Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Tlie Crisis in Cuban Affairs Has Com}' WAR SEliMb INEVITABLE. ! Senator Thurston, of Nobraska, Tells' the Story of Suffering -"3paiu Has Butchorod More Pooplo Thau All Nations Oomhiued-" The most exciting opisodo In regard to tho Cuban war yet" witnossed in .the United State? wan tbo speech on Thursday of Senator John M. Thurs ton, of Nebraska, whoso recent visit to tho bland of Cuba was attcudcu by tbo death of los wife, who was suddenly attacked w!Jlo they wore inspecting tbc Hold of suifering. Her death was attri buted to the oxeitoment aud sympathy caused by tho sight of so much scpualld misery. Senator Thurston advocated war without delay, if necessary to end tho cruelties of Spain, and criticised the i'resident for non-action. 'ihe conclusion of his speoo 1 was very dra matic, aud as the final word fell from his Hps, his voice choked, his head was bowed and the tears fell from his ovo*. There was not a dry oyo in the Senate chamber, and women wept audibly In tho gallery. No etTort was made to reatoro ordor or atop tho demonstra tions, and tho crowd dispersed bllently as from a funeral. The tide of po| alar interest had reached Its zenith it tho capital, and the auppressod excitemont of past weeks found an outlet. "Mr. President," said Mr. Thurston: " I am here by command of silent lips to apeak once and for all upon the Cuban agitation. 1 trust that no one baa expected anything sensational from me. Cod forbid that the bitterness of a personal loss should induce me to OOlOr in the slightest degree the state ment that 1 fool It my duty to make. 1 shall endeavor to bo honest, con servative and just. 1 have uu purpose to stir the public passion in any action not necessary and imperative to meet tho duties and necessities of American responsibility, Christian humanity and national honer. 1 would shirk this task.if I could, but I dare not. 1 ch.ii not satisfy my conscience except by speaking aud speaking now." Mr. Thurston said he had gone to Cuba firmly believing that the condi tion of affairs on the island hail been groatly exaggerated and that tie had directed his efforts In tho first In stance to tho exposure of tbo supposed exaggerations. He had concluded, however, that an over statement of the horrors of tho situation was impossible. He was prepared, ho stated, not only to adopt every word of tho careful, concise and specific statement of tho Senator from Vermont (Mr. Proctor), but ho was even convinced that he had uuder-stated tho facts. Mr. Thurston then tersely sum marized his observations and conclu sions as follows . After three years of warfare and tho uso of 225,000 Spanish troops, Spain had lost control of every foot of Cuba not surrounded by an actual in tronehmeut and protected by a fortilied picket line. She holds possession with her ai rales of the fortified teaboard towns, because they are under tho virtual protection of Spanish warships, with which the revolutionists cannot cope. Tho revolutionists are in absolute and almost peaceful possessicn of Dearly one-half of tho island, includ ing the eastern provinces of Santiago do Cuba and Puerto Principe. In those provinces ol Santiago thoy have established form of government, levy and collect taxes, maintain armies and generally levy a tax or tribute upon tho principal plantations in other pro vinces and is commonly believod, upon the entire railway system of tho island in tho four so-called Spanish pro vinces there is neithor cultivation nor railway operation oxcept under strong Spanish military protection or by con sent of tho revolutionists in considera tion of the tribute paid. Under tho inhuman policy of Weyler not less than 4UU UUU self-supporting, simple, peaceable, defenseless country people woro driven from their homes in tho agricultural portions of the Spanish provinces to tho cities and Imprisoned upon the barren waste out side tho residence portions of these cities and within tbj lines of intrench ment established a little way beyond. Their humblo homes were burned, their fields laid waste, their imple ments of husbandry dislroyed, their livestock and food supplies for the most part confiscated. Most of those people were old men, women and children. Sic* starvation was their Inevitable fate. A conservative esti mate indicates that 210,UUO of theso peoplo havo already perished from starvation. The Kovernmont of Spain has never contributed one dollar to houp.o, shelter, feod or provide medical at tention for those of its o vn citr/.jns. Such a spectacle exceeds tho scenes of tho inferno, as palntea by Dante. Thoro has been no amolioratl-m of the situation except through the charity of tho people of tho United States. There has been no diminution in tho death-rato among these recon centrados except as the death supply Is constantly diminished. Thoro is no relief and no hopo except through tho continued chairty of tho Aucrlcan peo ple, until peaco has been fully restored on tho Island. Spain cannot put an end to tho exist ing conditions. She cannot coi quer tbo lnsurg< nts. She cannot re-estabiish her sovereigntv over any considerab'o portion of tho interior of the island. Tho revolutionists, while able to main tain themselves, cannot drive tho Spanish army from the fortified sea coast towns., Tho situation, then, is not war as wo understand it, but a chaos of de vastation and depopulation of undo flned duration whoso oud no man can see. Id detailing the incident., and roclt log t.i.e. *? fi\ci < that came under his observation, Mr. Thurston said ho had do doblro to deal In horrors. " If I had my way," he said, "I would shiold t i in In puoliceven to the photographic froductlous of the awful scenes that viewed in all their original ghastli neas." Of the 225,000 Spain had sent to Cuba lesj that 00,000 woro now avail able for duty. Tho remainder aro dead, sick in hospitals or returned to Spain incapacitated. It is currently reportt d 37,000 aro now sick in hospi tals Id the island. Tbo army was lo Soor condition aud undor lax dleclp ne. ft1 do not bolieve," said he, " that tho en tiro'Spanish army in Cuba could stand an engagement In the open hold, against 20,000 well disciplined Ameri can soldiers." > Of tbaSpaoieh soldiers he said that they, '?ffcH people on oartb, would most ulBoly*. welcome any result which would (."mablo them to return to their honte?. ? . " Tdie pictures in the Aroerlcwn nowapapf rs of tho starving reconcen trades aro true. Th'j.y can r'l be du plioa^d oy tho thousands. I never saw, ?^1 please God t may never again eoo^?^^lorablo a sight as tho reeon iflflfl \\\m\ tn,> rtU,Mir,)rt 01 Matanzas. I H forget to my dying day , H Kjawyjish in their dospair ? fetfHtl about thotr little Whit we went among . ?l'.ent, furnishing. Their only appeal eouaes from tholr sad eyes, through 1 which one looks as through an upon 1 window into their agonizing aoula.'' ! In Matanzaa tho people had done all j they possibly couid do for tho recon- , coutrados, but it was too true that many Matai.zjs people who resided in tino bouses scarcely knew where tholr own next meal was to como from. Tho governor was willing that tho rocou- j contrades should repays the trocba to ' tholr homes, but tbo great majority wore physically unable to go. Their fato was a slow death by starvation. The govornor of Matanzas. Mr. Thurston said, could son no end to this condit on of affairs, and suggest nu rellof except tin- lgh tho United State. " Tho government of Spain has not and will nut appropilato ouo dollar to savo these people. They are now being attended and nursed and administered to by tho charity of the United States. Think of tho spectacle. Wo are feed j lng these citizens of Spain; wo uro nursing tholr sick ; wo are saving such as can bo saved, and yet there are i those who still say it is right for us to send food but wo must keop hands olT. " I any that tho timj has comu when | muskets ought to go with tho food. I shall rofer to these horrible things no further. They aro there. God pity me; 1 havo seen them ; they will re main in my mind forever?and this almost tho twentieth century. Christ j d'ed 1900 years ago, and Spain is a Christian nation ; she has set up more crosses in moro lands, beneath more skies and under them has butchered moro people than ull nations com bined. " Kuropo may tolerate her existence as long as the people of tho old world wish. Clod grant that before another Christmas morning the last vestago of Spanish tyranny and oppression will havo vanished from tho western hemisphere." Discussing tho remedy which should be applied to tho evils ho found, Mr. Thurston said : " I counseled silence und modera tion from this lloor when the passion of the nation seemed to ho ut white heat over tho destruction of tho Maine: but it seems to me tl o time for acting has now come. Not action in the Maine i jaso. I hopo and trust that this gov ernment will take action on tho Cuban situation entirely outside of the Maine j case. When the Maine report is re ceived, if it be found that our ship and sailyrs wero blown up by some outside explosive, wo will have ample repara tion without quibble or delay ; and it' tho explosion can be traced to Spanish ollicials source, there will basuon swift and terrible punishment adjudged as will remain a warning to tho world forever. " What shall the Un'tod States do, Mr. President?" For answer Mr. Thurston as a Re publican, turned to the last national platform of his partyi which declared that ''the. United States should actively use its intluenco and gcod olllces to re store peace and give independence to the island." In accepting the Domination tendered him by tho convention, which mid adopted the Cuban plank with a mighty shout, William McKinley had said, ' Tho platform adopted by the K "pub lican convention has received my care ful consideration and has my unquali fied approval. Twice within tbo past two years, Mr. Thurston said, he bad voted for a resolution recognizing the belligerency of the Cuban insurgents, but he wus satisfied it was now too late to acconi them bellingerent rights, or even merely to recognize the independence of the Cuban republic. "Our platform," said be, "demands that the United States shall actively use Its Influence for the Independence of the island. I am not hero to oriti ciso the present administration. I yield to no man living in my re-pect, my ddmiratlOU for and my confidence in the judgment, tho wisdom, the patriotism, tho Americanism o( Wtn McKinley. Whoa he entered upon his administration he fao d a Uitlloult situation. It was his duty to proceed with care and caution." Mr. Thurston thon recounted tho steps which the President ha* taken upon the Cuban question daring the past year and pronounced his course wise, statesman-like and in accordance with tho diplomatic usages of the world. 'it was the plain duty of tho Presi dent of the United States to give to the Liberal ministry of Spain a reason* ablo time in which to test its proposed autonomy. That time has been given. Autonomy is conceded tho wide world over to be a conspicuous failure. Tht situation in Cuba bus only changed for tho worse. Sagasta is powerless; Blan co is powerless to put an end to the conllict, to rehabilitate the island, or to relieve tho suffering, starvation and distress. "Tho timo for action has eomo. No greater reason for it to-mor -ow more than exists to-day. Every hour's de lay only adds another chapter to the awful story of misery and death. Only one power can intervene--tho United States of America. "It was her glorious example which inspired tho Cubans of Cuba to raise the llag of liberty in her eternal hills. Wo cannot rofu-io to uccept this re sponsibility which tho Cod of the Uni I verso has placed upon us us tho one great power in the now world What j shall our action be?" ''Mr. President, thero Is only one action possible, if ono is taken ; that is the intervention for the independence of tho island ; intervention that means tho landing of an American army on Cuban soil, the deploying of an Amcri-, can Beet oil tho harbor of Liabana; in terveotiou that means to Spain, leave tho Inland, withdraw your toldiers, leavo tho Cubans, these brothors of ours In the now world, to form and carry on government for themselves. Such intervention on our part would not of itself be war. It would undoubt edly lead to war. But If war cumo It would como by act of Spain in resist ance of the liberty and independence of the Cubau people" lie maintained that of all people on the island tho native Cubans were the best qualified and fitted for gov ernment. Mr. Thuretop paid a high tribute to tho governmontrfor the work It has accomplished in preparing for u<iy emergency and sptuklng of Congress said : "We are not In session to hamper or cripple tho Pris'dont; we fire hero to advise and assist him. Congress can alone levy taxes; and to this Congress the united people of this broad land, from sea to sea, from lake to gulf, look to voice their wishes and execute their will. "Mr. Prtb'dent, against the interven tion of the United States in this holy oauso tiffcre It but one voice of dissent; that \*oloe ls*the ?volco of the monny changers. They fear war, not beoauoc of any Chris ian of ennobling senti ment against war and in favor of peaco, but because thoy fear that a declara tion of war, or the intervention which might result in war, would havo a depressing effect ,upon the Stock uaa-kat. ' v r'V "MJFT President, f .d<* not ?jad my 'duty fdfm the tlokv ; i do jot accept ray lessons In patriotism from Wall street. I deprecate 1 "War with Spain #dh)i!?increase the business and earnings of every Ameri can railway ; It would inoroaso^tho out put of every Anvorlean .factory ; it would ?tlmulatO?Ver try and domestic cot greatly Increase tho loan labor, and in tho titloate thsjt rept'esoiite American t>usio6sa on >y th raoa oh .of lndus o; It would a for Amei In an ild bo rth to spectre ride through tho stock ]ors gotten galLc passing to tho other side of tho table. "Lot Hii hi go ; w hut if one man loses ' at tho gambling table his fellow gam- 1 bier wins. Let them take their cnances ( as they can. Their weal or woo Is of but little Importance to the liberty* lovlDg people of the (Jolted States. Let | the men whose loyalty if to the dollar stand aside while the men whose loy- I alty is to the flag oome to the front. ''There aresomo who lift their voices In tho land and In the open Tght of day Insist tbut the Republican party will not act, for they say it sold out to the I capitalists and the money changers at ! tho last National election. It is not so. (Jod forbid. The 7,000,000 freemen who voted for the Republican pai ty and for William McKinley d'd not mortgage the honor of tho nation for a campaign [und, and if the time ever comes when the Republican party hesitates in its course of duty because of any endue ! anxiety for the welfare of tho acenm I ulatcd wealth of the nation, then Idt i the Republican party be swept from I the face of the earth und be succeeded I by some other party, by whatev r name. I It may be called, which will ronrrannt tnc patriotism, the honesty, the loyal ty ami tliu devotion that bin- Ltopubll can party exhibited under Abraham Lincoln in 1801." Ho believed in the doctrine of |>> lice taught by the lowly Nazarlne, imt men most have liberty Before abiding peace can come. "Mr. President, in tbo cable that, moored me to life and hope the strong* et.t strands are brokou, I have hut lit tle left to offer at the altar of freedom's sacrifice, but all I have I am glad to give. 1 am ready to serve my country as bebt I can In the S nate or in the held. My dearost hope, my mo9t earn est pray or to (Jod is this, that whon death comes to end all, 1 may meet it calmly and fearlessly us did my i> - loved in the cause of humanity under the American Hag." NEGLKCT OK OUR KKSOI KCKS. - The Government Handicapped t>> HavilifC No ISOHO of Supplies in the' Southern States. Manufacturers' Kecord. The present, crisis hi the relations ol the United States with Spain has ttrlk ingly showu tho neglect of the govern* ! uaent to appreciate the resources o' it?e Southern States from a military and naval standpoint. L aving aside the fact that the seaport:, in the South have been among the last t;i bo pro vided with the means of protection, and that tho v* oik of building for till ca tions, and furn'shii.g armament to the I Northern cities was taken up und part ly completed before work south of tne Potomac river was begun, it may bo said that the government is acting at a great disadvantage on account ol not having bases of military and nava supplies in this section ol the uouutry. During the last few weeks guns, am munition an 1 other equipment have | been shipped from as far north as Now Knglund in some instances, to the Gulf I cities, a distance of a thousand miles. At present the United States has no plant for repairing its warships south of the Norfolk navy yard, oxcept, p -r haps, at Puusacola, although In case of war with Spain a plant of th's kind on the Gulf const, for example, would be of tho utmost value, ns the scene ol conilict would undoubtedly bo lu the vicinity of the WeBt India Islands. The gun factories owned by the United States are. entirely outside of the Southern territory, the nearest t<? the Southern seaeoa.it boiog that at Wash* ington, nearly two hundred miles from Hampton Koads. The coal tb.'iiis of Alabama contain an Inexhaustible supply of fuel which has already been proved by tests to bo specially adapted to the use of war snips. This is easy of ucc? and can be shipped by v\ ay of Now Orleans, Mobile and Ponancoiu, b'la. It is un necessary to refer to the ri sources of the Birmingham and Tennessee dis tricts, where tho necessary mater in 1 adapted to the manufacture <>f ;-t ul for armor and ordnance can b ? obtain ed, and the cost of imimifact.i; in;; be reduced to a minimum. The Manufacturers' 11 cord hi pre vious issues has referred lo tl facili ties in the So.itn for the lo sat on "' a llrst-cluss government shipyard In I'ort Royal, S. O, and other points on the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts, lu proximity to an abundance ol si ip limber and other n qulsltcs f.>i* c in struction. The question of an armor plate factory, still unsettled, lias al ready shown the faul 11 ties which the South has for this branch of Industry ! a'so a plant for making ivmmunitli n of different kinds, for which the gov ernment is now spending millions of dollars. Such works as these would I avo the advantage of being n arcr Pic aCf.coast, where, In eise of eosdblo war, their material could !>?? p! ie. il on board ship or in t'he coast dufunc< Rt a comparatively small co t. As it is, however, Southern for ?. Ii t ons are rocelviug ammunition and projectiles from Massachusi tt.-, N iw Y01 i< and Pennsylvania at tho iucioas< d exponso of railroad transport ition from these points. With a llrst-class naval otution and shipyard on toe Gulf, an ordnance factory in 0 sorgia or Al ibama, and an armor plant in any one of the il< ,?.on <>( cities whioh mignt bo mentioned available, in this locality foi the pur pose, preparation against an enemy, offensive or defensive, could bo made at a great saving of time, which is so valuable in emergencies of this kind and at a very great reduction of j> pensea. It in to bo hoped that the govern ment will no longer remain blind to tbo necessity for taking advantago of the facilities offered in tho Southern Stales, and that another international difficulty will not find us so unpruparod from this neglect. Many a hardworking man and woman in each day's toil, is pulling a "ton oi wot " with death for an antagonist. They fail to take proper care of their health. When they suffer from indigestion or a slight bilious attack they " wear it out." After a while these disorders wear out the reckless man or woman and the result is consumption, malaria, rheumatism, or some blood or skin disease. Dr. Pince's Com mon Sense Medical Adviser tells all about these diseases. It is free to all. Dr. Plcrcc'fl Golden Medical Discovery cures all the maladies named. It cures the cause. It makes the appetite hearty, the digestion perfect, the liver active and the blood pure. It is the great blood-maker, flesh-builder and nerve tonic. Don't let a druggist im pose bo you with a more profitable substi tute. r "I had n very severe pain In the small of my |, buck, where my hips join on to my body, ntul ft hurt so that I thought I was ^owir to coii|e apart," writes Win. Z. Powers, Hsq., of Krin Shades, ttenricp Co., Va. " My <loetor came nu>l pro nounced It rlicumnttsm. He gave mc a presci lp tton, hut I get no better, but worse. I purchased a ixitlteof Dr. Picrce's Golden Medical Discovery 'from my druggist nnd commenced to use it. I 'began to Improve at once an ' 'got well. Now I am In peifect health,?no pain, no rheumatism." Nearly every disease known to doctors and the treatment is described In Doctor Picrce's Common Sense Medical Adviser. One thousand nnd eight pages and over three hundred illustrations. Pair. Send twenty-o\e one-cent stamps, to cover mailing tiflv, to the World's Dispensary m?Ual Asoclotlon. No. 66.3 Main Street, io, "V V.,' for paper? covered enjv. ^j^i^^^^m^^^Mexn a -^j? & PKOCTOR'S STATEMENT ON CUBAN AFFAIRS" A UUAIMMC DKMCItUTION OF WHAT II?'. SS.WV. Horrible BufferlttKa and Miserable I'li-in ,?i iim Cuban Ilecoiioeu* iratloH?Thousand* Havo Died of Htarvatlon anil others are ltn-mlly Following. Senator Prootor, of Voruoont, who was secretary ui war under President Harrison, on his returu from an ex tended trip to tho island of Cuba, made a statement of liis observations . to tho United States SonatO which is very remarkable and entirely free from sensational bias, except so far a* I the actual facts create a sensation. His statement was carefully prepared, and the facts wore di taihd witn clear no&sand precision while his ull ranees were calm and dispassionate to a notable degree. Tho Senators lis tened with breathless interest to their colleague, ami tbogallorles w< te ii led with an eager and Interested audluuoo. Ho had vi.died the White iioUeO just before the delivery of his speech, and it. in presumed that be read the state ment to President McKinley, with whom ho is on intimate terms. Senator I'routor was accorded tho closest attention throughout his speech. 11? contlnud himself to nis inivnusoiipt, and, at the conclusion, while there wan no demons-ration, he was cord . Ij eommemled many of his coin ;i; e.-. Mr. l'roctor stated, i i tie^iiini that his trip wan entirely un< d: and was not suggested by any oue. Mr. l'roetor said* in pai't : "Of General Lao, I nood sa<i II s valuable services to his 01 unlry in his trying position are to > well Itn to all Iiis countrymen to require men tion. BfSldu his ability, higii charac ter and courage, he possesses the liu j pertant requisites ol unfailing tact and courtesy, und, with all, his military education and training, and bio soldli r i ly qualities are; invaluable udiuuets In tue equipment of our representa livo in 11 country mi completely under military rulo US is Cuba." ?* It ha* boon stated tuet I said thcro 'vas do doubt the Main?: wat b own up from tno outside," bo continued, '?l'lils is a mistake. I in ly bavo said that suoh was tho general Impression among American-, in I lav.u.a. In fact, I have no opinion about it myself) und carefully avoided form in ; one " Sen; tor Pi uwlur described tho pla ca ho had visited, and of tin warlike con dition of things on the lalaud, outside of Havana, i'uo order "f concent ra tion has produced desolation. He told of Woyler's orders for concentration and ol the ill ot t had upon tho ru eonceiitrados. Uoutltuiiug he said : "The execution of this order was left largely tu tho guerillas to drive In all ibut had not obeyed, and 1 was In formed that, in many cases, a torch was applied to their homes with no notice ami tho inmates lied Wit6 such clothing us thoy might have on, tin lr stock in d other belongings buitig ap propriated by tho guorillus. When tbov roaohod the towns they" were allowed to build huts of palm leaves in the suburbs and vacant plue< 8 with in the trccha, and loft to live if they could. Thuir huts am about 10x15 feut in ? z ?. and for want uf Spactl are. usually crowded logothcr. They have no lloor, hut the ground and no (urn - lure, und after a year's wear, but little clothing except stich stray substitutes as thoy cuuox tcmnori/.i. With I irgo families or with moro than one In -ms little space, the commonest sunltary provisions are impossible. Conditions are. unmentionable in this respect. Torn from their homos, w Ith toil earth, foul air, foul water und foul food, or none, what wundt r that one half have, dud, and that one-quarter ol the living are so disussjd that thoy cannot he -aveil. A form of dropsy is a common disorder resulting from theso conditions. Little children are still Walking about with actus und chest terribly Oiuui iuti >i, i yes swolh u and abdomen bloated to throe times the natural six.o. Tho pliyniclnns ay theso cases are Imputes*:, " Deaths In the street have not tu en uncommon. I was told by em of our consuls tnat they have been found dead about tho markets in the morn ing whore they bud orawied, hoping to yet some stray bits ot food from tho early buckstorS and that there had boon cases where they had dropped dead insiiie the market, surround ?i by food. Those people ware indepen dent and self-supporting before Woy ler's orders. They are nut beggars evon now. 01 the hospitals I need nut -peak Others have doboi ibud their condition for better th in I cuu It is not within tho narrow limits of my vOcUbulury to portruy it, I went to Cuba wito a strung conviction that tho picture und been overdrawn, that a fow e.i-i a of starvation and suitor lug bad inspired ami stimulated the. press correspon dents, and they had e.iv.;i i'i-co play tea stiong, natural and highly euiti vated imagination, lie furo starting, i received through the mall II l<j l! I publish'd by tho Ohri-tiun fiorald, with outs of sume uf tho sluic auu starving rcconcontrades and took it With me, thinking these were r.in specimens ^ot up to make too wur t possible showing. I -.r-v p onty as bud and wot'eo; many that should not ?> ? photograph* d and shown. I could noi bjllcvo that out of a i op dation ui 1,000,000 200.000 had died within those Spanish fori-, practical y prison wulld, within a few months pust from actual starvation end diseases caused by in BU flic it nt ami Impropor fund. 11 <| in les were entirely outddc of sensational sources. They were made of cur medical o Meers, of our consuls, ol cities alcudes. (mayors), ol relief com mittcos, leading merchants and bunk ers, physicians und lawyers. Sevorai of my informants were Spanish born, but every time tin: answer was tl lit thocasohad not beon overstated. "General Ulanco's order of Novem ber lUtb, iii>t, .-.(in;\vi at mo t ii a the Wey lor ordor, hut is o( little or no practicable boneIIl. Its application is iimltod to farm a ? properly defended' und tho owners ii ??? obliged to build 'centres of defense* Itu exeoution Is oomplotol) in tbo (Ilsen t on of the local n.iiiiny authorltli s, und thoj know the terrible military elllelency of Woylor's ordor in stripping the country of nil possible shelter, for order or source i?! Information for an Insut^oot and will be sio.v to surrender this udvantug In facti though the ordor was Issued four months ago, I s*iw no honoflolont results worth m ntlonlng." Speaking of the Cubans, the Senator said : " There are, or wer ?, b fere the war, about 1,000,000 Oubura on the Island, 200,000 Spaniards, which means those horn in Spain, and lees than 600,000 of negroes and mixed blood. Tnc percentage of colored io white ims been stiadily dimishing for more than 60 years and Is not, now over '2'> per cent, of the total In fact, the number of colored people has been "dually ?liiniiiishinur for nearlv thai. Uran. . '?One, tiling that wan now to mo wua to learn, ho superiority ? f tho well-to do Cubans over tho Hpi.niards in the matter of education. Among thoao in good oireumstanccy t'icro can im no doubt that tho Cuban lb far sUporioi In tills respect. " It It f>ald thut theo aro about tit), 000 Spanish soldiers now In Cuba, fl, for duty, out o( over 21)0,000 that havo boon sont there. Tho rest have died, boon sent homo -? i< k, aro in the hor.pit.aln and eomo have been killed, nothwithstanding the Omolal reports. "Having ca'led on Captain General Blanco and received hl? courteous call I in r. turn, I could not with proprloty, Reek communication wi.th Insurgents. 1 bad plenty of f liers of Hftfo conduct to Gomel's camp a:.d was told that If ^ would wJjt*'^?|yl,",jft^B,,^^!lj woul<| gavo mo the bust Information received as to tlie insurgent force. His state ments were moderate, and 1 was credibly Informed tbut he was en tirely reliable. He claims that the Cubans bad abeut .'{O.UO? men now in the held, sonn.' in every province, but mostly in the two cistern provinces and eastern Santa Cetra, and this statement was corroborated from Other good sources. "They have a force all the time in Havana province Itself, organized as four -.mull brigades, and operating in aiimii bands, lluiz wa-> taken there and shot within a mile and a half of ; the railroad and about 16 miles out of j Havana, on the road to Matan/.as, a road more traveled than any other. u Arrarguren was killed about three 1 ml l?sche other side of the load and abouVnve sumo dUtauoc, 15 or 20 miles from Havana. The insurgents are . well armed, but aro poorly supplied ^witn ammunition, They aro not [allowed to carry many cartridges', sometimes not more than one or two. The infantry especially are poorly ' clad." Senator Proctor said U>o army und Spanish oltl/.onsdo not want autonomy, for that im uns govdrnmeut by t;.e Cuban people. A- fur the Cubans, they say that the offer of it comes too lute. If it succeeds, it .can only be by armed force ul could not but. conclude,''said .o ipeukor, ''that you do not havo to scratoh an Autonomist very deep *o lind a Cuban. There is son tu bo an election, but every polling place must ?) ] iuslde a fortld u town, Such elec tions ought to bo safe for 'ins.' "1 have endeavored to state, in a not intemperate mood what I saw and heard, and t.> make no argument there on, but leave everyone to elri<w bis own conclusions. Tome tho.trongest ap peal is nut the barbarity practiced by Weylorj not the loss of the Maine, if our worst fears should prove true, terrible as are both of these incidents, but tho spectacle of I..'lOD.OUO people, the entire native population of Cuba, struggling for freedom and deliver unco from the worst mlsgovernmont of which I ever bad knowledge. The fear tout, if free, the people of Cuba would be revolutionary is not so well founded as has been supposed, and the conditions of good self-government ar< far more favorable. " .t it Is not my purpose, at this tim no* do I consider it my province, t-o suggest any plan. 1 dioroly sneak ol the Byinptoms as I s;iw them, but not undi rtako to proscribe Such remedial stops aa may be required ? o. safely b ? left to an American Pro ^-i ;nt and the Americitii people." L-ltKSlDKNT McKIM.I'.V'.s POLICY. Keeping in Touch With Congress and Consulting, Lemiers of Iloth I'arl ies. , President McKinley lias evidently ; reached tho conclusion tliut the time 1 has come when the linttet! States iniist ? intervene to prevent further starvation of h dploss women and children in ; Cuba, and to this end he is consulting with prominent and Inlluoutlul men in I Con^rcr-s, while preparing to take the I necessary steps for a peaceful inter-, ferencu with t ie ravages of Spain*.. The situation Is ? la id a- bo low - by one ol tie most careful and Intelligent Washington correspondents? "President MjcKin ?> proposes to make the bojfjPof tho fact that Con j_rii -s is likely to he here, fur at least six weeks more, and tu consult the in dividual 1 adds freely in private, ami to communicate with Congress publioly in such a way as to keep its confidence and ti < eonlldence of a mtij irlty of its e ie- ? i ! nt-i. Hut tin.- Prostdont docs not want war, if he can avert it, and .I. refute lie bus not adopted the plan urged noon him today, us on former occasion-, by those who think the Cu ban situation too intolerable to bo en dured, and who are. for settling the who'o matter a.- soon as the report of tin- Maine court is received, by forol ii Intervention for tho indopt ndonce of tl ? IS ..ml, h i' .-tills stick to Iiis in tention to tri at the Main . incldi nt separat? 1> . and, having settled that satisfactorily, to proceed by negotia tion for tho settlement of the Iarg r question, beginning by insisting that tho United States shall be allowed to ft ed the starving, not only as now. within tho Spanish lines, but wherever thev may hi: on 'he island. I'rei dent Mi K'nloy dons not propose to make war, r >r even to pr voice war, hut to act thron gl out so that history shah say tho Unltod States was not the ag gressor, lint, he real /.'s the po.-si bliity of Spain making war at any stave in tho contemplated procood iogu." In pursuance of tho policy outlined, the President held a conference last week with Speaker K-cd, who lias iccn in tho White Douse very seldom in the, last fe.w years. Since the con ference witn Mr. Ueed, he has held another interesting ami significant consultation, of which tho corroBpoo I ni of t ie Ni ivs ? im Courlor inakt s i bo io!iowidg report: Upon th invitation o' tho President, S natoi ? A lison, of Iowa, ami Gor man of Maryland, recognized loaders of tho tw o groat parties m tho Senate, ailed at the. lOxeeutive mansion im in diati ly aftoi ine tu j lurnment o the Cabinet meeting, i having been dotertniucd at the Cabinet mooting timt th- President's inossavo to Con ?.' will not h stihm ttod until next ?? i ek, as the n port oi tho Court of In h ury is not oxpt ot d to rouuli Wash ington before Thursday, Tin* Pros! lent is not. disposed ',' o get Congrt ss i it his hau ls.'' Oil the contrary, he propose*-; to maintain the mos', friondly ami confidential rclttlons with both lion-.es of Congress, so timt in dealing with tho pending complications with Spain the executive ami legislative branches ? f toe Covcrumont w ill work togt thcr " 'ii double harness." Senator Allison and Senator G rman are two of the most conservative men in the Senate, ai tl th y wiu!d a power? ful ii ilut nc ? ov r their associates. They were Invited to tho White llor.se for tlie, purpose of fully informing thorn of tho policy of tho Administra tion in dealing with this 8Ub j tot, and to nvoke tho co-operation ol t he Son* ate in considering the question with tin' deliberation. The conforenoo lusted m arly an hour, during which in subj 'ct was discussed from ovorv I oo Mvi >'hoi standpoint. Tho Presid n in . out ?i v? r> ?loai y that ho appro* elates tho gravity of tin; situation, and is anxlotu to Bt'ouro tho united support uf hull) HoUSO Ulld 11)0 Stin.lt.' , as vvi 11 as tho country generally in i.ny ntep that he may no rcqu.nod to takoin seeking an hi n< I th n< justtni nt of the ponding (I Rl ?u ty. He was exceed' Ing y anxious to know j st what the sentiment of tho tionato is regarding tho subj :ct of tho Independence of Cuba, ami ho itski tl the visitors if they thought tbe recognition of Cuban inoe |, d m a would In ing to an end tho distressing state of affaire on tho is land. Ho was informi d that while a majority of tho Senate is unquestlon* uhiy in favor? uban Independence, as was domonsv.'ated by the passage of more than one resolution to that effect, there was a very e rong sentiment in mat body in fuvor of intervention. Ono nf the Senatorial coaferoetj r< marked that bo fearod tbo caso had gene bo yond the point where any praetie results could bo derived from t i ? ? 'nilion of Cuban Indnpondon lio went on to say that tho whole ci Ized world seems to ho in sympa with the United States for its hum tariati I (Torts in behalf of tho suffor Cubans. All tho world has for sov year.-, past rogardod the United St iis exercising a friendly and hut protectorate over the Cubans, ar seemed to him that nnthlngflbut ad Interference will meat tho domain tho situation. The i'resident wan deeply impros tdatouioiits, in which t i HO 1TIIM Senators Allison und Gorman agreed, und ho cited numerous hypothetical cases which might result from the recognition of Cuban independence or active intervention '>y the United States. Tho Senatorial callers fn'iy appreciated tho serlousnosa of the conditions attending either of the suggestions oil red. hut they invari ably came hack to the point that inter vention seems to bo the surest and most emphatic way of disposing of the greatly tangled and complicated prob lern. The horrors of probable ?ar were also considered, und tho vat>t ex ponse to tho American people was u'so i -viewed with groat seriellen ss |i was Senator Allison who remarked that he (eared the Presldont would need another $50,0u0,UUU and probably a great dual more h.dore the etui la reached i The President was evidently dis turbed by tho frank and straightfor ward statements of the S nutorlul visitors and be expressed the hop ? that the problem might be udj istod without recourse to active interven tion. He said bo was proud of the f let that the representatives of the people in both houses of Congress are giving ; the Administration such I yal and sub stantlal support, and ho express* d tin hope, that no not of the l?xouutlvo would excite the political antagonism or pre vent united action in carrying on' whatever line of policy may be adopt) d for the bonellt of the entire country The rules of the Senate were referred to and the, question was raised whether there won id he any attempt to f?ret, a discussion of I lie general cjuosUon in Jntuvanco of a rc(|ucst for action by the 1 Executive. In other words, the Presi dent proposes that Congress shall have ] ample oppi rtunlty to discuss tho whole subject from every standpoint, and take such action as it may deem wise and proper under tho olroutmtuncos. It is bis earnest desire, however, that we shall have right on our .-in", und not indulge in any piomutuure act which might Intorfore with the wls i ? and most judicious adjustment of the dinioulty. The EVosldont understands that the mifr'rt of t im Senate permit the i rentes! ?Rrrecdom of debate, imt it it) nol bulleve< I tbAt there is any dlspasition on the i part of any Senator to hamper or in any j way ombarrass ttie Administration in trying to put an ond ,tu tuo dlstr -? njj I conditions cow exlsti? in Cuba. I!. I taking tin' representatives of boi < i hrauohos of Congress into his coull I denee the President baa play il a stroug i nnjtt'a popular hand. His Congresslona i oxpt rlenco taught hint that the mem j bors of the Senato and House ?o not resent being called upon by tho Kxc ' outlvo for advice and counsel in sucb : oroorgenclos, ami by securing the cor I dial co-operation of tho National L sg islaturo be can proceed with grruu-i conddoooo in the performance of tn< doiicuto duty imposed upon him. I NCI,IS SAM S UN1FOUM. How a Civilian May Tell <<> what Arm of tin" Service a Soldier or t-allor Itelongs?- Disthigttishinu; Marks in the Dress of Olllccrs and Men. A reporter for the New.-an I Courier has boon at somc| tains to ascertain tne , Jtbtlnguibhing marks between tho I boldlers bolongiug to the dilTerent arms ol tho service, as .veil a - tuose of the various ranks, and the result of his Investigation is very Interesting as follows : At. the pre son t time all regulars in the Cntteu States army wear tiie s.iiy/ eo.or and oik of uniform, but cmum ing as tiiis may appeu , it is byinuo means dtllicult to distinguish artiild y inen from oavalryraen and eugincors from infantry. Kor, in addition lo cer tain facings and devices, there are the facings of dilTerent colors that every ? one should be familiar with. Of those I the infantry wear White, the artillery I red, the cavalry yellow, the signal corps orange and the in idioul ilep trt inont green. Of the du\ Ices, those on the caps are ready Indices to tho arm to which the wont er belongs. Tht in fantry display crossed rillos, cavalry crossed sabres, artillery crossed can non, engineers a oa-L e. and the sign i! corps crossed Hags, further more*, the members of the p.cdlcal corpj ?veur the Geneva cross on the sleeve, w .lie. the signal corps wear the urossed il igt thero, as weli as on the cap. So much (or device., and faciugs ; hut, In additlun, any Intellifont pel son should ho able to spot a soldier and I coll his arm of the SOl'Vlco at once oy the OharaOtor of his uniform, us an uniforms In the United S'.at-.- army are designed strictly for business, ami should he Justas uiuub i f a distinguish ing mark as an onginoer's overall- 01 a butcher's apron. for iu?tttUCO ! An infantry man wears loggings, for which a cavalryman, who rule.-, WOdld ha\e no use ; a cavalryman ami an artillery it.an wi.ar t oots;. An lufaiui'y nan ? trousers are lo ?c because ho waiks. und those 01 tlio cavalry ami artillery are. tight, fitting BUUgly about ih : hi, s, s that suspenders may bo done away with, when only lllu l.\?>c biuu M.inoe. iOirt is worn. Thus u will bu seen that the Amerlcun soldi v duos not wear anything uuneoessary. Every thing is SUO'ill el lor woik, anil there is r.o bin. sa rilhed to ulspluy. Wo ii no is in ligutlng irim he i, by no means guuuy, but he is neat anu Inisintline, and aOove aliasgriin a loekng uustemer, whether on horse* la-.k 01* -AOrklng a gun or pushing a bayonet, u? any body would care to I (tit)>t. i Tno ma'tor of headgoar is by no moans uniiuporta it. Bjtn tiu infan ! try und caval y wear too campaign ! foil When nn ine march. Artillery I tnon and engineers wear the m w ru I gulation oap tbat fits light y, and wii> j not jostle t il Eloro tne matter ol the lianus oomcs in?a more dotuil, diu ono that may us weil lie mention, ? All mounted troops wear gauntlot*, which] are never worn by the infantry. Bur entirely usldo from uniforms, bea/gear, devices and faolngs, tlie mjaning of the weapons earned is of n# littio (mportaooe. Thero is no sjfying what partioular engine of de? Mruotlon one ol Goo. Stopplobeln'a ffuragoons or ono Governor Kllerbc's four thousand might no oxpected to parudo until aomo military man took hold of him and got him into proper trim ; but any regular soldier may be readily identified in this way: An in fantry man la-rics Iiis ritles, of course, with bayonet scabbard at his side, woven cartridge belt and pack un buck, while his otllcer. unless ho is mounted, wears his small dress sword a sabre that is meant foi business, and uiuy generally be deponded upon to hi.', it in dofonco of his gun; but ho has no uso foe rifle or rovolver. The ['aval(yman, on the othor hand, Ik pro Dared for every emergency. At long range and dismounted, ho cuu use his Carbine, Wblob, if short, is undoubted ly a lone-range weapon. At cio?o quarters ho bus bis revolver; und in tno charge he has nls sabre Purthor more, there is the loat ier >rd bvlt. which both ho und t w artilleryman I wear, In addition to which the cavalry iuuii wears u broad uoit aoross ui* breast. And In this respect tue ao eoutremelits of the umbutaneu and engineer corps should DOt b. forgotten, the former wearing pouch, knlf< and brassard and the hitter oarrping their tools. There is very little difference be ,woon tho uniforms of tbo < llloors while In uctivu service, and in dis tinguishing between tbctii om must Dote the dittoronoo in tbelr facing-: iinu look to tbelr shoulder straps lor tbelr rank. General-? wear star.-: colonels cugks; lieutenant colonels sliver oak leaves: majors oak leaves* captains two silver bars, and liest lieutenants one silver bar. An Inlantry ollloer wears loggl a cavalry, stall' or artillery illioer, boots, in addltloc to the rauK devices uu lus shoulder straps a sthIt ollloer wears other devices, such us a slued, a sword and la-ees, a castle, a sllvoi shell and llamo, a pec or a sword. The letters ?,> l>., P. I)., auu s. 1).. als?) appear s imetlmus, These Indi cate the department with win h he b conneoted. Non-commissioned olllccrs tiro dis tinguished oy the cbevrobs o i their sluevi s. Those of the first s il'gi ait consist of three V stripes, with n diamond in the centre; of ? quar'er master sergeant, of three V .-tr |> eounecti tl by a horizontal str |> >. S r- ! geants wear throe V-strlpes. und e ir porals t A o. Non-comoiisslou ii olll al-o wear stripes on theii trousers, which privates in the regului army do not. The great' st enigma of all to th genoral observer Is the hoav\ artilh ry niun. He is an artilleryman, but is not mounted: parading on foot. Hi faoingS are red, however, as are those ! of tlio light artillery. But muoh as has been forgo 11 n ab ut the uniform of the lan 1 so dter, his getup is stil' more familiar than that of the sailor. Evory sailor ha two uniforms. His fighting clothes an white dock or canvass an I t "n-'s* of u jumper, trousers, cap or canv h bat '.jack necktie and lanyard, HisoUi i . light In a dark blue blonae, trrniseiv and e"ij>. Their rank can b) loavoiC from the device on the collar anil sleeve. Black or gold strip. .- on t.b< sloovo, with a Star above, marks the iino olll "er, while the staff ollloer Is distinguished by stripes of v L ei with out tho st ir. There, are no buttons on tin; Ollloer'8 blouse, and he wear- hi sword bolt boueath bis coat. Next In rank to tho ollloors ftbvml strips are the chiel petty oMcers. They wear double-breasted Back cnul* und a star, orossod anohorf, a shin wheel Oi oro88od guns as Ins'gnia riink : and their belts are general!) wotu <intsi In their coats. Tin n oomi the petty 'Ilia-is. whose renk cor responds with that of Borgoants ami (sortionilo or. ?lw?.n mi.'. tho Boaraen. but woar thoir Insignia uo t'.oir bIouvi s. a red Uno ui tho shoulder bouiii im l- that a sailor i i a scam .n, und u while line that bo Is an Cgine< ? i llrcman. White t"tripos around uollai .?rui o?lTs distinguish the p- tty <? ii from the seaman. A. seaman's div doi is Indicated ;?v numbers on red or blue uloth on his bleovd and Iiis watch whother port ?>?? starboard, by t'.u-ir position, whether on right Or left a?'m. His ship s name it? always ou i.s cap. The marine, who is neither lish. il i*h nor fowl, is one of tho ha?'doit <>f thi m all to pick out. His uniform \> * ot, unliko Hint of the regular army ?nan : but he may bo distinguished by his white and rod facings and Iiis old o.ti le army cap. Ne thor do t'i >y carry the usual army accoutrement'). CHARLESTON A WESTERN CARO Una Ratlway Co. h a.ui usta and At) t vtile short Lino." tioheuule tu olteot u ?'nl. lolr7. v Aunusta. ?r Uroonwood. Lv Anderten. Ar haurone. tirCQ .'Sit . (Jlcnti ii>rli .'>?... Rn utaunurgi... . Sal ml a . Lluudcrtonvtile Ashovillc. ? n i 03 a Hi I mi 1 0 u . 7 lr 10 3i ?2: (.' I in am mil uni j ? '.siiviii.iu,., 811 irtmihur Greenville.. I .nitrous .. A|M|,,:,,? . ' i reenvi 1 ?<>< f A rAugiistn Ar Aila1 1. .. ., > !U -,m I . i .in Lv 1 iroonv ite. Ar Clinton. . . Now berry I Iis,, I v ? olumbia . Sumter billies . . Lv Charleston Laues Sumter... fi luntbSa . Prosperity. New berry Clinton."... A r (ireo 1 i'Iobo oonuci joints on : \. il fr'|>ar' a ibufi \'\<r i-it >r ? e ?i '.\ 1 in 4 0 em U 1 .1 .1 1 hih ... I iroouwoou 1 : .. mi I A 0. Uailw . v.< h slouthorn liatlv ? ti fsl V: .'(i 10 ticket? ?eblrr 10 \V.I I'KAIO, <ieii. Pass. Af?Oiil Aumisiii <i 1. T. M KM K'tSON*, Tralbo Mnnnicoi . K UrlOln Auont: ? il Spcighu 1 >: Auonl, < ireenvlllo, H. r. STATIONS, j t*. ?olu i.' . '! P.?f?i ?>???/. I " >.? a o'ti v. " I Inely :. Ar. (Ii m '>?i. " U?hJ If . ; Ar. Ab' > i'i"" jt r.V?.-'.ivn...... . Ar. X1 ill I ?in . _. . Vf ' V VI ? . ,. kta : iiiNd tv7<T .. j... ?. , ?? WlUIn f.V. .VI II ? ? ?_?_!! t.r. ??>:! Ar I. . iimlu*. . l.v. Al.lK>v\lU" Tli'-'i'i (11 imttwi 1 . 1 ?' jf'i ?? l'l II . flfl T Ar. Co 1 nbl? i Ar" ?iiftrl??tou ti.i.n I ?? !r' " *j>7. ? - I . L"v "8 :1V. li ."i> ,T~ BTA'i ION? "An w. t ri Co ' . Im'O'I. . i-r Mino 1 IH.Hl. . ;.>???? \ nie ..'<M. f" II ' 'IHK. l,v hi MirK A i l " A," ft. lit. curry *>tf?' ? 'Mini ? i iiii ! JttU iiJ?l> Hi, ll<1MC. K * . *7 p in f 4M ?i. ? i V*?itt)iil<Kl 1 ?ill ? in Uiidf?, es lnft (vrtrt on " A i ?! O. ill vUlon J M CU1 W. H.Gibb es Hainen Dealers in all kinds of I. I'l* IK i 5 ?SOI ?KUVAIS S'P, UK STATE AGEN'I S FOR Lidclel I cSc C CHARLOTTE th We are headquarters for the best rni. ffaTnilliaY reshing machine <>n the market, **m3 i. cXxM Ulld?l IN' (id our prices They will intorcsl so Studebaker Wagons, \ i Deering Harvesting Machines.' MA LS BY & COMPAlN 57 3. FOR3YTH ST. ATLANTA. -? fcJMJ''I{.\ i. AGKNrs ?K - Brie City Iron Works, The Geiser Manufaeturi The New Birdsall Company, Munter I ipro\ forQinningCotton, R. Hoe \ 1 m - . . i nry Sons, James Olilen & ^ons, Oar hier Governor Penberthy In joctor C np \ny ICS ?<ny teni ?n & torB Saws i in ?mim.,yi.-.jL\._.^it<&m~,.?v.i.u.A^ ....xljM iuiri< Who is Will Whitener r our Fashionable Hair Gutter and Shaver, IN BENDELLA HOTEL..- i:M