Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE SOUTH NOT TO BE REPUBL1CANIZED. High Tariff Legislation a Menace to Our Material Prosperity. TRUSTS AN KNRMY TO SOUTHERN BUSINESS INTERESTS. WHAT WIO MOST N! KI? IS AOOK88 TO THE MAMKBT8 OtfTllK WO Uli? ttdilor Constitution; Your recent admin.hie editorial on iho tariff mi its relations to future party policy, must be UIV excuse, U" any be needed, tor tins c immunicutioo. We have heard much of late about the elimination of the neuro question from Southern politics, ami the conse quent upbuiidiug of a strong Republi can party in the Southern States, based, as the rumor runm tit, on the further ance of our material interests -as though adherence to Democratic pi ill ciples would retard our progress. Assuming for the sake of argutncni, and that only, that the 'ace issue is eliminated, and that the Southern pco plo are now entirely trie to pursue their "business'' interests, they can scarcely he expected to Sacrifice lho-e lHleiestft by adopting the cc> uomic policies winch, from beginning up to this date, have characterized the Re publican party. It is a serious mistake to suppose that sentiment alone has controlled in making the North Republican ami the South Democratic. Aside front war passion, now, happily, abated, the Re publican parly has always adopted an economic policy that was distinctly sectional and hostile to the South.. Its first task was the abolition of slavery, and no sooner was that accomplished, at fearful cost to the South, lhau it be gan its high tariff policy, which was a less open, but equally effective, method of carrying on an economic win against tin- South scarcely sur passed In material hardship by the Re publican pension poliey umicr which the South pays her proportion tosh ue of $150,000 0C0 annually to tin e in mon treasury, only to see it paid out among beneficiaries residing mostly beyond her borders. Doing in the mi nority, she could offer HOSUCCOSSful 1- - sistauce. I'rcvioUH lo the civil war the aveiage tariff rate varied from ? poi cent, in 1780, to -ji> per cent, in 18H5; lo -to per cent in 1828 (known as the ''Tariff <>f Abominations"), lo 24 ptr cent. in. 1842, to -J7 per cent, in 1847, ami lo 2~> per cent, in 1S57. Then came the Hopublicau tariff of 1801, about 510 per cent., of 1804-05 about 17 per cent., ol 1890 about ?l) per cent., ami finally the Dingley tariff of 1S!?7, estimated at about ?7 percent. This liepublican legislation, espec ially in its inception, was not intended to benefit the South. Had it borne equally upon all sections it would have failed, in large part, of its purpose. It was framed by a hostile, sectional party that took special care of its own local interests at the expense of the minority section, though in later years there has been an eagerness to enlist recruits by sheltcting a few .Southern products, which arc certainly entitled to equal favor in whatever discrimina tion is to be mado now or in the fu ture. The Federal Congress, with its North in majority, Will never pass a taiiff bill in whbse tpecial privileges the South will be permitted to partici pate on equal terms with the North. Our best hope lies in cutting down the special privileges rather than in trying to grab our share ol the spoils. Whatever benefits the South may have derived from the. uniformity clause ol the constitution in reference to taxation, they were wholly dispro portionate to the benefits received by the North. This disadvantage was not due to any fault or want of wis dom on (ho part of the: gcneiation of Southern people then in life, but to our social, Quancial and material en vironment, created by forces operating before that generation was born. It is important in this connection to bear in mind one of I he simplest and plainest truths of political economy, namely, that a tariff < 11 imports is in effect a tax on exports. Whether a given tariff rale on im ports produces an exactly equivalent burden on exports may be open to doubt, hut thai a tariff tax levied on goods coining into a country lessens the exchangeable value of goods going out of the same country is not denied, ?o far as I am aware, by a mnglc rep utable thinker or writer on the sub ject. Any business man can make his own practical application of this truth. From that truth it necessarily fol lows that a tariff on imports falls with special severity on those particular in dustries which furnish the experts given in exchange for the imports. What industries havo borne tins special burden? In 1k'20 agriculture* furnished hi perl cent, of our total exports, and with j alight variations it still furnished in 1880 aa high as 82.25'per cent. One of the most important items was tlio South'a great contribution of her raw cotton, which from the lirst was es sentially an expiated product, and which was greater in proportion than the exported product Of any other sc< tion. It is easy, therefore, to lix the status of ttie cotton grower as a hurden-bcur cr under the tariff. But in recent years we have turned to manufacturing our raw rotten, ard bavo already gone beyond the capacity of the home market. In 1900 our ex ports of uncolored cotton goods, such as we generally make in the South, amounted to $13,220,448. Of the same kind of cloth we im ported only $8$7*604, a mere bagatelle, showing not only that our mills need no protection hi this line, hut that a bo ill' rate on theso manufactured Cot tons would not be of any practical value, no maitbr bow high jou might tlx it on paper. No man can devise a tariff scheme that will materially help a heavy exporting industry operating under the Jaws of competition, if it can undc'scll its rivals in f mdgn i markets, it can certainly do tbe same j thing in its home inarkit with freight (barges in its favor. Our manufacture!a of uncolorcd cot ton gooila ate, therefore, in the same situation now with the growers of raw cotton, and iu that fac thcio is much hope for those patient plodders of the I soil who have lolled bo long lo m iko [others rich. And th? \ are not with out othor prospective allies, fur ovi ry industry that roaches a vigorous ex porting development becomes ipso facto, an economic enemy <>i n liigh tariff, excepting always, ami, of course, : those brigauds <?t' commerce, iiu1 trus's that uro able to crush competition at homo and exact for their uooda a pre mium in tbo home mirk tjliveruud above tlir prior uekcd in ih>' foreign market. No two industries in the South are moro directly antagonistic lo I lie lie publican high tariff Hum cotton grow ing and cotton mnuufacluiiug. in view of this fact, bow (strange it stems that this new movement lo Republi can Izo the South should appatently lie lathered by the cotton mill presidents of our neighboring Slates of Noun and South Carol mal Perhaps ihe. stock boldots will soon apply the proper cor rective. It is possible, loo, Unit the men behind the looms may have some thing to say about it. The Democratic parly has always favored our acecss lo tbo markets of the world. The Re publican tariff helps lo ?Inn those markets against us. W hat has been said of cotton grow tug and cotton manufacturing is rela tively true ot Southern coal and pig iron, both of which have outgrown home consumption. The "oil gushers" of Texas certainly need no piolcclion. That recent mooting of manufactur ers in Detroit, at which foreign mar kets were demanded for surplus pro duels and tariff reductions advocated, gives abundant proof that many other industries in other sections of the country have reached ihe binge of i x portntion, which economically inter preted, means ihe stage of lurilT re duction. From the present indications the ex port in ^ imlu-11 ies of the. Untied St alt s will soon be in u position to tlomaud a r< lorin ol llic Im iIT und in c nforce ih u demand at the ballot box, though Ihej will be bitterly fought by those nu^;s that have monopolized tin: home mar ket and that acll to foreigners cheaper than to homo people. What our cotton producers and cot Ion manufacturers inosi need is a market for their products Such is the volume of our output that no suf ficient market can he found Without going to foreign countries. The chief obstacle lo foreign mark ets is our exclusive tariff system, which bears bo unequally upon us. Wo can not soli permanently to other nations unless wo permit them to sell to us. Trade, m its last aunlysis, i-. an ex cl angu of products. The Uamillonian doc rino of pro tection to "infant industries," to round off and perfect the symmetry of our national growth, rested on a genuine scientific basis, although the South was compelled to make the heaviest sacrifice for this national good to the enrichment of the North. But in most lines we t.ave now passed beyond the siage of "infant industries," and the national welfare no longer demands such sacrifice. It is an economic wrong, and ought lo be for any free, peoph an intolera ble injustice that they should he taxed to protect an industry that sells iis pioductS ill foreign countries cheaper than at home. Why should we pay a premium in order that our trade com petitors may get a discount? To illustrate, Southern llussia is now entering into competition with us in the production of cotton. Hut American steel rails to equip a road in Russia to open up cotton lauds can be. bought in the English market cheaper than those same rails can he bought m the American market lo equip a road through cotton lands in Georgia or Texas. The steel company is only one of the many thus Sheltered by the tariff. These trusts, like the serpent in the fable, are biting the breast that warm ed then) into life. Our government 03 'cnditures arc too colossal and our industries built up on protection scaffolding are too many and too insecure for us to talk serious ly now about demolishing the tariff system, hut common sense and com mon justice cry out for reform of its abuses. The Republican parly, judged by Us past, is not competent for (his work. It would be difficult for good Ameri can citizens to lind belter employment just now than knocking bricks off the top of the tariff wall. Hy ?II moans lot us have, broad con ceptions, independent thought, and free discussion, to the end that we may lind out the. truth for the. good of the country rather than of party, lint independence, of thought does not re quire us to become Republicans?nor docs it permit such transfoi mat ion under existing conditions. The Re publican party cannot establish itself Hi the South by proclaiming a nieie [ sentiment of renewed btotberly love, which we fully reciprocate, nor by dis tributing a few Federal offlces. It will have to change ils economic, policy, tbo distinguishing characteristic of which is now a high trusl-brecding protective tariff that is antagonistic to the, Soulh's business iutcreMs and also to the national weil arc. William II. FLEMING. Augusta, Qa., Juno 1!?, 1001. Some people are always fussing with the weather. If it rains they pine fur dry weather, and it it is dry they quar rel with the dust, if it is cold they pine for summer, ami when it is hot they long for winter. What is to he done with such people? I CASTOR IA The Kind You Have Always Bought For Infanta and Children. Bears the Slguuturu of RHEUMATISM and CATARRH CURED -IJY Johnston's Sarsaparilla QUART BOTTLES. IN THE SHADOW OF BEATH. a Whole family Carod. Mrs. C. II. Kingsbury, who keeps a millinery and faucy goods store at St. Louis, Gratiot Co., Mich., and who is well known througho'it the country, Bays: 1 was badly troubled with rheuma tism, catarrh and neuralgia. I had liver complaint and was very bilious. I was in a bad condition; every day I be pan to fear that 1 should never be a well woman; thut I should havo to Bettle down into a chronic invalid, and live in the shadow o'' death. 1 had JOHNSTONS SARSA.'ARILLA rec ommended to mo. I TOOK FOUR IU1TTI.ES AND IT CURED ME, and cured my family both. I am very glad that I heard of it. 1 would cheerfully recommend It to every one. I have taken raauy other hinds of medicine. 1 prefer JOHNSTON'S to all ol them." MIC1I1UA.N OHI O CO., Doti-olt, Utob. SENATOR VEST ON THE DOG When All Other Friends Desert He Remains True to His Master. One of ihn most eloquent tributes ever paid 10 the dog was delivered by Senator Vest, of Missouri, some years ago. He was attending court in a country town, ami while waiting for the trial of a ease in wilicll ho was in (crested he was urged by the nitor uoys in i dog case to help thetu. He was paid a lee of $2o0 by the plniuliff. Voluminous evidence was introduced lo show 'hat the defendant had shot the dog in malice, while other evidence went lo show that I ho dog had attacked tlio defendant. Vest took no part in the trial and was not disposed lo speak. The iltorneys, however, urged him to make a speech, else their client would not think he had i ained Ins fco. Heilig thus urged lie arose, scanned the I'tico of each juryman for a moment, and said; " (ienllemeu of (ho Jury: The besl friend a iunu lias in (ho world may turn against him and become Iiis enemy. Ills son or daughter that he lias reared with i >vini? care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest lo us, those whom wo trust with our happiness and our good name, may be come traitors to their faith. The money that a man has he may lose. It Hies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A man's reputation nvy he sacrificed in a moment of ill considercd action. The people, who are prone to lull on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may he the Aral to throw the stone of inlice when failure sritics its cloud upon our bonds. The one absolutely unselfish friend that man can have in this selll4*!) world, the one that never d< sells him, the 0110 that never piovcs ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog. A man's dog stands by him in pros perity ami in poverty, in health and in sickness, lie w ill sie? p on the cold gl'OUIl ., wbei'O the wintry winds Mow, and the snow (bivOS tieicely, if only bo may be near his niastei's side. He will kiss tbo hand Hint has no food to oiler; he will lick the wounds and sores that come ill encounter with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince. Wie n all Other friends desert he remains. When riches take WIUg8 and reputation falls lo pieces he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journeys lb rough the heavens. " If foilune drives the master forth an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the. faithful dog asks no higher privilege, than that of accom panying him, to guard him against danger, to flgbl against his cnennos. And when Ihe last scene of nil conies and death takes the master in its em brace, and his body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all Other friends pursue their way, there by the. graveside will the. noble dog be found, his head between bis paws, his eyes sad, hut open in alert watchfulncss, faithful and true even in death." Then Vest sat down. He had spoken in a low voice, without a gesture. He made no reference lO the evidence or the merits of the eaeo. When he finished judge and jury were wiping their eyes. The jury tiled out, but soon entered with a verdict in favor of the plaintiff for $000 He had sued for $200. It is even said that some of Ihe jurors wanted lo hang the defen dant. Lkt lTs Act Quickly. -The farm ers of (lie state in general will do well to heed the. admonitions contained in the. admirable address recently issued to the farmers of Ncwborry County, by Mr. Milton A. Carlisle, chairman of the. Exposition Commission for New berry County. He calls upon them to " begin the preparation of farm pro ducts for exhibits at Charleston,", ami tells them that it is to " the Internst of every progressive, farmer to make an exhibit of those crops " wheat and oats which are now being har vested." Mr. Carlisle says: "Sell cl now from the best of your wheat and oats in one or more bushel lots. Also select a dOKOQ sheaves or bun des, of tho best of each, and preserve them in as good condition as you can." The farmers arc also urged to begin preparations for " Exhibits of nil Other crops espe cially cotn, tobacco, rice and potatoes," and Mr. Carlisle explains the (IrstslOpS in preparing exhibits of these crops. He concludes : "Let us all act and act quickly and vigorously in golting no exhibits." Htiflpborrivfl and blackberries require a well drained soil highly fertilized. Tbi'V <b> besi when tho ground i? mulohed. OABTOniA. THE CONVICTION OF WM A. NEAL. Former Superintendent of Mute 1*. nihmii ir\ The Jury R* commended Him to Mercy of the (Join t The trial of Col. W. A. Nonl, former Kuporintcndonl of Hie State pouitcu liary, for failure to turn overiuonoy to Iiis sneers-or wit hin the lime pro scribed l>\ law, was hold last week in Columbia ami tin- jury returned a ver dict of guilty with recommendation to the mercy ol the court. Tills ease has uitraded much attention in the state, not only on account of the prominence of the dofouduut ami hisa'jtlvil^ in poli tics lining the past ten your** or more, hut also from the fact that he was ac quitted last year upon a charge that was even more serious in connection With the duties of hisolllco. The case was given lo the jury at twelve o'clock on Saturday and at live the. court was Informed that a verdict had been leached, When the jury had been brought into court, a slip of paper was handed to the clerk by the foreman. This slip contained the Ver dict which read: "The State agaimi vv. A. Nonl. Guilty, with recommou tint loll to the mercy of the court. J. M. Vail Metre, foreman.Meal was in the court room at the lime, lie did not evnco any surprise when the verdict was rend. Tins is one of the few violations oi law in which motive is loft out .if the question, yet the penally is quite se vere. The statutes declare thai a pub lic olllcer found guilty of ihe charge in tin: indictment shall, upon conviction, bo liable to a line of si.nun ami im prison niCIlt for not exceeding UvolVt months. oSection 304" of the criminal st.ilmcs of 18% 18 the law under which the in dictment was bused. Lt declares: >-li shall he the duty of every sheriff, judge id probate, clerk of court of common pleas, county treasurer and .013- other Stale or county olliccr, entrusted with funds by virtue of his ollicu, upon io Illing from Ollico to turn over to his successor all moneys received by him as such olliccr, within 30 duy? from the lime when his success 0 shall have, en lured upon the duties of bisoUlcu," etc. The lea tu res ol the ease, on Saturday were the verdict returned by the jury ; ( ol. Nelson' scathing criticism ol the penitentiary directors and of tbo com mittee winch investigated the affairs of the penitentiary; the splendid argu ment oi Gen. Ilelliugor and tbo charge of Judge Gary. After the construc tion ol the law by the judge, the jury could not lind a verdict of 1101 iruillv. The Stale seems to have In en ma terially helped by the resort of the de fense to the ( lea that Ncnl was addict ed to the use of morphine. It appear* ed that this was a despernlc chance for the defense, and (Soil, 'ielliugor's shrewd and logical cross questioning drew from the physicians who testified lor the di tense an admission that a man is morally responsible as long as he knows right I rout wrong. Judge Gary held that if Nonl collect ed the money in quostion, and del not expend it for legitimate ponilenliaty purposes, r.nd then failed to turn n over I i his successor within thirty days, iln II he was guilty under the statute. The payment to the. bondsmen was notacompliai.ee with the statute and not a defence. Judge Gary held that the law ex cused two classes: Children ami idiots or the insane. To plead insanity it must he shown that the parly could not distinguish between right and wrong. If the party knew the differ ence between right and wrong insanity was not a defence, but if he did not know the difference between right ami wrong it was a complete defence. When the verdict WAS brought in and read Mr. Hoggs moved for a new trial, and it was decided that the motion will be heard on Monday morn ing. In the meanwhile Noal is under bond and was not deprived of his liberty. If the DOW trial is not allowed it is generally thought that an appeal to the supreme court will he. taken. It may be noted that in the Assman case, which is the only other case of convic tion under the same statute as Noal, the offender was sentenced to I lu ce mouths in the county jail. Mr. 1'. II. Nelson opened for the de fense. He declined (hat the. jury be fore, convicting Ins client should he. I satisfied that Meal had in his posses sion ?not indefinite amounts?hut the particular sums named in the Indict ment. He cited supremo court decis ions showing that it must be moved Hint all ami not part of thu money was not turned over. Ilo contended that Ihe monoy was legally disbursed as shown hy the evidence of Col. Jonen in connection with that of Noal. Tliis indictment makes four specific charges: That Noal failed to turn over to bis successors $1,000 between N- vetubor 22nd and Decembor 10th, lau?, and $544 belweon February 24tb to 27111, 1807. Mr. Nelson went on to say that from j the period November 22nd lo Decem ber 0th, lH'.i.?, Noal deposited over Uf.7,U(K). This was the tune wboh Neal was accused ol making away with I$1,000. In February, IK;.?, 24 It lo JTlh, Col. Neal deposited over $000. This was at (he time the $54'1 is charg ed against him in Ihe indictment. Not only did he (lop ?Sit these amounts, hut he checked them out as supcrin tendon t. The superinlendunl is allowed in the absence of the hoard of directors lo pay out any money necOflsary in the running expenses. Col. .Jones tCSlilh d that Meal's checks as superintendent showed where, that money was dis burse 1. Neal is not culled upon t" prove his innocence. The ."Stute must prove bim guilty. Hut not one. suhl* titln of evident o hu* been produced to aliow whore the money wont to, The defense has produced evidence thai th.it money deposited hy Neat was lhal j which was collected from Fowler and i Hammond. Nonl had himself mo testi fied and no evidence liad J>ccn pro duced to refuto it. Mr. Nehon then came to the Inves tigation of the pcaitcutiaiy iu 1800 hy I tho committee of "live astute lawyers." ' Hu (Iceland I ho outcome of the in von* tlgnlioti was im?' t?t tin- greatest farces ! over perpetrated in (his Slate. These j live astute officers nt tin- Si i'e drew their per diom and mileage und en joy e I ! themselves lluriiug oul where -i dltle butiormllk, or a row sinwberrios or h ?me cabbages went. They wound u:> b"y accoptiug Neat's own statement as to Ins indobtcducss, uiul aelu ills de ducted uu Item ol -T.!J which Noal acknowl ulyod be owed. They never failod to (ir.i v (bi ir p< r diem und mileage, tbo Legislature having appro priated SM,00U for their pay. He pictured the change in Neat's condition. In Is'.i.", Meal eaine It re in power and honored by many Iii ml*. Then when this matter eutne up poll licinns were arraigned ngdust Noal and he was desei ted by nun who b ?? lore would have been glad lo lie hi^ shoestrings. There A-a one man who ?tood by him vVi.i< .1 lies. l>o yon think Wilie Jo'ne.s wo lid a> i ei it ? with a dishonest man ? Would he be in timate with a man, who,as it lias b > n intimnlod by tbu state, bus e si the batfk s-j jino ? Mr. Nelson then emphasise d the fact Hint Superintendent (irillilh had tesli llod that he would noi have accept I i payment and have given a receipt in lull to Neal when UrdUlh took charge i>l the ofll !o. The l> ?oks and accounts of tlio penitentiary might not have beon kept ship shape, hut No i! to he made a scapegoat ? He iuilined on Ilm penitentiary board lor being lax and careless in the discharge <>i' u> duty. This man has done nothing more lor Which he iuu.-1 he held lO-fpoilSlhlc ih in have the 25 or .'50 uthei ? >Hi? i.i1 - <? inueclcd with the insitluli >n while Im was there. Mr. Nelson called litten. Ii hi to the fact that Noal hail he, n I.icd and acquitted on one of thu Items of the indictment, ahhoti/h on a diffor eut charge. Can Neal !? held guilty of not turning over this money V II?' says (hat ho dep isited the mom v " hen he received it, The State lias not dis proved it, Tlie chairman of the investigating committee has said thai there was con fusion in the accounts, tilth aigh Iho management of the farms waiall right!" The chairman ol the committee did not testify that Ncai had purposely held hack anything Suppose Neal had been unfortunate in lhose times. II.is ho no) paid i vety cent ho owes? lia> i hu State loal a cent by him ? If anything has gone wrong in this institulii n, wh ?so fauli is .i ? Is it Ne d s laud ? lias Ni al tooled the public '.' Il l- Nl III lo .led the general i.sscnibl\ ? Shall the I ? islutu committees be without blame ? /Vre the penitentiary direct ?ri of thai period blameless? If they had dolU their duly and have made monthly ex aminations of Hu l> ?oks llieso derolic lions would hav e he: ii stoppe I al one . If ihn board ol directors knew of h\i physical condition, i-houhl fh v no have been more ^tiaxled ? What has been Ne.tl's conducl ? Di l he tml oi ler to pay the Mali- every cent as s um as he knew how much he was due ? And did he not pay if ? I lie hue and cry ol the populace IUI I the [ins.- is hard lo withstand. This man wie denonilliali d the kitig-m ik or " of the State, ami hut for ids prom inence as a public ollicei hi' wiaihl never have been prosecuted. If he, had been a private party, and an em ploye of a corporation, nothing would ever have hccti heard ol it. This he said with the giealesl respect lor the prosecuting officers who are trying to do their duly. Mr. Nelson con lined himself princi pally loa discussion ol the evidence. He spoke, with his usual earnestness ami directness, and handled his cause in a most creditable nianiii r. M It. o. nUNOA.N HI.1.1.1 N'OKII, the attorney general, made the closing ' argument in the case. Ho had shown considerable vigor in cross-examining the witnesses of the defense, and hi spirited argument was not a surprise He began by saying that it is an in correct statoment of facts for Mr. Nel son to argue that had YV. A. Neal been a private eiligen there would havi been no prosecution. On the central') had Ntal been nil ordinary priv He c.ti/.en, no hope of acquittal would have entered the breasts of the deft nsu. This case is being tried under the law Of South Carolina, not under the public opinion or of newspaper criticism. In reply to Mr. Nelson he asked where ' is there a newspaper hounding Neal down? He said that out of his public career of twenty years, nearly h df has b< > i spent in an ill'ue do vo! olio the on forcoment of tho criminal laws ami a - signed to the proscculii ii of criminals. Within that lime and under stich cir cumstauccs there is apt lo bo impress ed upon the mind ami he.nl of ally man a n veicnce for law ami a respect for its true, representatives. Li is hut human thai in such a Hold thorc should be found Rccii and bitter dis appointments, hut one. can make light of failure, who does his own duty and leaves the result With bun who read all loans. Tins trial presents n question and II lesi of good cmiixi-11 111]i h ims been truly said the' UO law can he etifoi't oppo-cd by public opinion and it may 1)0 unfoi tunalcl\ true thai juries loo often represent public opinion. I'd Iho serious mind, liighor than iho question of cilizonahip as involved in casos like this, is that of manhood and illdividu il honor and as Uiliplioil id' dlltv. A man who Hilda il hard lo pert' im n simple duty 11(1(1 CA8J 10 slin k il 111 UlO lure ol popular clumor, is n moral coward and lie, who willingly silling in judgment would screoti t he guilty by violniiiiji hia plighted word has sacrlfied llifl man ly honor. It has been his puinftll duty in Ins Ii Coli mo io prosccu 0 some ot ins don rest friends. The profound linporlnnca of this Irml in shown by the. fact I bill this is the llrst time since ibo diiya ol '7i'? that S State olliccr has heen brought to the bar of justice to answer for bis pecu lations. In ftOtna things it recalls to the student of history the great trial of the grout viceroy of India in ihe <??,?? n ing ycurs ?'t' ? lu; last ccntur. within Westminister's historic walls. Win n-n Hastings Im I added an einpire lo Ihe lioiiiinioiia of Iiis kinsr, imi ti.'1 pump ami eiretiniatniieo ol Ins royal ?position, surrounded by Ihu iiiirvai lug splendor ttnil Inviab wodthof Ilm orient, warmed into life Mir cupidity "t tin- runed busii oss man and lulled lo slumbi r Ihu drowsy conscience of ibo trusted solvent, Tin1 mighty fell, nod was brotiglil lu answer charges before an oui iugcil pe< p o Less than a decode ago the man who sits li> lore you today was elected, by the assembled representatives of the people, to our oi ihe niosl coveted and cap usihle p >sit ons within lh? u'i^fi ?f the Stu ??. Absolute master of a thou sand slaves, uulrammelcd lord ovor ustalcs baronial in extent, his edict employed lie1 man to administer cor poral punishment to iboc.onvlcl, up politic I the physician - to heal his WOUIlds, Ml 1 called Ihe priest to till' minister lo his spiritual needs; a ct u lurinn with cnplaius and sergeants and corp ?ralfi ami guards under him. ii" s.iith unto '.Ins man go, and he ?_""ih and lo another coilli ami he ? o,De h." I CiUISC for grout w onder that lie reai I, I. nh for greater power and assumed to he the political dictator of a commonweallh of tree nun? Willi nllC-l nih of l 10 gross revenues of the >; lo pu.?si ig yearly through his hands. ?\ i Ii &ul> superintendents and Blowards and cashiers mill bookkeepers the creatures of his own despotic win, growing temptation anil unsy oppoi' I unity undermine Ihu imposing odillcu ami what once stood for chnrnctur falls a shapeless muss of ruins, lint hero tlio analogy ends and the contrast be gins. Continuing, ho said: ?? No tilled lord sji^ upon the hunch, bul a man who lias sprung from tin- people, with like passions and sympathies, knowing his du'.v only us hi- oath and llio laws proscribe. No lliirko or Sheridan in words oi Tu ry indignation an I burning eloquence cty lor vangeunco, only iwe pi dn men charged by our fellow ciii /.oils with the woil- in blind, conn: be fore you bvgging for tbo vindication of a Violated I.UV tilld justicu lor an out rage ? Siah:. .\s triers of tin- fact, you sii 1.0! iburo as lords "i ihe realm, by tbo grace of a monarch or by Inheri tance of a lony line of noble ancestors, inn only as * moo, high-inii.de I nu ?>.' His honor ui Hm heiich, the solicitor und I are hen: because it is our duly, nol because we voluntarily assume ibis particular n sp< nsibiliiy. Hut you a- good und lawful in. 11 when asked if you won!,1 give both sides juslice, an swered yes, ami willingly uiidertoook the Imidin, and staled your com pad Wil Ii \ oil- 0:0 Iis " The Indictment in ilii- enac has boon passed upon by tin supreme court and Um In ii declared valid. Neal was elect' <i in I80JI and on Iii-; own tosti in ii v admits that ho did uoi havo a -1 Ith in in with iIn' in-iiiuli 'ii until 1800. N Ii it is tin- di reuse ? I n it "iruiltA except for the reason of insan ity v" I - n that he has sotth d with tin- .Van a- sooi] a- In kill w how UUtch he owed V Is it thai In- nevei made misuse of ihe funds at ail ? Docs any bod) know what tin' defense renlly is? M uvc inusl enter ii>i<> the n ml of ibis ??st- as throwing light upon the question al bsuo. lb- handled tin' business reckless!) in i rder to tlil his pockets with ?jam. Fowlnr furnishes proof nl an (-x press od design on Neal's jairi lo deceive tin- Legislature ami to Um? iii-nii' ins re-election. While bo for four years forg t all about this one thousand dollar-*, which he said had been spent <>n traveling expenses, he novi rthelei'S remembered lo render an aceouul lor traveling expenses aggre gating SUM) from August, 1805, t<> .1 muary, 1800, and In- collected this, tie reporied the accounts ol Fowler ami Ilauuiioud outstanding although he. had months before collected these amount-- ami had purposely failed to credit the sann'. Ilr charged thai Neal was a hypo crite. Ilf referred i-areaslically to Neal's report lo Ihe Legislature that the spiritual condition of the convicts was gratifying lo the superintendent Col, .loins did not sav what money Neal hid deposited. Of course Ncul had drawn it out as superintendent, P i In had deposited it as superintend ent. Nei - Ultornuyp had vaunted the fact that in he indictment for breach ol trust Neal had not a witness lo tcs tif) in hi- hchall ami yet he was ac quitted. Pel haps Neal lloW feels like kick! g h m ed ail over the com (house tor lestilyhlg in this case, for he has so opcid) conti tdlcied his leslimony hoforo H e legislative investigating coiumitti e. in hchall oi ihe invest nutting com mitteo, he sai I in reply to .Mr. Nelson ih it (ho M ite might have spent *1 ,<inn lo coitduc (he impdry into Neal's ad nnnistral on. but h wan worth $20,000 to have unearthed all this rascality. In passing ho r< marked upon the ease j widi winch people obtain pardons these (III) s. I Why did Neal never rcporl from I |H05 until 1800 a dollar of this mono)? Why did he not know how much he owed? With thai mind saturated with opium, (I'd llC Hot keep these, item- in Ins head lor |\ nr lollg ycni'd ? Ca pi. liriiliih showed his good judgment when he refllSi d lo give a l'( ? eipt for III dehtcdliess when Neal shoved a chick for Sl7J at him a- settlement of hi ncCOlint. W hile it i expressly laid down as lawih.it the motives ol the d 'fundaiil are immaterial to tin- issue, the arguing of the facts In prove Iho charge will Btlggost the motives ami demonstrate the muht fhh of tin transactions. Ilowdid ho perform the plain diitn - imposed upon him? Can icssiy, rccroauuy, nisrcgardrul ??i in trust and with :i viru to IUI hl* pockets ?villi (lisIlOIH'Sl L'iilliH. Ho fllllod l6 lake bonds, as require^ by law, ii ho thought if pnrtioa good. Collected largo IUUOUIU?, some "I which Iii' ic orted und tinned in und muuu bo kept I und 8iiid n tiling. Deceived tbo board oi di cciius and Iba I.ogislnturo by re porting Hammond and Fowler as ow ing $1,000, when ho know tbov owed nothing, as ho hftd collected $600 from each of them and Bp< i i the last dollar. W< purled a large imaginary sum as prOll B for the pcnilcnii r.y, in order, I y ihl* apparently splendid linancial ' success, to sccuro, undor falso pre ROVAL powder Absolutely Pure Makes the food more delicious and wholesome teiiccs, Ins re-election to further his In i irious designs. Forgot four years etui until ro molded by the invesiignt lug couimitteu to have the bookkeeper cuter up ins collections for travoiing expenses for 181)5, but icmcnibcicd to il nur from him si. i over and above \hut in luul take... In the WdidS of ?.' great lawyer, 1'surely such uu Invention of liuauco n iver was. beard of?an exchequer win n iii extortion was tlio assessor, frau 1 the cashier, confusion the ac countant, concealment ihe reporter and oblivion tin* remembrancer ; in ?bort, such as no man, but one driven into frcn/.y by guilt, could ever have dreamed of." II is not 'he servant of the beard of directors. Tlie superintendent is co-ordinate with the hoard ami neither a servant exceptio the Stale. Neal madu Iiis icport to the board and I bo hoard made n> n port on this showing. \s ibo reports show Neal deceived the hoard tune and nuaiu. How Iben i couui iho board have known liow the , affairs worn when be reportod it a- un paid and in v I cicdilod il? n I hu books? He obtained Iiis election twice under fal-e pretonscs. Mr. Hol linger read Iiis receipt to Neal n> winch il spcciiics that Neal owed 11 ii- Star the amounts named in thi> indictment. Wh) did W i11 it- Jones pay this mono) ? Ikceuse he had it to 110 ? When did Neal pay Willie Jones? In i Ictobei, 18P9. A> to (hi; acquittal under Ihe other indictment, that of In each of trust, it ?mist h>' shown that a m m intends lo steal money froin tin* luoiueul ii is |>nt into In- hands. BILL ARP TALKS ON vSUICIDIv One to Unhealthy Condition of Mind?Chopping Wood n Sine Cure. Atlanta Constitution: l he increasing prevail nee of >m<ad< s ludieidcs an in liculih\ eouditiou ol lllind and body, and I have thought thai d the man would quit thinking about his troubles ami go to chopping wood or digging in thu garden, <> < m n go hunting ami got up a good circuit! inui he would ni l bet ei ami conclude to live t o a whin- longer. The bod) affects the mind und when the blood 111 the veins gets thick ami slu. gi-h ami the secretions become siauuaui, ihe miud gots diseased ami morbid, the t motions me out of iutic ami the man uclutlll) belie c- he would lind resl and peace in death. Ii i- strung) that mi) mar id education or roll lie* mem would entertain such an unreason uhlo hope. What tlid the schoolte ichei ot Dalian accomplish hy killing In. McNeil ami himself? Where is the ecli loitcuchcr how? When two ?. n euiies light a duel ami both tue killed, how do i heir spit its meul in the other wor'd? Do the) shake hands r renew tl e'iuh.. for. of course, Ihe) an- not ii. In aven? \\ hat does ti t young Man accomplish hy killing his sweetheart ami then himself? Are they not thou forever separated? What .he- any. bod) gain by suicide? A- Hamlet say>: " la it not bolter to bear tin iih we have than ils to others that wi know not ol?" Why not run awn) from yoursell? Iluii to the woo l , keop on running?jump ihe branches,1 swim the rivers, ;it wet, gel tired word in the garden, tin.', hoe. i hop wi>"k, mount a horse ami Mile furlousl) tin)thing to divert the diseased mind from its train ol thought. M\ good old faihci was nllheled with rhetimatitnn ami when he felt the acute, agoui/.ing pains coming on he would rouse up ami limp awa) ami make for the farm, and won;.', walk faster and faster as Iho pain- increased, ami would actuall) make them uahamud ami ihcv would h ave him lor a day or two. To keep the miud in a good, noiuial condition the body must he ex ercised. Sedentary occupations are not health) for nu n, ami t veil w men should Hy HI und Ihe house with a h room or wash the windows occasional ly, or dig among Iho (lowers. It will n,,l do lor then] lo -il ami sew all the lime. I am sorry for these unmarried girls who have io run ihe machine all ihe llil) long and gel no healthy ex ercise except for tin ankle bones. When they gel married and ihe babies come idoiig they me prett) sate, for little children givo a mother diversion enough. A motlu i w ith a babe in hei arms never thinks of suicido, Kven il her husbnnd Is ciuol lo her or is a drunkard, she will live on and t>n for the sake of the child. We ii dice that most of (ho suicides occur among the youtij inch and are caused loan iiilemperaiue or disap pointed love or failure to make money last, or laing caught In emhe/./.lemetii (dnis stealing) Othello killed bun :.e|| 111 e 111 e he folltl 1 ? lit ill it lie bad ivro" gfullv kille I hi. wife, and shake spearc snys he was gieu ol heart.1 I reckon ho was, considering that In wa- a Mo ?r and -!i 1 IIol bolleVC in m hcrea'tor. It w s ihe host thhig and ihe most heroic thing that lie could do. It w.i- ihe vet) nitcu-ii\ of grief and ivpeliinnrc ami has no parallel in Illodt in UlleidO", for most all of them I arc a lllsh of ruViMigi lul. It was liki the linriktri of .Sau , or of the ancient IHM ah W III 11 ilcfoaii <i 111 I? it! If. Tlio most nl inning fonlin e nboul ihc?c suicides of our young nu n is tin Indication (hut llioy are not t?f i i--\? 1 - in the Christian religion. No ^.m, in.in w ill t ikcliis own life if hi' believe!' in benvon nud lu ll .o il a future state of n wards nud |itinisbinenl . Ilu wil bo afraid to. 'l ue Itiilueuee of inodori llcliou on Ibo V' uiliiul mind litis muri' j to do With it, fo( a great deal of it i tainted with athoism and llilidelily liven smile of Ihe stand.nil writers, BUCb an Hume ami Disraeli hid lei their had impression. Tbo latter threw u dark shadow ever lifo und aays thai " youth is a blunder, manhood a strug glo and old ago a regret." I- it not tai botlor to take a m ?ro hopeful view ol* life and say like tbo ' poet, Horace Smith : ? [It 6 world is very lovely! Oh. my God, 1 thank thee that I live.' Or to say like Longfellow ? " late is roal?lifo >s oarnost, A nd the fjrave is nut its final." Il is easy to diagnose a poet's ?6tU I pcramont or a philosopher's by his wiitings?some are gloomy au i some uro blight and cbcerlul, I was mini uating about tboso young men who have just graduated at my alma mater and the other home colleges, and won dering bow many of them would prove a success in life and twenty j ears hence exclaim with the poet, u Ob, nty God, I thank Thee that I live." Fifty-four years ago 1 was at Athens, in the class of ' IT, and of the forty-two then living there are now hut half a dozen loft. Many of them lived and died and uiado no siyiis. Some of them saw trouble ami some made good citizens, good husbands and fathers; and just so his tory repeats itself all along the genera tions. H grieved mo that I could n >t nttetid Iho centennial und commune with the alumni und rcjoico with Ihe young und feel lonsly with the old. Thou there is old college and new college, and the chapel and the campus and the two halls that are still unchanged. I wonder how many boys have occ upied the old room thai Hriscoo and 1 lived in for two long years'. I saw it in the picture and fell like it was still my room, lite ailaulhus Ircos (by a mis nomer called the tree of heaven) grew (dose to our win.lows und extended Ik ir nauseating odors to ihe dormi tory where WO slept, and the hoys all along the liuo complained, hut the faculty said Ml would soon pass away, I and tbo tri es were imported from China, the Celestial Kmpiro, and they were called the tries of heaven. So <"ie dark nigh! the boys (not I) got axes and girdled them and they .lud and went lo heaven in China, whore they came from. For some months 1 roomed in new college, and so did our tutor, who wart cross and never smiled, for he was an old bachelor peace to his ashes. He wouldeiit hi mo nor Chess Howard play on the Mute utter study hours at. night, nor let lien Moscly and Dick Farmer play on the fiddle. Said it an noyed Inni, and so some ol the boys (not I) got some old cannon halls from the urinory and awav in the dead hour <>l night, when deep sleep fillIctil upon a man or a tutor, they rolled a six founder along the lo:.ur bail 200 feet light by his door, which was about midway. When it got l" tie: other ?. ml another hoy slipped out ami lolled it Lack again, and this rolling nud runi blinjj w as kept up for a i me' until there Itappi lud just What they thought A'Ould happen. The tutor ha I opened a CM k in Ins do ?r, and w hen he heard ilie hall coming lor the fifth lime he slipped out suddenly ami slopped il wtlh Ilia loo*, am! picked il up and look if in his room. Thai was just what the hoys (not I) wanted, foi they had another one i-i ihe lire giltlng hoi. in due lime they look it in the shovel and sent n slo \ly ? I iwn the hallway, and it stopped not fur from his door. (,?uick!> he stopp? d out and ihe light from hi* room showed him ihe hall. He sci/.cd it with his right hand ami straightway dropped it ami used sonn- language that was un becoming, ami retreated to his r mm, i he next day Ins hand Was tied Up in i while handkerchief, which was v kilid ol ling of truce, for he was much more considerate lo us ami sunned to liku music. I never perpetrated much mischief while in college, hut i .v;.s an ipt scholar lo look on and enjoy all ihe lun. ( lies- Howard was an export, and could play bolter than anybody, cspu ci illy a hot cannon hall. Chess Came to c us sonic lime ngo ami nftor while. asked im and my wife lo give them sonio music. And so she seated her self at Ihe piano and I look my lluto and asked what he would like. And lie said play that good old piece that we used to call u .Salbu Haxler " when we went serenading in Athens. So wo played it, and before we were aware of '. i hi ss had slipped his ow n lllltC out of his pocket and was tooting along h hind nie. Sallio was our college sweetheart, bill we dideut get her, for Hird Hew lh< e and she followed him dV io liiilliln to, and is living there yet. Hut m ? 1 sver thought of suicide. Hui I fothcal. Iii- sweet and it's sad to h i all the memories of'i?, '46 lilld 'IV. am! I Would have felt lost and l.uicly in Athens, Ii was college then, 11 is a great university now, and many hanges h ivc come over it, and wc old .? lerans have to Keep up with the i occasion ? bother wo like the modern incthads or not. They have got inter* . oil. guile ha-eh dl in the curriculum now and I reckon u is lo keep the hoys I from committing suicide. It diverts ibeir minds from the strain of trigono nulry and calculus and conic, sections. Progress is ihe order of the. day in col us in ovorylhinu else. On ? i und red ami llfty years ago old I).-. I >lnis.tii sai'l lo Moswi ll, "lo our great - Iio ?Ii ihoru is es< flogging ihnti for* in t \. Consequently, Ioh9 is loarned here, s.i whai the boya got fit ono o . i ihoy lose at the othor." Now ih -re [a no Hogging anywhorc, and Iho LtM Iteis ami juolussors are. thiiiikful il they i'scapo il fioill IllO hoys. Irl II, Am?. 'I'Iki ii vorn go in in il can't need x poul ii m ik ? u woiuan ovo him; all ho lliaal.i l a -welled loud. OASTOHIA. Beats tho si NU KllWl YOU llavB AliMjfS ?0U?ht Bi8T" <Z*0&?%t