The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, July 28, 1915, Image 1
LUMB XXXI. -
LAURENS, SOUTH CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1915. NUWMB P
.-- ~ -- R
'AY Of R[JOIN.G
HRN[D TO MORNING
Big Passenger Ship Sinks
Drowning Picnickers
HICAGO DOCKS
SCENE OF TRAGEDY
Steamer Eastland Sinks fi Chicage
River WhIM Its Deck Crowded Witti
Workmen Golng -on Holiday Excur.
slon. Cause of Sinking Undetermin.
ed.
Chicago, July 24.-Approximatcly
1,000 persons lost their lives in the
Chicago River today by the capsizing
of the excursion steamer Eastland,
while warping from its wharf with
more than 2,400 employees of the Wes
tern Electric Company and their rola
tives and friends oil board, bouid for ia
pleasure trip across Nalce MichIgan.
After, working ceaselessly all day
and far Into the night the bodies of
842 victims of the catastrophe, most
of thei women and children, were col
lected in temporary morgues and tak
en to the 2d regiment armoi-. Wheni
these bodies had bteii tagged Coroner
Hoffman, taking into consideration es
timates of bodies thought to be in the
hold of the steamer, lying on its.side
in the river, and in the stream itself,
saidi he believed the total dead would
not exceed 1,000.
Steamer Deelared Topheavy.
'T'lic Eastland said by marine archi
tects to have been top-heavy and bal
lasted in an uncerta in manntie r, tuirined
over inside of ive miutles after it be
gan to list. pouring its passengers into
the ver or tim prisoning them il itNS
subimerged hull.
Every effort Was made -by Ilousands
of persons on the river .wharf to res
eue [ie 'lron .lng men, Women and
relldren, but many went down almost
withiln grasp of the river bank. MothI
ers went to death, while their child11n
were snatched o1. safety. Other Chil
dcen ied in Ilie arms of their parents,
who finally were saved. Hundreds of
girls, freed foi- a day from their tasks
of- making teleplholes and other elee
trical apparatuses in the factory of the
Western Ellect-ic Comn pany, dressed in
thcir simartest whiite friocks, drowned.
A pall of sorrQw hui1ng ton1ight over
the entire West Side of Chicago, where
the majority of the Victims lived.
Every Home lit 3ourning.
Kolin avenue, a small st reet near the
factory of the Western Ellectric Coin
panyV, was in universaI mour-ning. Ev
ery house lost from one to all its occu1
pants in the disaster, and many of the
residents of this strecet tonight lay in
the morgue or beneath the steel hull
of the Eastland, over which search
lights shot their blinding glare, while,
hundreds of men searched for more
bodies.
Efforts to discover the cause of the
accident wero begun long before the
wor-k of rescue was over. Federal and
county grandh juries wvere orderec~, a
coroner-'s jui-y was imainelled~ and all
of the ofilceers and cr-ew of the East land
w'erec arr-estedl.
Wv. C. Steele, secretaryV and ti-ens
ure ofth St Jsep--hicgoSteam
shiip Company, whlo ownued the East
lanmd, huilt on L.ake Eii in 1903. and
remodlelled hater- because top-heavy, it
is said, was arirestedl tonight and~
100ck0( up at a liolltee stat ion. The
steamer was leased by the Indiana
Transportat ion Comnpany, who~se of
tleer-s said( they wer-e not irespioiisibile
foir thle Ileenislig of [lie slip anil dlhl
not control the crew.
U~h~m- mIsty skies 7,000 men, women
and childi-cn went to the Cltar-k stri-et
(lock early todlay to ill flive large lake
steamci-s withI hotliday mlrt h In a irl
to Micehigan City. The steamer 10ast
land w'as the fir-st to lbe ioaded.
IRain began to fall as the whlarf sup
er-intend~ent lifted the gangplanks fr-om
the Eastlandl, dleclaring that tie (ov
cirnment limit of 2,500 p~assenigers had
been i-cached.
Eastlanud Fails to 3Move.
'The pascengers swarmedl to the left
side0 of the ship ats the other steami
eurs drew up tho river towards the
wharf. A tug wvas hitched to the East
land, ropes wore ordered cast off and
the steamer's engines began to ham
Tjhe 1Dastland had not budged, how-.
ever.
Instead the heavily laden shIp wa
-vered sidowlso, leaning first towards
the river bank. The lurch, wna so
MIS. J. M. WATSON DEAD.
Sister of the Messrs. 1ayes, of This
City, Died in Greer.
Mrs. Elizabeth lHayes Watsons aged
22 years, died at hor home in Greer
Th ursday night. She was the siser
of Meqrs. M. L. and C. 1-1. lla yer, of
this city and they attended the futier
al services. She had been ill several
weeks of typhoid fever. The body was
interred at Mountain View cemetery
Saturday, Rev. N. J. Holmes, conduct
ing the services. Mrs. Watson was a
member of the Methodist church and
was a consecrated, Christian young
woman.
She is survived by her husband. .1.
M. Watson, two small children, her
parents and the following brothers
and sisters: AlrIis. Isom Blake, of
Toccoa, Ca.; 'Miss Clara Hayes. of
(reer; lmessrs. 1. [J. and C. I. Hayes,
of .this city; W. M., V. A. and John
laes, of Greer.
The .lessrs. layes have the sympa
Ilhy of their friends here in their great
bereaventenit.
Enlterlutiment it Cray ('ourt-Owings.
A musical recital, with reading, will
be given at the Gray Court-Owings
school building Friday evening, July
30th. at 8:30 o'clock. One of the most
attractive features of the program will
he tho violin selection by Master Wil
llan Thomas Truesdaie, of Sumter,
who is but eleven years of age. Every
body is invited to attend. The admis
Sion wvill be 10 cents.
startling that many passengers joined
the large concourse alre'ady on the
river side of decks.
The ship Iever heeled back; it. tu
ed-stowly, but steadily, toward its (
side. Clild''en eliuteled tile skirts of
mothers and sisters to keep from fall
lug. Water began to enter lower ioit
hiole.; and tle hawsers tore out the
c'kes to which the vessel was tied.
Screais from lassengers attraeild
the at tention of foliow exrsilonist.s
o: the dock aw:lt ing the niext steamer.
Wharfmen and pies'kers soon liled
he edge of ilie emiihkment, reaching
oilt. liplessly tovards he waverinii ig
steamer.
For nearly five minutes t'i ship
1urn led before it finally (dived uider the
swift current of the river. During the
listing of tlie. vessel lite boats, cha irs
and other loose appirt enances on the
(ecks slipped (lown the slopting loors.
crushing the passengers towards the
rising waters.
Then there was a plungo, with a sigh
of air escaping from the hojjiningled 0
with crying of children and shrIeks 1
of women, and the ship was on the bot- 1
tom of the river, casting hundreds of t
living creatures to the water- t
Grab AInytIhiii11 lg Rtach.
Many sank, entangled with clothIng
and bundles, and did not rise, but hun- i
dreds came to the surface, seized C
floating chairs and other objects. Per- 11
sons on slorq threw out ropes and c
dragged in those who could htold these
life lines. Employees of commission
firms along the river threw crates,
chicken coops atnd other floatable 01)
jects Into the water, but most of these
wvere swept awvay by the current.
floats put ouit, tugs rushed to the e
scene with shirickinig whistles and cs
many meni jum~iped into the rivetr to atid e
thie drowning. With thousands of slpec
tators readly to aid and the wharf wlth- 3
in gras i, httnd reds went to deatb hde
spite eveiry erffort at rcuett.
One mtot her graspted her two (hildren01
In her armts as she sl Iped from the 3
st eamer in to thle, wateri. Otto child
was totrn from hietr, bitt site and thIto
(other were satved. F'athers wer'e
drowned after aiding their wives and .
dlhildrienl to safety.
Otne tmat was seen to eilang to a sptikhe
in the side of the whitrf, while two wo
men~t and1 thr tee ehild1rcn stepipled uploni
hIs biody~ to safety. tie fell exhaustedI
1tnto the iver as the last one of thle liver
irenehed thle 1pier.
Instances of hierolsm weire almost as
numerouts asa thle ttumiber of petsonts on
the scee. Iloats as soon as funll took
rescuied passengers to the wharf or to
the stea metr Theodore Roosevelt, whilh
was tiled ttp opposite (lie Eaistlan~.
Bodies Flont lug Doiwn liiver.
In an hotur the wvater wvas clear'ed of
excur'slonists. Th'lose who had not been
taken to land htad stink ot' were *swirl- h
inig down the rilver towards the driaiin~ S
age canal locks at LockportI. IllInois, ~
many miles awvay. TVhe locks were rais
oel to stop) (lie currenOit, and arrange-g
mients were mado to take bodIes frotm
te river along its course through the
anouthwent nart of Chicago.
* ARE YOU 10
Septemiber tile 14*th is eleeti
iied vNoters-.; of South Carolin
east their ballots for State-v
PrOlibitiont Coniti tee of Lai
tenitionl to the fadt, that if you
do so Monday, Tuesday or We
book.i will be open at the Cour
COUNTY COR
nteresting Letters Received
munities of Laurens (
Happenings in Differeni
(ENTER POINT NEWS.
Mrs. Nannie Tharpe of Savannall
'a., is'visiting her sister, Mrs. M. L. C
blore.
miss Rosalee Godfrey an(d brothleii
hary, visited in tle home of Mr. .1. L
tribling, Sunday.
Aliss Mayne Miller has returnet
Iomc after a pleasant visit to Laurem
nd other pilaces.
Messrs. James McPherson, Oscar
'tribling, visited in the Mt. Pleasant
ection, Sunday.
Little Misses Mildred, Anice and Wil.
Iar lePhieison and brother, Irvin
isited their aunt, Mrs. V. I. Miller
lie (lay last week.
Among those visiting at Mil-. M. L. C
loore's Sunday were: M1r. 1'. I
loore from Laourens, M.r. FIank Wil
um1 is from Ware Shoals andli Mr. G
V. .\oore anld family.
ir. Sai ielcey of Ware Shoals, vis
led inl Ilete home of Mr. E. M. El mort v
undail~y.
A. . Jim .\iller atte'nded ChiIldr II
)ay at AIdIrews Chappel in Gr'ein.
mood voutity, Sat urday, and repots t
ie time.
This community Is. very sadi ovei
Ie deathi1 of .\Mr. Johni K. MclPherson.
'he bereaved family have our deepesl
POPLR.\t SPRIN( NEIWS.
Ioplar Spring, July 21.-We are
tee(ding rain very hadly, having hat
one to) aiounot to anylh iig since th
0th inst. .ve rythinlug is needing iaini
ut especially old corn ad gardens
The imelbers of Poplar Spring
hurch are making some much need
d repairs oin the church building
aving recovered it some time ago
oilt. a reess for tile plpit, swung
lie roof and removed the posts from
lie aisles, put In some more windows
Aidened the front doors with concretc
tells at each door, and are nolv having
lie Interior painted. We think a good
hurch building, and a nice school
ouse in a community is an indication
f the progressiveness of its inhabi
ints.
Mr. Jas. W. Simpson is making 3im
rovements on his dwelling, having
-recovered andi building an addihtion
1 by 28 feet.
Thiursday next is set as the .d(ay to
leani off the cemetery at Poplal
larinlg. All interested are askedl to
on.c and( assist.
Mr. Pani Washington anld his sister,
liss Nannie, of the .\ltI. Olive sectIon,
ere the guests of Miss lKatie G. Pitts
esterday.
.\lrvs. Lou .Joncs of near Greenwood,
frs. Sal lie SI immlons of Ilal s, Mrvs.
essie li iord( froml near D Ionaldis,
[rs. Dr. .J. L. Don nani and daught ers,
l isses IHeatrilce and Elthid, and Mr.
A. Sinoon is and wife, weore thle
iests of Mr'. and Mrs. .1. P. Simmons
tst Sa turday.
Mliss A gnes S1imp sonl. whoI) ~ ha beeni
IsitIing at Grveen ville, Thigersv ill e a nd
liani, retuiriled homne last Friday andio
3iported a fine tIme.
Mrii. and Mr's. W. S. Walker' are
pending a week with Mrs. Walkher's
a tents, Mir. a nd Mrs5. Thlomas Nor
tan and othter r'elat ives at and~ niearI
Mi'. W. D). S'. wvas telling of thec
utfnbcle ce cottoal in last week's Ad
oirtiser. Y'our cor'respondIent in go
ug fr'om hlomle to Mr'. J1. C. Martin's
ost Saiturdaiy saw whlat must have
flen the Humble flee variety of corn,
)tml of the tassels being not over two
oet from the ground.
Mr. and( Mrs. S. 1E. Cooper neroe the
Liests of Mrs. Cooper's mlothecr, Mrs.
asephine Southl, yester'day.
The Hickory Tavern ba.oe ball toam
meo over and crossed hna wvith the,
ENG TO VOTE"?
dy. Onl that day thle qlual
1 Will have an opportullity to
'ide prohibition. The Central1d
rells JCotinty desires to call at
lave Inot registered YOU M.\UST
inesday of NEXT W E EK. The
t House those days only.
RESPONDENCE
from Correspondents in Com
.ounty, Telling of Important
Neighborhoods.
Poplar Spring nine last uaturda,
wiilih resulted in a vicory 1 for the
holie teaiml. The Score bei 19 to
I i i lavor of Poplar Sipring.
Two youing Mr. Lanigston's, .\Irs.
\bralml's bro hers, were the guests of
Mr. and .\lrs. 1'. S. Abrais Saturiday
'inid Sunday.
Miss iElien Abrams, who la- becil
at Rock IIll f6r t le pat ix week.- mt
attendance u the 111 tlsullt(r schail,
r uleed home Saturd y.
Me ;. ' ssie Dodsoni ->f Go'elnville,
who has been visiting rela tives in this
coillillity for soile tio rIc tuneil
home Saturday.
\lr. and Mrs. Ed. l1urgess ;ienf, tihn
day with I1rs. S. F. Walker yesterday.
Mi. and Allr;. A. C. Solih and faniily
wer. Ihe giestq ol. .\1:. an i I .l'.. .I. Al.
lidw SundarL.
.Mir. Zefr.v .\an ; ol, \V -.' Ila hoils
v!s-ited ;'..;sse , \ .yig ,s i
.RS H'ILLSN E1 .NEWS.
C(o.es lill, . July :;.l'ho revival
Ci e ig w I hich began i here at the i ap
listel chirch oni ihe third liul miay, clos
eel this, .lonlay, lmiorlil:ng. Ic,. .odis
.1. ll-iitow of Abbeville did lhe preach
ing. . Mr. lBristow is a quiel. bu1t Illost
earnest all clear speaker and present;
thle gospel truthl w\ith muich intere~cst
and force. l'very one enjoyed Ile
prcac hi ng service. There we.re several
Colversions. ( and additions to the
chuchl id (Ito 111(ad hem bershlip Wer1e
s;trenlgthened and cneouralged ior bet
Ier service.
The next socilal event for Cross ]ill
will lbe ile eMGowan fa mlily reullnioll
next Tuesday, Aug 3rd, to which every
next, Tuesday. The Illeeting will be
hield at. L*iberty Springs Presbyterian
church, and a pielic dinnlier \ will bo
served. All are expected to bring
baskets of good eatables. The local
committee have arranged the following
program:
Welcome address, Dr. John If. 11l
ler.
The McGowan Family In Peace and
War, Admiral ISamnuel McGowan.
William McGowan, by F. P. Mccow
an.
Gen1. Sam McGowan, b~y WV. C. Mc
Glow~an.
Anacdlotes of Gen1. Samn McGowvan, by
I ion. T'. P. Cothrlan.
I lomter IL. .\le(owani, b~y Pat. I I. Me
Giowan.
Johin .1. Mlc(owan, by Johin .1. .\le..I
Swa In.
Alexander MlcGowvan, by3 WX. ii. .\e-.
(Gowan.
Wm'I. C. .\let owani, by ChistkIie llen
iet t.
J. C'. .\cGowan, by WV A. Mlc8wain.
Th'lei MGow"ani Womien, by .\la ry
Nance 1)aniel.
1Liberty3 Spin gs (Churchel, by .\lrs. WV.
TI. Austin.
[tefoire the rogram in s finailly Con
Pleted it. Is prnobabtle that t here will be'
skcetche's 0of othler membersni' of thle famI
113' antheir lC~ coneet ions. A good day
is antic'ipated and~ the reuniioni is ex
Ilected to he We'il at tended.
Rev. anld Mrs. Jlas. 1E.- Bradley of
31lOntlel lo, (:a., are vlsit ing theIr moth11
cr, Mirs. lloyee ande ot herI relIn ves.
Mr.Let tie WXa Ilke has 'riece oed
fromi her reCent sick ness and1( is no0w
spiending somue timie with her sisltr,
Mrs. Virnginila Nelson, of A bevi lie.
M1iss M\ay Arnold otf Greenville, is
vilsitinog the Misses liryson and1( othier
friends lierie.
Messr's. J. HI. Riasor and~ R. A. lloyee
spent last week among the invigorat
lng mountaIns of North Carollna.
Mrs. .Joe A. Gunthrie and son, .James,
have gone to Lynchburg, Va., to visit
r'elatives and to enjoy the whiolesomei
(Cotinuied on Page 41.)
LYON EJECTED
FROM TAX HEARING
Asistant .ttorniey General Domiinck
Objected to his A ppearaince Without
.Plrevions (onstiltaton.
The injunction proceedIngs In the
a1ses Of the l'eoples bantk of Green
ville, the National Loani & 10jxchange
bIank of (dreen wood, and W. T. halley,
>f (ri'eenwood, agaInst the state tax
201miIilssion, held here Thursday after
ioon betfore A'soeiate Justice It. C.
Watts, took a rather sensational turn
when Assistant Attorney Geieral
Domilnick ohjeeted to file association
In the case of J. Fraser Lyon, em
ployed ly the governor and the (ialr
man of the tax commissioi without
non.sttitng the attorney general's of
fice.
The court sustained the position of
the attorney general andot Mr. Lyon
took no ur11'r part iIn tile proceel
ings. The attorineys for thu. coiny-lin-i
ts and the itant allorney gen
Oral pre.-ented voliiiliious arguments
for and againist, the issulance of the
injunlct Ion.
.ludl Wat.-t took the mattier 1ini
der ad viset and stated that he
Wouild hand dowi his order as soon
as pract icale, intimat ing that. it
would be donle within a few days.
The oplainanits were represeit
ed by 11'. 11. Crier, of G rein wood, and
T. I'. Cothran, of (Ireenville. .I\r.
l)onitinick appe, a red alone for Ihe state.
The incident of .\lr. Lyon'.st elim i nai
in from the 'ase at this time was
the more drantiIc beeatise of Its sud
denilness. .\l,. ILyon had apprised the
court of* his co nuissnion Inl a:f1
word.-, whlen fil aistant attorney
gen'e1rai abrily vatoe ai nwuih oh
jceioll to 1lht :lipearance of the en
ci.al atti ev 'n1 11-o cae onl (!I(
rot(il <t la, of bI::1 author -n11d
Ih(w embarrasso 1.ent it m11fight c.:os th1o
rtatI e's intI er ~t ...\l M . I llinik made
IIh# podint 11ha1 if wn: il preroval'ive
of the ati oi' ney1 ' . eal' ofliev to( c it
dut-? the case and that ou tsido legal
sI\ i. es coilId he proeitred only uip'on
Ilhc cwoseit of, Ithat departmnti. lv.
Dcminiek stat'd that the depari tiet
ha~d inn em1-Iployed inl a1 study of th~e
cai'se and if was fully prei'parod to
l thli anwer. liu urirore, it
sa i I, the a tittorney genoral's dtilee Wa
Ile special attorney might rao'e and4
lhat, wi hout t1hIs know led, he
would not be willing to is-k the
state's intere-t.
In imakling his ruling oin the ease
.listiCe Watit (ited the law that tlh
aIfloriiey geeI:cral's otlev was empo\1w
ted e inploy ain assistant wlienever
ilie ocenAion warranted and that, wi
ouit specifie authority elsewheire, It
was the sole prerogative of the at
lorney general to epliloy help. .\'.
ILyon thireipon raised the point of the
4pecial appropriation of $2,000 appro
printed by the last general assenbly
rot' legal services to be eppended by
tlie governor, but Justice Watts was
not Impressed by this contention. Mr.
Lyon iade request of the presIding
lidge that in writinig tle order in tile
ase that mont ion be maide t hat lie hiad
1 0peared( theret as thle r'etOprsentatIi vt
>f the tax cornmuissiotn and( the gover'
.\lr. D)omiinie-k as (iti(1kly re(Ittestedl
t hat It also be icluded in the ordter
hat thle attorney general 's olce hiad
'tot beeii cotisuilted abotut the matter'.
\Ir. Lyoni arost' and statetd that. in
justilee to himself, lie wished to have
it. Iicludedl that .\ir. .lont's, the tax
'omimission (cha1irmnan, ini 'm poweriing
imn hial informied hinm that thie aut
rneyio gt'eera1's ollict hadl beientuoi
'ily~ t hat 'Ir. .bines hail not1 s) re
lute~td t ha .\lri. l.yon he employed.
Ilhere was a driamtatic silenie, f'ohllow
'if shtortly at r;wards biy a furithurt
ttltment front Mir. Diominick that
both thle governior' and the chirmi'iani
)lf the tax~ commnissiton had bicen in lis
ufie anad asked~ hiIs opinion as to the (
out come oft thle (cast, buiit had tnot
madetl any requestI foir assist anote. .Mr
I yo's nam te had hee'n menti onedl. lhe
-moId, as hiaving_ been conisultIedi ablonut
lie mer itls of thle case, hit - he un
inluivocalI l eclar'ed that no requeiist
tad bieeni made of' thie attorney gen
Pral's ohlice to enigage Mr. Lyon in
the ('nne.
Rlepea ted refer'ences were niadhe In
lie tilt abhout faettial atid pol Itieal
:lIfferences. Mir. Lyon statedl that lie
was actIng only In a legal capacity
1ndt was appeailng upon what lie
~onsider'ed piropier legal authorIty. and
lhat'his alpearane in the case was
lot priomptedl by any personal or
anliten1 cnsIderations..
FR[[DOM Of S[A
MUT B[ PR[StRY[O
American Note Leaves No
Ground for Arguient
NEUTRAL RIGHTS
WILL BE PROTECTED
P'resident Wilson Seids Last Note to
Germany on Submarine Warfare, lin
Wleill Warning is Oliven 'hliat * mer.
IeaI R.ights Will be Protected at. Any
Cost. I
Washington, July 23.-Tie text of
ihe American note on suhmarine war
far e, preseilled at Berlin today bfY
Amaissadori Gerard, was maie pliblio
lin-e tolight. It reveals that, the Ini
ptrial Government had beii informed
it Is la th intention of the I'nited States
to revgaird as "deliberately in friendly'
anol ropeleition 4y the conln aia inders 1Or
('rami naval vessels of acts in con
traveniion of American rigis.
The 'ited States announces that
it will cntinue to contenild for the
i:'re'dorii of the seas "from whatever.
laair'lr violated withbout comn promise
ancd at alny cost."
In ofilvial and diplomatie quparters
11.e comminication was viewed as
he siriongest and most eipiatic )ro
il eneement liat has coime from tho
\'ash]nltoni governmiiient, since the be
itiin toof its coir'espoindce with the
! (''li'zrits or Eulrope. I'residelt
\ion retirned to Cornish, N. II., to
n! th i ' to a'it lfVd('velopments.
Fii Text of Note.
1 RT.. I'cT OF'01 STATI."
Wo!shington, .inly 21. 1915.
);it "Ir a ted to de'liver tex
l holhe follov.i'ng no1te to the min
i!er for forei!n affainrs:
Tle note of the imiiivral Cer ma1i
:-' irnen t datedI the eighthIi of July
1917. ha.; reeeived the enrlefoul consid
rtion of the goverirncent. of the
Iritecd States 1and it. regrets to bo
b'liedo tc say that it has foind it. very
unt'iactory,' imceause it fails to meet
the real differeonces betweeni the two
:ernmenliit andc ik''indient'es no wa0y it,
wlic the n'eeNpted principles of law
Ilid t loii manity m.Y I te applied In tho
4 Criv mtt i inrol I iove'sy, but niro
plees, (in the contr:iry, arrangi-.(emnts
for a partial sis po sploln of those ;nin
cires which virially set them cis ide,
'lhe government of Ilie United Sates
notes n ith satisfaelion that the jim
Seria G ,ma governmenvt recognizes
wit hout reservation tile validity of the
pI inciples insisted on in the several
commiiunications which this govern-,,,
menit. has addressed to the Imperlat
(i man government with regard to ta
annonncement of a war zone and the
us.e of ibmariines against merchant
men on the high seas-the principlo
that the high seas are free, thiat, the
character and cargo of a merchant
man must first. lie ascertained beforo
she eannh lawfully he selzed or destiroy..
cid, and that the lives of noin-combat
ants may in no case be put ini jeopardyh3
unless the v'essei iresists or seeks to
escape afteri being summoned to* snb
mitl to examination; for a helligerent
act of iralatron is peri 50 an-aiot be--,
yarnd the law, and the defense of
atias let al iactery is an admjes"
it is illegacl.
'lhe gorerinmen 'i t' f te i'esult
Is, how".everi, keen Ilnty anid itor
tiind thati thce impcer'iat of educa
cment re'yard's itself ..a fteir,
cexempt fromnc thei 4chpulla,
thrsp icriniilciles, (' ty B' oard,
Ioes arie 'oinc'ern r
li eves thle pol i(y u ar I
iivernmet ef Grter
thle Icresenit war wi"~
tra'lc enn01're.T~'u
gar id to nceutral t radC *oxdecn
aol rn mentI it self, andl that itantp
'-ar d the eoiidiit of other Jei)I
gov'eirments as Ii'reho vnt to~) a
eussion withI the im iO~aG .~'
crm ient of wha lit
gaids ast griv a1ttu~4~
lations11 of the riglt
zensii by3 Germnng
illegal and inhuidd~~.
justillable thiey
against an enoemy
have acted in coh
and humanity, ar~
sible when they
.(Continued on