Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Jb Leaders Named for Volunlccrs.' H>riei Sketches of the New Of ficers. Governor ESIIerbe Boleote? Thcui lor Pit 1168? and military Training. Tho selection of tho Held and stall oUlcers of the volunteer troops by Ciov ornor KUerfoo has given general satis faction in tho State. The following comprises tho .1st of ollicem: Joseph EC. Alston, of Columbia, colo nel. James II. TlUman, of bklgoflold, lieu tonunt colonel. Henry T, Thompson, of Darlington, senior muj ir, Marcus ?. Stokes, of Hampton, ma jor. John II. ISarlo, of Oroonvllloi major. John I). Frost, Jr., of (Joluuii.nu, ad jutant. J. 10. Jarnlgan, of Marlon, quarter? master. A. s. tlydriek, M. I)., of Orangoburg, surgeon, and ,). I'. Young, M. I)., of Chester, and J. M. 1 ,' wsou, M. D., of Union, assistant surgeons. Kev. Geo. VV. Itnssiw. of |.'.,l.o i!..li! obupialn. L. M. liasoldon, of Marion, eorgoant i nmj if. Bolow are appended brief sketches of the new olliuGr*: Joseph KirHland Alt-ton was born November ti, 18?U, in Fan Hold county, s. U.| near Montloollo. lie was the only child of William L?\ Alston and Susannah Cook, daughter of Gen. Philip Cook, C. s. A. tlis nearest kinsman is a ball brother, now living in Ciroonvllio, S. C, William b\ Alston. His fattier died in 1800, his mother in lbTU, leaving film with hid half-brother, WbU became a father to elm and has al ways bun bi? truest friend. Col. Thomas W. Woodward, ol Korkten, WU8 bis guardian and many of his younger i.ays were spent with him. On both sides be is descended of revo lutionary am c.-toi.-, celebrated on the tleiu oi buttle lor gallantry, valor and disoretion. In every col 11 .ot in wblob bis Male and ual ion have been engaged ? ,is lorelathors bore a dltt nguished part, and South Carolina seneib to Cuba ?n there the regiment {401t?us tier chief I Ulcer a man native audio tho manor boi n. Colonel Alston loves the Qug in.Oer whiob he is to light and the ' flag oi the troops be is to had. it it. tiainiug and teueation have been ? military Utmost entirely. The ti^ot t-el.ocd he attended was Porter's 10 Charleston. He went from there to tbc preparatory department of Sowanee University. 'lie next two were at Col. Coward's at K ng's Mountain ami the CaiOlloa Military Institute ut Charlotte. At Ibis last place he was a corporal, and among his elu-stuateb were Senator John 1.. McLuuin and tin Hou. John P. Thomas, Jr. From the Carolina M l tary lu->ututes he wont to the Virginia Military Institute, fed erally kuown m ttiOsedays as the West Point of tho South. Colonel Albion com iui net. il as a private'and rose grad ually dur ug his lour years' course through every grade of cllie , gradu al 11 u )-s m me r captain, the recognized heud and- linder ol the student body. Colon* 1 Alston's Qi'bt oboioe of pro fession was the army, but at ti e tune ol I.is grtiduulion, although promised it. he lath o to get a seconu lieutenancy. 11:? 1. xt oholuo was the law and after a reslui nee ol two years on his planta tion be read law under Henry A. Gull latd, lvi|, oi Wiuubboro, und wasdu'y an milieu to tho bar. lid tlien niov.-d to Columbia anil (or two years further puibucd ins . tudles as law clerk in the ctlitool Ji 'Jge Samuel W Melton, who at that lime hail ono of tho largest practices ever held In this Slate. The firm of Alston .v Patton was then es tablishcu uuu ha.- ever since existed and nourished, commanding today a mo6l lucrative und satisfactory prac tice, the two members ol winch are iiipiuiy winning pobtions in tho first rvnk oi the lawyert of tho State. Lolonel Alston upon his roturti from tch< < 1 i-mlbted in the Ci rdon Lieht lnlantrj as private und aas shortly af terwaiub made sergeant, [mined ately upon his coming to Columbia he was eh.cnd junior second licutonaotof the Illchlunu Volunteers. At that time Childs was captain; Newnham, first Lieutenant, and Henry Tnotnpson, sec ond lieutenant. In 1888 he was elected tiist lii-utc-rant, LMi was regimental adjutant, 1800 captain of the Volun teers, 1807 major end in 18?8 colonel comn.ui.eiiLg mop.- fi< m South Caroli na in the Umte,d Stales volunteer army. In 1888 he was happily married to Miss Li he- McCaw, of Yorkvlile, a grtat-gianadbughtei* of William ami Martha Biuttoo, of Revolutionary fame. She 1 as been the guiding utar ol his Ubtlui life, that priceless pearl, u worthy wile, anu u worthy descendant ol the noble womanhood ol South Car Oiina. V\ boa a oi.-cusbion was hud in her ure.be ncei us to tlio propriety of South Carolina furnishing troops for the Cuban cause, she spoKe: lor lt. und hui.: 1 heartily approve Joe's action, in n if necessary win accompany him to Cuha." Lieutenant Colonel James II. Till man is the cldebt ton of the Hon. George D. Tinman und a nephew of the fctl lor Uli.teil State? Se nator fiom South Carolina. He bad bad admirable militury training. He; was, like; the colorel, educated at the Virginia Mili tury Institute, und has been in the militia since a boy. Ho bus risen from private in the Bdgefiold Hussars through nearly all grades until sane lime ugo ho was eitcteel lieutenant colonel in the First regiment. Ho is 28 yours of u^o und u married man. Henry Tuzewell Thompson is the oldest ton ol ihu Hon. H. S, Thompson comptroller ol the New York Life In surance Company, who was Fust As sibtunt Secrelary of the Treasury dur ing President Cleveland'a former nil misiration. llu is u lawyer by profes sion und received bie ommon school education ut the Co urn la Mule Aca demy, when his falber was in charge, anil his codegiatu education at Union College, Bobenectady, N. Y. r.o h of thc-to institutions had the m.utary features connected with them, and both contributi d to tho formation of the groundwork of Capt. Thompson's military training. His connection with the militia of So?-Mi Carolina extends over a period of eighteen years, during the greater part of which time he had been giving instruction in military tactics, in 187K he joined tho Gover nor's Guurcis, of Columbia, and had rison to tho rank of second sergeant in 1880, when Ik- moved to Darlington and founded the Darlington Male Academy, a military school. His success was marked, and when the Citadel Academy was reopened in 1882 Capt. T ompron was nested as sistant protestor of English in that In stitution and in connection with other ct jiles he gave instructions In militury tactics to tho cadets. In 1881 Capt, 1 Thompson moved to Columbia and was ' appointed privuto secretary of bis father, who was then Governor of tho State. Ho wan elected second lieuten ant of the Hichland Volunteers Uli: Company and remained with that com mand until 1886, when he again moved to Darlington. Hero ho was ap pointed aujutant gonoral of the third brigade. Cupt. Thompson was olected to tho command of the Darlington Uuurds on ;[ January 1U, I -'?'.?I. During his term tho -' Company bus won the Hrat nrlze in tivo drill contests, and has yo{ to sustain itsJii-r.t cofeat. Capt. Thompson has boon promiontly spoken of fur some time past for tho olllce of Adjutant and Inspector Geceral of thelStato, and y m suggested for this position by tho Prohibition convontiou lust month. Majoi Maieua U. Stokes is well i known In military circlos. He has been in the United States army sorvico 1 eleven years, four years of that time ? being spent at West Point, where he ,' graduated in IK!>2. He 1? a ton of Col. I Stokes, of Hampton. About a year at o Lieut Stokes, of tho United Statt s ; army, was detailed to eo-onera'.o with tho State authorities in building up the militia, and has douo hno work. John Ueriot Barle was horn In Sum ter, South Carolina, twenty-live years ago. Ho is tho second son o! the lato j Senator Joseph 11. Harle and was ! named for the uncle who was his father's guardian. Alter a preliminary training I in the schools in Sumler, young Barlo a'tended a preparatory school in Vir? ginta at ?i thru entered the South Oaro-1 Una Military Academy, where he took ! a high stand and graduated in 1893, Immediately afterwards he began the study of law under his father, then practicing in Greenville, and was soon i admitted tO the bar. Upon the elec tion of bis father to the bench, he was admitted into partnership with Capt. .1. A. Mooney, with whom Judge Barte hail previously been associated. He later practiced a'one and upou Judge Hole ti election to the Senate and re tin ment from the bench, the tirm of i Harle <St Harle was formed, being dis solved by the death of the senior mem ber last May. Since that time, Mr. Barle has practiced alone, meeting , with encouraging success. For quite awbllo, Mujor Barlo has baen Lieutenaot Colonel of tho Fifth U tglmont and hu has always taken a deep interest in tho affairs ol the militia. His training at the Citadel was most thorough, and he was cap tain of one of the cadet companies fur some time. His knowledge of the manual and tae'des is very extensive, and the appointment of Governor F - l i b.; is an admirable one from every stand pi int. M j <r K ?rle has. of late, been solicited to rim for the Legisla ture this summ? r, and bad be not been call* d to servo his State in war, he j might have done .-o in peace as a mem- i ber of tin General Assembly. Mr, John D. Frost, jr., of Kiebland, is an inn table military man. Ho grad uated fr< m tb ? South Carolina Military Academy with lirst military honors, being senior captain, and fifth in his class, In IbOL Since then be has seen good service, having been captain of the Kiebland Volunteers. Hjv. George W. Dussoy, of Parks v? 11, la widely known throughout tho State. He Is a littptist minister who is deservedly popular with his denomina tion, and will make an ? llieient and ac ecptable chaplain. lit has bun preaching in the neighborhood whore be was raised for a quarter of a c n tury, and has served continuously where bis parents, brothers, cousins and other relatives constituted a largo part of the church known as Oak Grove. He has always taken an active part in public affairs, and has been chaplain of the military company at Parkttville since its organist it on. Last fall bo went with tho company in its uniform as a private to the State Pair, anil attracted much attention by his soldierly bsarlng and gentlemanly In lluence upon the young men, He served as a boy in the Confederate army, and is an enthusiastic vete ran uf thu Lost Cause. His wife is a native of Green ville County. He will make a model chapiain, and be will look after the spiritual welfare of the soldiers with diligence and perseverance, Hlssupo i rlor traits as an individual will endear i bun to the entire command. com mo no u io DE w i<; v. A Brief Sketch of the Naval Oflloor Who Gained the First Victory in frighting, (be spaoimds. ( ommodore George Dawoy, of the Asiatic squadron, who won a victory in the lirst tight of the American-Spa i-b war, is a tighter uf the old school. He has been In many battles and has always come out with glory and honor. I His lirst detail after j >ir?intr the navy was with the (del frigate Wabash, of the Mediterranean squadron, In 1S.V> '50. and it was this connection which made him the ollioor tu com mand the Asiatic squadron at this criti cal time. Commodore Dewoy was horn in Ver mont ou December 2<>, ls.'!7. He was appointed from Vermont to lb9 Naval Academy in IU54, graduating four years I tter. Irami dlately upon l'radua tloo ho was assigned, to the. Wabash, 1 and eight days alter Fort Monroe was i IIrod upon be was transferred to the Mississippi, under Admiral Farragut, then doing duty In thu Cuif squad ron. D.'.wey was with Farragut when one of tho hottest naval batttles uf the civil war ucourred, and forced an en trance into the mouth of the Missis sippi river, running .bo gauntlet of land batteries in to New Orleans and compelling tho surrender uf that city id April, 1862. Commodore Dewey's se cond smell of powder and smoke was the last light in which the Mississippi engaged, in March, 1 SO.'J when the Ii et tried to run the Confederate batteries at Port HUQOn. Several of the ships reached the narrow part uf the channel, where they met lho land batteries almost muzzle to muzzle, being forced to beat a hasty retreat. Tho day was a fuggy one, and amid the denseness of the fog and smoke of battle the Mississippi lost her boprlngs and grounded on shore. A quick survey of the surroundings showed her ollieu.-s that she had struck tho shore almost in the mouth of the lino of fortifications, which were the strongest anil best along the shore. In an instant tho old sloop was riddled With 250 bullets. Her Ollioers foresaw that she was a complete loss and, setting tire to her, they tuok to small boats and mude shore on the op poslte side of the river. Dewey was next attached to tho steam guoboat Agawan of the North Atlantic blockading ?qindron, and he took nart in the two attacks made on Port Fis? er in December, lsiii, and January, 1805. In March, 1865, he got bis commission as lieutenant cum inander, und as mich served on the fa* mous old Keasargo and on tho Colo rado, thu flagship of tho Buropean rquadron, until 1808, when lie wus sent for aorvico to tho Naval Academy. His first com mi'nd wus in 1X70, when ho had the Narragansott, doing special service, fie became a commander in Aprii, 1K72, and, still on tho Narra gansett, wus engaged in muking sur veys of tho Pacific until 187H, when he was made u lighthouse inspector and later the secretary of tho lighthouse hoard. He commanded the Juntuta In the Asiatic station in 1882-8? and In Septem hi-, 1^81. was made a cap tain and put in charge, of thu Dolphin, thon brand new and orio of the four voHsolls which formed tho original " wliito tquudron." Tho following year ho was sent to command the) 11 ig? ship Ponsaoola of the European squad ron, and ho stayed there until 1888, I when ho become tho ohiof of tho bu reau of equipment und recruit, with tho rank of commodore. This place ho held until 1803, when ho was made a member of tho lighthouse board, lieget his commission as commodore on Keb-uary 28. 18(.)f>, and at about tlio same timo was made president of tho board of inspection and survey. This placo ho held until ho was put in com mand of tho Asiatic station in Janu ary of this year. Tho Washington Post declares ho was ono of thu most popular men in tho olllciul lifo of Washington during his years in that city, und a prominent club man, hut was known everywhere a-* a fighter. Hacamoof lighting stock and was a fighter from boyhood. His father was a country physician and man of ttomo means. People of Wash ington know him an a very determined mun in all his relations, but, withal, polite, ulTablo, and a congenial com pni.ion. in personal appearanco ho is a little under tho medium holght, stocklly bull', wltb broad, heavy-sot shoulders. He ha- snappy black oyis, gray hair and mustacho, and Is always attired in perfect apparel. He loves social lifo, and whilo in Washington i wat much BOUght after by those whoJ entertained ut dinners. Ho was a! member of tho Army a?d Navy club. 1 where bo spent much of his evenings, j always appearing In full dress, and was ono of the governors of tho Metropolitan club. When he wont to his post in com mand of tho Asiatic H|uadron ho was given a farewell dinner, and In the toast of tho evening Col. Archibald Hopkins declared " wo semi him oil a commodore, but I prophesy wo shall Welcome him buck an admiral." The prophesy seems sure of (ulfllmont. THK WUATHUlt AM) CHOPS. Valuable information for All Who Are Interested in farming Opera i Ions. The following is tho weekly bulletin issued by the weather bureau in Columbia us to the condition of the crops In this State : Columbia, S.O., May 3, 1898. The week opened with seasonable warmth but by tho middle of tho weok the temperature fell to almost freezing j over thu central counties. Ice wus, indeed, reported, [rum various points und us fur southwuri us Hampton and Barn well counties, with beavy white frost OO the morning of April 28th over tin-. State generally,ttinoluuTng tho vici nity of Charleston. On tliut morning the temperature was us low, or lower, than the previous records of the weather bureau, extending over a pe riod of eleven years, show lor tho third i deeade of April. Tho cold weather did not lust long, and the week ended with temperatures considerably above the normal. The average of 48 places reporting mean temperature was58 for the week, while the normal for the same period la approximately '>s Tlio temperature ranged between U minimum ol ?M on the 28th at Snntuo urd Little Moun tain, und a maximum of DU on May 1st at H.vtesburg. The cold, heavy rain of April 20-27th wus general over the State, and in places aocompanled by high winuo, i sleet, und hall. In the southeastern portions of the State the rain wus needed, and in the vicinity of Charles ton more would prove bonellcial but generuily this rain fell on un nlrendy saturated soil, cau-ing minor creeks and branches to overflow, and in Ivlgo te-ld County damaging lands washing them. Considering the area by and topographioal diversity of tho State, the rainfall war remarkable for its oven dist ibution : Four places only, out of IT, reported amounts of less | thun one inch ; 12 of them from I to 2 Inches, 10of from 2 to .'t Inches; und 12 with thr>-o inches or more. The fol low inir i xe-ssivo measurements were reported: Mont Clare 4.IK); Oakland 6.25 ; Aloolu 5 50 ; Shiloh ? ?.."> inches. The average for the State was 2 i!7 and tho normal for the same period is ap proximately 0 78. The sunshine averaged 71 per cent, of the possible. The prevailing winds were from NWtoNK generally cold, anl at times high and were an impor tant factor In making the weather un fa vot able on crops. All correspondent-, without excep tion, characterize the past week us having been unfavOi'&blvi on the growth of crops, by reason of too much rain or too low temperatures or both as well as , the had cITects of high w inds in places. Littlj progress was made in planting corn, and germination of recently planted corn is slow. It is coming up to irregular stands, although some sections report lair stands. Much re planting is necessary, and worms are damaging corn badly in places. Tho cool weather caused it to look yollow und checked its growth. Firly corn is receiving its second cultivation. Some bottom lands have been planted but tho recent ruins muiiu them too wet and stopped planlitg operations on them. The recent frost did not kill any cor n. Wet and cold weather have had a bud elTeot on cot'on which everywhere hus stopped growing. Some cotton was Killed by the frost, ulthough such damage was confined to limited areas, but tho frost effectually checked its growth everywhere ami gave it a set back. Si ed recently planted are slow in coming up and much replanting Is necessary. Some holds where the cot ton failed to come up, or was killed by fl'OSt, are being planted to corn. Little progress was made in planting anil over the western and northwestern counties much land already prepared, remains to be planted to cotton. ItiUO seeding is practically completed for early plaining, but the cool weather Injured the stund und vitality of the young plants which made no growth dm ing the week. Transplanting of tobacco Is nearly finished In the moresouthorly districts and is weli under way in Marion and Marlboro counties. The ground is in ^ood condition in regard to moisture, but too cool for the young plants. Injury from cut worms is ulso re I ported. Sweet potuto draws growing bettor lutely and slips being transplanted. Melons were killed by the frost of trie 28th in places und badly setback everywhere. Tho reports Indicate u very poor stand of melons and point to a lute crop. The fruit outlook is on the whole very promising, u few localities only roport total destruot on by the frost in eurly April, while u few scattered re ports indicate that peaches and plums nr.: dropping badly. The frost of tho week did no injury to fruit. First crop of ligs ev'donlly des toy od. Heavy Shipments of Strawborrles from Flor ence, Marion, Darlington und Marlboro counties were made this week. O its continuo to look promising, ex cept in JelYorles Creek section where they uro u failure. Wheat is bending and growing nicely, although some- , what yellowed by the cool weather. Pastures have improved rapidly. Gardens are later than usual, but uro I yielding curly vegetables enough n> supply local demands over the whole State. Farm work is well up to the re quirements of tin; various crops. T1IK PHILIPPINE] IMliAN l)S. Discovered hy a Spaniard and Under Spanish Kale for Neurly Five Hundred Years. Tho Philippine Islands wero ? dis covered hy the groat Spanish voyager, Peroao do Magalhaes, better known to us as Magellan, In 1521. When his I ship, tho Victoria, was on her way i home after his discovery of l'atagonlu I and tho straits of Magelluu, us they are now culled, as well as the greut I group of islands in the Paolfio, Magel lan wus killed in a battle with the na tives ol Z jbu. The islands wore named for Philip II, who was then in the height of his glory- Manila, which was founded In 1581, bus been e/er since the seat of the Spanish govern ment in the Philippines. Spain bus clung to theso islands with as tenacious a pride us that with which sho has held Cuba. Shocumo very near losing them, however, in tho early part of this century through toe. weakness or stupidity of Q teen Maria Christina, for whom one if thocruisors destro>ed by our Asiatic squadron was named. But for the boldness of tho Spanish minister to Franco tho bargain by which Spain would have, parted with vory valuable possessions for a comparative tri lie would havo boon consummated. When Quoon Christina, widow of Ferdinand VII, camo to tho throne, she found tho Spanish trousury depleted. In her anxiety to raise money sho proposed to sell tho Philip pines, Cuba and Porto Ulco to Franco. Louis Philippe, theo King of Franco, jumped at tbootYor. Queen Chrlstiua much to his disgust, Imposed upon Senor Compuzano, an able and pa* J. W. BAUER, Director. trlotic statesman, tho execution of her scheme. Bo carried toL*>uis Philippe | a sealed proposition from his queen, ' It provided for tho transfer to France Of the Island of Cuba, for 30,000,000 reals (about 13,000,000) and the Philip pines and Porto Rico for 10,000,000 reals (about *1,000,000), or some *l. 000,00 In all. When tho proposal was read Cam DUZano struck the table on wbieb It lay a heavy blow and uttered an oath which startled tho French King. Louis Philippe was quite willing to pay the price asked lor Cuba, but ob jected to the figure for tho Philip pines. I ?* It must be seven million reals, or olso the oontraot must l.o thrown into tho lire," he exolalmed. This bin IT was just what Campuzano wanted and be was quick to call it. Talleyrand, who was present, saw that his king bad made a blunder anil was endeavor ing to smooth it over when the indig nant Spaniard seized the paper and crumpling it in his hand-, exclaimed ! "Your majesty is right! The conti act is worthless : only lit to be thrown into tho lire." He then Hung the paper Into the lire, ami it was consumed be I lore the eyes of the astonished king mul hin ualulater. Louis Philippe never hud another such chance and Quo n Christina did not punish her bold minister for thwarting her scheme. THE IIIQHT <)K SEARCH. A Concise llevlew oi tho Eft'ool l*ro I duoed by (he War Upon British Coimnoru ?? The British Law Journal publishes tho following : In the event of U war between the United States and Spain the i iTect upon Knglish commerce is n matter which has excited some attention. " Ono result of tho outbreak of war would be that either belligerent wouid have the right to search any merchant Vessel upon tho high sea to ascertain its nationality and the nature of the cargo on hoard. It sistanco to tho rigut of search, according to the ruio which has been emphatically alllruied in the British Priz-a Courts, renders the ship liable to condemnation. '?The United States and Spain are not parties to tho Delaration of Paris. Consequently they are not bound by | the rule that the neutral ll<?g covers the cargo. Therefore a British ship carrying a cargo belonging to either belligerent could be taken by a ship of the other belligerent to a convenient port for tlu purpose of having the cargo condemned. Under such cir | cumstanoes the usage Is for the captor to pay freight to the captured ship. ??Goods which,ire contraband of war, destined for the use of the enemy, arc liable to conlUoatlon, and freight is not allowed iu respect of them to the carrier. The carriage of contraband goods does not, however, according to the pri/.) luw of most countiics, render the ship liable to any other penalty In tho absence of laud or other aggravating circumstances. There are dicta in one or two English cases that when the shipowner is privy to the carriage of contraband goods his ship is liable to condemnation ; but there Is 00 Knglish or American case in which such a principle ha: been clearly established. " A ship which violates an elTjctive : blockade is, together with the cargo iriti nded for the blockaded port, liable to capture. " It is, however, clearly established that by Knglish law trade In contra* band goods or to a blockadt d port is not 'awful for a British gubjaut wlion this country is neutral. Tnoreforo a ohartor made by a British shipowner for the purpose of running a b oukade \ could not be re pudiated Oy him. Oil ] the other hand, performance of a con tract to carry goods to a port, which, before the loading, becomes block aded, is excusod when the charter con tains an exception of restraints of Princes. And even without Ibis ex ception the shipowner would, it is thought, not to be bound to carry out bis contract, on the ground ttiat the adventure hits been frustrated by cir cup.stances not contemplated when tho contract was made. " Tue question Is a more difliuult one j if in the course of the VOyagO the port of destination should become block aded. If the cargo owner requires de-livery at a port Where the ship has put in, 'The Teutonia,' 11 Law J. Hop. Ad. I, is an authority fur saying that he must pay freight. If the ship owner cads on him to take delivery elsewhere, than at the port of destina tion It has been held that be. does not by accepting the cargo become liable to pay nny freight f'Oastol v. Trech man,'1 C. and K., 270) If the cargo owner absolutely refuses to take de livery elsewhere, it Booms probable, On the scanty authorities denting with the point, that the shipowner must k> ep the cargo until it is possible to deliver it, unless the churtor contains the usual clause for delivery 'as noai thereto as she can safely get," and ii is possible to discharge ibo cargo at some place near to the blockaded port. '? Contracts of insurance mude in this country would not, from the legal point of view, hu much alTeot d by a war between two foreign Stat '8. I n SUru noes on the property of belligerents would be valid, unless, as was tho com mon practice in maritime wars, a warrantly of neutrality were inserted in the policy; but, unless the character of tho property were disclosed, the policy might be avoided on the ground of concealment. It follows from the fact that trade in contraband goods or to a blockaded port would, by t&hgltjh law, ho lawful, that an Insurance on such goods on such a voyage would be good. But tho nature of tho cargo or of the voyage would aggravate the risk, and would therefore have to be disclosed." Kvery man watches his balance- in the batik, and his balance in his cash account, pretty closely. There is an other ledger account that the average man entirely forgets to his own undoing. It is his account with dentil. It is more important than a " profit and loss " Account, for its a "life and death " account. It is a man's duty to himself and family to look tip this account oner every day and see that the balance is on the right side. It doesn't pay to let this account run on, and have it debited with indigestion, and then Impure blood, and finally nervous ex haustion, or prostration, or deadly con sumption. When these diseases come it means a debit balance with death hiought down in the blood red ink of another life sacrificed on the altar of fooliftll overwork and neglect of health. Dr. Pierce'." Oolden Medical Discovery makes the appetite Veen, the digestion perfect, the liver active a-'id the blood pure. It is the great blood-maker, flesh-builder and health-forger. It makes firm, healthy flesh, but does not produce corpulence or raise the weight above na ture's normal. It cures 98 per cent, of nil cases of consumption, bronchial, throat and catarrhai affections. Honest dealers don't urge substitutes. "My wife had suffered for seven years with dyspepsia, sick headache 11 .<! COStlvencss," writes Mr, Aloiuo I). Jameson, of Duuborton, Merii mack Co., N. It. " Wc tiled many doctors and many kinds of medicine, but all were of no avail. Wc purchased six IxUtlesof Or. I'iercc's ('.olden Medical Discovery, which together with the 'Pleasant Pellets,' 11ns entirely restored my wife's health. We cannot sny enough to you in thank* for these valuable medicines." It may save n life some day. Send 21 one cent stamps, to cover cost of mailing only, to the World's Dispensary Medical Associa tion, lltiflalo, N. Y., for a paper-covered cony of Dr. I'iercc's Common Sense Medi cal Adviser; cloth binding 10 cents extra. Contains 1008 pages, over 300 illustrations? a valuable medical library in one volume THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL FEU. TILfZEKS. Practical Farmer. In a recent rovlow in the Cream of the Bulletins, we mentioned tho sug gestions made therein in regard lo the By8tOinntic use of artificial l'erti?/. irs, which our space ul the tune prevented further notice of. Tho use of nrtillcial fertilizers Is hocntniug so coiutnou thai it is important to direct attention to the wastefulness Hint is common in tholr use and lo Ihe pioper methods that Bhould he employed in getting the j roper value of these aids in th- im provcineni of our soils and crops. The j bulled 11 of the Department wi ll says I that "having decided that the manorial resources of the farm med supple menting, and thai the use oi commer cial fertilizers is advisable, (he con stant effort should he to determine the system of application which gives the greatest returns for the outlay in curred." The farmer who is growing I the ordinary grain crops cauuol Und profit in the lavish use of complete fertilizers Ihr.l Ihn market gnrdoner (an with hia higher priced products. The great fault wo have lo I'm J with tin- work reviewed in tho I cpartmettt liullcliti is Hint tho direc tions for the use of fertilizers assume that every crop planted should he either manured or fertilized with tho commercial article. Now we contend that if n proper short rotation of crops is practiced there is no necessity for anything of (he sort. Of course the application of fertilizers to every ciop planted or sown will usually increase the crop, hut whelhci this will be a profitable it hi ease is en tirely another matter. It ha- beeil shown In Hie cxporicin ? of many far mers of l..te years thai where a short rotation of Ihrcc years for instance, with corn, wheat and a legUinu, either peas or clover, as the crops, or in the Smith with cotton, corn, on I a and peas, and all the forage led to stock and the manure saved and app'icd to the corn crop, thai '.here is plant food enough left in the soil from the mnnuiing of the corn crop lo curry lb rough an abun dant grain crop ami to lor.VC il denia ble only to supplement the manure with the mineral forms of plant lo id OU I he clover or peas, depending on tbcSC to restore mtrogCII to the soil aided by the triennial application of the farm manure. In Ibis way there will never be any need for the purchase of nitrogen in any form, as the. farm manure and the legumes will furnidi all that a grain or cotton farm will need. We should bear in mind that il is not always the heaviest crop lhat brings themosl clear money, but the crop lhat has been grown will) the least expense. Furniers arc too apt to buy a fertilizer Hint is advertised lor a cer tain ciop or class of crops without ex amining as to w hether the composition of the article is s-m li as would make il of special value to the crops named. They are easily deceiv. d by wordy statements culled analyses. A corres pondent in our (inrden Department recently asked uboul it fertilizer recom mended as a vegetable fertilizer and sold al ?b*2 per ton. the published an alysis of winch In' gave as follows: Ammonia, 2 I percent.; bone phos phate, 21 percent.: phosphoric acid, s percent.; sulphate ol potash. 2 per cent. Ni w in one who know - in Hung about the meaning of these terms the auahsis convc,s no information of value. Ammonia isaloim of nitrogcti| and 2 1 2 per colli, of ammonia shows a very small perceiilngi of uiirogcii for a vcgclablc fertilizer. Then "bone phosphate" is probably intended n> make the put chaser t uppoac that there is bone in the mixture, when in al! probability (he slull called bone phos phate is simply pulverized pbospbalc rock, in which the phosphoric acid. the only (hing <>l value in il, is in an insoluble state. Thon (licro is I tirilier given S per con I. of phosphoric ueid. Why more phosphoric nciil il 1 lie hone phosphate is in a soluble eoiulilion ? Then 2 per cent, of sulphate <>f potash. This would menu about I percent, of iiclu.il pol ash, or nboul one tenth of the pcrcentigo a good vegetable ft rlil i/.er snould contain. The price is per ton. Al the Bta'ion valuations foi tin- plant food in it the article is probably worth nboul ?15 per Ion, as the stations give no value to insoluble phosphoric acid, in w hich we lhink tin y are wrong, as the acid in boats di s become of value alter a lime In the soil, lim p U evident that analyses like the one cited irivo the tai nier no correct knowledge of w h at be is buy ing, and induce men to pay two prices lor what tliev get. And yel liier?! are those who abuse the l\ K. lor advising farmers to buy the chemicals, and mix their own fertilizers. Bill il is also true that there arc linns engaged in the manufacture of commercial fer tilizers who make ami sell articles that have a real value,and who put truthful an Ivses on their bags, never iisim* deceptive terms to conceal the r> al nature of the article. What we r.jo.SI need is the education of the fai'lUI is to a knowledge of what the essentials are in a coin;,hte fertilizer,in a knowledge of the fact that lor the ordinary I i.m crops il is seldom neccsssnry to buy a complete fertilizer nt all, if the proper rotation is obsi rved and the legumes are gro fftl frequent I v. ( OliN SM I T. On account Of some of the possible consequences of feeding corn smut, il lias seemed dcsirahli , says a recent farmers' bulletin, to give a brief re sume of what is known ol I lie life his tory ot the fungus causing Ibis disease. The well-know n cancerous outgrowths, With their thill, almost veil like, cover ing over the black dust-like masses, need no description for (heir recogni tion. lOvcijono at all acquainted with ???i n dilti has some knowledge of lllis trouble. No part of the plant ?scapes, although the common |mures sinn is ihat the ears and lasset? are tho poiiions most attacked. Investigations made m Ohio ami Kansas show that the leaves an.' stalks arc most nlTcctcd. TIlO (lai.lllgO done to IllO co n crop varies with the season -ml is some times quite considerable. Tho esti mated loss in Ohio in the crop of 1803 was 9126,000. Thfl loss is not alone confined to those ears which nro re jected on account of their showii g the s'litii masses, hut it lias heen found in Kansas that plants showing attack? of I smut without any indication of nffeo { lion on the car givo a smaller yield than plants net P..lacked. For some time it was thought Unit the fungus of corn smut gained on Iritr.CO into the plant in the SO'00 way as those of oilier cereals, where the ontrntICO must he made within a short lime alter the Sprouting of the seed, and having entered (he plant the fun- i gus lives in the tissues, growing Bfc they grow, nod finally emerging some- ! where as a smut mass. Experiments conducted in Indiana, Germany, and elsewhere show that the corn smut is quite unlike the sintils of oats, wheat, l.arley, etc., in that it can secure .en trance inlo tho corn plnnt at any time whilo tho tissues are actively gi owing, Kc>al uiukc? th?- pure, wbolcsouic and delicious. POWDER Absolutely Pure rifnAi BAKINQ POWOI h CO., Nl t4 YORK. ) nid when oulrunci bus been secured ii -eis up a local Infccliou, the sinul masses always reappearing within 11 comparative >h?>n distance of the point ni uutrauco. Tlu' spores ol' tin' -unit wllicb in ma** make up tin' black powder, do in t, as a ruh', directly Infect tin- coin. According t<> one iuvestigutor the} sprout very poorly in water, but grow readily in nutr.unt solutions, such as liquid manure, moist dum,' heaps, damp, well-manured soil, itc. After gormiuntiiip., tlio spore scuds up a short, greatly branched stem, bun ring at the ends of the hianehes chains of minute henddikc l)< dies, to which the name coilidin has been given. It is through the ngency of these that met If le.t all 'the infection takes place. When some of these couidia arc blown upon a coin plant and nlighl upon a portion thai is actively growing; they soon germinate, especially il the ic qusitc moisture from dew or other sources is pr so d, Ulld penetrate the cell walls of the plant. UllCC inside, growth is extremely rapid, and in about tlllee Weeks smut boh- |imy lie seen appearing. SpOlOS from these new masses Unding a suitable location, usually the ground, germinate, form their couidiu, and are ready to in led some other portion of the plain, so | that during the growing season there may he, and undoubtedly are several distinct infections of the same plant. The presence of manure in the soil is an important factor in the spread ol corn smut. Weil-manured soil un doubtedly greatly favor- the rapid ger mination id' (lie spores and product! >u of couidia. Fresh dung from animals that have eaten smut in all probability is a very effective means for currying the spore-, to the COmlicId, sIllCC tile digestive processes do Hot destroy all oi the spores lor is the length of time required lor their destruction in rotting manure deliliitcly known. The spores ordinal ilv retain th ir vitality for a considerable time, ami on Ibis account I he source of the manure for (he coru lleld should he well looked aller. 1-Vr most of I he smul of the other cereals there arc methods of treating the seid prior to sowing lhat, lo a great degree, ptevent the suosequent altack of the fungus, hut from what has bei ii -aid above obviously there i no such means lor preventing corn smui. KxpcrinicniH have shown thai I he frequent spraying ol (be plants and ground with any ol Ibo belter know n fungicides w ill pr< voul a serious spread oi the disease, but in practice this will hardly he warranted on account of the expense of such treatment. I'ossiblv a mote economical and as elllcicnl means to he recouiiiiouded i?thc col led on and burning of all smut masses before they ripen and seid.ter their spores. Much could lie accomplished in tins way by keeping a sharp lookout for Ihe smul iniil> at i vci v cultivation ami at llic harvesting of the crop. It attention be paid (<> the manure and the smut he collected and destroyed as recommended !>ut little lit-? will he occasioned by coi n smul. QKKAT THINGS POP SMALL T< >\V NS. South Carolina has strangely ne glected the valuable opportunity pre sented for its young industrial ener gies in th- manuiacture of the simpler forms ol ki.il goods, hut some ol the other Southern Slates, happily lor them, have shown more onto prise. l p to live years ago, says the ll'<"?/ ?(,(</ Cotton Itrportcr, Ihe United Stales annually imported knil goods valued at over ten million dollars. The South, it appears, has captured, and holds wi ll case, a good part ol this trade. The imports last year were less than live million dollars. Probably four llfths of these imports, the Ifcportcr estimates, were of hosiery and under wear, the rest consisting ol gloves and "a variety of small knitted fabrics." The interesting facts lor iis arc pre sented in the further statements of the Hosten paper, which is an cminenl au thority on all textile matters, thai "despite the gieal competition" of for clgll milN, ami of Northern mills as well, during the list three years, '?thcie has bet u a steady growth of the knil goods industry in the South." Tin industry in the South is not much more than ihrce years old, il is hardly well on its feel ; for il lo make steady pi ogress in these conditions in the face of lite competition of established and experienced rivals in (hiscountry ami tihiond, ami that in a period of general ami profound business depression, cer tainly argues a sturdy constitution 01 the possession of important advantages on its pail. The Itcportcr explains their succcis very satisfactorily, and in a way to en tourage further enterprise of tin- same 'buraclcr in the same favored region. I'llC Southern llllhs, il says, make OS f0\ the "cheaper grades of seoiulo>8 ind cut cotton hosiery," which is both inttiral mid prudent conduct I'nr luM-m. I hers, "ami possess the sane udvan lau?* hi I he way of cheap labor, long Working hour;*, clc.'' thai have provi I so valuable lo Iho col Ion clotli mills and have attracted Nor I hern mnnuiac I tu:era (o Ibis section. The compel i? lion upeii these low-gradecotton goods among domestic mills, a is added, has boi'omc "excessive"?for some of the Northern nulls, at any rale and there is -so little profit in tho business for Northern manufacturers that they arc changing ihoir allonlion lo higher priced goods requiring more skill to manufacture." They are enabled n> do this, it is oxplained, "because of lessened foi eign competition," the Iai ill shutting out the liner foreign goods "The domestic manufacturer," ii is noted finally, now "controls" the Imme market upon eolton hesieiv, selling at wholesale under $1.20 a dozen, and wo lion hosier}' selling under $2.28 a dozen. The statement as lo Iho diversion of Northern knitting nulls from the mak ing oi' common goods 10 the making of goods] "requiring more skill to manu facture," has a familiar sound, ami it men/is simply that tho story of the progress of the Southern weaving mills is bolng told again in the case of the knitting mills of (ho same BOctlcU. They have invaded the Hold Of manu facture ami aie holding it as far as they have advanced. It is only a question now of how far the advantage* to which they owe their easy victory so far. will enable them to go. There are indication happily that the ground they have gained is to be fully occupied and higher ground taken. New mills are going up all the time in some of the SOU I lie fU States. Ill North Carolin?, alone, as olllcially re* j ported by the commissioner of labor j Statistics of thai State, ten hosiery and knitting mills nre now being cor* I structed, iu addition to the nine cloth 1 mills which arc Hearing completion. Sevial of the new mills in different parts of the South, as reported, lire vc. lining on the manufacture of goods ??requiring skill to manufacture." An other is Ulldcr way at Hampton. (ja., which will have the capacity to make duo lui ml ml "gnrim nts" daily. Mos! I j of tho work it; knitting mills is doneI by knitting mncluucs, ami tin- material for lino work uro as accc&dblo lo South orn manufacturers a> t<> any other*. Tho exceptional advantages of this section for such manufactures will do the rest. There is i-iili a wide and Unis; Icinplinit Held for Southern capi tal and enterprise in (his special indus try. Si hi t Ii Carolina capital and oulor priso sho'ibl not neglect it. Bveiy town and Village in tlit- State should have a knitting mill, or as many a* it can build and operate, working on some class of goods, It is anybody's illdtlstiy as yet. and will '_'o to the com munities that tire fiir-sighlcd ini.l free* handed oil "Ugh, and energetic ChOtlgll to captute it. The business men o' North Carolina have increased the number of cloth mills in thai Stute from In IS7U n> 207 in 181)8, and now arc alter thu knitting nulls. I'hcy know what they aic about. A7tT.s Mild Courier, ? '"If war brouks out," said the little woman with the bright gray eyes, "we must all do something to help. We eai.'t light, of course, but each of us can aid in som i way. We must economize in our pocket money and buy nice flings for tho wounded We must re due ? our extravagances. Wo can buy cheaper goods, you know, and put less naterlal Into our gowns." "Yes," said the dreamy girl with til iq eyes. "I know what I can do. I can have my bicyclo skirt cut, she/tor!" Aud all the girls said '<) i!" ?Congress has passed the hill provid ing fo." $ll,000,0i)0 with which to carry on the war. which is now costing the country $500 000 a day. This amount, it is said, will be n quired for the army from now until the close of the 11 seal year 1808. (I. W. IIA 1.1.. I.. W.SIM KINS. W. W. It \ I.I. BALL, SIM KINK ?V BALL, Atloi'iioys nt Law, Lauukn's, Sot in Carolina. Will pr aid Ice in all Slate and United Stales Court. Special attention given collections ii. Y. simpson. <? l>. uakksdam' SIMPSON ?V liAKKSDA LI:, AI loi'iicys nt Law, LAUHKNS,? sol'Tll CAKOLINA Special attention given to the invest I gat ion of titles and collection of claim* W. II. >I \ It VIS , Attorncy nt Law, Laukknh, - Sot in Carolina. Will practice in all Courts of this Stan Attention given to collections. HARLE8T0N 4 WK?TKKN CARC - lina Railway Co. " Augusta and Aehe vdlc Short Line." b'chcuulc in otTcct Oct Jnl, 1X07. c l.v Augusta. 940 am 1 10 pm \r Greenwood.12 IV pm . Lv Anderson. ti 10 am Ar l.aurciiB. 1 16 pm 7 i 0 tun Greenville. 2 on um 11130 am (Jloun Herings.4 05 pm ........ ?partanburg.8 00 pm y Hfl air Saluda .5 :t pm. Ilendersonvllle. .. 603pm . Ashovillo. 7 00 pm . hv Ashov?le. 8 20 am . Spartan b?rg.Ii 4.*J am 4 30 pm Urtscuvllle? 11 55 am 00 pm Lauretta.j 110 pm 7 w pm A nderson . 7 ?'ii am llreenwood 2 28 pm 0 3.1pm iVrAugueta .100t.ni 110 am \r Aike 1. 0 50 pm l.v Ureonv iT?. 11 rH Ar Clinton. 2 10 pm NowOorry . . 2 57 pm I roaperliy . 8 18 pro Columbia. 4 ;to pm Bumtcr. 8 42 mn .'.'??es...._ 7 48 pm .v ( harlestot?.... ... 7 (Ki am haiiea . am Bumter. ?i.%air Columbia . . n 00 am Prosperity. 11 ,r>8 am New iierry. 12 10 pm Clinton. 12 60 pm A r Greenville_ h nn pm Cloee ooiiuoououa at urotuwoou lor all .ointson S. A. L. and ?. A U Railway, and u Spartan bur^ with douthern Kailwa" Kor Information relative tu ticke's, rvci ohedulee, e;c. address W.J. CHAltJ, (Jon. l ass. Ag?m. Augusta, (Ja. T. M. KMICItSON, TralNc Manage i K ti.iilin Agent; < II. Speigilt?,Qeil Agent, (.reenvillc. S. t\ SOUTHE^RN RAILWAY. Continued Schedule In Kffecl May 1, nos. STATIONS. Lv. Chorlewion.. i.v. Columbia. " Prosperity. " Ncwberry., " Nino!) six. Ar. (,ieenwood. " H?riges . . . Ar. Abbeville . ?r. l'eilon. Ar ?mtorSQH. Ar. Brconville.,.. Ar. Atlanta.. STATU iNS. a 10 p m Lr Mrei-nvl?o. ? Piedmont.I 10 40 _8 8Jj _? * 26 p in Daily No. 12. io 16 a m _ \Villin: I.v. Anderson ? F.V. Holt.vi' Ar. liiniiinM-? l.v. ?nbevhla T,v. fi?lTg?? " " Greenwood " Ninoty-Six. '* Ncwberry . " Prosperity, Ar. <iolumbla A r. i iharlcstou bailv I ?ailj So. 91 Nodal_ ti Itup 7 loa I ? ~b a?s ii ? i? " , t> o;;i 1215p STATIONS. .'.Clmrk -!ou. Ar . Columbia.. _A Im on_ 1001a1 125p ".Siiiouc... lo 2Ua 2o2p '*. Union? lo ;.v?i 2 .'op " _J"u< ivillo . 10 f>4aj 287p ".Paeolol 1126a ;iloj> Ar Kpaitanburg 11 toa] y2op l.v.. Bpar.anhurg. 10 55 a in 10 l? a in 11 15 n Iii 11 a? a m 11 20 a m 11 55 a in 12 ;ii p in 12 64 p in 2 04 p in 2 18 p ro :i 05 p nj 8 00 p m tlailyjDally' No.u1No.1J SU0p|ll ?ua v Sop b . < 7 4'^n 7 ;?ip o r> p 6 42p ? 16p ?imp a 25p 2 10p 1 26p 1 Uip ?' i 12 28p " 12 14p l.v 11 4'on. Ar 11 20? 3 46pl 700p Ar _ Ashovillo.' l.v h 2Qn' 9 or.ji "P." p. in. "A," s. m. Trains 9 nml 10 carry elegant Pnllinaa sleepingoara between Columbia and A?lieviiie, en reite ?iuily bet ween Jacksonvilla and Cincin nati. Trains lenvo SpnrtiinVnrg. A. *? ('. division, northbound, ? a.m., i<; p.m., 0:10 p. m., (Vestibule Limited); sotulilinuiicl 12:20 a. in., 8:16 p. tu.. 11 .1 a. in., i Vestib?l? Limiled.) Trains Ionvc Ureenvllle. A. aud C. cilvinlou, northbound, Si:45 a. m.,'-' p. nt. nml 5:22 p, in-, (Yestlbuled l Imlted); southbound, 1:25 a. m., 4 :?o p. m., 12 .. i p. in, i Vcsllbuled J.in.iieU). l'iillmun Ker*'lco, Pullman palace sleeping ears on TrnlnstJ?and 86. HT und Iis, on A. and 11, division. FRANK s. 0 A N XON, .1. M.OULP, ThirdV-P.&Uen, Mgr., T. M., Washington. TV. A. TURK. S. U MAHllV/ICK, v 6U. Pass. At;'t. As't Geil. l'f?K. Ag't. _\S MUipj|l<iU; D. O. A tlauta. 0a. W. H.Gibbes & Co., Dealers in all kinds of cs a ?COLUMBIA, S. C. '3? STATE AGEN'I S FOR Iviclclell & Co., CHARLOTTE, N, C We arc headquarters for the host TTarfmliar threshing machine on the market, llic J. dll[Uilcll . Now is the time to?buv Gci our prices. They will interest you. Studebaker Wagons, [ Lenders in Dearing Harvesting Machines.! Their Lines. " MALSBY & COMPANY, 7 S. FORSYTH ST. ATLANTA. QA. -Oknkral Ack.VTS Kok Erie City Iron Works, The Geiser Matiuf; turing Company The New Birdsall Company, Mungei unproved >vsicm forGinningCotton, R. Hoe & Company, Henry Disston & Sons. James Oblen & Sons. Gardner Governor Company, Penberthy^Injector ^Company. Carrying com plot* Hue of Rnglncs, Boilers, Saw-M Ills, Separators Grist Mill*, Saws ' n in p h, Injeetorr OratolBars, and Steair und 1 'i|ie b'lttlngs. Prompt attintioi given orders and In Who is Will Whitener ? "?J"?ji(ii jS. I f feil we f'E'VTHCfltD?'6 is our Fashionable Hair Cutter and Shaver. -IN BENDELLA HOTEL