Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Till: DEMOCRACY OF THE DOLLAR. McLaurin's Defense of His Cause PROTECTION, EXPANSION, SUBSIDIES. Tho following is Uio main portion of the speech delivered til Greenville, s. C, on the 22ud <>f May, by Hon. John L. McLauriB, I'. 8. Senato*: FolloW'Citi/.ens: The political He fortuation of 1800 had for its main obj >ct Iho independence of thought and action on Iho purl of the people in ]>o itical affairs, li was this tivat made me a " Uel'ormer." A white primary, Where the while people of the State could nettle their differences among themselves, in part it has accomplish ed its object in spite of the efforts to dwarf it into a one-man movement. Its loader has not been content for it to be complete, and has attempted more than ouco to dictate who should and who should not be elected to office. All revolutions of this kind go farther than its originators design, uo power J can control them. Men who suppose that the " move mentof 1800 was u mere efferves cence to give ollice to a favored fen are greatly mistaken. Some of the best and truest have never held ollice, and the time is coming when those who betrayed and prostituted this great movement into a u one-man power" and mere scramble for the "loaves and tit*- fiahos " will bo held to an account . I stand to-day just where 1 stood in 1800, with the added experience of ton years of study and contact with public men ami affairs. I thank God I hat one thing has luen accomplished. The people have been disenthralled and en lightened, and will uovor he satisfied with the accomplishment of anything less than Iho full purpose of the move ment -free thought, free speech a fair ballot ami rule of the people. This must and shall be the final outcome. No attempt to break down the reforms nearly accomplished can succeed. The natural and inevitable consequence of that revolution must follow. Nothing can stay them. Til K " AI.1.1 ANCK." Fellow-cili/.ens: It affords me-great pleasure lo address jou to-day. 1 thank you for tin- honor and the opportunity. I rccogni/.o iho fact that I urn your public servant, and am accountable to i ho people who elected tno for my stewardship. This responsibility of public ollloe n the great conservative and preservative force in our republi can form oi government, it is the province and duly of a Representative lo Btud) nil important public questions and form .1 judgmont as to their effect on the welluro of the people. To do this, he must at times act independent ly and lead public sentiment rather than blindly follow what is reputed lo be the majority. It is his duty to study national problems ami vote according to his best lights and honest convic tion?, leaving the dual decision as to ?hi w . ili m of his < ourec to Lhe people. As for mysi If, I acknowledge no master save the sovereign people, speaking at lhe ballot-box, aud 1 refuse to obey the dictates of any political Boss, eith er in or outside of South Car^'ma. This is my conception of the rights, duties and position of a Senator. My course since my election has been pro jected along the lino of discretion and accountability. In voting on great national issues I have considered the best interests of the South aud the country rather than the impractical re sults to How from a rigid udhercuco to part/ iincs. Jt is passing strange that, some of the men elected to Congress in 1802 should criticise me for doing Whai they solemnly pledged themselves! to do. Don't you remember that an Alliance Delegation was elected in 1802 pledged not to be bound by a' Democratic caucus, but to vote for measures calculated lo benefit lhe nation at huge, irrespective of parly? I feel like, recalling the words, 41 Oh, Lord God of Hosts, Lest we. forget, Lest we forget." I'UINCIPLKS niOIIKR THAN PARTY. Political parties under our form of government arc a necessity. They grow out of the political relations established by tho government itself. There have beeu si ice the birth of the nation and always will be two great political parties, if there were no real issues they would divide and light over the mere epoils of ollicc. These differences originated in the diverse views entertained when our Constitu tion was adopted as to what constitut ed the proper functions of the govern ment. Party platforms have always been supposed lo be the exponents of these Views. A blood) Civil war Ketllcd the question of SUtc's rights, and for a quarter Of a century the waving of the "bloody-shirt" on the one side ami the ? nigger in the wood-pile" on the other constituted the dividing lines. I say that every man, on u purely sec tional quostion, like white supremacy, is a traitor and a renegade who does not stand by his own section and bis own people 1 say that any man, on domestic problems, problems of internal con cern, should, as far as possible, bow to the behests of Iiis partv. If he Cannot agree with hi* party on ques tion* of this kind, he should, if possi bio, find a parly with which he is in accord, i assert, t'cllow-cili/.ens, ihat it is almost a crime for any party to make great, broad, non-political Ameri can measures, involving the political and commercial development of the nation, tin; test of party fealty. Issues essential to the maintenance of Iho honor and prestige of the nation are too vital to be relegated to the plane of partisan and stctioual contention. Out of changed industrial and econo mic conditions have grown great na-' tionai questions pcrtaiuing to the ma terial InlOiest of the country, which must he considered and settled by that silent force, the reserved patriotism of the people. Fcllow-citi/.cns: There is no greater menace to the stability of our govorn mont than a largo minority in the American Congress voting upon broad, vital, non-partisan Ainorican questions from purely sectional considerations. I am a Democrat* honestly desirous of remaining bo, and witnessing Iho Irl Utuph of the party to which i am at Inched by association and heredity, ll was never contemplated l>y the foun ders of that party that it should become a purely sectional affair, yet to-day there is no Democratic [tarty capable of making itself felt outside of the South, in the North and West, it is permeated with socialism, and has dwindled away into tlit; parly of a sec tion, uol a nation. I do not propose, however, to pursue this line of though' ; it is pain I ul and can accomplish iio good purpose. 'ihk MOXKY QUK8TION. Beginning with the panic of 1899, there has never been such rapid in dustrial changes in any country. These changes were in progress, and our war with Spain served as a Hash-light to hJiow us what was going on. In 185)0,1 we had a campaign upon the money question. Everything was depressed. Men seeking employment, cotton undoi live cents, wheat below the cost of pro duction, and idleness, discoutent, dis trust and misery every where. We were told that the salvation of the country depended upon the tree coin* age of silver. 1 believed then, and I behove now, that theoretically wo were right; but new and unforeseen forces came into play, and 1 have enough sense to recognize the. (act that the " testoration of confidence," about which Mr. Cleveland talked, ami about which 1 did not know enough at the time to understand, the discovery of gold in the Klondykc, the inllux of mo.iey from abroad seeking invest ment, and the increase in banking facilities, for the lime at least, have nettled the money question, and no body but a fool would make a " free silver" speech now. Instead of n depleted treasury, there, is in it to-day the largest amount of gold in the his tory of the country, and actually the Secretary of tho Treasury, a few weeks ago, deposited money in a Spartan burg bank, something that has never been done before in the. history of our Stale. I have been listening for some body to cry out " Republicanism," be cause I was instrumental in bog inning a movement which I hope in lhe future may euable our farmers and merchants lo secure money at a lower rate of in terest. Another great change as the result the panic of 1803, is the rapid devel opmout of our export trade. Our home markets failed us, manufacturers found themselves with immense slocks of goods on hand and nobody lo buy thetn, this forced them to seek markets : nbrouu, tna one ("tisrp .Vmg urn Birmingham, Ala., shipped 250 tons of iron to Kurope. At that time iron could be bought for #0.00 per ton in Birmingham, ami this small shipment six years ago was the beginning of the $130,000>000 worth ot iron that we shipped abroad last year, 300,000 lous going from Alabama. To-day, entire Kurope is alarmed at the development of our commerce, and we see every day indications of a trade combine on the part of Kurope against tho United States. In the financial world, instead of depending upon Ku I rope as we did seven years ago lor our I money, England, Germany and llussia have recently had to come to New York to place their government loans. I I have given nothing but a mere out line, and yet I ask any man within the sound of my voice if these facts do not present a totally changed condition. I The Spanish war suddenly awoke us to the fact that our country was one I of the great commercial and political powers of the world. Believing as I do that there are vital issues which, growing out of changed industrial conditions, are higher and broader than mere party <|iicslions, 1 have, as your Senator, looking beyond the line marked by sectionalism and partisanship, striven to promote the material, political and commercial in terests of our common country?.for in so doing, 1 can best servo tho interests of the Stale of South Carolina. For this I have been arraigned In fore Un people of this State am! charged with allying mysell witli the Republican party. Criticism, abuse and gross mis representation has been indulged in. Not contont with this unfair method of attack, some of tho papers in their vile persecution have deceived the people by withholding information on one side of these great national issues and emphasizing and publishing everything on the oilier. They have persistently held me up as a renegade, and on more, than one occasion alleged that I in tended to resign aud accept a Federal appointment. Amid all this persecu tion 1| have maintained my silence, confident that when an oppoilunity was offered, tho people would see that I received fair play, and that they would at least accord me honesty of purpose. There arc two question that I sub mit ?,0 the people of South Carolina: First. Am I honest in the views I advocate? Second. Am I mistaken? Am to the first. All that 1 have to say is that my people tiave shed their blood for Suutli Carolina in evory eon teat in which she lias ever been en gaged. I was boin in South Carolina, L took my wife in South Carolina, and when I die I expect my bones to be laid beside live generations ot honest men and true women who have gone before. I have ch Idroil who must bear my name, good or bad. Every dollar that I havo is invested in this Stale, except a small amount in North Carolina and Florida. My interest* aro inseparably interwoven with the interest of my State, no good can come to her in which I cannot participate, and no evil of which I must not bear my share. If I wanted to have an easy time, I certainly chose the hard road. I might havo drifted with the current, sang " mo, too," and con tinued to hold ollice. 1 hail pretty good tutelage and an illuslnous ex it niple in my earl} political career in the arts of dcmagogcry, and could do it again in a pinch. Hut fellow-citi zens, the 11 gamo isn't worth the can dle." If 1 can't be a Senator, worthy the great statesmeu whom I succeed, I do not wish to hohl the ollice. I do not claim to be infallible, and the time lias been when I would gladly have boon convinced that 1 was wrong, and thus enabled lo e-cape from the posi tion which at times was almost unen durable ; but, follow-citizens, I no longer feel that way. I do not wish now to be convinced. When a man has Buffered for a cause it becomes I very dear to him, aud I think that it would break my iieart if I could find now that, after all, it is a mistake, and that I have been deceived by a mirage in the bleak desert. I am human, and have my full share of the frailty and vanity which go with poor, weak human nature. I look back to Bome things that I have said,and done, and I know that I was wrong, and I wish it were otherwise. Hut, fellow-citizens, twice Within the last three years 1 have felt that I was very near the lime when I would' have to stand before the bar of a just Qod, who knows the secrets of my innermost soul, and 1 felt that ho would mercy have for petty frailties and short-001 lings, aud give mc credit for the earnest niul honest effort, for tlie sacrifices which I had made to serve the bestand highest interest of my Stale and country. 1 am not afraid to meet my (?od and stand upon my public record ?why, then, should 1 fear any tribunal here below? 1 only wish that my life as a man was as siu le>s and free from reproach as it is as your public servant. Charges of cor ruption have been rife in South Caro lina during the past ten yeurs, but my worst enemies have never charged that a dirty dollar has ever crossed tho palm of my hand. Fellow-citizens : To a man who loved society and that Bort of thing, a seat in lhe Senate may be a prize worth having, but to me, it is of U0 valuo save to further the best cause to which I am devotiug tho best years of my life. I am iu the Senate for what 1 can c<d for South Carolina, not to fur ther my personal interests. Do you suppose that I enjoy being llaycd alive, and called all sorts of pet names by the growling, grumbling Gonzales, and the whining, cringing dyspeptic Hemphill? It does not woirv nie vcrv much, for 1 know thai there is one kind of an ani mal I hat will growl just for the pleas ure of growling, and another that will whine, especially when milk is scarce. There is a good deal of growling and whining just now because of a few Federal plums that have been dropping around, but 1 notice that it all com from the direction whero none are dropping or likely to drop. From ob servation 1 infer that there are a plenty of (?'?ld Democrats, Silver Democrats, Bryan Democrats, Cleveland Demo crats, McKinley Democrats, Tillman Democrats, Mcl.auriu Democrats, and Democrats none of whom object to a job under " I'ncle Sam." KKDKK.VI. PATROVAOK. Now, fellow-citizens, 1 want to say one word on this subject. I do not control, I do not profess to control, I do not wish to control, nor will I be come responsible for, the Federal pat ronage in South Carolina. On account of my liberal views, and what lie is pleased to consider my patriotic stand for broad American doctrines, the Pres ident has done nie the honor to con sult me on certain occasions as to South Carolina appointments. He has done so, to my certain knowledge, with Sen ators Morgan, Sullivan, McKnery, and other Democrats. I appreciate it be yond measure, for a wiser man, a truer patriot, and a raori kindly Christian gentleman, never occupied the White House than William McKinley. 1 be lieve I have his confidence and friend ship, and lliero is no treasure that 1 value more highly. I would not have it mid I could not retain it were I a traitor to my State and people. He honors me, because he knows as well as any man living, how much I lovo my native State. When he expressed a desire to be the President of the whole country and not of a section, why should 1 not meet him half way V When he is willing that the patrons who support a postollico in South Car olitia should be consulted as they are in Vermont, Massachusetts and Ohio, why should 1, as your Senator, slick a pitch-fork into his vitals? Ah, fellow-citizens, if I have con trolled auy patronage, it has been iu the, public interest, not my own. No nephews of mine have been commis sioned in the United States Army. I have had no son drawing a large sal ary, traveling this State at government expense, manipulating political alTaira for me. Take th ; poslotllce at Aiken, of what personal interest is it to mo who fills it ? It does not put a dollar into my pocket and I do not get my mail there. I believe in the rule of the people, and I want to sec the time come when the patrons of the ollice, those who support it, shall name the postmaster just as they do the sheriff and clerk of the court. Who do you suppose the people of Aiken prefor for postmaster?a man who is idcntillcd with the town, born and reared among them, or n citizen of another Stato, with no interest in tho town or people further than to use them for his own personal ail vantage ? Who is not even willing, after death, to permit his dust to mingle with the soil of South Caro Una, hut had his body shipped homo to Connecticut for burial, whero 1 am told his family are soon to follow him. I prefer one of our own people, cither I white or black, to birds of passage, away when thero arc no olllces for them. Lot it bo understood that we gladly welcome any good man who comes bore seeking a home, who in vests ids money and becomes one of our own people ; we extend to such an ono the right band of fellowship, and ho is entitled to all tho honors, social, politi cal and commercial, which his ability ami character command. That is not what we mean by Carpct-bagiam " in South Carolina. Some people, how ever, arc so disturbed because the President has appointed a man whom the people of Aiken ha/o elected Mayor of their {.own twice, and who is a ic lined and courteous gentleman, that ihcy arc profcrring charges against no money here, and fly SGROFULfl AND ITS AWFUL HORRORS -(JUKED 11Y Johnston's Sarsaparilla QUART BOTTLES. A. MOST WONDlCHFULi CURE. A Grand Old Lady Give* Her Ilxpcrlcnco. Mrs. Thankful Orillu Hurd lives In the beautiful village of Brighton, Livingston Co., Mich. This venernble and highly respected lady was born In the year 1812, tho year of tho great war, In Hebron, Washington Co., New York. Sho eaine to Michigan In 1840, tho your of "Tlppccanoc aud Tyler too." All her faculties are excellently preserved, and possessing a very re tentive memory, her mind Is full of interesting reminiscences of her early life, of the early days of tho State of Michigan aud the Interesting and re markable people she has met, and tho stirring events of which she was a wlt I ness. But nothing In her varied and manifold recollections are more tnar ' velons and worthy of attention than uro her experiences In the use of JOHNSTON'S SARSAPARILLA. MrB. Kurd inherited a tendency aud pre disposition to Bcrofnla, that terribly destructive blood taint which has cursed aud Is cursing the lives or thousands aud marking thousands more as vic tims of tho death angel. Transmitted from generation to generation, It la found lu neary every family in one form or another. It may make Its ap pearance lu dreadful running sores, lu unsightly swellings iu the neck or goitre, or In eruptions of varied forms. Attacking tho mucous membrane, It may be known as catarrh in the head, or developing in tho lungs it may be, j aud often Is, tho prime cause or consumption. I Speaking of her ease, Mrs. Hurd says: "I was troubled for many ycarB with a bad skin disease. My arms an<] limbs would break out In a mass of sores, discharging yellow matter. My neck began to swell and became very unsightly iu appearance. My body was covered with scrofulous eruptions.. My eyes were also greatly Inflamed and weakened, and they pained mo very much. My blood was in a very bad condition and my head ached severely at frequent Interval", and I had no appetite I bad sores also In my ears. I was In a miserable condition, I had tried every remedy that had been recom mended, and doctor after doctor had failed. One of tho best physicians In the stato told mo I must die of scrofulous consumption, as internal abcesses wero beginning to form. I at length was told of Dr. Johnston, of Detroit, and his famous Sarsnparllla. I tried a bottle, more as au experiment than any thing else, as I had no faith in It, and greatly to my ngrecablo surprise, I began to grow better. You can bo euro I kept on taking it. I took a great many bottles. But I steadily Improved until I became entirely well. AU tho sores healed up, all the bad symptoms disappeared. I gained perfect health, and I havo never been troubled with scrofula since. Of course an old lady of 88 years is not a young woman, but 1 have bad remarkably good health since thou, and I firmly believe that JOHNSTON'S SARSAPARILLA is tho greatest Wood purifier and tho best medicine In the wide world, both for scrofula aud as a spring medicine." This remarkably interesting old lady did not lok to bo more than sixty, and she repeated several tiroes, "I believe my life was saved by JOHNSTON'S SARSAPARILLA." VUOMJGri>^V XDXVCJTGr- OOMJ'jUVY, DXITXIOIT, ZrXXOXXa Foi Sale by The Laurens Drug Co.. Laurens, S. 0. bim in Washington ; this is done for political purposes and I well under stand it as a lick at 010, not Mr. Chaf fee. Who should he District Attorney of South Carolina V A bright, oucrgo* tic young man, raised up here in this beautiful mountain city, or a foreigner and outsider ? 1 admit one of the best of his class 5 but, fellow-citizens, South Carolinians are good enough for tue. Now when appointments were made absolutely repugnant to the wishes and the traditions of our people, 1 was the only one who held up a confirmation in the Senate. Now when a gentle man, like Mr. Chaffco or John Capers, the SOU Of a Confederate Brigadier, will) four Yankee bullet-holes in Ins body, now the. Bishop of South Carolina, is made by the President, not for political purposes, but as an indication of his good will towards the people not only of Sculh Carolina, but of the South, I see a threat in the papers that the con firmation is to be. fought. If that is politics, if that is Democracy, then Cod save me from such infamy. ?* TIIK OENTLKMAN KKO.M MEXICO." There is one thing thai I have not hea;d much of a kick about, (he loan of the government exhibit at Buffalo to Charleston. 1 behove, however, somebody else claims the credit. That is all right with nie, it mat tuts not who gets the credit, just so the city of Charleston gets the friendly hand of this government in a great enterprise in which the whole State is interested. Irrespective of personal ami political differences, I am willing to join hands with roy colleague in the Senate and the members in the House in securing an appropriation to reimburse Charles ton for all expenses incurred. If we lay aside little differences and every body goes to work as one man, it can he done. I want to bay here, in justice to Senator Tillman and myself, we are both capable of rising high enough not to permit anything to interfere with a matter of such general interest to the State. 1 will even gu one better ami agree, if Charleston gets the appro priation, to give all the credit to the " Gentleman from Mexico." 1 have just r no or two more Illings to say on the first question I am dis cussing. My intimate friends know that it has been my desire to retire from public life. 1 had determined never again to undertake, the canvass of this State,land were, it not that 1 felt I owed it to the people of South Caro lina to discuss ttiese issues and enable them to act intelligently by placing themselves in touch with the best thought of the age, I would not be here to-day. The people of this State gave me the grandest chance that any young man has had since the war, and 1 fully realize the opportunity and duty. 1 never doubted for one moment but if allowed to present my case fairly to the people, I would be re-elecled to the Senate. I have not made a vote that can be successfully assailed, save upon narrow partisan grounds. I had, however, determined not to run on ac count of my health. The campaign of 1K!)7 left me a physical and mental wreck. My physician has lopeatrdly said that I could not stand either men tally or physically the strain of such another campaign. Within the. ten months past, however, mv health 1ms been wonderfully Improved und 1 am ready for the fray. I desire lice ami now to tell the Bosses " (in and Ollt of the State) who have decreed my political death, that 1 defy tliem. The only way they can defeat me is to rule nie out of the primary and thus prevent the people from expressing themselves. Let them, if they dare, prevent white mou from passing judgment at the ballot-box upon these great national issues. One thing more on the (jiich tiOD, Am I honest f Those who know me and are, my friends will never be lieve anything olse. To those who are fair and unprejudiced, I say, give me an impartial hearing, and if you arc not convinced vote against me, then wo will still respect each other. For my enemies, those who would condemn mo unheard, the growlers and winn ers, I care not a red cent what they think, so long that I know that I am honest. AM I MISTAKEN? I desire now to take up some of un votes and speeches, and address my self to the question, Am I mistaken? When I was placed on the VVnys mid Means Committee of the Louse, I be gan a systematic course of leading on p the tariff question with reference lo its I effect upou Iho people of Iho South. In .March, 1S'.)7, I mndo a speech in which I embodied my view*. I had offered an amendment for a duly of two and one-half cents per pound on cotton imports, and had made a light in the Committee fore proper schedule on tico, pine lumber, turpentine, cot ton seed oil, oil cake, jute-bagging, cotton ties and the coarse grade of ? iO(ls made in our Southern mills. This is neither the lime nor the place to g<> into a discussion of the. tariff. 1 can 8U?U it up in the statement that I did not discuss the question from a theoretic or philanthropic stand.point, but meroly claimed a full share for the South of all tho bcncltltj to accrue from legislation. I recognized Iho faot thai ou. revenues were to come from the imposition of import duties, and as. sertod that this being true, it was but fair to givo each section and industry a share of the benefits, as the burden IllUlt bo borne by all. I attacked the doctrine of free raw material as a clan destine and unjust form of protection. I traced its history and showed that it was levised and offered to the manu facturers Of the Haul by Mr, Cleveland ?'i Ins llrst ?ace, as a form of protec tion. In other words, Kogcr (,>. Mills, Iho chairman of tho Ways and Means Committee of tho House, was sent up into the New Kngland States to offei them this " loft-handed protection," while free trade was talked in the Soulhand Wost. It was a mere party expedient lo catch voles. 1 think that no political party will ever attempt again such monstrous in justice. It means I hat the farmcis in this country shall be forced to buy in a restricted market and then sell all of their pro ducts in competition with the pauper labor of tho world. I made this light i'oi Southern industries while a mem ber of the House, when I had no idea in Iho word of ROiug into Iho Senate. You all remember what univorsnl chorus ol approval there, was. Sena tois Tillman, Bacon, Clay and others took up the same line, in the Senate. The News and Courier, the Columbia Slate and ninety per cent, of the pa pers of the South commended my course. I hazard little in saying bad 1 never been a candidate lor the Senate, the wisdom of my course would never have been questioned. 1 was strongly urged to run for tho Senate in 181)0, but I did not wish to leave the Ways mid Means Committee, and besides 1 was thoroughly disgusted with the con dition of alTaiis in South Carolina. I could bear of nothing but " charges of corruption," " bond deals," " whiskey rebates," etc. I did not wish to he mixed up in such an affair ; however it might eventuate, a man could not hut feel lowered and degraded by com ing in contact With such fill11. I felt reasonably sure at that time that I could have been elected to the Senate. I was assured, by one authorized to speak, that Judge Karle would not be a candidate if 1 ran ; but I concluded to go on in a modest, quiet way and work out my destiny in the House. This was not to be, however. It was not inleudod that my lines should fall in easy places. That pure man, chiv alrous gentleman and upright Judge, your townsman and my predecessor, lived but a lew short weeks. Hovernor Kllerbe. tendered me the. nomination. I reali/.ed the radical nature of some of my utterances mid voles, ami while I could not foresee what has hpppotiod, 1 knew my nature well enough to feel certain that having once enlisted in the light I would never turn back while, life lasted. 1, therefore, refused (o accopt the appointment at the hands of Governor Kllerbe unless be would guarantee that the Executive Commit too would order u primary and permit the peoplo to pass upon the issues Which 1 had raised. CAMPAIGN OK 1HP7. II is UtlilOCOS ary for mo to refer to thai bitter flght. Von all remember tho meeting in Greenville, where I was instil tod, bullied aud bailed like Home wild beast ; it TfM a sample of Home of the. rent. For myself I am willing 10 '?Lot tho dead past bury its dead." l| have no ill-feeling Inwards any one on account of it. 1 spoke, I believe, in in every OOUQtj' In the Stale, outside of my Congressional Dislrlcl . ..ccpt three. 1 advocated my views not only on the tariff but on what I considered the real line of policy to be pursued by South ern Representatives. I carried about olghty per cent, of the vole east and every county oxeep* three, which were i >st from local considerations by small margins. 1 wish I bad timo to recount to the people what the rice schedule, which I got into Unit bill, has done for the rice planters on the coasts of Souib Carolina, tho waste places it has re deemed , the thousands of dollars it has brought ln*o this State. What the duty on pir.w has done for the lumber inter ests, which were being sacrillced to the white pine imported free ol duty ftom Canada. The Notlh, Which is almost bare of timber, instead of going lo Canada, has been forced lo im South, and that has put thousands of dollars into this State. There is no telling what an arrangement of the schedule on cotton goods so an t>* prevent dis crimination against coarse fabrics, has meant to tho cotton mills of the South. This is not the place to explain what the retention of the home market means when a manufacturer seeks a foreign oullot. I will refer, however, to tho duly ou raw cotton, which I ad vocated at the time. Cotton, corn and wheat are our great exports. Now I want to ask any man of reason, why it is thai a duty of twenty-live cents per bushel is put on wheat, and fifteen cents per bushel on com, while nothing is put upon cotton? The three stand 1 exactly upon tho. same, basis. It is this : Northern Representatives pro tect corn and wheat against importa- ' lions from Canada and elsewhere, I cotton has been sacrificed lo a mere sentiment. 1 think that I am the tirst Representative ,. Congress to point out the danger to Iho cotton planters1 arising from the importation of Egyp tian cotton. Ten years ago there were no importations to speak of. The year 1 made this speech there was in round numbers fifty-six millions of pounds, and last year there was almost seventy millions, an increase ofgnearly twenty per cent. .Since then two mills have been built in South Carolina (in one. of Which l am interested) using nothing but Egyptian cotton. Now 1 contend, if the cotton farmers weic nroieetod uK? mo wheat ami corn planters, we could produce any kind of COttou that is needed. South Carolina is the home of the cotton plant. No cotton comes into competition with our Sea Island cotton, and common sense tells me that WO can develop any grade needed between that and the short staple. Ten years ago the. '-Allen long staple" was planted all over upper South Carolina, ! and 1 know of some men who bought g'ns especially adapted lo this cotton,! but they had to throw tlietu away. Egyptian cotton has driven them out Of the business. The red bills of this up-country are the. very plnco where this cotton should he grown, bit bow can we develop it in competition with the cheap labor of Egypt V What are we doing now, meeting and passing resolut ions to 1 educe the acreage, while English engineers are. constructing duma iu the valley of the Nile, which within two years will add one million and ono-hnlf bales or one-eighth to the cotton crop ; while we are reducing the acreage hero our competitors are increasing it, and we are to furnish I'm market for the increase. 1 say, r.woy with tlio impractical statesman ship which will sacrifice the cotton planters of South Carolina to those of Egypt. Aller I was elected to the Senate 1 attempted to pursue the same lino in everything, but I was very ill for a long time idler my campaign, con lined to my bed at one lime lor seven weeks. These terrible cam paigns id outs in the heat of summer, making speeches day afu-r day, sitting for four or (Ivo hours,your clothes wet with perspiration, in tho sun, and one hall the. lime without dinner, Iheie are but few men who have gone through with it and not had their health im paired. 1 have no doubt but that it shortened the days of the gallant Karle and even nigged .lohn Irby. I UK TK1SATY WITH SPAIN. While I was in Ibis physical and mental condition, the war with Spam came on and I bad to grapplo with these new questions. 1 was sick, heart, body and soul. All that I wanted was peace, and to be let alone. The cruel taunts and sneers of "Republican and traitor" hurt mo then, while I can laugh at them now. 1 made up my mind not lo create, any further issues, bul lamely tall in and follow the lead of Jones, Tillnian, PetligroW & Co., and 'ben to quietly retire ill the end of my term. My intimate friends know Ilia* this was my intention. When I hey concluded to defeat tin; treaty, 1 could not see what great barm could conn- to the country from forcing the Republicans lo cull an extra session. It would only postpone matters by one month. At the request of some of the. Democratic leaders, I made a speech, not against the treaty but against Im perialism, which speech was at the time, and With the lights before me, my opinion. I had not drawn the dis tinction bolwnotl Expansion and Impe rialism, ami I fully intended to voto against the ratification of tho treaty, 1 was so tired of being abused and ac cused of disloyalty lo my party. At that time, however, I contended in private that the rejection of the treaty was unwise even from a party stand point. 1 had then, as 1 have now, very littleCOnlldcnCC in the political sagacity of Scualor James K. Jones, ami I be lieved that Senator t loriUUU wa < at heat t an Expansionist, bocnuso he voted for the acquisition of the. Hawaiian Is lands, and 1 suspected him of an ambi tion alter Mr. Bryan advised the rati fication of the treaty, to defeat it and thus supplant him in the leadership. Not that 1 objected to this, for Gorman is a conservative man, ami might have, been elected President the last time, could he have commanded the nomina tion. However, oil Sunday afternoni.l the day before Iho treaty was to bo voted upon, 1110 news was Hashed over tin; wires that our troops had been fired upou by '.he very people whom we had freed from the tyranny of Spanish op pression. This presented an entirely new situation, and before I had tin ished reading the '?extra" the corres pondents of the New York Sun and I think of the World, called at my house before I had consulted with any human bel?g, and 1 expressed this opinion, as the Idea of the newspapers will show. One month of delay might mean se rious nonscquoncos to the people of the United Stales. It must be remembered that Spain had the sympathy of entire Europe, ami after the battle of Manilla nothing but the tnet of Dowey anil the attitude Of England prevented us from being forced into a war for which we were totally uupreparcd. To defeat the treaty mi ant that we were still at war with Spain, ami that our soldiers were intruders in the Philippine islands. To ratify the treaty meant not a state of I war, hut a mere insurrection and de I pnved other nations of an excuse for interference. It seems to me any way, that no matter what the situation or causes may be, that the only position i for a man to take when we are engaged in a foreign war is to stand by his own country, right or wrong. Let me re view the situation a moment. In the first place, I had not, as long as it could be avoided, been in favor of the war^ and bad but little sympathy with the inflammatory addresses made in Congress, which embarrassed the President in his humane nfTnrf* in 1 avert tho war. I could not hut look I with distrust upon those meu who ' forced the war on by frantic appeals ' and then, the very moment that hos 1 tditica were begun, criticised every j movement made to bring the war to a 1 apeedy and successful end. It was a small and petty pnrl for Senators to play Aguinaldo had many warm sympathiz ers in Congress, who compared him to !,Ceorgo Washington" and his half naked followers to the heroes of King's Mountain and Bunker Hill. Some of them now cannot conceal the chagrin which they feel at the capture of Aguiualdo and the cessation of hostili ties. It is charged that my vo'e rati fied the treaty and stopped the war. If so, 1 am promt of the fact, and I am thankfol that I had the strength to do my duty and cast that vote. I fear that 1 would not have had the courage to do it, had I not felt that my vote was absolutely necessary ?, hut realizing the far-reaching effect and the fearful responsibility, I cast my vote! accordingly. 1 have n ver seen the dnv I when I regretted it, and my children will remember it after I am dead, with pleasure and pride, as the most glori ous act of my life. EXPANSION. I I will not undertake to demonstrate the wisdom of expansion, but will con lent myself by simply saying that we are a nation of expansionists. We have expanded during the last one hundred years on this continent from eight hundred thousand to four million squaro miles. Expansion is the bed rock of Democracy. Thomas Jeffer son, the first expansion President, added 1,12'?,000 8QUaro miles to our area. The annexation of Texas, Cali fornia, Arizona, New Mexico and Nevada wert: by Democratic Adminis trations. Andrew Jackson would to day be denounced as an imperialist by tho very same people who eat "Jack son day dinners " ami worship at his shrine. OKI Hickory said on this subject, "I have thought with the aucient Roman, that it is right never to cede any territory within the bound ary of the Republic, but always to add to it by honorable treaty, thus extend ing the area of freedom." All this talk about imperialism is bosh. The peo ple understand it as the cry of "wolf," when there is no wolf. When Mr. Bryan abandoned the money question and attempted to substitute "Imperial ism," he stood about as much chance of being elected as a split-foot bull frog did of kicking all the water out of Lake Michigan. At least, that is the opinion of a friend of mine. The price paid for these islands has been given as an objection. This is absurd. England, France, Cermanv, itussia or Japan would pay ten limes as much to occupy our position in the Philip pine Islands. Lying as they do along the Asiatic coast, they are the gateway to the Orient. The people of the South arc vitally interested m the tn.dc of China-, so far, wc have only touched one of the provinces. Minister Wu, tho other night in Charlotte, told of the teeming millions in South China, and said the great problem was to clothe the people. They are forced to use silk to make their clothes, but that this was expensive and almost an im possibility, i am told that, for forr of wearing them out, the. Chinese very rarely wash their clothes. I have heard it wittily said that the chief dif ference between the Chinese and Jap anese is, that the former never wash their clothes, and the latter never wash their body. 1 believe it was Mr. Wn who said the other night, to teach the Chinese to wear cotton shirts and then ' get the emperoi to issue an edict to make the tails only one inch longer, and the cotton crop of the South would be exhausted by that one inch, and none left for Europe. If any argument was needed to show the im portance of these, markets, the elTecl of recent troubles in China is suflicicnt. Cotton goods arc stacked up in the warehouses unsalable, ami when the best judges thought last fall that cot Ion would be twelve antl one half to fifteen cents per pound, it has declined more than three cents. I am an ex pansionist?1 favor the political, com mercial ami religious expansion of our country. This is along the line of progress. We cannot attain a certain growth ami then stand Mill. As in the Individual, so in the nation. We either move forward towards perfec tion, or backwards toward decay. There are certain crises in the life of every man which seized lentis to suc cess, let them pass antl the chance is lost forever. The capacity to take ad vantage of opportunity constitutes the difference between the man who sue- J ceeda and the one who fails, and so it is with nations. We have grandly seized our opportunities, antl 1 for one am in favor of pushing it to the limit. During mo past century we have been absorbed iu testing the great question of Constitutional representative gov ernment and tho development of America. Tho time has now come whon wo must have foreign trade, and not merely subsidiary to our industrial development at home but as necessary to our continued prosperity. Our re sources and population demand world wide avenues of trade, and we cannot separate the commercial and political elements involved. What are we to' do with our surplus products? This is the question engaging the at'.onlion of OABTOniA. 0ii vVV .\> \ 3 No crop can be grown without Potash. Supply enough l'ot ash and your profits will be ^fcsJn lanje; without your be scrubby." Our Ixxik*, trllinu :.l><>til i Ollipositioll <>l ti-rtilircr* mkipicd for nil crops, tire lr?c iu .ill Cunnurs, GERMAN K \I I \V< >UKS, ui Nassau Si., New Vork. . Totash crop will all the civilized nations ol Iho earth. Tho only Ucld unoccupied is in the Orient. 1 believe lha' the tune is near at hand when the cotton trade of the South will be with the Orient. When our commerce on the Atlantic will be in significant compared with that of the Pacific. Miinister '.Vu gave us some valuable intormaliou at Charlotte. Our I manufacturers are reaching out for this trade, and what bolter can 1 do as your Senator than help them. No Stale will reap a richei reward than South Carolina, with all the water power ami manufacturing development in the Piedmont region, and with three euch Darbors as Charleston, Georgetown] and Port Itoyal. How em 1 better serve the farmers ol this Stale? The) will shale in the bcuoiilB ol uns trade. Hen- i^ tin; United Stales midway between Europe and Asia. Almost an island when the canal is cut ?with the Gulf of Mexico on the South and the (Heat Hakes on the North; the Atlantic on one side and the Pacific on tin; (Uber, and with the. people of two continents bidding foi our products, the possibilities daz zle the imagination. It is no i<li? dream. 1 believe thai most of the people within the suun.l of my voice will live to sec it realized. We have become a Pacific power with 5,000 miles of coast on that ocean; with the, Hawaiian Islands and Aleutian Islands as resting places, and tin: Philippines as a key lo the "Open Door," we arc the only nation strong enough to com pel Russia, with her trails-Siberian Railroad, to tespCCt the integrity of the Chinese Empire. As long as the United States and Japan say "No," the Chinese Empire must remain in tact and the door be left open to our products. When 1 think of how Strangely it has all come about, I can not but believe that tho hand of Cod is guiding this government, and that he bus watched over and directed us along the path where lie greatness, peace and prosperity, i cannot under take to discuss the question of a gov ernment for these outlying po ?? 3 sions; we have, settled other problems of a more complex nature, and ! can not but believe that a solution \\ i be found just, humane and satisfactory to all concerned. My vote on the Army Bill Ii been attacked. It was along the lino of supporting the foreign policy of this government. Let me say right hero, thai ' urn iioi the lirst Congressman from South Carolina who has voted against Ins party and supported the President when if came to a question of a foreign war. Three of the greatest men that South Carolina has ever produced, Calboun, Lowndcs and Chcvcs, sup ported the government against their party during the war of 1812, Chevos used these words, which 1 repeat from the bottom of my heart: "Irrespective of party, for the great interest of the nation." In connection with the fight now in progress against me, the lirst protec tive taiiff bill ever introduced was by a South Carolina Representative, Lowndcs, and advocated byJJMr. Cal boun in one of the greatest Bpucchcs of his life. This is not the lirst time that, our gallant little Stale has risen above section and acted for the interest of the nation. The Army bill provided lor a maxi mum of one hundred thousand men and a minimum of sixty-live thousand, and between these, amounts the discre tion was left to the President. At I hat time the insurrection was iu progress, and my common sense, toh' uo llioio Was but one of two things to do. Hither put enough men in the Held to crush the rebellion, or quit nil I come home. 1 believed in the formet plan, and so Voted Fellow citizens, there is a great deal of clap-trap talked even in the I nitcd States Senate. About one-hall ol those mournful speeches on the groat danger of "Imperialism" and "Militarism" were for home consumption and the most of them were made aller a com* tollable beefsteak and a bottle of "Million's Extra Dry." 1 see that since the rebellion is over, the Presi dent says that ho will lake the mini mum amount. Surely, fellow-citizens, l could afford to trust a man on n question of that kind whom the people ol the. United Sta'es had elecied to the Presidency. Why not exercise a little, common sense?it is a simple applica tion of the rule of three. If an army of 80.000 men is reouircd for a non ila Lion of .'?0,000,000 people, in an a my of 05,000 men too much for a na ion of $76,000,000? Congress lias for years been spending money along tlio coasts ami buying expensive guns, and absolutely many of mein are lying out and n sting for want ol men. It is estimated that there are over 7,000 grain mills in itussin, grinding annually over 10,000,000 tons of grain. CASTOR IA For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears tho ?lgnaturo of