Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ROOSEVELT AT ARLINGTON. HE MAKES AN ATTACK ON THE SOUTH. Defends the Army in the Phil ippines and Excuses the Cruel ties Practiced. Decoration Day was generally ob served in Washington, aud the fact that l'rosideut Koosovelt delivered the oration at Arlington drew a vast con course of people to that historic city of the dead. The ceromonies wero elab orate and imposing, and a touchiug feature of the work of decoration was the strewing of (lowers over the graves of the Confederate dead who he buried in a section of the cemetery. President Roosevelt was greeted with enthusiasm and bis remarks were giveu the closest attention. Ho spoko as follows : These youngor comrades of yours have fought uudcr torrible ditllcultics and have received terrible provocation from a very cruel and treacherous en emy. -Under the strain of these pro vocations 1 deeply deplore to say that some among them have so far forgot ten themselves as to counsel nnd com mit, in retaliation, acts of cruelty. The fact that for every guilty act com mitted by one of our troops a hundred acts of far gieater atrocity have been committed by the hostile natives upon our troops, or upou the \u :n i it I h* nod law-abiding natives who me luci.dh to us, cannot be held to excuse nny wrong-doer on our hide. Determined and unswerviug effort aiutft be made, and is being made, to lind oui every instance of barbarity on the part of our troops, to punish those guilty of it, and to take, if possible, even Btronger measures thau have already been taken to minimize or prevent the occurrence of a'l such iuslauccs in the future. Is R only in the army of the Philip pines that Americana sometimes do acts thai causo the real of Americans regret? (Cries of Oh! no, no!) Prom time to timo there occur in our couutry, to the deep and lasting shame of our people, lynchiugs carried on under circumstances of inhuman cruelty and barbarity?a cruelty in. finitely worse than any that has ever been committed by our troops in the Philippines; worse to the victims and far moro brutalizing to thoso guilty of it. The men who fail to condemn these lynchiugs, and yet clamor about what has been done in the Philippines, are indeed guilty of neglecting the beam in their own eye while taunting their brother about the mote iu his. Understand me. These lynchiugs af ford us no oxcuse for fail me to stop cruelty in the Philippines. 15very ef fort ia being made, and will be made, to minimize the chances of cruelty oc curring. But keep in mind that thoso cruelties in the Philippiucs have been wholly exceptional and have been shame fully exaggerated. We deeply and bitterly regret that any such cruelties should have been committed, no mat ter how rarely, no matter under what provocation, by American troops. But they afford far leas justification for a geneial condemnation of our army than these lynchiugs afford for the condem nation of the communities iu which they have taken place. In each case it is well to condemn the deed, aud it is well also to refrain from including both guilty and innocent in the same sweeping condemnation. In every community there are peo ple who commit acts of well-nigh in conceivable horror and baseness. If we fix our eyes upon these individuals and upon thoir acts, and if we forget the far more numerous citi/.ens of up right and honest life and blind our selves to their countless deeds of wis dom and justice and philanthropy, it is easy enough to condemn the com munity. There is not a city in thia land which we could not thus con. demn if we tixed our eyes purely upon its police record and refused to look at what it had accomplished for decency and justice and charity. Yet this is exactly the attitude which baa been taken by too many men with reference to our army in the Philip pines; and it is an attitude both ab surd and cruelly unjust. The rules of warfare which have been promulgated by the war depart ment and accepted as the basis of con duct by our troops in (he bold are the rules laid down by Abraham Lin coln when you, my hearers, were righting for the Union. Those rules provide, of course, for the just sever ity necessary in war. The most de structive of all forms of cruelty would be to show weakness where sternness is demanded by iron ueeJ. Hut all cruelty is forbidden, and all harshness beyond what is called for by need. Our enemies in tho Philippines have not merely violated every rule of war, but have made of these violations thoir only method of carrying on tho war. We would have been justitied by Ab raham Lincoln's rules of war in in finitely greater severity than has bceu shown. The fact really is that our warfare in the Philippines havo been carried on with singular humanity. For every act of cruolty by our men there .have been innumerable acts oi forbearance, magnanimity and gener ous kindness. These are the qualities which have characterized the war as a whole. Tho cruelties havo been wholly exceptional on our nart. It is a good custom for our country to have cei tain solemn holidays in com memoration of our greatest mon and of the greatest crises in our history. There should he but few such holidays To increase their nutnbei is to cheapen them. Washington and Lincoln?the man who did most to found the Union, and the man who did most to proserve it?stand head and shoulders above all our other public men, and have by com mon consent won the right to this pro. eminence. Among the holidays which commemorate the turning points in American history, Thanksgiving has a significance peculiarly lie own. On July 4 we celebrate the birth of the nation ; on this day, the 80th of May, we call to mind the deaths of those who died that the nation might live, Who wagered all that life holds dear for the great pri/.o of death iu battle, who poured out their blood like waver iu ordor thattho mighty ualioual struc ture raised by the far-seeing patriotism of Washington, b'rankliu, Marshall, Hamilton, and the other great leaders of the Hovoluliou, great framers of the constitution, should not crumble into meaningless ruinB. You whom I addroes to-day and your comrades who woro the bluo beside you in the perilous yearB duriug which strong, Bad, patient Lincoln bore the ciushing load of national leadership, performed tho one feat the failure to perform which would havo meaut de struction to everything which makes the name America a symbol of hope amoug the nations of mankiud. You did the greatest and moBt necessary task which haa ever fallen to tho lot of any man on this Western Hemisphere. Nearly three ceuluiieB havo passed siuco tho waters of our coasts wero firet furrowed by the keels of the man whoso children's children wore to in herit this fair laud. Over a contury and a half of colonial growth followed the BOttlement ; and now for over a century and a quarter wo havo been a nation. During our four generations of na tional life we have h;ul to do mauy tasks, and sotnc ofthern of fur-reaching importance ; but the only really vital task was t he one you did, the task of saving the Union. There woro othor crises in which to havo gone wrong would have meant disaster ; but this was the one crinis in which to hnve gone wrong would have meaut not merely disaster but uuuihiliation. For failure ut any point atonement could have been mude ; bin had you failed in the iron days the loaa would huve been irreputuhlu, lhe defeat lrrotriov nble. Upon your success depended all the fuluio of the people on this con tinent und much of the future of man kind as a whole. You left us a reunited country. You left us the right of Im therhond wuh the men in gray, who with Buch cour age and such devoiicn for what they deemed the right fought against you. Hut you left us much more eveu than your achievement, for you left us the memory of how It was achieved. You, who made good by your valor ami pa triotism the statesmanship of I.incolu and the soldiership of Grant, have set as the standards for our efforts iu the future both the way you did your work in war nud the way in which when the war was over you turned again to the woik of peace. In wnrendin peace alike your example will stand as the wisest of lessons to us and our children aud our children's children. .JubL at ihia moment the army of the United States, led by men who served among you iu the great war, is carry ing to comple tion a small but peculiar ly trying and diflicult war in which is involved not only the honor of the Hag, but the triumph of civilization over forces which stand for the black chaos of savagery and barbarism. Tho task has not been as diflicult. or as important as yours, but, oh, my comrades, tho meu in the uniform of the United States, who for tho last three years pa* tieutly and uncomplainingly champion ed the American cause in the Philip pine Islands, are your younger broth ers, your sons. They have shown thomsclvos not unworthy of you, and they are out.tied to the support of all men who are proud of what you did. The guilty are to be punished; but in punishing them let those who sit at ease at home, who walk delicately and live in the soft places of the earth, re member also to do them common justice. Let not tho effortless aud the untempted rail overmuch at strong men who with blood and sweat face years of toil and days and nights of agony, and at need lay down their lives iu remote tropic jungles to bring the light of civilization into the world's dark places. Tho warfare that has ex tended tho boundaries of civilization at (he expense of barbarism and sava gery has been for centuries one of the most potent factors in the progress of humanity. Yet from its very nature it has always and everywhere been liablo to dark abuses. It behooves us to keep a viligant watch to provent these abuses and to punish those who commit them; but if because of them we Hindi from Hnish ing the task on which we have entered, we show ourselves cravens and weak lings, unworthy of Iho sires from whoso loins we sprang. Thore were abuses and to spare in the civil war. Your false friends then callod Grant a ?< butcher " and upoko of you who aro listening to me as mercenaries, as " Lincoln's hirelings." Your open foes?as in the resolu tion passed by vhe Confederate Con gress in Octobor, 1802?accused you, at great length, and with much parti cularity, of " contemptuous disregard of thu usagesof civili/.ed war;" of sub jecting women and childron to "ban ishment, imprisonment and death;" of ??muider," of "rapine," of "outrages on women," ot " lawless cruolty," of "perpetrating atrocities which would be disgraceful to savages;" and Amu ham Lincoln was singled out for especial attack because of his " spirit ot barbarous ferocity." Verily, these mon who thus foully slandered you have their heirs today in those who traduce our armies in the Philippinen, who llx their eyes on individual deeds of wroug so keenly that at last they be come blind to the groat work of peace and freedom that has already been ac complished. Peace and freedom?are there two bettor objects for which a soldier can fight? Well, these are precisely the objects for which our soldiers are fight ing in the Philippines. When there is talk of the cruelties committed in the Philippines, remember always that by far the greater proportion of thoso cruelties have been committed by the insurgents against their own people? as well as against out soldiers, and that not only the surest, but the only effec tual way of stopping them is by the progress of the American arms. The victories of the American army have I been the really effective means of putting a stop to cruelty in the Philip nines. Wherever these victories have been complete?and such is now the case throughout the greater part of the islands?all cruelties have ceased, and the native Is secure in his life, liberty and his pursuit of happiness. Where the insurrection still smoulders there I i? always a chance- for enmity to show itself. Our soldiers conquer; and whnt is the ohjcct for which thoy conquer? To establish a military government? No. The laws wo aro now endeavoring to enact for the government of tho Philip pines are to iucrcaso the power and domain of the civil at tho expense of the military authorities, and to render oven more difficult than in the past tho the chance of oppression. The mili tary powor is used to secure peace, in order that it may itself be supplautcd by tho civil government. The pro gress of tho Amorican arms means the. abolitiou of eruolty, the bringing of peace, and tho rule of law and order under the civil government. Othor nations have couquored to create irre sponsible military rulo. Wo eouquor to bring just and responsible civil gov ernment to tho couquored. But our armies do more than bring peace, do more than bring order. Thoy bring freedom. Komciuber always that iho independence of a tribo or a community may, and often docs, have nothing whatever to do with the free dom of tho individual in that tribe or community. Thore nro now in Asia and Africa scores of despotic monar chies, ench of which is independent, aud in no one of which is there the slightest vestige of freedom for the in dividual man. Scant indeed is tho gniu to mankind from tho " ludcpeu douco" of a blood-stained tyrant who rules over abject and brutalized slaves. Hut great is the gam to humauity which follows the steady though slow introduction of the orderly liberty, the law-abiding freedom of tho individual, which is the only sure foundation upon which national independeuco can bo built. Wherever in the Philippines the insurrection has been dellnitcly aud finally put down there tho individual Filipino already enjoys such freedom, auch personal liberty, under our rule, as he could never even dream of uuder ihc rule of an "Independent" Aguinnl diun oligarchy. Tho slowly-learned nnd ditlicult art of self-govcrument, and art which our people have taught themselves by Iho labor of a thousand years, cannot be grasped in a day by a people only just emerging from conditions of life which our ancestors left boluud them in the dim ) ears before history dawned. We believo that we can rapidly teach the people of the Philippine Islands not only how to enjoy, but how to make good use of their freedom; and with their growiug knowlodgo their growth iti self-govcrumcut shall keep steady pace. Whou they have thus shown their capacity for real freedom by their power auij self-government, then, and uot till then, will it be possible to de cide whethei they aro to exist inde pcudently of us or be knit to us by ties of common friendship and interest. When that day will come it is not in human wisdom to foretell. All that we can say with certaiuty is that it would be put back an immeasurable distance if we should yield to 'the counsels of unmanly weakness and turn loose the islands to see our victorious foes butcher with revolting cruelty our betrayed friends, and shed tho blood of the most humane, the most enlight ened, the most peaceful, the wisest and tho best of their own number?for those aro tho classes who havo alroady learn ed to welcome our rule. Nor, while fully acknowledging our duties to others, need wo forget our duty to our own country. The Pacitlc seaboard is as much to us as the At lantic; as we grow in power and pro sperity so our interests will grow iu that farthest west which is the im memorial east. Tho shadow of our dostiny has already reached to the shores of Asia. The might of our peo-> pie already looms large against the world -hoi i/.on; and it will loom ever larger as the years go by. No states man has a right to neglect tho interests of our peoplo in the Pactllc; interests which are important to nil our people, but which aro of most importance to thoic of our peoplo who have built pop ulous and thriving Stntes on the Western slope of our contiuent. Thia should no more bo a party question than the war for tho Union should have been a parly question. At thin moment the man in the high est olllco in the 1'hilippine Islands is tho Vice (ioveruor, (Jon. Luke Wright, of Tennessee, who gallantly wore the gray in the civil war, and who is now working band in hand with the head of our army in the Phil ippines, Adna Chnffee, who in tho civil war gallantly woro tho blue. Those two, and the men under them, from the North and from the South, in civil life and in military life, as teachers, as administrators, as soldiers, aro laboring mightily for us who live at home. 11 ere and there black sheep are to ho found among thom; but taken as a whole thoy represent as high a standard of public servico as this country has ever seen. They are doing a great work for civilization, a groat work for the honor and tho inter est of this nation, and above all for the welfare of the inhabitants of the Phil ippine Islands. All honor to thom; and shame, thrice shame, to us, il we fail to uphold their hands. Tho applause accordod the President as he concluded was long and continu ous, and as ho took his seat some one cried out: ''Three cheers for our brave President," whoreupon a mighty shout went up from tho throats of thousands who had crowded into overy availablo spot to hear htm. 11 hi ley smith, a wealthy farmer liv ing near Polland, Ind., says the Poul try Tribuno of Freeport, III., has founded a new avonuo for his enter prise, and his farm of 400 acres is to be given over in the noar future en tirely to raising quail. He has been experimenting for the last three years and has come I > the conclusion thai quail can be domesticated and can he made docidedly more profitable than any other kind of fowls, both on ac count of the rapidity with which they multiply and the little trouble and ex pense it will require to pnepare them for market. Queen Alexandra has the most cost ly pair of opera glasses in the world, made of platinum and set with dia monds, rubies and sapphires. Thoy I were made exprossly for her in Vionna at an expense of $25,000. HILLAHPON THKIIOKKOKS. The Accounts of Hinunter? Muke Hi in Sad?They Seem Now to Increase* Atlanta Constitution, It is uttorly impossible for a man to grasp the horrors of Martinique. Kvcry individual case has itu heart rending anguish and there aro 40,000 of them, and 1,COO more at St. Vin cent. 11cic arc .'JOO in the conl mines near Kuoxville and :i,()00 mourners outside, and overy day tells of some now disaster. The world seems to ho, getting used to cuhtmilies aud terrible things. They are now a big part of tho battle of life, aud if wo are not re conciled to it W6 do not Stop a moment to ponder tho suffering and crime that is going on. No, wo cannot tako it in nnd the head liueB iu the daily papers aro all that we have time or inclina tion to read. Last uight my wife and I read the pitiful story of Captain Froetuau, of tho Koddatn, as ho told it at the hospital at St. Lucia while ten derly lying upon pillows his faco and II an (is charred aud blackened, his llesh raw and his ovo bulls bloodv. and how one after mint her of his crew Bank in a llcry death until thoro were Boven teen of them dond upon the deck, and this was tho only vessel of the sixteon that brought awny a living soul. Oh, it was horrible and lilled our henrts with sorrow aud our eyes with tears. Hut this wns only ono case, and thero are thousands who would have had as ' pitiful a tnle to (ell if thoy had lived to I tell it. It is good for us that we can I not know but a small pait of the hor rors of Martinique and St. Vincent and on the seas and rivers?one caso is enough. One case of a mothor trying to save her child 011 a burning boat ou the Mississippi river a few weeks ago saddened us all, but the memory of such things aooti passes away and we forget it until another comes. Only last week the papers told of a man, a brute, who got angry with his little boy of (I years aud after slapping him to tho lloor picked him up bodily and raised him ahovo his head and dashed him down and crushed the life out of his little body and hia mother picked him up a corpso, while the lifo blood spouted from his mouth and nose. The recital mado me sick and sad. The little boy, 1 believe, is in heaven, but the poor heartbroken mother has to stay to keep guard ovor the othor three. Merciful Father, when will these things eeuso to bo; whou will woman loam that it is better to live and die single than to chain herself to a man whose character for loving kindness has not beeu established in tho com munity. Ciirls, let me beseech you to take no chances He a shop girl, a typewrite*', * eesrcMrcss, a book agent or anything that is pure and honest rather thau the wife of a heartless brute and the mothor of his children. Take no chances. Tho young men of this generation are a hard lot?not more than two in ten arc fit to marry. Count them up in your own community and ask your brother about them. How many does he kuow who ho would be wi.ling for his sister to marry. Hut 1 was ruminating about these horrible disasters and the grief that fellows in their wake. Death is not so terrible a thing. Very oflon it comes iu mercy aud Is a blessing. A peaceful death to tho aged is a trium phant change?the end of trouble and tho beginning of huppiness. Hut it is the time aud the manner of death. Fit/. Greeue Halleck never wrote a more beautiful verse than his apos trophe to death: "Come when tho blessed soals That close the pcstilonco arc broko And crowded cities wail its stroke ; Come in consumption's ghastly form, Tho earthquake's shock, the ocean's storm; And thou art torrlblo?the tear Tho groan, the knell, tho pall, tho blor ; And all wo know or dream or fear Of agony are thine." It looks like some of these awful things are getting close to us. These Windward islands aro on our side of the world, and not so far away. Even now the wind is blowing their ashes on our coasts, and the earth is quaking under Florida. Tho explosion of tho coal mines at Knoxville is the llrst horror of that kind in our Southland, and no pen can picture the scone of those imprisoned mon writing their last loving words to wives and children as they gasped for breath?may the Ix>rd have niorcy upon them and tem per the wind to the shorn lamb. To ail who are in peril and all who are bereaved, wo would breathe the poor llsherman'a prayer; "Oh Lord, good I .on!, I am a broken down poor man a fool to speak to Thee -I am too old, too old--my lads are drowned- -I've buried my poor wife?-my little lassies died so long ago that 1 forget what they were like. I know they went to Thee, but I torgot their little faces, though 1 missed them sore. Merciful Lord, please comfort those who have heavy hearts. I cannot nrav with finer words; I havo no learning?too old, too old; but, good Lord, havo pity on them all." It is sad to havo to writo of sad things, but tho wlso man said: " It is hotter to go to the house of mourning than to the' house, of feasting." It is good, for us all to stop and think and let our hearts open wide in sympathy. Man is to blame for most of his own troubles, and " man's inhu manity to man makes oountless thousands mourn;" but that is not the darkest side of the picture. It is man's inhumanity that brings most nil of tho distress that women and chil dren suffer. If everybody was good and kind, what a blessed woild we would have. May the Lord pity us all Is my prayer, and we ay all die tho debth of the lightcous and our last end be like his. Bill A nr. CASTOR IA For Infante And Children. The Klnff You Have Always Bought Bears the PATH FOR CUBA TO TAKK. Fii'Ht Mt'HHUge of Prenident r:il iit;i to the Senate of New Republic. President Palma, in his first message to the Cuban Senate, gives thanss to the Almighty for His assistance li cxr ryiug out the work of obtaining Cuban iudopeudeuce, and asks divine aid in tho establishment of a firm and stablo government. " Never did a people light with moro perseveraueo," sajs tho President, " and sacrifice more for liberty than havo Iho Cubaus. No people, there fore, are mcro entitled to see their just efforts crowned with success. Together with our own heroism is the attitude of the groat pcoplo who wero impelled by their own love of liberty to put them selves on our sido in our tenncious tight for the independence of tho country. Their motive was one of generous sen timent, pure and disinterested iu origin. Impelled by this sentiment, the power ful republic of tho North recognizes, through its illustrious President, the republic of Cuba. The promise for mally made has been carried >ut. Iu this moment, when wo feel our rinht aa au independent mil ion, iL is impos sible to suppress our gratitude to the United States. To recoguizo this debt of gratitude1' to the great uation ia an net which exalts us aud which makes us worthy of the consideration aud re spect of the nations of tho world. " It is necessary now to dictato all the laws laid down in the constitution. Wo aro capuble of fulfilling nil tho ob ligations and compromises which have been contracted, and we should pre pare the budget with the greatest ! care." President Palma rucommeuds the en courage m out of tho agricultural in dustries of the islam I, the raising of cattle, the establishment of agricultural stations to improvo the culture of sugar-caue and tobacco, and the intro duction of varied agricultural indus tries. " While tho question of reciprocity is still peuding," the mcssngo says, "it is impossible to state n w what measures should bo adopted to meet tho pending crisis. This crisis is duo to the ruinous price of sugar caused by excess in production of beet sugar in Europe. An immediate remedy would be the reduction of the American tariff on sugar, to obtain which the executive will at once dovotc bis efToits, and will negoliute a treaty in order to ob tain benefits for the Cuban sugar pro ducers. " If security of life and propeity in Cuba is to be lirmly guaranteed, the rural guard must be reorguuized and increased, as the present tranquility in the island is due to the people them selves and their desire to maintain the prestige of their country. " Wo recognize that during the American intervention the sanitary conditions of the islaud were greatly improved, but it is necessary to con tinue this work and make these im proved conditions permanent. " Tho olllce of judge in Cuba should bo permanent, aud to constitute this priuciple of immovability should be one of the lirat duties of Congress." President Palma declares it is the purpose of the govorumcnt to devote its attention to education, and espe cially to primery schools. He eays the government of inte/vention deserves great credit for the educational system it established, but thore is need for still more schools, as the future of the republic depends upon education. If will be the duty of the government to encourage the construction of railroads in tho island, and to protect tho capi tal already invested in railroad enter prises. The executive says he realizes the obligation which the government con tracted with the Cuban army, and that if means are not now taken to make good this obligation, it is because of the bad economic situation of the coun try. President Palma says ho does not yet know how the ordiuary expands of administration are to bo mot. " It is very satisfactory to us," sajs the President, " that the republic of Cuba has beon ollicially recognized by the United States, Great Hritaiu, Franco, Mexico, Guatemala, Nicara gua, Santo Domingo, Ecuador and Paraguay, and we hope that other countries will also recognize our repub lic. We must cultivate cordial relations with all nations and make treaties of amnesty and commerce favorable to Cuba. We must also take ospecial care that the relations between Cuba and the United States bo most friendly, in order that there be no dilllcultj in arranging the pobticnl and commercial quostious which affect both countries. " It is also of extreme importance that there should exist uninterrupted concord between all the people of Cuba, and that they should resolve to pre serve the Cuban nationality." Herbert G. Squires, tbc first min id ler of the United States to Cuba, was formally received by tho Cuban gov ernment. Mr. Squires was escorted from his hoiei by a squad of the mount, od rural guard. A company of Cuban soldiers, who were liued up in front of the palace, saluted Mr. Squires as he entered the building. The American minister was announced in a loud voice, and President Palma received him in the parlor of the palace with the Cuban cabinet. Mr. Squires presented his credentials, and then made a shoit address, in ? huh ho conveyed the compliments of Preaidont Roosevelt to President Palma. Replying to Mr. Squires, President Pulma said : " I am faithfully inter preting the sentiments of tho peoplo of Cuba when I assure yom illustrious President, through you, that our most ardent desires are for the happiness and prospority of the American people and their worthy President." Mr. Squires is the first minister to present his credentials to the Cuban govern ment, and ho will be dean of the di plomatic corps in Havana. A Michigan man, who recently died at Grand Rapids, left 800,000 to estab lish a home for " Indignant" old wo men at Fairmount, Ind. He probably meant indigent women, aud his mis ake li likely to invalidate the w>U. I THK QUESTION IS DKC1DK1). {senator McLaurin Will be Ap pointed to U .) ii'ljM shi |?. It is conceded that the Presidcut will nnme Senator John L. McLaurin, of South Carolina, to All tho vacancy on tho court of Huhns in Washington, and this fact produces much comment in one way or another. The Washing ton correspondent of the Atlanta Constitution says: Senator McLaurin, of South Caro lina, is understood to contemplate some sort of a grandstand play in the Senate iu the near future when he will announce Ins resign a I ion of the posi tion ho holds. A great deal of mystery is maintained by thoso in the Senator's conlidence aud it is impossible, there fore, to say just wheu this performance will come off. It is, of course, possi. ble thai he may change his mind about tho manner in which he will let the world know that ho has been taken care of by a Republican President, but the understanding now is that either coincident wilh the announcement of his appointment to tho court of claims or before Unit announcement is made, he will again air his grievances toward the parly which has honored him. and will endeavor to got some notoriety by bis manner iu doing it. The friends of several candidates for the judgeship seem to think that the matter has not yet been settled in McLaurin's favor, but 1 have it from a source very close to tho President that ho has decides! upon McLaurin for the place. The resignation of the .Senator is likely to add interest to the South Carolina situation. Politicians from that State believe Governor McSweouey is anxious to gel iulo the Senate, aud they aro woudoriug whether he can make an appointment to till the vacancy which will in any way help along Ihm ambitions. ' The old liue Republicans of the State have been turned down again by President Roosevelt in the appoint ment of a postmaster at Charleston, but the appointment is not particular ly pleasing to those Democrats who have beon trying to get on the Repub lican band wagon, some of whom wauted the place for themselves. The appointee is W. L. Harris, who is a recent citizen of tho State, and while classed with the so-called Commercial Democratic element, does not distinct ly belong to it. He is a Republican and has ! < ed at Charleston for less than a yet:: , having come from some Northern State to hold a small govern ment position. Ho seems to have re ceived his appointment largely because of ihe fact that he married a relative of Major Micah Jenkins, who is one of President Roosevelt's favorites. Tho Washington correspondent of the Stale makes the following com ment upon the situation: President Roosevelt's friendship and regard for the Senator are known, and furthermore he would be carrying out the wishes of President McKinley iu providing a comfortable berth for Senator McLauriu. A judgeship on tho court of claims carries a salary of $4,500 ami a life tenure. Its social advantages makes tho otllcc much sought after. It has been suggested in case the Senator wero nominated for the otlice, that his colleague would endeavor to prevent his continuation by the. 'mate. Friends of Senator Tillman declare that the suggestion is purely a gratui tous one, and that in their opinion he would do nothing of the kind, either directly or indirectly. Hecause for personal reasons the Senator bus seen tit to bold up certain Federal appoint ments made in South Carolina at the instance of Senator McLaurin, is, they argue, no indication that he would do the same by his colleague's appoint ment. The reasons for which Senator Tillman has been keeping McLaurin appoint e.ea on the " unxlOUB bench" are not, it is thought, such ns would cause him to hold up McLaurin's ap pointment to an otiico that is entirely remote from South Carolina politics. In this connection, it is known that a number of porsonal friends of Sena tor McLaurin in the Senate, among tho Democrats, have been exerting strong influence to have tho Senator appoint ed to tho court of claims. Tho De mocratic Senators who have been ad vocating Senator McLauriu for the ollice happen to be among his most pronounced opponents on certain political issues and aro supporting him entirely because of their strong per sonal friendship for him. Hut what is of more vital interest in South Carolina circles is not the ap pointment of the Senator so much as the consequences. It is believed tbnt Senator McLaurin will accept tho judg sblp. His Senatorial term expires next March, and as ho is out of the lace for reelection there is really very little that he could accomplish between now and the end of his term. If he is tendered tho appointment and accepts, he will of course resign his seat in the Senate. And then what? It wiil he up to iJov. McSweeney. No one has suggested that the Governor will show any reluctance this time about accept ng resignations from senators. Nor could he very well decline to appoint a successor to (111 out tho unexpired term of Senator McLaurin, as there will be any nutnbor of important questions comming up next December whon Congress convenes. Friends of the Govornor declare that he will meot the issue and deal with it (Irmly when he is officially introduced to it, but further than this they will not discuss his pos sible course. The report that the Governor is himself harboring Senato rial aspiratior s complicates tho possible situation very greatly. Since tho Washington monument was opened fourteen yoars ago, 2,002, 000 persons have asconded to the top if the shaft. In spite of efforts to protect the monument from vandals two of the large memorial stones in the ittorior wore defaced recently by the removal of tho letters of inscrip tion. The work was done by two men, who escaped before it was disco\ercd. OA0TORXA. Bmn tho _^ Kind Ycu Haw Always Bought Signatare St TKXTIL.K INDUSTRY OF TJNITKD STATKS How Near We Come to Clot hi it".' Ourselves?Ucductiou in Price of Silk. The Washington correspondent of tho Now York Evening Post says thai the census cxportB are now studying the toxtile bulletins to sco how near tho American people come to clothing themselves. Tho showing which tho final returns will bring to light prom ises to bo most gratifying. Liko all new countries with plenty of laud, the Uuitod States started in us exporters of food products and importers of tex tiles, und while this continues to be the general Hue of our international I trade, tbo strides that our manufac turcrs havo made iu supplying Um home markets havo been phcnomiual. We still export little in dry goods. In cotton our natural advantago for ox port purposes is tho greatest, and al though our exports are destined to grow rapidly, especially in China and the Far Hast, as yet only one-eigh teenth of our spindles, it is estimated, are employed iu tho foreign trade. Practically speaking, we do not export woolen goods, silks or linens; of linens, indeed wo manufacture relu. lively littlo for our own consumption. Tho development of the coming do cade will doubtless be marked by u further lessening of the importation of wooleu goods, silks and cotton, al ready very small, and a considerable in crease in the exports of the coarser cotton fabrics. Linen will probably remain at a standstill in its relation to our trade, since an a world product it is steadily declining in importance. Linen seems to he unuble to ataud ngninst the competition of cotton, the world over, except iu a few lines, in which its physical properties will al ways give it pre-eminence; these lines aro toweling, tahle-eloths, napkins, handkerchiefs, cull's, shut-bosoms aud seashore garments. Most of the llax that is now used for spinning comes from Russia, although tho best pre pared Russian thix is brought out of Belgium. The llux-growiug industry in Ireland is rapidly declining, the peo ple Unding other agricultural pursuits more profitable. The labor attending the preparation of llax fibre is very disagreeable. The process is known as "retting," which is a modification of "rotting," just as the process itself is tho arrest at a certain stage of what would be the rolling of the llax if al lowed to continue. American farmers will not, as a rule, do this work, nor have they been induced to undertake the business by the reported success of the chemical methods adopted in Eu rope. There is, moreover, no object for our farmers to raise llax fur fibre when its growth for seed is so much more profitable. Some use is found for the llax straw grown in this coun try, in the manufacture of a coar.se grade of toweling, but in order to make it spin satisfactorily some ad mixture of cotton is necessary, The present duties on linen manu factures are said to bo very satisfac tory to those interested in tho busi ness, even though most of the stan dard grades of these goods arc still im ported, and many continue to be. We manufacture here a fair grade of tow eling, and seem to succeed particular ly in tho crash-towel which is used vory largely in the kitchen. Very good llax toweling is made at Millis, Mass., by a process of degumming which is kept secret. We also produce a high-grade linen thread for use in the manufacture of shoes. Some of our cotton mills, according to the sta lislical returns, arc doing a good busi ness iu the manufacture of what pass as linen fabrics, but arc iu reality a mixture of liuen and cotton. Tho rea son the higher and "belter balanced" schedules of the Diltgloy tariff bill have not resulted in putting the linen industry ou a more substantial footing in this country, aside from such spe cialties as have been named, is that tho business of the world is not pros perous, ns shown by the consular re ports. Although linen is more durable and otherwise excels cotton, it cannot he Bold in competition with if for auy wide range of popular uses. Wool holds a place in the industrial economy from which it is not likely to be dislodged. The peculiar properties by which it keeps the' heat out, and nt tho same tune holds the heat in, make it a clothing llbre of the utmost value. Statistics show a great increase in its use in the South, and knit-goods manufacturers individually tell the same story. A few years ago, where they had no trade at all in a city like New Orleans, they have today a well established business. The demand in the South seems to be for knit goods containing not more than half wool iu the mixture. Woolen mauufacturcrs seem to be generally prosperous, in spile of the high duties of tho raw unite rial, and aside from an occasional alnkc. II must be acknowledged that nny indus try which cannot obtain its raw ma terial in the free markets of the world labors under a disadvantage, and par ticularly is this so with wool. The growers have always promised to give the wool manufacturers a BUflloiont quantity and quality, but they have nover done so. They began promis ing this with the tariff of 18(17, but have continued remis-i on both points to the prcBCUl day. The chief trouble is in tho quality of American wool for the bolter grade of fabrics. It makes an excellent wrap, especially the wool grown iu Ohio, but the necessary ma terial for line spinning fur pliable and nil goods cannot Ito obtained in tin country in any quantity. It has U> o mie from Australia and the Argon tino Republic, and pay exorbitant du tios. Wool for facodlnlshod goods is not obtainable in this country, but must bo had from tho warmer regions of the Southern Hemisphere, includ ing South Africa. It therefore appears that tho wool manufacturers are indebted to the pre vailing good times for their share of prosperity. Botwcon 181)0 and 1!?00? the census year?tho purchasing pow er of American wagos is said to havo Bean tie ^9 ^e YouHarsAto^ BoqM increased 23 pur cent.; tliis iucHulos tliu rise in general wages aud the low ermg of the prices oi the commodities of everyday consumption. Since 1900 the price of commodities has increased so much as considerably to upset the value of this calculation; at the same tiino it is asserted that tho present prices of everyday articles aro sur prisingly little higher than in 1.800, and that the coudition of labor is bot fer off today than in that year, al though times were then regarded as "good." Silk manufacturing has probably in creased more in proportion in tho de cade under review thuu any other lex tile industry. Wo now manufacture two-thirds of our total consumption of silk goods in this country, ami of rib bous almost our entire consumption, Silk is immeasurably lees of a luxury now than twenty years ago; overy year silk dresses arc worn to a greater ex tent by persons of modorale means, and ttiis has been largely brought about by inventions which have enabled manufacturers to use what was formor ly wusle, licclod silk used to be runde of Ibe wnste cocoons, and it was con. ?sidurcd a product of relatively little value. I '.ui uow machines bavu been devised for converting these cocoous into a very durable material for fabric, by a system of opening aud carding. Kamie fibre has been often suggest ed as u possible rival of the future foi lmen. Naturally il is one of the most beautiful fibres of the vegetable world, po8.sessiug a long staple and a highly lustrous quality, resembling silk. The reason il is not utilized is the cost of I preparing it for spinning. Moro than I thirty years ago tho British govern ment offered a pri/.c of .C.r),000 to any one who would invent a machine for decorticating tho ramie fibre of India, but that prize has nevor been award ed. The process aimed at is the sepa ration of the woody or ligneous stem troin the base which contains the fibre, Various attempts have beeen made in France, iu Belgium and by our De partment of Agriculture, but as yet With no resulting process which is sim ple enough to make ramie commer cially available to any large extent. The morecrization of cotton fibre has brought cotton into a certain competi tion with silk in tho lower grades of goods. This process was discovered by .John Mercer, in the fortios, aud first attracted attentiou at the London Ex position of 1851, but was never practi cally utilized until within the decade now under review in the Census Office bulletins. It was not a commercial success till machines were invented for keeping the cotton-yarn in a state of rigid tension during the process, show ed a tendency to shrink tho lung yarn aud thus make its manufacture un profitable. It is this very tension which gives the yarn its 1 uslre. This fabric is really a high-price cotton cloth, with some of the appearance of silk. Much of it is used in woven fabrics in connection with silk and with worsted. Hut cotton is taking the great lead of all other fibres as a work) product. It is used in all latitudes aud a!! lands. The fleece lining process has increased its sale in cold countries and fd-r winter wear. The soldiers of this country and of England now wear cotton khaki uniforms, whereas during our civil war nothing of the kind was thought of, although the campaigning was in warm regions. The army is also using an immense amount of cotton under wear today. While the United Stales has not yet made great headway in clothing tho rest of the world, its progress in textile industries appear remarkable when it is considered how large a part of the world's clothing wo wear right here at home. We have one-Ii Ith of all the cotton spindles of the world, and con sume nearly ono-third of the world's product of cotton, as Census Office ox , ports compute. In silk, of which we consume all that we manufacture, we use more than any other single coun try, and the value of what wo spin is exceeded only by France. While Prance does not-uso quite so much material as we do, the greater amount of labor employed in the liner grades which she manufactures brings her product to a figure above our own. We do no' import much woolen cloth, or nun cotton; what we do bring iu each lin is chiefly novelties and a few fine, grades. The amount of silk Importe?, has already been alluded to. Our ex portation of cloth is practically limited to cotton. It is thus apparent how near we come to clothing oursolvos. Question of Consciknck.?A man was talking to his fellow travelers in a Pullman smoker. "On one occasion," lie aaid, " i was down in the moun tains of Tennessee, where everything is primitive, and on Sunday i attended a llaptist Church. Much to my sur prise and interest the women were sealed on one side of the house and the men on the other. 1 had never seen anything of the kind before, and after services were over i spoke to one of the members about il, as he was a pil lar of the church, aud a man 1 know quite woll. " 'We have always done it that way,' he said in explanation. 14 ?Hut why?' i porsistcd. " 'So's to worship God according to our conscience, as the constitution per vides,' he replied in a matlor of course lone. '"ilul silting on opposito sides of tho church doesn't make any difference with your conscience, docs it?' 1 kopt on. " 'Don't it?' ho said, with ompbatic confidence in the knowlodgo that it did. 'Well, it makes all the difference iu the world. Do you nionn to say thai a man kiu set over thoro alongside iiv his wife, where she kin nudge him in the short ribs with her elbow evory lime the preacher says anything she thinks fits his caso? I say, kin a man do thai and worship God accordin' to his conscience? Not much ho can't, I reckon, nowhere, an' poiticler not in this neck uv tho woods.' " The explanation and the argument carried conviction b6yond all contro veisy, and I had no more to say." Bean tho 1 ti? Kind You Have Always Blguaw V'