais arguieut after this to the needs of in iucome tax. Recurring to the 2 per :ent. difficulty at Prosperity Col. Wat iou used tbs language: "You have ad initted, General, t-. your own paper >n that reported a, .nfanous lie." Senator Butler: "No, sir, I did not. [said that whoever said that I charged rorty thousand farmers of South Caro lina with being thieves and scoundrels were infamous liars. (7ol: Watson, with the assent of Sena or Butler, took a had primary as fol: lows: "Those men in this audieuce who jelieve that the Ocala platform is pure leffersonian Deiocra.-y hold up your right hands." Here the right hands of bout nine-tenths of those who voted Jeclafed it was. Thenti 4 sirallar vote was taken on the sub-treasury plan with the same result. Col. Watson: Now I hope the re poters will put down that at over whelming majority of the audience voted for the (cala platform. Near the clost of tiJs speech Senator Butler said: I would like you, Col. Watson, to come down more practically >n the subject of Democracy. I wotuld ilke to ask you if the Ocala platform is submitted to the TjationaJ pemocratic onvention and it is rejected, will you tand by the National Convention? WATSON TRIES TO DODGE. Col. Watson: Sufficient for the day s the evil thereof. Voice: "Oh, no, that won't do, that won't do." Col, Watson; Well, my people are my osses not you. They told me to stand Dy the Ocala platform, ar d I am going .o do it if I meet my political death by it, and I shall die with the colors wrapped around my body. (Applause.1 Continuing, Col. Watson attacked the record of Cleveland, said he would not vote for him and the farmers could not expect the abolition of national manks so long as a Wall street banker was chairmau of the r.ational executive ,ommiittee. Col. Watson subsequent'y took a band primary as to who was right in Lhe bebate, he or Senator Butler, and it resulted pretty much as before. Col. Watson: I think, General, you ire in a minority here to-day. Gen. Butler: 0, no, I am not. Voices: "He will get there all the 5amie. Col. Watson: This crowd is with me, sure as you live. I can swear to a crowd ike this. Shortly after this Col. Watson con Auded his speech, his friends cheering viciferously, and Gen. Butler's frieuds burrahing for Butler, and everybody to ill appearances in a very laudable and ovely good humor. M. F. T. THE COUNTY TEACHERS. ae Institute Closes-A Profitable and Suc vesbful Week-.A Full Report of the 'roceedings. On Wednesday afternoon we had a nost interesting and helpful talk from Director Morrisou on oral arithme tic. In this he stressed the desirability f continuous and continued exercises in order to develop great mental ac tivity and readiness. He exemplfied these points by original examples, thus giving an opportunity to test hit method practically. I believe it was unanimously conceded that this is the kind of work which gives that rapidity ad accuracy so desirat>le in an account int. This being true, its importance cannot be overestimated. Mr. Welch i!o'y resumed his talk on Least Common Multiple and Greatest Common Divisor. By examiples on the black-board he so clearly and thoroughly explained the methods, that I think the teachers who heard bim will no longer have ditticulty iit imparting the underlying principles. After a brief talk on arithmetic the Institute adjourned to umeet at 9:3( tomori ow. A fter the opening exercises were through, MIiss Bonhbam took tht board to exemplify the phoinic method The flashing eyes of the primary work ers plainly indicated their entbusiasm and the deep attention of all showec the great interest felt by them in thi: most important work. This woi-k was beautifully arnd sys teatically presented. The vowehx were taken and marked to show tht long and short sounds, then such con sonants as had but a single sound were taken-those baying two sounds being purposely left out to avoid conmfusing the child-and these sounds distinctly given, and the difficulties that children tid were explained, thus showing the location of tne rocks, that we miight avoid the breakers in presenting tlh to children. Questions were freely .sked and satisfactorily answered. Dr. M1cIntosh was now introd(uced tc the nstitute, and mrade a practical aiid most instructive talk on Nchool Hy giene. He gave practical advice as te what should be done in case of poison ing, fainting, or cut blood ves-'el. .ln case of poison, do not wait to im vestigate whether the poison be mm rai or vegetable; but give emetic at once,-hot water, water and mustard, failing these, tickle throat with a feather, or insert finger in mouth to base of tongue aud press forward. This last is always at hand. In case a pupil faints, at once place himt in liorn ontal position, thus doing away with the action of gravity and hence assist ing an enfeebled heart to force the blood to the brain, dash cold water in the race. By all mieans have him placed in a borizontaLpositioni and loose the elothing. Dr. 31eInto'sh e-Ulled attention to the ivine wisdom displayed ini the fash oing of the hunman being. The vital ,rgans are all p)rotectedl, and( it is ditli e-uLt to reach them-. Where large arte ries or b'lood vessels come near the sur face they are on the inside of the limb, and hence farthest fromi danger. Ini ease a large artery or blooa vessel ih out, tie a handkerchief orsome equiva lent aroun rd the limb, insert a sti'-k or ruler between limb and handkerchief and t ist the handkerchief, thus mak ing a tourniquet. On ventilation he gave some very iiteresting fact . By somre menital cal uulations lie showed how inadequate are our school rooms to do thbe work desired-that is to furnish p)ure, tho roughly oxygenated air to the p,upils. As the oxygen is used in the lunigs arid o'mes hack carbonic gas the proportio'n r)f gas to oxygen inucreases. This brinum about sleepiness, languor, headache, nd kindred troubles, arid the pupil cannot do himself justice. On this head he gave a very practica'l and wise suggestion as to how to secure fresh aii ini cold weather. Raise the window xlout six inches and place under it a o.i board, th- fr.oming three flues between the pan-s of glass, this would add considerably to the ventilation of the room. Dr. Joynes, at the close of Dr. McIn tosh's remarks resumed his subject, Higher Lnglish. His former talks on this line had led up to tbe treatment of set,tences by analysis. Now he began to analyze. This was done in a mian i , which was iasterful in its sim plicity, and which satisfied a want long felt by the writer. Since the sentence is the unit of thought, and hence of ex pression, in English, we must treat it as a whole. This word "whole" is the key to the situation, and must be con stantly kept in i'iid. A simple sen teuce is resolved into subject and predi cate. That is all there is in it, nothing more, nothing less. Right here tbo stumbling block coiws in. Not eon tept to Vualy.e and g,t the sense in tended to be conveyed, parsing is at- 1 tempted and often we butt our head 4 against ditficulties of which the geniun of the language does Iut dispoie. In thi.s evpt, rai;e your hat, niake your plitest bow and adnit that there is I more beyond, and that you yet have an incentive to study. In doing tiis you recognize the wonderfql power and scope of our mother tongue. The Doc tur took a printed list of sentences and practically exemplified his method and showed occularly the great ease attend ing its use. Just before JIr. Joynes ulosed, State SLperintenden: .>f Educa tiQn Mayfield entered. The Doctor brought his talk to a close and Director 2Morrison introduced 3r. Mayfield to the Institute. ,\r. Nfayfield favored the Inst itute with some very pertinent remarks about Teachers' lustitutes, and the profession generally. He bade t4em 4 press forward in the work, and prom ised all the help in his power. He said the press, almost to a paper, had criti cised his efforts to raise the staudard of proficiency among the teachers, but that he intended to pursue the even tenor of his way. He said that abrm.d, Newberry County stood, higheSL in efficiency of teachers and teachers' association work. Mr. 31avfield's remarks were well received and were helpful. We regret his stay was so short. The afternoon session was devoted to Geography and Arithmetic. Director Morrison took up Geogiaphy, and niadea helpful talk. He placed upon the blackboard a chart on which were written the steps thought most desirable to be pursued in teaching this study. He amplified this chart by pertinent remarks. Mir. Ve'ch followed on the subject of fractions-the pons asinoruni of arith mietic. MJr. Welch took up a. highly complex form of fractions and by sin ple cancellation arrived at the result in one-fourth the time generally con sumed. Mental arithmetic was stressed and its importaLce brought out. On Thursday night we had quite a literary treat in a lecture by Dr. Joyues. 1 The Newberrians wbo did not hear it missed a great deal. Dr. Joynes took for his subject-English Language. After a few preliminary remarks, be said that, as he prayeth best who loveth best, so he teachrtih best who loveth best. English is our mother tougue and is entitled to our admiration and I love, and our reverence. It is the patent of our nobility. The Eaglish langage is the most perfect instru ment of expression ever put at th)e command of man. Historically speak ing, the latest born, the Benjamin of the linguistic family. Its character is composite, Germanic. (in the original senso) blended with French. Here Dr. Joynes showed the eflect of the Norman conquest upon our lan guage. How the German and French inflections, nlo. agreeing, swallowed each other and left us a tongue almost without inflect ion, and which is neither German nor French, but English, dif ferent fronm b''h or either. The his torical and philological contents of our language are very rich. We draw freely fronm German, French, Greek, Latin, &c. Our vocabulary is mixed. Manifold in its origin; unequalled in range and richness of words, in accent and intonation. We have many synonyms in our language which, while meaning prac tically the sanme thing, have by that accuracy of thought and dlistmetionh peculiar to our tongue, taken on shades of meaning peculiar to themselves, e. g. building. edifice, house, mansion. Speech, address, oration. Tale, word, narrationf, history. Short, 1 rief, con cise, laconic. Build, erect, construct. In no other language in the world is there so great power in diction. In no other is it so importan t to use right words. H enee give great heed to diction. The dictionary is not dull if read with 1 the intellect. The words, as we find them there. are only skeletons. Learn their structure, so that when we build sentences of them, we roay knowjist where to fit themx in to rnake a perf.ect sentence, conveying a living thought. Our tonwue is heterogeneous and mnani fold in its conistitulents. W\onderful in< its power anid scope. rTere is a word for wvhich, as yet we have no need, curator, when we fleed it we will take< it, as we have takegi orator and sena-( tor, and tby ch]anin~g the accent madeJ themi English. D)r. .Joynes used many examles to, show the genius of the language. Its great powVer to mneorpo-, rate and assimilate foreign words. This, he said, showed not only the power of growth, biut was a p)ledge of growth.t In sharp contrast he showed the weak ness of the Germa:n langtuage. Its ina bility to :assimilate foreign words. Thle inflection of these words had to be learned separately. Societies were formed pledged to not use foreign wors-thus admtiitting-the weakness of the language. Our grammar is pe culiar for its extreme brevity-of wr forms. Inflections dropped; polysyl lables replaced by monosyllables; con densationi and compression of word forms; force and p)ower of emphasis- 1 a great element ini oratory. Here the] doctor said lie had intended to read I two o,f Tennysena p)oems, but the< time was too short. In these poemfs 75 to 40 per centt of the wordis are- mono11 syllables, showing thbat English goes like a bullet to the mark. Our lan guage is essentially logical and not gramm i at ical. We get the meening of words by their position. English is characterized by cohesion, simplicity, clearness. is subject to logical laws. The Latin mioves in graceful, sweep ing curves, the English by right lines. Clearness is an essential in English. We nmay write />ad English but it is im- J possible to write o,bscuire Englis.:. Our I language possesess precision, assimila tion, power. struet ural simplicit y, brev- 1 ity, eniphasis and force. 'The su premnequalities of language. Thegrow th 1 of our language formts the grandest chapter in modern history. Enghli literatur- is the richest and highest. ancient or modern. In history the A nglo Saxon has been called Romani in conquest for civilizatior: and progress She is mrore than Roman. The dloctor here very graphically and eloquently drew a picture of a New Zealander i ages to come travelling to the tightt litl Isl t 'i w the ruins of St Paul's and London bridge, and as le sat Upo the crumbled arches of the bridge and sketched the wonders of former ages be thought upon the grandness and power of the civilization of the days gone by, and when awe.inspired hte re turned to ha far-away hone, io tell of the grandeur of the~ :eereS he had looked upon, he w g/ish. Dr. Joyues inpre.sed i bearers to possess, love, gua ance and study our raother to rhe writer jistened with wrapt atte :ion to Dr. Joynes' address and feels low imperfectlY be has given it. The ?loquence, intonation, emphasis. force birown into the words by Dr. Joynes an not be reproduced on paper. The tddress closed all too soon. Friday morning wis ushered in with b heavy rain, but notsufficiently heavy o dampen the ardor of the tesehers !ute a number being present. The ex rolses were opened with prayer by )irector Morrison. The first subj.ct, spelling, was taken ip by the director Dnd the following uggestions placed upon the blackboard, iz: 1. Correct errors when made. 2. Teach by groups. 3. Spelling bees. 4. Word, part of speeeb, definitior. 5. Spell backwards. (;. Keep list of common errors. 7. Written spelling. S. Spelling in concert. 9. Letter about. 10. By syllable. 11. "A" pronounce, "B" spell. 12. Teaeher furnish phonics, pupils etters, M. At close of History or Geography all for difficult words. 14. "A" spells all words, others note rrors. 1.5. Look for errors in poorly edited iewspapers. 16. .'ntroduce like sounded words. 17. Use names of a class of subjects Ls elephant, etc. As each of the,above was written lown. Director Morrison gave reason or the use of it, and used examples to it.ingly exemplify same. Dr. Joynes took part in the discus ion and called special attention to vritten spelling. This he said trained he eye and developed the child along he line of "form." Many words by hir sound did not give any hint as to be letter used, and if one knew the orm, one would at once detect the rror, a. g. Lessen, lesson. Mortal, )istol, axle. He said bad spellIng was o inherent and so universal that we hould fight it as we would fight the [evil. The Doctor also stressed distinctness >f articulation as a great help to spell ng, for instance, if"steady"aud"study" vere spoken in a slipshod. sl6venly nanner we could not tell what to pell. Mr. Welch also gave good reasons, >ased on Psychological facts, why 'form" should be stressed. The next subject reached was Higher English, assigned to Dr. Joynes. The Doctor in his former talks had lone all that could be expected of him n so short a time. Beside teaching nany valuable facts, he had set the >eople to thinking. He now took pars ng. After a few preliminary remarks >n analysis, leading up to parsing he >laced t be following on the blackboard, niz: )IFFICULTIES IN ENGLISt PARSING. Parse the English idiom without sub titution, omission or addition, except n case of ellipsis. Supply what is clearly implied. Equivalence is not identity--saerd d less of idiom. Transfer or adaptation of parts of peeh. TheDoctor emphasized the fact that we. ijust parse what we see. When we meet Sdifficulty do not hit it on the head vit.h a lhammer, and substitute some ~hing else and fondly believe the diffi ~ulty solved-it is nob o-you have dis >osed of the difficulty, but not scientifi ~ally. It is there still. Whben you ~ranspo)se and substitute you do violence o the genius of the mother tongue. her idiom is torn to pieces. And this s somethbing no one should do. Treat >ur mother tongue reverently as we would our mother after the flesh. The Doctor took a list of sentences which ie had selected to exemplify this work md ? think satisfied the audience. The great interest taken in his :alks and the questions put to him ,howed that he had most successfully roused enthusiasm. Several knotty luestioJns were~ asked hinm, but these me answeredl in a most satisfactory nanner. His reasoning was clear, ogica'l, forcible, convincing. One of ne main points or discussion was the se of a conjunction as asubject. Ilam nre the Doctor made this so plain that ~he who ruus may read." At the close of his talk Dr. Joynes ~ava the names of three books; also the ddress of the publishers. These books -especially the first and second, he re omimended to the teachers. They are s follows: English in preparatory schools (Huff utt) 25c. English in the schools Wood ward ) 25c.-D. C. Heath & Co., oston. -Lessons in linguist ic methods Laurie) 3cMillan &Co. ,N. Y. M1iss 'Bonham followed Dr. Jioynes ith a talk on numbers. This was rery interesting, and gave the teachers nany new ideas.Miss Bonhiam stressed he fact that we must not push too fast. ,et the child have timie, endeavor to et the natural exp)res.sion from thie -ild. To force the mind is to injure Mir. Welch followed Miss Bonhamon 'epetends. htis motto is "stick to prin :iples." Mfr. Welch had just gotten varmed up to his work when his time expired. H-e had just reached the nagic No. 9. The repetend maker. We vere very sorry to find that the time to bse theI istitute had arrived. It seems o us one week is too short for this im ortant work. We just begin to receive lie benetirs, an'i are in a condition to btain lasting good when the time to :!ose is upoun us. Especial thanks are lue the able faculty for their untiring :eal anid efficient work. And to the state Superintendent of Education, Mr. Hayfield for his interest and eff'orts in >ur~ :ehalf. Too miuch commnendation md th:mrl s can not be bestowed upon >ur energetic and efficientCountySchool omiiiioner for his unitiring efforts n behalf of the teachers and the cause >f education. To the hospitable people >f Newberry the teachers are indebted or their kind consideration. We be ieve thbe cause of education can in no vay be better fostered than by Insti utes, and we would impress upon all eaThers the necessity of attendimg bese wherever they can be reached. The teacher who wishes to succeed nust be abreast the times in methods mmd in all that pertains to pedagogies. We learn all th]ese at Institutes. PEDAGOGCE. To keep the beard frdgeturning gray, mnd thus prevent the -appearan.ce (f ge, use Buckipgham's Dye for the hiskes the hbest dye mae