A RED HOI TIME IN OLD ED?LFIELD.
LVIIGEST MEETING OF THE SEN*
ATOltlAL CAMPAIGN.
McLaurin and lrby Have a Lively
Time? Evans 8uys There's a Lie
Out?MaylielU Deolares That El
lerbo Wants a New Party.
Tho largest and livuliost meeting of
the campaign was held at Edge field.
Between 100 ami 500 people were pres
ent. Tho usual routine was broken
when Senator Mel/iurin, following
Colonol Irhy, went for tho hitter's
career in tho Senate. McLaurio, arm
ed with the Congressional Kecords of
the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con
gresses, frequently brought Irhy to his
feet to make explanations.
Colonel irhy, the first speaker, was
greeted with some applause. Ho was
in Edgi held for the first, time since
1890, said ho, to see tho reception of
tho people's great trihnno, Ben. Till
man. Ho was hero then lighting eon_
biuations and was here now lighting
tho "State House gang,'' wbloh was at
tempting to parcel out the of 11 COS of
this State from Senator down to coro
ner. "1 am running as a*Demoorat,"
declared Irhy. "1 am the only origi
nal nackagc in tho lot." McLaurin had
patented his speech. At Beaufort ho
wanted proteetion on rice, at Charles
ton on neo and long staple cotton, and
so for evo*\y county, hut he didn't think
lie had a patented protection speech
for KJgeiiclJ. McLaurin had the peo
ple fooled. Ho is not on the same plat
form as Tlllman. Tillman had declurcd
he wasn't.
Proceeding On a no^ tack, be de
clared that McLaurin had gotten Gon
zales for his political daddy and tho
world can't beat hin?. Lie then declared
that ho and Tillman were political
daddies of all of the candidates, but
thought they wero treating him with
disrespect by opposing him.
Ho had been politically assassinated
and thrown out for dead because ho re
sisted tho great conspiracy last year
against tho Democratic party. Ho was
a Democrat, always had been and could
bo nothing else, because ho was for the
interest of the people.
Colonel Irhy then attacked McLau
rln'stariff views, declaring that Till
man had said they wero iniquitous,
and "I know will bolievo him if you
won't mo. You people hero love him
and b( \ievo what he says."
Colonel Irhy attacked the newspa
pers. Lie declared that Mr. Gonzales
had prevented a Conservative from en
tering this race. Mr. Gon/.ales had
called him a liar in to-day's paper,
w hich was unparliamentary ; no ono
usually called him that when close to
him, how aver. He attacked the Forty
movement. He believed that every
white man should he allowed to vote
and therefore disapproved of the con
stitutional suffrage clause.
Colonel lrby made the assertion that
he and not Tillman had made Kvans
Governor. He, with Tillman, ho de
clared, had had Saluda made into a
county and left lvJgeticld Conservative
with Sheppard to run it.
Reviewing past political history, Irhy
assorted that last year lie could have
gone to tho Chicago convention as a
delegate. Gantt, said he, came to him
at 2 o'clock a. m. and said that the
State convention had left a piuco open
for him. He sent word baOK that ho
would not accept because ho was unal
terably opposed to tho declared bolting
policy of tho party.
Editor Ball next camo In for praise
for coming out against the nowspupcr
combination at Columbia. Tho Klierbo
Watts episode was repeated, bu\ elici
ted no applause. Ho declared that he
could prove that tho "Stato House
clique" were going to turn out Mcivor
anu that Tillman knesv they were plot
ting against him.
Ho concluded by reviewing his re
cord and declaring that ho had always
been with the people. Col. lrby was
wildly applauded when lie took his seat.
Ho kept the crowd in a good humor and
thoy listened attentively.
Senator McLaurin began by review
ing his record as a Reformer. Tho Re
fortn movement, ho declared, did not
depend on the life of any man, not evon
on that of Tillman. He jumped on lrby
for saying that he made Tillman sup
port Kvans for Governor. He thought
it time for a R former to step in when
a man like Irhy boasted that ho mudo
the Governor. "Who ought to make
tho Governors of South Carolina, tho
white voters or John Irhy ? '
lrby. from his seat?" Tho whito vo
ters/'
" But you said just now that you
made Kvans Governor."
lrby: "Well, I helped." (Laughter.)
McLaurin attacked him lor devising
tho OolietOD plan in order to foist
Kvans on tho people when they didn't
want him. Senator MoLaurin causud
much merriment by paraphrasing
Henry IV, substituting lrby for Pah
stall', Kvans for Prince Hal and Larry
Guntt for Pistol in the scene whore
Prince Hal becomes king and ignores
FalstulT.
Ho Luid no political daddy, lie de
clared, but he did not know before that
Editor Ball was acting in that capacity
for Col. lrby.
Mr. Ball hotly Interrupted, saying
that iio wus the political duddy of no
man and was opposed to lrby.
" Well, you are not for ine."
"That's true, too," rejoined .Mr.
Ball.
Senator McLaurin then proceeded
to severely attack 1 rby's record while
in tho Senate. Before beginning ho
explained tho terms "paired' and "voto
called."
Irby's record for tho first session of
tho Fifty-second Congress was as fol
lows : Votes taken, 80, lrby voted 1J
times, paired 10 times, not paired 00.
Tho first session of tho Fifty-third
Congress, he said, was culled to ro
pcal the purchasing clause of the Shor
man act. Senator Irby's lovo for silver
should bo seen ir. his record during
this session. There woro 40 votes
taken ; Irhy voted 10 times und did not
voto 30 J wus not paired 22 times', did
not answer to cull of Scnuto 11 culls.
Col. Irby's record for this Congress
was gono into further.
Senator McLaurin then declared:
" I urn sick looking up such a record.
Hero was a life and death struggle for
silver and absoluto indifforonco us to
its fate."
As to his absenco from tho Fifty- |
third Congress. Cel. lrby explained by
saying that ho and Senator Butler ab
sented themsolvos to break u quorum
and keep the Senate from repealing
the Sherman purchasing clause. It
was a filibustering measure Ho was
always on hand to cast his voto.
As to hit absenco from the Fifty
second Congress, Col. lrby said that
was a Presidential election yoar and
ho was at homo as State chairman
looking after tho interest of tho party.
"You all know tho Conservatlvca
didn't know thoy wero whipped, and
thoy wero planning to capture the May
convention. Tillman was running for
re. election. We wantod tho delogates
to the Chicago convention. I was sent
there, and this passing biok and for
ward accounts for much of my ab
sence." Besides, continued Col. [rby,
ho was paired on ull political questions.
On otbor questions his " pair " would
al ways ascertain by telegram how he
stood.
Senator MoLaurln again returned to
the (Congressional Lteeord. After a lit
tle he asked : " Do you want to eleel
a 11.an to the Senate to represent tho
State and then let him absent himself
t > "un all the parties of the State. ?"
irby?" I have quit that now.''
" Yes, because the people have quit
you," answered McLaurin.
Col. Irby, getting permission to in
terrupt Senator MoLaurln, jumped on
him for his altiliations with so many
parties. He again excused Iiis ab
sences from tho Senate on tho ground
of sickness and death in Iiis family.
Senator MoLaurln continued on this
aggressive line for a while longer and
then proceeded to make his usual tar I IT
speech. His speech in all lasted about
two hours. It was frequently applaud
ed and the crowd evidently favored it.
Before taking his seat, MoLaurln took
a hand primary on his tariff views.
About one-half showed their approval
by voting. It was after 2 o'clock when
Senator McLaurin had concluded. The
audience at onco began to leave tho
court house for dinner.
Then Mr. Maytield arose to speak.
Mr. Mayti Id made his characteristic
anti-dispensary speech, but in addition
said that after introducing his bill for
its abolition he had had conference
with Governor Ellerbo. The Governor
asked him to withdraw it, which he
did. Mr. Maytiold said that inasmuch
as McLaurin charged him with being
in a combination that he would say
McLaurin is the appointee of the Gov
ernor and Governor Ellerbe declared
to him (Maytield) that he would back
McLaurin with tho whole force of his
administration. Ellerbo urged him
not to run, saying they intended to
favor a new party composed of con
servative Conservatives and conserva
tive Bo formers.
Hy the time Mr. .lohn Gary Kvans'
turn to speak came around the crowd
had returned from dinner. He made
bis usual tar 1 IT sdeooh and in it severe
ly attacked McLaurin for his views.
He read favorable comments from Ke
puhlican papers. Kvans charged that
McLaurin had never been faithful to
Iiis friends. Had it not been for Mc
Laurin, ho assorted, Judge Wallace
would now be a justice on the supremo
bench. While he was w irking for him
McLaurin was knifing him for Hope,
in order to get Pope's place as Attor
ney General. When he was running
for the Senate last year McLaurin
knifed him, he declared.
McLaurin, who had just returned
from dinner, said that ho had helped
Evans in his race for the Senate. His
defeat was due to Irby having forced
him, as Governor, down the people's
throat.
Kvans declared that the lie was out
somewhere. Then McLaurin sat silent.
A lively spat ein McLaurin's vote on
the tariff bill ensued. The crowd lis
tened attentively. There was decided
eviilence of vimlictiveness towards
Kvans, while the crowd chee red Mo
Laurln at every opportunity.
When Kvans finished tho crowd be
gan to call for McLaurin. He declined,
however, to respond.
HOW TO MAKE Ii*iNI).
Farmers oan Increase Area by 10n
largliiK Production.
Practical farmer.
It is said that an English politician
who claims that "the land is the prop
erty of tho nation," recently assured
the hearers of eine of his speeches that
"we can make boots and coats, build
cathedrals, railways, canal's bridges,
tunnels, and make all the other articles
which we associate with tho necessities
of modern lift;, but no man over made
land. No man ever made an aero one
foot longer or one foot broader." Be
cause o' this difference between land
and various articles of human manu
facture the speaker claimed that a dif
ferent rule regarding ownership and
taxation should be made and enforced.
There aro a great many people in this
country, as well as abroad, who seem
to think that tho farmer has nothing
to do with the making of the land
which he owns. Among them thero
are not'a few farmers whoso practice
is in advance of their theory, but who
do not realize bow much they aro al
l ady doing in the way of making laud.
There are, also, many others who havo,
as yet, made no use of their oppo.'tuni
ties in this direction.
If the making of the land is regard
ed merely as a creation, the formation
of tho actual elements of which tho
ground is composed, we shall, of course,
be obliged to admit that the English
speaker was correct in his assertion
that "no man over made land." But if
wo take it In a broader sense, and re
gard tho matter in a practical light,
wo shall timl that, to all Intents and
purposes, man can iiiuku land. Not
only can ho convert great areas which
are < ferllowed hy rivers or seas, into
fertile soil, as has been dono in Hol
land on an extensive scale, but ho can
also, hy wise management, greatly In
crease tho productiveness of tracts al
ready under cultivation. The man who
makes Iiis farm produce twice as much
as it did at an oarlior period, has prac
tically enlarged its aroa. So, too, has
tho man who by subsolllng or draining
has deepened tho BOl 1 that he cultivates.
As Emerson said of tho farmem of Con
cord who adopted improved methods,
ho has found a farm under the one that ,
ho formerly cultivated. Tho plants |
havo a much greater surfaco from
which to obtain food and moisture. 1
Practically tho area of tho land has
been enlarged.
Then if wo tako produotlvoness in
stead of area as tho standard of moas
usomont the man who seeds bis laud to
tho best aeivantago really gains a good
deal over tho ono who does not fully
utilize tho area that ho cultivates.
Thus a man planting potatoes in hills
two feet apart and in rows tbruo feet
apart will havo about2,400 more hills
On an acre than will ono who plants in
rows of the) samo width, but who has
tho hills three foot apart in tho row.
If tho land Is in good condition to pro
duco tho crop, and fertilizers aro pro
perly used, tho closer planting should
yield as much to tho hill as the othor
and a very much largor crop will be
securud at a considerable lcwor cost
per bushel.
In tho various ways wo have mon
tlonod, and in others .vhloh will sug
gest themselves to thoughtful minds, it
bj possihlu to do what, as far as rosults
aro concernod, is equivalent to making
land. Somo ono, or more than ono, of
these methods is opon to almost every
farmer. In working out somo of these
plans not a fow farmors would find at
least a partial rollof from the burdens
which now wolgh heaviiy upon them.
And work in this direction carries a
double reward. It gives material ben
efits which can bo reckoned In dollars
and cents and also gives encourage
ment and pleasuro and an inoreaso of
montal power. The man who enters
upon any course of Improvement learns
to think hotter as truly as ho loarns
to work bottor. Thus ho not only ac
complishes muoh In the present, but ho
also qualiflesjhlmself for still more effi
cient effort in the future.
TUE TRUSTEES MAKE ANSWER.
The Conclusions ol the State Board
of Health aro Not Accepted iin to
tlio Naturr and Causes ol' the
Sickness.
Concerning tho report of Iho State
Board of Health in regard to the fever
at Clemson College, the Board of Trus
tees makes tho following statement :
"The Hoard of Trustees of Clemson
College, mindful of the important
trust in their charge, foe! called on to
make a statement for tin; information
of the people of the State in regard to
tho recent sickness at tho college and
its causes.
" We have road tho report Of tho
State Hoard of Health, and have also
had under consideration tho report of
the college surgeon, Dr. Hodfearn. In
addition to ttio light thus thrown on
the suhje(;t, we have made a personal
examination of tho college buildings
and the surrounding grounds, and we
are not satislicd at all as to tho nature
of the fever which has prevailed or as
to its cause.
" We have great respect for the
Kcientilio ability and learning of the
State Hoard of Health, hut we arc
bound to question their conclusions,
from the fact that eminent physicians
in the neighboring counties have de
clared tho fever at tho college to bo
malarial and not typhoid in its nature:
and there is grave doubt whether more
than four cases of typhoid fever have
have been at the college this year.
" The cursory and Imperfect exami
nation made by the Slate Board of
Health is shown by the fact that two
palpable errors are made in their re
port. The dairy, which they place
under tho ban as a probable cause of
disease, was not built on a pond which
had been tilled in, and there is not a
single privy on tho "surrounding
hills" above tho dairy. The water
from tho only privy in the neighbor
hood reaches tho ravine below tho
dairy. Then the statement is made,
three separate times, that the water
closets should be outside the barracks
and not insdc, and should bo "detach
ed" from tbem. In fact, tho water
closets were removed from the build
ing; more than two years ago, and they
are now detached, with an open cur
rent of air passing between. They
are reached by a latticed gallery
tlfteen feet long, and there is no pos
sibility of sewer gas getting into tho
building.
" lint we are not disposed to criti
cise tho State Hoard of Health, and
will carry out all of their recommen
dations that are possible, and loavo no
stone unturned to allay all cause of
doubt as to the proper sanitation of the
College buildings and grounds.
" Wo have never had any trouble
before, and wo anticipate none in the
future other than the usual climatic
and unavoidable diseases of the coun
try.
"Tho vacation will be changed,
and instead of being in tho winter
will be in summer, the scholastic year
beginning hereafter on the second
Wednesday in September and closing
the second Thursday In June.
" Every sui/gested or possible cause
of fever will be removed and the build
ings thoroughly disinfected and put in
good order.
" We. do not hesitate to give assur
ances that tho college will ho guarded
against a recurrence of tho trouble, if
it bo possible."
A CAUSTIC REJOINDER.
Chairman Tabor Further Exposes
the Situation at Olcmson College.
To the Editor of The istate :
In the latter par* of Juno, the com
mittee of the State board of health
woro Instructed to Investigato tho
oauso and typo of fever at Clemson,
and to report tho results to the goTor
00r. This was done and the report of
the committee whs published through
out tho State. The Register of the
10th of July contains a statement by
tho trustees of Cietnson, in which they
criticise tho report of the committee,
and while denying certain statements
made by thorn, they allh in additionally
that the examination of Clemson h
the committee had been "very cursory
and imperfect." Against professional
gentlemen, sent upon un important
mission by tho highest authority of the
State, these charges are grave, and
cannot pass unchallenged. The com*
inittoe were content to determine tho
typo of the fever, and, by request, to
make whatever suggestions they
thought host. They blamed no one,
even by insinuation, and were very
glad to be the moans, if possible, of re
lieving the ollioials of Clemson of un
pleasant embarrassment. It is to bo
greatly regretted therefore, that the
trustees failed to appreciate tho deli
cate position of the committee, and
have forced them into print in self
defence. The trustees claim that the
'? cursory and imperfect examination
made by tho State, board of health is
shown by the fact that two palpable
errors aro made in their report. Tho
dairy which they place under the ban,
as a probable cause of disease, was not
built in upend which had been lilted
in."
In reply wo beg to state, upon au
thority, that tho present site of tho
dairy had boon a bathing pond made
by the Calhouns and had been tilled in
with earth and then undordraine.d.
Our Informant even pointed out
whoro tiie dam stood. Thero could
have been no motive for ono deeply
1 Interested in tho welfare of Cl'jmson,
to have invented this statement, the
truth of which wo had neither inclina
tion, nor tho right to question. In
fact tho statement Is apparently con
firmed by tho charactor of tho soil and
its surroundings.
Tho trustees in further denial of our
report, assort, that thero "is not a
single privy on the surrounding hills
abovo tho dairy." Wo woro informed
that tho lolls wero often used for un
sanitary purposes in place of tho water
closets. This we found to be true.
On tho hill abovo, and to tho north
of tho dairy, and at tho foot of the hill
wlthlu three or four feet of tho spring,
wo found abundant oxcrementitious
matter.
This condition of tilings was really
worse than a privy on tho hilltop. On
tho opposite hill, at the hotel, thero
wero two privies?ono at tho stable,
which was visited by mysolf and Dr.
Heese, and tho othor at tho hotel,
examined by Dr. Evans. Somowhat
southeasterly from tho dairy is a
dwelling, whoro wo woro Informed,
thoro was an additional privy.
Hut more than all thoso, and how
ovor Incredible, wo found a spring
(provy V) located within tho dairy, 10
or 12 feet from tho milk and butter,
and tho room In which the. privy was
placod was filled with olTenslvo gasos.
Furthermore, from tho ground with
out tho bulidlng noxious gases wero
escaping, either from tbo pipo of tho
privy or from tho so?or, which,
strange to say, r*uns within two or thrco
feet of tho dairy.
Wo quote again from thoj trustees,
who claim that "tho statoradntls made
throe separate times that/tho Water
closets should he outside, hi tho bar
racks, and not inside, and should
ho detached from them. In fact, tho
water closets were removed from tho
buildings more than two years ago."
By substituting "but" for "and,"
as was Intended, tho sentence will be
obanged to a Blmple aillrmatlon that
water closets should not bo within the
main buildings. Tho report of tho
committee was hastily prepared and
Illegibly written, hence a number of
typographical errors appear. Tho
second time tin; statement is made
"that water olosets should he detaohed
from dwellings," has reference plainly
ami um qulvooally to private dwellings,
and the third time the statement is
used to impress the fact that water
closets should be detached from buikl
iugs. There is, therefore, no ground
for tho trustees to assume that the
committee failed to recognize that tho
water olosots wore detached from tho
barracks by a latticed gallery 1.*) feet
loiur. Tho trustees might have visited
Clemson for a game of " blind man's
bull.-' but not SO with the committee.
Hitherto the committee confined
j themselves to reporting tho sanitary
defects of Clemson, What shall they
say of its managementv Shall wo
speak of the diet, pronounced Inade
quate for students whose physical and
mental powers are taxed by an ex
hausting curriculum and by the
severity of military discipline? That
tho students are rt quired, when the
day's work is ended, to be shut up in
their rooms from an hour alter sunset
until bedtime, to swelter in a building
little superior, in sanitary arrange
ments, to the -Libby prison In Kch
mondV Shall wo tell the public how
the students have been crowded like
criminals, four in a room, bandy large
enough to all'ord breathing space for
two 'i
Shall we tell them thata deep ditch,
reeking with accumulated excreta,
was Intentionally arrested in its How
and bubjeoted to tho decomposing ac
tion of intense solar heal, and that tbe
students were kept working in the low
lands beside it, (lay by day, under the
beaming noonday sun?u meuaco to
their lives ?
Shall wo tell that the milch cows
were di' 'en daily through this poison
ed water, of which they perhaps
drank, and which must have splashed
upon their udders ? in cither instance,
enough to affect the milk injuriously ?
Shall wo tell that the forest inter
vening between this pestiferous ditch
and the barracks, tho only protection
for the students against the inrush of
poisonous effluvia, was recklessly de
stroyed ?
And that antttlcial tostifled, of Iiis
own personal experience, that the
barracks were invaded by a " horrible
stench ?"
.lust think of it! All this right
under our noses, at Clemson, which
aspires to be the brightest jewel In the
educational crown of South Carolina.
Speak not of typhoid fever at Clem
son. It cannot and must not be '. Bet
ter the horrible inscription over the
gates of Hades than that of epidemic
typhoid fever at Clemson !
Guard the secret?and let fathers
and mothers come, and after weary
days and nights of ceaseless vigil's and
with bleeding hearts, carry hack to
their homes their own dear dead.
Might we not write upon the walls
of Clomson that tho "O-sa" of igno
rance is piled on tbe " Pollou " of im
bec lllty ?
chaki.ks k. Tahkk, m. I).,
Chair. Coin. State Board of Health.
Port Motte, July 13th, 181)7.
- mm) ? ? ? -
LiK b's 1110si gx at ion.
The Confederate Commander's Letter
to Jefferson Davis Alter tho Rattle
of a ottyaburtc?
The Washington correspondent of
tho St. Louis Globe-Democrat says that
a volume of war records now in cottrso
of preparation if. tho war department
will settlo the controversy whether
Gen. Hubert E. Deo tendered his re
signatiem after the battle of Gettys
burg. The reply of Jefferson Davis de
clining to accept the resignation lias
been a matter of common information,
but the character of the letter in detail
which called oat this reply has be on a
matter of inference only until reeontly.
Tho letter of resignation of (Jen. Leo
will be first printed otllolally in a sup
plemental volume of the war records
which is now being prepared. It is
given herewith in its entirety :
Camp Orange, Aug. 8. \*r,:\.
"His Excellency JotTerson Davis, Pres
ident of the Confederate States.
"Mr. President. Your letters of July
2s and August 2 huvo been received,
and I have waited for a leisure hour to
reply, but I fear that will never como.
1 am extremely obliged to you for tho
attention given to the wants of this
army and the efforts made to supply
them. Our absentees are returning,
and I hope tiie oHi-nust and beautiful
appeal made to tho country in you"
proclamation may stir up the whole
people, and that they may sou their
duty and peform it. Nothing is wanted
but that their fortitude should equul
their bravery to insure the success of
our cause. Wo must expect reverses,
oven defeats. Thoy arc sent to teach
us wisdom and prudence, to call forth
greater energies, and to prevent our
falling into greater disasters. Our
people iiavo only to he, true and united,
to hear manfully do misfortunes inci
dent to war, and all will come right in
tho end.
"I know how prone we arc to oensuro
and how ready to biame others for tho
non-fulfillment of our expectations.
This is unbecoming in a generous peo
ple, and I griovo to see Its expression.
The general remedy for tho want of
success in a military commander is Iiis j
removal. This is natural, and In many I
instunces proper. For no matter what
may be tho ability of tho ollicor, if ho
loses tho confidence of his troops dis
aster must sooner or later onsuc.
'T huvo boon prompted by these re
flections more tiian onco since my re
turn from Pennsylvania to propose to
you excellency tho propriety of selec
ting another commander for this army.
I have seen und heard of expressions
of discontent in tho public journals nt
the result of tho expedition. I do not
knew how fur this feeling extends in
tho nrmy. My brother olllcors havo I
boon too kind to report it, und so fa?*
tho troops huvo been too generous to
exhibit it. It is fuir, however to supposo
thut it docs ex Ist, und success is so noc
ossary to us thut nothing should be
rlskod to secure lt. f thoroforo, in all
sincerity, request your excellency to
take measures to supply my place. I
do this with tho more earnestness be
causo no one is moro uwaro than myself
of my inability for tho duties of my
position. f cunnot oven accomplish
what, I myself desiro. How enn t fill
the expectations of othors? in addi
tion, I sensibly feel tho growing failure,
of my bodlly strongth. I huvo not yet
recovered from tho uttuck 1 experi
enced tbo pust spring. I am becoming
moro and moro lnoapablo of oxortlon,
and am thus provonted from making
the persounl oxuminatiotis and giving
tbo personal supervision to tbo opora
tlons in the Hold whloh I feel to bo nec
essary. I am so dull that in making
use of tho oyos of others I am frequont
. ly misled. Everything thoroforo, points
to the advantage's to be derived from a
new commander, and I the more anx
iously urge the mutter upon your ex
cellency from my belief that a younger
und ahler man than myself can readily
he Obtained. I know that ho will have
as gallant and bravo an army a>: ever
existed to second his efforts, ami it
would be the happiest day of my life
to see at its head a worthy leader?ono
that would accomplish more than I
could perform and all Unit 1 have wish
ed. I hope your excellency will at
tribute my request to tho true reason,
tiie desire to servo my country, and to
do all in my power to insure tho suc
cess of her righteous cause.
I have no complaints to make of any
one but myself. I have received noth
ing but kindness from those above me,
and the most considerate attention
from my comrades and companions in
arms To your excellency I am special
ly indebted for uniform kindness and
consideration. You bavo douo every
thing in your power to aid mo in the
work coin in itted to my charge, with
out omitting anything to promote the
general welfare. I pray ti at your ef
forts may at length be crowned with
success, and that you may long live to
enjnv the thanks of a grateful people.
"With sentiments of great esteem, I
am. very respectfully and truly yours.
* "It. 15, LKB, General."
Mr. Davis wrote, declining to accept
tho resignation, and (Jen Dee remain
ed in command until Appomatox.
THE POSITION OF THE STATE.
Governor Ellerbe Will Seize All
Liquors Where Original Packages
are Broken.
The Columbia Register, in noting
the fact that an original package store
was raided in Florence and its contents
confiscated by the constables, says :
This was the second closure of the kind \
since Judge Simonton's decision and i
indicates a determination on the part
of the Stal3 to close up these places
on the least violation of the law as laid
down by Judge Slmouton. In this
particular case it appears that tho
dealer was closed up on a mere tech
nicality. Ho was regularly an agent
of a foreign firm, but it appears that
his half pint measures were not half
(lints according to the dispensary mea
surement and iio was arrested. He
was selling in what ho called half
piuts, but because they were not up to
the us.nil dispensary measurement the
dealer was arrested for violating tho
law. From this it is soon that the
Stato Is going to take advantage of
every possible loophole and make it
as troublesome as possible to every
original package dealer.
The Governor stated in this connec
tion that lie would certainly order
seized all liquors found in any place
where tho original package had been
broken, and by original package he
said he meant the box or other cover
ing in which the bottles came. He
said that he certainly did not intend
that liquor should lie brought into the
Slate aud sold unless in original pack
ages, and by that term he means that
a certain quantity in a buttle cannot
bo taken out of a package and sohl.
In other words the Governor holds
that each bottle of liquor must lie
shipped into the State separately in
order to constitute an original pack
age, llo goes further than that and
stys that if bottles are shipped by the
cur load packed in saw-dust or paper or
any other packing that it must he sold
that way else the original package is
broken.
If this idoa is carried out then the
original package people are not going
to have any pie nie and the dispensary
will have little serious opposition. Thus
it will lie seen that every possible
technicality will be taken advantage
of by tho State In order to uphold the
monopoly of tho business. It is even
held that the order of Judge Simon
ton in the case of Moore is only a
temporary injunctior, that being all
that was asked for in tho complaint,
and that, therefore, tho Stale has
anothor chance of having tho whole
tiling reopened liefere Judge Simon
ton with the consequent delay which
always attends the settlement of any
case. It is not likely that such a point
will be taken advantage of, for it would
he a foolish waste of time and money,
hut like a drowning man every straw
is being grabbed at by the t?te.
While the original package estab
lishments aro btii j to decrease tho
profits of tho dispensary, yet tiio
figures show that tht) decrease has not
been so serious as yet, and taking them
as a crltorions as yet tho dlsponsary
ollicials are inclined to believe that
diu business is not to be seriously in
terfered with. For instance, it is
pointed out that the business lias not
only not decreased since tho lirst de
cision of Judge Slmouton. but Ii us ac
tually beon greater. Taking tho
month of June the showing is that, for
this month in MOT. 7,o.'ii crates of
liquor were shipped out as against
li.lis.") for the same month in 1800, being
a difference in favor of the present
mont h of 340 cases.
In tho matter of beer tho shipments
were XV.) and 35!!, a dilTerence in fad jr
of the month for this year of 'JO bar
rels. Taking the lirst eleven days of
tho present month tho showing is a
shipment of :i,?iOl cases of liquor for
1800| as against :t,(ltii for tho same
poriod of 1 St?7, being an Increase of
sixty-throe cases. For tho eleven days
of the month In 1800 tho beer salos
were-. .102 barrels US' against 218 for tho
same time in 1807, an increase of six
teen barrels.
These liguros aro takon by the olli
eials to be evidence of tho fact that the
original package business Is not going
to seriously hurt the dlsponsary. The
comparison for tho year IN!)7 is for a
period when tho constables wero on
joined, and when in Charleston partic
ularly, the original package stores
wore in aotlvo operation. Taki.ig this
as a criterion tho officials arc of tho
opinion that tho dispensary will bo
able to hold its own. Upon these fig
ures thoy base tho opinion that tho de
I cision is not going to materially injury
tho dlsponsary. However tho evident
intention of tho State to take advant
age of every point, no matter how
technical and far-reaching it may bo,
shows that tho Stato does not welcome
tho competition and that It will do all
it can to break it up.
? During a big thunder storm littlo
i Willie who slept up-stalrs alono, got
1 scared and called to his mother, who
i came up and asked him what ho was
frightened about. Willlo admitted
that tho thun.'or was a littlo too much
for a youngster who slept alono. "Well,
if you aro afraid," said his mothor,
"you should pray for courage." "Woll,
all right," said Willie, an idoa coming
into his head ; "suppose you stay up
hero and pray while 1 go down stairs
and Bloop with pa?" Sho didn't
stay.
? A party of St. Louis eommorionl
travolors tosavo hotel hills, bavo char
tered a railway car fitted up as a hotel
and salesroom for a 70 days trip. Forty
stops at towns will ho made and mor
' chants will come to tho oar to buy.
This Is a new wrlnklo.
BEHIND STONE WALL AT FREDERICKSBURQ.
now oi:n. t. k. it. conn kklij.
Graphic st?>>. y off the Fighting Where
Twenty-Flvo Hundred- Confeder
ates Killed and Wounded Five
Thousand Federals.
The recent demise of Mrs. Thomas
It. U. Cobb nt her home in Athens, Ga.,
recalls the tragic death of r brave
and gallant busband, Gen. T. K. it.
Cobb, on the 13th of December, 1802,
at the battle of Frederioksburg, Va.
Goneral Cobb was In command at the
most important point on Goneral I.en's
lino of battle, and his ?splendid defence
of a strategic position gained the ad
miration ol the entire army. His loss
was sincerely lamented, not only by
his own command, but throughout the
magnificent corps under Longstroct.
General Cobb was killed behind the
famous stone wall at the foot of MaryeV
Height1, where for three days his com
mand, in snow and iee, had fought one
of the fiercest battlos of the war. The
slaughter was terrific, seven or eight
thousand federals being killed or
wounded by Cobb's brlgado and the
Confederate batteries on Marye'a
Heights, while, the killed in Cobb's
brigade numbered only eighteen.
Capt. W. A. Starnes, of Atlanta, was
in Cobb's legion, and was near the. gen
eral when die was killed. Speaking of
that fateful day be said : "General
Cobb was one of the bravest, the best
and the noblest men the world has
ever known. His soldiers loved him as
a father and would have followed him
to the ends of thocarth. We bad boon
lighting three days behind the stone
wall. Tbo weather was bitter cold,
and snow and sleet had been falling
Tbo wall was several hundred yards
long and was at the foot of the heights
upon which about one hundred Confed
erate guns were planted. When tbo
Federals would move out of tbo town
upon the open lleld live linos of hattu
deep, the cannon would play upon then
with terrible slaughter. General Cobb,
behind the. stone wall, would order bis
men to reserve their lire until the Fed
erals were within easy reach.
" 'Keep cool,' ho would say. 'Keep
cool. Wait until they come up : don't
fire until the order Is gl von.1 He moved
up and down tbo line, constantly giv
ing those instructions with words of
encouragement and himself showed
absolutely no fear. On tbo last day
Charge after charge was made until the
Federals literally made breastworks of
their dead. Just before a charge some
of our men oxposed themselves and
General Cobb went to where they were
and cautioned then to he more, careful.
At that momenta shell exploded above
him. One piece struck General Cobb
in tbo thigh and be fell and bled to
death. As he was wounded the charge
advanced and the tiro became tor r I lie. 1
In the midst of the fearful battle and
as bis life blood ebbed away ho said to
those about him ! ' Hold your position,
boys: bold your position: be quiet: I'm '
all right.' Hut bo was not all right and
in a few moments be was dead. Two
of bis comrades who tried to carry him
fiom the Hold were shot ami killed.
Ho was one of the most heroic men
ever seen in battle, and one of the
coolest.'
"The brlgado behind the stone wall,"
continued Captain Starnes. "was com
posed of Cobb's legion, Phillips' legion,
the Sixteenth (ioorgia, the [Eighteenth
Georgia, and the Twenty-fourth Ceor- ,
gift."
1.1 inostkbkt's dkscription.
Goneral Uongstreot's graphic de
scription of the light boforo the stone
wail Is as follows:
In front of Marye'a Uill is a plateau,
and immediately at the base of tbo bill
there is a sunken road, known as the
telegraph road. On the side, of the
road next to the town was a stone wall,
shoulder high, against which the earth
was banked, forming an almost unap
proachable defense. It was impossible
for the troops occupying it to expose
more than a small portion of their
bodies. Behind this stone wall 1 had
placod about '2..Mill men, being all of
Gon. T. K. K. Cobb's brigade, and a
portion of the brigade of General Kor
shaw. both of McLaw's division. It
must now bo understood that the Fed
orals, to roach what appeared to be
my weakest point, would have to pass
directly over this wall, hold by Cobb's
infantry.
An idea of how well Marye'a Hill was
protected may bo obtained from the
following incident. Goo. F.. I'. Alexan
der, my engineer and superintendent
of artillery, had been placing the guns,
and in going over tho Hold with him
before the battle, I noticed an idle can
non. 1 suggested that ho place it so
as to aid in covering the plain in front of
Marye'a Hill. He answered, "General,
wo cover that ground now so well that
wo will comb it as if with a line-tooth
comb. A chicken could not live on
that Hold when wo open on it."
A little before noon, I sent orders to
all my batteries to open lire through
the street 4 or at any point where the
troops were seen about I be city, as a
diversion in favor of Jackson. This
lire began at. once to develop the work
in hand for myself. The Federal troops
filed out of the city I ke bees out of a
hive, coming In double quick march
and filling tho edge of the field in
front of Cobb. This was just whore
we had expected attack and 1 was pre
pared to moot it. As the troops massed
boforo us, they were much annoyed by
the fire of our batteries. The field was
literally packetl with federals from
tho vast number of troops that had
boon massed in the town. From the
moment of their appearance began the
most fearful oarnage. With our artil
lery from tho front, right and left tear
ing through their ranks, tho federals
j pressed forward with almost invincible
determination, maintaining their
steady steps and closing up their broken
ranks. Thus resolutely they marched
upon tbo stone fence behind where
waited tho Confederate brigade of
General (Jobb. As the Federals came
within roach of this brigade, a storm
of load was poured into their advancing
ranks and they wore swept from the
field liko chaff before tbo wind. A
cloud of smoke shut out tbo scone for a
moment, and, rising, revealed tho
shattered fragmonts recoiling from :
their gallant but hopeless charge.
The artillery still ploughed through
the ranks of tlio retreating Federals
and sought the places of concealment
into which the troops bad plunged. A
vast nuinbor wont pell-mell Into an old
railroad cut, to osoape Uro from the
right and front. A battery on Leo's
Hill saw this and turned its iiro into
the ontlro length of the cut, and tbo
shells began to pour down upon tbo
j Federals with the most frightful de
struction. They found their position
of refuge moro uncomfortahlo than the
Hold of tho a ? null.
Thus tho right grand division of the
Army of the l'otoinac found i'solf re
pulsed and shattered on its first at
tempt to drlvo us from Maryo's Hill.
Hardly was this attack olT the Hold
whon wo saw tho dotormlned Federals
again filing out of Frcderioksburg and
proparlng for anothor ohargo. Tho
Confederates under Cobb reserved
their fire und quietly awaited the ap
proach of the enemy. The Federals
oame nearer than before, hut were
forced to retire before the well-directed
guns of Cobb's brigade and the lire of
the artillery Oil the heights. By that
time the Held in front Of Cobb was
thickly strewn with tho dead und dy
ing Federals, but again they formed
with desperate courage ar.d renewed
the attack and were again driven oil.
At each attack the slaughter was so
great that by tho time the third at
tack was repulsod, the ground was so
thickly strewn with dead that the
bodies seriously impeded the approach
of the Federals. Genoral I. e. who
was with me on Lee's Hill, became un
easy when ho saw the attacks so
promptly renewed and pushed forward
with such persistence, and feared the
Federals might break through our line.
After the third charge he. said to me :
"General, they are massing very
heavily and will break your line, 1 am
afraid." "General," I replied, ,-if you
put every man now on the other side
of the Potomac on that held to ap
proach me over the same line, anil give
me plenty of ammunition, 1 will kill
them all boforo they reach my line.
Look to your right; you aru in some
danger there, hut not on my lino."
I think the fourth time the Federals
came, agalhant fellow reached within
one hundred feet of Cobb's position and
then fell. Close behind him came some
few scattering 'ones, but they were
either killed or tied from certaiu death.
This charge was the only i ffort that
looked like any real danger to Cobb.
and after it was repulsed I felt no ap
prehension, assuring myself that there
was enough of the dead Federals on
the held to trlve me half the battle.
The anxiety shown by General Leo,
however, induced me to bring up two
or three brigades, to be on hand, and
Goneral Kershaw was ordered, with
the remainder of his brigade, down to
the stone wall, hut rather to carry am
munition than <:s a reinforcement, for
Cobb. Kershaw dashed down the de
clivity in time to succeed Cobb, who
fell from u wound in the thigh, and
lied in a few minutes from loss of
blood.
A fifth time the Federals formed and
charged .and were repulsed. A sixth
time they charge'd and were driven
back, when night came to end the fear
ful carnago, and the Federals with
drew, leaving tho battle-field literally
heaped with the bodies of their dead.
He fore tho well-directed lire of Cobb's
brigade, tho Federals had fallen like
the sten ly dripping of rain from tho
eaves of a house. Our musketry alone
had kill oil and wounded at least 5,000;
and these, with the slaughter by the
artillery, left over 7,000 killed aud
wounded before the foot of .Marye's
Hill. The dead were piled sometimes
three deep, and when morning broke,
the spectacle that we saw upon the
battle field was one of tho most dis
tressing- I ever witnessed. Tho
charges had been desperate anil bloody,
but utterly hopeless. I thought, as 1
saw the Federals come again and again
to their death, that they deserved suc
cess if courage and daring could en
title soldiers to victory.
CLEMSON COLtiEGR
Tito Last OOiolul Keport of Presi
dent Craiglioad.
The following is the linal report of
PresidentCraighoad, who has recently
resigned the presidency of Clemson :
To the Hoard of Trustees: In view
of my resignation which has been ten
dered you. through the president of tho
board, I have, thought it not amiss
brlctly to summarize the work of the
past four years. The enrollment has
been as follows. |s'.i?.:;, 741); 181)4-5,
r>(i:i; 1805-0, II I: 1800-7, 110.
The enrollment of students during
the Hrst twoyoars was abnormally large
by reason of the fact that many stu
dents came here out of mere curiosity
anil being without fixed purpose boon
left. Atjuin, few of tho departments at
that time wi re adequately (.quipped,
thi! barracks at times over-crowded,
four cadets frequently occupying the
same room, proiossors ami students un
acquainted with each other and thus,
it is probablo, that students seriously
inclined left disappointed. At any rate.
the average attendance during the 11 rat
two yours was scarcely greater than
during tho past two. During the year
just closed, the average attendance has
been about three hunilred, all the rooms
of the barracks occupied most of the
time, two boys to tin1 room. The cadets
who now conic here have for the. most
part serious purpose and the popularity
ol the institution rests upon a much
more solid basis than ever before. Clem
son is still I lie largost schot I of the kind
in the South. We are far better pre
pared for thorough work than ever be
fore.
The mechanical, department is al
ready as well equipped as similar de
partments in the oldest and liest South
ern agricultural and mechanical col
leges. There is reason t.? believe that
the department may be made the poly
technic school of the South, giving not
only practical instruction in the mo
ohanio arts, hut excellent courses in
oivll, electrical and mechanical engin
eering.
The department of chemistry has all |
aiong been admirably conducted, few
institutions olTor better opportunities
for the st udy of chemistry.
Tho departments of horticulture,
botany, veterinary science, dairying,
geology and mineralogy otTer excellent
opportunities for instruction both prac
tical and theoretical. The academic
department, inolud i Oft mathematics,
English and history. GlTors courses as
extensive as can he in the time all' ..
cd.
The agricultural department has suf
fere.it from frequentchangOS. The chair
of agriculture in a Southern school is
hard to fill. It calls for a man who
DOSSOSSOS not only scientific training,
but practical know ledge of the details
of the farm, ability to teach, and the
power to inspire others with a love; of
agricultural pursuits. Such a man was
the late I'rof. McOoC, but his untimely
death left the chair of agriculture va
cant. Tno present inoumbont. Dr. VV.
.). <A> lick, has suffered from serious ill
ness during the past sossiou and thus
the work of the department has been
greatly impeded. Hence, for reascris
beyond my control this department has
not met the reasonable expectations of
Its friends.
i'he preparatory department has
been and still is a necessity nero. I
have all along boon of the opinion that
only the most successful and experi
enced teachers should be employed in
the training school. Bright young
graduates may, as tutors, render valua
ble assistance tO COllogo professors, but
the fittingBOhOOl demands tho very boat
teaching talent.
The library contains several volumes
and is daily opem d to cadets.
I submit herewith the financial state
ments of tho professors in tho several
departments.
Tho work of holding farmors Insti
tutes has boon constantly growing in
magnitudo and interest. Institutes
j have already been held at tho follow
ing piacos: GreerSj Gaffney, Fairviow,
Johnstop, McColl,. Seneca, and Wlnns
boro< Engagements havo boon made
for holding institutes in the following
counties at an early day ! Orangeburg,
' Darlington. Marion, Kcrshaw, York,
Chester, Uarnw_ll, Saluda, Nowhorry,
Lexington, Union, Colloton, Anderson,
Abbe vi llo.
The work of tho session just closed
bus been most suncessful. Tho aver*
; age attendance of students has boon
better than ever before. The health
' of the students until the recent OUt*
1 break of malarial fever has been excel
lent. The deportment of cadets has
been admirable, None have been ex
pelled and but few dismissed. Tho
faculty is composed of able, energetic
mon and work harmoniously together.
In conclusion it allordu me great
pleasure to thank most .sincerely tho
members of the board who have sup
S ported mo so loyally during the past
four years and wish for Cleinsou tho
largest possible success.
TUE WEATHER AND CROPS.
Valuable Information to Those Inter:
eHtetl in Par nit UK operations.
The following is the weekly bulletin
Issued by the weather bureau in Co
lumbia as to the condition of the crops
In thin State :
COIAJMHIA, S. C, July 13, 1S?>7.
The lirst part of tho week was above
the normal the last part hi low, aud the
average temperature of ol places re
porting weekly means was Si while
the uormal for the week is approxi
mately s2. The maximum for tho
week was 100 on the Ith at Poverty
lllll, Dock mil, and G re en wood, on the
5th at Liberty ; the minimum was tili
on the 10 th nt Cheraw.
The rainfall for tho week came in
the form of local showers, quite gen
eral on the Ith and vth and scattered
during the. remainder of the week.
Some few places did not receive enough
rain while some received too much,
with washing rains in Dairlield, Harn
well and Edgetlold, but on the whole,
there is BUillcient moisture for tho
present need of crops. Eighteen places
reported weekly measurements of less
than I inch : 10 from 1 to 2 inches; l.'i
from 2 to -l Inches; 3 over inches
with a maximum fall of 7.20 at Oak
land. The average of these ?o meas
urements is 1.50 while tho normal is
about 1.20.
Hail fell, to the injury of crops, in
Chester, Anderson, Harnwell and Clar
endon.
The amount of sunshine varied great
ly. The estimated percentage of the
possible ranged from 1 1 to vs, with
about a normal percentage as the aver
ago for the State.
Crops are In good condition and grow
ing well. This is the tenor of most of
the correspondent's reports for tho
week. The exceptions relate mainly
to excessive rains in portions of Berke
ley, Chester, Clarendon, I'airfield,
Kichland, Orangehurg, Hurry, Hamp
ton and Harnwell, while In spots over
the central and western counties more
rain would prove beneficial. Laying
hy of crops was hindered by heavy
rains, and grass is threatening many
tields although no harm has as yet
been done. On the whole, crop pros
pects are decidedly bolter than at any
time during the season, except for such
as are matured or ripening including
peaches which are rotting badly, and
melons which are inferior.
The greater portion of the corn crop
is being laid by greatly hnpoved by tho
recent lains. Sonic fields that wero
badly parched by the previous hot, dry
weather are revived and look promis
ing. Early corn is abontall in silk and
tassel, but the stalks arc low and gen
erally small. It is liring in Berkeley,
due to excess of moisture, and also in
Darlington. Chinch bugs continue
to damage it In Chester and York.
Late corn without exception is in lino
condition.
Cotton continues to improve in most
sections. Tne exceptions aro portions
of Berkeley, Sumter and Hampton
where it is too wet and the plant has
begun to shed its fruit, it is yellow in
Barnwoll. Cotton made rapid growth
and fruited heavily during the week.
Half-grown bolls are numerous in the
eastern counties. Fields aro beginning
to show up grassy in places ami some
will he laid by in foul condition. Some
cotton has already been laid by. Tho
condition of the plant is very promis
ing over tho entire State and in por
tions of Orangehurg as line as ever
seen. Sea-Island cotton is growing
vigorously, fruiting heavily, and no
ad verso conditions whatever noted.
Dice continues to maintain its ex
cellent condition, but sustained some
injury from caterpillars in Hamilton.
Upland rice notdoing well in Williams
burg.
Svvcet potato draws still being trans
planted and are doing well evcry
w here.
Pastures revived and afford good
grazing generally. Crass for bay,
making rapid growth.
Tobacco cutting and curing making
favorable progress. Tho reports on
tobacco vary greatly, indicating a lack
of uniformity In condition. Many re
port it poor, some about an average,
and a few an excellent crop both as to
yield and quality.
Melons are ripening and shipments
are heavy. Tho size ami quality of
early melons an somewhat inferior
but later growth are more promising.
Grapes continue to rot badly. Thoy
are ripening ami being shipped from
the southeast, rn counties. Scupper- ?,
nong vinos are heavily fruited and tho
fruit in healthy condition.
Prom the national bulletin of July
6th :
" Cotton needing rain over tho
greater part of the cotton belt, more,
particularly the southern portions.
The eron Is, however, generally clean
anfl fruiting well. In southern Toxaa
bolls arc beginning to open.
" In the principal corn States of tho
central valleys, corn made rapid
growth, but in the Southern States it
is suffering for ram, in some sections
seriously."
J. W. BAU KU, Director.,
A DlSCOUKAOrU) DltUMMHit.? Prank
U almond, a Chicago drummer, ox
plains why ho didn't toll anything to
reporters any more. " Well, once when
I was in a hotel at Cleveland a tola
gram reached mo stating that my
brother, who worked in the lumber
woods of Forest county, Ponn., had
met with a fatal accident while trying
to roll a log with a cant-hook. A. re
porter inquired of me concerning the
accident as I was leaving, and when I
returned a few days later I saw in an
old paper tho statement that my
brother had boon fatally injured by a
moon y co...
?' What under the starry canopy put
such an idea into your hoad V" I. said
to the reporter next morning.
" 'Well,' he replied, 'you said ho had
been injured in some way by a cant
hook, and tho only thing I can thjnk of
that can't book h> a mooloy cow.''.
?Uncommon fractions : " I seo that
I Skiodollar is advertising his goods' for'
salo for a ' fraction of tholr ro?l
I value.'" "Yob, about olght-flfths, f
guess."