Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

A PEN PICTURE OF CLEMSON COLLEGE Works for Welfare in Many Ways Picture a country estate of 1,500 acres, with stately buildings placed at priceless State and national asset, and elevated points to form a great irregu- should be a perennial source of In lar circle of half a mile in tilametor. s1iration to succeeding generations of Inclose in this circle a beautiful grove young South Carolinians who are of native oaks, threaded by smooth privileged to ive for four years in the driveways and paths and cement side- shadow of its historic walls. walks. Turn to the north and for a Many are wont to ask why the col background outline against the sky at lege (les net bear the name of Cal a distance of. 20 miles, range after hour instead of the name of his son range of mountains, the home of the In-law, Thos. U. Clemson. '1'lxe answer Highlands, of Caesar's Head, White- is that nowhere (toes it appear In the sides and other lofty peaks of the Blue records that Mr. Calhoun ever wished Ridge. Think of these mountains as or planned the erection of an iidus in summer clothed with verdure, trial and technical college on the 01d standing out black against the hors- ixonestead. The complete story of zon, and is. winter often white with Mr. Clemmsomi's part in the founding of snow. Take for the southern boun- the college is too long to be told here. dary a river of Indian lineage and follow in its sweeping crookedness the A Vast Plant. swift and turbulent Seneca as It twists The college tract contains over 1,600 this way and that to mark the confines acres. On the property, there are 23 of the estate. And to this setting add principal pubic buildings, 70 dwell broad expanses of river bottom lands lego an it m loy '101 Tecs green with corn, steep hillsides sinu ous with level grassy terraces and cool officers and klhorers. Its inventoried pastures with winding brooks and property is $1,327,728.67. The oi graceful shade trees and you have a cers ot the college send out yearly picture of Clemson College, slot col- over, 35,000 letters and over 436,000 ored to. suit the canvas of an artist, other pieces of mail natter, most of but as seen every year by nearly at which give agricultural Information. thousand young South Carolinians In adllitiop to the parent station, who seek amid these surroundings anh education that will prepare them fox'iriment stations-one near Sumixer self-respecting, self-supporting citi- yule and the otler at Florence. One zenship, more to be situated in the sad 1ill section of thme State, just as soon as A Storied Spot. funds will permit, will complete a Clemson College is a unique blond- system representing the principal soil ing of the old and the new, of the his- types of the State. tonic with the now. Just across the Td ent n 13 o 31, rga road from the cadet dormitories, which every session house over 800 there were but two courses of study young men, and in sight of the new the e age cue ther is electric power station that day or night beats as the industrial heart of a four weeks' course for farmers and the community, is the white columned a one-session practical agricultural mansion of the illustrious John C. Cal- course extending from October 1 to houn. One can almost picture the June 1 for ueen over 18. great statesman, as with hands be- The college maintains 108 foux hind him he paces the avenues of year scholarships and 61 one-year cedar and oak, putting into form those scholarships, the cost of which, matchless ideals of patriotism whose amounting to nearly $22,000, is paid fulillimnent he never lived " see, out of the receipts from the fertilizer About 50 yards to the ',ar of the tag tax, mansion Is a queer little one-story Public Service. room structure with columned porch But the trustees of Ciemson College to match the smansion. This was the "study" of the great statesman, and hyseno o f rgiec an e n here were written lmany of his great system by witie fnspets adat' orations. Under this little study, receive from the tax heys and which is about 20 feet square, is dug uit al fmithe a gemit anc ia deep pit in which ice cut in winter turl aid mechani get ile was stored for summer use. How the ._....a ---- _ xave go 1i a N1 Stel) fax' l thin. is. me-r seasonsl imutst have changed, fox' only (ume ytercmatwt h mo (luring one or' two winters of the 20 peadla' ogtt 'txm otxs which the wraiter has spent in thxe "up hopyteaxntiespefdi countr'y" has ice formed in suflicientrctexlealhtcodbesax) thickness to juxstify such amlo stor In thxe old mansion axre many hIs- g'w stm e'iie'txlmsg'wm toric relics, including a chxalr used bynoxeaxlgnanultalfovm (len. (ieor'ge Washington, and a seven-$100, foot mohair-covered lounge On tho lnsnColgwtxit ln vi back of which is carvedi tihe Amuerican ealgie. It is saidl thxat the engrav'ing (eeomd t mt'ng 5ime n onI our' coins was copied fr'om this ' e'i~iiislnso ulcsxvc Thle 01(1 mansion with its hlistoricbeoeita'tmmemigtwth im memories, tihe peer~ of tihe lIer'mitage, irmleo sflest mt xxo MountolVernonatndandntatelna, asset,1and roots, it requires little arlmonia in the fertilizer. Vhen intended for hay, cowpeas should be planted broadcast with some other forage crop. German millet and sorghum are probably the best crops for this purpose. This sta tion has obtained as much as seven tons of well cured hay from sorghum and peas, two and one-half tons from peas and crab grass, and three and onhe-quarter tons froin peas and mil let. The most valuable part of the pea plant Is the leaves, and the hay should be cured inr such a manner that the largest amount of leaves pos sible should be retained with the hay. 1"or that reason the pea should not remain long in the swath, but as sdon as the leaves are dry sulliciently, the hay should be raked in windrows for a day or so, then it should be dried out in cocks. A splendid way to cure cowpea hay is to take it fron the windrow and stack it on a pol0 about six feet long. driven in the ground with crossarms nailed horizontally, the lowest being about eight Inches from the ground. The practical place of the cowpea mu rotas ion is after small grain. As soon as oats or wheat are cut, the land should be disked and planted in peas, sown broadcast, rom four to six pecks per acre. This crop of peas will shade the ground and improve the physical condition of the soil, will add nitrogen to the soil and prepare the land lor' the succeeding grain crop. As cowpea hay is a most valuable food, it should always be cut for hay However, if the object is to improve the land the pea virnes can be turned under. If the succeeding crop, how ever, is to be a small grain, it is bet ter to cut the vines off as the pea vines will form a kind of mulch which will nmake the soil very loose and pre vent the proper rise of capillary moisture to the small grain. Small graix prefers a compact soil rather than a loose, porous soil. It always pays to plant cowpeas iII corn at the last plowing. If an early maturing variety Is planted at this time, such as the Whippoorwill, New Era, or Taylor, the seed obtained will talri olfset the expense and trouble of planting, and the peas growing in the cor, instead of iliiidering the growth of corn, will increase the yield slightly, and will put the land in bet ter condition for the succeeding grain crop. Small cne-horse drills now be nig nmiufactured for ti purpose of drilling cowpenxs in corn do the work better thai it can be done by hand. it ilways paxys to plaiit a patch o1 Deas mixed with soy beans as a hog grazing crop. No machine has yet been muanufacturedl that will sat.isfac torily pick peas. The thrashing, however, cal be accomllished by a hea huller, which is far less expen sive than thrashing out with hail. In the sandy soils of the Coastal Plain, the wilt disease and root knot disease is widely disseminated. No method luts yet been found for coin batinig these diseases, excepting the rotation of crops and (he planting ox wilt resistant cotton aid the i'ron cowpea, which resists the wilt and the root knot. Stored 'owpeas should always be treated with carbon bisuI plhide to keep away weevils, F1(II'IING 'lE JiOUSi'; FIX. U~se of IFly Trax'xp, Screens andxr Spray Agtaist iDangei'ouis P'est. 13y A. 1". Conr'adi, State Enitoimologist andi~ I[Iad or Enitomiologleal Divi-. sion, Clemson College. The houise fly breeds miainiily iinimoi hoi'se and sow mianiur'e air pivy' closets. inJl ike the stable fly it can not bite. liefoie thundiixei'stoi'ims and~ on sultry days the stable 11' ixolests inan with its bites and this Ieadis to the er'roneous conclusion that the house fly bites. 'lhe eggs of the house fly aire lbaid on (lie maniiux'e and haxtchl thle saxme day. in ive daxys thle nxinuggot triaiisfoi'iis to thle pupa or r'estinrg stirge anrd lin teii (lays fi'oii thxe timin the egg is laxid tiht full gr'owin insect a ppear is. Ils Ifirst imipulse is to ili somnethlinrg Io eat, an id wih the fresh filth of its lpiti'e factive br'eed ig place coveriing every part of its body, it goes to Ithe kItchen whler'e It saiiiples thle mient, batheits in lie ilkI, traxilIs over' (lie lbiit(er', Ilicks up the Jelly, cr'awls over the baby's face arid han rds andxu thIn.' goes back to the muanurie phIne to lay ('ggs and iretur n to thle house for' moire foord. hiesides a genier'a ('ari'ierx of udiseaisi anxd filth, (lie hiouise 11ly Is kinownx to cai'iy sev'eraxl of ouri imost daingei'oiis ( Iseauses. The cxaimpigi arga ist (lie fly should beglii at thxe bi'eedlig grouind. I'se (lie fly triap jxudielou~sly a bout Itle barnx's, privy closetks, kitchen door', hog pens and x othex' breedIig place:s. Ci'rular 23 of ('lemison College gives dilrectioM*. for iiirxking tinaps anid one ti'al Is In (lie hainds oif eachl or the county dlemionstration agents wiheire It cani be examilned. Avold filth or aniy other fly-at tract ing marteil about thle priemiiises, sxichi xas gar ibage or slops. lairbaxgo ari kItchlen i'efuise shxould( be kept in tlglftIy covei'eid vessels. Never' thirowv It on the gi'rund. It Is strie to attract flies.' H'ereen privy closets. Iar [xe' vei'y closet piovided wIth a keg ox' uxi'rei of irx slaked Ilime and use fi'eely to dry up the closet maxiterlial. Screen the house. Manure is valuatble. If removed fromi staxlls axt a time whien It canihot lie Immediately spread on the field it frlotidlu be stored iis a defliito place, preerblinr acomnpost shed oxr pIt. 0 gur a trdo pae i nutnerous places about the barn Is wasteful and it snakes it very dificult to maintain sanitttry conditions. 'Tle spray for treating manuro to kill maggots Is describet in Circular No. 23, of the lIxperinieit Station. . 7Til COTT1ON 1{."E1) SPIDP R. Methods I tcotlelnlend for Control of Tils insect. Pest.. By A. F'. Conradi, State IEntomologist uid 11eadti of Elitomologist )ivision, Clemson College. During this dry weather one will notice retidish areas on leaves of cer taii pha ints. It is especially noticea ble on violets. ''he leavs soon turn brown a'id become dry and brittle. Many people call it rust, but if one stos to exaiiilie Into the matter closely lie will lieid little reddish col ored mites on the under surfaces of the leaves. The characteristic web cast also be easily noticed. 'yhis is the red spider. It is a dry weather insect, and if not stopped, it often does serious damage. The Cotton red spider is one of our ithout Iinportan t cotton pests during Jaie, July and August. 'yliis, so fll., appears to be a favorable year, and farmers should watch their cotton for the first appearance of this pest. The damage occurs lit spots in the lielk Puke weed and violet plants should not be allowed ill an ablout. pilanta tlils, wiile utlerbrush shoult be Kept down ais far as practicable. As sli as tile first infested plants' ale discovered they should be care luiy13 lelnoved 1 lid iurlied. Blood red spots will slow ol tile upper surface of leaves attacked. It tnis is not dune then the insects will spread froin plant to lilait and iln a short timi0 cause the ruination of a Iarige area of cotton. This liligratioli has to take lplace ol 1oot, as the inisects have no wigs. Tis mia kes it at once appar ent that to a great tex tenut at least it is everybody's own I problem, regardless of his neiglibors. Wheniever the itifestatliin spreads and the Iifesteti Spots becoie larger, one ot several sprays Iay be givues lie most satisfactory of these is po tassiu ti d111(e, r ecrii endeId by Alr. I'. A. Aleregor, of the Hiurealt of l'tolmology. 'iiiis lnatterial costs iboutil 2.~ cents pIer pound, ani tie spray colsists of three pouids of po tassitin stillitle il 1U gallons oi water. Il silerayilg, the tinder sdes of the leases sholtid be thoroughl covernd. 'This is aecoin li shed by ieatIs of an elbow of -" , degrees. A short one-luartetr ilcl pipe makes a good exteisioln od, and ill the llb selice o1 anl elbow tlie end of this pipe may lbe bent. 110G -01101,11A AND) ROW TO1 CON\TItOIa IT. Ily Dr. Al. Ifay Powers, State V'eteri natrian and Heatd of V'eter inary Division. Cleilson College. There are two prinellia inethoils of reventing hog cholera; one by the use of seruni, and the other by taking catre to avoiii tie itihodis of spiread hg the disiaset, which Iare here out lined briefly. Ilog holet is slirelul by failure popelrly to .disiise of the eatrases of dead hogs. Iluzzatils, dlogs and other aniinals feeding tupon these carcliSses ianI calrry inl'ectionl to olter premnisis. All carcasses :should be burnil or hiiried immneidia tely, and buzzailrds shouhd be detstr'oye~d in Connmunities where they are not protected by law. In commiunities viere tlest- seaven girs aire thus pri'otecteil, the law Shoruld ie repe'aled and the birds de strnoyed. Anouthe1r very comliloll methloid ii spred ing hug i hol era is walkin1 g throutghi yard'us ior lields wih-re sick hogs aire kept anad carriyinhg thle inhfec tiion til shoes andiu (clothinlg to other ilremiises w here hieaIthiy hogs are0 Cln Ii led. It shuhii lie remlembheredl tha diischiarges iromli hogs illfecteid withI icholera arIe ver'y in1feetilus, and1( thle iownlers shotill hot goi il aillowu aniy of their help tio go onl lremlises wll-e there aro sick hogs. Neit her shioul they ail low lieighIibors to go itmoling their hogs whleni cholera exists ini the 1ju1n imunlity. Iiiialthiy hogs shou~ild b. Caired for by liersonas who hav i~ e not bieen where thle idiseaise eXists, and noi i ulie else810( sold be a llowed luelr thle lienalihy dirove. Cholera may13 lie spread biy stream hs reccivi ng drcaliage from In fected parelini's, biy buying ho~gs froml premli ises wh lere thle iseaise exists, 01 fromli liulic stock yards, or' by f'aluire to isolate liewly liurch lasedl hugs iun t i t helir freedom fruom idiseaise has beein as('i'rtainled. Th'lese thIiree matter's de 5erve caircfulI altttenitiion. Wh1en ( liholera exists ini a neigh bor hoiod every hug iiwnler shuoul estabI lish a strict iluarantltine( (il his in-. i iul 1romelises. Wh len thle dilsease iexists iln adjlolining farm 1115 hgs shiotd be proutec'td b'i!y iniject ion with ant0i ho g ihiolira serumli. Theli siudni idaithi of one or two hogs shoiuldl11( leadth owner to suspect chioleral. IfI upon11 i'xaminaltion oif the elarcisses Chlera. lisjiins are fiutnid. aill hiealthy13 hugs shild bile miove<i at onieito ne)liw lots orp nil'( 11 ltey nnl lie Iijectedl withi si'rumhl. A farmier' thlinilg cholhera amng hIs hiogs shiould ait on1ce aipily toi the \C'tinary3 Divlsion, (lemlsonl College, forl 5Qerum1, wichel Is to lie hail at nit Secei t' ser'vices ofI hiis couti iy farmli demnonistraionu aigu'nt, whlo has been Iinteld in the use of Serumii It is the duity of aill i'it'iens to1 see that the 'tatle laiw rlitlive to rom'npl dhiposal ofi 'lni'aissis Is stictly en fiuTi l'CTT'ETIC. hly Dri. M. Illy P'owers, Stale Vi'terl 11narlian and ilii ead1 i of Veter'inary'3 Di1vlsloin, Clemison 1 'ollege. In Jly,)'. 1907, the VCeeina iiht''I)vl 5101n of (I l imlsoni Col lege, In cii-operi atilon with thle U. S. liiurcantI of Anlim lal I industryl'3, commenl~lced tIck craldhlton work In ()eonee, li lekens1, (reenivi lie anil Andier'soni (Cotintles. SIice that date thiIs work has been graduialIly anil systemiaticlly 13 'l li exe iid tunItil four iteen iounIitics are no(w free from tIcks anld reCleased fi'om I1,''edera Quaatine11. Systemiati w c~ ork hias also beeni in priogr'ess in SIX Otherl coutlies for thlie past yeari, iand these shoul d lie In con - iltIon for release thIs fatll. PIo''lr to 191" the expense of tIck ci'adlentlin wor'k was borne by Clem son College find the U. H. Ulttrean of Animal Indutstry. \VIth t,ho exception of aibout $590 (r'eceived from cIt~Izens of those couanties) no funds were avail., able from other sources. At tho last meetitig of the General Assombly, $30,000 was appropriated for co-oper ating with the U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry In the work of tick eradica tion in South Carolina, this sum to be expended through Clemiison Col lege. Shortly after this appropriation was received, arrangelntents were made to place tick eradicationt under an inspector who could devote his en tire time to this work. Tick eradica tioni is now being rapidly pushed into all tick ilifested countics of this State. BImliMUDA TiHl, BUST SOU'I'IIdtN GIASS. fly J. N. Hlalrper, Director S. C. Exper itent Station, Clexnsoni College. liermtida grass Is the muost val.a ble grass the South possesses and is the best for Pasturago and lawni pur poses. Its truie value is not yet ap preciated by its most ardent advo cates. There are several varieties or types of this grass grown in the South differing fromt each other inttinly lit the size of stems and spiculets and in hardiniess. Soie of the smaller, hardy types are front two to three Weuks earlier ini aking their growth im the early spring thian are the coarser varieties. There are other species o1 graisses, such as wire grass alid Egyptian grass, Often 3uistaken y fariiers for HJernatuda, and for this reason Berriuda grass is soleti tIes lenouineed as being worthless by farm3lers wV ho have growing on their farsiS the other species which are of little value. Ilerailida grass, when grown on well iniproved land and property treated, will afford duing six imiolitiis of the year as luch grass as the aver age blte grass palstire of KentIeky. I have kniown one acre to furnish all the food during the sut3imer luonths for six calves. 'T'hree acres of this gras on iluproved land will pasture lifteen brood sows with their litters, tiey reiuiiring 10 other food than that aflorded by five acresi of forage crops. When grown on rich bottom landis and kept free fro n weeds and properly fertilizeti, lIernida grass af lords t splendid mieaidow, as it cann be cuat twice during the season, yielding froim three to 1o1r tons of excellent hay. Iler iunda hay is rich in carbo hydrates and liankes as goood hay a1s tiiinothy. It is well suitedi for work stock, but is not so good for dairy cat le. 'ortunately, we have discovered thit I erle(it grass is not a serious weed eue liy, for as it 3oes not inmature seed to Iany extent in this couIntry and -Spreads only by uniergroui mnd overground stemis it cln be easily kept in eeek. As it is a tropical plait ani reqiuires plenty of sulnlight it can lbe easily eaalient, d in two or IIiroe years by shading it out by growing vin)ter legulines, s5(ch as vetch, planted with oats, followed by a sunioI11r legumle, such as cowpels or velvet beans. 13cr ia tiL does not damlage cotton anv thing like as iih as cloes crab grass, and at good crop of corn can be madte im the lield badly infested with lier muda if properly cutivated. Iermiuda grass is of great benelit to the soil in that it prevents it fromt washing, audds bllinus to the soil ild tills tle soil with innutil erable ibrouls roots which prouIlce the best formn of 1umuls. It Is an annual with perennial, umder grouil steins. If eli rmtUla is planted in the fall it can be grown with oats and vetch, or with but' clover. It is a spllendid plant for terrace banks andl 1s also valuable to grow on railroaid andl polind banks to preverit theml froni caving In anid w: ' 'ng away. As it reutlires ty of sunlight, it will not grow \ in shaded places. It. cli be propagated by sowing the seedi at the rate of two pouinds to the acre or by planting pieces of sod. A good way to obtain at Iicrn 1at1a sod is to breoak the land with at turning plow or <iisk plo1w and in every fuirrow dTrop a mouilf piece up' Sod every twelve hiches, the next fiul'row covering it fromI two to three inches deep. It calm be sodldedi aiIost any tiue dur m3ng the year, bit the best tilie is in the early spring. It shouild bie plantei after SOnme winter legume.13, :.. 1,6ur ('overi, erI llnson ciover', or' vetchi, if lanilted in3 the sling; a1nd1 if planted iln the ifall, sho0t1hl follow cow jiens, soyb~eanls, velvet beanils 4or beg gar Iweedl. A fter' thle inid hils beenI lilowed iland thle 1411nts1 dro'lpped, the 116134 sh10u31i be thoouigly 3 harr'lowetl to 31 iiale thle Past Iir l0SInIooth anld eVenI. Ca~lttie shoulti be turn'Ieti into the jpastur asi' soi ais ipssiblle. Th'le best Iliermida1311 liaSttre IC n blile ruined103 by a1llowig weet53ii ad other13 grasse51s toi gr'ow. 11I'r clover cain lie sow li the1li. grass 14Is 115113ally rely3 forl good( 1)as tllre by3 , Jtin li. Afitl' the14 liastur~e has1 reninuilIe in J1'3riiutlaL graiss four' or' fIve yearls, it shihll lit lowedl'4 Ill ini the earIly sjpring and31 Ilbintil inl thn' 14hyslical Conditionl (f t he soil andli will add1( nitroIgeni, whiichi is mlost benie ptur~tle is a3llow6 l to rtInl too1 long it off grass5 is lirodtiled . It is a h~eaivy f,t'Ie (on lnitrogen i am1i shouiIld be fer' 4ii 80,da abouilt the Illiddle (if everyV A lpril, tisinig fr'oII li> to I00 piolIs 3 PPhIedl l'ver'y four 3 years Ialt thle rate of .1101 or .100i pounds per'z acr~e. A goodl tiiiie to aly~ t his is at the timne the tory' f or a1 crop of 13016. One3( thouilsandli ,11ounds1 of utile is ailso very3 bienieiial. I'hIiIs enii lie appi~liCld on1ce 0 very' live 0r Six y'ear s. If liermlidoa is lilani t 3101With 'l'exlas lue6 gra~ss, whlito clover' and1 commoln13)1 lc~h a1 pasture can beiih ob.. t11aiedl 113111 wiill af ford goodi graz 'ing3 ine1 01' teni mioniths in3 the y'earl. Ilest 'l'limi's 143 Appily Nitratmie oif Sodai to C'orand 1( (otton,. Iy T3 I. l. Ke i, (Chelmist, 5. (C. E'x peri ment13 Staion141, ( 'lemson C'ollege. Iiesuti s tin d at(1131 t' South Car o 111n1 E'xtierimenoit Stiation shlow that ai top'-dreIssing3 ilth itra'lte (If 841da1 gives goo r411iesu lts on cot toni, (corn3 and3( smalll1 grins. .Thle increase115 is most45 martkedl durlin 1g 31 we(t year 3, beenause' this n)itro gemn Is amlready13 ini an immediiliately av lailanbile forni, wh ile th rii3ot ting (If the' olganIIic (1 sources (dois not pr'(Cocee 115 raipliy asx untiil (il ac('(oun3t of thi E'xcess of moIstur0 ini thle soil. The amllountl to a14pply tier acre0 varies wvithm the fer'tillt o3 6f thle soil a1nd thle pr'e vlilus feirtIiiza1tion)3, buiit we0 wouldh stg 5es f'1.rom Iit'ty pound1(s lper acre'6 oil Poor41 land~ ump, altccordinig to tihe fertil 11t' of the soil. ilalyl appllicaeltionis are( 6oinilg Into faivor'. We recomn mitl~l that th1e( soda 140 apliledl to cor'n when it is beOtwleeni kne an'06ld wist igh, io cot lii julst as 3the shape4s* begin3 tol formn, and3( to 81mal1l grin 13in .Mar ch3. Ca!re shouthl be0 take no 1 36t to 501w nit rate of soida (in wet 1)13 nts, because86 it is likely to s(1a1d them. It is best to apply it jut35 after' a r'aln, whien Ithe mlohsture' has drield off of thet leav'es of the p~lnts, then cultivato with a mulch for'ming iplment as sooni as the gr'ound Is dr'y enough to nlow. ON THIE MODERN FAltM. I Some Practical and Helpful Details 1in operating This Aid to 1arming. By Styles Iloward, Assistant Profes sor Machine Sho p, Clemson College. Of the various power-producing naclines iL use oan the farm, prob albly the most used and the most adaptable to ill sorts of conditions is the sinagle-cylinder gasoline enagine of the four-stroke cycle type. This ma chine is mnade in two forms, vertical and horizottal, and with either air or water-cooled cylinder. While nmachines of differeit makers vary as to detail, they all have the saiae essential parts; namely, cylin der with inlet and exhaust valves, piston, connecting tod, cratak shaft, crank shaft bearings with supports, tily wheels, exhaust valve opeier, guv e'nar aution ap imrtatus, carburetor, ,.'ooling apparatus aad oiling systen. 'These wagines aay be purchased in sizes frot otte-half horse power up war':a'd. t aClike the steat engite, with whose ptalling powers we are familiar, the gasolin e engilae will not, carry ntiach overload; hience it is advisable to buy a iachlne large enough to do the anaxnuian work reutired of it tI hott u erloataig. If the engine is to be used for putmping only, small slpecial puntping ntacltines that give excellent service may be bought at a reasonable price. If the fatter owns but onae engine, it is probably advisa Ule ila all cases to procure a larger anathtite than the statal1 sizes, a lltt chine that twill tlrive the wood saw, the corn sheller, the feed grinder, and so oi. 'Ihese inachies give a relatively high ellicieicy at light loads, and it is, thereloa'e, not ob jectional to runt thenm light. T e almel', lot' a satniI outlay of ioney, enit provid e a rootn in which he cat set his enginae and such ma chines as he tlesires to run with it, and his wood saw aily occupy an open shed at the side of the roon. A rod of cold-rolled steel, ntunted ill hang ers attached to the overhead wood work, nakes an excellent line shaft at low tost. 'T'his shaft should run lenigtlwise the full length of the room to provide for as muany naclines as the roorn will hold. 'Th'ie feed grinder, corn hller, etc., tay be put together in a part of the room isepaated from the bajance of the loorn by t parti tion, and beyond this partition utay be installed the washing mtachine, the crean tseparator, the churn, the elee tric plant, etc. 'T'hese inlacthines are drivel) by lie litte shaft by ieans of belts. Itt a limiteti space it is not possible to disciss the many uses to which a gstsolimae engine may be put ot the fari, btut the writer wishes to imi press on tlie farter the fact that it is wtel I worth the farmer's titne to aeq lai at iinself with the possibili ties of the gasoline engine with refer enel to Itis own particular case. Mani ileiturers and dealers are ready to supply full and free iriforanation on retest. .A great. naty people are utnder the impression that the gasoline eaagine is a very tia aeltlie atit dangerous thing. ahis erroneous ititpression is due to the fact that the ntachine is not un derstott by these people. As a mat or 01 tret, litte gasoline engine is one of the sitplest of prime iover's, and if kept in gt d order anti in proper adjustinent, it is t most dependable sottrce of powel'. \V'henl the f'anr'e forms the hat bit of rubbing down his tngine frequently and looking it over ftr loose nuts at siiped alJast ntttIs, at the satn e time looking care faally to the (quality of Itbricating oil le uses, he will finid that lie possesses a satfe, econonical, and very satisfac to'y power. U1"'lC OF OUSE81 AND) MUtg, ''yns' of Malady and What to )o in '''eating icli Kind, 13y Illr. M. Rtay Lowers, State Veter anatriat 11ld lead of Veterina'y I )ivisiol, (lelusoni tollege. Ontt of the maost comnon aid alarm Inag diseaseil contdlitions occurring it lorses antl tules is that of colic. The tertan is a very loose one, being geneally sti to tt'note sany taltaiinaial latiat whlate'er', andi it tttsty re'Sadly b'le inferr.'aetl thlat tIt. thter'efor'e, occuars it a gareat v'artiety of dliisases, it is, htowever', onily ntecesssary3 hetre to contsidertt' under tatiIwo hiesads, Viz., ssasadic colic sand colic tite to intt. I t.eto ort01 obasltact ioni of thle b)owels. Slussaod Ic colic Is itrobabhly of theo atnost ar'tjIttent Ioccat a'rence Ianad conisists oif st vitolenst cotr'actioni of the atntaseles of thle itntestIlt'se. asng itentase psain, It is liastlally' broutghit oat by givlig stage satitatts of1 codl wvatet' tt ta htors tover'-hIesa td; by ex ptsintg satcht a liorso to chillinag ratinis afltera' hard drtiv'e; somtuetIlit's 1b3 gi vintg a htay fe'edc'a of ga'rean satittIcatlet food; saant int horses that stre lirtalispaoscil 1o it, it stadteleat t'bantage of tdiet niayt3 be all thastt is niet'assary3 to brinag tin san atta~ck(. Th~ie enntalitlon, Is reacognizeda by thte Itor'se statnlyat shiowving 53'tn Itotats of itentse paaina ftllowiaig sointe of thte es~t ses abotve ltt'ient'ie: stsaminag vaolt ly wtitht onie hiali 1f01 looklig sa'oiti at Ithe Ilaks with :t.ntnxiouts n'llaS iaai swaaIintg; lig dt)wnt stad tlently anil rollinig ini sagony. aid withl to's esitnai I erti oils if a'redi o ain fr'oan latit l'olliowet'a by3 Sinaitrlsa attacatks, t'olie Irot intlationtls is at t'otitona stoppaisge ta'f the bowels. sant Itaay be0 broulghtt oit lay tovertloiatlilag ihe stoam atch when'a itt a tir'e'l otl coaiditloatti lfart'liealarly with tlry3, iataitr'itiouas fetd. A t'taihaty cointlitiota of t he teethI tuals o 3 btesi a t lredlisposintg f'actor' oat acctounat oaf Iila''fectt tmiastiesnlti of Sthe aeit 1'd This cond~litiont is Saccolan ianlited by3 (coistiationi said the itianil shtows t'videnatces oif at coltn tinulous dill aaitt as5 COtiipa'aed withtl thlat (if Spits- a atli(' colic, mtov'ing s'tilliy, lying dowat icamot~~ally 13 S and ga'osanintg, butt witha thle abI sce (of violetntIl'''tt mov Its. It salso a'aanas a otnger' coursre uasall y thatn slasstaodie colic. in sliaatotdIt. ciIc sa serativeo or nara(ot Ice tretatnetat shtoulad b' r'estedc~ to itt order.' to over.'l'olie ihe violentai conitratctlion said r'elieve Ithe psain. Onea ao' the betax r'm'iles ix tIltlid txtact (If ('anab)is litdien, or Intdisan htemaIa givatn iai dotSe' oif six dalsa by theii moat thI. Thais brinags oat d rowsintassx atnd, tas a attle, by thIe tiatte the draowsil atess hats worn'a ofaf the colc hass tdistap In'.rdt.l AratothIet' goodt rtedy (I Is chiloal hy3draate given a itt aost's of Otto aounce di ssoilveal hnatt lintt (If wattea'; itt if St hy 1oderi'e ' a'' yigt' lae avasti at ble, two grtans of sutlpala (if mtor' Ithinti ~ttuay be dlissolved in latt little watta' thstt las bieen btoiltd sand sa lowed~ to cool sandl injected unada'r thea skInt. W~VithI t imationt ('0llIe. oatirely dit., fena traeaataedies atr t needecal, th tobdl-. Jeet.o beig to itnloatd the lateastinies of thle of'fentdiang mtaterisal. For' this pita pose live dlrsainsa of aloes dissolved In a <quarat of htot water anial conijaotie wIth one ance of oil of turl'poutino san ihOnte dran of fluiad extract. of nux tnot coatv~enietly at Ihiatad, otte aind a haal f palats of lintseeda oil may he gIven, satI if thr lacIs evidentce (if amuach paIn Ithre'e damas of (Canabist indiala miay also Ite gIven. Copious rectal ijee. tionis of sosap suads aare betorteiil also, 'l'hacse remiedies ill uasally taffilce bitt If maoro dasatic treatmieunt ls neces sry It sahiould be enttrtistd to a veter inarian, (. GROWING COWPEAS THE SOUTH'S WONDERFUL LEGUMINOUS CROP 1y J. N. Harper, Director, S. C. Ex periment Station. riehes for seed tre \Vhlppoorwiil, The cowpea is the best leguminous led Crowd er, y llck Eyac crop for the South. It produces hay I Cdin and Clay, Cac, fully equal to red clover. It resistr oo drouth and a stand Is easily secured. It is well at.apted to nearly every type Hybrid. 'hes stadionrhac obte of soil in th , South, and has few dis- Whippoorwil. Probably the best all eases and insect pests, and is i won derful soll improver, its it not only retn its wh is medium etrly adds large amounts of nitroge to e n it grlt I( mldu prly the soll, but also puts the soil If the ieari best physical condition. This crop has been grown for a great number of The early varieties are New Era, years in the South, but its full im- Warrens Extra Early, Ied Crowder, portance to Southern agriculture has Whippoorwiil, Extra Early Brown not yet been fully realized. F~yo and Early Bullock. The seed can either be sown broad- Late varieties are Taylor, Calico, east or in rows. If wanted for seed, Clay, Unknown, Wonderful and Ied they should be planted in rows three Ripper. feet apart and cultivated. When The best varieties for soiImprove sown broadcast no cultivation is re- ment are Unknown, Iron Clay, Red quired. However, more seed must be Ripper, Whippoorwill, Ied Crowder used. The cowpea should not be and New Era. planted in the spring until the ground The following varieties are tailing Is thdroughly warm and all danger to recumbent in their growth: Call of frost is passed. While the cowpea co, Conch, Now Era, lIed nipper and plant Is well adapted to all kinds of Red Crowder. Cowpeas should al soils, it is best suited to a warm, wayn be well fertilized with acid phoH sandy soil. The hay from cowpeas Is phato and some potash. On the sandy fully equal to that of red clover and soils of the coastal plain, a large the best varieties for hay purposes amount of potash should 1) used. At are the Unknown, Wonderful, Iron our Coast Experiment Station little Clay, Whippoorwill, Ied Ripper, Red growth was made until the soil was Crowder, Calico and the New Era. sweetened with marl. Land containing the fungus which As the cowpea Is a legume and col causes wilt shoulo bo sown to the leots large amounts of nitrogen from vYafil~tV, Whi ir resists the root the atmosphere by praws of w the bac i Crowder, Elyto ndulo, on It Hu c , C liJn ly aio