Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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f ' 1,0,1 Cola? r ? I ? . M?n ?? VOL. IX. LAURENS, S. C, TUESDAY, MAY 1894. * NO. 4C " OUB WHISKEY REBELLION." TILLMAN'tt REVIEW AND ANALY SIS. The Governor Discusses tho Political AspcotH or" the Darlington Trouble. N01 Hi American Uevlew. The- uttuntion of tho United States lias for more than a year ' -en diroeted to South Carolina. This State has en deavored to solve tho liquor problem, a troublesome one to all governments, in u manner so novol as to be startling. So much has been published about the Dispensary law in the papers anil mag azines of the Union thut Its scope and purposes are well known, and explana tions on those points are not needed in this urtieie. History bears nut the assertion that whenever restriction or prohibition of tho liquor truflio is attempted, resis tance, either political or by force, is attempted. When South Carolina sought a solution of this troublesome problem, and triod to solve it by pas sages of the Dispensary law. the in evitable conflict with the whiskey ele ment was expected, nor has the expec tation been without fulfillment. The gonoral conditions can easily bo under stood, for they would prevail in any other State were a similar law enact ed there ; but the struggle between the whiskey and anti-whiskey element in South Carolina has been intensified by conditions peculiar to tho State of South Carolina and which would not obtain elsewhere. 1 will brielly out line these local conditions, so that tho cause and violence of the whiskey re bellion can bo seen at a glance. Prior to 1800, under a vicious system of party politics, the control of the government of the State was in the hands of the remuants of the old slave-holding aris tocracy, which had saddled upon the State a condition of affairs resembling as much as possible that prevalent be fore the war of 1801-05. A complete return of those conditions, the outcome of that war had rendered impossible. I led a light inside the Democratic party, the white man's party, to free the State from the rule of these old bourbons, who wanted the reins of government to rest entirely iu the hands of themselves and those who would be subservient to their will. Aftor a canvass of the State from ouo end to tho other, meeting on the stump two representatives of tho old order of things, 1 received the nomination of the Democratic party regularly and by an unexampled majority : but the old aristocratic element would not submit, and ran an independent ticket at the rogulur election, appealing to the ne groes for voles. I was elected by an overwhelming majority, the greater part of my support coining from the agricultural classes, which had until then been practically deprived of a voice in tho selection of tho olllcers of tho' State government. The old Bour bon element had control of the press and the banks. Among them wore tho best truined intellects of tho State, and these ail kept warring upon the now order of things. Taking the posi tion that naught good could come out of Nazareth, they opposed every act of my administration, which has been for the masses as against the classes. In 1802. alter another hot canvass, I was re-elected Governor, obtaining an increased majority. The Uourbons be gan to see that they could never be re turned to power by a vote of the peo ple, and commenced easting about for now combinations and devices by which to regain power. In the fall'of 1802, the General As sembly passed the Disponsary Act as a compromise between the wishes of the ultra-prohibitionists and the whiskey people. Tliis law gets rid of the worst features of the liquor traffic, while not removing liquor beyond the reach of those who desire to drink it in modera tion. It was natural that the men who had been engaged in the liquor busi ness should try to evade tin; law and soil liquor in violation of it. They opened " blind tigers " for the sale of contraband liquors. The Dispensary law provided for the commission of whatever number of constables was doomed necessary for t he discovery and suppression of these places. Tho ?our bons made this feature the point of at tack upon the law : their many papers hounded down these men, calling them "spies" and " sneaks." and applying to them all manner of abusive epithets, thus seeking' to stir up against them tho anger of the people in the towns and cities, tho inhabitants of which constitute the opposition to the Reform movement which resulted in my elec tion. Almost all the work of these constables had to be dono in these cities, which made It easier to create bitter, unreasoning prejudice against thorn. Kvory daily paper in the State, save one. is under the control of tho "antis," as they are called, and these have spared no effort in the attmnt to stir up anger against the constables, tho law under which they operate, ami tho administration which enacted that law. Realising the effect of the asser tion that liberty is in danger, they used that sacred name in the appeal for subversion of the Dispensary law and tho retirement from authority of those who are responsible for it. Tin; law gives the constables, when armed with propor warrants from the civil authorities, the right to search private residences hy the seizure of contra band liquors. Were this provision absent from the law, it would be prac tically inoperative) as men would turn their private residences into "blind tigers., ' where they would sell liquor with impunity. Tho papers support ing the combination of the whiskey men and the old political leaders al leged ?hat tho Dispensary law gave tho constables tho right to qgarch private residences indiscriminately and without warrant, which is some thing to which Anglo-Saxon blood will not submit. These falsehoods stirred up bittor, unreasoning passion in the cities and towns againdt the constables, and threats were frooly mado against' them. Being In danger of bodily harm, after having been mobbed and pelted with rotten eggfl on more than ono oc casion, the constables WOrO armed for their own protection. I fy poeritical uso was made of tho old adage that " A man's home is his castle " to Incite violence 14 A man's homo is his cas tle," but ho has no right to turn it into a saloon and expect to exorcise tho same rights there he would have in a private dwelling. Those were the conditions Of thought and feeling OX biting at the time of the whlskoy rebellion, which broke out last month. Tho towns of Darlington, I'Morenee und Sumter are points of a triangle connected by railroads. Darlington and Floronee are ten milos apart and both aro about forty miles from Suin ter. Certain pcoplo in those town banded together for opposition to tho Dispensary law. especially the consta bulary feature of it. Several constables wore sont to Darlington. The loaders of th't consnirat us >;prc.id broad rc {iorts that tho constables were tin re or tho purpose of searching private houses without Warrant?. This was not true; the constables, under the Mi8punsary law, could not search / private rosidoneo? without warrants, and thoy had no intention of searching any rosidoneo in Darlington?all of their warrants being for the search of pnblic places, whore contraband liquors woro stored and sold. 13ut tho fulso report was spread and had its duo ef fect, when tho execution of tho war rants began. Large numbers of armed men gathered on tho streots for tho protection of a "liberty" which was not in danger. Tho five or six con stables in Darlington wero followed by this armed mob which guyed, cursed, and abused thorn. I thereupon ordered tho chief constablu by tolegraph to proceed to tho scono with reinforce ments. Tho six constables on tho {. round being In dangor, I sent a mili tary company from Sumtor to Darling ton for their protection while in dis charge of their duties as officers of tho Statu carrying OUt one of its laws. Tho mob quieted down at once, and tho military company returned homo tho morning following its arrival in Dar lington. In tho afternoon of tho day of tb.9 departure of tho company, four of tho constables, their work being dono, went to ono depot and tho other nineteen to tho other, to depart. Two boys, citizens of Darlington, got into a light at tho depot where tho main body of constables was. One of them, who was whipped, ran up town and re turned, followed by an armed mob. A wrangle started a light between this mob und tho constables. Uno eon stable and two of tho mob woro killed, and several constables and citizens wero wounded. When the mob wero put to (light, tho constables themsel ves took to the woods near by, for thoy knew that the Hying mob would return reinforced by hundreds of armed fol low conspirators. Such was tho out come. The town boll was rung as a tocsin to the conspirators, and they turned out In the twinkling of an eye, nil hoavily armed. Tho constables wore pursued and tho conspirators in Florence und Suinter, being called out by tolegraph, joined in the pursuit. Fortunately night soon came on and none of tho chasing parties eame up with the escaping constabulary, or ?lse more blood would havo been shed. The disposition of tho conspirators lo UXterminutc tho constabulary is shown Ijy the fact that tho train containing tho four constables who had gone to Lho other depot of tho town and had taken no part In the light, was riddled with bullets bred in a desperate at tempt to kill them as it eamo by on its way to Charleston. The mob took possession of tho three towns, committing many acts of vio lence. In Sumtor, where the first mobbing of Dispensary constables took place, there is one of the best managed Dispensaries in tho State, and the police authorities havo assisted in the tUlforcoment of the Dispensary law. The part this town took in the rebel lion was confined to tho going out of its most lawless and turbulent citi zens to aid in tho chase of tho consta bles. Under tho Dispensary law, part of tho profits of th'3 Dispensaries goes to the towns in which they are located, provided the authorities of those towns nssist in the enforcement of- the law. In eases where municipal authorities fail to help enforce tho law, the State Hoard of Control is vested with au thority to withhold from such towns tho share of tho profits that would otlierwi.se come to thorn. On tho morning when tho constables were Ill'st maltreated in Darlington tho mu nicipal authorities of that town were notified that they would receive no share of the profits from tho Dispen saries located in that town, because they had failed to do their duty to wards the enforcement of the law. A similar notico had been given to the council at Florence. This added to the anger of the mob, and had much to do with inciting the mob in Florence to looting tho Dispensary there. I was Informed by tho Sheriff that the olvil authorities wero powerless in ', Darlington, and was asked to order out the militia. I did so, ordering out at first live companies nearest tho scene j ?three at Columbia, one at Manning, and one at Sumtor. Tho old political Dourbons, aided by the whiskey elo mont, brought such pressure to bear upon tho companies in Columbia that they refused to obey tho orders of their Commandor-in*Chiof. The Columbia companies set the example, and it was followed by the other two companios I ordered out. Thirteen of the town companies, and tho on'iro Fourth Brigade, composed of tiio troops of Charleston, refused to turn out when ordered to do so. Tho armories of two companies in Columbia, ono in Flor- j encOj and one in Chester were broken | into and their guns stolen, possibly with tho connivance of members of tho companies. The idea was that 1 would bo left poworless, and that similar dis- I order could bo created in other cities, I making it necessary for the United States government to take charge of i the state, thus accomplishing their de termination to overthrow my adminis tration and restore themselves to power by my downfall. Mut many military companios, without regard to politics, remained true to their allegiance, and the yeomanry of the Stuto volunteered for duty in such numbers as showed tho conspirators that thoy wero power less. Had I deemed it necessary, I OOUld In forty-eight hours after is suance of the cab havo had unarmed force of 10,000 fatjucrs at my command. I bit this was not necessary ; my deter mination to uphold lho laws of the State and to protect its officers, and the fact that 1 would bo supported by the best citizens of tho State, overawed the conspirators and they subsided. Tho trouble at Darlington culminat ed on Friday, March .'10, at -1 p. in. Val uable time was lost that evening and night while waiting to mobilize the tnilitiajwhich failed mo at tho last. Or ders did not go to tho companies which responded until Saturday morning; tho first oompany that could be depend ed on arrived in Columbia on Saturday evening at ? O'clock. As a more dan gerous mob had assembled In Columbia on Friday night than was pursuing tho constables at the scene of tho distur bance, T deemed it wiso to concentrate troops tbe.ro to overawe it and not to leave the Capitol unprotected or movo on Darlington until I had u force to do both. Saturday night and Sunday militia and* volunteer companies ? f fanners continued to arrivo, so thai Sunday ovening I folt warranted In >r derlng .'100 men to Darlington and had a many moro In tho city of Columbia. This last forco was mostly volunteers who hud taken their horses from tho ?plo.e.rb, and, shouldering their shot guns, bnstonod to sustain tho govern ment of their choice. One of tho most potent factors in tho suppression of tho robolllon was tho BvlZUrC of the telegraph lines and the railroads. It Is hard to say how muoh ni'uchief would have boon dono had I not availed mypolf of tho old statute which wiih doubtless placed among our laws for just such an omergoney. Dy this means excitement was allayed and ? !ie?fuMurgeiit.s were kept from liolng reinforced. Tho people had boon wrought UP K> a frenzy of oxoltoment by tho many blood-curdling and sensa tional dhpatches sent out boforo tho sei/..ire. of tho wires, and I feel sure nir iill! itflkiiiltfril had I not stoppod their transmission, wo would have had eollissious betwoon tho excited and angry countrymen und townspeople in several parts of the State. Tho railroads obeyed tho order and co-operated with me without pro tost, ('deserving great credit thcrofor, but I had to invoke the assistance of tho judiciary by injunotiou on tho tele graph company until I could uso tho military and soizo tho ofllocs of .the company by force. This caused con siderable dissatisfaction among the newspapers, but under tho like circum stances I would do tho same thing again, oven without authority of a statute, for tho public welfare demand ed it. A prompt reorganization of tho mili tia has boon ordered. All tho mon disgraood thomsolves by refusing to respond to my orders will bo dismissed from tho service. The conspiracy is crushed and will raise its horrid head no more. The inevitable conflict with tho whiskey element, which was made more lieree than is ordinarily tho caso by tho political complications, 1 have briefly sketched, has been fought, and tho Dispensary law will hereafter .bo enforced more rigidly than ever. As I stated in an address to tho troops: ''Tho Dispensary law was enacted by the Legislature, by tho majority of the representatives of the people. It is tho law until tho Supremo Court de clares it unconstitutional or until re pealed. Tho places to light it are tho ballot-box and tho courts, and not with bullots." And until it is declared unconstitu tional by tho courts, or repoalod by the General Assembly, it shall be enforced at all hazards. B. It. TlLLMAN. A VICTIM OP JEALOUSY. An Unfortunate Sensation Involving a llrilliaiit but Imprudent Young: Woman. Special to the Atlanta .Journal. Washington, d. c, May 3.?Tho sensation of the hour at tho eapitol is tho shooting of Miss Vivia Caatlo, daughter of ex-Congressman Castlo, of Minnesota, and a niece of John R. Fel lows, of New York, in a negro barber shop in Minneapolis. Tho shooting was done by the jealous black wife of the black proprietor of tho establish ment. Tho New York morning papers toll'the story about as follows: Miss Castle had, early in the day, gone to the postal cafe, in Minneapo lis, with a drummer, whoso name is un known, for breakfast. Some hours afterwards she left. A rain came up and she returned for shelter. Sho told tho proprietor she had a headache and asked if she could not go up stairs to tho barber shop to have her hair dress ed. This sho did, and in about thirty minutes tho barber returned, telling Blake, the negro proprietor, that Miss Castle was asleep in the chair. Blako went up to her, and his wifo, thirty minutes later, followed. Sho saw her husband loaning ovor tho girl, and whipping out a revolver, sho shot her. She tried also to kill her husband but was overpowered. Miss Castlo is well known in Wash ington and in Atlanta. While here at tho capital sho was known as sensa tional aud extremely Imprudent. She was tho leader of a eoterio of young society girls who cut a wide swath aud caused tho older and more sedate to frown down on them. One of her es capades was to accept tho dare of a young man to go with him to tho Thea tre Comiquo, a rather disreputable variety theatre* Sho was always a lirst-nighter at the big theatres, and had a box every day at tho races. Sho was a regular patron of Harvey's and John Chamberlain's without the preSr onoe of a ohaperone. and once created excitement by fainting at the eapitol. It was also well known that her weak lungs caused her much pain, and that sho sometimes drank, and it is this fault, it is believed, which brought on tho horrible Minneapolis tragedy. Notwithstanding these things sho was generally thought well of. Sho was reckless both in action and talk, but nothing has ever happened to show that the pom girl was radical' ? wrong. Miss Castle spent several winters at the Salt Springs Hotel, near Atlanta, and is well known by scores of peoplo in tho Gato City. Sho went there on account of her lungs, the climate be ing considered especially beneficial. It transpiros that tho unfortunato girl had left bor homo without hor parents' permission and they did not know sho was in Minneapolis until they heard of tho shooting. Sho is boliovod tobe fatally wounded. Thero is little olso talked of in Washington, Miss Castlo being so well known hero. TUB LOTTERY AND THE ClIUItCH. Eft'ort to Exempt Church Pairs from Operations of Ant 1-(Ja tabling Laws. Washington, May 2.?Tho Senato bill for tho suppression of lottery traffic through national and interstate commerce and tho postal servioe was, on motion of Senator Hoar, taken from tho calendar for consideration. , A protest was made by Vest against the extension of anti-gambling laws to religious fairs, where articles aro raf Ued off for charitable purposes. To a question by Gray, whether church members should be exempted from tho operation of tho law, Vest re plied that if any Senator thought thai church and charity fair should be plaeed on tho same footing us tho Louisiana or the Havana lotteries, ho was wolcomo to his opinions ; but he thought tho question hardly worthy the Sonator from Delaware. Gorman coincided with tho views ex pressed by Vost, and suggested that tho bill should ho laid over until to morrow to allow somo time to consider it. Hoar romarked that no office, ho sup posed, would interfere with church or charity affairs. Whether officers should do so or Pot was a question which might be discussed. But no provision of law could be mado that would pro hibit tho .ofTonse of gambling, and at the samo time contain a provision that church mombors and amlnble peoplo might gamble a littlo for pious pur Eposes. It was not practicable and would o mischievous legislation. ? Gorman, in onforComont of his own and Vest's viows, said that there was | not a oharitable institution in Mary land up to twenty yours ago, that had not been tho creation of lottory sys tems by law, and that In two-thirds of tho hospitals in Washington and tho institution of the Little Sisters of tho Poor, two-thirds of "the revenue came from thoso innoeont frauds. Thero was no demand <>i- noccsslty, ho said, for such legislation. Hoar, in furthor dofense and explana tion of tho bill, spoke of Mr. Gorman's argument as calculated " to poison tho youth o( tho district." If tho ponding bill was impolitio all tho lottery leg islation was impolitio. Finally Harris broke in the discus sion with a remark that if tho bill could not be disposed of without fur ther dohuto, he should object. ?" That cannot bo done," said Gor man. M Then I object," said Harris, and the bill went ovor without action. A COMPROMISE MEAHUKP. Tho Democrat lo Senator?* Agree Upon aTurlir Ulli-Senator Hill Casts the Only Negative Vote, Washington, D. C, Mav 3.?By a voto of 28 to 1?six of the 44 Democrats being absent?tho Democratic Sonutors in caucus today udoptcd a resolution agreeing to support tho tariff bill of the fiuance committee, including tho compromise amendments that have been agreed upon by tho many con ferences of Democratic Senators dur ing tho past two wooks. The resolu tion was presented by Senator Gor man to the caucus, and discussed at 80H10 length, as tho session lastod from a few minutes after 4 o'clock until nearly 7 p. m. Tho six absent Senators woro Mills, Irby, Butler, Murphy, Lindsay and Gib son. It is claimed that they woro all accounted for, and assurances wero given that they would support tho tariff bill. Tho only persons iu whoso absenco there miglit ho any significance are Senators Murphy and Mills, tho under standing being that all others wero in accord with any bill supported by the majority of the Democratic Senators. Senator Mills was not at tho Senate during tho day, and tho call for tho caucus was sent to his house. It is believed that ho has some objections to tho ojneossions that havo boon made, but he has previously announc ed that ho would support any bill that provided for reductions in tho present law. Senator Murphy's caucus notice was also sent to his residence, as lie was absont from thoeapitol. His posi tion has all along been ono of doubt, but soveral Democratic Sonators assort that ho will support the bill, and ho is counted in the forty-thrco who are claimed as certain to voto for tho bill. The other absent Sena tors are either out of the city or failed to securo notice in time. Some of them havo been counted as against tho bill, and it was said they would endorse tho notion of the caucus. In presenting the resolution and stat ing the object of the caucus, Senator Gorman said it was necessary to make concessions in order to securo tho un ited support of the party, and he fur ther asserted that it would need a Democratic majority to pass tho bill. He stated that as concessions had boon made on all sides, it was believed that tho measure witli tho proposed amend ments would now meet with the sup port which was necessary to pass a Democratic tariff bill. Senator .lones, of Arkansas, tho member of tho finance committee who has taken tho most active part in tho preparation of tho amendments known us the compromise bill, mado a speech in which ho explained at length tho proposed amendments, and told why they were necessary. He did not dis cuss nor read aU of them, and selected the most important and affecting tho greatest interests. Senator Mcl'herson, iof Now Jersoy, spoko iu support of the resolution, and dwelt at some length upon the conces sions which Northern und Eastern Democrats had been obliged to make, and what they had to give up in order to meet the demands of tho South and West. Ho claimed that tho conces sions that that were talked of by other Senators wero not wholly on one side. Senators Palmer and Vilas made long and vigorous speeches, urging party harmony, and the necessity of early action. Great interest centred in tho speech of Senator Smith, of New Jersey, und his remarks woro received with a great deal of satisfaction, for, while he said ho was notsatislied with the bill, and was unalterably opposed to tho in come tax, he was ready to support the measure with the amendments which had been agreed upon, although he claimed that what were called conces sions by the Southern and Western men wero but small compared with the concessions which Kastern Senators made in supporting tho bill with the income tux provision. Senator Hill, of New York, was not plaeated. Ho spoke only a short time, but it was long enough for him to con vince the caucus that his voto would not bo for the bill if tho income tax remained in it. Ho said his position was well known. He had mado his statement before the country, and there was nothing to add to what ho said. Whatever theso con cessions might bo thoy could not com pensate for a rider in tho bill, which neither tho needs of the country or of the party demanded. Whilo not say ing so in so many terms, there were many who listened to him who believ ed that ho would support tho bill. Tho voto showed what those who called tho caucus oxpoeted. Tho con ferences, that have been going on among the Democratic Senators for two weeks had given tho leaders the information as to how tho different Sonators stood, but thoy wanted official caucus action upon what had been agreed to in the conforonco room. The roll was called, in order to place all on record, and thirty-soven Senators voted in favor of tho resolution, and one, Senator Hill, against it. Tho^yoto was received with genuine gratification, and tho Senators believe It signified that tho tariff bill would pass. Tho Senators present were Bate, Berry, Brice, Blackburn, Blanch ard, Cnffroy, Call, Camden, Coekrcll. Coke, Daniel, Faulkner, George, Gor don, Gorman, Gray, Harris, Hill, Bun tem, Jarvis (North Carolina), Jones(Ar j kimsas). McLaurin, McPherson, Mar I tin, Mltoholl (Wisconsin), Morgan*Pal mer, Pas co, Pugh, Hansom, Roach I (North Dakota). Smith (Now Jersey), I Turpio, Vest, Vilas, Voorhoes, Walsh, and White (California). Washington, May 4.?Mr. Vest, moinber of tho iinanco committee, presented tho amendments to tho tariff bill ugroed upon in the Democratic conforonco yesterday. They all relate to tho Income tiix to bo collected from corporations providingdor a tax of 2 per cent, on the net profits or income (above tho ordinary oxponsos) of all hanks, trusts, railroad insuruueo and other companies?not to apply, how ever, to tho building and loan associa tions that make loans to thoir share holders. Tho amendments woro laid on tho table and ordered printed. Another armlstie has boon agreed upon in tho tariff debate which will carry tho bill over till Tuesday. At 2 o'clock Mr. Harris, in chargo of tho bill, moved an oxceutivo session, and tho remandior of tho day will bo consumed bohind closed doors. To morrow the executive session will con tinue and probably Monday. Mr. Harris said that there was busi ness which must bo considered in ex ecutive sossion and this scorned to he tho best way. Ho had many confer ences with tho Doraoerats today, and ho told them that tho Ropubliouns objected to any further discussion of tho bill until they know what it was and what tho proposed amendments woro. Ho said ns soon ns tho nmond incuts wore presented, tho Republi cans Would go ahead with the bill and diseuss and vote upon it In regular order. Tho Domoeratio loaders evidently think that it will bo the best to clear up other pending busi-.ess and allow tho necessary time to lix up all changes which havo boon proposed and pro pared. This may havo beorf brought about by tho assertion of some Demo cratic Senators that they think it is timo, before it goos much further, that thoy bo informed as to tho changes whioh are proposed. Tho agreement reached today in dicates that tho managers of tho com promise boliovo that they will be ready to present the proposed changes tho tho Sonate by Tuesday, and that Wednesday, if tho Chinese treaty is disposed of on Tuesday, tho tariff bill will bo taken and pushed with all pos sible speed. A IIIMKTAIjMC CONFERENCES. FngJiHh Stnlewneu Admit that silver * Must bo Placet! on a Parity With Gold. London, May 2.?The international biniotaliist conference was formally opened in the mansion house to-duy. Tho opening address was delivered by Sir David Evans. A largo number of delegates wero present, Including some of tho best known of the British and foreign linauelers. Letters woro l'eud from Archbishop Walsh, of Dublin, the president of the Hank of France, and others, regretting ther inability to bo present. A paper was read by Professor Shield Nichol son on tho fall in tho general levei of prlees in relation to tho appreciation of gold and tho divergence in the rela tive value of gold and silver, and a general discussion of tho subject fol lowed. Cablegrams wore read from United States Senators Sherman, Voorhees, Aldrioh, Murphy, Brieo, Platt, Davis, Carey and Culloin wishing success to tho conferoneo in tho causo of bimetal lism in England. A. J. BaTfour, in ?he course of the diseussion, said he did not believe the government regulation of coinage, if it woro dono in the direction of making it moro stable and a fairer measure of value, could be justifiably opposed. Tho nations of the world were now, he said, standing face to face with a great dan ger which could only be averted by tho rehabilitation of silver to its proper com more ial function. In order to do this international action was absolutely necossary. Balfour said that there woro three questions with which bi metallism had to copo. Thoy wero these : Was a double standard pos sible? Was it just? Was it expedi ent? Scientists and economists an swer these questions with an over whelming Yes." Ho would not say whether tho closing of the Indian mints was a wise step, hut he did not doubt that it was tho most striking at tempt that a civilized government had evor made to solve a monetary diffi culty that was directly due to niono metalism. Mr. Halfour said ho saw signs of a change in English opinion. Tho leading commercial men had abandoned their form of hostility to bimetallism and come to tho conclusion that the only way to meet tho grave danger was to restore silver to its former place as a circulating medium. Mr. Hal four also said it was a moro dream to suppose that each stato was able to regulate its own currency in dependently. It was absurd to talk of taking an isolated view of British cur rency when the uetiou of the United States, whioh had not been taken into concert with or from any friendly fool ing toward Great Britain, had forced upon England and India tho adoption of the astounding system which now prevailed in India. England's present isolation was selfish and stupid. He spoke personally and for no party he said. ? Leonard IT. Courtney, member of parliament, road a paper on ''The Practicability Of Maintaining a Uatio Between Gold and Silver under an In ternational Bimetallic Agreement,'' and a discussion of the papO.' followed. Letters in support of bimetallism were received from Genera.) Francis A. Wal ker. Archbishop Walsh and Professor E. B. Andrews, of Brown University. A lottor was read from Mr. H. II. Cannon, president of the Chase Nation al Bank, of Now York, in which the writer said that the solution of the problem of bimetallism rests with Croat Britain. Dr. Arndt, tho eminent German fi nancier, expressed views similar to those contained in Mr. Cannon's letter. Tho bimotallists had a banquet this ovening. Henry Chaplain, former pre sident of the board of agriculture, was the chief speaker. He reiterated his familiar opinions on tho silver ques tion. GENERAL COXEY'fl MANIFESTO. The Alms and Purposes of the Com* inonweal Organization. ? General Jacob s. Coxoy's great demonstration on behalf of the "Com monweal of Christ," in favor of good roads und tho repudiation of national obligations to pay interest on bonds in gold, ended last week in a ridiculous fiasco at Washington. The "army" had been marching for weeks and reached tho national capital with a force of Bix hundred. Coxoy and his lieutenants made a grand display in marshalling tho hosts on Pennsylvania avonuo, and marching with great pomp to tho eapitol grounds, where they wero urrested by the polico for violating the law against such demon strations In tho district of Columbia. General Coxoy, Chief Marshal Bl'OWno and Christopher Columbus Jones were brought before the police court under charges and released on bond. General Coxey subsequently issued a manifesto giving tho aims-and pur poses of his movement, tho main points being as follows: "Tho great cry that we hear all over this land today is, how can you relievo the distress of tho unemployed ? Not only tho workingmen, but the employ ers of labor as well, are going through a life and death struggle to keep the sheriff away from their doors. " While the opinion may bo that the distress of the laborer Is greatest on ac count of being unable to dispense of his labor to got money to purchase the necessaries of life, yet tho mental agony of tho business man is as great, if not greater, than that of tho starv ing workingman. How can you Im agine a worse condition than that of tho buslnoss man dreading for morning to appear, fearing that with it the Bliorlff will come to closo up his busi ness. "Now, this is a condition that can not bo denied, which must bo reme died, and that at once. It has been brought about through tho financial system that wo are acting under. A year ago wo had In circulation I billion of dollars in actual money One billion of dollars was In tho hands of the peo plo, making tho small exchanges : and BOO million dollars was In tho banks as roserves, and upon these reserves tho banks had creatod I billion dollars of confldonco money, or $8 confidence monoy to ovory dollar of actual money that they had in tho banks as reserves to redeem or pny tho $8 with. " This confldonco monoy was creatod by tho discounting of notes. Tho busi ness men manufacturing thoir pfo duots, and selling thorn on from ono to .-/..v,-- I J ... c.' .? four months' time, then'bringing these notes, endorsing them and depositing thoui in tho bunks and cheeking against them. Now, tho banks hud created 40'J millions of oontidoD.ce money, mak iug the exchanges of tho business men just the sume us the actual monoy, on the exchanges of the people. When tho panic came on, which was ereated by England throwing securities upon our market, converting theso securities into gold und then withdrawing the gold out of tho country, und at the same timo tho press of tho country getting up an agitation for the purpose of having tho Sherman bill repealed, claiming that if tho government did not cease the further purchase of sil ver that it would drive gold out of the country, they succeeded in creating the fear in the minds of the small de positors, and tho latter commonccd to withdraw them out of the banks, and when tho manufacturers, tho employ ers of tho very employees that had withdrawn tboir deposits from the banks, wont to tho banks to got their paper discounted, the cashier said : " 1 am sorry that self-prcservniou, be ing tho law of nature, 1 cannot discount your paper." There was no uso of him applying to any other bank, because tho condition was tho same every where. The result was, he not being able to get his paper discounted, could not get tho money to pay his employes, and must necessarily close down his works, which resulted in throwing four millions of idle ai d unemployed men upon the country. " Now, there is ono way to change this condition, that is by inaugurating a public improvement system and issue the money direct from the gov ernment, which shall be a full legal tender for all debts, and employ these men in making those publio improve ments, and puy the money direct to them without the intervention of banks, or tho necessity of paying' in terest upon this money. Then it gots into circulation. This will set all the idle and unemployed to work immedi ately, giving them a purchasing pow er, thus enabling them to go into the grocery store, tho clothing store, and boot and shoe-store und buy the neoes saries of life, clothing their families in decency, and having the money to pay for it with, which will create a great demaud for tho necessaries of life. Prices of necessities will then go up because of tho greater demand for the goods whieh will enable the mer chants to dispose of their stock at a profit, giving them a chance to pay their debts, instead of allowing the sheriff to close them out." A PROTEST AGAINST DELAY. Business Men in New York Urge Con gress (o Pass ihe 'i'ui-ifl'Bill. New York, May 3.?A mass meet ing was held in Cooper Union tonight to protest against the dilatorincss of tho Senate in passing upon tho Wilson hill. All was not harmony at the meet ing, and the income tax question was what marked the dividing of the ways. The storm broke when Frederick R. Coudert took issue with James C. Car ter, and roundly denounced the income tax measure as bad, dishonest and un democratic. One-half of tho large crowd hissed and interrupted this ex pression of opinion ; the others cheered and applauded and hurled back the epithets applied to Mr. Coudert by his opponents from the' body of the hall. An old man jumped up, shook his list at Mr. Coudert on the platform, and shouted: "Wo were paying the taxes while you were robbing us." At this pOint there was tumult. A chorus of "put him out" burst forth ami everyone jumped up. Half a dozen policemen rushed up und seized the old man, carrying him to the rear of the hall. Confusion reigned for some minutes. Finally Mr. Coudert put every one in good humor by saying that as bad as the income tax was, ho was willing to swallow it for the sake of the tariff reduction. The meeting had been called by rep resentatives of forty two business houses of the city. F.x-scerotary of the Treas ury, Charles S. Fairchild, called the meeting to order and denounced the Senators responsible for tin; delay of action on the tariff bill. He thought tho income tax an unwise measure, but there were many things worse than it, one of which was to have no income at all, which was what the public de lay would lead to. James C. Carter delivered the prin cipal speech of the evening. He de fended the income tax as the most just and equitable form of taxation. There wore manifestations of approval and disapproval when he said that, a fore boding of the tumult that broke forth later when Mr. Coudert took the oppo site stand to Mr. Carter. Mr. Carter also denounced Senators Hill and Mur phy for their attitude toward the Wil son bill. This seemed to please the large audience hugoly. Resolutions in substance Us follows wcro passed : " That wo should prefer a more con sistent and courageous measure of tar iff reform than is now pending, but we Urge that it be passed to a final vote m> that we may be relieved from the ex tortions and oppressions of the McKin ley tariIT. That while we are opposed tho income tax provision we are more opposed to the existing system of tariff taxation, which casts on the working elasses nine-tenths of the burden of tax ation and extprts from them an enor moUS tribute for the benelit of a few. "That wo desire tho income tax clauses to ho stricken out. Wo deem their retention no excuse for the vote of any Democrat against the bill as a whole and demand that every Demo cratic Senator and Representative vote for the repeal of the McKinley laws. "That tho defeat of the bill by Dem ocratic votes would be a disaster to the nation and an act of treason to the Democratic party." A GIIPAT 7? A RIFF VICTORY. A Democratic Congressman Elected From McKinley*? Ohl District. HAMILTON, Ohio, May 3.?Paul .1 Sorg, the Democratic candidate for the vacancy in the third Congressional dis trict caused by the death of Congress man Ceorge W. Honk, has been elect ed over K. G. Rahtbone, Harrison's fourth assistant postmaster general. After a campaign in which the tar iff was the issue tho district has gone for tariff reform by from 1,800 to 37000. This in the home of McKinleyism, and in spite of the fact that McKinley him self carried the district last fall by about six hundred. The solo issue raised was that of the tariff, the Wilson bill, as it passed tho House. Very rarely has a campaign so bitterly fought boon so free from personalities. The only considerable influence on tho oloctlon outside of tho tariff IsSUO was that of tho A. P. A. This was thrown against Mr. Sorg, so that it makes tho victory of tariff reform greater than appears in the returns. B.t-Consul Joseph B. Hughes, of Mamillen, estimates that Sorg's ma jority in tho third district will be 3,000 The city of Dayton gIvos Sorg 06 ma jority. It gave "McKinloy 401 majority last hill. Moifmloy's plurality In tho wholo district was 505. PAID T1110 DEATH l'BXALTY. A Negro Murtlcicr is I landed at I'Iiok irr?Me Touk Hack it <'oiit'essiou of Mis Guilt. Spooled to tho Atlanta Journal. ClIESTBR, S. C, May 4.?On tho 12th of May last year, Joo Braunen was hanged in the jail at this place for tho crime of murder. At tho same time M??so Fair and Andy Walker, both colored, wore in the next cell under sentence of death for the murder ol Isaac Wilson, and heard the death war rant of .Joe read. Today at 12 o'clock Mose Fair step ped upon the same sea Hold and mot the same awful death. Andy Walker's sentence was commuted to life im prison men t. At 11:10 o'clock the death warrant was read in a tremulous voice by De puty Sheriff Douglas in the presence of Sheriff Hood, tho ministers and re porters, after which the Hev. R. A. Childs rood the first fifteen verses of the thirteenth chapter of John. Rev. D. N. McLaughlin offered a fervent prayer for tho doomed man's soul, dur ing which Mose was earnestly praying in an undertone. His pastor and other colored ministers then talked and prayed with him. He repudiated his confession pre viously made and diod protesting his innocence. Baying, "They have robbed mo of my lifo, but they can't rob too of heaven.'* When asked if be wished to talk with his sister he said. " No, she is worried now. 1 am not." Tho trap was sprung at 11.40 and he died by strangu.ation in seven minu tes. This ended the last chapter of a fearful Ol'lino, and tho strong proof of his guilt causes everyone to believe that tho right man has utonod for it. In tho summer of 1SSD tho body of Isaac Wilson was found on the railroad one mile from the city, having been run over by the train and horribly mu tilated. No eluo was found to any crime until in the bill of 1802, when Mose Fair and Andy Walker wero ar rested and charged with his murder. The first was a mistrial. The second resulted in conviction and they were sentenced to death. An appeal was made to the Supremo Court, the- decis ion was sustained and returned to the circuit court for rescntenee. Tho ovldonco brought out the fact that Isaac Wilson was shot in a gamb ling house by Mose Fair, his head al most severed with an axe, and the body then carried to the railroad track, where it was crushed by the train. Andy Walker assisteil in removing the body to the railroad track, and upon the ovldonco and confession of Mose Fair that he alone committed the murder, Andy's sentence was com muted. NOT A CANDIDATE. Ex> President Harrison says Ho Will Not Hun Again. Cincinnati, Ohio. May 2.?l?x-Prc bldent Harrison, who is in the city at l< ndlng the annual session of the Loyal Le gion, today denied responsi bility for the publication as to bis can didacy in 1800. He did not believe Mr. H. S. Now had been correctly quoted. He reiterated his oft-re peated statement that be was not talk ing about or thinking of tho next Pre sidency, and that most certainly no ono had been authorized to act or speak for him on the subject. The ex-President said that in the future be expected " to have his say " on political matters, as he saw no reason for an ex-President becoming a mummy. He had as much right to an opinion ami to express it after leaving tho White House as before, in doing so be would refrain from personalities, confining himself to tho principles of the purl b-s. washington, May 4.?Tho Post publishes a statement from Gonorul John C. New roforringito thcireportthat bis son, Harry S. New, of tho Indiana polis Journal, bad publicly announced the candidacy of Mr. Harrison for the presidency. General N'ew said. Ti e Post has It, "tho story is a fake, and my son has given utterance to no such ex pressions." General New. weighing his words with the utmost deliberation and em phasis, continued, Tho Post su,\s: " You can stiite as coining from mo that Mr. Harrison will not bo a candi date in 1800. He has made no efforts In that direction and will make none, neither will his friends. Short of some great emergency or contingency like that which induces the patriot to take up arms for his country, Mr. Harrison's name will not go before the Republican National convention. This is in accord with his wishes, and know ing bis sentiments on the subject so well. I do not hesitate to brand the dis patch from Chicago as a fake." TO ESCORT PEARY HOME. An Expedition Pitting Out in Phil adelphia to Go to His lliiirl. NEW YORK, May 4.?The Geogra phical Club of Philadelphia has com pleted the plans for the forthcoming expedition organized to offcct the re turn of Lieutenant Pottl'y and his party to the United Stales. The expedition, to be known as the Poary auxiliary expedition of 1801, was arranged for by Lieutenant Poary be fore be started on his present venture, and the funds necessary for chartering the vessel were, in the main, supplied by him. The arranging of the UOtttils of the enterprise was intrusted to Professor Angeln Ueilprin. President of the Geographical Club, who has already made two voyages to the Arctic regions in connection with Peary's previous exiderations. Before the Falcon sailed from Port land in July last, Lieutenant Peary expressed a wish to have the ex pedition of 1804 go out under tho auspices of the Geographical Club, and, if possible, under tho direction of Profossor Hollprln. Since uriforsocn events will prevent the lot tor from go ing north, tho command of the expedi tion bus been turned ovor to Mr. Henry O. Bryant, the recording secretary of tho Geographical Club. Ho was desig nated by Lieutenant I Vary as leader in casu Profog-or lioilprln was unabb to go north this summer. Tho party will leave Now Yorkaboul Juno 24 on one of the passongi r .steamers sailing to St. Johns. At thr.t port the steam whaler Falcon will be in readiness to sail north with ii party on or about July 4. The ship is due at Dowdon Bay < i September L and nothing in the \vu\ of side expeditions will be allowed to interfere with the main objects of the voyage, tho safe roturn of tho Poary party to tho United Stutes. ?Secretary of Agriculture Morton has received tho resignation of Prof. Oharies V. Rlley, who has for many years been ehief entomologist of tin department of agriculture. Tho re signation was requested by tho Secre tary, and will take effect June 1. The position pays 12,600 per annum. ? ?Tho striko on tho Groat Northern 1 is onded. Strlkors carried ninotecn out of twenty of tholr points. STATE NEWS l\ nuil'P. Interesting; Notes from Various Sou ecu. ?The oat crop in Smnter County hi s been out oil at least one-hall, and the loss falls heavily on the farmers. ??The Ohalga Tobacco Company of ?; Walhalla shipped last week two thous ands pounds of their plug tabacco lo Richmond, Va., where they had mace a sale to tobaeco dealers. ?The State dispensary during tho i past WOOk has received 150 barrels of j whiskey. This stuff was shipped be- ' fore the Supreme Court rendered a deeisiou knocking out the law. ?Col. Gideon Lee, of New York, who contested the will of the late Hon. Phos. G. Clornsou, in favor of Iiis daughterf dropped dead from I oart failure in San Antonio, Texas, on tho 22nd of April. ? ?Hon. B. Mi Shuinun, of Grot nvillo, >vns in W alhalla last week before Judge .1. J. Norton, on an application for bail for Kloiso Gray, a oo'ored girl of Greenville, charged with infanticide. An order was signed for bail in thoium of *l,00 I. ?!Vlt. John Allen, of l'acolet an ex Confederate soldier, has just hjui a bullet extracted from tho lower third of his right thigh. He has been car rying this Yankee lead around with him ever since the lighting in front of Richmond. ? Mr. T. W. Harr, of Greenville, S. C, has just COmplotod the contract of putting a water tauk and pipes for both hot and cold water in the resi dence of Maj. Win. .1. Stribling near Walhall '.. It is a two thousand gal lons copper tank, and will supply water for all the rooms in his large two-story residence, including bath room und kitchen. ?Silas Nicholson, a farmer living in Jackson County, N. C, near the South Carolina line was implictcd several months ago in killing his son in a drunken row. The trial was set for April 20th at Webster, but while Nicholson was in the court house ho had an attack of heart d I seal , - .-. die '. almost iustnntly. He was sixty years old. One of his sons is yet to bo tried for complicity lu tho killing. -A special to tin* Augusta Journal states that Senator Butler has made great gains in Meriwether township, Kdgelield County, and that nearly Kit) out 105 members of the Democratic (dub have formed a now club and de clared for Butler and endorsed him against Tillman. II. II. Towncs, who was the Tiilnianite president of tho old olub, is now president of the now and is a strong Butler men, Tillman and Butler are both voters in this township. CRISP FOR PRESIDENT. Kx-Sonator EtlllUtlttlfl Sn.vs lie is the Logical Democratic Candidate. The Philadelphia Times publishes an interview with ex-Senator Kdniunds, of Vermont, und regarding the mit look in national politics he spoke as follows*. " I think there are sixty chances in one hundred that the Ropilbllcuns will elect the next President ami control the next House of Representatives, al though this is very hard to do because of the Smith's being kept solidly Demo cratic by traditions which cannot bo changed by living issues. The only chance for tin; Democrats is the possi ble return of prosperity before the nexteleetion. a possibility which is not at a probability." " Do you think that the Democrats are responsible for the hard times *? Yes: in a large measure manufac turers have been afraid that the tree trade plank of tho Chicago platform would be carried and that would have meant ruin to many Intorests, In ad dition the financiers and monoyod in stitutions have been afraid ?\f. legisla tion which would further tj< ,'< tho currency. True, the Wilson bill is far from being a fulfillment of the tariff pledges inudo In tho Chicago platform, -but it has made such sweeping reduc tions in cor tain departments that iis passugo means the ruin of many indus tries.'' "Of late years a great deal has been said of logical candidates. Whom do you think is the logical candidate for President of the Democrats V" ?? Well. Mr. Crisp is a logical candi date and In' is an able man, who would make a good President. No. I do not think that it would be impossible to elect a President from the South, "??anting that the Democrats could elect a Pi,.-blent." '?There are no very serious obsta cles, 1 think. Tho men who from their positions would under ordinary c'rcinn itancos bo considered the stron can didates of tho North and Kust ought now to be considered Impossibilities, as they represent factions, ami not the winde of their party. Mr. Crisp has not been engaged in any factional light," ?? However, it is difficult at this early day to say who will be nomi nated. ( i one can toll what an hoar may brim; .?rtb." ?-? ??-??!? - THE CllICAMAUGA COMMISSION. Tho following have been appointed by Governor Tillman members of the ( hicamanga commission, whoso duty it will he to go to the battlefield and mark oil the position of South Caro lina troops in that memorable battle ! II. L. Farley. Korshaw's stuff; Cupt. A.C. Appleby. Of tllO the -lib South l aroiina. st. Georgo's: Gon. C. I. Walker, Mntllgualt's Brigade. Charles Ion : C. K. Ilonderson, 10th South Carolina. Aiken : J.I). MoLucus, 8 th South Carolina, Marion: Lieut. Perry MOSOS, Culpopor'S Battery. S unter: L. P. Barling. 10th South Carolina, Longmlro's . J. Goggans, 7th South Carolina, Ninety-six : A. S. Owens, 3rd South Carolina. Power". The chairman of the national coin mission, connected with the war de partment, lias notified tho State com mission that they will be on the hftttlo Held during tho month ready to meet and confer with state commissioners. Tho South Carolina commission will go as soon as officially UOtlflod of the time the national commission will ho present. Tin: Woks oka Cottontot. -Tho Burnwoll People expresses it-- convic tions as follow about the col ton crop : We have at last learned something about cotton. It bus taken a long lime and a lot of reading, but we uro finally convinced that SV0 know nothing about tho king, and that all Southern pcoplo are In our class. Last full and wlntor WO read the cotton reports ill tho lead ing papers, tho statements of thodif foront Southern Kxchanges and State m l National Bureaus of Agriculture ind 11)0 Conclusion wo reached W'llS that the price was as sure to rise us t,ho sparks to fly upward. And now whore are we at ? Last week rocolnts if '03 COttOI) passed t he seven million halo mark and a third of the yoaryot : l come. The crop of 'U2 i.s oil! ol i bt . We own up to total, dotiso and hopoloss Ignorance and drop the sub joi I. Ho realtor WO shall spin no more, theories, weave, no more airy pictures of better times to come from tho cotton fields. Wo rest our hopes hereafter on tho corn stalk. i