The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, February 05, 1891, Image 1

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ESTABLISHED 1865. NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1891. RELICS OF OTHER DAYS. Independence Hall and its Curiosities-The Mint and Some of Its Ancient Coins. [Correspondence Herald and News.1 PHILADELPHIA, January 2G.-The humble scribe has been in the city four months. In that time a great deal has been seen-so much in fact The Herald and News could not hold it if written in detail.' Philadelphia takes in a whole county. Can you grasp that? Suppose Newberry was as large as this county, what an inland city there would be. I am fifteen miles from the heart of the city and still within the corporation by one and a half miles or more. To go to the top of the City Hall tower and look northward as far as the eye can see, red brlck houses seem to rise upon each other. Look east, and one sees marble, granite, brown stone business houses running up five, six and seven stories high, and beyond the historic Delaware river lies the more modern historic city of Cam den, N. J., made so by being the home of Walt Whitman, so says Bob Inger soll. For this fling Camden is not re sponsible. I hardly think there is a vein of mutual admiration existing be tween these remarkable men. Of all the places of note in Philadel phia, Independence Hall still holds the lead on the hearts of the people, and justly should it. Who can stand under that memorable bell as it now hangs in the hall and not think of the time when its intonations declared to an op pressed people that there is now liberty. With boyish pride I used to gaze, when at school, upon that venerable pile in picture and conj::re up in mind those men who had long before purchased that liberty I was then enjoying, I would wonder also if I should ever see the bell, the Hall and the chair in which the President sat, when his name was affixed to the Declaration of Independence. All these have been realized, for twice have I been around to see the curios. I have stood in front of the table on which the parch ment lay and seen the President and all thesigners. John Hancock was the only one who signed the paper on the 4th of July, 1776. The chairs used on the occasion have been returned and now occupy the space they did over one hundred years ago. In another room are a great many relics carefully guarded as treasures of the United States. A drum used at the battle of Germantown, swords, guns, rifles, pistols and daggers, gun-locks, lam rods, scabbards, all sacredly guarded day and night. Dresses, robes of va rious hues, slippers, corsets, (different from those worn to-day). Knee panta Ioous, waist coat, curious sandals, and a suit of holy clothes, made for, and worn by John Q. Adams, who thought then he would one. day be President. Settees, camp stools and tables, spoons, jars, army chests, all find a last resting place here. The compass young Wash ington used when surveying, and the spectacles he wore when >Ad age came on, occupy prominent places. Pictures painted by WVest and other artists are here. Plaster casts of Washington after death, and a large number of other relics no0 less interesting. All these are interesting to the aver age American because they and the be holder are in sympathy. To-day men would fight and die for these very things and the iconoclast who would dare destroy one relie must nast do so at his own peril. Our patriotism has not died, and so long as there is a bul wark of human breasts around these emblems of past success and glory no ( foe dare attempt their destruction. No less mnteresting than Indepen denice Hall is the Mint. To 'some this may seem a little strange, bct if you could only pass within its doors and see what a revelation is ini store: Just briefly will the contents be outlined, because, to do more wouldl require careful investigation and accurate data. In this mint all the different denominations of our -money atre made-gold. silver, mxekels and copper. Tesweepings from the floor of the Tesilver is rolled out into thin bars just the thickness of the particular coin to be made, then put under a punch ing machine, from there they go to an other press where the eagle anid face of the woman are made, then again to an other machine where the milled rimx is put on. Now it is finished and in ap pearance is bright and shining and ready for circulation. One million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars are made daily. You ask where does it all go to'? That is what I would like to know. But the most interesting room in the one called the numismatic room.~ In this room coins from all the countries of the world can be seen. Coins of the defunct Roman empire, the insolvent ', Grecian treasury department, and so on through the whole catalogue of' gov ernments that have been. Marc An tony, Commodus, that gluiton of Rome, Cxsar and others, all have coins comn miemorating somec great event of their reign. One piece which struck my fancy was a Roman coin n ith the head of Minerva on it, made before Christ .500 years. This coin was very pretty. The shekel of the Israelites is shown, but is not so handsome. The piece which attracts most attention, and usually brings an exclamation of joy, is the Widow's Mite, and a mite it is. Two of themi will not make a piece as large as our three cent silver piece. When looking at this tiny piece of on ey, the mind goes back over eigh teen hundred years. The biblical story tells us that Christ sat over against the iemple and he saw those who cast in, the rich of their abundance, the labore of his scanty but horded treasury, and the widow who cast in all she had, tw< mites. What a lesson of reliance upoi him who said "east thy burdens upo the Lord" and thy "breard upon tll waters." It is said that this piece i not a facsimile, but agenuinecomw. \ do not know that such is the case, bu we do know that it is called tht "Widow's Mite." E. II. K. A HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. To be Written by Newberry's Historian LJohuston Monitor.] Mr. John A. Chapman, of Newberry is now engaged in writing a h:story o Edgefield County. Mr. Chapman i: eminently fitted for the task, being: scholarly and gifted gentleman and ar author of considerable reputation. I is, of course, impossible for Mr. Chap man to do the work satisfactorily witl the scanty material gathered by him self, and for such reason it has beet suggested to form an historical societN for the purpose of gleaning the loca. traditions and facts for the use of Mr Chapman in forming an accurate his tory of this county. A meeting hai been called to perfect the organization to be held at Edgefield on the 2Sth o February, 1891. It is earnestly hoped that the meeting will be largely at tended so that the laudable enterprise in which every one in Edgefield shoulc feel a profound interest-may b< started under favorable auspices. Let everybody set their talking machint in motion and talk this thing up until all Edgefield may be proud of the fina] consummation. THE ALLIANCE BANK. Directors Elected-No OffIcera Yet Elected. [Record, January 29.] The statement was made yesterday that the trustee stockholders of the State Alliance Exchange were having a heated and lengthy discussion about the organization of the bank. It wa: known then that trouble was brewing in the camp and up to the hour of ad jourument last night there was a hot fight going on between two factious. Finally, after hours of wrangling, the bank was partially organized by the election of the following directors: J. A. Sligh, D. P. Duncan, J. T. Dun can, J. W. Shaw, J. W. Stokes, J. E. Tindal and W. H. Timmerman. Subsequently the directors held a meeting but the trouble continued there and they adjourned without electing any officers or making any arrange ments for the establishment of the bank. The bank matter, therefore, stands in statu quo until another meet ing, which will very likely be held in the spring. There is strong opposition to the bank-so much of it in fact that the Alliancemen refused to give out auy thing for publication. THE flANK ASSURED. [Special to News and Courier.J CoLtI1A, January 2l.-R~eference was made in the News and Courier a few days ago to the fact that there was a little hitch in the circumstances, or rather the progress, of the Alliance Bank for this place. Last night one of the directors stated the facts to a re porter for the News and Courier, but requested that nothing af the circumi stances be mnentionled at that time. it was learned to-day, how-ever, from an other director that there is no reason, this morning, why the circumstances should not be published. He said that it was a certainty, to begin with, that the bank would be established, and that the directors had been elected with that distinct understanding. The die lay in the election of a president an.d the other otticers should not be taken as a suppositi')n that there were any material obstacles in the way, an d -tlbat an arrangement agreeable to all p.arties would certainly be reached in less than? a month. It ap.pears that the charter for the new institution does not cover a contingency, wvhich is to be arranged by consent. There are about twur.ty thousand dollars now to the credit oi the exchange or rather the property of its many st oekholders. This amioun t is in the hands of the State Treasurer, but it is understood that it will be trans ferred to the new bank and that whet: it begins it will be with the good will of all the Alliance people. It is al1s well understood that Mr. ID. P. Dncan will be elected the presideut of thet bank. Potato Certiflcates~ Demanded. [From the WVashington Post.] A very humorous p)roposi tioni, and yet one that follows in the wake of pro posed legislation, was submitted to thet Senate yesterday in the form of a peti tion. It urges the G3overnmen:t to re ceive potatoes and issue Treasury notes thereon at the rate of $1 a bushel. The petition has 'been referred to the Finance Comimittee. "A yer's ('herry- Peetoral has gi vein me great relief in bronchiitis. Withina month I have sent some of this prepa ration to a friend suffering from brun chitis and asthma. It has done himt sa nuch good that he writes for~ more. Charles F. Dumterville, Plymouth, England. If you suffer from any affe.rtion caused by impure blood, such as scrof ula, salt rheum, sores, boils, pimples, tetter, ringworm, take Dr. J. H. Mc Lean's Sarsaparilla. Frequently accidents occur in the house-hold which cause burns, cuts, sprains and bruises; for use in such cases Dr. J H. McLean's Volcanic Oil Liniment has for many years been the -onstant favorite famiily remedy. ARtP ON THE EXODUS. E.ery Race Has its Own Sir Oracle And the Colored Race Seems:z to Have Been the Most Unfortunate of All. [Finn the Atlanta (nstitntion.] Of cour-e it was a trick-somebody's ti ck-this gathering of the Legroes to o to Africla. The 1nystery about it all that .o2. They could have gotten just as easy--maybe $5. But it wasn't the trick of our people. The credulity of the negro is amazing. One would think they had learned something since freedom came-something about trust ing strangers. The idea of going to A frica for $1 and a postage stamp would f convict anybody of lunacy. Two thou sand of the dupes in Atlanta with their tie-kets and as mauy more all along the !iue to Wasfington-all waiting for the igent and the ships. Some went from Cartersvilie, and are on the roal some wi r.. Ihey won't talk. They are bound to secrecy. They have been houdood. Education does not seemll to rid the negro of the superstitions and vagaries that belong to the race. Every com1munity has its oracle, its conjurer, its fortune teller. There is one over on the hill back of us. The women and the girls have more faith in her than in their preacher. If one of them loses any thing she goes to the old woman, who listens to her story and floats sonw cloe grounds in saucer and tells the taite of the thief, and generally tells the truth, for she is smart and knows her nabors. ly daughr's nurse went to her yesterday to have her fortune told, and said the old woman told her she would get a present before night frn the good lady she was nursing for. Well, of course that was a compliment, and my daughter didont go back on the colored oracle. Her good will is worth something when nurses are s:arce. But I was ruminating about the exodus to Africa-not about the going, but about the desire to go. Is it a sign of anything? Ever since I was a boy there has been talking and writing about the .Jews going back to Jerusalem, and sometimes the signs of it are pretty good, but they have never made a start. And now the wise men say that Provi dence planned the slavery of the negro for his good and waited 100 years for his civilization, and then sent Stanley to Africa to get the Dark Continent ready, and now that same Providence is inclining his mind to go there, an this is the beginriing of the great exodus that is to come. Well this may be so or it may not be, but it is all right if it is. Our people are willing and waiting. But the negroes can't swil and they can't be floated over for $l.02. One thing is certain-they will go when their time comes and not be fore. This thing was tried half a cen tury ago and it was too soon and dident work- The Colonization Society meant well and spent lots of money. They built ships and sent agents over to Liberia to prepare the country for the colonry. They took over thousands and thousands of negroes who had been set free by their masters in Maryland and Virginia, but they died like cattle withj the murrain. Most of the states had laws w hich forbade slaves fronm remain ing in the state after they were set free. Th.y had to go north or go to Liberia. But still there was a great many free negroes in thre south-negroes who wvere b)orni free-and they were a middle class between the slav-es and the white folke. They were not up to thle one nor down to the other. Like the Irishman's defi i;iioni of a fairy, "They are thie spirits of folks wvho arc not quite good enough for Hleaven, but are a leetle too good fojr hell." And so when freedom camne to the slaves, the old-fashioned, high toned free negro was in a fix. His middle station was knocked out andl be felt it keenly and was mad. HeI was either down to thre level (f tire "comn mon aig.g.er"' or they wvere brough up to his. M(.st of thleml were respectabihe nad1toes anid hr:ol trades and occurpa tnsu the( towns like whbite folks. Fr 'mi that elass alt our southerna bar !.<rs camie, btam as one of them said to me: not long ago: "1 was always a dem~o(rat, sir, a nd mixed with southernl w tiemen, sir. I was in the Mlexican war, sir, and I was intimate with Getneral Heury Rl. .Iaekson and Gover no- Colquit.t, and all the blooded stock. I associated with gentlemen, sir, be fore the war, but one (lay Mir. Lincoln took iris pen in his hanid and set all these black niggers free, and, before we knrowed it, there was about 40,000 new Ua rbers j umped tip with a brush in one hand and a razor in the other and we old-fashioned free n iggers hain't had any- comfort since."' I knew one of these high-strung~ miulattoes who got rich, and owned a planltat ion, and bought some slaves anid worked them. He never forgave the yankees for taking his property with out paying him for it, and what 'was worse, they raised up the other negroes to be his equals. About nifty years ago an old gentle man dlied inl our counity leaving a larg'e estate and over 700 slaves. He left a will inwhich he set free thirty-sevecn of them, andt directed that his execu tors should send them to Liberia. He charged that they should be p)rovidedI with abun'dant clothing' and when they embarked they should be given S200 apiece in gold. These negroes were his favorite household servants and their parents and their children-they had been raised by him and treated with care and humanity and he was at tached to them. They were reluctant to go but finally consented and old Wil liam,who was the trusted and confiden tial agent of his master, made prepara tions to go with them, as his master had drectred. Their dearujwa nrvjj by a bill of injunction that was sued out by one of the heirs and the case had to go to the supreme court, where. the will was sustained and the executer ordered to proceed with its provisions. Those negroes were sent from Savannah to Liberia on the Ship Elizabeth' Three years after their departure the old man, William and six others very unexpectedly made their appearance in our town and delivered theiselves to the executor. They reported all the others dead and asserted that they had tried for a year to get back but were refusel transportation by every vessel that came. Finally they hid themselves in the hoid of a trading vessel one night, and kept hid until the ship bad been three days at sea. Their rations gave cut, and they came on deck and and begged for favor from the captain and gut it, for he was a kind-hearted man, and brought them safely to Philadelphia. Abolitionists of that city tried very hard to keep theni from coming south, and would give them no money to pay their traveling expenses. William was well acquainted with Howell Cobb, who had been his master's guest in the old times, and who was then a member of Congress, and so he wrote to him at Washington, and Mr. Cobb sent them money and they came to him, and he gave thei enoua-h to come hone on, and the old darky's face fairly shone with illumination as he told of their trials and sufferings, and how happy he was to get back to his old home, where he could live with Mas' Tom, and die and be buried in the old family graveyard. Mas' Tom soon heard of their return and hurried in to meet the old darky who had taken care of him from in fancy to manhood, and they wept and sobbed upon each others' shoulders and there never was a more touching, loving scene than that. This is not much of a story, but it is a true one, and my father was that executor. The attachments that bound together the great majority of martyrs and their slaves were strong and beautiful; but they have passed away, and now it seems that the negro wants to go. The two races are living together merely by force of circumstances over which nei ther has any control. How long they can live together depends upon their good sense and forbearance. I feel sure that I'ean live with them and keep their respect and their friendship, but perhaps i: ., because I used . to own sl:es and still feel and maintain my 1 ce and my supe.riority. Our class will s ov pass away, and so will the old slaves who love to do us honor. How the coining generations will harmonize I cannot foresee nor foretell, but from the signs I fear there will be less for bearance from the one and less humility from the other. The problem is not solved, and such political measures as the force bill will only make it more complicated-not that the force bill will ever be enforced to our injury, but the animus of it is bad. If the conflict comnes it will not be precipitated by us or our negroes, but it will be the same old strife that stili rankles between us and our northern enemies. From that enmity I know of no discharge unless we fall baek upon that scripture which says: "If a man's ways please the Lord, eveu his enemies shall be at peace with him." BILL ARP'. Simupucity in Languagre. [Fronm tire Western Spirit.j The last important work of George Bancroft, the historian, who died in Washington on th4e 17th inst., was to carefully revise his celebrated "His tory of the United States," eliminating flowers of rhetoric that graced early editions. Fronm this the writers of to-day may lear n a useful lesson. Though Ban croft never was extravagant in the use o,f picturesiue language, yet tihe ex periee of mature years led himt to simprllify and put in plain every-day sentences many pages that appeared to hinm no doubt wheu he penned them as attractive, if not really beautifurl. Thre progress of the world rn letters has been steadily toward simplicity in language. The best historians, atu thors, and newspaper writers of to-day do not indulge inuch in what is termed the "roses of rhetoric." Pure, sirmple English is the standard. '-Grant's Mfemoirs," Bancroft's "History of the Constitution,'"SenatorCarlisle's speech es, and New York Sun editorials are examp'les. More Graphic Poetry. Touch not the demon beer this year, Nor assimilate the smile That sends you home befogged and qhueer In a5 s b i t o h y u t I t e. -Indianapolis Journal. There is comnort for the man with a prematurely gray beard in Bucking ham's Dye, because it never fails to colo)r an even brown or black as may be desired. If you have a naintul sense or atigure, find your duties irksome, take Dr. J. H. MIeLean's Sa:saparilla. It will brace you up, make you strong and virgoro us. When you are consaipateu nave head ache, or loss of appetite take Dr. J. H. MceLean's Liver and Kidney Pillets; they are pleasant to take and will cure von. Eczema, scalp covered with eruptions doctors proven valueless. P. P. P. was, tried and the hair began to grow again, not a pimple can be seen, and P. P. P. again proved itself a wonderful skin UNIVERSITY REORGANIZATION. The Plan of Studies at Prepared by the Committee anad to be Submitted to the Trustee., OLUMRIA, S. C., January 2s.-A meeting of the executive conlmittee of the South Carolina University was held to night to prepare the plans of reorganization of the University. The special committee. consisting of Presi dent McBride and Superintendent of Education Mayfield, prepared and sub mitted the following: OUTLINES OF THE PLAN OF STU)IFS ANT) METHODS OF INSTRUCTION. In view of all the circumctances at tending the reorganization of the Uni ver,ity of South Carolina it is highly desirable that the board of trustees 7hould explicity indicate the principles that are to direct and the methods that are to be pursued in the future admin istration of the South Carolina College. The following general positions or principles, having direct bearing upon the practical, questions of reorganiza tion, are, therefore, submitted for the consideration and approval of the board: 1. The best educational experience of our day has concluded that liberal education, both for culture and train ,g,may now be attained through many and divergent course of study. This conelusion finds practical application in the almost universal custom in col leges of offering as great a number of courses as their facilities and outfits will warrant. It is worthy of note that students seek those institutions which give the widest choice among courses. 2. The object of the reorganized South Carolina College is to afford this liberal education in the highest modern ac ceptation of that term to a class of pat ronage embracing all grades of social life and personal ability, seeking general education along many lines of modern intellectual development. 3. The demands,- therefore, of our times and of our patrons can be met only by affording, instead of the old time single curriculum, many and varied courses leading to the same de gree or to degrees of equal value; and by such further provisions for shorter courses as the needs of irregular stu dents may require. 4. Each such course should be differ entiated by a masked predominance of cettain kindred studies, and all the media of modern liberal education should .find jilce,. as far.as possible, in these varying combinations: in one the ancient languages should constitute the differentia; in another English studies; in another the modern lan guages; in another history and the econominical and mental sciences; in another the mathematical and physical sciences; in another the natural sciences -and so on to the fullest extent of the practical possibility of differentiation. 53. The college as reorganized should include no chair that cannot be classed among the agencies of liberai educa tion, but every department so admitted must take rank with every other on entirely equal footing and be granted equal opportunities with all others in the community of collegiate instruc tion. In entire accordance with this view the terms of the recent act of re organization disptinctly place "theo ret ical sciences (by which are clearly meant the pure sciences, as dihtin guished from the applied sciences) literature and the classics on exactly the same footing of perfect equality. G. A certain unit of disciplinary study, combined of literary, classical, and scientific elements, will naturally belong in common to all the courses. This common unit almost exclusively pertains to the work of the first two years of the college course and should therefore offer but little choice for the option of the student. But this dis ciplinary period passed, the largest li berty, compatible with the mnain1ten anece of distinctive courses of study should be granted the student among group)s of elective studies carefully ar ranged with reference to the purposes of the respectIve courses. Collegiate instruction will certainly fall short of its opportunity should it fail to lit its students to choose intelligently in the higher classics the studies best suited to the needs of each individual student. In the junior class about one-half, and' in the senior years at least two-thirds of the studies should be opened, under proper restrictions indicated above, to individual choice. 7. In every department of collegiate study, work outside and additional to class-room duties should be exacted of the student and required of the p)rofes sor. The theories and principles enun elated in the lecture or lesson should be illustrated and enforced by special kinds of drill adapted to the character of the several departments. Such drill can be found ini the testing and handling of chemicals, in the examination or analysis of living and dead forms, in the solution of mathematical, physical, logical and psychological problems, in the writing of outside exercises for the teachers, private correction in ancient and modern languages, and inl the p)reparation of compositions and essays in the English branches for like propo sitIon, In higher classes especially, of' atll departments, elaborate and careful ly pirepared essays should be required on subjects germain to the lines of higher study in the several depart ments. A bove all, it should be rigidly required of both professor and student that this work be done outside, and without interference with the duties of ordinary recitation. This is indeed the 'laboratory work of classical, literary and philosopical departments. 8. Not the least important purpose of such requirement is to guard against that room routine which by slaviLh ad herence to more text book instruction dries up interest and inspiration in the soul of the the teacher, and degrades him to the o:ice of a lesson-hearing machine, the bane and cur:4e of all edu cation. 9. The plan here outlined seeks, hi the fir.-t place, to bring to bear on pro fessors the enliv,ning influences of healthy, friendly competition, by with drawing those temptations to formal and perfunctory teaching that must prevail in any system, that, by forcing unconditional attendance upon certain courses on the part of students, en courages indolence and inefficiency in in the professors thus mistakenly hedged about. In the the second place, this plan, recognizing the necessity of arousing interest and stimulating zeal in the student, offers, with the proper guarded restrictions, such choice of studies as shall enable him to gratify his tastes and exercise his abilities in such directions as shall seem to him most pleasant and profitable. 10. A moderate amount of graduate work leading to the old and universal ly recognized degree of master-of-arts should, for obvious reasons, be still pro vided for. 11. The work of formulating and ar ranging the details of the courses and of per:ecting the methods of instruction outlined above should be referred to the Faculty-the report of this work when completed, to be submitted for the approval of the Board. The above report is, of course, sub ject to changes by the board of trustees when it meets. The committee de cided on adjournment, not to give out any details of the meeting. DROPPED DEAD AT A BANQUET. The Sudden Death of Secretary Windom in New York. NEW YORK, January 2.-Just as Secretary Windom concludtd his speech at the board of trade dinner to night, he grew deadly pale, his eyes shut and opened spasmodically, and he fell on his chair. Thence he slipped to the floor, where he lay unconscious. The most intense excitement immediately ensued. Judge Arnoux, Ex-Secretary Bayard and Capt. Snow were the first of several who ran to Mr. Windom's aid. They found him apparently un conscious. They lifted him gently and carried him into an ante-roora, where several physicians' proceeded at once to his assistance. The at tack resulted in death. Senator Windom left Washin-gton to-day in apparent good health, to at tend the banquet of the New York Board of Tiade and transportation, where he was to respond to the toast, "Our country's prosperity dependent upon its instruments of commerce." His address was prepared in advance, and embraced about five thousand words. Win. Windom was born in Belmont County, Ohio, on May 10, 1827. He re ceived an academic education, studied law at Mt. Vornon, Ohio, and was ad mitted to the Bar in 18.50 In 1852 he became prosecuting attorney for Knox County, but in 18.55 he removed to Mianesota, and soon afterwards he was chosen to Congress from that State as a Republican, serving from 1859 to 1869. In that body he served two terms as chairman of the committee on Indian aff'airs, and also was at the head of a special committee to visit theWest ern tribes in 18653, and of that on con duct of commissioner of Ind-ian aff'airs in 1837. In 1870 he was~ appointed to the United States Senate to fill the un expired term of Daniel S. Norton, de ceased, and he was subsebuently chos en for the term that ended in 1877. He wvas re-elected for the one that closed in 1883, and resigned in 1881 to enter the Cabinet of President Garfield as Secretary of the Treasury, but retired on the accession of President Artbur in the same year, and was elected by the Minnesota Legislature to serve the re mnainder of his termi in the Senate. In that body Windomn acted as chairman of the committees on appropriations, foreign allairs and transportation. His most noted act during his Senatorial career was the introduction and advo cacy of a bill to purchase territory in the Northwest and colonize negroes. He was ap)pointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Harrison and has since served in that capacity. Our Largest Boil. [From the New England Magazine.] The largest bell in America is that of Notre Dame Cathedral, Montreal, which hangs in the south tower. It is six feet high, eight feet seven inches in diameter and weighs 24,780 pounds. It is ornamented with images of the Blessed Virgin and St. John the Bap tist, together with emblems of agri culture, commerce and industry. It was cast in London and bears this in scription in Latin : "It wa cast in the year of the Christian era 1847, the two hundred and second since the founda tion of Montreal, the first of Pius the Ninth's pontificate and thec tenth of the reign of Vicforia, Queen of England. I am the gift of the merchants the farmers and the mechanics of 'Ville Marie." In the opposite tower hangs a chime of ten bells, the smallest weigh ing 507 pounds, the largest 6,011, total 21,696 pounds. The largest bell in the United States is the alarm bell on city hall, New York, which was cast by Blake of Bos ton. It is six feet high, eight feet in diameter and weighs 23,000 pounds. For weak back, chest pains, use Dr. J. H. McLean's Wonderful Healing Plaster (porous.). COLUMBIA'S CENTENIIAL. Making Ready for the Great Celebration Gen. Wade Hampton Invited to be Orator of the Day. [Special to News and Courier.] COLUMBIA, January 28.-The gen eral committee of the Centennial cel ebration met this afternoon, Dr. Fisher presiding, Mr. Cathcart secretary. A great deal of business was promptly and harmoniously dispatched. Dr. Fisher, to whom the selection of sub-committees was referred, reported the following: Finance-Messrs. 1earce, Muller and Thomas. Collections-Messrs. Jones, Mancke, Trump and Habenicht. Day Parade-Messrs Mancke,Shields, Wilie Jones. Trades Procession-Messrs. Cardwell, 3Iimnaugh, McCreery, Lowrance and Motz. Oldest Residents-Messrs. Morrison, Percival, Altee and Beard. Display and Decorations-Messrs. Muller, Swaffield, Shiver, R. T. Wright. Fair Grounds and Intelligence Office -Messrs. Rowan, Dr. Dunn, Pearce, Robertson, Harper. Invitations and Receptions-Messrs. Thomas Taylor, John P. Thomas, Jr., Dr. Geo. Howe, R. W. Shand, Judge A. C. Haskell. Canal-Mayor McMaster, Messrs. Desportes, W. B. Lowrance, Capt. Ire dell, Rhett, Holley. Railroads-Messrs. Cardwell, Rich mond and Danville: McQueen, South .Carolina ; C. M. Smith, Atlantic Coast Line; P. Morrison, Richmond and Danville ; J. H. Green, Richmond and Danville. Press-Messrs. Flanders, Gibbes, Tighe, Douglass, Watson. THE INVITATION TO GEN. HAMPTON. The following is Dr. Fisher's official communication on behalf of the stand ing committue of the Centennial or ganization of Columbia to Senator Hampton : "COLUMBIA, January 28. "To the Hon. Wade Hampton, Sen ate Chamber, Washington, D. C.-My Dear Sir: Repiesenting a committee composed of members of the city coun cil of Columbia, members of the Board of Trade, of Columbia, and a committee of other citizens, I have the honor to extend to you in behalf of the citizens of Columbia and the State the official invitation to deliver the oration on the occasion pf the,Centennial Anniversary in 3ay next of the first session of the general Assembly of this State in Col dnibia. The action of the city council, by which you, were named as the orator of the day,'will be forwarded to you at the earliest possible day. It is, how ever my pleasant duty by resolution of the general committe of the Centen nial celebration to convey to you their and my earnest desire that soauspic ious an event may be inaugurated by one illustrious in war and peace, and whose name and fame are a priceless heritage to the State of South Carolina and more especially to the Capital of the State, the scene of the happiest moments of your life, of your most heroic sacrifices and most memorable ach ievemen ts. "I am confident that I speak for all the good citizens of this Common wealth, when I say that it is their desire that your honor the Centennial with your presence and deliver the ora tion. Trusting that the committee will have the pleasure of a favorable reply, I am yours sincerely and obedi Chairman Standing Committee Cen tennial Celebration." On motion of Mr. Thomas the sub committees were instructed to organize at once and report progress to the next meeting of the standing committee, which has determined to meet at half past 5 o'clock every Monday afternoon until the preparations have been com pleted. The sub-committee have been granted the use of the council chamber for their meetings. Sheriff Rowan was elected unani mously a member of the standing c.nnmittee. The members of the committee spe'tk with enthusiasm of the success of the undertaking, and will carry the project forward with the assurance that the people of Columbia and the State are with them socially, fi nain ciallIy and patriotically. Roses for a Pretty Girl. LNew York Times.] A certain young man in New York went out to call the other evening upon a young woman of h's acquaintance whom he especially delighted to honor. He was quite a young man, aud his ex perience with florists had been neither deep nor varied. It occurred to him, however, oh this particular evening to stop at a flower merchant's and choose some blossoms for the pretty girl to word whose home he was wending his war. "Give me a bunch of roses," he said earlessly to the man of nosegays. "Yes, sir; how many please?" "Oh, a couple of dosen or so." "In a fewv moments they were ready, and the pnrchaser was feeling in his vest pocket for a two dollar bill to pay for them. "How much?"' he asked before the bill made its appearance. "Eigh teen dollars, sir," replied the florist's assistant, with what, his hearer said afterward, seemed diabolical glit ness. The young man felt giddy for a me. ment. He had unwittingly selected roses that were 7.5 cents apiece. But, as has been said, he was very young, and it seems to him a very serious thing to go down before that flower clerk. So he paid his money and took his bouquet. "And," he says, "I spent the next hour watching a pretty girl nibble and chew up $18 worth of roses." You can be cheerful and happy only when you are well. If you feel "out of sorts," take Dr. J. H. McLean's Sarsa parillhi ABOUT COTTON MILLS. Their Management Requires Brain Work: Of No Ordinary Capacity. [Augusta Chronicle.] There are mills and mills. Yarn mills and cloth mills. Yarn mills and varise ty yarn mills. Sheeting mills, check mills, fancy mills and combination"' mills, all requiring grades of skill:in their management as diflbrent as-are the mills themselves. Running asheet ing or shiring mill, spinning, perhaps,' one number of warp and two of filling, . and weaving the tree into as many dif ferent grades of cloth, is one thing. Running a combination mill, making . forty or fifty different grades of brown goods, and two or three hundred differ ent weaves and patterns of fancies, from twenty-five or thirty differbnt numbers of warp and filling, is an other. The first is about as easy of accomplishment compared with the last as rolling off a log is compared with jumping from a balloon half a. mile from terra firma. The first is simply a question of keep ing half a dozen different thingi straight without any attempt what. ever at an introduction of new grades. The last is a succession of changes, ne cessitating on the part of the superin tendent an intimate aud infinite acquaintance with twists and drafts, and plys and-reeds and harness, and no guess work in it, either. The first is a specialist, if you will it, in the initiatory stages of cotton manufacture the last is a graduate in the all around achool of experience. The sheeting mill makes no changes for a 1000 yard order, nor for less, per haps, than a million yards; and if, in the case of such a change, the warps of the first set may be a little too narrow, there is enough of the order to make, to enable the "width sufficient" goods to be worked off "two cuts to a bale, where they will never be found." The combination mill takes an order for 1000 yards of fabric, when shadea and colors, weave, construction,weight and width must be 0. K. first pop, or constitute so much dead or depreciated stock until next season. Such being the case, it is evident that not only must the superintendent of a"combina tion mill be a man of intimate acquaint ance with the various manufacturing processes, with all the data for such a variety of work at his fingfis' enids, bnt the official of the company, be he preair dent or treasurer, or both, who -fixes the money value of the product, must be a man of particularly good judgment in the details of the business, or quota tions, asked for almost daily, would seldom be satisfactorily given. In sell ing the product of such a mill, a thous and and one things "bob up serenely" to confront and confuse, that in a sheet ing mill only, are never thought of. Little things require calm, deliberate - judgment and consideration before they will down. To keep a combination mill of 1000 looms goii.g righ t along, and to dispose of the product at remunerative prices .~ requires brain work of no ordinary capacity. Either position-that -is, either that of superin+endent or that of z president of such concern, is pretty apt to partake of the nature so often de scribed as "midway between the devil f and the deep sea." Compared to these, either position in a sheeting mill is all most a sinecure. Then, another thing, the help of a sheeting mill are more easily kept than -- are the help of a combination mill. - Orders come along to the latter at good I prices, but involving a new departure in the construction of the goods. Ordi narily, the management can afford to pay a good price for weaving, much better, perhaps, than is being paid for the grades there in operation. The weaver, however, never stops to prove the earnings the new cloth will afford, nor even to consider the l)rice in any way. "It's something new," "never saw it before," "doesn't know if he can run it," and without trying to do so puts on his coat and hat and crosses the street to the next place where he knows his services will be eagerly ac cepted and goes to work foi- less wages. Hundreds of times have I seen that little tableau not only here in the South, but in the North, too. Yes, running a combination mill demands executive and administrative and technical talent of no ordinary calibre, and yet, strange to say, like editing a newspaper, every typo thinks he "can do it" better than the man who is doing it. Considering the fact that variety and combination mills are long steps in ad vance in Southern development they have done well in every way. Ten years from now they will be more com mon in the South than they are to-day. Then the pioneers in the business will be reaping the harvest of dividends whilst a good many of the prese,nt sheeting mills wiil have been frozen into experiments in the direction of combination mill just as the present successful Southern sheeting mills froze Eastern mills to the same ultimatum. Two Professions. lIE. "You ne'er can object to my arm round your waist And the reason you'll readily guess; I'm an editor. dear, and I always in sist On the "Liberty of the Press." sH E. "I'm a minister's daughter, believing in texts, And I think all the newspapers bad; And I'd make you remove your arm were it not You were making the waist place glad." [G.E.Thro.op inZIfe.