The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, January 02, 1901, Image 1
VOL. XVI. LAURENS S. C, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2,1901. NO 19
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1901 JANUARY 1901
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NEW YEAR'S CUSTOMS
GIFT MAKING HAS ALWAYS BfctN A
FEATURE OF THE DAY.
OD
The Old Hourbun Klnm ttxpected tu
Thni lleuleutah Their TrtMUrleti
The Un.?Kll lluul In KuKl?ud-Old
Bongs.
|EW YEAR'S DAY, the day
when the huii's light began to
Increase again und so promise
the return of plenty, bus al
ways been a day of Joy und present
glvlug. Annui!; all peoples the priests
of old got the lion's share. The old
Teutons guve the spoils of war and of
th? chase. Roman knights yielded their
most beautiful slaves. The Christ Inn
era somewhat uiodllied the custom, but
?till It was a day of rubbery by priests
and mouarcbs, and New Year's day
rather thuu Christmas w as the day for
the exehuuge of gifts. The old Bour
bon kings looked to It to havo their
treasuries replenished then, and woe to
the baron who did not give geuerously.
it was a time of mkurymakinq.
A twentieth of one'a Income was
thought to he the proper amount to
give to king, church und friends.
In fact, no country In the times pust
made more merry on New Year's duy
than merry old England. It was the
time of the wassail bowl, the old Saxon
"wes hall" (do well) being the drinking
pledge There were much eatlug, deep
drinking and pranks nnd games pecul
iar to the day. Many of these were not
ovemlee. ''Lamb's wool" was the
drink of the day, and It was made of
ale, nutmeg, powdered bay leaves,
roasted crabs und toust, aud a queer
mixture it would seem. No one slept
on New Year's eve. It was a time of
"most ungodly wantonness," so the
later Puritans said. Hut nt the time
he who did not get very drunk for four
days together was deemed "a most uu
gleesoine churl." It was the custom to
form processions and benr the wassail
bowl about as long as any one was so
ber enough to carry it, compelling all to
drink. Pretty maidens might escape
by paying the forfeit of a kiss. Who
would not huve preached abstinence to
the fair in those merry days? 'Twas
Bacchus or Venus for days. Here's
how a contemporary bard slugs the
tune:
No sound* but sound* of Joy salute th* year,
Tt>? blushing mild* are binding up their hair
Aftrr th* romp, th* laugh, the hearty kit* adorn
Tn*lr Up*, and the wassail bowl in boro*
In village, grange and town to make
Th* good in*d feel the New Year well awake.
At the midnight stroke of the bell all
the maidens wero kissed 12 times, all
the mugs were tilled, and those who
could stand (so states a precise writer)
drank a good health and a happy New
Year to each other. They joined hands
and danced around the wassail bowl
and sang the sougs of the times. Here
U a specimen:
Waasall, wasaall, over the town;
Our toast la white, our al* 1* brown,
Our board U made of the niaplln tre?.
BacchusI Bacchus! W* drink to th**.
choi?*.
i.ovo sud Joy com* to you,
And to our merry wssesll, too.
And may one pretty maid be true
Through all the coming year.
The modern loving cup is said to be a
reflex of the New Yeur wassail bowl.
Ah the poetry of the so called good
old time was dot as bad as the above,
howe.er. 8wet?t Robert Herrlek lived
in that boisterous time, and no bard
quite equals hhn in catching the true
pastoral spirit of tboso reckless days,
neither has any poet portrayed the
Images aud conceits of merry England
aa sha was two centuries ago with so
aweet a truth. Though he did sing
wantonly of the wdssall kiss, ho was
musical withal.'
Herrlek has sung many of the cus
toms of the time. One little stanza we
find among his melodious numbers fitly
concludes our sketch, and who is there
that cannot say "amen" to It on New
Year's day:
O sweet Christ child who from thy stall
Bring*st in thy blood a balm that akall
B* th* beat Now Year's gift to all.
ounsiuiBH ut. me executive mansion
under all administrations has been es
sentially a home festival. It Is on New
Year's day that the doors of the estab
lishment aro opened to the public, and
everybody who is anybody comes to
?hake tho president's hand.
wvej naa ner rauus, nut in inventing
clothes shA gave the world the Jw> of
the child's Cuilstmas stocking. ? In
dl&c?polls 8entlnel.
BeanOa _yf Tin Kind You Haw Always Boogfrt
O*o*o*o#o#o*o*o>:o*o*o*o*c?o
1 IN NEW AMSTERDAM!
o o
* - *
2 NE'V vr AR'S WITH <j>
6 TLaE DUTCH SETTLERS. o
OttO*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0
|H ION our Dutch ancestors de
barked from the Half Moon in
the linrbor of Manhattan. It
was the year 1014. And they
brought with them from their native
Holland nothing of that spirit of reli
gions Intolerance which distinguished
the New England Puritans who came
six years later, snys the Utlcn Observ
er, in fact, they were denounced by
their Yankee neighbors as a "godless
crew," hut It is now plain that they
loved their homes and families, they
foi'gnve their enemies, and they fanned
to till me the spark of national honor
which they possessed.
When Peter stuyvesunt came to New
Amsterdam as governor in itf-17, he
was quickly dubbed "old Sil verleg"
because he was a veteran who had
given a leg to the cause of his country
ami replaced it with a substantial
WOOdeil one bound with silver. Though
Governor Stuyvesunt was a harsh and
cruel man. all accounts agree that he
was a good ruler, hut in 10G-J one day
when a British tleet appeared off the
coast of New An1 >rdntu and demand
ed Its surrender ??old SU verleg" was
forced to yield, his people refusing to
light. So the British took possession of
the Island of Manhattan and christen
ed It New York, the same being the egg
from which is hatched that Greater
New York which today stands forth
tili" second city In the world.
Hut what did our Dutch ancestors do
to distinguish themselves? Well, they
kept Christmas and New Year's day.
both of which were frowned upon by
the Massachusetts Puritans. On New
Veer's morning the old Dutch burgher
Would start forth from his own door
and visit Iiis neighbors, collecting all
the money due him from the solvent
debtors and forgiving the Insolvent
ones. and. having drunk numberless
mugs of punch with the solvent and
Insolvent alike, he returned t?> his home
a better man, mure forgiving in spirit
and (whisper Ibis!) more religious
minded than his Puritan neighbor who
had spent the day precisely ms he
spends every other weekday in the
year.
Why have we forgotten the example
of our Dutch ancestors'/ We all keep
the l/ourth of .lu!s. sacred to liberty.
We nil keep Thanksgiving; day out of
respect to the pilgrim fathers perhaps,
hut more out of gratitude to the Giver
of all good things. We all keep Christ
mas out of love of him whose birth it
commemorates. Why don't we keep
New Year's? Are we recreant sous of
our Dutch ancestors who llrst settled
New a in8tcrdnm.'
A TWELFTH NIGHT SUPPER.
Revival of nil Old ('UNlniu?Choosing
n kiiik h>mi Qn<-?-u at Festivities*
The old custom of celebrating
Twelfth night (Jan. To Is again being
revived and makers a pleasing novelty
In the way of entertainments for the
New Year, says the New York Post.
As this Is the festival of the bean
king beans should be largely used In
the decorations. In the dining room
festoons of them might hang from the
Chandelier to the table. To use the lit
tle white beans they should llrst be
soaked in water overnight, strung while
wet, tiRlng a line needle, then put away
for a day, when they will again become
dry and hard. The supper may be sim
ple or elaborate, us the hostess wishes,
but the table should be lighted with
candles and the Twelfth cake given the
most conspicuous place. To avoid con
fusion have the cake Iced In two colors,
white and pink or white and chocolate
the men taking the slices of one color,
the ladles of the other. When baking
the cake, place a bean In one side and
a pen In the other. Stick a straw in
beside each one, tying a colored thread
around one straw so that no mistake;
vlll he made. The man who finds the
bean In his piece of cake will be tin
king, while the queen will be the lad'
who holds the pea.
After supper a mock court Is held,
when the king and queen receive the
homage of the company. At one end
of the room have a platform on which
are two chans. Here the king and
queen must be crowned with appropri
ate ceremony, placing upon their heads
crown:-, of cardboard covered with gilt
paper and having beads and spangle?
sewed on. Very effective additions an
long capes of muslin trimmed with
broad borders of crintno (canton flan
nel marked with black paint). The
king should also hold a scepter, which
can he a short, round stick or cane cov
ered with gilt paper.
When the coronation Is over and the
king and queen are seated upon their
throne, the court should be presented.
Previous to this each guest should be
given a card showing who he la to Im?
personate. Each enrd. cut and painted
to represent a bean, bears the name of
a historical or fictitious* character
what is more Interesting, that of some
celebrity of the present day. The her
ald, with a great flourish of his trum
pet, will call out the name, with a brief
Introduction. Social Impersonations
will greatly Add to IhO merriment.
The cards designating the places at
the suppor table might he painted with
a cake, n row of candles or a string of
peas and beans.
iu noine pans or rural Ktigianu every
mince pie partaken of under a different
roof during the Christmas season In
sures a hnppy month during the com
ing year. Every housekeeper has a
stock of pies 011 hand to offer her
friends, and no excuse for not eating Is
permissible except, "Thanks; I have
eaten my 12."
Make an Advance.
If as the old year ends and the new
begins there Is one person who feels
that no advance has been made, either
something im wrong with that person or
the shadows have not yet risen high
enough above his path to permit even
an Indistinct gllmpso of the goal to
ward which ho Is surely moving.?A.
H. Bradford. D r?
THE ROSY NEW YEAR.
Ho. you little follow.
With the hpurkle In your eycst
Will you wreathe your arms around in,
Will you kiss jh.iv our sighs.
You rosy little fellow.
With the sparkle in your eyes?
Ho, you little fellow.
Like a sunbeam from the Bklesl
Will yon set the bells to ringing,
Will you give us songs for sighs,
You rosy little lellOW,
With the sparkle in your eyes?
Ho, you little follow.
Near your dimples Borrow dies;
The ilarkiuv, .-il-It? in music,
And the glory's in the sklesl
You rosy little follow,
SMtli the sparkle in your eyes!
? Atlanta Constitution.
ON THE WINGS OF FAITH.
A little maid, In white arrayed.
Knelt by the duiuty trundle bed;
With lisping lip she softly prayed,
And this is what she bald:
"Dear Cod, 'tis Christmas eve, you know,
And, oh, please do one thing for me I
I want to cloac my eyes and go.
In dicams, to papa o'er the seal
"I hung his Stocking by the side
Ol mine ami mamma's the tree,
And uiaiiiiuu hugged me tight and tried
And cried, 'cause papa couldn't see.
"And when she wont to sleep I thought,
Dear Clod, I'll kneel and pray to you
To send my papa what 1 bought.
And all my bestest kisses too."
A soldier watching In Luzon
Paced slow, a weary sentinel.
He raw the flush of coming dawn
And cried the watchword, "All Is w, 111"
So, sudden, in the foleirn hush
That brooded o'er his lonely place
He heard the wings of angels rush
And felt sweat kisses on his face!
?Cincinnati Kogulrcr,
The Greater Gitta.
Civ* us. New Y'car, the Light
Along the lonely way; ? ;
Some Star to mako the night
Hold kinship with the day!
Over the storms of life
Arch thou the rainbow rayt
Give us. New Year, the grace.
To bless a world la need,
To stand before God's face,
Pure with the dream and deed;
To soothe the souls that mourn,
To blud the wound* that blcedl
So ahall thy coining be
Blest of each cot and clod;
The seed shall flowerlngly
Urlghten the desert aod
And the world roll nearer heaven
Under the smile of Oodl
?Atlanta Constitution.
A Scottish New Year Custom.
In the more primitive Scotch towns
poor children go nround fantastically
dressed, stopping ut the different
houses to call for a shure of the good
things made for the coming day. A cu
rious old rhymo which they sing on
this occasion follows:
Get up, good wife.
And shake your feathers,
And diuna think that
We are beggars,
Kor we are bairns
Come out to play;
Get up and gie't our
Hogmanay.
There were many other picturesque
customs in Scotland which have long
?luce died out.
The Bells.
What shall the New Year bear to met
The shadow or the sun,
A hope, a beam,
A sunshine gleam,
Love's long, interrupted dream.
Or dark for daylight done?
W hat doea the New Year hide for yout
A silence or a song,
A sigh, a note
From Joy blrd'a throat,
Or stillness lying long?
What may the New Year hold for tut
All light and shsde art there.
Both silence chill
And singing, still
Old love that ever hath Its will
Will give each heart its share I
_?Post Wheeler.
i'our Polling salted water over them,
cook five minutes nml change water,
doing tills twice. Holl until tender. If
large quarters, cover with white sauce
with buttered bread crumbs on top and
bake until the crumbs are brown.
,rho colored hoy who tlntls a bare in
his traps on Christmas day expects
confidently to bo lucky during the com
ing year. The left hind foot of such a
rabbit is accord In value as a charm
only to that of ono killed in a grave
yard In the dark of the moon.
BATTI/F, OP TREVII/lvIAN'S.
One of the Hardest Cnvnlry Con
tests of the Confederate War.
iMr. W. w. Goldsborough In the Phila
delphia Record gives the following account
of too groat cavalry tight at Trevillian's, In
which Qen. Hampton was victorious:]
After the death of Gcu. J. B. B.
Stuart, at Yellow Tavern, (Jen. Wade
Hampton was placed in command of
tho Confederate cavalry in Virginia
and he was a worthy successor to that
most illustrious cavalry leader. In
deed, there are many Confederate
cavalry olllccrs still living who believe
Hampton possessed many qualifica
tions as ?i leader that Stuart lacked, and
lacked few that he possessed. During
his career at the head of this arm of
the service he was eminently success
ful, especially when pitted against
Sheridan, who was regarded in the
North as without a peer in either
army.
After (ten. (haut had established
himself securely on the York and
James rivers, finding tho country un
SUIted for the operations of cavalry, Oil
June 7, 1 Stil, lie dispatched Sheridan
In the direction of Gordonsville with
two divisions of cavalry, along with
artillery, to CO operate witli Hunter,
who was moving on Lynchburg.
Hampton was immediately informed
by his scouts of Sheridan's departure,
und he at once started witli his own
division ami that of Fitz I.ee to in
tercept him. On the evening of the
Kith he found himself several miles
ahead of Sheridan, who had gone into
camp cast of Trevillian Station, on the
old Virginia Central Railroad.
Finding he hud outstripped Sheridan
in ins march to co-operate with
Hunter, Hampton rested und deter
mined to await his further advance.
Hampton's division was composed
of the brigades of Butler, Hosser and
Young, while, Fit/ Lee's division was
made np of the brigades of YVickham
and Lotnax, makiiiL' in all live brigades,
or thirteen regiments and six battalions.
Sheridan had under his command Tor
belt's aud (Jrcgg's divisions, composed
of six brigades or twenty-four regi
ments, wllich it is plaill to see greatly
outnumbered that under I lampion,
Farly on the morning of the lllh
Hampton took the brigades of Voting
und Duller and moved to the attack.
At tin: Bamo tune Tit/. I.ee was ordered
to move in the direction of Clayton's
Store to join in the engagement, while,
to prevent Sheridan from turning off
in the direction of GordoUSVillC before
reaching Trevillian's, itotsor was sent
around to guard that think.
The country being very heavily
wooded the two attacking brigades
were dismounted, under command of
(Jen. Butler, and the horses sent back
to Trevillian's for safely. Sheridan
tinned Gregg off to meel Fit/ I.ee,
kept Custer in the saddle for emer
gencies, and dismounted Merrill and
Devin to oppose Butler.
A terrific battle ensued, which more
nearly resembled an infantry engage
ment than one between cavalry, for
the men on both sides fought on foot.
Merrill and Devin were al length
driven back by Butler, and Fitz i.ee
wus compelled to retire to Louisa
Court House before (iregg.
Custer now saw his opportunity and,
slipping in between Hampton and Fit/.
Lee, but for an accident would have
inflicted upon Hampton a crushing de
feat. As soon as Custer reached the
riderless horses of Butler's command
he set to work to securo them, together
with all the ambulances and wagon
but a wounded (Jeorgia cavalry man suc
ceeded in reaching Roascr and made
him acquainted with the stale of
affairs. HoBser at onco put his troops
in rapid motion and, coming upon
Custer unexpectedly, charged him
with the fury of a whirlwind, routed
him with heavy loss, recaptured all
that had been lost, and pursued him
to bis wagon train, which he captured
along with (Jen. Custer's headquarters
wagon containing his private papers,
ano effectually broke up Ins brigade,
and thus gave Hampton an opportunity
to withdraw Butler from his exposed
position, although this movement was
attended by hard lighting.
Lute in tho afternoon Hampton or
dered an advance on Sheridan's lines
near Trevillian's, but in the meantime
that general had gained possession of
j the railroad cut and could not be dis
lodged. Thai night both commands,
exhausted from n day of continuous
bloody fighting, rested on their arms;
but in the morning Sheridan concen
trated his foice and assumed the offen
sive, attacking Hampton witli great
fury, but notwithstanding ' \ superior
numbers he was unable to drive Hamp
ton from the strong position lie had
taken during the night.
A HARDLY CONTE8TKD PATTIiK.
The contest was renewed several
times during the day without material
results to either side, when, on the
night of the 12th, Sheridan, fearing
further disaster, quietly withdrew and,
crossing the Mottapony, as well as the
1'amunky, he finally reached Grant's
army, after a long and tedious inarch,
having been completely foiled in his
offorts to co-operate with Hunter.
Th? haltle of Trevillian's, which
lasted tho greater part of two days,
was one of the most desperately con
tested cavalry engagements of the. war,
and yet much less seems to be known
of it than of any of the other great
cavalry battles.
(Jen. Sheridan had come from tho
battlefields of tho West with a sph ndid
record and much was expected of him;
but ns yet he had done nothing to sus
tain his great reputation. Iu h.s at
tempt upon Richmond he had been
foiled by Stuart with a great by inferior
forco and here again at Trovillian's he
was driven back upo? Grant by another
infc.ior forco. In each engagement
Sheridan should have destroyed Iiis
antagonist, for his superiority did not
consist merely iu his larger force, but
in tho vnst advantage of tho broech
loading repeating enrbino ovor tho
muzzle-loading gun. His goncrnlship
was at fault and it was tho general
bcliof omong Confederate cavalry ofli
cors, and it is today, that as a cavalry
olllccrs ho was inferior to many of tho
gonorals under his command. I have
heard it asserted that Sheridan was
not by naturo fitted for tho command
of cavalry, ns ho was too dull and slow
for that arm of tho servico and, when
we anoly/.o his many battles, it would
seem that he was successful only when
I in command of infantry.
A PLAN TO CAl'TUItU LINCOLN.
Dining the winter of 1803*4 Col.
Bradley T. Johnson, in commaud.of tlie
Marylaud line, originated a plan that
had for its objeet the capture of Presi
dent Lincoln. At tirat glance the
undertaking seemed a foolhardy one,
hut alter all the details were laid before
("en. Hampton he fully approved of
the undertaking, as did (Jon, Lee.
Indeed so enthusiastic did Hampton
become over it that he asked to bo
allowed to conduct the expedition at
the head of four thousand horse and
might have done so but for Sheridan's
advance.
During that winter the Confederate
authorities were, if possible, more
than usually well supplied with infor
mation Iron, friends Ol the cause in
Washington and they knew perfectly
Well where every picket pod was
located and the number of men com
posing each,
To carry out this apparently des
perato undertaking Col. Johnson was
to take the 1st Maryland cavalry,
many of whose members, coming from
the vicinity of Washington and the
city itself, knew tho country well.
Johnson was to cross the I'otoniac
above Georgetown, make n dash at a
battalion of cavalry known to he
stationed there and then push on to
the Soldiers' Home where it was well
known President Lincoln lived and,
after capturing him, send him across
the river in charge of a small body of
picked men, while the main body, to
invite pursuit and distract the enemy's
attention from this small party, was to
cut the wires leading in every direcli m
and then move hack through Western
Mary'-nd to the Valley of Virginia.
After the battle of Trovllllan, Gen,
Hampton gave Col. Johnson orders to
prepare for the trip. The best horses
m tin: whole cavalry command were
carefully selected and the Strongest
men in the Maryland cavalry picked
OUt, but while shoeing the horses and
recruiting Iiis men in Goochland
County lie was prevented from carry
ing out Iiis much chorishod plan by an
order to join Geu. Early with ids bat
talion, as his services were urgently
needed to cover that genornl's rear
while he went after Hunter, who had
marched upon Lynchburg.
Had it not been for this unexpected
interruption what might have grown
out of this undertaking, had it been
successful, and what hearing would it
have had on the future conduct of the
war? Gen. Johnson has told me since
that he felt confident of succeeding,
and, that from the information in his
possession, the undertaking was not
near so difficult as one would suppose.
During lOarly's operations against
Hunter Col. Johnson was promoted
to the command of a brigade and, at
his earnest request, he was permitted
to attach the 1st Maryland hattalliou
und Gilmore's -Id Maryland to his
brigade. On the 511) day of July he
was ordered by ("en. Early to cross the
Potomac at Sharpsburg and take the
advance in that general's invasion of
Maryland, which had for its main
purpose, the investment of the Federal
Capital.
After he had effected a crossing
Johnson shaped his course toward
Frederick, which he was to threaten
until Early came up with his tired int
fan try, for these had been inarching
without Intermission for many weeks
and their movements were necessarily
slow.
In connection with this movement
into Maryland a scheme for the libera
tion of l?,000 Confederate prisoners
confined at Point Lookout had been
approved by Gen. Lee and ("en. John
son, with his brigade, had been
selected to carry it out if possible.
This matter was dependent, however,
On Farly's being able to maintain a
position to which the released prisoners
could ho conducted.
SIIKLLGO HIS OWN IIOUSK.
While Johnson was muking a
demonstration in front of Frederick by
throwing an occasional shell aimed at
his own house, which had been con
fiscated, Early came up and engaged
Wallace at the Monocacy and after
that battle, which resulted in the utter
rout of iho Federal army, tho cavalry
struck off in the direction of West?
minister, on their way to the line of]
he Northern Central Itailroad nt .
Cockoysville, at which point Gilmore, i
with his battalion, was detached, with ,
instructions to destroy tho Philadel
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Hail-1
road at Bush and Gunpowder rivers.
Gilmore was successful beyond his
I expectations, for he not only succeeded
in destroying the road at these points,
but ho also captured a passenger train
upon which was (Jen. W. B. Franklin,
one of the most distinguished generals
in tho Federal army. But Franklin
was not destined to he a prisoner long,
as ho mysteriously disappeared a few
days afterward. It was ifivon out that
Gen. Franklinmado his escape owing '
to the fact that his guards slumbered
one eight, but the story was never
given the slightest credence by Iho
troopers of tko 1st Maryland. Marry
Gilmore was a generous and giateful
man, and never forgot to return an act
of kindness with interest, and the
mOBt likely reason for ('en. Franklin's
escnpo is that he had befriended Harry
when he was himself a prisoner at
Fort Warren, and in return proved his
gratitude by sotting him free. |
IIALTIMORK IN A PANIC
The Maryland hoys were now upon
their native, heath, and many of I In in
for tho liret time sinco the war broke
out visited their homos in Baltimoro
County, and some ovon entered the
cily. Baltimore was in a dreadful
state of panic at the close proximity of
the daring raiders and the friends of
tho South wcro in a happy frame of
mind, whilst the Union people were
quaking with fear lest tho city should
be captured and some eld scores set
tled for their persistent persecution of
thoso friendly to tho Confederacy.
Gladly would tho hoys have remained
longer in Green Spring Valloy, which,
to them, never looked so beautiful
before; but time was pressing, and
they reluctantly bado farewell to
friends and kindred, nlns, with many
it wns for tho lust time.
I rogrot to have hero ..o record an
act of retaliation that was only mado
possible by tho incendiary acts ot
I Hunter in Virginia, Among the
beautiful mansions that adorned the
suburbs of Baltimore was that of Gov
ernor Bradford, one of the most p.o
nounced enemies of the Confederate
cause. Perhaps had he noi been so
bitterly antagonistic to tho South he
might have been spared, but, as it was,
he was considered a very proper sub
ject to retaliate upon. Hunter had
burned iho residence of Governor
1.etcher, near Lexington, Ya., and
why should not another Governor's
house atone for it? Lieut. Ulaekstoiie,
of the 1st Maryland, was detailed
with a small party to do the work aud
he performed his duty well.
1'assing around the city of Baltimore,
Johnson headed for Washington. On
learning that a considerable body of
infantry was at Laurel a dolour wns
made and this danger avoided. At
Beltsville a large drove of mules was
captured, and it was considered a most
fortunate capture, as mounted on these
mules an addition could be made to
the cavalry force, even if it was mule
cavalry.
Stopping at Beltsville only to feed,
Johnson took up his line of march for
Point Lookout, and had proceeded
some miles on Ins road when he re
ceived a peremptory order to retrace his
slops and join Gcu. Early at a point
near Washington.
The rapid concentration of Federal
troops lor the defence of the Capital,
which fact Goo Johnson learned while
near Baltimore, made this order neces
sary, for that general saw at once that
ho had failed in the object of his ex
pedition and that a retreat across the
Potomac into Virginia was the only
course left him.
QUMEElt CHRISTAS CUSTOMS.
Among the Christmas observances
that mew up by degrees nil over Eu
rope, many of them grotesque and ab
sind, and some with profuse, and un
seemly accompaniments, wore also not
a few of a more pleasing and human
humanizing kind, and among the rural
population the brute creation was in
cluded as interested parlies. Shakes-1
pcare tells how
" Some flay, that ever, 'gainst that season
conies,
Wherein mir Saviour's birth i? celebrated,
The bird of dawning Bingcth all night
long."
Among :he fancies of this kind thai
longest survived in Europe, and even
i came naturalized in our own prosaic
land, was one. that the cattle, at one
o'clock on Christmas morning, when
ever they were free to do so, would
turn their heads to the eastward, and
get down upon their knees to worship
the Ring that was born in a stable;
and still anoth ? which continued to
comparatively recent times, that dur
ing the ChtlStinas season the barn
yard cocks were accustomed to crow
with more than usual force and fre
quency, both by day and night.
The earlier inhabitants of the great
Scandinavian peninsula were accus
tomed to celebrate, at this season, the
great festival of their gods. When
the. people of the peninsula became
Christians, although no less zealous
for their Christiau observances, they
retained some of the old practices, and
are to this day careful to associate
with themselves in its festivities every
living thing about them. Tho author
of "The Land of the Midnight Sun''
tells us, in his account of a Christinas
in Norway:
''The Christmas feeding of the birds
is prevalent in many of the provinces
of Norway and Sweden. Bunches of
oats are placed on the roofs of bouses
00 trees and fences, for them to feed
upon. Two or three days before, cart
loads of sheaves arc brought into the
towns for this purpose, and both rich
and poor buy and place them every
where. Every poor man and every
head of a fnmi'y had saved a penny or
two, or even one farthing, to buy
bunch of oats for tho birds to have
their Christmas. On this day, on
many of the farms, the dear old horse
the young colt, the cattle, the sheep
the goats, and even the pig rcceiv
double their usual amount of food. It
is a beautiful custom, and speaks well
for tho natural goodness of heart of
the Scandinavian."
But our mattcr-of-fnet times and
modes of thinking are rapidly driving
away all of these pleasant illusions,
until nations as well as individuals
have reason sometimes to sigh to bo
children again.
Phosphate Royalty. -The royalty
this year will not be as great as last on
account of the shut down of the three
largest consumers of Carolina rock.
Last year at this time there was on
hand only 13,000 tons of rock while
this year there is at least 70,000 tons |
left. It is nlmost impossible for the
miners to get vessels for shipment, of
the rock, and as a result the royalty
this year will bo about $25,000 coin
pared with 930,000 last year. Had all
the rock mined been consumed the
royalty would have exceeded that!
of last year by several thousand dollars.
The conditions will be greatly un
proved, however, tho first of next
year by the opening up of one mi.I in
Port Royal and two in Savannah. The
royally derived from phosphate goes to
the payment of the. State public debt.
There is plenty of rock on hand for
: foreign markets, but freight rates have
I beim so high shipments have been
greatly reduced.
OUH GIIK.A.TK8T BPKCIALIST.
For 20 years Dr. j. Newton Hathaway
has ho successfully treated chronic diseas
es that he is acknowledged today to stadn
At tho head of bis profession in this lino.
Hit exclusive method of treatment for
Varicocolo and 8tricti.ro, without too aid
of knife or cautery cures In 00 per cont. of
all cases. In tho treatment of tho loss of
Vital Forces. Nervous Disorders, Kidnoy
and Urinary Complaints, Paralysis, blood
Poisoning, Khounrntism, Catarrh, and dip
cases peculiar to women, he is equally
successful. Dr. Hatbaway's practlre is
moro than douhlo that of anv otlior biicc
ialist. Casos pronounced hflrl^ss by other
physicians roadily yield to bin treatment
Writo him today fully about your case,
lie makes no chargo for const ''Atlon or
ad ?ico, either at hia otlioe or by i..iul.
J. Newton Hathaway. M. D., 22>< B lb
broad hi root, Atlanta. (*?
Bean the _J)lhfl Kinri YouJ|avB_AI*a)fs Bought
Signatare
of
Every cotton planter should
write forourvaluable illustrated
pamphlet, "Cotton Culture."
It is sent free.
? Send nama an?l ndtlrcM lu
GERMAN KAI I WOK KS, iti N..s ..? S(.. N. V.
THK PERILS OF THB PARTY.
Grover Cleveland's Explanation of
Democratic Defeat.
?x-Presidout Clovclnnd in a copy
righted nrliclc for the Saturday Kvon
[tig Posl lias given his political views,
in which he reviews the history of the
Democratic parly and discusses its de
lects since 180<1 in detail.
In taking up tin1 question of the
present condition of the Democracy he
says that the success of the parly in
1892 was so decisive and overwhelm
ing that a long continuance of its su
premacy was anticipated. Then canto
" the fallacy of free silver and Popu
lism.lie continues ns follows ;
" The culmination of Democratic
woo was reached when its compact
with these undemocratic forces was
complete, and when our rank and (He
were summoned to do battle undo
bannors which bore strange symbols
anil wore, held aloft in unfamilar hands.
The result of such n betrayal was fore
doomed. Tho abandonment of the prin
ciples of true Democracy, this contemp
tuous disobedience of its traditions,
and this deliberate violation of the law
of its strength and vigor were by a de
cree as inexorable as those of fate fol
lowed b\ the inevitable punishment of
stunning, Btaggoring defeat.
"The disaster of 1872, invited by
similar ndvontUl'e, was quickly follow
ed by a return to the professions and
practices of sane Democracy. Hut the
extent ami persistency of our wander
ings in 18(10 is illustrated in a most as
tounding way by the command, issued
on the day of our rout and discomfit
ure, that a second battle should be
fought on the same liei'I, with the same
false war cries and the s.une leadership
that had brought to us the surrounding
gloom of defeat.
" Thus, in l'.'OU, the lesson of ism'
was contemptuously rejected, and eycry
hope of Democratic success was wil
fully cast aside. Again our long suf
fering rank ami lilc, whose loyalty and
obedience deserved better things, were
sacrlflcd In a cause thoiiS only in name;
and again it was demonstrated, hut
more, clearly than ever before, that the
only forces that can win Democratic
success are adherence to recognized
Democrat te principles and reliance
upon Democratic councils and leader
ship.
" Why should we not return to these
and in their name again achieve vic
tories no less glorious and renowned
than were ours in the days of courage
ous advocacy of our tune-honored
faith ? Arc our principles so shop
worn or antiquated as to require reno
vation, or their displacement by others
more fashionable ? There is not an
honest Democrat in this broad land
that will concede, these things, nor is
there one who would not hail the pro
clamation of the old faith with that
lighting enthusiasm that foretokens
Democratic triumph. As new eondit
Iions arise, our principles must be ap
plied lo them ; hut in the creed that
has guided us through a century ol
party existence we shall lind the key
to every such application; nor shall we
need the lexicon of Populism to oid us
in interpreting this creed.''
Air. CMovchtml touches in turn on
free silver and the Federal courts, and
believes that all true Democrats arc
against condemning '? the general gov
ernment for protecting itself in the ex
ercise of its function against violent
obstruction within a Stale.-' He then
says ?
" I believe no Democrat will havo
tho hardihood to deny thai we have
fought our last two campaigns in al
liance with undemocratic forces, and
that this alliance was immensely costly
in defeat. Is lliore nol good reason
to suppose that even in success such
an alliance would have proved un
profitable and dangerous?
" Sincere Democrats of every condi
tion and in every part of tllC land
realize that the situation of the party
needs repair. Reorganization is not
necessary, hut a return from our wan
dering is absolutely ossontial. Let us
he frank with ourselves and Candidly
acknowledge tho futility of attempting I
to gain Democratic victories except in
the Democratic cause and through De
mocratic methods, Reorganization is
worse than useless, and the aiTOgation
of superior parly virtue will breed only
mischief. This is a lime for sober
thought, tolerant language and frater
nal counsels. We are dealing with the
condition of a party that cannot be tie
stoyed by external foes, and since its
ruin can be wrought only from within,
it should he imperishable. Above all
things, there should he a manly (enun
ciation and avoidance of undue sec
tional control. Democracy will not op
crate Olflclontly in sectional lines.
" There is much for us to do, and
the future is full of Democratic duty
and opportunity. Our lighting forces
will respond listlessly and fiiltermgly if
summoned to a third defeat ill a
strango cause, hut if they hear the
rallying call of true Democracy, they
will gather for buttle with old-timu
Democratic enthusiasm and courage.
** If I should attempt lo epilomi/.c
what I havo written by suggesting n
plan for the rehabilitation and restora
tion of true Democracy, I should em
body it in theso words: 'Give the rank
and lib- a chance.' "
STATE NEWS AND NOTKS.
Gntheted From Our Exchanges
and Other Sources
The Morris cotton mills, ttotoechoe,
are ready to contract tor the buildiug
of a dam of approximately 2,000 cubic
feet of stone.
J. C. Wallace, of Union, is inter
ested iu tiu> organization of the com
pauy that intends building n cotton
factory at Carlisle
The addition to tho Darlington mill
is uearillg completion and many new
houses for operatives had boon built,
forming a village which will bo known
as Helena.
The town council of Lauren* has au
thorized the mayor to draw an ordin
aucc dividing the city into wards and
lias also decided to murk the streets
and number the houses,
it is the iuteotiou of the Grconwood
cotton mills, Greenwood, to build
another mill about the same size of
the one already in operation. H is
10,000 spindles und 'AM looms.
S. 1?. Martin, a Pnlrileld fanner,
living at Kooky Mourn, was shot down
while standing in his doorway b\ some,
oao in the dark. He died the next
day. A negro supposed to have dono
the killing has been arrested.
McDonald Furman writes that h h-i->
been just 100 years hiuco tho death of
Capt. .lames Kincnid, of Fuirlicld
Count}', who built the first run by
water in this Slate, and was the firs I
cotton buyer in the up-country.
Caindon, instead of losing population
as reported, has gained 5*22 in ten
years m the actual incorporation, which
is Rtnallci than before. Cainden and
suburbs have gained J,hi)ip and the
total is claimed to bo about 5,O00.
Aguow Felder, n white youth of IS
years, was shot and killed near I'rcg
null's, s. C., Dec. 20, Ho was with a
group of friends, among whom there
was considerable pistol shooting, bill
by whom young Feldor was sb it h noi
known.
It is reported (1ml Fnglish capital
ists arc buying up mineral laud in
York and Cherokee counties along the
waters of King i reck and Uroad river,
Negotiations are now under way loi
the purchase of the Flint Hill gold
mine property Oll 11 road river.
Though nearly every one in Ihc
Slate believes that ihcre is lo ho an
extension of the time for the payment
of taxes this year, it is not likely that
it will be given. Govornor MeSwcoucj
has stated that he certainly would no!
recommend an extension this yen.
He has the power to extend and this
announcement, of course, means that
tho matter goes lo the Legislature
alter the term has expired.
Mr. John Fletcher Hodges died
suddenly tin Christmas day at his homo
in Hodges. Mr. Hodges bad been in
lading health for over a year, but the
end was not expected so soon, lie
was born Oct. 22nd, IS.';.;, and was in
bis sixty-eighth year. As a member
of the 211(1 s. c. Calvary he did gallant
service foi the Confederacy, and as a
citizen all his life long ho rendered
true and loyal service to the State.
Govornor McSwocncy has received
from Dr. James I ".vans a valuable re
port in regard lo the smallpox situation
in this State. It shows that there ia
much less of tho disease iu the Stale
at present than is generally supposed.
There is more or less of ii in the
counties of F.iirlield, Uniou, Spartan
burg, Barnwell, Beaufort and Orange
burg. For a while during the summer
it was confined almost entirely to
Uniou County, which has not Urn
free from il for a year.
The trallic managers 'of the chief
railroads of South Carolina are en
deavoring lo get the railroad commis
sion to increase I he rales on cotton
seed, making them equal to those
maintained in other slates. These
rates were reduced several years ago
when small oil mills needed nursing
and have not since been increased.
They are much below the rates in
every other Southern Stale. For a
haul of fifty miles (he rate in Smith
Carolina is 05 cents; in Georgia,$1.80;
for Hit) miles the South Carolina rate
is $1.20; that in Georgia, 82, and the
same, proportion exist- at oilier dis
tancos.
During the year just dosing. Iho
Secretary of Stale has granted char
ters to :M cotton milling companion,
whose authorized capital aggregates
$4,850,000. During Ihc sann lime,
permission was given 1 I cotton milling
companies to increase their capital,
the aggregate increase authorized be
ing $2,045.000. Dunn- the same,
poriod, commissions were issued lo 12
cotton milling company corporators,
who have not yet obtained their
charters, whose authorized capita!
will be $1,-105,000.
Ti c ansinTkxas. Mr. F. A.Swiu
don,ol Brown wood, Texas, who luv
?ion acres in pecans, ranging from three
to ten years old, Is inclined lo ctlCOUl
luge the cultivation of the mils. He
sets forth as his rcasoil8 l he following
in the Dalian A/ietos:
"Take a tree, say 12 years old ; il
will bear two '.mshels or 81! pound.-, to
the. tree, at three to six cents per
pound for common wild nuts and leu
to twelve cents for large cultivated
nuts. That would mean lo 000 plant
in:r extra size mils (lor IhCJ reproduce
themselves when planted) ft profit ol
$10 per tree, or $270 per iu re, for
there are 27 trees to the acre at lux Iu
teet and the expense of gathering
would be more than paid from inter
cullure of tho land in Bermuda or
some orchard grass. Calculate, if you
will, the profits to be derived from 400
acres at the r ite ol $250 per Itcro, and
we have ?100,000. This booiih enor
mous, but. it will exceed 0100,000
when the orchard comes into lull bear
ing."
Poach trees in the vicinity of St. Jo
goph, Mich., arc throatnod by a more
dangerous enemy than Mio yellows.
Local growers cull it "shot hole bore."
Little white inscctH with red hoads
invade the orchards and cover the trees
with tiny holes, tho sap leaks out from
these holes and the trees die for luck
Of nourishment.