Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ESTABLISHED 1865. NEWBERRY S. C. THURSDAY, AE .50 THE OLD LAWYERS. They Were Advocates, not Attorneys--They Put Their Heart% Into Their Clients' Causes, Making Them -Their Own. [From the Atlanta Constitution.] It is a blessed privilege to a young man to be constantly associated with his seniors, especially if they be great men and good men. It is the most effectual and delightful education that he can get. Books are a good thing, but it is better to be in daily commun ion with men who have read and studied the books, and sifted from them all the good that is in them. I was ruminating about the notable men of the olden time-the men to whom I looked up to with love and admiration. They are all gone, but they left their impress upon the age in which they lived and upon me. The bad is mingled with the good in everything, and it was sad to me to see these great men pass away. One by one they fell before the scythe of thereaper, and Iam left alone. Some of my youthful companions are left me, but the men I reverenced are gone. How swiftly and surely they go. I was thinking about the great lawyers of the Western circuit. About Howell Cobb and his brother Tom, and the two Doughertys, and Hope Huil, and Junius Hilyer, and Basil H. Over by, and Judge Jackson, and Joseph Henry Lumpkin, and Judge Hutchins, and Cincinnatus Peeples. What a glorious galaxy of learned and brilliant men-honorable meu-men who fought a fair fight, and scorned the tricks of the lawyer's trade. I have often won dered at the measure of contempt they would have felt for a lawyer who would have stolen a paper, or bid a set of interrogatories, or bribed a witness or a juror, or -perjured himself to gain his case. The influence of a good man does not die with him-whether he be a lawyer or a doctor, or a preacher, or a merchant, or a farmer or a mechanic, it reaches and affects the rising genera tion, .and permeates through society, and leaves its impress upon the com munity in which he lives. Long time ago I heard a Rome merchant say "communities have character just like individuals. My most reliable trade is from the Alpine region in Cbattanooga County. It is honorable with that peo ple to pay their debts-to perform their promises. If their crop fails and they can't do it, they will settle fairly and pay the ne=t year, and I don't need any mortpge. Their word is their t Yb6id. But here is another county not far away where it Is considered smart to trick a merchant out of his money. They hide behind trusts and home steads and force you to sue and their lawyers are as mean and tricky as they are, and it has got to be so that even a good, honest man from that county can hardly get credit in Rome." Now all this comes from contamina tion. It isjust like any other immoral influence. I know men who moved away from a town because the leading citizens were immoral. They were not true to their marriage vows, and the men were afraid to raise their children there. If acitizen's immoral influence was confined to his immediate family it would not matter so much, but it does not stop there. Bad conduct, bad habits, bad principles are catching, just like contagious diseases. The tricks of one tradesman will be made an excuse for his nabor to use the same methods. The villainy of one artful lawyer will provoke another to meet trick with trick to gain his case. The responsibility of the lawyers to the community is very great-greater even than that of the preachers, for there are more of them. I have not been in the Western circuit since the war, but the presiding judge told me not long ago that, although the bar was not as gifted and brainy as that of half a century ago yet it had well maintained its high professional honor and integrity. It does not take the brain work now to practice law that it did half a century ago, when the supreme court was in its infancy and there were no seventy volumes of precedents established. It - took more brain work to establish them than it does now t.o keep up with them. I recall with never-failing pleasure the great arguments of those great men. How were we charmed with their learning, their pathos, their humor, and could hardly blame a jury for giving their verdict in favor of the last great speech that was made. Hope Hull was the greatest lawyer. The Doughertys were great every way, butt as an advocate in a case where there( was a wife or a widow or some orphan ( children, I don't think that Basil H. I Overby had an equal. I recall the sweet( melody of his voice as he drew nearer t and nearer to the jury, and with teary I eyes and quivering lips he almost 2 whispered his tender pleadings in their ears. There is one great advocate still left ~~e region-AugustusI R. Wright is very se like Overby in his peculiar gifts. To~ional to ever be a great lawyer, he wa reby < the greater advocate. Not long ago I 1 looked at him and pondered. There he sat in the courtroom, his battle ground for forty years-the field of his many victories-victories of mind over human passions-his eyes still pleasing and penetrating in~ their glance, his clear cut features, his abundant hair falling gracefully and half concealing an in tellectual brow, his heavy overhanging eyebrows and patriarebal beard andi I wondered how much of life he had lived, how much more than most of us,1 even if he had died twenty years ago. He too, wanted the right side of a pathetic em". If it was thie wrong side from a legal standpoint he did not care. his victory wasgreater if the court and the law were against him. He was a giant before a jury and moulded theni to his will. He sued the Rome railroad for $20,000 damages for injuries done Colonel James Waddell. There was no light at the depot when the train arrived one dark night, and the colonel stepped off the platform and injured his spine by the fall. He lingered for some weeks, and got well enough to go about with crutches, and offered to settle with the road for $75, the amount of his doctor's bill. The road declined to pay it, and Judge Wright was em ployed. Colonel Waddell got worse. His spinal troubles seemed to affect his mind, and the judge raised his demand from $20,000 to $40,000, and everybody smiled. The railroad had John P. King, of Augusta, a great lawyer, and many other lawyers for the defense, but Judge Wright had the conclusion, and I can never forget his picture of a live man dead-of the wreck of a life-of the swift and pitiful descent of a great mind from all its brilliant prospects down to the gloom of despair and semi idiocy. De Quincy never wrote like he spoke. He, too, got down to the very whispering of eloquence and everybody was in tears. It was dangerous for even the opposing counsel to listen to him. I knew well that Jim Waddell was in no such extreme condition, for I was his companion and friend, and yet I was completely overcome and wept like a child. The jury found for the plaintiff $35,000, and they did it quickly and the judge was so ashamed of the verdict that he settled it that night for half the amount. Ben Hill was a great lawyer and a greater advocate. An old man had died in our county:leaving a considerable estate, but it was embarrassed by mortg mges, and if these were paid his widow would be peuniless. She had been raised in affluence and was a refined, :ultured woman, but her second hus rand proved to be a miserly, selfish ruan, and he put her in a log cabin laubed with mud and kept her there, aotwithstanding a good portion of the property came by her. When she Lpplied for a year's support five good nen gave her $10,000. Dr. Miller was ne of those men. They desired to make ;mends to the old lady for her long ;uffering, and yet the law said they ;hould take into consideration her ac ,ustomed manner of life and the condi ;ion of the estate as to its indebtedness. Ben Hill represented a creditor with a nortgage of $8,000. If the award to he widow wasto stand his client would et nothing, and so be came to 'ome mnd made a vigorous' assault upon it. Tbe law was clearly with him, and so was the court. For many years the widow had lived on less than $100. I aever saw a lawyer more confident of ais case than was Ben Hill. He was willing to allow the widow $3,000 but no more. Judge Wright was her counsel. Ele half closed his eyes and seemed salm and serene while Hill was reading the law and laying his firm founda bions. It was agreed between them abat the;jury should fix the amount and their verdict should be final. Judge Wright had another life wreck to pic bare and this time a woman. Such an appeal was never heard in that court room and although there were only $10,000in the ad ministrator's hands that jury increased the award to $12,500, and Ben Hill went home a sadder and m wiser muan. I recall many cases of this kind and have almost trembled to thin k what Judge Wright could do with the populace in revolutionary times. But >ld father time has mellowed him lown. With his four score years nearly recomplished he has ceased to court he brainy struggles of the forum. He oves his home and his personal com ort more thau ever. He enjoys the >ompanionship of his family and his riends, but he is alone in his glory. All 11s professional cotemporaries are ~athered to .heir fathers. How sad it s to us all to know that ours must go. )ne by one they fall like leaves in vintry weather. Two of mine have gone recently-two of my classmates, Lnd but six are left; six out of forty, and ret I am not old. No, I do not feel old, )ut they say that I am; and they call ne the "old man." Kind readers, do lot pity me. It is all right, and I am |ontent. BILL ARP. His First Pardon. [Charleston World.] CoLtnMeA, February 25.-Governor liilman exercised his power of execu ive clemency to-day for the first time. )n the recommendation of the board f penitentiary directors, he has comn nuted to date the life sentence of Ellis soleman, of Edgefield. Coleman was ried before Judge A. P. Aldrich in ST for burglary and larceny. The law .t that time prescribed life imprison nent for that offense. The penalty vas subsequently changed to imprison nent for a shorter period. AvomD APPE.ARANCES.-A Worthy entleman, having an unusually red ose, was long suspected of being a tip ~ler on the sly, by those not well ac uninted with his strictly temperate Labits. His unfortunate disfigurement as readily cured by the use of Ayer's arsaparilla. - Capt. J. D. Johnston. 2To all Whom it may concern: I take neat pleasure in teftifying to the effica ious qlualities of the popular remedy on eruptions of the skin, known as P. . P. 1 suffered for several years with n unsightly and disagreeable eruption un my face and tried various remedies o remove it, none of which accomp ished the object until this valuable >reparat ion was resorted to. After aking three bottles in accordance with irections I am now entirely cured. J. D). JOHNSTON, Of the firm of Johnston & Doudloss, TO GOVERN THE PHOSPHATE MINES. The Circular, Rules and Regulations Adop ed Yesterday-An Important Meeting of the Phosphate Commission-The Im portant Regulations SystematLed. [The State, February 25.] The opening of the navigable streams of the State for phosphate mining takes place under very stringent rules and regulations governing the operation of the mines. The State board of Phos phate Commissioners, after holding a conference at the Governor's mansion Tuesday night, met in the Governoi's office yesterday and took definite tion on matters which are of vital in terest to the whole State. All the members of the Board were present except Mr. Walters, of Charleston. The board held a long session until after 3 o'clock. In the afternoon, a second session was held and the pro ceedings are covered by the follow'ug papers given to the press: THE C.BCULAR LETTER. Here is an exact copy of the circular letter issued by the board: BOAnD PHOS.HAIE COMISS ONERS, STA'E OF SOrUCH CAnOLI.NA, COLUMBTA, Feb. 24, 1891. By instructions of the Board of Phos phate Commissioners, I beg leave to call the attention of all persons inter. ested to the following: 1- That any or all exclusive rights to mine phosphate rock from the beds of navigable streams of this State and in the marshes thereof shall and will cease after first day of March, 1891. 2. By the 70th Section of General Statutes of this State, "The said license shall be for a term of one year, remand able at the pleasure of the Board of Phosphate Commissioners." The Board of Phosphate Commis sioners will meet in Beaufort, S. C., on the second day of March, A. D. 1891, for the purpose of considering applica tions for license to mine phosphates from the beds of the navigable streams of the State and the marshes thereof. If any one desires to mine the same, the application must be submitted to the said board. 3. All applications must state the name and address of the applicant, the territory for which he desires the li cense the character of the plant to be used in mining, viz: steam dredges or hand appliances,-such as tongs, etc. The applicant must present the bond required by Section 68 of the General Statutes of this State, viz: "As a con dition attendant to sthe right to dig, mine and remove the said rock and deposits hereby granted, each person or company shall enter into bond, with security in the penal sum of $5,000, con ditioned for the making of true and faithful returns to the Comptroller Gen eral of the number of tons of phosphate rock and phosphatic deposits so dug and mined at the en d of every month, and the punctual payment to the State Treasurer of the royalty hereinbefore provided at the end of every quarter or three months as aforesaid, which bond and sureties therein shall be subject to the approval now required for the bonds of the State officers." After the second day of March, 1891, applications for license will be considered at Colum bia. S. C. 4. That as a condition precedent to the granting of such license to mine in the Coosaw River territory and to re move phosphate rocks and phosphatic deposits therefrom, the Board of Phos phate Commissioners will require every applIcant for rock license to include in the bond execu ted by him as herein before recited, an agreement that he will so dig and mine under this license as aforesaid as the agent of the State of South Carolona, and that each ton of phosphate-rock or phosphatic deposit, the product of such mining operations, shall be deemed the property of the State until the party who shall receive a license shall have paid thereon a roy alty to be fixed by said Commission, at not exceeding $2 per ton on each ton of phosphate rock or phosphatic deposit dug, mined and removed, provided six mouths notice shall be given before raising royalty above one dollar. 5. Enclosed please find bond in prop er form, which must be erecuted by the applicant and at least two sureties, who must each take the oath printed on the bond, before some officer author iz.ed to administer oaths. 6. The bond must in all cases accom r'any the Bpplication or the latter will not be considered. 7. All applications and bonds must be filed with Attorney General Y. J. Pope or the Secretary of the Board. 8. It shall be as a condition prece dent to the granting of a license to dig, mine or remove phosphate rock or phosphatic deposits, that any person, corporator, company or firm applying for such license shall subscribe to the rules and regulations adopted by this board on the 24th day of February, A. D. 1891, and shall bind himself or themselves faithfully to observe, obey and comply with the same, and sub-1 mit to the penalty and forfeitures there in prescribed, whenever the same or any of them be by him or by them vio lated. Done by order of the Board. B. R. TLLLMAN, Chairman of the Board. THE INSPECTOR'S RECOMMENDATIoNS. 1 Below are given brief extracts from< the letter of Inspector Jones to the Governor, presenting the rules and< regulations: It was referred to me to draft a set of 1 rules and regulations to enable the t Phosphate Inspector to discharge the duties devolving upon him in the in spection of the phosphate_ and to report the accompanying fiftee i' and regulations, and respectfully mit them to the consideration of your board for their adoption, modification or rejection. I have endeavored to embrace within the scope of the proposed rules and reg ulations all that appears to me to be necessary to enable the Phosphate Io spector to discharge his duties effi ciently. I take the liberty of submitting to the consideration of the board the fol lowing matters arisingoutof my exam ination of the Statutes that refer to the phosphate royalty. He continues as follows, in brief : First. With the single exception of the power to suspend the phosphate license in a given case. The Statutes as such do not empower the board to en force these rules and regulations by any fines or penalties. Second. This recommends that the rules be made a part of the license con tract on a condition of the granting of the license. It would bind the licenses as if they were acting under a system of statutory fines and penalties. Third. The number of Statutes refer ring to phosphate royalty which have been enacted since 1870 is large, ap pearing under different titles in difTer ent volumes, and all of them, with the exception of the Act of 1890, have been more or less modified and parts re pealed. It is recommended that a bill be prepared for passage at the next session, repealing all preceding Phos phate Statutes, and combining the law necessary, conferring upon the Phos phate Commission the power to estab lish rules which can be enforced by fines and forfeitures. Fourth. He called attention to rule five of the proposed rules. The blank bond appended to this report limits the penal sum to $5,000, and makes the first quarter commence on the 1st of January. He referred to the lack of any reference to this in the General Statutes. He recommends the mini mum penal sum be $5,000 and the max imum $50,000. THE RULES AND EEGULATIONS. Below is given brief synopses of the ifteen rules and regulations submitted by Phosphate Inspector Jones. They shall be observed and complied with by the board to mine phosphates. 'hey are to take effect from and after the second of March, 1891: Rule 1 forbids all persons, corpora bions and companies or firms holding licenses to mine rocks in the navigable streams and marshes of the State to >ublet said licenses, under the penalty Df suspensions of the llceltses. Rule 2 refuses licenses to persons or -ompanies now engaged in mining or intending to engage j'e mining of land rock. Rule 3 requires the companies apply ing for licenses to designatethe streams, or portion the-eof, in which they pro pose to mine, and forbids their chang ing their location without a permit from the Board of Inspectors. Rule 4 forbids the companies hold ing licenses, to traffic or barter in phos phate rock other than that mined by themselves,while hol.ding such licenses, under forfeiture of two dollars per ton for all rock bought and sold and bar tered in violation of this rule, without the permission of the Phosphate In spector. Rule 5. The phosphate royalty re quired shall be paid every quarter, dat ing from the first day of January, 1.891; provided, that when the royalty un paid shall amount to four-fifths of the sum secured by bond, it must be paid at once. The penalty will be the sus pension of the business. Rule 6. Each fiat engaged in run ning or conveying phosphate rock shall be conspicuously marked and num bered. This also applies to dredges and lighters. The penalty for violation shall be as follows: Each dredge, $100; each lighter, $50; each fiat, $20. Rule 7. Each captain of a dredge, lighter or flat must be furnished with a certificate of employment, giving details concerning the company. This certificate must bear the countersigned signature of the phosphate inspector. Rule 8. All companies must make monthly reports of the number of dredges, etc., used by them in running,, giving the captains, etc. These reports must be submitted the first week of each month. Rule 9. The captain of these dredges must furnish the Inspector any infor mation when he asks it. Rule 10. Companies are forbidden to uise other dredges, etc., than their own, arnder penalties as follows: Dredges 2100, lighters $50, flats $20. Rule 1(. Companies cannot mine within 100 yards of where anotber is mining. The Inspector can decide all hese disputes, though an appeal may :e taken to the commission in five days. L'wo dollars per ton is the penalty for violation of this rule. Rule 12. All companies must employ weigher to weigh the rock before it is ient to the market. This weigher shall snter up in a book all weights, the ooks being open at all times to the In pector. All returns of rock shipped nust be accompanied by his sworn cer ificate. The penalty for violation of his rule is suspension of license. Rule 13. Companies can not load ves-| els for foreign or coastwise shipment, intil they have informed the Inspec or of the arrival of the vessel and re eived a permit. The penalty is a for eiture of the license and the payment >f a fine of $2 per ton. Rule 14. Companies cannot ship rock >y land or water without the Inspec or's permit, under the same forfeiture s above. Rule 15 requires these rules to be sept in a conspicuous place, and copies pust be kept by captains of vessels. It shall be a condition n,-ecedent to the granting of a license to dig, mine or remove phosphate rock or phosphat ic deposits, that the companies apply ing for such license shall subscribe to theioregoing rules and regulations,and shall bind themselves faithfully to ob serve every rule and comply with the same,and submit to the penalties there ,n prescribed, whenever the same or any of them shall by him or them be violated. By order of the Board of Phosphate Commission. B. R. T' LLMA N, Governor and Chairman of the Phos phate Commission. THE COMrJANY REPi ESENTATiVES. A large number of the representa tives of the most influential companies in the State appeared before the board. Mr. Wilson, representing the Sea Is land Chemical Company, appeared on behalf of these representatives and was heard by the board on various matters. He thanked the board for its kind at tention in permitting the representa tives to make suggestions. Governor Tillman, in reply, expressed his pleas ure at meeting them. SENATOR MORGAN'S TONGUE. How it was Counted Upon to Save the Country If Need be. [Chicago Tribune.] The Republicans in the Senate have one consolation in the defeat of the election bill, and that is in knowing what they have escaped at the hands of the Democrats. Senator Morgan is one of the most tireless and endless talkers ever known in public life. He can talk upon any subject. He never hesitates for a word, and apparently never sees the end of his discourse. He talks with an easy flow and a mono tony of accent which would drive any one to sleep if obliged to listen. He never has the slightest vivacity of manner, nor does he even express any feeling. He is a man of wide accom plishments and great reading. His mind is a store-house of vast learning. His speeches all read well. His Eng lish is clean, and the facts which he gives in support of his arguments trust worthy. Yet there is no- one in the Senate who has been able to follow Mr. Morgan and listen to one of his speeches from beginning to end without display ing a most heroic will and iron resolu tion. He is nearly always in his seat in the Senate. He watches the debates closely. He takes notes of nearly every speech "deliver'ed on the Republican side. He rises readily to every point of controversy and drones interminably his carefully delivered replies. He never has shown any signs of fatigue even during the all night sessions. Whenever he rises to speak the Repub licans fly to the cloak-rooms. Some of his fellow Democrats who respect and ad mire his abilities remain to keep him company, and they are relieved by other Democrats from time to time. No one has ever dreamed of trying to shut off' Mr. Morgan. It is a question whether any cloture resolution could be devised which could dam up the re sistless flow of his oratory. It now ap pears that the Democrats have been holding Mr. Morgan in reserve. He was not very prominent in the election bill debate. I do not think that he could have spoken more than a week during this discussion. This unusual moderation on his part has awakened suspicion. Suspicion has stiriulated investigation, and investigation has developed the Democratic plot. In a word, it was this: If the Republicans had carried through their project of seeking to sit out the election bill then the Democrats would all, after having made a final brief protest, left the whole affair in the hands of Senator Morgan. He would then have begun a speech which would have continued without break until the 4th of March. All of his Democratic associates say that Mr. Morgan would have been more than equal to the occasion. At any rate, they were perfectly willing to leave him in the breach to maintain the integrity of the perfect freedom of the senatorial debates anid to oppose alone with his iron jaw the so-called revolutionary proceedings of the Repub licans. Beautifying the Grounds. [News and Courier.] Talking about pure msthetics, there is a great deal of excellent work being done in the garden of the capitol. The striped convicts are there at work and are putting the grass plots, lawns and flower beds in splendid trim. Secretary of State Tindal is keeping up the good record made by Ex-Seretary J. Q. Mar shall. The present work is provided for by Secretary Tindal, and is being supervised by Mrs. and Miss Tindal. A fine border of euonymus has been planted along the north side of the gardens, and the beds near the State House are being planted in pansies, verbena, daisies, etc. At the grounds of the Executive Mansion Mrs. Tillman is aiso making general improvements. The flower garden is being rearranged, new plants, etc., have been ordered and the lawn is to .be laid off and put in shape for spring season. No Particulars for Mrs. Jones. [From the Rusk County News.] Sam Jones, after his little episode at Palestine, sent the following dispatch to his wife: "DEA R WIFE: I licked the Mavor of Palestine this miorning; will preach in Taylor to-night. "SA M P. JONEs." A fact that all men with gray and many shaded whiskers should know, that Buckingham's Dye always colors an even brown or black at will. THE THREE C'S RECEIVERSHIP. Three Candidates for the Position-Cham berlain Likely to be Appointed. [Special to the Register.] HA Ar.ESTO , Feb. 24.-Judge Bond in the United States Court to-day heard argument on the motion for the ap pointment of a permanen. receiver of the Charleston, Cincinnati and Chicago Pailroad under the suit brought by the Finance Company of Pennsylvania. Three candidates for the receivership were presented by the various 'parties interested. Samuel Lord, the tempo rary receiver, D. H. Chamberlain, the receiver of the South Carolina Railway, and C. H. Dickinson of New York. No appointment has yet been made. The general opinion here is that Chamber lain will get the appointment, as it is said that his application is endorsed by a majority of the parties in interest. The report of Receiver Lord, who has had charge of the road f-om De cember 11, 1890, to the present time, shows the following figures: Receipts, $51,677; disbursements, $46,636; cash on hand, $5,991. The gross earnings dur iog that Oime were $23,000, and the op erating expenses $25,000; deficit $2,000. Newman Erb of Boston, represent ing about $3,000,000 of the first mort gage bonds, asks for Chamberlain's ap pointment as receiver. J. V. Nathans of Charleston, representing the first mortgage bondholders, asked for the appointment of Samuel Lord. H. A. M. Smith, representing $500,00 of the bondholders, nominated H. P. Dickin son of New York. During the discussion the township bond question came up again. Ira B. Jones, in behalf of Cane Creek town ship, Lancaster, entered a suit against the $19,000 subscription voted to the Three C's Road on the ground that it was unconstitutional, being in e,cess of the 8 per cent. assessed value of the tasable property in the township. The Court took the papers. The deci s:on as to the receivership is eopected to-morrow. CRAMSEE2A-N A7!'OilTED-TOWN SH [PS M UST PAY; [Special to Greenville News.1 CRAR .E.Tos, S. C., Feb. 25.-In the United States court to-day judgment was rendered in favor of P. P. Dicker sou, of New York, for $6,772 against York township, in York County. The suit was brought to force payment of coupon bonds issued in aid of the Three C's rail road. No decision has yet been made as to the rece:versh'p of the road. The real contest is t" 'tween Chamberlain, who is backed by three millions, and Lord, who has $3,700,000 behind him, a ma jority of outstanding first mortgage bonds. The Chamberlain people claim that the Soutir Carolina Railway can run the Three C's road much cheaper than any one else. CHAM23ER1LAIN CE.S TRHE PL.U3I. CE ARL ESTos, Feb. 25.-D. H. Cham berlain was to-night appointed receiver of the Charleston, Cincinnati and Chi cago railroad, South Carolina division. I N FU ~.L CH ARG E. [Special to Greenville News.) CHA R ..ESPON, Feb. 26.-The official order appointing D. H. Chamberlain receiver of the Three C's road was filed in the United States court to-day. Under this order Mr. Chamberlain has' con trol of the road in this State, North Carolina and Virginia. THE ALLIANCE BANK. An Important Meeting of the Directors Fixed ror March 1ath. [Special to News and Courier.] CoLUM3tA. February 19.-At the last meeting of the directors of the Alliance Bank here it was determined to take such steps as would secure the transfer of the exchange funds into the Alliance Bank. It was determined to issue a circular to the County Alliances on the subject, and it is evident from the pro posed action of the Kershaw Alliance that the circular has gone forth. The funds, it is claimed, can be traus ferred by a vote of the Alliances, and it is not held that the charter of the E:xchange will affect such transfer. It is also claimed that the vote by counties will not affect the ultimate result, in asmnuch as several of the counties own more shares than a good many other counties in the aggregate. In other words, that the matter is to be settled on the-basis of a stock vote. Tfhe votes of the til.ances will be all in by March J8, when the next meet ing of the trustee stockholders will be held in Columbia. At this meeting it is expected that the objections and objectors to the bank enterprise will be eliminated by the men who own the money held in trust by theExhne The News and Courier was requested to withhold this information about a week ago, but as it can now no longer be retained it is given. The meeting next time will probably be not so interesting Personally as the last one, as the vote w iI settle matte-s summarily. The verbal defects in the charter for the Alliance bank will also be made to conform to the law. You cannot accomplish any work or business unless you feel well. If you feel used uo-tired out-take Dr. J. H. McLean's M.-sapariIIa. It will give you health, strength and vitality. Eczema, scalp covered with eru ptions doctors proven valueless. P. P. P. was, triedl and the hair began to grow again, not a pimple can be seen, and P. P. P. again proved itself a wonderful skin eure. For rheumatic and neuralgic pains bring Dr. J. H. McLean's Volcanic Dil Lininre -t and take Dr. J. H. Mc Lean's Sarsaparilla. You will not suffer lon, will be gained with a speedy and effective cure. 'TO SECURE JUST VALUATIONS." An Important Circnlor from the Comp troller General. Comptroller General Ellerbe has is sued a circular to County Auditors call ing their attention to their duties under the law in order to "secure a just valu ation for taxation of all the property, real personal and possessory in the State." The Comptroller General says that it is not believed that a uniform and equal assessment of all of the property in the State exists and urges Auditors to carefully examine the laws govern ing them in this respect, and adds that where they are in doubt they must con sult his office and the proper construc tion of the law will be obtained from the Attorney General. He says further that Auditors are largely responsible for inequalities of assessments, as they create the town ship board of assessors, who, in turn, create the County Boards and State Boards. Legislatures and not Auditors are responsible for any inequalities in the operations of the law, and all that Auditors have to do is to administer the law as they find it. The Comptroller General directs the especial attention of Auditors to the taxation of unincorporated banks and bankers, and says that under this head are included all money lenders, note shavers, brokers, &c., and even the farmer who keeps a place of business and carries on any of the avocations classified in Section 206 of the General Statutes would come under its require ments in making returns for ta_ation. Manufacturers of various kinds are to be taxed on all real estate and ma chinery of every description. The shares are not taxable, but the increased valuation of the taxable property of these corporations should keep pace with the advance in the market value of shares. The circular says further that there are intimations that certain organiza tions are doing business in the Sta+e for profit who have failed to return any. property for taxation, and directs Au ditors in such cases to follow out strict ly the requirements of Section 215 of the General Statutes on this head, and adds also that if any real estate is found to have escaped taxation for one or more years it should be treated as aban doned lands and reported to the Sink ing Fund Commission. The circular concludes as follows: "There is no law for valuing a hun dred dollar mule at forty or sixty dol lars. The idea which seems to prevail in parts of the State that all property for taxation should not be assessed at above 66l per cent. of its real value is erroneous, and in direct conflict with the law. 'All property shall be valued for taxation at its true value in money.' (See Section 219). 'A piece of property is worth what it will bring on the mar ket'; and if a mule is worth one hun dred dollars it should be assessed at one hundred dollars-no more, no less. Every piece of taxable property from the sore-back mule on the farm to the gilt shares of the wealthiest bank in the State must he valued at their 'true value in money' for taxation. A large percentage of the poll tax in many counties is not paid. Auditors can remedy this largely through the help of township Boards of A&essors, and we must insist upon the collection of all poll tar. "Pledging his hearty co-operation, the Comptroller General, relying upon the fidelity to duty and a zealous dis charge of that duty under the law by the Auditors of the State, and the co operation of public officials and all good citizens, believes that many of the existing inequalities in taxation can be overcome and remedied." Johnston af"Shermnan's Bier. (From the New York Recorder.) The most significant incident in yes terday's funeral pageant was the pres ence of Joseph E. Johnston as a pall bearer. Nothing could more strikingly typify the blessing of a recemented union than the attendance as a principal mourner of the commander of the last army against which GeneralSherman fought. It is the South's tribute to the man who, radical in war methods, was most generous in his proposals for terms of peace when the fate of the contest was dee'ded. :It is as in evidence of the perfect per formance of that great task for liberty, civilization and humanity that the figure of Johnst on at the bier of Sher man-challenges admiring attention. It is a token of the perpetuity of the union of all the peoples and races con stituting the greatest and freest of all the nations of the earth. Heavy Verdict Against a Railroad. ThR3TNG;HA3f, Ala, Feb. 20.-In the case of R. E. Sanders against the Kan sas City, Memphis and Birmingham Railroad at Jasper, Walker County, the jury to-day gave a verdict for the plaiotiff of $44,i00. It was the largest verdict for damages ever given in the State. Sanders was killed in a collision last October on the outskirts of Bir mingham, when a large number of others were killed and wounded. He lived in Walker County. If you have apainful sense or ratigue, find your duties irksome, take Dr. J. FI. McLean's Sarsaparilla. It will brace you up, make you strong and Ifyusfe from any affection :aused by impure blood, sueh as scrof ala, salt rheum, sores, boils, Dimples, :etter, ringworns, take -Dr. J. -.H. Me Lean's Sarsaparilla. BACKWOODS ENGLJSiI. It Should be P reserved- T oo . E xpre ~b"I., % to be Lost. [Greenville News.} The New York Tribune, we beiieve it is, is much delighted by Sam Jon.es description of the mayor of Palestine who assaulted but failed to batter hln, as a "one gallus" individual. "One gallus" as a descriptive adjective is, the Tribune says, a revelation, an inspira tion and a poem. Our contemporary is right. Nobody~ knows who invented "one gallds' but_ it has lived and endured through al the mountain regions of the Sout, and Is used with absolute gravity as expressing a - certain kind of man-a shiftless, lopsided, loafing person who doesn't take any interest in himself whose wife even takes no interest in him and is entirely satisfied with the set of his breeches so long as they hang to him. The sailor, who is often one of the quickest.and most graceful -of the human kind, wears no gallnses at all, but the gymnastics of his daily life make him supple and thin in .the waist and solid in the hips and;his'F clothes hang on to him to the last even when both legs are full of sal water. The "one gallus" is - usually precisely the same size all the. way down-without form and void-and has no hinge in his back bone or fle bility at the waist. When he w nts anything on the ground he gets toit by' bending his legs and sitting down for it, like a giraffe. The back woods are full of home spun English which is English-ner vous, direct and strong. The people a few years back knew comparatively few words but those they knew were Saxon and were combined and applied to be of wonderful use and power. Then there is an occasional invented word-such as "rucus." Nobody knows where "rucus" came from or how it got here, but when it has onee been heard we can never think of any other word as properly describing a general, confused, scrambling fight with half a dozen or more combatants -which is what "rucus" means. Then there is the verb "to mix"-we mixed, ye or you mixed, he, they or them mixed, we have mixed, -we might, could would or should have mixed. . "Then them two mixed" says the witness on the stand, and court, jury, attorneys and audience know on the significance of th f r that the defendant and prosecutorsim ultaneously got together with rapid exchanges of kicks, cuffs, bites and. gouges, An entire chapter of Carlyle could not tell more or present the scene to the imagination more vividly. The school master and the preacher are invading the last strongholds of home made, provincial English in this country. The people are becomiang more prosperous, or getting miore money, rather ; whether the process is real prosperity is open. for discussion. They are looking, through the news papers and occasional excursions, into - the big, busy world beyond .tbeir familiar hills and mountain barrier-s They are sending their son and daugh ters to schools and colleges and the strong, homely, native words, expres sions and Idoms are being banished byv the more correct an .1 elegant Englishi of the b'ooks and students. One secret of Sam Jones' success is that lhe stick~s to the home dialect. It is pleasant and ' full of meaning to the people familia with it and--as the Tribune says-an inspiration and a delight to thbe people to whom it is new. When he says~ a thing or a doctrine has been "wornt a frazzle," everybody knows what he~ is talking about, and we would likeo know if there is any stronger or plain er combination of words to tell the mr-rn ing. We wish before the march of im- - provement has banished backwoods English somebody would prep~area glossary of it for preservation. Mt.en oLit is entirely too good to be ik,s "Befsy Hamilton," who used to wrhe for the Atlanta Constiation kne and used it more correctly than ay body else we know of who is capae e of telling of it properly. Death of a Glantess at the Age or. iin LFromn the Globe-Demiocrat.] MAcos, Ga., Feb. 15.-News has~ j.t reached here of the death in Ocone County, of Georgia's oldest in babitan Her name was Mrs. Bradshaw, and i age 112 years. Mrs. Bradsh~awws hale and hearty, and gave p)r(JnLne or living several years longer, but ae cer caused her death. Shje was prodigy of strength and enidurance She had an immense family cee tion, having grandchildren 72 ye: r. old. When she was to be buriedl special coffin 7? feet long had to e made. Royalty Judgmnent Collected. [Charleston World.) COLVnIIA, Feb. 23.-Attorneyv G eral Pope has returned from iseen where he went on business fr State in relation to the judgmnt o -z tained against S. W. Scheper andi . F Hutching, who were the surelia - the bond of Seward & Co., to secure payment of royalty on phiospha:te' re.: mined by the latter. Ex-Attorney General Earle procuredl a judgme~nt n $5,000 Irom the circuit court. A n a" peal was&nade and the supremie couJrt affirmed the judgment of the eir;:i court- Gen. Pope has colleted amount of the judg'ment for the.itr For weak bsek, chest pains, 'eiDr J. H. McLean's Wonderful Ecal" Plaster (porous.)