Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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.19 " ESTABLISHED 1865.0_ NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, JL 3 81 __ ___ PIE$.0AYA A RAMBLE AMONG SURNAMES. Annual Address Delivered by Rev. J. Wal ter Daniel Before the Alumni Aso ciation of Newberry College, June 16,1891. When the student becomes wearied d exhausted by close and prolonged application, there is no surer or more efficacious restorative than a -a-nble along the prattling brook, or thiough the deep shades of the forest, or over the hills and through the secluded valleys. Nature has her own r is medi catrix; and to him only who dares to penetrate the solitary glens and the sylvan seclusions of earth will come the aroma of wild flowers and the exhila rating voices of wild nature's revels. Many rare and choice bouquets may be gathered elsewhere than from hot houses and well cultivated flowe>..gar dens. So, along the by-ways of litera ture, and almost unwritten history, the rambler may gather the sweetest nose gays of unadorned truth. I therefore propose a Ramble among Surnames. But some one, out of harmony with history, may ask with Juliet. "What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name wouldrsmell as sweet." That is doubtless true. But we must remember that she had just said: "0 be some other name!" Thus she has left on record the fact that she: really felt, as a mere matter of sentiment, there was not a little in the cognomen by which men and things are known.. There is much in an appel lation even if it serve no other purpose than that of distinguishing man from man and thing from thing. All of us, indeed, are~ brought to appreciate its value when wishing to speak of some thing or of some person, we awake, as did Nebuchadnezzar of old, that the thing is gone from us. There can,indeed,be no exercise in the whole business ofinstruction more useful to the miad than the analysis of names in the concentrated light of history and the conditions out of which they were evolved. It brings the careful student into the iner sanctuary of thought, as it relates to the annals of nations, for they are but the cristalization of thought as it stands connected with the great as well as the lesser events of the ever receding past.- Surnames are the side-lights of history, while the appellations which things and places bear constitute the foot-lights of the drama of life as it was -played byourAngSason-progenitore. He who reads history without a knowl edge of the derivation of names may stand in the dim light of the outer court, and even there he may indeed offer incense, but he who penetrates within and looks upon the scene under the resplendent influences of side and foot-lights beholds it grow incandes cent in interest, and he worships and adores. Surnames became generally heredi tary about the close of the thirteenth century, and all kinds of methods were resorted to in order to establish them. They were fixed upon us by our ances-I tors from the most casual incidents and evironments, as well as from common place characteristics and occupations. It may, at the first thought, appear in credible that surnames should have I. been applied so- indifferently, but when we consider-that only a few centuries ago the single names which our Anglo Saxon ancestors bestowed upon their children were really less than four hun dred in number, and that only twenty 6r thirty of-these, for each sex, were in conimont use-half of all the names of men being made up of the seven appellations, John, Henry, William, James, George, Thomas and Richard, so that-a number of persons even in a small community would bear the same name; and when we remember that these single names gave no hint of relationship or family descent, we can easily see that the necessity for a second, or surname, would speedily arise, and tht tes of nasupmp rwould be a In this emergency the country from which one emigrated frequently served to fasten upon him a surname. Thus Thomas from Wales very naturally passed into Thomas Welch. William from Scotland became William Scott, Harald from "The Land of the Mid night Sun," an:i a descendant he may have been of the Vikings, inherited the surname Norman; Louis from France passed very easily into Lewis French; Hugh, the German, was very nat urally called Hugh German or Gorman. -The Osbornes are of Norse origin and the name meant "The bear of the gods," bestowed, doubtless, originally by some viking * upon the healthiest specimen of his hardy offspring, and Gilchrist, "The servant of Christ," is also of Norse de scent. In the eastern section of South Caro lina there is no more familiar name than that of Easterling. Our Anglo Saxon fore-fathers called emigrants from the country lying east of their * little sea-girt island, lEasterlings, hence the term Serling. Connected, therefore, with that name we have a most inter esting piece of history. * ~ In that far off age wh~en surnames were made, when every petty earl or b.aron had his private mint, when money wvas coined by towns as well as by states, we cetnnot fail to learn eveni from romance literature that mieu had even then learned the art of short * weight. A scene in Ivanhoe illustrates the preva!ent shortage, at that time, in coin. When Gurth, the thrall & Cedric, acting, clandes tinely, squire to the disinherited Wilfred, paid Isaac of York eighty zeechins for the use of the noble steed and goodly armor which the disinher ited knight used in the tournament at Ashby, it will be remembered by every one who has read the scene, how the covetous Jew weighed the eighteenth zecchin on the end of his fi nger,and tried its genuineness by ringing the metal upon the table, struggling all the while between a desire to reward the swine herd and his greed for gold. But the clear ring and full weight made Gurth one zecchin poorer than, perhaps, he would otherwise have been. In that age when there could be very little guarantee of the genuinenessand quali ty of the current money, the coin brought to England by the Germans was known Easterling or Sterling money, whi . vas a synonim for its purity, hence the proud sterling, or the term as used to denote a man of pure character. Chapman is of Norse origin, and means a merchant or peddler. Bjorn, the son of Harald Fairhair, as early as the middle of the ninth century was the first man, so far as history informs us, that ever bore that surname. He was a peaceable, frugal, trading and economic under-king whom his jealous brothers mockingly called "Bjorn the Chapman." He was cruelly murdered by his brother "Eric Blood-axe" anout A. D. 933. But the name still lives. As it comes to us through the English we have Chapman, but that branch of the hardy family that sought their fortunes among tne Germans was called Kaufman: the two names have a com mon Norse origin and are really one and the same name. ' A difficult problem, it is said, once puzzled the brain of a rustic American citizen. He could not solve the mys tery as to the existence of so many peo ple who bore the ubiquitous cognomen Smith. It was indeed the problem of his life, till at last he drifted by chance it .may have been, into the "city of brotherly love"; there he read this sign over the main entrance of a great fac tory: "TIlE SMITH MANUFACTERING COMPANY." The problem was solved satisfactorily, at least to him; there, he concluded they made Smiths and thus peopled the world. But that henorable name. so lauda bly connected with almost every phase of Anglo-Saxon history, antedates not only the city of Philadelphia, but the glories of the New World itself. It is of ancient origin, and was a common name among the Romans. (Fabricius -a smith). There is indeed an allusion to the name in the New Testament it self-Demetbius the silver-zmith-who did St. Paul very great wrong. If that I name, as it is recorded in the sacred volume, had appear..' as a disciple, or follower of Christ it would have be come a powerful argument in the hands of polemics in the universal establishment of the doctrines of Ar minianism, or salvation decreed for all men. Smiths, therefore are not made, as the rustic back-woodsman imagined, but the whole fratei-nity of them enny the honorable distinction of being self made, and may honorably claim a glorious and ancient lineage. They get their name from the Anglo Saxon Smnitan, to smite. That term was applied to ;r:E who dealt blows in an honest and lawful craft. Their vocation was, not to smite men on the bloody field of battle, thus weaving, for themselves garlands of vic-tory, and thereby inscribing their name in the annals of the world's butcheries; but they smote the crude material from the earth's bowels "hip and thigh" and thus brought beauty, order and utility out of chaos. Trhey. were the artisans--the Tubalcains of the Anglo-Saxon race. Therefore while the theological controversial ists have been unable to use the name in the establishment of their doctrines, that name proves conclusively that the disposition of the Anglo-Saxon race has ever been in favor of getting an honest living by honest strokes. South Carolina and the world owes a lasting debt of gratitude to that name, for our rice takes precedence in all the markets of the world. "In 1(393," we are told; "Landgrave Thomas Smith-of whose descendauts more than five hun dred were living in the$State in 1808 (a number doubtless largely increased since), moved perchance by a prophetic sense of the fitness that the father of such a numerous progeny should pro. vide for the support of an extensive population-introduced the culture of rice into South Carolina. The seed came from the island of Madagascar, in a vessel that put into Charleston har bor in distress." It is, indeed, an evil wind that blows nobody any good, but it always requires a Smith to smelter and ham tier it out of adverse circum stances. Virginia and South Carolina may, therefore, grasp hands even across "the old North State" with her teem ing multitude of Smiths, and exult in the historic distinction that while the personal magnetism of one Johni Smith, in somec way or other, touched the heart of the fairest wild nmaid of the Virginia forest when Powhattan was about to become practically a Smiter himself, our Landgrave Thomas Smith retaliated on the proud old chief, and snatched the last, lingering laurel from the brow of the poor red-man, who has hitherto exulted in the distinction that they had nobody else to thank for their coru; but now the Smiths may rival these deniy.,ns of the forest in the fact that they have noboe. else to thank for their rice. But in the mnedi:eval birthday of names, when occupation fixed the cog nomnen Smith, Smyth, Goldsmith and Smithers, species of the same genus, upon so many hardy Anglo- Saxons, fastening everlasting appellations upon the sons of men. The Browns belonged originally, perhaps, to that honorable class of men which cultivated the earth, or at least their ancestors must have spent much"time out doors, and thus tanned and browned perhaps by the sun's rays, they won their laudable titles. The Blacks were more tanned i and hence thei' name; but many of the descendants of the Browns and Blacks would swap appellation with the Whites, and L .ny of us would loose our cognomenic distinctions if another naming day were to roll around. So the Browns and Blacks belong really to the genus Smiths, for they were Smitcr. too, though they smote the earth "fore and aft," and were we 1 to institute a comparison between them we would follow the model of that dis tinguished Smith, who taught more I children the principles of the English I language than any other man dead or I alive, and who even rivalled Cupid I himself in teaching the youthful pupils t that they "might, could, would, or 1 should love"-we would follow his model and say-positice, Smith, con- t parativc, Brown, superlative, Black. But while the world owes a debt of gratitude to that enterprising Smith t who introduced the culture of rice into j South Carolina, it should never forget < another South Carolinian, Alexander < Black, who did more for the "old Pal metto State" than any other man liv- i ing or dead. Our fathers had rather a t slow way of getting from place to place. Judge O'Neall in his "Annals of New berry," tells us that as late as 1813, the c Hon. Ker Boyce, then keeping a store in the little village of Newberry (S. C.) "began to trade overland whith Phila delphia. Cotton was hauled from New- I berry to Philadelphia, and goods c brought back by wagons. He and Thomas Pratt", a fellow townsman, t "annually mounted their horses and t rode to Philadelphia, purchased their goods, and thus '?.d the foundation of ( their respective fortunes." Again, there is a .manuscript in the hand- e writing of General Thomas Pi;.ckney, still extant, which tells us that "On the i 15th May, 1815," the General, "with two ladies of his family, set out from c their plantation on the Santee, in their t own carriage, and traveled to Boston. c They reached Philadelphia on the 15th c June, havikg traveled 692 miles in 31 days, including stoppages, to that point. t The traveling expenses, including two s weeks stay in Philadelphia, amounted t to $420. C Alexander Black to the rescue. In 1827 he secured a charter for the first a railroad ever built in America. Chiefly 1: through his instrumentality that e road was completed from Line street a near Charleston (S. C.) to Hamburg : (S. C.) in October, 1833; and during e that month the crude little engine- i: apparently prophetically named "Best : Friend,"-made its first trip.at that time a over the longest continuous line of rail r road in the 'world. The first United a States mail ever transported by steam a was hauled over a part of that road in February, 1832. 1 The road was built by driving p.les b every six feet a part, in parallel lines. r The heads of the piles were left about, y ighteen inches above the ground and a were, bound together by transversep sleepers; hence the term crosstie, which a still adheres to the transverse piece of r< imber underlying the rails, though 1: the piles which they tied across are no longer used. d Many English names have the suffix 1: er and stcr, these are the respective rj endings of masculine and feminine a nouns in the Saxon language. Thus 'j some Nimrod, who in medimeval times a roamed over England's majestic forests e of oak, clad in his jacket of Lincoln r green, that he might the better conceal si imself alike from his foes and the o ame lie sought, being in strictest har- v muony with the panoply of green about a him, with his quiver of steel-tipped ti arrows, silver hunting horn, and well gi bent bow of flexible Spanish yew, who si like Locksley of Ivanhoe fame, could b notch the shaft of a Hubert, or cleave d in twain the swaying willow rod, or b transfix the advance gruard of a flock d of wild geese winging their way to the y solitary fens of Nolderness; such a woodsman worthy won the title of Hunter.A The baker, more fortunate than Pha roah's, which probably lost his head on account of bad cooking, one who ex- . :elled in the culinary, at least to that a degree necessary to the establishment of his profession, fixed that title as a a surname upon the long line of his num rous progeny. Thus the world is in debted for its Joiners, Carpenters, Sawyers, Farmers and Saddlers. The medieval bas ber was an impor- a taut adjunct to his community. He TI not only did the hair dressIug for the ' people of his neighborhood, but also the tooth-pulling and blood-lettiaig, hence their red and white stripedl sign posts. They have lived to see their ancient profession divided into three distinct ' brances-twoof them dentistry and ~ surgery-honorable, the other menial, leaving to the descendants of the first y barbers only the name. While the porter made a name for a is offspring either by guarding gates I r carrying burdens, the potter at his t wheel made a name for his progeny by r is dexterity in handling the pliable t lay. To the perfidy of these ancient raftsmen we are indebted for one of ~ ur most expressive words. There ~ were Roman potters as well as Roman rators, poets and philosophers. Roman ~ potters, it seems, were as shrewd as our C do"n-astecrs. When they discovered. a crack in their wares, they filled it up nicely with a kind of prepared wax, and thus concealing the flaw, they put sold them as sound vessels. Romat pottery merchants thus imposed upon were taught to look, when they mad( their purchase for the wax that con yealed the flaws of imperfect workman 3hip, hence when they discovered t perfectly sound vessel they said it wa< une cera, without wax-hence we havt he word sincere, signifying primaril3 without flaws. The Woodward was the keeper o1 warden of the forest, while Woodruf was the master of the wood. The name Shepherd scarcely need. mxplanation, and is closely allied tc steward. They both belonged to tha1 ,lass of laborers which looked after the tock of the old Saxon and Norman andlords. Steward was originally written Sti-weard, and meant "warder )f the sties, or cattle pens." The re igious denomination which I have the ionor to represent has well nigh mo iopolized the word. Ste cards are nc onger keepers of the stock pans, though hey may think that they have some iard stock to deal with when the time omes to collect quarterage, but are now he financial board of a great church. [hey ought, therefore, as a body not nly to "be men of solid piety," but hey ought to demonstrate their "sound udgmeht" by abounding in the graces >f liberality and thanksgiving, for the ;hurch has rescued them from a very nenial office. But that name in ts ancient as well as modern significa ion carries with it the idea of very reat responsibility. The old Saxon )ti-weard was responsible for the stock :ommitted to his keeping. And so 3od has honored this name above all >thers, and, in one sense, he has made t of universal application, so that all nen are stewards of the talents he has ommitted to their keeping. But it ought to be a source of pride o every Englishman and American hat so many people bear names which are derived from the professional trades. )ne of the most interesting features of iame study is the fact that a large per. entage of our ancestors made their ames by diligence and perseverance u some honorable vocation. Even the vild sa age recognizes those traits of haracter and attainments which dis inguish the possessor from the less ac omplished; and he is wont to confer ,n the brave, the cunning and the vise such titles as are expressive o heir attainments. We have many triking illustrations of this truth in he history of the Indian tribes that nce inhabited our beautiful Southland. So the plucky -Saxon dame, . who ared at that early period of English istory when surnames were made, to nter the arena of professional trades nd compete for custom, placed her read tables by the thoroughfares and xhibited the fruit of the oven-tempt rg barley loaves, kneaded by her and and baked under her supervision, nd thus won not only a living but a ame for all of her offspring-bakester, female baker, hence we have the ame Baxter. The great Webster, whose eloquence, )gic and astute statesmanship won im a name second to none in the an als of America; the learned WVelster rhose lexicographic labors yet abides s the standard of English-speaking cople, and the lesser Websters whose ames have not been placed upon the 11l of honor and of fame, may all trace beir origin to some gentle and humble axon dame who plied the shuttle, ay by day, thus winning an honest ving and a surname for her progeny. 'he thump of the loom was their piano nd the hum of the distaff their organ. 'heir vocation ranked among the finer rts of that day and had been consid red an accomplishment second to one from time immemorial. The 3ience of music was left in the hands f strolling harpers and clowns and the rebsters were useful as well as orna 2ental; and while it may be said of ese two accomplishments that the rt has verily become the last, we bould never forget that poets, as far ack as history leads tis, bave sung of istafTs and looms as the choicest sym ols of princely women. Thus Homer escribes the present of Alcandra to felen Alcandra, consort of high command, olden distafrgave to R elen's hand; nd that rich vase, with living sculpture wrought, hich, heaped with wool, the beautiouzs Philo~ brough t he silken fleece, impurpled for the loom, .ecalled the hyacinth in vernal bloom.' So also Theocritus' when he gives a present to his friend's bride, couples with verse: D distair! friend to warp and woof, inerva's gift in man's behoof, h'j.. carefui housewives stiii retain, .nd gather to their household gaini, hee, ivory distafr, I provide, present for his blooming bride, ith her thou wiit sweet toil partake. nd aid her various vesters to make." And even Augustus himself, at the eight of human splendor, wore a robe rhich was made for him by Livia, his ,ife. There wvas an old practice in the ears agone, that a woman should ever be married until she had herself pun a set of body, table, and bed linen. t is not difficult to see how easily the rm became applicable to all unmar led women, and finally became a law rm and became ad as spinster. The WNebsters, therefore, like the miths, may claim an ancient and onorable lineage, and though the I arpers sang in palaces and before ings, the Websters really have higher laims to aristocratic origin. [coNCLXDED NEXT WEEC.J A gray beard on a man under 50 nakes him look older than he is. The est dye to color brown or black i5 2ucknalnms Tye for the Whiskers. SOUNDING THE ALARM. The State Alliances Receive Orders froinm their National Head. [From the National Economist.1 To the Brotherhood of the National Farmers Alliance and Industrial Un ion: It is now apparent that the ene nies of reform throughout the country are marshalling their forces for a vigor ous and determined effort to weaken and destroy the Alliance. Its future progress will be stubbornly contested and resisted, but we will assuredly and gloriously triumph, if we be cautious, prudent, faithful and firm. The out look for the success of the great reforms we advocate, was never so hopeful and encouraging as now. The Order throughout the whole country is daily adding to its numbers, and it is in fine: spirit and is more thoroughly united than ever before. But the peculiar conditions confronting us demand the utmost caution, lest we commit errors. which might prove fatal to our cause. The action of our State Alliance and of the Supreme Council, in their forth.. coming annual meetings, will be uni versally regarded with earnest interest. and the character of that action depends largely on the wisdom of the subordi nate bodies. The sub-alliances are to select mem bers as delegates to the county alli ances, which are to choose delegates to the State Alliance, which in turn is to select delegates to the Su preme Coun cil. In view of the great and important work to be done during the next Alli once year, and which must necessarily be largely directed by the State bodies and the Supreme Council, the brother hood is earnestly admonished to exer cise great care in selecting the men to whom must be entrusted the responsi bility of guiding our course as an Or der. Let those who are to legislate for us, in the State Alliances and in the Su preme Council, be not only our ablest and wisest men, but let their loyalty to our cause be without taint or tar nish. Put none but true and faithful Alli ancemen on guard in this hour of our great need, and all will be well. L. L. POLK, Pres. N. F. A. and I. U. Washington, D. C., July 3, 1S91. READS LIKE A WESTERN YARN. t Story of a New York Syndicate to Back t Georgia Alliance Stores. ATLANTA, GA., July 9.-Great changes are, it is reported, to be made in the management of the Alliance Ex change of Georgia. The scope of the Central Exchange at Atlanta is to be 1 greatly enlarged. Co-operative Alli ance stores are to be established in 1 -very county in the State. The whole machinery, so it is alleged, is to be supplied by a New York syndicate. This New York syndicate is said to be backed by $100,000,000. Its charter is not yet perfected nor its name given to the public. It is to supply all the Alliance stores and exchanges unless some other big concern starts up that can undersell it. It claims to be able to secure superior rates of transporta tion. It is to have a sort of branch house in Chicago, which is to ship bacon, corn, etc., to the farmers of the South. J. H. Wardell, a leading Alliance t man of South Dakota, and former can didate for the Senate, is one of the leaders in originating the enterprise. Oswald Wilson, wvho is partially manip ulating the Florida Alliance Exchange from New York, is prominent in its 1 organization. President L. F. Living ston, of the Georgia.Alliance, has proved a valable accessory in shaping its coursc. Col. W. L. Peck, president of the Georgia State Exchange, has been to New York to look into the the plan. The district lecturers of the Alliance held a meeting a day or two - ago and consulted about the best man nier of presenting the matter to the people. - A Slate Found at Newberry. Although July, 1891, is rather early for the preparation of one of these frag ile compositions,.known in politics as a I slate, yet, nevertheless, The Newberry Herald and News declares that there is one already prepared for 1892. * * +: * * * * ' From Governor down that slate stands no more chance for endorsement than "a cat in Hades without claws." Talbert is given the position that, in our opinion, President Stokes will occu py when the test comes, while W. J. Talbert will be put in the field against "Uncle George" Tillman for Congress.( We know but little about the standing, in the Alliance, of the other gentlemen on that slate, but we have an idea that, if the whole matter was finely sifted, it wvould be found that orders or in structions have already been received from Alliance headquarters at 'Wash ington, to put no one on the State or Congressional ticket but supporters of the sub-treasury scheme. The honest farmers of the country are led to believe that sufficient safe guards are placed in and around the Alliance organization to save the noble order from falling into the hands of scheming politicians; but so long as its head officials and their headquarters are located at Washington, the ac anowledged fountain head of political barter, scheming and plotting, there is reason to suspect that the fountain of the order may become impure from constant contact with the most corrupt elements of all political parties of the country, and all measures emanating from that source should lbe well dis sected and intelligently examined be fore they are swallowed "by orders fronm headquarters." And the suspicion of political schem ing should gain strength when orders from "headquarters" are passed along the line that adverse criticism of lead ing men of the order and the measures tV ny formulate and recommend, is op position to the Alliance and must be checked as traitors, in the Alliance, and if indulged in by outsiders, must be "put down" by the tyrant, "Boy cott." No man of ordinary intelligence and with the best interests of the country at heart can olpose the Alliance, its aims and objects, as originally promul gated. but all free men should be al lowed the privilege of honestly and farycriticising any new measure or rncip, that men, high or low in the Ore,may try to inject into it. ThatC is the only way to keep the order pure, and save it fronm designing men who would use and ruin it for their per sonal and political advancement The evils resuting from habitual cos tiveness are many and serious ; but the use of harsh, drastic purgatives is quite as dangerous. In Ayer's Pills, however, the patient has a mild, but. effective aein,superior to alli ors, eseciallyfo family ue THE WAR ON THE RAILROADS. Indications of a Compromise in the Mat ter-South Carolina Railway and the Cheraw and Salisbury Railroad Considered Test Cases. [Special to News and Courier.] COLUMBIA, July 15.-If the public desire one thing more than another just now it is is to know the result of what has been called the war on the railroads. The State railroad board of equalization, it is learned, has come to a conclusion as to two of the cases which may well be considered test cases. To know these is practically to know all. There are a good many other ways of obtaining valuable information than pestering the board with inquiries, as it will not probably make its action known to the public for three or four days, maybe a week. It has been as certained that the board holds that the raised assessment, as intimated by one of its members, was not an actual as sessment, but an indication to the railr road authorities of what the board consider a true valuation, subject to revision after argument and the fur nishing of facts to the contrary bythe representatives of the railroads. It is learned also that the Attorney Genergl who is now at Chick Springs, holds the legal opinion that the State Railroad board is not debarred on the constitutional grounds made by Ex Governor Chamberlain from taking action in the premises. The board, it is further stated, does not look to the raised assessment as the basis of its final action, but the returns of last year, and takes up the consideration of in crease in values since then to aid in the final result. As a result of this manner of proce dure a decision has been reached in the South' Carolina Railway case and in the Cheraw and Salisbury case. The return of the South Carolina Railway was for $13,000 per mile, and the board suggested $20,000 per mile, subject to revision after argument and testimony. The board has fixed the rate for this road at $16,000 per mile. These figures are made regardless of the $20,000, but are held to be a raise of $3,000 over the assessment of last year. In the Cheraw and Salisbury case the figures are fixed at $8,000 per mile. In the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad case the clerk of the board has been instructed to notify President Childs that the board desi,res to hear him at as early a day as pos sible. It is stated that the return for this road is $2,000 per mile, and that is was returned last year at $2,500 per mile. Facts. [The Bookkeeper.l The poet Tennyson can take a worth less sheet of paper and by writing a poem on it make it worth $65,000. That's genius. Van derbilt can write a few words on a sheet of paper and make it worth $5,000,000. That's capital. The United States can take an ounce and a quarter of gold and stamp upon it an "eagle bird" and make it worth $20. That's money. The mechanic can take material worth $.5 and make it into a watch worth $100. That's skill. The merchant can take an article worth seventy-five cents and sell it for $1. That's business. A lady can purchase a very comfort able bonnet for $3.7.5, but she prefers one that costs $27. That's foolishness. The ditch digger works ten hoursa day and shovels three or four tons of earth for $2. That's labor. The editor of this paper could write a check for $80,000,000, but it would not be worth a nickel. That's rough. Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly for Au gust. Great interest is now taken in any thing pertaining to Alaska, anId those who cannot go and see what that part of our country is like for themselves will be glad to read of the experiences of two persons who have been there, as set forth in "A Trip to Alaska," by Dr. A. Victoria Scott and Emily J. Bryant, in Frank Leslie's Popular Jfonthly, for August. The article is profusely illus trated. Other highly interesting arti cles in this number of the Popular Monthly are: "Down the St. Lawrence on a Raft," by J. J. Bell; "Medireval Epidemics," by Joel Benton; "The Ol der Boston," telling of an ancient En glish town from which came the foun ders of our "Hub"; "A Malagassy Man," by Lieut. Shufeldt, U. S. N.; "Women as Inventors," by Frances Stevens; "A Black Giant," an interest ingly told story of how steam engines are run; and Nelly Hart Woodworth contributes another of her charming bird articles. There are six short sto ries, besides an exciting installment of the serial, "John Maggs, Barbarian," and several pretty poems. Bad Luck in St. Louis. [From the Fort Worth Gazectte.] Mr. Tilden wa nominated at St. Louis-and he wa~s counted out. Mr. Cievelaud was renominated at St. Louis-and he was defeated. St Louis is bad luck. On the Safe side. "Well, my little man,"said his grand father, "why didn't you go out with the sailing party yesterday?" "Because," answered the little fellow, "my mama went along, and I heard papa say to her that there was a spank in' breeze in the bay." THE SUB-TREASURY. 'Tr. J. B. O'Neall Holloway's Masterlj Dissection of the Humba:. [Special to the News and Courier.] ORANGEBLRG, July 7.-A large gath ering of people assembled on last Sat urday, July 4, at Brantley's Grove ight miles southeast of this place, t( ?elebrate the day and hear prominent speakers discuss live issues. The day was too warm to be pleasant, but Devertheless the gay picnickers al prodounced it an enjoyable occasion. Mr. J. B. O'Neall Holloway was the Dext speaker. He said that he had >een invited to be present and to speak, and that the choice of his subject by he terms of the invitation had been eft to him. This was a dangerout >ower to entrust to a man like him, on in occasion like this. He thereupon Dulled a copy of the sub-treasury bill rom his pocket, and taking up its rovisions, section by section, demon trated that it would be class legislation )f the rankest sort, and as a Democrat ie was opposed to it. He said that here were only about six hundred ounties in the United States that could inder the provisions of the bill be bene ited in any way, while the others vould have to pay for what they did iot get. He further pressed the idea hat the losses to the Government would probably be large, caused by the xtreme flunctuation in prices of pro lucts stored in ware houses and that hese losses would have to be paid by he taxpayers. He did not believe that orn, cotton and wheat was a safe basis or any currency, and most convincing y argued in support of the position bus taken. Mr. Holloway spoke up vards of half an hour, to the great de ight of the anti-sub-treasuryites, and t is to be hoped to the edification of hose who have hitherto approved this ricious specimen of political folly. Tailman and the Sub-Treasury. [National Ecoiomist.1 In a recent interview Congressman illman, of South Carolina, made use >f the following in regard to the sub reasury plan : "The merest nonsense," said he, "a lay-dream, with positively nothing in t; hatched out by a set of compara ivPly inexperienced men in a short ,,e, when it would have taken Con ,ress several months, using its best quipped brain, to have originated any neasure anything like that." It would be gratifying, indeed, to the )eople of this country 'o see some evi lence of the efforts in their behalf of he "best equipped brain of Congress." [his "best equipped brain," however, las been so entirely devoted to the wel are of Wall street and monopoly that he people have been entirely forgot en, hence this "merest nonsense" has >een proposed. Somehow or other this 'merest nonsense" is making such nen as Mr. Tillman quite uneasy. It s also very plain that this "nonsense" s spreadin rapidly. A Relic of Ancient Columbia. [Special to Sunday News.] COLUMBIA, July 11.-Col. Gibbes has ound another very interesting relic of he ancient Columbia. It is a copy of 'The South Carolina Gazette," No 28, late September 22, 1792, printed at jolumbia, by D. Constable. Among >ther interesting reminiscences it con ains the regulations for the elections o be held in the various countIes. gew berry is spelled New bury, and the aame Shackelford appears Shakle ord. A very humerous (at this time) set f instructions to postmasters for the Lelivery of "newspapers" is also given he point being whether the subscriber hall call at the postoffice and pay the 'postage" in advance or whether the star route fellows shall collect it on the ly through the country. There is noth g said about the best way of collect g the subecriptions to the "news papers," which is altogether a modern uestion. Governor Pinckney speaks with some pride in the South Garolina Gazette of undry "six pounders" on Arsenal 1il1, and issues some orders to the several brigadiers," whbich would para yze the soldiers of this day and genera ion. Dying of Love. [ Fort Worth Mail.] From the Spanish of Marie Doceo: subridme de flores. Cover Me over With showers Of flowers; Heap Them deep My quiveiing, Shivering, Body above, For I'm dying of love. Cover Me over With showers of flowers. Cast Them fast My yearning, Burning Body above; For that odor sweet It is naught, I weet. But tile breath of love! Cover Me over With lilies. And daftodilies, And roses And their fragrant sister poses. Rain Them amin M1y languishing, Anguishing Body above; Trhen, far from me flying, Leave me here lying, Leave me bere sighing, Leave me here crying, Leave me here dying Dying of love. SANDA ENos. Blood Will Tell. Of course it will--that is i f it is good, ieathy blood. It will glow in the heek, and tell the story of perfect >hysical health. If it does not, if the :omplexion is devoid of color, the uuseles weak and flaccid, sometbing s wrong, and somiething ought to be lone about it a- once, for in such cases elays are dangerous. For torpid liver, biliousness," and the thousand and ~e ills to which these conditions of he system lead, there is no remedy in .orld equal to Dr. Pierce's Golden Iedical Discovery. Boils, pimples, ~ruptions, scrofulous soree salt-rheum, ndal kntindred diees e eured by HERE IT IS AGAIN! The Cantwell Conundrum in a New Form. [Special to the News and Courier.] COLCMBIA, July 16.-After a very interesting slumber since the first Monday in July, the Cantwell case "has broke out" in a new spot. It happened in this way : Mr. Cantwell a day or two ago wrote the following letter to Mr. Ellerbe: Hon. W. E. Ellerbe, Comptroller General, Columbia, S. C.-Dear Sir : Enclosed please find warrant as pay for supervisor of registration for Char leston County. Please send me check for the same. Very respetully, W. P. CANTWELL, Supervisor Registration Charleston County. To this the following reply was sent : Mr. W. P. Cantwell, Charleston, S. C.-Dear Sir: Your salary as super visor of registration for Charleston County will be paid up to the 27th May, 1891. Warrant will be returned accordingly on receipt of warrant re ceipt as usually required. Yours, a:c., W. H. ELLERBE, C. G. It is evident that the department of the Comptroller General does not con sider Mr. Cantwell as supervisor since May 27. TRaVELS OF TWO SHINPLASTERS. War Times Recalled by the Arrival of a Letter Sixteen Years Overdue. [Memphis Appeal-Avalanche.] Some strange things happen in every day life, and now and then some_o them reach the eyes of the public. The adventures of a greenback 25-cent and 50-cent piece mailed by Mr. Lucius Kelly over sixteen years ago can legit imately be classed under the head of peculiar happenings. On May 23, 1875. Mr. lielly mailed a letter to Capt. Frank L. Stone, who I was then and is still master of a steam boat plying between Demopolis and Mobile. The letter was mailed from Rembert, Ala., -at that time the home of Mr. Kelly, and was forgotten. Since then Kelly has removed to Memphis, and now travels from this city repre senting a Louisville wholesale house. Yesterday he re.r,eived an envelope con taining the following correspondence: REMBERT HILL, Ala., May 23, 1875. Capt. F. L. Stone: Enclosed find 75c., for which please send one dozen Singer sewing machine needles. Please. bring them up the next trip of the boat. Leave them at Beaver Creek landing. Resetfully, L. MY.. OFFICE OF GEORGE SPAULDING, FOR WARDING MERCHANT, MOBILE, Ala., Feb. 21, 1883. Mr. L. Kelly: Strange things sometimes happens, and in this case you will agree with me. A letter from you to me, dated - May 23, 1875, has just come to hand. Where it has been the Lord only knows. It has enclosed seventy-five cents, which I return with letter just as it was received, which I hope will explain why the order-was not attended ' to eight years ago. Youray..sar FRANK L."STONE. It will be seen that eight years elapsed between the time the first let ter was written and the date of its an swer by Capt. Stone. Now comes a most peculiar coincidence. Eight more years elapsed between the date of Capt. K Stogie's answer and its receipt by Mr. Kelly, to whom it was forwarded by his brother-in-law from his oid home in Alabama. The two pieces ofgreen back were of the old and now almost - extinct issue of fractional currency. The 2.5-cent piece bore a '75 date, and the 50-cent piece was dated 1863. Mr. Kelly prizes the two relics very much on account of the history connected with them, and would not part with his "shinplasters" for a considerable premium over their face value. A REMARKABLE OCCURRENCE. A Congregationl Strip Itself of Its Jewels for the Sake of the Heathen. ROUND LAKE, N. Y., July 14.-An extraordinary scene occurred at the Christian alliance meeting here this ~ morning. Miss F. Louise Shepard, of 250 XVest Forty-fourth street, New York, a wealthy young lady, who joined the alliance six months ago, spoke from the platform and announced that she had given all her jewels to the Lord- and now proposed to give $250 to pay the expense of a missionary to the heathens. She asked if any one would help her along. A number of the congregation, men and women, ~ arose and donated their jewels, rings, watches, watch chains, ear-rings, etc., and mon. y to the same purpose, until the little altar looked like a jewel case. Miss Shepard was overcome by the scene and could n,t restrain her tears. Watermelons for Britons. CINcrNNA'rr, Ohio, July 13.--A large cnsignmtient of the finest Georgia watermelons was shipped fromi here to day for London, England. It is an experiment which if successful will I.e established regularly. Behind the Scenes. On the stage tIie tirse , t e g ~ ter, the powder and paint, show forth the most, but behind the scenes, and you will behold the truth. The chorus girls are not all "fancy paitts them," but rather what they paint themselves, just so with many of the flaming ad-N vertisements of s;o-called "catarrh cres." Get back of the scenes, and they are not cures. The real one, and the~only remedy that is a cure, is Dr.~ Sage's C'atarrh .Remedy. Lift the cur tain, and you will find the naked truth [to be, that this Remedy is the one that cures the worst cases of Catarrh in the Head, and no mistake. It is also a remedy in all catarrhal conditions,1 auch as Cat.arrhal Headache, Qatarrh nf the Throat, etc.