Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BIM* ARP REVIEWS THE WAR Death of Gen 'TIxc" Anderson Causes a Buck ward Glance General G. T. Auderson (Old Tb?e) ai d Cob ncl Tom Taylor have just passed over the river. Tiny wore in ar the same ugC anil were elo>e to gether during the civil war. General Anderson was our brigade commaudoi and Colonel Taylor commanded one of his regiments, the First Kentucky. Since tbc war one ol tbein was made chief of police of Atlanta and the other .ol fiOUisvilie, Ky. Taylor was next to Itbc last of the surviving colonels of that brigade. It was General llartow's old biigade, composed of the Seventh, Kighth, Ninth and Eleventh Georgin regiments and the First Kentucky and ii Virginia battery. The regiments changed their colonels many times and of the old Eighth only one (Colonel Towers), who was its fifth colonel, now survives. None but the veterans know how numerous wort: these changes of commanding oillcors. The records show iliat but one of the Georgia regiments (hal wem iuto ser vier in l?;l und 1802brought back the same coiouol il took out. The Otllcera of the companies were changed oflcner than I lie coloucls. Deaths, resigna tions and promotions wi re ever going on. Captain Twiggs's company of the First Georgia regulars tad twelve dif ferent captain* dining the service, Tho pctsonnel of the privates was also continually changing?" discharged " or K. I. 15. (killed in battle) - is np pended to more names than half the iir>-t muster rolls, and recruiting was constantly going on to till up the files. Hut I was ruminating ab. mold Tige and Tom Taylor, for after (Teilend Harto-v was killed 1 was transfeired to General Anderson's stuff an! followed bis fortunes for nearly two years in tho Army of Northern Virginia. He was every inch a soldier, lie never questioned the widoin of an order, but obeyed it. '? Oura not to make reply ; Ours not to reason why ; Curs but to do and die," was his motto. 1 do not believe he ever experienced the emotion of fear. We thought that sometimes he was too daring. 1 remember that on one morning during the battles on the Chlckahominy he wished to make a personal reconnaissance of the posi tion of the enemy en its left flank, and asked Major Ayer and myself to ride with him, There yvas a wide, open held between the armies, probably 1,000 aerc8, and our wing was eovered by a forest of thick woods curving round the open space in form of a semi-circle. Wo kept covered by these wools until we had got f ir round ami were as near to the Federal batteries us WO dared to go. The general said: " Well, there is no use in going hack *.ho long way that we came, i.et us take the diameter of this circle at.d save a mile or two.1' " They will see us and open tire," said I. " Lit tliein shoot," said he, " the}' can't hit us. We can outride their balls; come on; follow me." We did follow, but we dident want to and there was no neces sity for taking such a peril, i never will forget that ride. The Federal bat teries opened lire quickly as we How along the plain. The six pounders sent their balls over us and behind us and before us and some bounded along the ground quite near us, but the gen eral only waived Iiis hat and smiled. We were all well mounted and made the trip safely, but I never mado another leconunissance with him. Ono evening our brigade was at rest on the bank of the RnppnhannocK. We had made a long march and were waiting orders. The boys were sitting down or lying down upon the grass. The enemy were massed behind the moun tain range, that skirted the opposite hanks of the river. We could not see them, but we knew they were there, for their batteries amused themselves by llring over the mountains and dropping their shot and shell at random over us and beyond us. They exploded in the air and did but little harm, We were not alarmed and watched them as we would a pyro technic display. General Anderson was stretched at length upon the ground and we were not far away. Iiis line horse was cropping the grass and the general held him with a long rein that was attached to the bridle. While wo were chatting quietly a shell ex ploded directly over us and a murderous fragment struck his horse on top of the head and killed him instantly. Our nearness to the danger stopped all con versation, but the loss of his horso aroused and < xciled Old Tige beyond measure. Looking at his horse that was dying at his loot be used language according to bis anger and indignation. His anathemas were fearful. <; Wc will pay them for that," he said. u I would have given my right arm for that horse. Hut wo will pay them back two for ono. We have come here to light, and old Hob will give us a Chance to get even. Blast their in fernal batteries! All they dare to do is to hide behind a mountain and shoot over it." Wc did get even, and Old Tige was comforted; for in a few daye the second battle of Manassas was fought and a great victory won. Forty eight thousand troops under Lee ut terly routed and vanquished 80,000 under Hope. I never think of General Tcm Taylor hut what I think of tho great battle of Drainaville, in winch he figured and a smile comes over my mcmoiy. The fun of that battle lasted our boys a lone time, and Major Ayer at Home is not done laughing at it yet. The valley of Dratnsville was neutral ground and tho harvest of hay was great. The two armies were in .vmtcr q jarters and wanted it. Jeb Stuart assured General Johnston that if be would fur nish the wagons and teams and a ro gimont of infantry ho would go for tho liny. Ho said that tho owners were mostly Southern men and wanted us to have it. Old Joe was suspicious, but consented. The Federals were nearer to it and had a largo force of cavalry in their camp. Tom Taylor was sent aloug with Id* regiment and Major Ayer put in charge of 400 wagons with four-horso teams to each. It was about fifteen miles to the valley over a pike road that was generally wide enough for teams to pass each other, but was very narrow where cut through I the liltli! hills. Many of these cuts, a I hundred yards long, were not mute than ten feet wide. The day and the scheme was kept profoundly eccrct. One morning about the break of d iy our boys were aroused by the unearth ly rumbling sounded Kit) wagons roll ing over lite pik?', but that sound was nothing to the roaring of those wagOUS on their return. That train of wagous was nearly four miles long anil by the time the head of the column got fairly into Hie valley an I the major began bossing the loading of the foremost teams Tom Taylor, with his men. were, resting in the suburbs and Job Stuart, with '-',000 cavalry, were paraded on a hill overlooking the valley. Just then (1,000 Federal cavalry came charging down Irotn some biding place behind the woods and for an hour or more Stuart and Taylor bad their hands full. The Ke lerals had an artillery company to help create a panic and they were alter the wagon train in desperate determination. In the confusion that followed the surprise Stuart ordered the wagons that were loading bay to countermarch in double quick and they performed that maneuver with ?ireat alacrity until the bead of the procession reached the pike and could get no far ther, for the body and tail of the train blockaded the highway lor two miles back. Thon came ihc great stampede. ?'Then rushed the steeds Kill battle driven." All nloug the line the alarm was given, whips wer?- popping, team sters were bawling, " Turn men; turn and save your teams," exclaimed the major. "The Yankees arc Coming." And they did turn, but to till*, day no body knows how. Some of the wagon ers swore afterwards they dew over and some crawled under and some turned a four-horse team in an eight-fool cut. Colonel Taylor ordered bis men to guard the wagons, hut they couldn't keep up with them. Stuart's men were in a hand to hand light with the enemies' cavalry and sh.shi d them with swords and shot thctn With small arms; but they were outnumbered and bail to light and fall back at every charge. It was about the middle of the after noon when the roaring of the stamped ing train reached our campground Old Joe Johnston heard it, lor the sound thereof was like the sound of many waters. He understood it at once and ordered a whole brigade and battery to double quick up the Drains ville pike. ? 1 told Stuart," he ex claimed, "they would trick if be didn't look out. Those rascals in that valley arc nearly all Union men and they got word to the enemy. I'm afraid we have lost some of our wagons, and it will he a bard joke cn Stuart." Later on wo perceived great clouds of dust gathering over the pike and the roaring came louder and louder and nearer and nearer, and by and by, with tho. aid of a held glass, we. could sec Major Ayer rise over the top of a distant bill and halt. He is a tine rider and was astride a line horse whose name was Sclim, He saw the brigade coming to the rescue and slowed up, the long procession behind hllU. Man and beast were dripping with ftiearns of sweat that would have turned a sawmill. In the grand ine'ee Colonel Taylor got cut off from his command, for the boys were trying to keep up with the wagons. Hut they all came up in course of time aud re ceived the plaudits of their comrades. Stuart WOrtied the enemy so bad that they left the valley with nary wagon and Major Aver left it with n try hay. Hut they got it later, for old Joe got bis back up and swore be would have it. Those 400 wagoners were for a long lime the heroes of the camplirea. One of them, Jim Wilkerson, our former marshal, lives here now and still de clares thai he turned his team in an eight-foot cut and passed two more in a ten-foot cut and had liked to have beat the whole train to camp. His driving was like the driving of Jehu, for he drove furiously. The big battle ol Drainsville never got into history, but it was camp talk at CentOrvillo all that winter. Dur ing the Revolution of 1770 there was a great battle called the " battle of the kegs " that caused infinite merriment to the continental army and it was set to verse by a humorous poet, Francis llopkinson, but this is known to Vir ginia viteinns as Ihc "battle of the wagons." Bill Arp. NEED OF MORE TOLERANCE Ex-Senator Butler Endorses Mc I,nurin and Approves the Course of McKinley. Gen. M. C. Butler has been inter viewed by a correspondent of ibe New York Sun, and his views are quite fnvornble to the atlitudc of Mi I.anrin, us follows: " What, in your opinion will be the effect in South Carolina of Senator McLaurin'a attitude toward the De mocratic party?" was asked of Gen. Butler. "Oh, well," he replied, " you know what Gen. Wigfall used to say: ?If there is anything (Jod Almighty does not vDOW it is what will be the out come of a popular election or the ver dict of a petit jury.' There is no telling what twolvo months will brine forth in the politics of this country. If 1 had been in the Senate I would hnvo voted just as Mcl/iurin did, with tiic exception, perhaps, oi his vole for the ship subsidy bill. And yet there are plenty of precedents in Democratic history to justify a vote for that bill. South Carolina subsidized every rnil road built in the State by subscribing I to the capital stock of the companies up to the breaking out of the war. II I am not mistaken this course was pur sued in behalf of eveiy railroad with out exception. "It will be insisted, perhaps, that there is a difference In principle be tween such action by a State and by the Federal Government. The Federal Government certainly subsidized to the extent of millions and hundreds of millions of dollars the Pacific railroads, undoubtedly hy the votes and holp of good Democrats. Howovor that may be, it docs not come very gracefully from some Democrats and some so called Democrats to question Mr I .urn-iii's Democracy and undertako to read him out of tho party for voting at j ho did, when they, wiihin two weoks j thereafter, wheeled around and VOtod with apparent gusto for u railroad I subsidy which was not wanted by the , Postmaster Gcucral, and was therefore said at the time by consistent Demo crats to be a simple gratui'y from the treasury." 11 You do not, then} apprehend that 'imperialism1 or 'militarism1 will take tho plat e of popular government if the policy of the present Administration is cart led out ?" " \o, sir. II the President had done less than he has in dealing with tho questions involved, in the absence of Congressional action, he would have made himself liable to impeachment and disgrace, lie could not have done less and maintained the dignity, honor andjgood faith of the government of j which lie was and is the Chief Execu tive. '?That is my candid opinion, speak ing as a citizen. 'imperialism' and 'militarism' do not grow out of such, questions, and cannot us long as the press is free aud uncorruptcd citizen ship is permitted to cast a ballot for the preservation of popular govern ment. We are in much tnoiO danger -?popular constitutional government is?from domttgogism, socialism, popu lism, anarchism ami such heresies and fallacies. The supremacy aud control of such doctrines in the affairs of gov ernment may necessitate the employ ment of force to preservo public order, tho rights of property und enforce ment of law so that l hose who arc crying loudest against 'imperialism1 may make it necessary and become its authors. Political agitation which dials with llie intelligence and patriot ism of the people is always healthful, but no republic lias survived or can survive the domination and control in its governmental administration of reckless, time serving demagogues. " What, the .South needs now more than ever in its history is broad, liberal Statesmanship, which suggests some thing mere than mere obstruction and opposition, conforming in all respects to constitutional limitations, but gel ing in line with the progress and de velopment of the age. We are jUet emerging from the paralyzing (iTcct of reconstruction, with all its horrors and crimes, and should turn our faces to the front and contribute to the State and national strength and power on all legitimate lines. I believe McLaurill and many other young men of the South are in harmony with this thought and, therefor.:, his course has my ap proval. The Democracy, in my judg ment, made a fatal blunder when it permitted the Republicans to appro priate to iheir own usj the prestige uro wing out of the Spanish war. flic Democrats did as much to bring about the war as the Republicans ami should have claimed their share of its results and consequences. For myself, 1 am rejoiced that the crust of our national isolation has been broken and that -we can take our proper place among the nations of the earth." " You favor retaining possession of the Philippine Islands and other insular possessions /" I do most assuredly. Wc came into possession of thi<; new territory in the prosecution of a just war. We ex pended vast amounts of money and many valuable lives in the Spanish war, and by all the rules governing such questions wc nrc entitled to in demnity for the expenditures. This indemnity is usually paid in money or territory. Inasmuch as Spain had no money, we look Porto Rico in part payment, and for the Philippines wo paid cash. The title deeds were signed, settled, delivered und recorded. Why should wc give up land we have paid for with the consent of its owner, Spain?" " Do you apprehend that tho gov ernment of these islands is going to be very embarrassing to our govern ment?" " Not necessarily, if common sense and good judgment are employed in dealing with them. Of coutse, the problem is a seriojs one, but not in surmountable. I do not believe in a protectorate or colonial government. There is no place in our system for such dependence. The new posses sions of the United Stales belong to all the people of the United Slates aud governed by the supervision of Con gress as our other territories are governed, giving to the inhabitants of I hem just as much power of self government and SOVereignity as they are capable, of exercising. This has been the rule for Alaska for thirty odd jears and may be an safely applied elsewhere. " I cannot see whero there is such an over-powering dillicully in our way. No, sir; if the American people will put their heads together in a patriotic Spirit we will solve the problem justly and satisfactorily. The possession of these islands will redound with especial and immeasureablo benefit to the cot ton States, furnishing, as they will, a most valuable market for her manu factured cotton goods, and giro us a status in the Orient from which wo can defy competition in that vast Held for lucrative business. We should insist upon the 'door ; being kept open to China. We should hold on to tho islands and govern them, as we can, honestly, justly, fairly. When the in habitants realize that the installation of our constitutional form of govern ment, with representative responsi bility, means for them freedom and enlightened progress, they will scoff at the jeremiads of those who have tried to convince them tbnt we intend to destroy their liberties and rob them of their country." In regard to the appointment of Mr. Capers at> United .States district attorney for South Carolina, lien. Hutlor paid: " What Is wanted in South Caro lina, above all things, is a grcator tol eration for those honestly differing from us in political opinion, greater political freedom of action. I find we I have passed the point whero the while people from necessity were arrayed on one side to protect their civilization with the negro raco on the other, and we can now afford to divide on tho paiamount political issues, as in other States. If Mr. Capers chooses to ally himself with the Republican party be causo lie conscientiously approves of its principles, he has a perfect right to SCROFULA AND ITS AWFUL HORRORS -CUKED 1IY Johnston's Sarsaparilla QUART^OTTLES. A. MOST W?NJ^KF?L CURB. A Orand Old Lady UIvcm Her Experience. Mrs. Thankful Orllla Hurd lives in the beautiful village of Brighton, Llviugston Co., Mich. This venerable and highly respected lady was born lu the year 1812, the year of the great war, In Hebron, Washington Co., New York. She came to Michigan in 1840. the yoar of "Tippccanoc and Tyler too." All her faculties are excellently preserved, and possessing a very re tentive memory, her mind is full of Interesting reminiscences of her early life, of the early days of the State of Michigan and the interesting and re markable people she has met, ami the stirring events of which she was a wit ness. But nothing lu her varied ami manifold recollections* are more mar velous and worthy of attention than are her experiences In the use of JOHNSTON S SARSAPARILLA. Mrs. Hurd inherited a tendency and pre disposition to scrofula, that terribly destructive blood taint which has cursed and Is cursing the lives or thousands and marking tliousands more as vic tims of the death angel. Transmitted from generation to generation, It Is found lu nonry every family in one form or another. It may make Its ap pearance In dreadful running sores, in unsightly swellings In the neck or goitre, or in eruptions of varied forms. Attacking the mucous membrane, it may be known as catarrh in the head, or developing In tho lungs It may be, and often is, the prime cause of consumption. Speaking of her ease, Mrs. Hurd Bays: "I was troubled for many years with a bad skin disease. My arms an,i limbs would break out In n mass of sores, discharging yellow matter. My nock bopan to swell and became very unsightly In appearance. My body was covered with scrofulous eruptions.. My eyes were also greatly Inflamed and weakened, and they pained me very much. My blood was In a very bad condition and my head ached severely at frequent Interval-, and I had no appetite. I had sores also In my ears. I was in a miserable condition, I had tried every remedy that had been recom mended, and doctor after doctor had failed. Ono of "the best physicians In the state told me I must dlo of scrofulous consumption, as Internal abcesses were beginning to form. I at length was told of Dr. Johnston, of Detroit, and his famous Sarsaparilla. I tried a bottle, more as an experiment than any thing else, as I had no faith In It, and greatly to my agreeable surprise, I begnu to grow better. You can be sure I kept on taking It. I took a great many bottles. But I steadily Improved until 1 became entirely well. All tho sores healed up, all tho bad symptoms disappeared. I gained perfect health, and I have never been troubled with scrofula since. Of course an old lady of 83 years is not a young woman, but I hnvo bad remarkably good health since then, and I firmly believe that JOHNSTON'S SARSAPARILIiA Is tho greatest blood purifier and tho best medicine In the wide world, both for scrofula and as a spring medicine." This remarkably interesting old lady dhl not lok to be more than sixtv. and sho repeated several times, "I believe my life was saved by JOIINSTON'S SARSAPARILLA " MI CHICiA W TJI* vjca OOMX'AMY, DJ?'1'M.OZT, MIOH. For ''ale by The Laurens Drug Co , Laurens. S. C. do so ami should not he denounced on that account. Nothing could he of more advantage to our State, politically and commercially, than the organiza tion of an active, respectable opposi tion to lire present political organi/.aton of the State. It would insure heller men for office and better administration of the laws." JOHN C. CALHOUN'S OLD HOME A Northern Correspondent De scribes the Fort Hill Mansion at Clemson. " (iath," a correspondent of the Plltsbnrg Dispatch, writing from Fort Hill,-S. C, April 14th, gives Iiis im pressions about the former home of John C. Calhoun, as follows : Having visited most of the homes of Ameiican public men who exist in tradition, 1 felt the list incomplete till 1 had come nearer to JohnC. Calhoun. So I took tue night tlitin at Washing ton City on tho Southern railway and awoke at Charlotte, N. ('., and then continued on till noon, getting off at Central Station, live miles from Cal houn's home at the northwestern end oi South Carolina, Central is just half way between Charlotte and Atlanta. At Central I hired a buggy and driver and rode to Calhoun's house, called formerly Fort Hill. It is now Clemson college. There I dismounted at the place where Calhoun lived from 1S-J4, when first elected vice president, before .John Quiney Adams was elected piesidi nt, a lilt 1 e later, as Adams was chosen by the. States in Congress, the the second of the Presidents to be elected without a popular choice. Cal houn had the electoral majority thai year, and was re-elected for the fust term of Andrew Jackson, and fully expected that Jackson would retire at the end of one term and leave him Caliph, or successor. From 1824 to Iiis death in 1H?0 Fort Hill was Calhoun's legal resideuco and part of the time his real residence. It is about the only place in South Caro lina where any residence of Calhoun can now bo identified, his former homes at Abbeville, Bath, etc., being now gone or uncertain. Fort Hill is like Marshallfleld for Webster, Ash land for Clay, Lindcnwald for Van Buren or the Hermitage for Jackson, the place of Calhoun's interval or pri vate life. The road to Calhoun's wound over ihe railroad track and the clay and sand hill lops through the plowed ground for cotton, without any fences, some four or five old huts or houses and two or three wooden churches on the way, the woods thin pine or petty oaks. One old horse mill gin and compress was passed before we reached Clem son, amidst which, like an old white relic, is Calhoun's home. Much of this time be was in Washington, Charles ton or Columbia. The architectural quality of Iwo M porches " gave the impression of ad ditions to a mere plain " house " or country collage, with outside chimneys that were carried up in two diminish ing Qreplacos to a plain shaft, drawn back from touching tho gable. No dormers were in this blank loof, but only gable openings. The portico came almost or quite to the ground with a strip of Kraus lawn bolero, and ihen two or throe steps down to a " walk," or path. Still farther down whs a modurn latticed round summer house, covering an old stone spring, which had no overflow. Despite its oight columns nnd re lieved vertical chimneys, the dwelling looked low, the skylines outstretching the columnar Intention, it was mv view thai at the present day, with such materials, I could duplicate the house for $2,500, at the most 8:1,500. What gaveit the statesman or proprietary ef fect wero the tall old treca on the pro montory lawn, four or live branching onks, rising scvetnl times the height of the house, some old cedars, locusts, firs and pines, a beech tree near the spring I and close to it an enormous trco all naked at the top, but near the ground full of holly, liko evergreen. In tho rear of the bouse, aomo 50' paces from it, was a little on? story offlco with a window in the sido and a door under a woodon classical portico, tho whole, say, 12 fott by 10. This was tho solitary man's library and study. I understood that his books had been transferred to the college. Knocking at the knockerless door will) my knuckles, it was opened by an anna ble young lady, who said that her aunt, or mother, Mrs. Calhoun, would show me the " relic room," and opened a door from a vestibule leading to tho short one-r mined left wing. It bad a celling of while, boards, in snips of live or six inches, a carefully bus handed carpet on the lloor and a wooden black mantel in the end, with a brick 11 replace lor wood lire below. Among family and domestic things on the wall were engravings of Gen erals Leo and Jackson, and, I think, Jefferson Davis. The room was very tranquil, neat and old limoisb, was low in the ceiling end was perhaps 22x18 feet, it appeared to ho the living or sining room ; perhaps in sick ness or extreme beat, the chief bed room Soou i lady of ti 10 quiet period came in, wild culling while hair, a gentle manner and accommodating Mrs. Cal houn. She may have been alive when Calhoun died, nearly at the season 1 was present?indeed, only live days be fore the date of bis demise, March .'51, f)l years ago. lie was also horn in March, 1782, nine months before bis tranquil competitor, President Van Buren, aud ten years after William ' II. Crawford, who struck Calhoun down with bis one unporalyzed arm. Tins bouse at once destroys the idea that, be was a very rich man. He had so little money of bis own that bis brother worked his farm near Abbe ville, t<> let bun go to college, lie married bis second cousin, Klorulc Calhoun, a id she. it is always Staled, possessed this Fort Hill place and the slaves. Calhoun and bis wife led out as so- j cial forces at Washington. Parted liic time he lived in the large Linlhicum mansion on Georgetown Heights, and his wife was quoted as a woman of decision. If Webster, with his great fees, ami Clay, with the manufactur ers behind him, bad to borrow money, why was Calhoun, who hail no practice and was not very intimate with any body, above the thought of money ? IN A HUMOROUS \EIN. Gigglcton?I nearly died laughing last night. Parker?Which one of your jokes were you telling??Tit Hits. Willie. ?Papa, what's an ?*oid flame?" I'a?Mv ton, when a man speaks of "his old Ilamo" he refers to Something over which he used to hum his money. ? Philadelphia Press lie?Have, not all my actions shown you that I love you? She?I'm sure 1 don't know. Papa says you arc. not answerable for your actions.? Harper's Bazar. Generally speaking, a workman is known by bis tools; but in the case of a political worker, it is doubtful if bis tools know him as thoroughly well as they think.?Detroit Journal. Mrs. Westside?Your husband got in at o'clock this morning, and yet you say lie is a man of regular habits. Mrs. Elmorc?Certainly. It is his reg ular habit to get home at 8 o'clock. " How did your charily ball turn out?" " Oh, it was a splendid success. Our expenses wero only 8227, and we bud 84 83 left over for charity."?Chicago Times- Herald. Young Husband?Yes, dear, you look nice in that dress, but it cost mo a lot of money. Young Wife?Dick, dear, what do I care for money when it's a question of pleasing you. ?Tit-Hits. u Havo your folks got. spiing fever yet?" ?? We haven't time; it takes all of us to watch grnndma and keep her from getting out to plant garden-seed."? Chicago Hccord-Hcrald. CASTOR IA For Infanti and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the ?ignatur* of THE CONSUMERS' LEAGUE 1IY mUs. mahy CAIiVKHT, Sl?AUTANUUKO. . I he follow!' n paper was read at ttie an nual convention of the South t'arolina (federation of women's clut>9 held in Ureeuvldo lust week Ten years ago the Women's Working Society of New York inaugurated a in >vc meat iu the interest of the women aud children employed in |&C0 ret iil b'.urcs oi I that city. Their investigation proved that the working hours were excessive, that overtime was not paid for, lines were exorbitant, wages were low and children under fourteen wer - employed, eoulrary to law, and all Banitaiy aud physical conditions were unnoticed. Such surprising conditions were found to exist that a puhlic appeal was made, which resulted in Tlio Consumers League of New York city. Some time afterward, a State LoagUQ was organized, anil so confident aud persistent have the workers in the movement been that now there are Leagues in twelve Sta'.es, all united under " 1 he National Consumers' League " Tue word "consumer' here, for want of a more specific term, is used as symo uomous with the wi rd "buyer." A con sumers' league, or a league of buyers, i? an association of persons who purpose to do their buying in such ways as will heiter the conditions of those who maku and those who distribute the things bought, lu the ten minutes limit al lowed, I can merely out iuo, first, the teachings and principles of the League, anil sec lidly, its practical hi(1X8 as ap p ied to individual needs. Tue. general principles as stated in the constitution are : I That the Interest of the community demands Unit all Workers should receive fair living wages. II That the responsibility for some of the worst evils fioin which wai;e earners sutler rests w ith the consumers w ho per sist iu buying in the cheapest maiket regardless of how that cheapness is brought about. 111. That it is therefore the duty of consumers to find out under what con ditions the articles which thev huv ?r? produced, und to insist that these con dilions shall bo decent and consistent with a rcspcctaulc existence tn the part of the workers. The immediate aim of the League i liist to extend among all classes of mer canlile houses the commemhihle condi tions now existing in tho bust ; and second, to abolish the sweating system ? this last being the special task of the National League. Tue League practi cally app icB tiieso principles by the use of tin standard of a Fair House aud a VYbitO List by the use of a Consumers' League label, ami by piomoting more humane labor laws The advisory board and various committees work coutinu OUSiy With the factory inspectors, and by patient insistence aueceed in some measure in having tho la'jor laws en forced. !hcir standard of a Fair House re gulatOS the wages, working hours, lines, Holidays, vacations and physical condi tions of all employees The White Libt is a published list of all retail houses Which conform most closely to the slan dar.i of a Pair House. The Consumers' League label is their trade maik, as it were, aud is used to enable tiie purchaser to distinguish gar ments made in factories approved by the League, from those made uuder other conditions The National League, leaving the local organizations to adopt such lines of special work as Boom most needed in its locality, has confined itself to an in VCStigation of tho conditions of the manufacture of white muslin underwear, to the promotion of the use of the label, and most largely to the education of purchasers by means of lectures, liter a lure and organization. Twenty-two factories have adopted tho use of the label, aud a glance at their names is convincing proof that the very best goods are made by them. The woifc of creating a steady demand for labeled goods devolves upon the State leagues and upon the effort of in dividual members. This work is being most thoroughly accomplished in Now England, Massachusetts and Hhode Island being far in advance of other Btati s Iu Pennsylvania, tue state League is making constant 1 lTort to iu dUCO merchants to use label bearing goods, and is doing much education .1 work among the Bhoppors. In Illinois the Stale League has direct cd its liest effort to the discussion of the power and duty of the purchaser Ii lias vigorously supported the off >rt of the custom tailors to secure from their em ployers, the merchant tailors, the con cession of comfortable workrooms, thus aiding most effectively in this revolt against tenement house manufacture In Kentucky, the League is attempting, in addition to the usual work of the or ganization, to quietly Had a just solution of that problem which is just n >w con fronting so many of OUT Southern Stales, the child labor question Such iu brief is an outline of the Con sumers' LcagUO, as it exists today, an outline of its work, Us aims and respon sibilities. Tho League has now shown us that there is urgent need of reform and help aud sympathy for these " white slaves," as thu (iovomor of Canada calls these toilers, ami the question arises how can wc as individuals hol,, them V Does our ordinaly buying of tilings carry with it any moral responsibility ? 1)0 we by buying products made iu unwholesome surroundings help perpet uate these evil conditions V Can we buy so as to increase the world's good woik and lessen its bad work V Within the last few years social eco nomists have devoted much time to the question of "consumption" They em phasizo wealth-using as fully as they do wealth milking, and the text hooks now toaota in natural h< quouco, Production, Distribution and Exchange. Tnoy lay omphatlo stress both on tiiu influonco of c >n?umption upon production, Mid of the moral duties involved upon uOOlOty and tin individual. These qucHiions ns to individual rc sponsihilily chu he most clearly answer ed hy the economists themselves Prof. Patten, the most learned authority on Consumption in America, says : " The j principle upon which the Consumers' League is httscd is sound I have great faith iu educating the consumer, and iu tho social changes which a higher type will bring. Tho producer is merely an ageut of the consumer, and if tho latter is persistent in demanding better things and condition, society w:i! ho at length remodeled and transformed." President Hadiey, of Yalo, says i ' An years go on, 1 am more and more im pressed with the idea that economic re form is likely to come through the agency of the consumer, rather than from anv other sourco " fc.'om a Uurman school we road: "Tho produclug man is cssoulially the servant of the. consuming man. and tho final di rection of industry lies with the con Burners " Aud again, " The industrial world is our scr va.it, and liko any good servant is only forestalling our wishes " Buch conclusions from such authori ties prove that the consumer Is the creator. The artistic boot maker, who admires the normal f hates to make the poiutod, hi;;.i heeled boot, but his customers demaud hem aud ids duty is to serve them It the public did not rend the yel ow journals, their publica lion would BOOU cease Tao Audubou society is teaching women the cruel fo ly of wearing birds on their hals, and so tire preservation of birds is accotn p ished. Tbo stores ate very sensitive to the demands of the buyers They keep in sloi 1; what y. u ask for. If, then, the merchant is s > keenly alive to the whims of every class of buyers, would he not be more so to the insistent intelligent demands of an educated public V And at) tlte League purposes to educate this public, these every day consumers by muuliugs, by lectures, by (call ts, and by systematic investigation It musl be made plaiu thai the e msuincrs lope to move on, very slowly al first, from sweat stiop conditions to such factory iudus Hies as exist UUdei the humane laws of some Northern States li must also be made plain to all classes that factory made products are not more expe isivo than sweat shop goods The League is not a movement agiinst cheapness as cheapness The modern factory, with labor Saving appliances, can produce cheaper at tides, even with higher wages and shorter hours, than e une from tene incut industries. A great variety of goods can be traced direc .' to Ihe best paid workers Would not such prices as hemstitched handkerchiefs for .r? cents finished kuco pants for 25 cents and trimmed cutset covers for y cents satisfy even the most persistent bargain seeker in town? Tue next question is do we need the League iu South Carolina Are we ready tor such an organization, or can Ihis woik be carried on with our Club work as it is iu other places ? In this State, we do no find such extremes of wealth and poverty as wo see in other States There are no sweat shops. Our mer chants, as a general rule, all live up to the standard of a Fair House It seems to me that primarily, in this Slate, the movement which I have attempted to describe must take the form of a co operative educational movement Two years ago, when Maikhain's won derful poem "The Man with the Hoe,"' Was find, published. I heard it most nt. fectivuly recited in a sermon to teachers by Mr Kurebaw, Of Charleston Uis sympathetic rondiliou brought out all the points of the puctu ami the patience the pathos, the- hopelessness of it all made me very uncomfortable. My Hum mer vacation was not all rest, and bo I I went to a very wise fiicnd, who can al- I ways help me, and said, "I wislt Mr. Kershaw had left that poem alone 1 can't forget it and yet, what is there that I can do?" He answered, 'I'av your cook more num y That's about Hie only point at which the problem touches you.' And this is the essence of Hie spirit of the LeagUQ It is tins Qoldon Kale as applied to social CC0U01U ics. In this educatiou we must t'_ ach our selves to " want " right IhiugS, rightly made. We must learn when aud how to l)UV, SO that the "Song of the Suirt " v ill become a mere memory of a sad picture of by gone days We must learn (a very hard lesson for us women of fru gal miudsj to avoid the bargain table, which is, as we all know, a mere adver tising scheme, and is tilled generally with sweat shop goods made specially for this clearance sale. While we are learning these things ourselves we must teach our merchants the objects of the League. Teach them what a Pair House is, teach them the use of the label, aud call persislently for labeled goods, I'aronize those houses Which pay the highest wages and which think that work web done by a woman is worth just as much as if done by a man. Support them in the early closing movement, and urge Hie observance of all holidays, You will lind in these shops the best service and the best " cheapness." And next I come to a class of which I know not how to speak It is by far the largest class of toilers in litis State that needs our help. 1 refer to the chli dren of the cotton mills 1 know it is not a popular subject. We scarcely dare allude to it in our club, there are so many mill presidents in Spartauburc and they have so many relatives 1 realize that there are many sides to the question, and the answers cannot be found in a day 1 know the evils of la bor laws. In fact, I have not very much faith in legislat ires composed of mere men when it comes to socialistic ques tions Hut the children are in the mills working eleven hours a day. These children are growing into men and wo men just as our ehi drcn arc, and thoy cannot write their names In a jury of twelve men, drawn from one of our city mills last month, nine of the jurors had to make their mark. These are Ameri can citizens, grown up under this wou ilerful civiliZ'ition, which, having ac complished such wonderful things for its own, is sicking to en IghtOU the ut I er most parts of the earth. In a few years they will CO ise to be citizens, for the ti'uc ia rapidly approaching when the ballot box will be denied all Hilter ales How can The Consumers' League touch this class? The same answer is given By educition. Commence at the top, and educate the mill presidents If all presidents were like your own Ellison Smyth,.I unes L Orr, Lewis Parker and Mrs. M. P. Uridloy, tho task were not so dilllcult. Thoy have made a tine beginn ing in establishing free kindergartens aud tine schools, and in many ways showing themselves the children's ftlnnd. Tdo compromise effect od by the mill presidents and the Legislature of North Carolina was a Step in tho right direction Let the presidents of South Carolina mi Is unite with them in a Presidents' League, if you will, and let them decide that they will not employ a child under fourteen, they will not em ploy a child that cannot rend and write, and that furthermore they will, with what help they can get from the State, maintain good schools, the question will for a time at least he kept from the politicians Above all things keep the question from Ottr legislators ?Until you educate them. You may not bo able to educate al! the presidents at once, I rather think it will require time, but in the tnoanwhtlo you are moulding public opinion, which af'er all Is the prunary condition of ail effec tive social legislation And the last lesson for us is patience. All social re forms develop si >wly, because new habits of thought must be patiently tended, and we must learn to await those slower results which are the mark of lasting good Your duty is, while you are I waiting an opportunity to j on the South ICarolina League, to bo just, ho kind, he watchful, be patient, and always keep clear your own little corner of creation. ? During the past twenty ono years Georgia h is paid out in pensions to Confederate soldiers the snug sum of 16,458,857, OABTOniA. Besntbs y>lh? Kind Vou Have Always c>v No (A. ?'? ? - 'grown without Potash. Supply enough Pot ash and your profits will ho V l.i' "-; without v . Pot a sh your crop will be ?iCl'llliMV ()ur books, t' II r .>' ? >iil ? M uUu|)tC<l 1<ii ill il\>|i ?"? CTRM \ :? K M.I mi|Mj iuoii ol fcrtilitcn t ? nil luruturs. PENSION LIST DECREASED. No Pensions for Negroes -The New Law is Working Very Well. The Slate pension board has complet ed its labors for the your 1001 and ad* journcd. Every application lias been most carefully gone over and considered, and the result of the operation of the new act has been to most materially re duce the number of names up m the lists. One source of the reduction is found in the fact that the new pension law only a lows pensions to widows of soldiers actually killed in Bervice, and widows who have reached the age of 0) years. This statement shows the figures for last year as compared to tliose of this year: A H 0 Total l'.tOO. 40 .'ill- 7 208 ?,70ti 1001. 2<1 201 6,218 0,488 Decrease These figures, however, are subject to some slight changes. Hero is tlie statement of the number of pensioners in each class in each county: A B C Total Abbeville. ? 2 1.10 1 :ts ! Alken . ? 12 its 10J Anderson. 2 0 350 :i70 Hamberg. ? 2 -iH 00 Barn well. ;i ? 105 10s Beauf rt. ? ? 1?7 27 Berkeley. 1 ? 87 8b Charleston. 2 f> 77 84 Cherokee. 1 0 151 1?8 Chester. 1 .'{ 80 03 Chesterfield. 1 J 180 135 Clarendon. 1 It 118 122 Colloton. ? 2 287 284 Darlington. 2 1 H7 1110 Dorchester. ? ? (it) Oil E Igelield. ? 0 01 U7 Fail field. ? 8 108 111 Florence. 1 2 128 131 Georgetown. ? 2 no OS Grecuvillo. ? 11 325 830 Greenwood. ? 0 115 120 Hampton. ? 1 113 lit llorry. ? 7 114 101 Kershaw. 1 2 HIS 111 Lancaster. ? 8 lit 222 Laurens. 1 8 200 218 Lexington. - 0 181 14o Marion. 3 8 180 100 Marlboro. ? 2 1 ? U 111 New berry. ? 5 137 142 Oconce. ? o 102 105 Orangeburg. 1 1 122 127 Itckens. ? 2 280 288 Kichland.... l ? 150 102 Saluda. ? r, mi 140 Bpartanburg. ? 23 607 680 Sumter. ? 0 150 lti.r> Union. 1 4 135 140 Williamsburg ... ? 7 lo? 11? York. 1 0 2,0 280 Total. 24 201 6,213 6,438 On a basis of $100,000 the class A pen sioners last year got $72 each; class 11, if 10 00- class C, $1230; on a basis of $150,000 they would have gotten in class es 11 and C $10 52 and $1 i '12 respective ly Tnis year ttie class A pensioners will get 000 each, ciass B ahoul ifcHO.SO ami class C about $22 .'15 The receipts have been sent to tho severa1 COUUllcs for tho pensioners to sign. As soon as they begin to come in the warrants for the individual pension ers will be sent to tho several elciUs of court. There has been considerable interest in the matter of the three negro men whose applications have been approved, and some of whom have been on previ ous pe isiOU lists. The case from Green wood attracted decided attontion and comment. Tue State board rejected all of the ap plications from the negroes on the grounds that their names di 1 not appear on the rolls of the respective companies to Wbioh they were credited on the Cou federate rolls and rocords on ?\\a in tho Adjutant Geno ... 8 oitlco, au i that they Ilia no author ly to iusuu p'J isions to other than onli ted soldiers .John C. CaMIOUN'S FoilMAh Wool no. ?Though mi ardent lover fretting at time's slow courso until his wedding day, John ('. CJalhoun wrote hut one letter to hin sweetheart?his pretty cousin, Florulo Calhoun All the other communications, when the lovers were separated, Acre made through her moth er. Bui shortly before their marriage "the Great Nullilier," wrote expressing Iiis anxiety for the arrival of the happy day, and the letter recently come to light is published in the Ladies' Home Journal. After giving hearty expression to the j >y lie 1ms fo?ud in her Company the letter runs : ' It gives me much satisfaction that lime ami absence make no impression on my love for you ; It glows with no less ardor than at the moment of part ing, which must ho a happy omen of its permanent nature Wiion mere personal charms attract, the impression may ho violent hut cannot bo lasting, and it ro quires the perpetual presence of the ob ject to keep it alive , hut when tho OOaUty Of mind, the soft and s.voot dis position, Hie amiable and lovable charac I tor embellished with innocence and Cheerfulness aro united to tho attrac tions of personal beauty, it bids do fiance to time Buch, my dear Plofldo, aro the arms by which you have con quered, and it is by these tho durability of your sovereignty is established over your subject whom you hold in willing BOrvitudo May God proservo yon Adieu, my lovo : my heart's do light 1 am your true lover " ? Hov. Juuln I). Fulton, who f >r 47 years was act I oly engaged in tho Bap tist ministry, died recently near Boston, Ho was for many years a public lecturer. OA.OTC3H.XA.. Bttri the Ihs Kind You Have AlWiW BoujM Signatar? ?f