Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Cotton Mill Situation Rtvicwcd BETTER MARKETS REQUIRED. The New Tuglaud Mills aro Suffering Because '1 hey Oauuot Soll Thuir Products at a Profitablo Price. Col D. A. Tompklns, of Charlotte, N 0., who is in muny respects tho best informed Southerner on tho cotton mill eituat on, Is takintr a keen in terest in tho Now Engl .ml labor troubles. Ho lives in tho vory centre of tbo Southern cotton mill belt, und has within the past few weeks visiud every milling section in this country. His version of the situation Is 'com the standpoint of a cotton mil) manufac turer of long experience, as well as one who six aks from intelligent obser vation. VV th referent* j to tho indus try in tho North and South, respec tively, the past and present conditions, thosocalUd "sectional rivalry" and tho future in both sections, he suys : "The New England mills are Buffer* ing because they cannot soli their pro ducts at a i rotitablo price. The South ern mills are underselling them; not became tin y liko to soil good* cheap, but beeausi in order to sell at all they aro obliged to eut the New England quotations. This condition is not] agreeable to tho mills of either section. It makes the appearance that Southern competition is bicomlng ruinous to the New En^lund nulls. "As a natter of fact, tho mills of New Eughnd and of the South both need better markets. There is nmpl room for ii. provement of the condition of cotton manufacture in the South. There aro ? ome conditions in tho South more favorable than In Now England for the- pr duction of cheaper goods. Therefore, if tho cjmpi titiou is reduc ed to that i oint where it is a question of hurvivii , tho Southern mills can probably 1 old out about as long as those in N? a E inland. Any improved condit'ou, however, which puts the manufactui o of cottou in theLSouthern States on a satisfactory basis would aUo make a very satisfactory condi tion of things in New England. The trouble is that tho condition of cotton manufactu o in all parts of the United Slates Is very mm h depressed. Eng land and Germany are sending ships here to cat ry away the bulk of our raw cotton to bo manufactured In thost countries Rt profitable prices, while, we aro tquabl lii.g over the location of the factories for ?oing a small proportion of the business. 1 conceive that this condition I as been brought about by the following circumstances : "First, our domestic market will no] longer tab j the products of all the cot ton factories In this country. This is caused by tho increasing number of factories and by the drying up of the domestic markets so that they no] longer tak ? as many goods proportion ately aj tl ey foi merly did. " We are in need of a new currency system, ui der which the country peo ple of the West and tho South may ? ud their property lit collateral for such loam- as they need to make dur ing the jear for facilities, the ex change 01 foreign products for manu factured t: >ods would be greatly pro moted and dorn stic demand for cotton goods would piobably go back toils normal condition. To accomplish this, we must create a banking system that wil. permit the banks of the West and tho South to ist tie notes upon their own assets under government BUpervMon and without tho necessity to huy Uni ted Slates bone's as a basis of the notes issued. "Hon. J. H. Walker, chairman of tho comnilttee on banking and cur rency of the House of Representatives, aeems to I ave r< ached a solution of the currency question that would bo en tirely satisfactory to tho people and '.nat would bring the domestic markets back to u normal condition. Without such a remedy the condition of thines will probably grow worse until the money et i tres themselves feel tho re action aid find ditllculty in utilizing tho quantities of money accumulated in the ft! uncial centres. Indeed, the reaction I as already reached the New England mills and it is tho drying up of our domestic markets which has been caused by iho want of a circulat ing mt'lium wl ich is now making the very great dilllc ulty about disposing of manufactu *ed ^oods. " In a carefully writton editorial pub lished some daj. ago in tne New York Times uinier the heading of an "8 per cent, coi ntry on a 'A per cent, basis," it was shown t) at American money is already seeking investment in Ger many and in En, land. In the etTort to control tl.o trade of this country for Now Yo> k by tl e control of money In New Yoi k, tho vory trade itself which has beet, into' d< d to control h?s been more or lets diu d up. It is not iho purpose to say this has been corrupti bly done ?r that it has been attempted by New Yortc people with corrupt) motives. It is simply tho result of their u .iking the best uso for them selves Ol a banking system which Is in capable of the slightest llexibiiity. The ref< rm of the currency should be reduced to tho single, sitnplo pro position of authorizing all national banks in tho United States to Ii. w bank bi Is on their unimpaired assets j under the supervision of tho govern ment, s< a lax of I per cent; nous to] be guai unteed by the government In return lor this tax; issues t j b<-. made ] under eovernp.on . authority and all without the mci-s-ityuf buying United States hot ds We need no baukt smaller than $100.000. When this U done ai d our country banks are abie to loan money to their neighboring farmers on assets that would bo per fectly fl od at horn", but that aro worth nothing In Now York, then our do mestlo '.rude will he at once lnereused by at I' uot f>0 per cent, of whut it I? now. Then also the cotton factories of New England and tho South both would I ivvu ample markets for all the goods they oan make, at advanced prices, i.nd everybody would bo better off. "In 'raveling through the country in tho South it may be observed that there is an abuntlanco of food produced every year, that the farming tl mont and the nogroes in particular having more I tod stuffs than they have any uso (or, are yet ragged and 111 clad, fi is tho want of a medium of exchange that n .kea this condition of things so There can bn no over production us long t a there is that larg.* proportion of our population who need cloltus and cannot? xchango tin i>- farm products for th' in. "Th > second nood for tho Improve ment of cotton trade la tho rovUal of Amei can shipping interests. Ger many and Eogland are taking our raw cotton to those countries, manufac turing It Into goods and then shipping it to other countries at profitable rirh-e . Germany In particular is mak ng i roat progress in accomplishing this rosult. It has been pointed out / 'jaBMH?sBB^mMH?WE^sM that Amoriciin money 1? becoming in vested to ?ol many, where it cannot Qod emoloyUK nt in tnis country. If wo could cr< nt proportionately as larg** American shipping Interests as the Ufiitt d States on00 had, wo would prosper on tin* foreign trade ulono, re- j gardless o( uuy improvement of our domestic trade. " 1 made a vis't lately to Nowbury- ' port and buh m in Massachusetts. There is evidente in both those towns that at (toe time in the past they pros pered greatly because of their ship- ( ping interest.. At the present time this interest is practically dried up, and towns which were once of impor tance from a maritime point of view have, simply become very ordinary provincial New Bngland towns, living upon such dOUlCbtlo trade as they can find. "Thecotton manufacturing interests oi this country can and will be great ly improved by extending tbo knowl edge of b -ltf-r ard cheaper methods of prodi jin:; goods It is b\ the estab lishment of technical and textile bohools that Germany has forwarded her textile im? rests most. Without tho Interest that nation has given to shipping B*ie loul I not have prospered as she lias dorn-, but without her technical and textile schools she could not have created the business for ship ping. This subjoot ia attraetiuc a great deal of attention, both in New Bogland and in tbo South. " A line B0h< ol has been established at Lowcli by the people of Massachu setts and of Lowoil. Another lino tchool has b< in established in Phila delphia, chit fly through tho instru mentality of Mr. Theodore O. Search, and there is a disousslon of the sub ject in many parts of the South. With netter technical and practical knowl idge both New Bogland and the South will make belter goods at cheaper (.rices. This, of course, will have a 1 tendency to extend trade, and will put us in better posi'ion to ship goods to 1 foreign countries in competition with thoff of Bog lurid und Germany. "The production of cotton in tho ; South has nach d tho magnitude of j 1 lO.UUO.OUO bun^. The tet denc.v all tho j lime has been to make more cotton at 1 a oheaper price. Ten years ago it cost ? 1 $o a bale to gin ? otton ; t day mm y gmncrs are balled d with $1 a hale. 1 j In many ways u^' cost ol producing cotton and prt paring it for the market I has been reou<-' rl, This process of re- j ' tluolng cost wil 'i. the main tend to go I lower. Tho prospect is that there will < he large quantito 8 of cotton raised at ' ail times in the luturc. if wo desire I to continue to manufacture it In this i country and to increase this Interest J in proportion to Ui<> production of cot ion, it is important to take steps to 1 Improve our dorn? .-tic trad" ; to extend 1 i up foreign tram and qualify the com- . I ing generation In hi tu r education to make ohcapc> a I better goods, in I the work ol accomplishing these re- < suits there is no need for controversy < between the North and tho South. If i there is a little shifting from one ! 1 section to the other of the making of oertatn lines of goods, there is certain | < to remain ample room for the people * uf both sections in the manufacture of I sotton if we will make the condltioi s ? in the Uiiited Slates favorable for tho ? manufacturer Any unfavorable l.iws i uro bound to apply to both sections and i uny favorable laws are bound to benefit i both sections. j 1 " The. great emphasis lately laid in t * New Bnglanc on Southern competition , j cas been more for the purpose of in- j 1 fluenolng the labor to submit to a re- i < iluctlon of wages tnan anything else. I it has been from no conviction that the South had any more than tho or dinary advantages that pertain to its proximity to the cotton tields. Most , of the New England cotton manufac turers know this very well. In tho p:,st they have been mistaken about the needs for a better currency system . in tho West and tho South. They J have been many times told that the reaction produoed by this wajjtofcur renoy would finally reach them and effect their manufacturing interests, j j Southern competition has very little to I . do with their troubles at tho present time, excepting in a s condary way, but if tho present condition must con tinue to exist and no remedies are lound for Improving our domestic trade pr our foreign trade, then for some time to come there is going to be sorno ! hard sledding in both sections and the ' South will probably stay in tbo raco about as long a$ there is anybody in it. " The present relativo conditions ex isting North and South may not re main long tbo same. The whito labor available for service in cotton mills | may be exhausted in a few years. Af ter that the tendency will bo to equal ize tho matte? of wages unless it trans pires that tho negro may be utilized for tho coarser work as the whito la bor goes on tho liner." COTTON MILLS Ol'1 TUB SOUTH. President Hinyth, of I*elzer, Gives . Ills View on the <j row ill of Cotton Manufaoiurtog in the Boutli? The Baltimore Sun prints an inter view witu Oapt. B. A. Smyth, of lJolzor, S. C, in which he expressed views that will prove interesting to our readers. Tho Sun says : As tho president of tho biggest cot- ' ton mill in the South Capt. bm>th is intimately acquainted with this in dustry. Spi aaing of tho effect of Southern competition on tho New ' Bugiand mill situation, bo exnrcssed tue opinion that for the present tne manufacturers of tine cotton goods in New Bagband have but little couipetl tion from tho South. "Fall River, with its two million spindles,' oaul Cant. Smyth, "has only tibout oho hundred thousand spindles in the South competing for the class of goods tticy turn out. New Li :dford has no competition us yet from the Soutn for the products of its mills. It will take another; generation b-fore t io south w ill offer competition S'ltliclontiy ?oiiiig to make any appreciable in roads upon the mark, tt whioh are oon tro led by the N ? .v BuHand mills. I Tue competition of Sout i ru mills is talk'd of more to influence, legislation in Njw Boglind than from auy real feeLng of alarm, U is desired to -eoure the repeal of certain laws In tho Now B igland States, wnlch oneratc agaiuot the manufacturers. O io of these pronlhils the Qolftg of weavers for faulty work or for spoiling work. Under this law tho on y thing the mill owner can do is to discharge opera* lives who do faulty work, and in tho absenoe or any otuer discipline they contend that tnuy have no control over the operatives. Overproduction of cotton tfoods has suspended tne construction of new mill* iu the South. A question of im mediate importance to the Southern mills, and in faut to the manufacturers of all olasses of goods in t-very part of this country, I? an lnoreus ? In the ex port trade. There can be uo permanent relief from tho stagnation and other troubles lnolclent to overproduction i until this country reaches out and en targes Its trado with other countries. In almost every Industry tlio home markets aro oversupplled. If wo are to Unil employment for tho working classes of this eountry there must ho an increase in tuls direction. " To secure this exteus'on of trade is one of tho chief objects of the Na tional Association of Manufacturers, it has a membership of nine hundred, Including tho representative manu facturers of tho eountry. The belief is that We cannot increase our export trade without the aid of tho National Government. England's strength In this respect is due to tho subsidies granted to steamship lines and the active measures of the Government to promote trado with other countries. L.;ok at our immense Imports from Brazil, whos ? cotTuo and other products wo uso in largo quantities, yet Eng land sends to Braz 1 80 per cent of Its supplies. Lot the National Govern ment subsidize Bteamshln lines to the South American Republics and tho bulk of tho trade will come to t *? " Equally important, however, Is it to remove too consular service from politics. Send abroad trained busi ness men, who can grasp tho oppor tunities for developing trade aud un derstand tho peculiarities of the mar kets of other countries. This ability Is seldom fouud in a politician, who gets a foreign berth as a reward for political services. The lack of this knowledge and tho absence of direct lines of steamers are tho o stacks to the development of our foreign traue. "Tho National Association of Manu facturers is pushing the movement for u department of the National Govern ment devoted to tho commercial inter ests of tho country, with its head a member of tho Cabinet. This woukl bring into close relations with the Gov ernment the vast interests which the commerce and manufacturers of the country represent. "Tho South controls the markets on coarse cotton goods. This is recognized in tho establishment of mills for the manufacture of such products ic th) South by N iw England men. Southern capital aud Southern men, however, brought alout this development, and tho chief growth in the industries of the South is due tothes?' causes. There is an evolution in progress in tho op eratives of the Southern mills. New Kurland operatives for generations have been accustomed to work In tho mihs and the product >n of tine cotton goods is instinctive with them. Tue 311 mate of the South is ? qually as favor able as that f New England lor the prod notion of tine goods, but the opera tives have not us y<t reached that axpert stage where they can produce tho results obtained iu N iw England It is coming, however, aud new nuns built in the South of recent yeais are for Oner goods. " Cotton mills in lx\o S tut'i hav s been instrumental in reducing Wliteiaey and enabling people to live better aud more comfortably. The operatives orlgi* tally eaino from the farms, and cash payments for work was a novo ty. Schools aro maint lined for theirehtl Iren, and our company supports a school with an attendance of seven hundred children. We also maintain i library with 3 500 vouraos. In the V ning tho men can go to the library und iu a room s? t apart lor them read ind smoke. For the wom? n we reserve mother room, supjlid with literature .hat is entertaining aud ho pful. It is lUOh communities as these in ihe cotton mil sections that are working the evo Utlon toward a hotter educated class )f people, and with it the production of iner goods." CAROLINA AM) HAW III. Judgo Maekoy'is Diseovei y In Howard to Cotton ami Poverty vi. Coffee and Prosperity. Tho inimitable Judgo Mackey, of South Carolina, is never at a loss to discover whatever he may care to lind, Crom the causes of tho Frenchman's ligtiting o/ialitics to Uio reuson for intimate relations between South Caro lina aud Rawaii. Too public exhibi tion of the judge's purely intellectual L'xerclso is always enti-rtulnlng. That the industrial Frenchman may not have lighting qualities or that South Carolinians are not going to Hawaii, of course, hus no effect upon the beauty and logic of tho judge's statements, the facts merely emphasizing his must admirable independence in spoaking* Tho nows comes by way of Wash ington and is therefore as crod'ble us other local news coming from afar. " Tho very minute that tho nows Is announced of the annexation of Hawaii one hundred families of my Stute will rauko preparations to loavo for Hono lulu with tho intention of making their permanent homo on the islands," said Judgo T. J. Mackey, of South Carolina, to tho Washington Rost. " All theso are planters who aro dis gusted and discouruged at having to labor hard month in and month out and find nothing better at the end of tho year as a reward of their toil than 5 cent cotton. They can go to Hawaii and without nuurly so much exertion tiud in cotYeo planting an occupation that will render handsomo returns. Tne difference botween cotton raising In tho South and coff jo production In Hawaii Is the difference between pen ury and prosperity. Tho former busi ness produces nothing but debt, and there Is no future for tttoso who engage In It. " I would not. be surprised In tho event of annexation to soe u general movemontof Southern farmers toward our new acquisition in the I'aolllo. Tho inducements to Immigrate to that country are tempting, and when once the stars and stripes 11 >atover it, tin re is every reason to believe that u rush to acquire residence thoro will begin. If the treaty of annexation should fall In tho Senat ", a joint resolution to an nex will hi in older, a ui that will doubtloss bo uuted on atlli'matlvoly There are so many and such logical reasons In favor of annexation that 1 d? not see how the American Congress can 1 -t the oppoi tuuity go by." " Judge Mackey'a painting Is ideal," remarked a gentleman who was read ing the above extract, " It certainly is p ausible and pretty to think of turning from the production of cloth ing to the production of food. Hut tho hog and hominy campaign In tho South bas no relation tOOOnee and sugar cam paign In H aval I and Cuba. I "Tho experience of tho Southern farmers in raising a product, tho prleo of which It Controlled by speculators, has been far loo sad for them to ml ' grate to the land of coffee to work for tho larger prolit of the same class of ? men. The future of Hawaii or of Cuba I does not appeal to tho Southerner who 's struggling with some little success to become master of his conditions. The story of the rise and fall of sugar and coffee Is too likely to ba the old tale of the rise and fall of cotton. " The hundred famlllesof the judge's state of mind are not of South Caro lina 5 they arc In and of tbo judge's state of mind, ?nd for many times to come will remain habitats within the Judge's hat." 8T\1K HOARD OF CONTKOL. The Amiua. Report Shows tho Con dition of the Dlspennary ami Rec ommends that County ltoard?? U? Abolished. Tho State IJoard of C< ntrol has trana mitted to tho Governor tho following annual report: To ilia Exeelleney, Win. II. Ellorbe, Governor: Wo herewith aumbit our annual ro port to be transmitted by you to tho General Assembly of South Carolina: Below will be found a eoneiso state ment of tho business of tho dispensary for tho past year, as well as a recapitu lation of its business for the past 21 months, or the full time that tho dis pensary lias been under tho manage ment of the board of control. Wo lind that tho county boards of control are costing more than $10,000 per annum, aad do not meet tho re quirements of the dispensaries, and recommend t at they be abolished and some moro suitable and economical planbe doviaod for local supervision and control. All of which la respectfully submit ted. I). M Miles, Chairman. L. J. Williams, J B, Douthit, M. U Cooper, State Hoard of Control. B. 0. Webb, Clerk. The comparative statement of assets and liabilities for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1897, is as follows: ASSETS. Cash in State treasury Doc. 31, 1897.$ 61,901.26 Merchandise In hands of county and hotel dispensa ries . 211,402 13 Supplies (Inventory). 11,400 54 Machinery and ollice fixtures (inventory) . 2,500.00 Teams and wagons (Inven tory). l .ooo oo Merchandise (iuventory).... 88 158 30 l'ersonal accounts duo State 2 811.?b Total assets.$379,332 73 LIABILITIES. School fund.(310,380.40 Personal accounts duo by State. 60,952 331 Totnl liabilities.$379 332 73 Statement of profit and loss account for the fiscal yea" ending December 31, 1897, is as follows: PROFITS. Merchandise.$308 177 (iii Contraband seizures. 4,634.521 Profits from beer and hotel dispensaries. 2o\ios.20] Rebates and discounts on whiskey purchases. 42,510,36] Permit fees. 63 00 Sale of cart. 0 00 Unearned profits on goods in hands of dispensers Sept. 30, less reduotion in prieoe December 1 1897, since ac crued. 42,871. $12-1,371 40 Difference between net ac aerued profits and net pro? Ills for the first th**Ot -quar ters, placed to the credit of the school f,?nd from time to time. 12 019 19 Total.$130 990.98 LOSS KS. Breakage and leakage.$ 1 88S.8(i Constabulary . 40000.43 Freight and express. 64 830601 L.i'nor. 14.919.97 Expense. 20,663 731 License. 143. Supplies. . 119.3(H) 02 I nsuranco. 2,958 91 Wear and tear of teams, wag- * ons, machinery, offloo fix tures, etc. 071 66] Worthless accounts pl iced to prolit and loss. 1,709.65 Ex-dispensers' shortage-, en tered to profit and loss_ 10,000 33 ? Bosses by lire at Darlington, Manning and Kersbaw dis pensaries. 6.478 98 $290 547.89 Total amount placed to credit of school fund during year 140,44300 Total.$430.000.081 Several hundred dollars of worthless accounts, duo the State for empty bar rels, kegs, etc., most of which were found on the books when this board assumed charge of the State dispen sary; and also soveral hundred dollars duo the State by an insolvent insur ance company for property lost by tiro, which occurred while property was in sured in said company, havo been placed to prolit and loss account. Wo have also placed to proht and loss account several thousand dollars of ex-dispensers' shortages, about half of which occurred prior to tho organi zation of this board. Thoso shortages are in the hands of the attorney gen eral, and somo are now in process of settlement. Tho amount pa'd by the State, coun ty, beer and hotel dispensaries to the S ate, counties and towns since April 1st, 1806, is Itemized as follows: Amount paid to counties and towns in 1890.$119,703 10 Amount paid into the Stato treasury by tho Stato board on account of the gemral fund in 1890. 100.000.00 Amount paid to counties and t>wns in 1897. 107,890.98 Balance due on account of the g( noral fund paid into the State treasury by the State hoard in 1897. 83,500.40] Amount paid into the Stato treasury by the Stato board on account of the sehool fund in 1897. 50,000 00] Total amount Dec. 31, 1897.$400 091 54 H'We since paid into the Stato treasury on account ot tho school fund. 20,000.001 Total amount.$480 091 64 Tho report of tho logislativo exami ning committee, read', a i follows: "According to tho books of the State di-p n-ary, the balance of cash on hand In State treasury, on Deo. 31, 1897, was $01,901.20. According to th. statement furnishod by tho Statt treasurer, tho balance on that day in the State treasury to the credit, of the State dispensary was $00,423.04. Tho difference between these two balances Is $4,522 38. Tho dispensary warrants drawn upon tho Stat?< treasurer and unpaid on Dec. 31, 1897, according to the list furnished us by tho book keener of the Stato dispensary, amount to $4 510 34, whioh leaves tho discrep ancy at 0 04, which was the ssmo dif ference we found at the time of our last examination. We called attention In our report, for the quarter ending 3 ith June, 1807. to tho amounts due by various ex-dispensers, and recommend ed at that tlmo that tho same bo tuvnod .over to the law department of the I State for collection or settlement. We also recommended that reports bo mado :?'??<>in * tho disposition undlinal settlement o( theso balauces. We re peat this recommendation, tho neces sity of which is apparent from tho large amount of ex-dispensorb' short ages, which on Dee. 31, 18?7, was car ried to the profit and loss account, to wit : $l?,00?.33. Wo ropeat u former recommendation that a sepurato ac count be kept of expenses of litigation. These expenses have heretofore boon charged to the constabulary account. The stock of liquors und supplies v as taken on 30th aud 31st Dec, 1807, by Messrs. Douthit und Williams rep resenting tho hoard of control, and Mr. Moses, representing this committee. Altamont Moses, J F Thomas, Jr., C. U. D. Burns, Committee, A SOUTHKllN EXPOSITION. It In Proposed to Show the IudtiHtrial Advantages of tlto South iu New York Kann a id Trade. Tho holding of an exposition of Southern resources in Now York city In 11)00 would be of vast benefit in has tening tho agricultural and industrial development of tho South. Tho future supremacy of tho South in nearly all lines of munufucturc is conclusively proven by tho phenomenal succcess of Southern cotton manufacturing as com pared with the unpn UtablenesH of similar competing factories in tho East. The superior advantages of the South assures tho simo success In other lints of indu:try a~ has beon attained in cot ton manufacturing. Tho proposed exposition would bo tho most effective means of attracting tho attention of the capitalist, the man of enterprise, tho farmer, und of those export mechunics who flourish in tho Bast from small beginnings by making Yankee notions, in which ingenuity and skill aro combined and which uro frt quently the foundations of great In dustrial enterprises. It would bring to the South a diversified industriul de velopment based on the munufueturu of little things of gonerul utility and never ceasing demand, fuch us table and pocket cuticry, hair pins, shoe strings, buttons, needles und inuumer ublo artichs that enter Into tho every 1 day economics of lifo. The Interests of tho South would bo 1 better served by holding a Southern ' exposition in New York than else where. In the national metropolis and ! tho country within a radius of one hun dred miles aro six million people, many of whom would at fri quent I intervals visit such an exhibition and gather from its display information 1 they could not otherwise obtain. A ma- 1 j 'rty of those attending Southern ex- 1 positions on Southern soil uro from this section ; u few thousand, at mi st, come from the North und East, a d as ' a rule these aro seml-tifficial visits hy governors, their stuffs und official or gan zitions, who wish to compliment . tho enterprise of the people, enjoy the . soei-il festivities extended them and have a good tlmo generally. Not more \ than live in a hundred come here to -tuny Southern resources. Amoricans going to tho great Inter- , national expositions like the Fhiladol- , pbiu centennial und tho Columbia at . Chicago, look at tho foreign exhibits, \ rather than those of tholr own coun- , try. And, In addition, their attention | is uttructcd from tho pructicul by tho side shows und umusemonts. I An exposition in Now York in 1900 I will not only attract tho attention of i the millions from North and South | America and every part of the world | who visit tho metropolis every your, ' but, ut tho same time, will interest the i thousands of prosperous Americans I who go to tho Furis exposition via < New York. Such an exposition, with nothing to attract attention' from it, < and giving Information about tho in- 1 ducements tho South offers the capl- I talist, tho mochunic, and the man of enterprise who has his own way to make in tho world, will bo an object lesson that will com maud consideration, and carry tho conviction to enterpris ing citizens of all sections that they i must invest and locate in the Sonth if they expect to win the sharp Industrial , competition of tho future. Tho sectionalism and prejudice, that for many years .provonted Northern i capitalists and prospectors from In vestigating tho South as a field for In vestment, has almost entirely disap peared, and the time has arrived when an olaborato sotting forth of its mate rial resources and advantages at the centre of wealth ana population will rcceivo tho consideration of all vho are seeking tho most profitable em ployment for their capital, skill and in dustry. Had to Mark His Bluff Good ? John Allen, of Mississippi, tho wit of the house, arrived at a hotel in St. Augustine, registered and was as signed to a room. He had never soon apartments so extravagantly furnished. Expensivo oil paintings hung on tho walls. The bedstead was of mahogany and hand-carved. Carpeting haif a foot thick covered tho flooring. Thero wore rases tilled with flowers, volvot covered chalt-u, lace curtains, beveled mirrors and all tho other appliances of modorn convenience and luxury. John became alarmed. Ho figured it out that that room would cost as much per day as his salary as congressman would amount to In half a week. He called a bellboy, gave him $2, and told him to quietly find out tho tariff on that room. John didn't like to ask the clerk him self. II i was a big man, and that would look little. The boy returned presently and informed tho guest that the prlco was $50 por day. Allen wont down stairs, laid dowu a dimo and called for a oigar. They didn't sell ar ythlng but two-bit cigars. Ho put down a nickel and picked u > a New York paper. " Twonty cents more, please," said tho clerk. He got n drink i-nd tendered 15 cents. " Wher1) have you been stopping?at tho Windsor?' asked the barkeeper. " Drinks hero are a quarter." That settled it with Allen. He wem, to his room, gatuered his grips and took himself down stairs. Then he called for his bill. "Why, what Is the matin-. Mr. / lion? Wo thought you were going to spend flomo tlmo with us," said tho olork. " Very sorry " replied Mr. Allen, "but I have just received a telegram that calls me away." Tho clerk reached out his hand to tell him good-dye. "But the bill?" Inqurlred Mr. Allen. "Thero Isn't any bill. You are tho guest of tho manager, Mr. Soavy." But Allen had to make the bluff good, and he loft on tho evonlng train. ?Judging from tho increased sales of " ladies' cigarette cases," it Is be ll *vod that the use of olgarettdP by the women o.' N w Y >rk is extending. The oasos are frequently set with pre olods^stones and are. v,.ry oostly. The newest design Is In cork, mounted in silver and gold, with jewels to suit. DAVID AND GOLilATH. j The Story as Told by a Local Preacher lu the Southwest. Last week, my brethren, as I was a-readin' in my Bible, I found a story on a big fight (I. Samuel, xvll ) It was powerful Interestin', and I studied it almost all tho week. There was two armies a-campln' on two moun tains, right fornenst oach other, and a holler and, I reckon, some good bot tom land and a medder lot lyln' be tween 'era. In one of the armies there was a big feller?a whoppin' great big feller?and every day ho went down into the medder lot and looked up the hill to t'other camp, and just dared em. LIo told 'em to pick ?heir best man and sond him down tho hill, and he'd light him. And such soger close I never heard tell on afore. Uo had a brass cap and brass trous ers, and a coat made like mall-bags where thoy are all ironed and riveted togothor. But tho fellers in t'other camp jest clean dunked. They dare n't light tho big feller, nary ono on 'em. They jest sneaked away, and the big feller ho went back to camp. But ho didn't quit thar, tho big feller diln't. He was spilln' for a fight, and ho was bound to have it. He jest wont down into tho bottom land, into the modd or lot, every day, moruln' and I evonin', and dared 'me and dared 'e.m I tell you ho pestered 'em mightily. Tho old feller, Saul, the glneral, he foit more chawad up and meaner than tho sogers, and when he couldn't stan' it no longer, he told the boys that if any on 'era wanted to go down and lick tho big feller he'd glvo him his gal and a right smart chance of plundor. But thoy was all so skeer'd that even that didn't startone of .'em. The big feller weut down and dared 'om. and pestered 'em moro'u a month?40 days, tho Biblo says. I don't know what they'd done if it hadn't a been that a peart little feller had come down to camp, one day, to fetch some extra rations to his three big brothers, that their old dad sent to 'em from home. Kind old pap, he was, and sharp, too, for he sent along a big present to the boys' cap'en. Well, jest as tho little feller drove up, tney was all gwino out to fight, and tho little feller left his traps with the driver, and legged it after the sogers, and told his big brothers howdy. Itight thar tho old big feller came out ?ud dared 'em again, and they were all so skeer'd that they just run like mad. Tho little feller hoered him, und then went back into camp and uecred all the sogers talking about him, and what the old gineral would i'ive to havo him licked. He asked 'em a heap of questions about It all, i und his big brother he got mad at him, .im! twitted him about keeping sheep, und gave him a right smart of 'sass. lie was plucky, but, you see, he had to stan' it, 'cause 'twas his big brother. Big brothers are mighty mean some Limes, i But iho little feller talked a heap with the other sogers, and they to d khe old gineral about him, and he told them to tell the little teller to i jomo and see him. The little fellor was n ighty plucky, and he just up and i told the old Gineral Saul that h^'d I tight tho big feiler 1 The gineral look 3d at tho handsome little feller?he was real handsome?and ses he, kinder softly, " I reckon," and shakln' his i head, "'it's too big a job; you're only * chunck ot a boy, and he's an old i lighter." i The iittlo feller spunked up, and told the old ginoral that he'd had one b'ar tight, and ho kill? d the b'ar. He i mid there was an old lion and a b'ar i jot among his dad's sheep, and was /wine off with a lamb. He broke for i im, and as soon as ho met up with the jld b'ar he lamm'd him till the b'ar i turned on him for a nug ; but ho got 1 mo hand into the long ha'r under his jiw, and ho lamm'd him wtth the Dthet 'n till he was dead. He'd killed tho lion and the b'ar, and be knowed ho wus enough for tho old big feller. Then tho little feller talked real roligion to the old gineral. You seo, he'd got religion afore that, and he knowed that the Lord would help a feller, if he was all right, and got into a tight place. He told Ginoral Saul that the Lord had mado him mighty supple, and looked out for him when tho old lion and b'ar triod to get their paws into him ; and ho knowed He'd seo him through tho fight with the old big fellor, for ho was just darin' 'em and pesterin' 'em to mako game of religion. When the old gineral seed ho -viis so plucky and religious, too, ho knowed thorn's tho kin' that fit power ful, and ho told him to go in, and he mado a little prayer for hisself. Then the old gineral put his own soger close on the little follow, and strapped his sword onto him. But thoy wore a heap too big, and ho shucked 'em off directly, and made for a dry brauch down in tho bottom. Then he hunted five little, rocks, smooth as a hen egg, put 'om in a Iittlo bag whore he carried his snack when he was a-tondin' the sheep, got his sling fixod all right, and hurried up to meet the old big fellor in the medder lot. When ho seed him comln' he was powerful mad they'd sent down suoh a feller, and jawed awful. But the lit tle feller jest talked back relglous, and kept his eyes peeled. And I reck on the big feller couldn't a ben' a-look - in.' I've studied a heap on it and I jest know tho big feller couldn, a bu'n a-lookin' ; for tho little feller got out his sling and drew away and shied a Iittlo rock at him, and he popped him, and down he tumoled. Then the little feller rushed up and mounted, j ist as an old hunter loves to get on a b'ar aftor ho'd shot him ; and he out with tho hig feller's long sword and off with his head. Then it was tbem Philistine sinners' turn to bo skeer'd and they broko for tho brush, and all of them chil'un of Israel fellers jest shouted, and ohasod 'em clean over the mountain into a valley, and then com'd baok and got all them camp plunder. My brethren, thats the best story of a figut i oyor road after, and you can't buy no bettor story book nor this very Biblo. ? A bill has been introduced in the Kontuoky legislature which provides that where a suit Is brought upon a life insurance policy, heretofore or bero* after Issued, no defen^o based upon misrepresentation in obtaining the policy sued on shall be valid unices the defendant shall deposit In the court in which the aotion Is ponding for the benefit of tho plaintiffs, all premiums reoolv id, on such polioy, with Interest on 'in no from uate on which they were paid to thp insurance company. ?Tv70 things which Americans miss In London are soda water fountains, ami good barber shops. The English do not Indulge in the hot and cold drinks, which to the Americans seem a necessity of winter and summer, and the Briton's health is the better by roaeon of his abstemiousness. Most of the Li union barber shops are mean and squalid, altogether different from the American establishments, which are often luxurious in their appointments. luuislativk; i'kookedinuu. Some of iho Thing* That.Engage the Aitcntluu of the Holons of South Carolina. Tho privilege tax on fertilizers has occupied u considerable share of atten tion, and the following debate will provo iuterestlng : Mr. Kurd's bill to divide tho privilege tax on fertilizers between tho Clemson Agricultural and Winthrop Normal College was taken up, and Mr. Elird proposod an amendment that the liest $30,000 go to Clemson, the remainder to Winthrop, and If tho remainder should not be $30,000 It should bo sup plemented by direct appropriation, so as to make It $30,000 for Winthrop, lie said that this was on tho line of economy. It promised much. Every one was proud of those two colleges. Tho founders of Clencsoo said that in stitution could be run on tho privilege tax. Ho was proud of these two in stitutions, but ho did want to see both placed above coming to tho Assembly every year asking for help. Unless appropriations are cut off, these col leges will have to go Into politics. Winthrop only asks for $30,000 aud tho usual amount for scholarships. All that Winthrop asks for is given. The privilege tax may not roach $130,000, but nothing Is lost oy the bill. The privilege tax will average from $">0, 000 to $60,0u0. Tho naoro it makes will reduce tho appropriation to Winthrop. Clemson should not gobble up all the 1 tax. The privilege tax is right and i should stand, and ho did not favor any reduction in the tax. Tho bill pro- I poses putting tho two institutions above political lights. Mr. Lofton favored lenying mauern alone and opposed the resolution. Mr. Kiblor said Clemson did not need as much money as heretofore. The only question is, what is to bo dono with tne tax ? Ciemson last year received from all sources between $85,000 and $U0,000. Ho did not know hew the College could spend that much money. The College has a magnificent equip ment and all that should bo appro priated was enough to properly run tho College. To pass this bill will put the House on the line of economy. Mr. Thomas, of Charleston, said the farmer paid the tax and it was unfair to take the farmer's tax and support Winthrop with it. If you are going to take the farmers' money it should go to tho farmers'Col logo. They should have what ie their own. Mr. Elird said that ho was advised that 25 per cent of tho boys at Clem son were not farmers' sons. Mr. Toole proposed that one-half of the fund go to tho public school fund and the remainder to Clemson. Mr. H. J. Kinard favored this bill. Ho had beeu to Clemson twice. He had always stood for Clemson. Unless they put a stop to expenditures there the College would become a burden to tho taxpayer!. In some departments economy could be practiced." Ho cited Instances in one or two departments. He referred to the working up of new Iron In tho forges and throwing it away when worked, rather than mak ing It into salable stuff. The common schools got the dispensary profits and '& mills besides, and did not neou any more. Mr. Ashley said that Clemson aud Kock HUI got from $200 to $300 a head, and the barefoot boys got $3 a head. It was very different here and on the stump. He hoped the Houso would dhow some sympathy for tho poor boy. Half ought to go back to where it came from. Ho wanted to know who repre sented the poor boy. He wanted to sue him protected. Ho was raised a poor boy, and ho know what ho had to stand. The thing to do is to educate tho boy, aud let him become an edu cated votor. Lot tho whole fund go to ClomBon, us long as it will not go to tho public schools. Mr. ?. P. Goodwin Bald tho bill should be killed. Tho Intention has always been for this fund to go to Clemson. Dr. Ilderton favorod tho division. One well educated girl was worth half a dozen. South Cardinals becoming ? op heavy, and the sooner Winthrop is removed from politics tho better It will bo. Clemson has everything it wants. What is tho uso to keep on pouring money into their laps ? He denied that the fund belonged to Clem son. The lund belonged to the people who paid it. Clemson is no moro en titled to this fund than Winthrop, if it belongs to the farmers exclusively why not let it go to the public schools? Mr. Toole proposed that tho money go between the public school fund and Clemson. Mr. Eflrd'i amendment was then voted on and agreed to by a vote of 43 to 23, to give $30,000 to Clemson and as much to Winthrop, and if not mado up to make it up from the treasury. Mr. Meares said that tho Courts held that a privilege tax could not bo used as a common fund for Government ex penses. The tax was to go to the agri cultural department, but tho tax can not bo used to support any collego or Institution in tho S'.ato. If tho fund could bo diverted, Mr. Meares said, tho fund could go to Clemson for the chemists, and by indirection to tho support of the College the wike tike bill. Mr. Galnes' bul to regulate tho width of tho tires of vehicles was considered next. Senator Mauldln thought the bill was a good one. He said ho had perhaps more experience in tho matter of good roads than any othor Senator. Senator Maytield was opposed to the feature of the bill compelling tho poor man to put broad tires on the wagons now in his possession entailing extra expense. With this exoeption he fa vored the bill. He thought broad tiros were a groat deal better for upper and lower Carolina. He referred to tho splendid roads of Pick ens County and thought it wao practicable for tho whole State to enjoy roads as good as those in i'lokens. Ho did not think tho good roads of the State should bo cut up by narrow ties if legislation can prevent it. Senator Galnes Introduced an amend ment to exempt pleasure vehicles, and called attention to the fact that it would bo noarly two years boforo the Act could operate. The passage of the Act would create interest, and thoro would be other sessions of the General Assembly, whore tho bill could be amended, if neco sary. Senator Dean did not think that the people were ready for suoh a radical change a? proposed by this bill. Ho said they would bo astonished If they would estimate the extra cost in volved In substituting broad tires. Ho thought it was forcing a measure on tho people?too muoh paternalism; It was like telling the people thoy must drive a certain kind of animal. Senator May field said that the object wao not to force tho use of broad tires on wagons already in possession, but to prohibit the manufacture of wagons except of standard size tires, and thus gradually encouraging the use of broad tires. Senator Dean said there were some wagons in Groenvillo County that would last twenty years, and it would bo a hardship to compel the extra ex penso of cl anging the tires. Sonator Archer said that tho won derful wugons mentioned by Sonator Dean would never cut up tho roads, for they remained under shelter. Tho veto on tho motion of Sonator Dcnu to indefinitely postpone was us fol'nws : Yeas?Alexander, Connor, Doan, Dennis, Griffith, Hay, J? ITeries, Les esne, Mower, O'Doll, Ragsdale, San ders, Scarborough Suddath, Talblrd, Turner, Williams?17. Nays?Archer, Drown, Duist, Doug lass, DuDoso, Gulnes, Honderson, Lovo, Mauldin, Maytiold, McAlhany, Mc Calla, McDiniel, Miller, Moses. Norrls, Pottigrow, Sloan, Walker, Wallace, Waller-2l. Tho Senate having refused to inde finitely postposo, a motion v.as made and carried to postone debate on tho qu stion. When tho wide tiro bill was callod up again, Senator Dean moved to con tinue the bill until tho next session, in ordor to give tlmo to consult with tho t>coplo. lie thought tho Senate should )o careful in passing such a revolution ary measure. Sjnator Archor agreed with Senator Doan that tho next Legislature would bo moro capablo of acting wisely on this measure than the present body. Senator Galnes said that tho argu ments in favor of Wide tiros had not been exhausted, and he thought this bill should have tho stamp of approval or disapproval of this Senate. Senator May field said his amend ments (covered tho ief obj ?ctlons to she bill; that thoy | 'onlMted the con tinuous importation of narrow tires, md provided that the bill should not ilfoct vehicles now ia use. The point of omor wns raised that a bill could not be continued until tho next session, but President McSwooney rulod that Sentator Dean's motion to continue was in order. Senator Ragsdale spoko in favor of continuance. Sonator Lesesno opposed the whole bill because lower part of tho Stato did not need it; that it was a good measure for tho up county, but let those coun ties who want exemption have it. Ho offered an amendment excopting most of tho counties in the low-country. Senaten* Hendorson thought such a general bill with all those cxC3ptionB would be unconstitutional; that this would be considered special legislation. Ho asked tho Senators to meet tho issue squarely. Sonator Lesosno vehemently opposed forcing this law on tho people of the low-land. Ho Baid it might bo a viola tion of tho constitution, but it was only a precedent established by the Senate. He earnestly opposed the measure, which he know his people would repu diate if allowed to express an opinion. "Allow us who do not want it and do not need it to be exempted." Senator Scarborough said this bill was "paternalism run mad." That this Legislature had no moro right to say what tiro should be used than what col or our coats shall be. Ho said he thought tho Senators would recogn ze the rights of those who wanted exemp tion. Re stated that tho oxperiment bad been tried in Horry and the wide tiro did not continue in use, and this was euQioient to mako him oppose the bill. Ho protested against forcing this measure, which would be oppres sive. Senator Henderson said ho was still convinced tbat the proposed excep tions would involvo tho bill in legal difficulties. Ho opposed local option in tho dlspensurles for the same reason that ho opposed what might bo termed "local option in tho wide tiro bill." Senator Connor was doubtful whether tho consi q lent improvement in roads from tho use of wide ti"*ei would com pensato for those revolutionary changes. Ho also had grave doubts about tho constitutionality of tho law. A yea and nay vote was taken on Senator Lesesne's amendment to ex empt a number of counties from tho provisions of the bill. Tho amend ment was adopted by tho following vote: Yeas, 21; nays, 18. Senator Gt?inos moved to tablo tho motion to continue. The vote resulted: Yeas, t; Nays, 30. Senator I'ettigrew mo7od to striko out tho enacting words of tho bill. Tho vote resulted as follows : Yeas?Archor, Buist, Connor, Dean, Douglass, Du Boso, Grift'.th, Hay. Hen derson, JefTorios, Lovo, McAlhany, McDaniel, Mower, O'Doll, I'ettigrew, Ragsdale, Scarborough, Sloan, Waller, Wllllams-21. Nays?Alexander. Brown, Dennis, Mauldin, Gainos, Lososno, Maytiold, McCalla, Miller, Moses, Norris, San ders, Stackhouse, Suddath, lalbird, Turner, Walkor, Wallace?18 By this clode vote tho Senate at last killed a bill which has arousod much intorest throughout tho Stato and con sumed nearly two days in tho Senate. A Famous Toy Maker.?In plying their trade tho toy-makers of Austria confine themselves to tho manufacture of the particular artlccsin which they excel. For example, ono workor?an old woman?carves cats, dogs, wolvos, sheop, goats and elophants. Sho has mado these six animals her whole lifo long, and sho has no Idea of how to cut anything else. Sho makos them in two sizes and sho turns out as nearly as possibly 1,000 of them a year. Sho has no model or drawing of any kind to work by, but goes on steadily, I unorrlngly, using gauges of different siZ3B, and shaping theanimalsout with an ease and an amount of truth to nature that would bo clever if it were not utterly mechanical. She loarnod from hor mother how to mako those six animals, and her mother had learn ed, in ljko mnnnor, from hor grand mother.' The old dame has taught the art to hor own granddaughter, and so It will go on boing transmitted for generations. In some houses thero are families that carve rooking horsos or dolls or other toys, and in othor houses thero I are families of painters. In ono house j aro a doz :n girls painting brown horses 1 with black points. In another house I thoy paint only red horsos with white points. It is a soparato branch of the trade to paint saddles and headgear. A good hand will paint twelve tltiim horsos a day, each horse being about a foot in length, and for thesosho Is p*ld sixty joldl, or ab mt half a crown. --A Gorman physician ha-i compiled statistics showing that raarriago has a gold deal todo with tne longtn of a per son's life. His figures show thatofovory 200 perions who roach tho ago of forty years, l?? aro marrlod and 75 unmar ried. At sixty years tho proportions aro 48 t*J 22 ; at seventy years, 27 to 11 ; and at ninety yeara, 0 to 3. Dr. Schwart* states thattheratoof motallty for mar ried persons between the aces of thirty and forty-flvo yoars Is 18 per cent., while that for unmarried pjrsons is 28 por cent. ?W. j. Bryan Is expeoted to make > three speeches In Alabama this month.