Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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HUMAN TACKLLS [HE GAR TRUST. AN INVISSTIG ITION IDISMANDBD. The Senator from M'ii Carolina Shakos up the Huj*< Senators in Lively I 'a ill ion 11 makes No Charges, hut dives kinajcliifc Kvl ?lenee AgiiiiiHi Senats. WASHINGTON, May a?Once again is the Senate going to ajcmpt thosolu tion of the sugar trust*roblom. Oneo again is the ealjurn light <if a Senate investigation toje thrown upon the mysterious methoij Otuployod by the sugar trust in its Opt ml of tarilT legislation. Once again will an ebrt he made to Hud out whether thoroi truth in the newspaper charge thatptpators have been speculating in siga- and other stocks, end if so, who tie S-mators are. The fiery Tlllinan starte the thing going this aftornoon. 'illman had given Indication of his puroso to "say something." A id that wa enough to draw a orowd to the galleios. What he did sh" wu, t./ those wo enjoy tho draraath worth listening.*. Tilll.i talks in tho Soate like he talks on tho stump in Sofh Carolina. Ho does not mince words o juggle with high sounding phrusos. lo is blunt, emphatio, forceful, and (day he made tho most sonsatlonal *pcch which tho Senate has had in monthi For himself ho made uodmrgos. At the outset ho disclaimed i knowledge of the truth of tho insiuations and charges which have foud lodgment in tho publlo press. But iesecharges, involving Senators and mmbers of a Senate committee, had ten made in newspapers of prominenc?and over tho signatures of correspondots of repute. Ho had those charges red. Oao was that Senator Smith, of No-Jersey, had speculated in sugar. Anther was that a broker had the Scnatesugur sched ule in his hands a day, aid more, bo fore it was reported to th Senate and became public property, md the infer ence, if not the direct cbrge, was that somo mombor of tho K'-iubiicau sub committee must have given it out. There were other stores of the In fluence brought to bear on tho tariff makers in tho interests (f the trust. TU I man declared that hose charges should bo investigated, and he went further. He talked of tie former in vestigation and said the whole thing should be taken up. He tJsclaimod any politics, but declared tenanted Demo crats as well as Republicans investiga ted? all who fell under tie ban. Aldrich replied for Ibis committeo, making a strong, straif btf or ward, vig orous denial. He courted an Investiga tion. The eharges are sue! that they can not be ignored. Thare Is a fooling among Senators that such an investi gation cannot possibly avail anything, that so far as practical results are con cerned, It can avail nothing, even in view of tho recent decision of tho su preme court in the Chtinman case ; but it is hound to come. Senator Tillman's speech was no loss dramatic in its delivery than sensa tional in its allegations. Ho preceded it by presenting a resolution for the ap pointment of a special committee of live Senators to investigate charges of spot illation by Senators while tho tar 1 IT bill was before tho llnance committee. In advocating the resolution Mr. Till man threw aside tho usual convention alities of the Senate ami with a plain ness of sncech seldom heard about the balls of Congress called on his asso ciates to investigate tho published eharges of Senatorial speculation, and if t o y were found to be truo to purge the Senate of those who debauched it. Tho Senator had published articles read from the desk stating that Sena tors had recently made largo sums of money in speculating in sugar stock and in one instance the namo of a Sena tor was mentioned. Mr. Tillman spoke for nearly an hour, every line of his speech being punctuated with intense invective. The Tillman resolution was referred to the committee on contingent ex penses of the Senate. TILLMAN FOLLOWED THE TAHIKK. Considerable progress was mado on the tarilT bill, thirteen pages being cov ered, Several votes were taken dur ing the day, but the finance committeo had a liberal majority in every instance. The Democratic members of tho finance committeo mado a strong effort to re duce tho rates on window glas?, but thoir amendments to this effect were defeated. Mr. Tillman rose to a question of privilege and presented a resolution for another sugar investigation. Tho res olution, omitting tho preamble, is as follows : "Resolved, That a committee of llvo ho appointed with power to send for persons and papers, to employ a stono grapher and to administer oaths, to in quiro into tho truth or falsehood of tho eharges mado In May, 1894, and into tho charges recently mado; and tho scope of tho investigation shall cover everything embraced in tho resolution of May 17, 1894, as well as the methods pursued by tho American Sugar Re fining Company, bettor known as tho sugar trust, In controlling legislation In its favor at tho present time. Espe cially whether it has in any wise con tributed to, or controlled tho election of a Senator In this body at any time." Mr. Fryo, who was in the chair, owing to tho absenco of Vice President Hobart, promptly rulod that the reso lution should go to the committeo on contingent expenses. Hut Mr. Tillman was not to be stopped. Ho asked eon sent to make a statement on tho resolu tion, and this being granted, tho South Carolina Senator began a speech which proved to bo ono of the most sensational the Senato has hoard In recent years. Mr. Tillman spoko with his charac teristic vigor of volco, which fairly rang through tho chamber and oorrl dors, adding expressive gestures to his utterances. "Wo havo arrivod at a time," ho de clared, "whon the Senato can no long er afford to rest under tho damning ac cusations mado against Senators. If ther ? are mon here dobaucblng tho Senate, then we should bo purged of them, if theso reports aro slanders, then tho press galleries should bo purged. Wo cannot afford to lay back on our dignity any longer and say wo will not investigate." Both parties were face to foco with this f-candal, ho said. It would bo re called, he said, that it was charged that Presldont Cleveland met tho sugar magnates and diRoussod the details of the sehedulo of the now ponding tariff bill. Thoro was nothing to foaton that "damning accusation on the Prosldont," Mr. Tillman said, but Senator Jones, of Arkansas, had recently furnished ovl denco to the effect that the Presldont toldihlm the trust should have a quar ter of ja cent per pound. Mr. Jones quickly arose at this ref erence to him. On one or two ocoa slons, ho explained, Mr. Cleveland had said to him that he thought the l cont on raw sugar was neoesoary for tho American refiners and that a 1 oont rate would drive the refiners out of business. 1 * Proceeding, Mr. Tilluian said it : might be Mr. Cleveland desired to oar 1 ry outa bargain. He (Tillman) did not j say thin was the oaso. Hut was it the ease? If iio (the President) did tuis the Senate ought to nod it out. Mr. Gray, of Delaware, chairman of the former sugar Investigating com mittee, interrupted. The statement, be said, that a sugar senedulo bau boon made upon Mr. Benedicts yacht, when the President was on board with re liners of the t>ugar trust, was not true ami its falsity had been established after the committee bad probed the statement to the bottom. Both Mr. Ravemeyor and Mr. Suarles had testi tied that nosuoh meeting ever occurred and that they never met Mr. Cleve land. Mr. Till man began to speak of Mr. Chapman '"who was now living like a little king in the district jail," Mr. PettUS, of Alabama, interrupted i at this staue. "1 will ask the Senator," said Mr. PettUS, "not to dual in gener alities. If bo desires to put a mark on a Senator or. this Hour, then I demand that ho do it and not Indulge in gener alities against all the members of the Sonate. "That Is what I want an Inquiry for ?to mark these motif" responded Mr. Tillman. "1 want them marked and I do not want the poor man to sulTer while tho millionaires are turned loose. I know there are charges that men have bought and sold, and are we to sit ?julol ly P The Senator (1'ottu.-) is a new comer here, and he, of course, is not a partloeps orimlnls. It was for that reason, Mr. PettUS de clared, that be made bis demand. True and honorable men should not have to sit hero and have a slur cast on them by generalized statements. I "Why don't you wait for the res- >f my speech ?" asked Mr. Tillman Ol Mr. I'ettus. "Now no one denies," Mr. Tillman went on, "that for th'j last two months rooms at the Aldington have been oc cupied by the finance committee In easy touch with the telephone to New York and in easy reach of agents of the sugar trnst.'' Why was it the sugar trust cleared $25,000,000 In three years? They had cleared it, lie added, at the expense of every cup of tea and coffee drunk throughout the country. It was the Republican party who did it first. It was the Democratic party who did it In 18t)4. "And now," ho proceeded, "with a disgraced anil demoralized Democratic party out of power and the Republicans in charge we have another evidence of the sugar tnut's power." Mr. Tilluian said ho would now pre sent specifications. Lie sent to the desk and bad read a number of signed arti cles in the newspapers of New York, Chicago and elsewhere, making serious charges against Senators. Toe names | of Individual Senators woro mentioned for tho lirsl time. The first article read from tho desk began with "Smith ahead on sugar" and spoke of the Now Jersoy Senator's ! selling (>,O0O shares of sugar stock, short, at a profit of $.1,000. Mr. Smith was not In the chain her at the time. Then followed the reading of many othor articles making intima tions and charges of speculation and j irregu 'arit j. Mr. Tillman carried on u running comment ?s the reading proceeded, i speaking britlly after each article. "If any Man had been inlluenced in the mannt r charged," the Senator as serted, "he was no bettor than the black leg gambler who had curds up his sleeve. Stich a man should be made to hang his bead in shame if bis col leagues allowed him to remain in tho Senate." Another article road from the desk spoke of the "large profits to Sena tors," and estimated that 0,000 shares of sugar Mock had been handled the day beforti for three Senators. He suit! it was about the time those specific charges, most of them sigti jd, with toe names of the authors, should be probed. There should be no mixture of the tdd investigation with the now one. Let tliem stand apart, he said. "LetUS not mix tho Dcmooratio .sheep with the Republican goals, but lot's have a fumigation." It was not u time when Senators should sit hero apparently silenced by cowardice or corruption. The Repub licans hud r0Cfclved|the recent campaign i contributions from "the octopus," ho said, and it should be Drought to the light before the American people. If this "gang of thieves and robbers" wore to have all thoy wanted, then let the American laboring men realize what a glorious Senato represented them at Washington, In conclusion, Mr, Tillman reiterated that if the Senate is rotten to tho bot tom, it should be proved. If these charges were false, then the lio should be laid bare. If the charges were true, thon, ho said, the guilty Senators should he turned out and tho Senate purged. Mr, Aldrich, Republican menibor of the finance committee, und in charge of the turiff bill, took the| floor' us Mr. Tillmun closed. Ho stepped forwurd from his reur seat and spoko calmly und deliberately, but with Intenso ear nestness, Mr. Aldrich said that no living per son outside of the members of the com mittee, had any information as to the Hubject until two days before it was re ported. Then the Senator from Neva du (.lonog) hnd been ehuwu the sched ule. This was only thirty-six hours be fore the report of tho bill. No human being beyond this had received tho slightest Information. "And any man who says so, or Inti mates so," added Mr. Aldrich, "de serves to bo denounced in a way which would not be purliumentary hero." Mr. Tillman interrupted to say that ho hadn't mudo the charges; he had merely submitted tho statements now circulated beforo tho pubiio with tho author's numo signed. Those writers hud tho right to accuso tho financo commlttoo, if they could prove their statements ; 'and you submit to it?" ho said, addressing Mr. Aldrich. The latter, proceeding, said the full est investigation was courted; there was nothing to concert. Without furthor dobato, tho resolu tion was roferred to tho committee on contingent expenses. ^ ? ? . tm - The lord chancellor of Groat Britain, who keens the great seal" in his pos session, Is tho only member of tho English cabinet who may not. ho al lowed to go outside Groat Britain. The Seali which is a double sllvor die irto which molten wax Is poured when an Impression Is needed for a stato dnoument was onco used as a culinary utensil. Once Lord Chancellor B^ough man was visiting at tho Scottish home of tho then dowager duchess of Bed ford, and the ladles of tho party throw him Into great distress by stealing tho valuable seal. The fair creatures finally relented so far as to blindfold the august gentleman and leading him to the drawing room, bade him searoh. Finally he drow forth the lost article from a teaohost, and to celebrate Its recovery, used It for making pancakos la tho kitchen. [HE ROW ON I HE COLLEGE CAMPUS, UK.N. WAT I'M MIRKS A ttl'AI'lv MF.NT. President Woodrow Ve*jr I'lalaly Speaks His Mind?An Investtga (ton Will be Made. The POW on the campus of the South < Carolina College, which took place on I tin-. 28th of May, has attracted a good 'deal of attention, Adjutant General 1 Watts at first diclireu to make any j statement in regard to tho a Hair, hut afterwards doomed it his duty to give the facts in the case, and let the public pa?ti its own judgiuout. After stating that a death in tu? family hud caused the inspection to ho enanged from the litith to the 2-stli of May, he says : 1 saw Col. Wille Jonen, who wus the eolcnel of tho second regiment of in j fan try, and who would ho in command ' on this occasion, tho morning of tho : UStii at the Carolina National hunk. ! lie told me that the inspection would ' ho held at tho usual place, the grounds ? in charge of the college, which are ? used hy tno students for athletic pur l poses (the. time uud plueo of any inspec tion is generally left to the command ine officer). Col. Jones told me to lake I my positiou iu front of tue stand, which j was erect d for ladies to occupy in or I dor that they could witness the games I that uro usually played on these I grounds. The battalion was formed > und the Usual lint; of march wus taken. As I reached the COllogO grounds I pro I ceeded to tako my positiou, indicated j by Col. Jones, but wa i Informed by Mr. i nagood, oue of the students, that u j mulch game of bull wus in progress, I uud hoped that I would not Interfere, i or words ,lo that effect. I then rode from tue hall grounds and was spoken I.) by lJrof. Sloan. He informed mo that the hoys hud permission to pluy ) bull on tue grounds und tbut u mutch game was in progress. I replied to him tnut 1 had uo desire to interfere with the game, but thul 1 had been inform ed by Col. Jones that ho hud permis sion from the president to have tho in spection on the grounds. 1 then took my positiou on the loft of the ball grounds und did not think lliut I wus in any way interfering w in tho game of ball, as no opposition was raised us to my position. The review und inspec tion wus then started, und everything wus going on very smoothly until the battalion was passing in review, when a bail was knoeki d, and us oue of tho players was running ?fter it he run in to Capt. Bateman ami knocked oil his cup, the crowd then began to cheer, the buttulion moved on mid nothing wus thought of this incident. The bat talion then proceeded with their field movements; and us they wera inarch ing past the LnspoOting officer 1 re quested a policeman to move hack some of the parties who wore in tho lino of march, which ho did without any trouble. At this time 1 wus stationed to the left of the bull grounds, and us fur us I thought was not in any way COnQtoting with the game of ball. It has been stated tbut at this time u bull wus knocked over in that direction and struck a horse of a memberol my ?t.ilT. I knev nothing of the incident. About this time the marshal of the. college came to me. followed by u crowd of stu dents und ball players, und stated that the boys had permission to play on tho ball grounds. I told him I had noth ing to say us to that, but only knew that Colonel Jones told me that he had written permission from the president of the college to huvo the inspection on the grounds. 1 then r< quested the policeman to keep the crowd back, and he tried to do so. The crowd refused to go back and began to defy and abuse the policeman, who blew his whistle for his colleague who was on another part of the groti ids, but Still tho crowd would not move back and continued to defy the policeman. 1 turned round und spoke to the crowd und asked them to move back, but my request was treated iu the sumo manner us tbut of the policemen. 1 saw there was going to be trouble between the policemen and tho crowd, for by this time they had become very mucn excited, and seeing that a conflict was inevitable, I considered the best solution of tno dif ficulty would be to have the battalion marched forward, press back the crowd to the street, thereby rendering uny further eonllict possible nutween the students und tho policemen. At tho time there wus no game Of bull going on. I then guvo Colonel Jones tho or der to move bis command forward, which ho did. The men advanced "at right shoulder arms," and tnere was DO order to "charge," us bus been stated. The troops advanced very Steudily und the majority of the crowd moved back, but three or four students broke through the line, near whore the colors were, and tho policemen at tempted to interfere. Tho battalion moved on to the front, leaving the po licemen and those students iu the rear. Then a general encounter took place between tho students und the police men. These are tbo plain, unvarnished fucts in the ease, notwithstanding the repeated rumors that have been circu lated, many of which have boon absurd in tho extreme. j. Gary Watts, Adjutant und Inspector General. DR. WOODROW'S STATEMENT. Tho president, Dr. James Woodrow, wus absent from tbo city when the row took place, und on his return ho made ! an address to tho students, which is roportod as follows by The State : "I did not hear, until yesterday, when 1 was in Alabama, a word about tho troubles through which you have boon passing, and then only enough to (ill mo with deep anxiety and suspenso. Not until I reached Soartanburg did I learn tho facts that reveulod to mo, with soino clearness, what you have sutTored auu endured. "I have learned morn fully slnco reaching homo?I havo not learned all. I have Jiad no conversation with my colleagues. 1 know not what they havo done or propose to do. Hut 1 do know that a llagrunl and outrugeous wrong has bcon dono to the authorities und students of tho South Carolinu College. "Tho more I understand tho faets, tho more astounded and indignuntdo I feel. "These collego buildings und grounds are as sucred from outside intrusion and Invasion uu are the premises of a private citizen. Tho State maintains this institution with all that makes It what It is for ono solo and oxclusive purpose?tho education of hor sons and daughters. Tho use and control of all its property aro regulated by taw. Tho udministrution of its atTuirs is commit ted to officers appointed by law to use and control Its property for tho solo purpose for which it wus founded and Is maintained. No one can lawfully usu any of tho collego grounds or balldings without tho eonsont of tho authority charged with thnir caro and control. "W6 aro glad to permit and Invlto tho presenoo of our fellow-cltl/ons to our puhlio exorolaes In our grounds and i buildings. We wolcomo with ploasure i our peoplo as guests and vlsltora when they deport themselves properly and ? Ii? nut inlet furc with tu? won'."" du Mu? ol faculty or student*. ).? thu 0 >1U g'\ authorities can ? j 1 havf ejected l?y fdic/, 1f ' iVeed? "'? . "a.y i wnu cuuuu dlMWoor or trespa upon ' tho light? of our students OfT^profes 8or?. "I am amazed to hear the claim : 'This is State property, und cat) b used i by outsiders at their discretion, re* ; gurdh-ss of the wishes and rie 's of SttldontS and college 'Offtoers Tho J claim is false when applied > our grounds and buildings as it wi ild be if applied to the governor's fthuKlon, the hospital for the Insane, or wen to the Slate treasury. "I can scarcely lind words to xpi ? I I my indignation that one hitfh iu au thority should justify tho outrageous I wrong done you and tue pr?> assors , within the precincts as sacrodl) yours, I as students, as the homes i)L ? )tir fathers. | "Before I saving home 1 gave 'nds I sloe to Colonel Jones, iu respons to his request, to hold the inspection : May 20th on the college athktio Ii. ?, ex I pressly stipulating that the l-Qoops ; should keep on the east end of ? H ild so as not to roughen yourbali .. ? id. i This restriction was uxptossed . the ! politest terms 1 could employ. Ii 1(1 ! not think peromptory and curt ?uders necessary, fur in my Intercourse with soldiers 1 have always found them to be gentlemen. Hut instead o' using i the part of tho grounds specified, on the day named, the parade occurred two days afterward?without notice being previously given to the college authorities. ?'When the troops arrived you wo-o playing a game of ball with your guests, the city team, under tho permission of the president pro tem. "And what occurred V l need net ro count tho elTorts made by your ball team officers, tho president pro tu u., Professor Sloan and the college mar shal to protect you in your rights to your own ground and lawful sport. "My blood bolls within mo as l think of the indignity with which you were treated. Our hospitality was abused. Ar mod troops and police were moved against you to sweep you from your own Meld. In their efforts to protect your rights and persons your acting president was insulted, ouoof your pro fessors was brutally struck and wmind ed in tiio head, one of your number had bis skull cracked. (Cod grant OUT pruyers for bis complete recovery.) Several of your comrades woro severe ly struck. Your lives were endan gered by the lire of a deadly weapon, rilles and gloaming bayonets menaced* you, trampling horses threatened you. "All this occasioned when you were where you had a right to be ami wero doing what you had a right to do. It was caused by persons high in author ity coining on your ground.-, where they had no right, and unlawfully in terfering with your lawful exercise. "Absence of Indignation at the bru tality to which you wore subjected would he unmanly and unworthy of South Carolinians. "I have spoken with the feeling that you are entitled to, my expression of regard and sympathy, and to assure you that your rights and Interests are dear to my heart; that my heart and those of my colleagues are' one In the purpose to do our duty in your care and protection. "The rights of tho South Ca nlinu College must and shall bu maiutairieU." The applause that followed the doe tor's manly speech attested tho satis faction of the students anil professors. THUS AN 1> K K -> O N VI Lb tri PRISON. The Battles Fought Over ibis His toric Prison Long Aller lllrt War Ended' Thu Andersonville prison, which was located in Southern Georgia, has caus ed more talk than any other Confeder ate place ol confinement. In ali there wore -ID, OUO prisoners who passed through that enclosure, and it is stated that 12,000 tiled. It has gene rally been compared to the Federal prison at El mlta, N Y., where a greater proportion perisheu. Tho mortality among pris oners of war on both sides of the groat coiillict was very great. Of 220,000 taken by the Federals and eon lined in Northern prisons, 20,000 died. Of 270 - 000 liken Oy the Con feu orates and con tincd in Southern prisons, 22 Odd died The worst experiences of all Suutnern prisons were those at Andersonville. The horrors oi war were then aggrava ted by tho fact that medioiuo could not he bad. It bad been made con traband of war by the Federal govern ment, ami all hut home made medicine had to come in through the biockade. To relieve this situation the Confed erate government asked for an ex change, but it was broken In Itfli.'l, uiu> all i tTorts to get a new cartel wero futile. When Alexander H. Stephens, vice president of tho Confederacy, on board a torpedo boat in .lames river, sent through the Union admiral at Hampton Heads a request for a con ference, anil an opportunity to deliver a communication out President l) ivis proposing a cartel for exchange, thu answer came back from Gideon Wells, acting secretary of the navy, that the proposition could not be entertained. Tili? was the fixed policy of the Federal government after the early part of 1802, and General Grant gave the rea son for it. Ho saitl that the Confeder ates exchanged would bo forcod back into i he 1 nie-?, whoretisthose lihoraled from Southern prisons, when they got h e:k home, would take a furlough, and , half of thein would nevor return to the | army. Fxohutigo, he said, would rein force tho Confederate armies, oauso ! tho dofeat of Sherman, and prolong tho war, which would bo a greater hardship on time who wore lighting the (buttles of the Union thun confine ment wus to those who wero in South ern prisons. Fulling to get a renowul of the cartel for exchange, tho Cmfodorat.? govern ment asked tho Federal government tu send fur tho sick an.I wnundod Federal soldiers confined in the South ern prisons. This wus done in August, 1801, und it was not until December t.nat tl.o ships sent for this purposo reuched Suvunnub. Duriag I ho four or livo months intervening betwoon those dutes the greatest mortality oc curred at Andersonville. By law of the Confederate Congress, tho prison ers of war received tho same rations as the Confederate soldiers, und whon Leo's army was ragged, barefoot and half starved In front of Richmond, the Federal soldiers confined in Southern prisons, felt the same hardships, but those who had money wore allowed to buy provisions. Being unused to tho Oil mate and deprossed by homesick ness and suspense, they wero an easy prey to disease, and the lack of medi cines mado It impossible for Confeder ate surgeons to copo with the diseases which attacked the prisoners. It wus for this reason that Jefferson Davis asked the Federal government to sond for tho sick and wounded without the formality of (Xchango. This invita tion was accepted after several months' delay, and after Shortnan's march to the sea. Cuptain Wir/,, who had charge of the prisoners at Andersonville, was aftor wards tried for murder, und as the trial occurred when tho passions ofj w<?r were at white heat, there coulc bo but ouu result?couvlotion. An of (ort was made to implicate Presl lent Jefferson Davis, tlwu u prisoner, ami tbo counsel for Captain Witz hat stated that a ?.oaiuo to him from a cabinet n Ulcer to the < IToet thai Wirzeould have clemency if he wouhi give testimony making Presldeui David directly responsible for the deaths of prisoners at Audersonvilie. Paolo?? death Whz reiterated his for mer statement that President D:ivis had do direct.eonneotlon with the con duet of affairs at Andersoovilio, and I with this statement bo wont to hi* ; death. It was years afterward in the Rouse of lt"|)rt'boniati vod at Washington i that James U. Blaino, the loader of i his party in the ?louv<, and aspiring j to tho Presidency, moved an atnend I meat to the amuoety hill excepting ! Jefferson Davis from its provisions. On that question Mr. Hlaino made a j speech in which ho charged tho Presi dent of tho Confederacy with murder ? and with responsibility for tbo " nor* I rors of Andersonville, beside which, i ho said, tho deeds of tho Duke ol Alvu i in the low countries and tho tortures ol i the Spanish Inquisition puled into In I significance. I Then eaino tho memorable speech of j Hon Hill, tue first great dofeuse of the j South in Congress after tho war, a j speech which broke tho head of s? o tionai animosity und made disreputable the waging of war In time of peace. It was an epoch-making speech, com pletely refuting tho charges of Mr. uialne, and its temper, so admirable, so broad, so lofty, commanded the admiration of tho ontiro country, it wua' that speech which sent Mr. Hill to ibo Senate, where he was to the day of his death, its most commanding figure. DKVIOIjOPMION k of thus mouth. Iteoourccs off this Section Arc Uciug More Thoroughly Placed Ueloi-e tho People di' i ii<- Whole Country, VV. W. Fioloy, of Washington, 1). 0., Second Vice -President of the Southern Railway Company, recently made the following statement to a cor respondent of the Now York Times with regard to tho industrial develop ment ol the South : " Wo are, in the South, in uu era of practical and successful development of our great natural advantages. There id a unanimity among tuo people upon tho subject of development, and a general disposition to foster Industrial growth. Tho plans and methods of placing the resources of tho Southern country boforo tho outsidu world are systematically arranged, and aro hound to be benelicial to tlu.t section. "Cotton manufactures have largely increased, and have proved to be more profitable thun In any other section. Many now mills bavo been erected, and many more greatly enlarged, as well as provided with the uumt modern machinery and appliances. It should not bo surprising to see within a short time ti.e cotton produced in the Caro linas and Nortn Georgia taken entirely by local mills. "A plead Id beyiuuing lias also been made in Woed-WOi king, and there are many of these estaoiistimonts in our territory in sucoer-sfui operation. Tile abundance of valuable timber, suitable for every branch ol building material*, as well as tiie manufacture of wagCUS, carriages, railway, oars, furniture and. indued, about everything ol which wood it, a raw material, not only makes wood-working in ail of Its branches possible, hut protltablo, as weil. At no distant day tiioSoulh will OCOUpy tlio lirst rank in this important lad iibtry. iron manufacturing in the South is forging abend at a rapid rale. All the conditions are favorable for suc cess in this lino of industry. It has been demonstrated that iron can bo manufactured more clieaply and o( equally good quality in the South than in any other section The South is already engaged in tbo exporting of iron, and the prospects aro most ou OOUraglng for a largely increased foreign business from that section, ll is not to he wondered at that this should be so, for all the natural advan tages are ou tlio side of tho South, tlio only remarkable thing About it being that thU foreign business was nut de veloped sooner. " The cultivation of tobacco and its manufacture into the various forms in which the WOrld likes to use it is mak ing uommcudahiu advancement. Bet tor grades aro being cultivated, en larged areas are being planted, and tho conditions of this industry are ex ceedingly promising. "Tho raising of fruit is also com manding a good deal of attention. That tho South is well adapted to fruit raising has been proved by actual ex perience, and all who have ongaged in this branch of industry have been suc cessful. Tlio South has no fears of competition in this respect. The South is convenient to tho best markets, and can produce in abundance the best fruit. " Tho railroads can justly lay great claim in tho progress of tho Southern development. They bavo opened up rich and iijw territory to settlement and added largely to tho facilities (or growth and development, They re cognize tho fact that the prosperity of tho territory througn which their linos run means thoir success, and so even from a purely sclli-di molive, if for no other, thoy desire to foster and encourage all legitimate enterprises, "The particular railway with which I am connected Is no exception to this rule, as it is maintaining an effective department, whoso work is directed to tho development of tho agricultural and industrial interests of tho section of the country tributary to its linos. It ! is also expending largo sums of money for tho betterment of Its properties and in increasing the. facilities neces sary to give the public superior advan tages for transporting tho products of the mill and the farm." ?Tbo fortress Oibralto- la in many ways tho most remarkablo placo of its kind in tho world. Tho height of the rock is over 1,100 foot, and this stupen dous precipice is piorccd by miles of gallericdtin tho solid stono, port-holes for cannon occurring at frequent in t-rvals. Tho rock Is absolutely im pregnable to tho shot of tho onomy and, by means of tho great elevation, a plunging lire can bo directed from an enormous height, on a hostile Hoot. A garrison of from f>,000 to 10.000 men is constantly ? maintained, witli pro visions and ammunition for a six months's siogo. In 1771? tho colobrated Belgo lasted three years, tho fortress being successfully defended by 7,000 Knglleh, while being attacked by an army of ovor 40,000 men ; 1,000 pieces of artillery, forty-seven sail, ton great 11 oat In i batteries and a large number of smell boats composod the attacking force. For months ovor 6,000 shells wero thrown Into tho tower every day. ? The only experience t/batyouoap full f comprehend Is your own. That Is why the wprld is SO slow to learn. 1ILLMAN ASKS fHE SENATE 10 ACT, this dispensary law in con qbess. i lir Senator from Smith Carolin* Wiiikn Hio Judiciary Committee t< Consider and Iteporl What Im-kIs latlon in I'cemcd Necessary. So nut or Tillman, at tho first oppor' tunity after tl e decision of Judge S; moot-on was made known. Introduced a resolution directing an inquiry to bo mttdo us to the legislation neoe8s:?.rv to give South Carolina tin*. r:>_'ht to regu lato the I iquoi* traffic in its own way. The preamble ami resolution Intro duced by him wore as follows : " Wbcreas, tho supreme court of the (Jolted States declared, In the case of Leisty versus Hwdln. thai no Slate had the right to prohibit the s do of liquor within Its own borders la original pack* agi s. upon the ground that it was an Interference with interstatecommorce; ami, "Whereas, in order to give relief to tho people of town, Congress pa-? d what i- known as the Wilson law. (Wil son law is then quolod.) "Whereas. Under the author) ti therein granted, the Stute of South Carolina 01 December, 181)2, pass* d tho dispensary law under which provision ir made for the sale of liquor y State officers under strict rules :-.>and. "Whereas, Under this system expe rience has shown that the cause of tem perance has boon advanced and t ,<? good order and quiet of the Stale bavu been promoted, there being now less than 100 dispensaries in place of up ward of sno barrooms in 18U2; ami, "Whereas, A circuit Judge of the United States court, by judluul legisla tion in a recent decision ' a- "Opealed tho act of Congress above recited as fur as South Carolina is concerned, thus requiring that state to reopen th > bar rooms or allow the free and unlimited sale of liquor in original pu< kagus; ' therefore, be it "Resolved, That tho judiciary com mlttee ??' the Senate bo Instructed to consider what legislation, if any, necessary tu restore to South Carolins i the right granted by the act of August. I 1800, to control the sale of ulcoh die liquors wilhlu its own border in Its own ? way in common with other State.- of j this union." in explaining tho object and puroort . of his resolution, Mr. Tillman said : Mr. President, I will give a brief ex planation of the condition in our State which has caused me to introduce this resolution. Within a week the circuit judge there has declared that the dispensary law is unconstitutional, because it conflicts with the interstate commerce law. The dispensary law provides that liquor shall be sold in the Stale by other than a State offi cer, who is under bond and limit ed as to the hours of sale. Lie can not sell it in the nighttime, and he can not sell it except in unbroken packages ?sealed packages?and those packagers are not to be broken on the premises Now, tho circuit judge, comes along and declares that, as the State recog nizes the sale of liquor as legitimate, H is not an exercise of the police power to restrict it in the way we have done, and that therefore a citizen of any other State bus a right to ship into the State in original package s ami to sell it with in tho limitations that the Slate law imposes on its Stale officers. The State has at this time something like $300,000 invested in liquor distrib uted at tho different dlspousarios. The Legislature will not meet until Jan uary. There is no power in the St.tie govern moot to . uspend the opera: ion of tho vast, machinery for the handlii * of this produot, and yet under the eon dltlons Imposed by this decision unj outsider can coino in and open a iiq ioi shop alongside of the State dlsponsary or anywhere else and sell at any price he pleases, therefore resulting in great injury to the morals of the Statt- and lo ttie welfare of the community, as well as loss in the expenses which will at tach by running the dispensaries under such circumstances. There is an erroneous impression abroad that tho State on to red upon this business for the profit in it. That is not true, and it is a mere secondary fea ture of the,law, w Inch is itself as remote in purpose from thus handling of the liquor as anywhere in any State in ibis Union. To those who claim that it is an illegitimate business, that no decent person will go into it, and that the State ought not logo Into it, I merely point tt> the fact t tat the United Slates govcrnmetilihits ti I ways t' er i veil ire venue Irom liquor. Nearly every State in the Union to-tlay licenses its sale, anil is in league with the licensees, and creates a monopoly from which private porsons who obtain the business are allowed to sell for profit, to be shared by it. The opinion of this circuit j till go that tho State has not the right lo limit the sale in this way, but mu-t license somo private individual to do It, is, we th ink, contrary to the act of Congress which I have recited in the resolution. Therefore, for the relief of South Carolina anil to put her hack on a plane with th'j other States, so that her citi zens in tho exorcise of their local gov ernment may control this pernicious traffic in their own way, I ask that the, Senato of the United States anil Con gress shall take action. Mr. Faulkner, of West Virginia, said that personally ho concurred in the views of tho Senator, and was very anxious to assist him in getting the re lief he seeks, and added: "1 think the local sol (-government of the people thero rt quiros that they should control this whole subject. 1 very earnestly supported tho Wilson bill for the same reason. Hut I hope the Senator from South Carolina will not embarrass the resolution he has olTored by the pream ble which is attached to it. 1 do not fool justified In voting without consid eration for tho declaration in the pre amble that this decision of the judge of tho Federal court is jud lolal legislation. 1 think tho facts are sufficiently known as a matter of public history for the. rosolution to stand on its own merits without committing any of us, without an examination into the question, to tho declaration contained in the pream ble. 1 sincerely hope the Senator from South Carolina will bo willing to sub rulttho resolution on its merits without tho preamble." Mr. Tillman said he would substitute In place of the words "judicial legisla tion" tint winds "judicial Interpreta tion," and lei it Ptand on its merits. Mr. Bacon, of Georgia, suggested that there ought to bo an amendment to that part of the resolution which limits the investigation of the Judicia ry Committee to the particular case ot South Carolina. There ought to bo a general law, and the Investigation ought to bo one which can give relief, no only to South Carolina, but to any other State similarly situated. Mr. Tillman replied by saying that when tho original-package decision of the United States Supremo Court was rondorcd, the appeal to this body and to Congress for relief came from the then Senator from Iowa, Mr. Wilson ; i that it wa-i recited in the report that that was tho specific ooee whlob they d< sired hi remedy; that act of An gusto* 18??, kuo?n as tho Wilson Ao1 ' was passed in pursuance thereof, und that o very body exc'opt lim Ju luos win interpreted tbo law bus considered that act us covering tbo principle thai , seif-govoi ument ?ball obtain ?be I . >? ,. in managing liquor within tbo bordor? of u State. Mr. Hoar, of Massachusetts, chair Uiun of tho Judtolary Coiuniltt.ee, pro. posed us > bstl tit to omitting al tiie pro am bio, aud simply directing the Iu lie ary GdtumUtuo to consider and report, l>\ bill or otherwise, what emulation, if any. is necessary to carry out tho If tu tu to of 1800 relating 11 commerce bei woen the Status. ; Mr. TilluiKU accepted tbo substitute and it was ugreed to. j The W anhing ton correspondent i I the Atlanta Constitution makes the fob lowing comments upon tho proposod action under tbo resolution ol S nutor Tillman : "Tbotemperance elements all over tbo country are coining to tho support of Senator Tllltnan in ui- dotdru to have 1 ig lit thrown on the question as to wbut legislation, if any. Is necessary to give full i Heel, of the law willen accord" to euch State the right to legulato the liquor tralllu within its borders. ?'l' -ople who have been disposed to criticise the dispensary systf.ni and its autbor uro with aim Iu tin light which comes as tin- result of Judge Stmonton's recent doolsi in. Senate- Hoar i- one of the strong supporters of tho Tillman position, and most of the members of the s inat'i hi I eve with mm mat Judge Sltnontou's decision Is in Hie tooth <>f the Wilson ia v, wnloit was made to lit tlu' Iowa easy some yea* sago and und? r the operations o' which the Maim- I iw is made < Ifootlve, ?' That law was passed in 1800 and gives, iu as plain language as a law < an to each State, the -tune power to regtl late t ic sale of liquors that are brought into that Suite us the Statt has over liqUOi'S produced in the Stati ? and the law adds that they '?ball ni t he i x uinpt therefrom by reason of being In troduced therein in orlgini i packages or othorwIse.'j "Judge Slmontou bases his decision, as :?, understood here, on t ie uoiitcii ? on thai, the South Carolina law is not an exorcise of the police power of tho State. "That it is the Intention of Congress | to givo absolute control of the liquor trafllo to the Individual States thorn euii he no doubt,, und if further legisla tion is neeossary to perfect < xisting law on that point It will bo enacted." Bill Arp at the Tennessee Centennial. I WHAT IIIS LEA UN T IN \ DAY The Sagacious 1*0110,1 of a Progl'i s sive Itailroad I'resitlein Every body Advised in Visit the Expos i' ? ion. Man never gots too old to learn, and if he is a good leurnor ho is a good teacher. Shakespeare says "knowl edge is tho wing with which we lly to heaven,'' and a* heaven i> whore we a i wish to go, it b emu s as i , acquire knowledge. Lord llucon said "knowl edge Is power," and so it was a day spent, fori loomed much inunt . ui the Tennessee Ci uteuiiial? to uiuo that 1 am going m return verj soon and take mure time neu acquire more knowledge. I Komotiines think It a great pity that l\\ the time a man be comes lit to live his IIill. i- out and ho has to die If the old men 's ho havo I made good use of their time ami tal ents were given a new loaso?-another throe soor ? years und ton, and i ad ? ? ? vigor of their yenth restored what a world of wisdom would they accumu late We would all he Solomons and write proverbs, What farnii ??? wn would make, wl at Invonto s; what teachers ; what preachers : what scien tists, Maybe providence i ut' Us down to seventy years for fear wo wen;.; learn too much of His mysterl - and once again oat tho fruit from tbo tree of knowlodgo. I was ruminating about tl i- while I listening to lb? earnest dUcourse of Colonel Killebrew, who ha*charge of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. L ?uis a?'d the Western and Allan ie railroad exhibits at tho Kxp sltlon. Now there i> a mau who a*. I'aal said to Pimothy uiagnllles his iillb-e. it is like going to school to hear him ox plain and expatiate and philosophize upon thine- that ordinarily would at tract no special attention, If every man In ohargo ol a special exhibit bad Iiis enthusiasm the kix position would not only baa grand success, hut would diffuse more knowledge among tin u than any similar display lias ever done Now, for Instance, when wo paused to look ut some tobacco tbut >vaa hang ing from the rod- ho said : "That to baCOO grew on very poor land. Tho best tobacco always grows on poor land." Indeed it seems provldonllal that poor land is good for something. The sandy, gravelly land of tiranb ir ry County, in North Cecrgia, grows tno A nest tobacco In the worin, and It commands tho highest price. The .-no is not rich enough to give it a darn color, and hence it Is pale and sickly, and bar, the consumption, m> to speak. This tobacco grew upon land that i- SU per cent, silica -sandy land?-poor, white land, as your Hartow County farmers call it?yon have lots of it down there. 1 have seen It and it. can bo bought for a song, i>,:*. there is more money in it than in your valleys and river bottoms. The sand that i.-. In Florida soil will make tobacco growing I a success lucre. I have been experi menting in tobacco growing and curing for years, and know whoruof I sp^uk, There are thousands of acre- in North Georgia that aro just suitod to it. and till thOSO poor white land- In I ibb County arc just waiting for It. Sol it ofthat, land along oar railroad that will not grow corn high enough to shoot an ear er make a tassel, would grow the most ui i-t ?erat Ie lob tec ?. Wo paused again to look at some It tie pyramids of broken naif, an I I learned that it was phosphate a re cent d Isoovery Io counties contiguous to the railroad. '?There are millions of it, and millions in It," said th ? com id. As is usual, these discover!) s were ac cidental. Borne mineral exports wore p'-ospocting for /.me, and were at a lo.-s to account for thqse singular depo* ts. They haVO bad them. analyz d. and they are pronouncod by reliable chem ists to be tbo very finest grade of nhos pi ate rock, running I um 111 to 85 |)i r cent, und some of the Strata to twelve f. et, thick, and underlie thousands ol acres. There a.e no pho-phal I8?in Florida that will compare with the n, and tno-l of it can bo tnlnod with a pick -a single hand taking out, si x : ms a day. After Inspecting many kinds of on - and minerals such us iron, manganoso, bauxite, gold, silver, ochro,corundum, etc,, much of which wus from our coun ty of Hartow, we were shown the great est vuriety of useful und oroumentai woods tbut bas ever been exhibited Iu this country. And also tbo variety of farm and garden products is admirable. Just think of one farmer, on a little plat of twonty-livo acres, exhibiting ? s vonty-eight rpcchiions that wore . grown.i) farm. Seventy-eight 1 il iTerctll !>;i. ;!?!-. Useful (OV man or > boast. And another man sends spool* iuoos>of sixty ??? ii ? ? i" woods that grow I upon hin luml, T .. there aro oevnral hundred botanical ploturi s of tho tlora . of T? nc?->. ?? that woto (fathered und i idnted . d trained by Gt in nil Kirhy s alth. H it it would take too much spau ' i" describe or oven to catalogue tho hundred* pf inturcstiMg things in Iii1-. iiii>gnitlueot railroad show. It wnuli make a good oxpodi i of itself, i Oi course i; lias e ? . ? v, -much money to get up siw! ... x nslvo ool* I lection, Int' ? ' tmile . ? ? hir-boolng [ policy ->f Mr, Thomas, i railroad i magnate of tin1 South, i' ? t wo years 1 I'Htt hi- ton llltd a his ?? : ? ??}? Colonel Killohrcv, >\ in -. vviihoik-i i ouht tho , most oOlotont and icst odil fed to ich or ami promoter of ugricul ure and mineralogy In the State, a man of j largo and III end enterprise, a cultured I scholar who can tu I It science with tho scientist and practical farming with the humblest farmer. He had charge - of both thesu departments in the first Atlanta expo. Hi has traveled mul ba i k ?>? er Mexle ?. Inspecting tho silv? r i.. '?os ( >?? .0. it' owners, lie has morn /? ntly Invade I the homos of the setie rs tu Colorado and Kansa-i and olhei Northwestern States and communed with them about our cli mate and lauds und laws, and they lis tened to bun gladly, iind'lhu result lias been i io location of I,out) families nlong the liic of tie- railroad from Nashville to Atlanta. I'Vt on hundred families within tie p,-1 two year-, and the cry is. "Still they come." Ho is the most ardent and most successful colonizer in till the South. Ho is the best talker 1 ever listened to, the m i t earnest, e m vineing and entertaining; and yet, ho has no 1 mil fee sale no:- uny interest, in the sales. Hi- work Is for tin- railroad ami for humanity. The condition of thousands of those W stern settlers is mo-t pitiful, Think of IUU horses soil ing at auction for *v7. less than $] a lead. TninU ?'( l,O0i.l Sid tug for less I tntin *'1,UOO. And so thi?s< iieoplo aro causing out and i:i>'ii:ii.' to Tennossoo and Georgia and buying small tract* of land wit in eu?y roach of the railroad and In live year,-" time these 1,500 fam ilies wiii probably snip their products oi grain and hay and meat ami mules to an amount tuat will i?lvo for each family an average of $100 i n freights to the road. Tuis uloti.) muko $150.* U00 per annum to bi added to tho freight I llsiness of tie' ro.ld, This is Mr. Thomas's lur-seeltig |> hoy. With* in live year-' time it Is expected that 10,000 fluni es will !) ? lb at id ? trans ferred from :li ? cyclo;) - u id droughts aid Id'/./ irds of tue West to the genial climate of i he South. Wo see thai thu Seaboard is now pursuing i io same policy. The Geor gia Southern and I'Voridu began it years ago. an I buprovi d Cyclouotlu as an object, lesson tu emigrants to show them w hat could be .lorn . 11 w as i suc cessful i'xi) I'inient, and Mr. Spinks showed his wisdom and suguolty, but toe road'.-er ditors forced it Into the courts und crippl :d Its resources, and even made war noon Mr, Smirks for bis so-called ??.x! r tVUgtinCO. H it. I had try a ihtj to spare at tho centennial, und all of tiiul was spent in one buildu g, for I c 'u' ; nut get. away from it. It is a thing el beauty us well as of Int i'est and instruction, for tho ornamental work that graces the ?rein t i l. pill it.. an i ? urnleos is most lovely and 'lah?r.tto?-ii master's hand has plann e .i I executed. There, too, i- tb ? pi ..-t of Mr. Thomas and hin handsoui portrait on the ??? ill I. t ;.at were present il t.O him :>.? his em ployees a-- a graceful tribute und an evidence < I their ??< vi ti m to him'. What u hli-ssod thing it ? . ? . o days of >ri,cl ? ,vi . - vor und of war to tie- k.nif?, . ? ? n capital and labor, to (pill a mac a 111 - _ liato ? w ho controls tlibusands n,i . .? ? ., doing it, - ? pi at ??tc J .? nd OOtisiV- i ? ? ly. and at ul 'mi ?. - im ?:?<.?.' their In pout and their devotion. I shall return ugain next week ami takt In the exposition. I iv|sh to spend one day in that i ai'thution, tliu most cNquisiti ly heautl ti ? of architect are I oi i siiWi, and it- > a is <r<: adorn ed >v:t.: paintings greiil ivoi'ks pi art i.y t e mi .:i i n innotei j, and that many of tin in, that cost ttioitsilhds ol dollars, have been loaned by tlielr owiiors to eneo'ira^e ,;,c e.\|)()>ltioll and implant a luve ul art umoitg our people. Let everj one >? "?" can go visit this ad III ir lib e ex? 11 littoil, Let ovpr'y fiiluily man take hid wift . or his son, or his daugh ter, fur it ?il1 pity' id the long run. Sidney Smith said that the com pan ion ship of a m auf: il arid . irtuoiis Woman wa- a elu io education. Just so it is an education tu vis t tho - xposltlon and -i i i> these obj ? it - ons and lis ten to the swob so it ling music ami re.-t Under tli? shad of the trees. I 'ill.!. A UP. < >l VAlitHV ' <> '' U'.MlillS. I-'roin tin-i in in\ilie Moiinlaiticor. Tue. following bulletins have, been j'i?i received : No. 'IO?N t c on irrigation iuConnoo ticul and ,\ .v .1 irsoy. Il is a document of interest tu fanners woo have water courses capable ul iielng used >>y dam ming (or crop pur poses. In oar hilly up-country much water 'mils away an harne-so ?. N ?. 5 -t<1ig Culture. Valuable, but butter Miiicd for;a lower < liinato? No. Ul Slit i p I'Vcding. Now that our people arc waking up oil mutton raising and ivool-growing, it is worth a ea?ofUI study. Strichiiltlo fur dogs; more shoo > for food, No. 50?Sorghum in a h'uragc Crop. Ibplau b a high usilmul <ia the vnluo of sorghum for growing animals, thoso being fattened fur market, and pro nounces it as one of the b-.st fec.da that can he used d.o ing siunuioi' und early ! autumn for dati y catl 10. No. I'ho Sugar Hjot. A full i treatise on Its cd'tnrc, seed devolop n,i m, munufitoluri and stat istics. ^ No. 70?Sjinu IJtsoasu*) ol Garden and Orchard Fruits, with ipra> calender supplement, ami No. 77, ThO OhtOOb Hug ami other Destructive insects, have just been i .-.ted from too Onlu Station. Tue stations are dung good work iu Unding ruin< die-* for ii^ -uses and tho insects of garden, orchard and Held crop,. Tue Oll 0 Mat on i H a UIOHt us'-flll spray calender, showing I io disease, and what to spray and iv|u U, in tho case of tin apple cabbage, grape and twenty OI ?? U" CO ninon i. us an 1 pi lals. In 1. ? atsi mil, i,00 1 bulletins of each '? tu'oj it investigated are printed and the farmers tl uiand - very copy. In, North C iruiinit the < ?pornncnt statloa work is v bvu lactoi (?' tlie funning plans for pri ii an i Lmpt'ovoinont. T^c? time will c i.a.- in to s ate a : >> ivnon ? too bull tin to tue farm t. . i wi will take the irnub o 10 g \'> t oiu utner Stat'-s, also, Will oc .n ? ? : v I able on . the farm than an h i i >i ?? ? tiuca tion wltn it* largo plan v< ? cli uullts a boj to go buck tu bis inu d hillside farm. U 1 !- ''Vdi. Pho now Shall ul Persia is anxious to opon the country to international commerce, aim favors the Introduction of tlecti Icily and stoara. ' j