Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SENATOR TIXLMAN'S SPEECH AT MANNING. His Defence Against Appell's Charges. Candidates Should be Pledged to Abide by Party PlntforniH. The political mooting at Manning was not characterized by any sensa tional event, and Senator Tillinan's speech was not extreme or denuncia tory aa many had expected. The rev elations about whiskey rebates on the part of Appelt did not amount to any thing, and Senator Tillman'a failure to bring any proof of MeLaurin's party treachery waa equally disappointing to the audience and the public. Mr. Appelt announced that he was satisfied with the explanation he had received from Tillman as to the re bates, but insisted that he was in the Democratic party and would always re main a Democrat, and that bis whole fight was to keep the party as it now stands. There were about twelve or fifteen hundred people present, and as might have been expected, Tillman had a hand primary and the result was almost unanimous in his favor. At the opening of the moeting Sen ator Appelt presented the following questions, which he stated contained everything that he wished information upon: 1. Was not the primary system in augurated to give every white man a voice in the selection of candidates for office? 2. Does not our party pledge allow ?very white man to he a candidate who pledges himaelf that he is a Democrat and will abide the result and support the nominees of the primary, then why change it now? 3. Was not one of the main tenets of the Reform movement to bring the candidates face to face with the people and that there should be free thought, free speech and free action? 4. Are you and some of your pre tended friends not in favor of Qxing the party pledge so that a man who does not agree with you ou certain questions, notwithstanding he claims to be a Democrat, shall not be allowed to give the people an opportunity to decide whether or not he is a Demo crat? 6. When the dispensary system was inaugurated, did you not make laigo purchases of the stock? 6. Did there not exist at that time a whiskey trust, and did you not make large purchases from a member of that trust? 7. Did not the trust have an agree ment to pay its purchasers a certain rebate ? 8. During several months of your administration large quantities of liquor were purchased, were there any re bates recorded on the books of the in stitution ? 8. Why do not the rebates appear on the books? 10. Did you ever get cotton seed meal and have it charged to the peniten tiary and insist upon that institution paying for it, and onlp paid for it after two years and then by compromise ? 11. What authority did you have to buy for your private use and have it charged to the State ? 12. Did you uot get brick for your private use that belonged to the people of the State? Would you have offered to pay for these brick had it not been oxposed through the Neal investiga tion r 13. How many bushels of oats did you get from the State farm and have shipped to >ou at your home in Tren ton? 14. Did you have the right to run a private farm at the expense of the SUte ? 16. By what right in law or morals did you get the authority at the State's expense to get wood, coal and vegeta bles? 16. Did you not continue to receive products from the penitentiary at your home at Trenton as late as 1897, not even paying the express charges ? 17. Did you not denounce your predecessors in office and charge rotten ness, because of alleged pilfering from the penitentiary ? 18. Was not a committee sont to in vestigate the dispensary transactions refused the right to examine the books, and did not tho members of the trust refuse to be subjected to an examina tion on oath ? 19. Were not your dealings with the trust questioned, and did you ever de mand of the trust that they permit an Investigation of your transaction ? 20. Did you not on the hustings create the impression upon the minds of the people that the cause of their oppressed condition was largely due to corporate greed and that the State of New Jersey was an incubator for frau dulent corporations ? 21. Are you not a member and a director in a New Jersey chartered corporation? 22. Did you not denounce the in terference of a United States Senator with our campaigns ? 23. Is it not against the law for you to use a free pass, express or tele graph frank, and do you use them ? 24. Did you not as a Governor cf the State, and as chairman of the board of directors of the State penitentiary, instruct the book-keeper of that in stitulion not to charge anything on the books to yon or to open an si count against yon ? As to the dispensary matter Senator Tillman said that the State got no re bates. Neither did he as Governor. That the dispensary started with $50-, 000 capital; that 825,000 of that amount was used in the equipment; that it was out of the question to got a stock of goods for less; that he had the opposition newspapers and whiskey dealers to fight, who said that the di . pensary would be a failure, and through the kindness of George Habbel!, of the Mill Creek Company, who had faith in him, he got the supplies and he waived I the right of rebates so as to get the n&essary credit. The Slate did not P?y for its liquor for a year or two after It got Jtt and by mixing cologne spirits with two stamp liquor the amount of the rebates was absorbed, and this cost the State ?1.86 per gullon This, Tillman said, was the purest, cheapest whiskey that the State evor got. tie emphatically doniod any re bates. He said thero was no proof, and that time and again efforts hnd been made to get proof against him which did not exist. As to tho penitentiary charges, ho showed that ho had paid for every thing, or it was given to him by Col onerl Neal personally, who had a per fect right to give him whatover ho pleased, and that tho report showed that tho State had nevor lost anything by him. And that ho himself called the attention to the oats purchased by him and to his failuro to pay for some on account of not beiog able to get the bill. He stated that if ho wont to Stealing, it certainly would be for more than a few potatoes, tomatoes, otc. Relative to his connection with the Sabine Oil and Marketing company, ho stated that ho was simply gambling; that Lockwood, the president of tho company, was a friend of his who had gone to Texas, aud that ho had always fought the Standard Oil Company. When Lockwood went to Texas he offered to take him (Tillmau) in as a stockholder and Tillmau invested $1,200, all of which ho now believes he has lost, and that it was aftor ho had gono in the compuuy that his name was used as a director. The company was organized in Now Jersey. This company, he said, was amennblo to the lawB of Texas aud that he, as Senator, had nothing to do with it. As Senator, he of all men, would not advise the people us to a choice of can didates ; this was his chief objection to Hampton in 1890. Ho said that the use of the frank was not prohibited in Washington, and it was not a violation to send a moBsogo from Washington to Manning, S. C, and that ho did not deserve any blame. Ho did have a frank, but was not to bo bought by .->> or $10 work of telegrams a year, and no vote of his would evor show that he had been bought by hiB telegraph frank and he did not use tho frank in the State. He presented a letter from Burriss that he did not instruct him not to charge articles to him bought from the penitentiary. Upon State and national politics and the duty of tho Democratic party in tho May convention, Senator Tillman spoko as follows : There is a matter of deep interest which will come up for discussion and settlement in the comiug May conven tion, and as I am the repic.iontative of the Democracy of this State upon tho national committee, it may not be im proper for me to express my views on it, and to inform you as to the senti ment and feeling of the Democrats in Washington on the subject. The Dem ocratic party in South Carolina has oc cupied a peculiar position for twenty live years. The whites are in tho minority in this State, and under tho reconstruction dispensation thero were BOine thirty-five thousand moro negro than white voters. The consequence was that aftor the overthrow of the carpet bag government iu 1870 we adopted a system of patty government and the white people of the State were educated in the employment of politi cal mathods that obtained hardly any where else. We have had an " Im perium in imperio," or a government within n government. Democracy has meant white supremacy, and Republi canism meant negro equality. The ne cessity for white unity overshadowed the other considerations, and the Dem ocrats of the State were taught that submission to the will of the majority and loyal support of the nominees of the party were paramount to all other considerations. Hampton taught us i that an independent was worso than a radical. Like all of his actions und utterances in these trying days, that advice was the very essence of wisdom and patriotism. His clear judgment, which was his most distinguishing characteristic, saw the danger to tho State of a Democracy split into factions and appealing to the colored vote. And 1 take this occasion to say that no other living South Carolinian moro willingly or gladly pays tribute to his leadership or has a better realization of the invaluable services to his people and the State rendered by this great man in '70. It was only after the revolution of 1890 that there was auything like free dom of political utterauce and action. The convulsion wir. h brought this about also brought with it an attempt on the part of those who wore in the minority to withstand the popular will, and some of those who had been most clamorous for party regularity and sub mission to tho dictates of a convention in selecting candidates bolted and ran Judge Haskoil for Governor. The Haskell movement was based largely on personal oppoaition to me, and there was never any question in regard to the loyalty of those who supported Judge Haskell to the general principles if Democracy in the nation. Follow ing the independent action of the Elaskellites came the rebellion of those who voted against Cleveland for Wea ver in '92 amounting to si me two thousand or more white votos, mainly in Picken? and- Oooqee counties. Then in '94 there was another xebollion on account of tho adoption or Uki" Col letou plan." Dr. Pope ran as allnjn dependent candidate for Goverrayc and rcccivod several thousand whitl votes. So there have been throe attempts to resist the will of the organized Del mocracy speaking through regulafl channels. In each of these instances] those who had broken fealty with thoin] fellows, and who failed to support thel nominee of the party as they hadj pledged, at the primaries to do. were forgiven and admitted back to fellow-! ship without any quonion. In each case those who resisted the will of the party of course felt justified in acting independently, but they were private soldiers, so to apeak, and tho dosire of our people for continued fellowship and good will among the whites has prevented their expulsion from the pM8ov wo are confronted with a differ ent condition of affairs. The new con stitution adopted in 181)5 has eliminated for the present the negro majority. Tho number of negroeB eligible to vote does not exceed 15,000, but it is con stantly increasing aud there may be a good many thousand who aro uot reg istered who would bo eligible to regis tration. Thore bavo beeu in tho receut past ovidouces of Republicanism crop ping out in 8outh Carolina iu various directions. There is no doubt wo shall soon have a white Republican party appoaliug to thoso negro voters. The actlou of one of our United StateB Senators in advocating Republi can doctrines and votiug with that party ou. all essontial moasures, con tending nil tho whilo that ho is a Dem ocrat and that ho has the right to define what Democracy moaus, has brought things to a focus. The Dem. ocratic party iu South Carolina, and it is well understood that tho State Is over whelmingly Democratic, has a right to be honestly represented in tho Senate and in tho House, and in fact, 1 do not behevo tho Democrats of tho Slate would iuteutlonally and willingly elect any man to any olllco whose Doiuocracy was unsound if thev know it. Our present danger is Rcpubhcau ism iu tho guise of Democracy. There fore tho question has been raised and it in now an issue, and it must bo set tled as to what constitutes Democracy and who shall detlno it. It is con ' tended that wo Bhould leave the pri mary just as it is and make no new rules and regulations to proveut a re* ciirronuo of tho election of a mau or men whoso Democracy doos uot tally with that of the uational party. We are urged to permit every man to vote who will take tho plcdgo, and not to require of the candidato any other plcdgo thau the one now in force. To tho first proposition there can be no serious objection. Wo need not be solicitous about the rank und file; at leant, 1 do not think the timo bus yet come when wo must drive out of tho party individuals who will plcdgo them selves to support the nominees, Stale aud national, though they may bo dis loyal. It would be manifestly unfair to permit Republicans to vote in a Demo cratic primary, thereby endangering, if they woro in sufficient numbers, the eloctiou of a geuuine Democrat as against some mugwump or tiaitor. I do not think, however there ara euough avowed Republicans who will take the oath to make it necessary to trace their records back to the preced ing November elcctiou and sec wheth er thoy voted as they pledged them selves. It may in timo become nocessary to use the registration lists at tho legal election to purify tho club lists, but we cannot well make the rules so exacting that we will bar out meu who want to act independently iu merely local mat ters. The fact that our light is in tho primary and not iu tho legal election, and hardly half of the Domocratic votes are over polled at tho legal elec tion, would make it difficult to devise a scheme to prove who or who had uot supported tho 11 nominees of the party." I will uot, therefore, discuss thnt phase of tho subject, but it Is a matter of vital necessity thnt we should make candidates define their altitudo aud give explicit pledges as to their ac tions while in office. Senator McLaurin was charged with Republicanism in his race |in the primary of ".17, but be denied it bitter ly, and I thought he was honest. He denies it still, but his utterances now are all in endorsement of the Republi can policy, and his votes tally witti his speeches. Wo must have a revision of the pledge givon by candidates which will make it impossible for any honorable man not a Democrat to se cure the nomination, if wo are to keep the party from being stabbed in tho bock and not have a repetition of the present disgraceful state of affairs. At this timo South Carolina leally has no voice in shaping public mat ters in the Senate, aud if she has a voice the votes of the two Senators are nearly always on opposite sides of any given proposition. This is something that doos not obtain in any other Dem ocratic State, and I know of no way by which wo can guard against a recur rence of this condition, except to re quire all candidates for the Senate, Slate officers, Congressmen and other positions of honor and trust to pledge faith and loyalty to the doctrines and principles of the party as announced in Stale and nutionil conventions. This will lea\ e their status as far as it can be devised in words as absolutely known. Senator McLaurin is no longer a factor in dealing with this quet>tion. He is simply an illustration of whal might happen again under tho present loose regulations. While his actions have shown tho necessity for a revision of the pledge to be given by candi dates, the parly can act without cou sidering his case at all. It is even de sirable that be be given an opportu ity to go before the people and lei them show him how thoy feel about his treachory. Tho revised pledge can be required of all other Democrats Without charge of persecution or per sonal application. This is important for the future wolfare of tho parly. Let him run if ho desires to fuco t he people aud be elected If ho can get the votes. If he can win in tho primary after his record is sot beforo tho peo ple ho can win much easier as an indo. pendent if he is' denied admission. We do not want to be unjust to him or to his followers. If tho Democracy of South Caro lina wants to put nono but Democrats - on guard it must docido tho Denioc I racy of each can?idato by requiring a pledge lu writing that will duliuu clear ly what the candidate's opinions are, and a solemn pledge to stand by those opinions. Of course men may sign j such a pledge and then deceive the people afterwards, but wo owe it to our lellow Democrats of tho country to at least safeguard our Democratic primaries as far as possible. There is one other subject connect ed with party policy that demands se rious consideration. The large number of candidates who seek the various State offices and Congressional and P- "-??itorlal honors remj^^t impossible no day for those^andldates to have i a respectfirf^hearing. Any man is fit to bo Governor or Sonator iQi-discuss publio questions in any Ulgent way if bis time 1? limited. Some plan must be devised by whicb thoso candidates who Oil the really im portent ofliccs, and who will shape and control aftairs, must bo given suilicionl opportunity to make the people under stand whether or not they are compe tent. Many of tho positions which are sought aro largely ministerial and the duties aro well dciiuud, a.ut these olli cers cannot change or shape public policy in any material degree. There is no good oxcuso or r ason why sovon or eight candidates for railroad com missioner and iifteen or twenty of tin othor Slate otlices shall bo given Unit at u Stato campaigu meeting, or so lit tie titoe as to merely get up and make their bow. In tho lust Stato canvass it required about ?vo hours foi tho respective can didates, allowing only thirty miuutcs for the candidates for Governor ami ten minutes for tho others, not counting the candidate for United States Senate, who usually came last. The limitation on tho Mine of tho candidates for tho important otlices, if it be continued, will absolutely destroy all interest in the Slute campaign meetings, and tiual ly destroy the primary system itself, and I am strongly of tho opinion that it would bo well, iudecd necessary, to have two campaign days iu each county, say six weeks or two mouths apart, at which certain specified caudidatos shall address tho peoplo. Tho suggestion has boeu rnado that there ought to be a limitation on the number ot meotings to one iu oacb Congressional district. This will never do, becauso the people nro entitled to sec and hear tho men who seek their votes, and if such a system were adopt ed thero would bo few, if auy, citizens at such meeting other than thoso who live iu the county where tho meeting is held. Tho newspaper reports would h:ive to bo dopondod ou entirely iu or der to get auy sort of information as to what tho candidates were saying and what itnpiession thoy made; and this would mean tho uso of tho press by those who were able to obtain its sup port to control elections; and this does not imply that tho press is venal. Few people take daily papers, aud nearly all tho weeklies havo patent outsides. Somehow all of Senator McLauriu's speeches were published in these out sides or sent as supplements. It was legitimate advertising, but wo do not want rich men who aro able to pay for such advertising to have advantago ot the poor men who can uot. Tho only safe way is to have the candidates face the voters and lei each man decide for himself. 1 warn the people against surrendering the right to judge fou themselves. Government by newspapers may bo. a very good thing, but tho people off South Caroliua ropudialcd it in 181)0^ and 1 have no idea thoy arc going to return to it, and I am therefore* prepared to urge the Hcheme 1 have] outlined, as tho boat whicu suggests it self to me. The two acts of caiu" latea_ could begin on opposite sidos of thew Slate and thus not intcrfcro with each , other. The people ought to devoto at least two days to the selection of thcH best men, and this cannot be brought about without hearing them fully. If! tho pooplo lose interest in their govg| eminent that government must beT come bad. ?? Eternal vigilance is the] price of liberty," is as true now as! when it was uttered. * Tiik Farm bus and tub Mbat TttUST,?The Farmers' Grain associa tion of Kausas, which has boeu in suc cessful operation for a year, uow pro poses to begin operations against the beof trust. James Rutler, secretary and organizer of tho association, bus issued a staloment to the 10,000 mem bers of tho association and the public, in which he outlined a plau to dofeat the trust. A part of tho statement is as follows : . ?? Tho farmers and business men of Kaunas are in better shape to solve tho boof trust problem than thoso of any other State. Tina is a State which produces an enormous quantity of meat, and wo havo demonstrated our ability to competo with the boof trust. The Farmers Grain association can greatly assist in the work. Our plau is on tho co-operative order, and pro vides for the organization of companies in every county of tho State. "The companies will include the far mers who bring m tho stock to market and the men who consume tho meat. We propose to havo co-oporative ice plants, cold storage aud packing houses erected at contral points. The animals can bo slaughtered thero and the meat which isn't, sold on tho local market cm be cured and shipped to aomo larger packing centro. This will save the two freights which the consumers now pay. Thoy aro obliged to pay tho freight to the packing houso and the froight back on the cured product, This plan has boon discussed by some of the leading mon in various lines cf business in the State and thoy declare it will win." Admiral Dowey has been invited to Denver as a guest of honor at a banquet which tho First Regiment of tho Colo rado National Guard will give to Gen eral Frederick Funoton, commander of tho department of Colorado, on May 1, the anniversary of tho battle of Ma nila Day. Dr. ITonry (?. Moore, of Wabash, lud., hao au old battlo dag in bis pos session said to have boon carried by Gon. Anthony Wayne (?? Mad An thony") during his campaign through Northorn Indiana and Ohio, toward the close of the eightoenlh century. The.Woiv s Greatest ?11 r"' 1 ? ?"' r Cure for Malaria X iVjff ?11 form* of M?larl?l pol??n rurUk? John*un'? Chill ?od Peviw for it Is JOHNSON'S TONIC. Set a bottle uwfay. >'.eits 50 P.enU If It B?m. THE ISLAND OF PORTO RICO. The Fertility of its Soil und the Variety of itH Resources. Tho I'orto Rico Trade and Agricul tural Journal is published in English ami Spanish, and is devoted to the in terests of commerce and ngiiculture. Tho following extracts from i s columus are valuable and interesting : Tho lb laud of Porto Rico has boon correctly termed tho richest island of the West Indies. To the marvellous fertility of its soil is added un.old riches in minerals, which, if scientifically mined and handled with imp? ved processes will grently add to its most enviable reputa tion as a wealth producer. Among the many kinds of minerals to be found in I'orto Rico, o most impm lain, both as to qu <ty and quantity, are gold, copper, iron nud silver. The existence of these minerals has beeu established boyond doubt by olllcial data, and the vestiges of tho work done centuries ago by tho Span iards, la ad, peroxide of manganese, lignite, quicksilver, sulphuret of lead, bismuth, jet and sulphur arc also found in quantities on the island. The first Spauiards to arrive on tho shores of Borinqueu, appreciating the propertoo8 of tho King of Motals^ un dertook tho task of ridding tho island of iis :;ol(l and, with this end iu view, Lucy sot about washing tho sands of the rivers aud streams aud sinking shafts m the hills. Notwithstanding their primitive nud most imperfect methods of miniug, tho results were quite satisfactory aud, according to authentic documents the production of gold from 1509 to 1580 was 3,195,800 dollars. It must be borne in mind that those results were attained by tho llrst sot tiers of tho island who knew almost uothing of the land aud were hamper ed In their labors by ignornnco of mining aud deficient methods. Iu view of these facts tho question arises?what are tjie w ults to bo obtained by ruodorn mat. iuery and scientific mining? ? The island is traversed by a range of mountains running from east to west which extends through tho Wiudward If lauds on tho enst and to the Dcscchco Islot on tho west. Tho most noted ridgo of this rauge is called Luquillo, about 3,500 feet above tho lovel of tho sea and down whoso sides How a scrios of rivers and creel .8, the most impor tant of which are Mamcyes, Itio Prieto, Sabana, Fujardo, Gumbo, Kspiritu Santo, ltio Grunde, Filipina, La Maquina, Tabonuco, (Jajoncs, Gua tagua and Anon. In tho bods of all I ^'fuforegoing rivers gold is found, as "o/jj8 ojj w? I1011114*8 a* lm8 metal hav ' ni id f rom tho Anon in one n *? Tho moat abuudnnt stones in ? k-l^lameyes river bed aro fcld-spar ??pt I porphiry, striped with veins of i and iron pyrites, the alluvium I occupying the low aud midway 1 ith 1 #f these river-beds. TPV^\\;(:id " ok tiik SEASONS, 'jev\*UC8tit>n ?? when to plant " is a \ 0?' to the Porto Rico agriculturist. D/y/ns to make no great difference k / a crop is planted, tho result is y 1 the same?a good harvest, l/'^ycurs ago, one of the island's / "nthusiastic agriculturists, iu on ? /i?tn8 to force uaturo to divulgo /',(H8on secret, planted n patch of /Co'ttch month consccutivoly for u ? ^0aith the result that sixteen months . 'ro/ho lime of the first p'anling he ' ^?sjwarded with his twelfth good tP&Pl There was a slight difference in i, 0 ngbl of the 1 lecember crop from 'f. 'J? chor eleveu and it was a few days '/?/J#?r in ripening, but, aside from J-Ueae two differencos, thore was noth ing to show that Naturo favored one )(rop more than nnotbor. Another prominent grower, iu ex poriraehtiug witli pineapples, produced an abuudauco of this fruit in March, fully threo months bofoio its "season." Theso two citations of the many like experiments that have been mado on tho island make it ensy to understand how it is possible for tho people in tho United Stales to bavo fresh fruit and vegetables 305 days in the year. - THE CULTURE ok cotton. During tho Civil War and as late as 1809, cotton of a very flue quality was ruiaed on tho Island of Porto Uico. At this limo, when tho planters of tho United States hnd once n.oro given their undivided attention to tho raising of cotton, Porto Itico eolton-men trans formed their cotton Holds into cano fields aud cotton raising in Porto llico has sinco been woefully neglected. That this industry could bo mado a monoy makor can be soon from a few iigures obtained from statistics of va rious kinds and from the books of an old-timo cotton raisor. Thore aro appioximaloly 300,000 acree of ullo lnnd on Iho island of Porto Kico upon which cotton could he raised. This land will produce 750 to 1,000 pounds of cotton por aero. Tin; land can bo purchased for $15 to $30 per acre. It will cost no more ihn $5 to plant an acio and the host labor is procurable at 40 cunts a day. Cotton machinery is comparatively inexpensive and silk cotton, the kind which scorns to do best in Porto Hico, (in quality about the same as upland) is worth 8 cents f. o. b. San Juan. From tho abovo it should not bo dif ficult to seo a good thing in cotton rais ing in Porto Kico. CATTLE AND HORSES, There is no spot on the globe whero thoy raiso bettor milk cows and beef cattle than in Porto ltico. It may not bo generally known that Lord Durham took with him to Europe in the 18th century a number of Porto ltico cows and bred them to Holstein stock, thus producing the famous Short Horn Durham, but such is, never tho> less, tho case. / Feed and water aro moat ple>iliful, the cattle need no housing jr&br care whatsoever and there is plenty of shade for them in most parts oi the island? a combination of conditions that fore shadows a bright fuUfre for the cattlo raising ihduetty iuJPnrto Woo. The Porto llico horse, striotly spea - ing, is the result of in-breeding of up wards of two hundreds years and the result obtained has been an animal of itut, enduranco and hardiness. It has bi un stated that the Porto Rico horse can claim origin from Arabian stock ; tinis might have been tho case bad the question of sb.o alone been taken iuto consideration, but with very few ex ceptions the quality of the Arabian is lacking in the present horse of the Is land. Endurnuce cortaiuly is shown in a marked degree, as well as well defin ed conformation. A crossing of the Morgan with the native horse of Porto Hico should produce vory satisfactory results. The two marked characteris tics of tho Morgan blood?quality and endurance?added to tho wonderful eu durauco ,m tho Island horso, should make a perfect, medium sized nuimnl ami one admirably suited for park and lightwt i^ht harness work. There is no reason why tho native horso could not ho most successfully bred nlso for pur poses of polo. The essential features always sought for in the making of polo pouicB aro agility, endurance and size ; the former two qualitieH the Porto Kico horse olroady strongly pos sesses, the question of sizo is ono to bo easily overcome. There are somo sheep on tho Island, but these need considerable caro and do not thrive in the warm climate of l'orto Kico on account of their heavy wool. Goats, howovor, avo found to be excellent substitutes. Thoir meat is of a delicious llavor, they give an almost incredible amount of rich, sweet milk and it does not cost much to raise them. A young goat, properly roasted, is fully as nice as tho fattest lamb and many Americans in Porto ltico prefer tho goat meat. A " nanny " is worth 82 to #4 and it is true that they irive ju tho proverbial " tin can." SUGAR AND KICK. A recent trip through tho sugar belts of tho island showed a vory promising state of affairs in ibo gathering in and grindiug of thecano. Particularly was this noticeable ul Munati, Dorado, Vega Uujn, Arocibo and Camuy. Prom indications, tho facilities for grinding ut those points wero inadequate to meet the present large crops of cane. As these crops will increase in volume on tho Island, it must, of necessity re sult in the early erection of larger Cen trales, and the consequent introduction of improved machinery for grinding. Tho importation of ri,co from the United States to Porto Rico is an enor mous item, and it has been estimated that upwards of 27,000 tons arc con sumed annually on tho island, rice being tho staple food of the nativeb. Duo to exemption from duty, the Japan Kuiihn rice, grown in Southern Louis iana and Southeastern Texas, and grades of an inferior quality, uow con ti ol tho Porto ltico market and con sequently command high prices on the island. An industry well worth tho con sideration of capitalists is tho erection of an up-to-dato plant in Porto ltico for cleaning rice. Tho East India rice in the busk, on which there is an im port duty of 7.1) cents per 100 pounds in Porto ltico, could be shipped to the island, and allowing for all charges, rice oi n very superior quality could bo sold at a ligure far below that now ruling for the American product. The revenue to the island would amount to more than $ 136,000 annually from duties, with a further direct benefit to the natives of $150,000 por annum in wages and the difference in retail prices of the two articles. . VALUE OK CULTIVATION. While it is true that the rich soil of Porto ltico yields wonderfully large crops, it is also true that much better results can be attained and the land made to produce fifty percent, more than it does if the agriculturalists can be induced to alter their time worn customs of cultivation. Old fashioned implements aro used almost exclusively in Porto ltico; the crops are planted in such a manner that cultivation by modern methods is impossible; tho cost is double tho amount it should be, the work is im perfect and the result is consequently one half of a crop. Nature has done much for tho Island, but she cannot do it all and for the best results she must have assistance. CLIMATIC AND 1IKALTH CONDITIONS. Tho climate of Porto Rico can well bo said to bo remarkably equable. As tho mean temperature on tho Island doos not vary more than 0 degrees Fahrenheit throughout tho year, with a iange of tho thormometor of only 40 degroos Fahrenheit, Porto Kico enjoys tho distinction of having continual summer. At midday, the temporature rises to about 85 degrees Fahrenheit. The coolest months of tho year arc December, Jan nary and February, whilst the hottest months are June, July, August and September, Brac ing, eool weather predominates in tho mountains. Snow and bail are quite unknown in Porto ltico. The Island is also blessed with plentiful rjainfatls-, which greatly assist vogetntion, and add to the largo water supply of the rivors. For a tropical country, Porto ltico is roninrkably healthful, aud compares most favorably with tho health resorts of Europe and the United States. Duo, particularly, to the very efficient and thorough sauitary moasuros which have been adopted by the Uuited States au thorities, yellow fever and smallpox havo beon completely stamped out of tho Island; an observance of tho usual dietary precautions generally taken in all tropical countries by intending set tlors, will ensnro perfect and lasting health. Dr. R. M. Hernandez, the president of tho suporior hoard of health of Porto Rico, in his annual report of last year, to tho Commissioner of tho Intorior,_ sta'ed that us a result of_jcorrfcl(f?on-~ douce with, tkfc Secretary of the New York Idle insurauce company the ex tra premium formerly charged by that .company on persons living in Porto I Rico, was abolished in Sontemher. 1000, aud the remission was* gran tod solely on the favorablo statistics sub mitted as to sickness and mortality on the Island. CASTOR IA For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Boughl The Finest Cake Is made with Royal Bak ing Powder. Always light, sweet, pure <^ wholesome. IM I, I, A Kl* ON ROOSEVELT. lie Sayw tlie President Should Have Apologized When He Came South* Atlanta Constitution. As old Undo Bob Rogers said, "The Southern people are the most forgive ness people in tho world." They will 8ufTer more and suffer louger, and then if their enemy smiles on 'cm nnd fcods 'em with a litllo sugar, they wdl lick bis hand and forgive hiui. I was ruminating about tbi i when 1 read of the President's visit to Charles ton, and the grand ovation thoy gave him. It hasn't been two months since he said in public at a banquet that our socession was anarchy. It hasn't been very lon<j since he wrote in bis life of Tom Bcuton this sentence, " liefere .lefTcrson Davis look bis place among the nrch traitors, he had already been known as ono of the chief rcpudiators of his Stale, and it was not unnatural thai to dishonesty he should add treachery io the public." Mississippi did repudiate her public debt, and so did Michigan and some other Northern States, but Mr. Roosevelt siu^les out a Southern Slato to give a slam at Mr. Davis and the South. Now the truth is that Mr. Davis had nothing in the world to do with it. It was done be fore he came into public life or bad anything to do with public nlTairs. I reckon Roosevelt got it from John Stuart Mill's slanderous history when ho says ?* Mr. Davis was Governor of Mississippi, and when the Legislature pnssed a bill to pay the repudiated bonds ho vetoed it." What a mon strous lie I Mr. Davis never was Gov ernor of Mississippi, and no such bill was ever passed. Again Mr. Roosevelt says in his book, "Themoral difference between Benedict Arnold on the one hand and Aaron Burr or Jefferson Davis on the other is the difference between a poli tician who sells his vote for money aud one who supports a bad measure l) get a high political position." VV hat malig uaut venom there must be iu a man who would class .lellerson Davis with Aruold and Rurr; what amazing igno rance of historical facts to call him an arch traitor and a chief repudiator when at the very time of the repudia tion he was organizing a regiment to fiaht. the battles of his country on tho soil }f Mexico. There he was desper ately wounded, and for live years went on crutches. Our Southern people re gard Jefferson I)avi3 with emotions of the highest admiration, and 1 have su preme contempt for the ignorant or mnlignant historians and politicians who assail him. It gratifies me im mensely that the President and General Miles have fallen out, and thnl Miles got the worst of it, though I don't know who deserves the most scorn, the President for sluudcring Mr. Davis or Miles for putting shackles on him. Now if Roo8cvolt was man enough to retract what he wrote and ascribe it to ignorance or misinformation, he could restore himself to some extent to the favor of our people, for it is a fact that wo are liie in * forgiveness people on the earth, hut 1 have never yet known a Yankee politician to apologize for anything he did. They are the saints. Tho G. A. R.*s invite our boys to ban quet with them, but they don't apolo gize, and they wouldn't vote us a pon siou to savo our lives. I don't under stand tho President, and my opinion is ho don't understand himself. I don't believe he has mind enough to know his own mind. It* ho is really for civil war reform and an honest government, what did he turn out Evans for and put in a figurehead, unless it was to tickle the (J. A. IC's (grab all rascals) and get their inline nee in the next nominating convention. Perhaps be is the man " who supports a bad meas ure to get high political position." Well, of course any Bomof-a-guu can get a pension now and some who never had a gun. 1 believe a Confederate .soldier can get ono by grousing tho pension ngent. Only last week one of our esteemed fellow-citizons had busi noss ihal called him to a city in New York Stato and on being introduced to iho pension agent as Captain-bo was asked what sorvico ho was in. llo roplied, " In tho Virgiuia army." "So was 1," said the agent. " Have you gotten a pension ?" " No," said tho captain. " Well, let mo make out your application; it is time you had ono." Tho captaiu humored him for some timo while ho was tilling up the blank. "Were you at tho surrender?" said ho. " I was," said the captain. *? Whoso command wore you in then?" said the agent. " Goneral Wade Hampton's," said tho captain. " Tho dovil you say; yott wore a rebel, then. Ufijiv^irfucV here is the llrst rphe.l Hiavo ever made loutji .n?tl%!rrrn cl.uiu for and Ho louks like auch n gentleman. I'vo n good notion to send it up and got him one." The captain says ho could have gotten ono as oasy as falling off a log, if bo had just lied a little. Nowt Tutnlin told rno a long time ago that tho only wi y to got even with tho Republicans was to groase 'em or jine 'oin, but it 1 was safer to do both. But our people will forgive Teddy if ho will apologize for tho past and be havo in tho futuro. He has somo good traits which ho inhorhod from his mothor, but his impulses and oraotious are not well balanced. His gun goes off half cocked and he shoots with tho OABTOIIIA. fittn the st 1 he Kind You Haw Always BougW double wabbles. 1 ihink lie has about let tho uigger alono aud so has the North geuerally. Wo lynched ono iu Rome tho otlior day and I bavo never seen any mention of it in thoir papers. Our Governor didn't even offer a re ward nor has the circuit judgo mado any fuss about it. I reckon the towns and cities will now sympathise with the country people, for the crimo iu this case was committed in tho very centor of tho city nnd so was tho lynch ing, and nobody was disguised. I have been in fayor of lynching ever since they burned that negro in Dallas, Tex., aud I am still. When they lynch ono they ought to pick out nbout a dozen bad ones and whip them and mako them leave the country. That's tho I way they do iu Texas. Every com munity is in danger from menu, idle negroos. Whoso wife or daughter will be the next victim? If Teddy had boon in Rome, I won der what he would have done. 1 be lieve he would have joined tho lynch ors. Why not? lie is killing them by tho thou8auds in tho Philippines for no crime except loving their country. Our so-called soldiers are putting them to torture of tho most horrible kind, und burning their towns, and call it a war for the honor of the (lag. It makes the blood boil to rcud about it. They learned all this from Sherman during our civil war, aud have im proved upon the lesson that lie taught them. But 1 won't rumiuatu about it any longer. It makes me heartsick to ponder upon the iniquities of this administration. Those ten million ne groes cost us $2 a head, aud it has al ready cost us a head to subdue them, and we hove hardly begun. Let me go out und dig some .in the garden. Bill A nr. P. 8.?An old soldier, C. W. Sbit(, of Water Valley, Miss., sends me his photo as he lies in bed, where he has been for twenty-two years, paralyzed from wounds received at the battle of Franklin. He enlietcd in company G, First Mississippi infantry; was m tight at Fort Donaldson and Fort Hudson, and followed Hood from Atlanta to Tonnessee; was wounded at the battle of Franklin and taken prisoner. Ho has written a poem and dedicated it to his comrades. His homo has an old debt of $400 hanging over it, and will be sold before long. How many of the veterans who are going to Dallas will send him a dollar or half a dollar to save his old hctue? He will send each one Iiis picture and a copy of his poom. B. A. P. S.?I receive letters every mail asking questions or wanting favors of some sort. I answer those that have stamps inclosed. B. A. A. V. Winters, a veteran from Macon, Ga., died from heart diaoasc at the depot at Terrell, Texas, while on his way to the Dallas reunion. The gold contained in the medals, vessels, chains and other objects pre served in the Vatican would make more gold than tho whole of the pres ent European circulation. During the past year tho Kaiser has decorated no lower than 2,47:1 persona with cithor a star or a ribbon?a greater number than any year since Wilhelm II ascended I he. throne. The beautiful South Carolina monu ment on the Cbicamauga battlefield, consisting of a large bronze palmetto tree on a marble base, has been consid erable damaged recently by storms. Owing to the oppression by the Rus sian government of Finns, the latter are beginning to emigrate, and it is claimed that the mnjority of thoso who leave tho Czar's domain come to this country. The Japanese cat moie fish than any ot her people in tho world. With them meal eating is a foreign innova tion, conlitied to the rich, or rather to to thoso rich people who prefer it to tho national diet. In Humboldtand MendoclnO coun ties, California, there arc thirty-six saw-mills at work upon the famous red wood forests, which nro gradually dis appearing, tlio valuo of the output of the year 1000 being nearly 85,000,000. Mrs. Elizabeth If. Horton,of Salem, Mass., owner of tho famous interna tional doll collection, which has earned nearly $25,000 f?r charity has just re ceived from tho Queen of Houmaiiia, a doll with which tho Queen once played. The newest lighthouso on the j'V?.nch coast shows a beam visible at a dis. tance ol thirty-Dine nautical milesin clear woathor. It is a>luaJjrjrV"'Tm'"tne lie View., off tlmjg^rnch coast, to the nor.I. natjtf( tJshant, tho ldntr-rn being 2L^Teet above sea level. *^Tho n.n. 1.1 i used by Major Jobn llutlrick at tho North Uridgo in Con cord, on April 10, 1775, has boon pre sented by ins two groat-grandchildren, tho only remaining meuibeva of the family, to the ytato of Massachusetts, and it is to bo doposilod in tho State IIouso in Hosten for permanent pres ervation. A gigantic crano, which is styled by the Uoimans as " the largost crane in tho world," is to be seen in use at Kiol. Its own weight is 150 tons, and it is capablo of lifting as much as 'Wfr1 tons. Its arm Strolches fifty yards from point to point, and is fifty yards anil moro about the foundation. It ia I worked by electricity. Beam tie ^^^^^