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WAGE Shall they be determined by industrial Warfare or Federal_inquiry? To the American Public: Do you believe in arbitration or indus trial warfare? The train employes on all the railroads are votingwhether they will give thei leaders authority to tie up the commerce of the country to enforce their demands for a 100 million dollar wage increase. The railroads are in the public service your service. This army of employes is in the public service-your service. You pay for rail transportation 3 billion dollars a year, and 44 cents out of every dollar from you goes to the employes. On all- the Southern railroads in 1915, seventy-five per cent of the train employes earned these wages (lowest, highest and average of all) as shown by the payrolls Passenger Freight Yard Range Average Range Avnrag I Range Average Engineers . $197 1916 $156 3810 $2306 350 $1916 y? $1566 Conductors 152 1847 1353 1580 705 1245 2696 2358 17,949 Firemen 943 1209 649 979 406 1652 1638 1302 Brakemen. 95 1109 755 958 754 9 1736 1854 1405 990 The average yearly wage payments to all Southern train em ployes (including those who worked only part of the year) as shown by the 1915 payrolls were Passenger Freight Yard Engineers . . . . . . $2144 $1712 $1313 Conductors . . . . . 1723 1488 1157 Firemen . . . . . . 1096 865 688 Brakemen. . . .. . . 1013 845 868 A 100 million dollar wage increase for men in freight and yard service (less than one-fift' f all employes) is equal to a 5 per cent advance in all freight rates. The managers of the railroads, as trustees for the public, have no right to place this burden on the cost of transportation to you without a clear mandate from a public tri bunal speaking for you. The railroads have proposed the settle ment of this controversy either under the existing national arbitration law, or by refer ence to the Interstate Commerce Commis sion. This offer has been refused by the' employes' representatives. Shall a nation-wide strike or an investigation under the Gov ernment determine this issue? National Conference Committee of the Railways ELISH A LEFE, Chairman. A. S. aGIEF, ,,,..,a ner..h'..,., P. Ri AIiuti(;ilr C.,n'i .lfhnoger, C . ot. & San Fran ,i ro italiroad. eL tr W. ltllWN e crg ta nr~r, Aiehlaan, 'Togwka & Santa Fe iliilwayp. C. L. ltAil)D, can't Manager, Wari. nllke riliioad. New York, New Eluven & nartford illroad. N.). ia'Veint Wuw H a rtviie Suh arlia P.1~ ciW~V.,E,. W'e.raleg . SIKES PrsidOlt a~en .J'e. Aw~,r h.irh girade insttuti fo yuniig iiwomen. Msi.i Dometiay Science it.iPhsica Cl .W.treti, t.We*l endoed. Ne bu ildg, md' I,..&Coder Anag, and~jsk upto-d atewa. Worh o e e alf-ilin.Sea artagland outho Cawsrina.t E. SKES W.rGARETTDen Ao o hihea d insitip oryongwoen Corss eain tte rsiveaou acaeic, udgs.ytr Muic oTsbhced 4stnar Physial Centhnng-oi tue.WelRndwe.e'S buiTlcings moN3drnvsu and uptoThate.t' orp aaercethe b h lf-ilon bulSthe y Fotctaoganbo of vrie rte orutanchdr,, S.W ARET en A TRELESS WAR The Uwrmirfj SZ e Btw.ee tMo Sea and the Sh.. VICTO EES CN BOTH SEDES, Some.tirne-s tho Ccoan Laslha i:s Way Thrt.r;h R.cky Cliffs, and &ame. times the Wind and Land Combinn to FAt the Billws &a(k to Defeat. It Is a trute 1ss war that the water. of th% worl tue alig a:ga2ist Its i2lnds. .lohn Oliver La'oie. asINdb-t1. editor of tihte N:atioal Gevgrahie :lh. St elety, las prepa. red for that insttu tion a study of this strik:ing stiru , betwvcen the earth111 2a.1'*the sea with the shoIres linets ot' Ihe w vohrlb as t he 1fia Iilung tlieater of war. \ eter ta liniog *ieu:tdtn i t the fact that the provss es which have tra: for11ed( the polar reglonls from2 tiot'. ; Jungles of tropical g'owith into litanil of pe rpetual i ce inod snow , w hit h hav t brou)4ghL the lops of' liuotnitains to tIte bottoin of the sea and1 the Iottom oI the sen to tihle tops of 1n0111211iuS. are still going cu. iltitutglh tle ha tds upolt the fie of the 'lock of gefology movo so slowly that We enl11not pcrcelv1e their tuovernent, .\lt. La~orce con t inmues: "A (. lon e' c'oast line on the ftace of tlle earth there is Iperpet1al wa Iare betttween the h~ual an1l the sea. withi the w\1ind ats the si ifiilug 1ine, now throw. ing its weight .ilt itiblance off th' Onte Sthle and01 now 1on the other. Iitre the land is taking the off11en1sive, dri vinig. the( sea imek"I foot by foot, I aays with the idtil of the : ind; ther., the sea mlar-' shais it great de:ve :uiii cats its way lwari d V.J ,lowlly :nd2 blaboriously, but littL' the less suet ossi ally. "The vw\arying fo"rtuntes oft this rt~lent less :anl : e Iotg wor which ueltlher' .nlru's f1ow tIreatl w fll -ver hiing to nii endl cant be rl inl th shtiftintg sanids of the seashore. At manyut points atlong the t uast of it n0or'thelastetn states are found bdbl clih's, and the entargi ng sear atttacks the';n wtith the shot and shell of loos'e shinlel. Soite of themu hiow ofloe:ttgt.i~mfleu 11vever. atre adlanuitut and fimlpregttable in their frontal fitllIt Uhl f t tle hlhl out aLtin tst t s0i'st siete, but I etweenl theta have occurred streftches of softer rock whlkh have beven literally pound. ed to dust by the ov3e1nn's heavy artil 1ry, thus permitting 1lanik attacks on the hiitherto uncolquered lefeuses. "Along the southeastern coast. how ever, the rock bound clif lis the excep io011 and the long stretches of glittering sand the rutle. hlere the sandy beach reaches out farther and farther into the sear, and the water is thus emabled to penetrate farther and farther Into the la1nd( because the a1ttck of the sea is usually a frontal movement and that of the fand frequently at wedge attack. 'T'hus we can account for the iong straight shore on the one hand and the split on the other. "The fornation of the be:tch immnedii ately guarded by the ('ape Hlenry light is not chlaIg!ng so raphily 21s is the case only at few mriles fln either side be cause of its somewhat irotected posi tion, di to the m any sand bar.-: o' reefs far out frmuil sho'e whiichi, acting :as the ilrst trenlches, serve to break th sharge of the white h'o'se, f I'':tther Neptune as5 thley da~shl inl from tihe (((ean, 22nd,211 because2t' this11 knowledget of I efense~t) biy tilt defenderl since thet (Ji 4 list wVe erected. "'Itockawayn be't. iion l1' ui5:2011 grows wes5 tar 2(1 the 212'ate If Ie2.:y a1 mlile ever'y twenlty year's. At NaIg I10ead, N. C., th huld. 1( ihas' (etende into thle self Ift fte'l rt of' tihity-five f'eet a year. In1 W i Dlr. NahIo~el 1 fowudithre pared311 'tt LI eh1:2 rl oi' f 11alem soudinh~ gs3 over varI'lIliou ioges oft rolck. Ninety yeartfIs Iater' sin111111b 522r ( soundgs were~ talken, 12itd1 in aill ca2sels thle wat~er Was ilfoud to ibe conl)elljIi~'leeler', once agoa1n tellIig tile Ial of endle121Itss wain 'lgs. '"On2 the1 shor~e of Cape~: Co I, near I Chantham II, Ite Ihand is r'eireat ing nt theIi raOte of ai foot ai year, 1m2a1 on1 the south1. ('Il shlore o1 f 2arth1s Vline(yard it is~ givin~g up1 the fighlt to tilt enem'11y at tile rafto of' three' feet ever2y welve mo1nths11, while 01n tilt soulthern face of' Nan-. tucket tile retrea2t has1 bieen as5 muIIch as six feet a yeari, tihe records tell us. "12n Its inlcessanlt wafare~l't aigalust tilt land tilt sea1 llterally tafkes its ca1p turied hosts and1 Kl mkes them21 do battle under its commanl12d. TheII bowiders thagt are shattered from theo face of a clifl' are dashed up1 agahllst it aIgain anud aigain, hammelllring Others loose, tihe Wile bleing wVorn round andt smlooth as5 tile projectie of big guns5 mu1st be. As the process goes 0n thlese huige shells are worn down and crumbled UnI til thlere remlalns nothin~g to tell the story of forced fightinlg against their OWnI stronighold save grains of sand on somel distant beach or tile soft carpet spread uIpon the floor of tile sea many213 fathloms deep). "11ow rapidly thisg process goes on1 is somnetmes strikingly shiowni. A schoon1. er laden witih briecs is beacedt on1 somle bar1Ie shore inI a storm11. TheIse bricks art' rol led and1( tuinled a diis. talne ofr live mile1s Of' so in tile course5 of a year, and11 by that timne attritionl 11a2 uIsualily comlpieted its work. Au. thi'ties say3 thaIt (il thle shore's of Cape Ann a fragment of stone as bIg as a nail keg has been worn1 comlhete ly round by Its Ccnlstant turniung durIng the0 course of but flye years.'' A propensity to hope and joy Is real riches, one to fear and morrow real povert7.-.Hnmalb HISTORY AS IT IS TAUGHT. A Ploa Por Really Neutral Textbooks In Evry Country. Iliu'y In e"Ory counJ1tjry Is'so tagti its to nnv~igilfy tait M mntry. Children e'rn to K'Thae iu that theIr own cotuitry bas bcef) ru1'wyiss in the right anrd al. luost tilwilys ritoirious, that it has pro d(tieve B.ltaot all the great mnn ani that it is hi till 1'esil'cts supIerhIur to all cttrer coultries. Sluce these bo. lhefs are ibn.tierhig they are easily ab ortbed and ii'lly ever dislxlged frotn InIStilt by later kniowledlge. To take a s'iij:I anld almost tri-hil examlen : Tire facts about the battle of Waterkoo are known hi great detail and with minute accurney, but the facts as taught in elementary schools will be widely different 111 England. Perance an11l Gierinauny. The ordin-ry l nglish Iboy linagites that the Prus ilas played hardly any irt; the ordi. airy Gerimn boy innr1gines that Vel lin'-ton w is 1u-tically defea1ted when the day was r'etrieved by ilusher's gil. lantry. If the f-ts w e're tWight a. cur'ately in bi, thi Eo)lutiies ntational prble w1")t]id not le fosrtered to the watre eilenIt. neither nation would feel so certain of victory in the event of wallr and the willingniess to light w"oul1 be dininishiied. ft is this result whilch ha to be pre. vented. IEvery sta't 'wislies to foster national pride anl is conscious that this cannot be done by unbilased iis tory. 'The derenseless children are taught by distortionus and supprissions and Suggestlons. The false Ideas as to the history of the World which are tauglbt in the Var'ious; countries are of i kind which fosters strife and serves to keep alive a bigoted init ionitsali. if good relationt bet ween states were desireid one of the fi'st steps ought to I be to suinljt :ll teaching of history to iln init.rn:atiointl co10uission which shoul plrtluc e nelit ntl te'x tlX)oks free from the Init rl:otle bias which is noV den:anded everylh'lere.-13ertrand Rus-i. sell inl Atan ie Monthly. SCENIC BEAUTY OF ALASKA. A Grand Panorama That Reaches Its Climax In Mount McKinley. A c(ar'eflI reading of lit erature per. taining to Aiskat prepared toue in part for what the Journey \was bound to dis. close, bit s0eing is the only sense that cll give knowlodge arnd scutre apri)e clation of the grandeur, the sublilty, the faseintilg beauty of liountain, seat, stlean, iord. falls. islands, for ests, cloud and tile glorious color ef fects Whlich the da;:.ling rays of the s1un bring Into existence. In connee. tioti with all these is a .land of en. chantlment for all who love and canl ap. preeiate nature. Cook inle., with its arms nid reach. es, hats 1nany11 bweildering chinnels, re. suiting froin the nunierous rugged is. laids. The forbidding and enibattled shores rising 1nto lofty mountains and at present swat hel in whiite alinost to the water's edg possess a virility, a grandeur and subiiility which require the Inost poetic linagination and most facile pent even faintly to portray. The grand panor1na:3 reaches its cllinax In .oit .McKinley, Inonarch of the Norti AnlIerica oitinent. With its altitude of 2O.-(4) feet it stands aloine in lofty pride and is distinctly visible froin the vessel nlotwirthslading the v ery great di!stance. 'Tills fact well establishes the qiuality of the clarilied annl llViolrating atinosphiler'e or this far 3't ir coutry '3. be:uty would searicely serve as a pro hide to thle sitrpaptssinig granlldeur' antd Ioveliness of 113e 33n13ny thousand1 Is lhids that3. adorn ihe 3,K%0 iilles or A lsktan coast. Tlhe tllords of' Norwayo thle arf1an iledl glaeiers of' Switz/erland, eaut ('o3nare 30witih their'. couniter Parts to be Ioianal inl Ailak: lai 1113 boer, var'iety, size, color elfect and all the luzalitles that3 give charm to these w~orks of 11tilre.-lIon. A. l>,arton 1101). burn in [.esle's. Eggs and Onions. If less 113ent, shl iiiiwe eat sup ierboiled eggs 111103 thie inannler of tile Albai aus? ItI testi lies to 111 he tength of' theIr anid 01 oitns ar e bi led to get her t'r abou thre1 ile hour ls dily 11 n (ten1CI suc'es slve day s, the( en :s helii slighty 13rie11k. ed aifteor etachI biill 5o tht3 thle jutlee of' thet (1311031 thorolaughly3 ierI'enle thn 13. TIhtey are)311 uliirally as ha:rd as. buillets at the 031(d of t hIs t rea tlnent, but 113 Al. bailai will bolt dIown a huge la3tfuil hlelped down, by3 lsings of' olive oil. anad thenl(il hrnior for a1 second( he'lpg. Windward and Leeward Islos. The Leewaird islands are so called because they are less exp~osed to thle prevallng niorthieast trade winid than the WVindward isinlds near by, while the Windward Islands in turn derive their nane fromn the fact that they are the most exposed to these winds of ali the Lesser Antilles. The Suro Tip. "Ilow did you get dtat new suit?" "hind a surie ti) 0on a1 horse race." "I never kniew~ one or those sure tips to pall out." "Neith~er dlid I. So I didn13't play it, l'ut the0 33noney, into tis suit instead." --Louisville Courier-.Journiai. A Boost. "Do yotu tinkli you can get alonlg on my salatry of fourteen a weekg" "Whiy, cer'talily, dlovey. As an altlowv. aunce now lutlpa 0only gives mec ten." Loulsville Couriler-Journal. Tropical Vegetation. Freshly cut fenceposts anid telegraph poles often start growving again when set up in the tropics, and vine roots of. ten disrupt masonry. SBE" OLD AN . )ENLESS IS A 1PAGEDY ii ' AR E YOU PUTTINC ONEY IN THE ANK FOR THE~ L O)ECE MBER F YOUR d4 / 3 \ "; ,' r i 01. There is nothing rnore pitidI than the s ght of OLD AGF entirely dependent on the ass stnr.e and charity of others. Yet. many go , Ja after day, week after week, letting money slip through their fingers that they shcA:! bo :1r'g t:r in the bank to keep ther comfortable a..d ir.depenernt when their EARNNG POE' lEg.R o ,s zne: Why dofnt YOU start a bank accouf(NOW? 'YJR Ba nk Y( l ' . Enterprise Nationa! Bank o Lre N. R. DIAL, Pros G. H ROPE, R>.Kr FIFTEENTH ANN UAL EXCURSION TO VIA C.1N.& L. and SEABOARD FRIDAY, JULY 28 The Following Rates and Schedules will apply: Lv. Columbia Gervais St. Station 11:25 A. M $3 50 Kinard ..1 P. M 8 0 Goldlville 1;;P ... 80 Laurens.........22P.....0 Clinton.. . -2* .M 0 ARRIV ATLNTA .0 P. M. ARIATLANTA 8.00ana83 P .Wensa AugstM.d Tickdetslte for rtun ual n a Agt at 1916 meTiokedtat go v renn nalrglrtan E. A. TARER, C. A. J. S. ETCHEBERGER, T. P. A. (. N. & L. Railway Seaboard Air Line 1120 Taylor Street 1440 Arcade, Phone 574 Columbia, S. C. Columbia, S. C KEEP .BLACK' YOUR WHITE SHOES TAN NEAT 4 rSeHOE lahradm Pourshoe tlne.TES