Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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TUE TAH IFF DKUATIJ. 8'ii;itnr "<IIK' 8pecoli? Homo of the Kvllsol' protection ? A Htronu l?rcn onlutluit oft ho Democratic Side. Washington, April 24.?Immodi atuly after the reading of yesterday's journal, tho Sonato thold abriof oxoou tlvo session and then ut 1 p. in. tho de bate oil the tariff bill was rosumod and Mr. Mil Id closed tho M gonorul debate " on th?) Democratic side in support of tho bill. Every aet of legislation, ho said, was nooossarily an act of compromise ; and none more so than ono which imposes a duty on imports. Tho pending bill did not moot his entire approval, and ho doubted if it mot the ?>ntiro approval of any of tho gontloinen on his sido of tho chamber. But, us it was, it should have his cordial support. If ho should think that there was a prospect of im proving it, ho might oiler and support somo amendments. But whether ho succeeded in having amondmouts on grafted on it or not, ho should bow to tho collective judgment on his side of tho chamber, and should support what ever conclusion it readied. Ho believ ed that that was due from him and duo from every party man, becauso tho tariff bill was a strict party measure, and had been one since the foundation of tho government. If he bad been chosen to construct the bill, and had tho forty-four Demo cratic Senator in perfect accord with his views, ho would have constructed it on very different lines. Ho would not have loft coffee and tea on tho freo list, and taxed woolen and cotton goods or the manufacturers of iron and steel. He would have put a tax oa coffee, tea and sugar. Why? 'Becausethat would carry out tho Democratic principle of obtaining tho revenues of tho govern ment with tho least possibloburden to tho taxpayer. His Republican friends L'VM, put duties on cotton goods and woolen goods, and on iron and stool becauso in that way, while raising revenues for tho government, four or five times as much went to tho favored classes. . Ho charged the Republicans with having deceived tho farmors by tho promise that under their protective system a homo market would bo built up ; that non-agricultural classes would bo brought into the country to consume the surplus wheat of tho Northwest. And yet tho surplus product of this country, which had either to go to waste or seek a foreign market, was enormous. As to competition from India, he declared that a bushel of wheat could not be produced in India and laid down in the city of New York in competition with a bushel of wheat raised in Dakota or anywhere in tho United States; and that even the cost of transportation to London could be paid and still Americans wheat would compete there with tho wheat from India. He had boon told by a farmer from California, the other day, that ho could gather 1,200 bushels of wheat in one day at a labor cost not excoeding 2 cents a bushel, and yot Republicans got up "scary talk " to frighten farm ers about the competition with India, where ploughing was still dono with the fork of a tree and reaping dono with a small hand hook. They had been sinking to tho farmers of tho United States tho little song: ?? Hush ! Hush I Hush! The boijoy man is coming ; You've got no show, You'd hotter lio low. He'll catch you if he can." They had boon thus trying to fright on men who produced ten or tw?9ty times as much wheat as tho farmors In India, and at a labor cost fivo or six times loss. Tho Republican dootrino was opposod to trading with fovoign peoplo and wanted to build up a homo market. But here was fivo billions worth of manufactured products to bo consumed at home. How was that going to ho consumed ? In order to carry out tho Republican dootrino, people would have to bo im Sjrted to const!mo theso products. Tho oinocratie doctrine was to export tho product all over tho world, where tho people live and where they should re main. The Republican doctrine, on the contrary, was to Import peoplo to eon sumo tho surplus agricultural pro duets ; and it would bo necessary to import 33;000,000 of peoplo to do that. Tho Republicans would import Chinese and Japaneso and Soudonesc and Mal tose and Cbimpaneso to joiu Coxey's army among tho aborigines. (Laugh tor.) . Ho had been taught by his pious mother to read the Bilde, and he re membered reading of Elijah, where ho attacked the 400 false prophets of Baal and slaughtered them. It was thought then that all tho false prophets wore dead ; but it seemed that some of them got away. And they had come down to tho present t ime, and had told tho people sophistries in order to sootho them. The United States would have had in 1801 tho agonies which it was passing through now, if it had not been that the crop of 1891 had been more valuable than that of 185)0, and the crop of 185)0 more valuable than that Of 188!). Tho crop of 185)1 had in creased by $600,000,000 or $800,000,000 ii. value, and that fact had kept o:T the pt> lo. Tho panic had not come, as was diarged, with the advent of tho Democratic administration. Tho storm signal had been hoisted before. The people had been admonished to look out for squalls. And on the 8th of No vember, 181)2, tho people had felt'the squall was coining. Tho crop of 185)2 had fallen below that of 185)1 to the amount of $200,000,000, and tho crop of 18911 had fallen below that of 185)2 to tho amount of $000,000,000 in valuo. And tho country was now whore it had boon in 1885). And still they wore told by tho Republicans that tho Demo cratic administration had brought On the panic and had filled tho streets with Wretohod peoplo. But it was tho oxhaustivo taxation under tho Mc Kinley bill and tho oxhaustivo obstruc tions in it that had prostratod tho farmers of this country ; and when tho farmers felt tho strain they stretched out their arms and, like Samson, pullod tho whole fabric over tho heads of all. Great Britain Importe whoat from all countries of tho world?from Russia, Germany, France, Austria, Roumania, Turkey, Egypt, India and tho United States. It Imported r>2 por cont. of its wheat from tho Unitod Statos and would gladly tako tho wholo of its supply from tho Unitod Statos, wore it not that tho American tariff put a stop to Importations of English manufac tured goods. His Republican frionds, he said, wero vory solicitous about rec iprocity. They wanted reciprocity. So did Democrats. But what was reci procity V It meant froo trado If It moant anything. It meant rceiprocal advantages in trade. If Republicans wanted reciprocity, why would they not join with the Domocrnts and try to got reciprocity with Great Britain. Mr. Mills wont on to assort that American labor was tho chcapost in t.i e world the poorest paid, la propor tion to what it produced and that a given thing in manufacture wfca "pro duced cheaper in thc~Unitod/Statos than anywhere olso on oaryh. Hu ,Wd from ??httte*. ofToot that tho tariff was "a question of labor from skin to coro and from coro back to skin again," and ho asked why, in tho natno of tho poor, dis tressed people of the country, only a small part of tho duty on manufactured urticlos went to tho laborers. Why, for instance, was less than $3 a ton paid to the laboror for producing u ton of steel rails, whilo tho tariff was $13. 41. As to the reduction of prices on all articles which protectionists as eribod to the tariff, Mills askod why it was if Lhe tariff reduced pricos in tho Unitod States, froo trado reduced them in Great^iritain, and ho assorted that pricos had boon brought down everywhere by Improved methods of production, by machinery, by inven tions. Adam Smith, ho said, had stuck pins in tho protectionist theory in Great Britain aud the common school I in this country was sticking pins iu it i now, and would continue to stick pins in it until it was doad in this country ! as it was doad in Groat Britain. At j lirst tho theory of protection was tho encouragomout of infant manufac- i torlos, but that tho gpouud was shifted aud tho tariff was said to bo ' for tho protection of American work- | men against tho pauper labor of j Kuropo. no assorted, howovor, that tho American Workmen could only bo protected by Unding constant omploy ment; and ho could only lind constant employment when his products wore Bold at their lowest possible cost. And I their cost could only bo low whoa j taxes wore removed from all tho ma- j torials of manufacture, so that his pro ducts could go into all tho markots of the world. "Emancipate our people," Mr. I Mills exclaimed. ''Givo thorn aj chance to show their skill, thoir { genius. Glvo thorn thoir natural and heavon-born rights. Givo thorn back | the ocean ; and then tho workmen will not bo coming to Washington to im- j ploro tho government to do something j for thorn. Thoir romody is to go | homo, go to tho ballot box and swoop 1 out of oxistonco tho party which daros : 1 to pile taxation upon thorn, and , destroy thoir chanco of getting a market for tho salo of thoir goods. Tho ballot box is thoir place, not. Washington." 1 Coming to tho question of tho in Come tax, MillB askod why should not 1 wealth bo taxed. Of all tho rights, ! ho said, that depended for protection upon associated power property was tho most dependent. Tho poor man required little from tho government; and why should ho bo persecuted to death with taxation on everything ( that was necessary for his oxistonco ? When peoplo were associated to- 1 ! gcthor in government?if it was a fair : and just government?ovory citizen should contribute his proper share to ward its support; and his proper, sharo was to bo determined by tho amount which ho had to bo protected by tho strong organi/.od powor ofitho ', 1 goverumout. Ho quoted from Adam Smith as laying down tho principlo . that tho "subjects of ovory State ought to contribute towards tho sup port of tho government as nearly as ] possible in proportion to thoir re spective abilities?that ;s, in propor- 1 tion to tho revenue which thoy ro- 1 spoctivcly enjoy under tho protection : ; of the State." And ho added that tho j American peoplo intended that that ' should be done. Ho declared that ho was no com mmuuist, no anarchist, and that there 1 wan no difference in his mind between the millionaire and tho poor man as to ! 1 their being entitled to the protection of the government. If necessary ho |; would exhaust all tho resourcos or tho government to protect the millionaire j1 in all his rights. Ho would call to I arms ovory able-bodiod man from tho j Pacific to the Atlantic, in order to ' protect tho millionaire and tho poor man alike. His motto was " Equal rights to all, and exclusive privilogos to nono." On what sort of principio, ho askod, did tho owners of woalth insist that thoy should not bo taxed? Ho re called tho fact that some year.^ ago, when the State of Pennsylvania was unablo to protect railroad property at Pittsburg, Federal troops had to he j i sent there; and ho added that that railroad company had nover con tributed ono cent to tho Fodoral go\ ern ment. Tho incomo tax had been denounced to tho Scnato ? by the Senator from Now York (Mr. Hill) as socialistic, anarchistic and sectional; but when the poor laborer had to pay U8i per cent, duty on tho shirt ho woro, that tax was not so denounced. All taxos, ho repeated, should ho assessed in pro portion to tho ability of tho taxpayer to pay, and in proportion to tho pro perty which ho hud to bo protected, llo had never heard that tho Senator from New York, when ho was Gover nor of that State, had called on tho Legislature to repeal tho incomo tax there ; and if such a tax was a fair one for tho State of New York, why was it not also a fair ono for the Unitod States. It was usoless, ho oxclaimod, to denounce the incomo tax as odious, sectional and inquisitorial. It was useless to make sophistical arguments against tho right and duty of every man to contribute to tho support of tho government. It has got to bo dono. Tho American peoplo wore in oarnost about it. If this Congress did not do it, tho next would. It was going to bo dono. It was prohibitory legislation that was closing American markets and driving unemployed peoplo into tho highways, bringing thorn to Wash ington, in thousands, to pload, not for their rights, but for fallacies, more ruinous and impracticable than thoso under which thoy wore living now. In conclusion, Mr. Mills said : Thoro is a duty devolving on this body. It cannot bo oxcused. Wo must pass this bill. Mako it as good as wo can, but wo must pass it. Wo must not only, pass it, but wo must stop this business of continually talking about it, and pass It. Tho American peoplo have mado up thoir minds about this moasuro. Thoy have not sent us here to talk about it for a whole year; wo havo boon vory nearly a year in dis cussing the taxation, since tho pooplo Kent us here to oxocuto thoir will. Thoy passod upon tho quostion at tho oloction in 18!>z. Thoy did not sond us horo to hoar arguments for a now trial. Thoy sont us horo to oxocuto thoir judgment. They sont us horo to drivo tli ? protectionist criminals out of tho co. ntry ; to rcstoro prosperity, and to br ny tho country back to tho onjoymont oi its natural rights. That is our duty. It is our duty so to alter tho parliamentary rules of this body aa that wo can close tho dobato and bring tho mattor to Issue. I do not care what aro tho traditions of this body as to freo dobato. In tho oarly history of tho body thoro was no suoh thing as fillibustor Ing known. Now it is here in doflanco of all laws, and tho minority boldly as sumo that they may provont tho ma jority from executing thoir will. I say that if forty-four Senator? on this sido aro hero for the same purpoeo as I am. and If tho forty-fifth boHoatod in tho presiding olileer's chair, I would pass this bill within less than forty-eight COLUMBIA'S NEW MILL. Kuu by Klcctrlclty?Largest Factory Under One Proof?A Big TIiIiik ?'<>?? tho si ai ?? Capitol. Special to the New? and Courier. Columbia, April 25.?In Columbia to-day for the Hrst time since tho dis ponsary decision of the Suprorao Court that topic has uot been all absorbing, but instead tho new cotton mill has beon discussed. Any city on tho American continent may woll bo proud of such an enterprise. To-day tho wator was turned on by Millionaire Arotas Blood, and all Columbia is re joicing over tho long oxpected and all Important ovont. It is regarded as but the beginning of a brighter-and busier day for tho State Capital. Already tho news of tho now mill's oporatlons have gone abroad, and to-day Mr. Nichols, of Chlcopoo, Is In the city looklug out for a site for tho oreotion of a new cotton mill. Just watch Columbia and see how soon sho will bo at tho head of tho manufacturing list, llor Canal is no longor a matter of ex periment. For a long timo tho motor force for the water-works and Eleotrio Light Comany has boon gonoratcd by tho Canal, but to-day ono of tho thou ; and-horse powor dynamos of tho new cotton mill was successfully put in operation and around wont the wheel, aud in turn tho weaving machinery of what is said to bo tho largest cottou factory in Amorica under ono roof. From an early hour In tho day tho crowd began to gather around tho sito of tho now mill. Thoro were tho sub stantial business men of Columbia, sight-soers, prospectors and tho stock holders, who have made tho project a reality. Thoy saw up on tho highosl point along tho banks of tho Canal a mussivo but handsome brick structure. At a glance tho immonsity of tho building could not bo taken in. A front of about 400 foot, dottod ..with windows, was shown on tho sido facing Gorvais street, and tho width of tho building is about 150 feet. From tho midst of this structure camo tho puffs of smoko out of tho boilor room, whero tho steam for tho heating apparatus is generated. But even as largo as it is, it is said that tho building is only half finished.' Leading up to tho front doors of tho mill aro spur railroad tracks, which havo been built in anti cipation of tho business, and from tho -ide. extends tho substantial iron bridge, which spans tho Canal and leads to the wonderfully constructed power house. Across tho river on the Lexington sido aro the rows of houses that aro to booccupiod by the hundreds r>f operatives who aro to run tho mill, j Altogether it was a ptcturo of ontor prise and progress, and ono which mode every Columbian rejoice that the city had at last, through tho in- i troduction of foroign capital, opened j tho Canal to its logitlmato purposes. It would bo both Impracticable and impossible to give any adequato idea . of tho arrangement of tho mill or tho machinery In this dispatch. It will, ' however, eulllcc to say that tho owners have not spared money to got tho veiy best possible plant, and that every thing about tho place is of tho very j latest design. All old stylos of ma chinery havo boon discarded and everything about tho place Is as bright us a now dollar, ^n the, ground floor is tho plant for U ? heating and Ventilation of tho Immense building, i Tho plant is put in by tho General Firo Extinguishing Company, of Provi dence, 11. I. Thoy havo put up thoir finest class of Sturtevant heating and cooling machinery and have introduced Into the mill a complete system of aerophors which will keep tho moisture and temperature at its proper I ?tage. Tho picker rooms and tho machinery ropair shops aro also on this lloor. Tho upper floors aro used for weaving, carding, spinning and finishing rooms, and on tho second lloor aro tho general business olllces. Near the main building is tho cotton ware house, and adjoining the main building is tho plant for tho heating apparatus. Everything about tho place is largo and roomy and all of the departments havo an abundance of light. Tho chief product of tho mill will bo j cotton duck. All grades will bo manu- i faoturedi but tho chief product, it is said, will bo -lucking suitablo for sails and tents. It .s said that tho company has the latest sail making machine in tho country, and that it will make tho cloth wind-proof. Ono of tho machines will make cloth olovon foot wide. Tho exact capacity of tho mill Is not yet made up, but ono of the men said that It would amount to about tho equiva lent of 20,00(1 spindles, and that the mill would consume at least 20,000 bales of cotton. Ono of tho novelties of tho mill Is that tho only motive powor to bo used in tho oporation of tho machlnoy will bo olectricity, which will bo gonoratcd by tho turbine whcols, which aro to be run by tho power from tho Canal. Tho powor house for tho prosont will havo two 1,000-horso powor electric generators, which will communicate tho power to fifteen dynamos distribut ed throughout tho building. From euch of theso dynamos in tho building fifteen shafts will bo run, and In thut way it is said that thoro will bo a vory great saving In tho amount of friction and shafting. This is tho tirst ex periment of tho kind upon such a largo scalo, but thoro is ovory roason why tho current should work to advantage. What little use was made of It this morning showod that there was no difficulty in commanding tho powor. I Tho throo wires which transmit tho ' powor from tho powor house to tho i mill arc about the size of a man's arm and aro run under ground and onclosod in tar cases. Tho contract has, been IIHod by Chapman & Co., and thoy havo had the good fortune of having Mr. Briggs In charge of thoir forces. It 1b really remarkablo to note what safe guards havo beon taken in tho con struction of tho powor house aud tho building of tho piors. Tho powor houso is built on a solid rook founda tion, which is about twonty-llvo foot down. Tho building Is ontlroly water proof and Is solid up to tho high water mark. But moro will bo said about this mastorpioco of mill structuro at a lutor day. Tho Stockholders' hold a buslnoss mooting this morning and olectod tho following director:,: Arotas Blood, I). 11. Sortwell, E. S. Convorso, G. S. Marsh, Goorgo Wallace, Stephen Groen, John S. Jonks, Kobort K. War ing and Charles K. Oliver. All of tho old officers wore ro-efoctod, and Mr. C. K. Ollvor will havo charge of tho oporation of tho mill as Its gcnoral manager. Aftor tho buslnens mooting tho diroctors wont ovor to tho powor houso with tho expectation of starting tho wheel, but on account of some tightening up of tho machlnory it was not until a quarter of 2 that Presldont Arotas Blood turned the wheol and startod tho machinery of tho Columbia Cotton Mills. Tho directors then wont to the mill building to tost the dynamos and con eluded aboutS o'clock'. All of tho ma ohines workod with perfect oaso. It will be about a month bofore all of tho machinery Is put into operation, but in thn moanwnllo a portion of the planv. vM be uwd for oardlng and at tho oIobo of tho month tho entire plant will bo put to work and sails-mado in tbo Capitol of South Carolina will soon be fluttering to tho broezos in all ellmes. OUR GUMjS' COIjIjICGH. Its Walls Rapidly Ri?li?K?Some Idea of What it Will lie. I Rock Hill.. April 21.?Tho buslost j place in Rock Hill now is the site of tho Winthrop Normal and Industrial! College. For a time after it was set- j tied that the collogo was to bo located at Rock Hill not much attention was ' attracted there, us tho work consisted solely in excavation preparatory to laying tho foundation. Thon, too, When tho work of building was bogun, ! tho progross seemed very slow, as it consisted entiroly of work with grunito, but about u month since tho walls of tho basement story wore completed, i Since then the work seems to have boon done in a rush. Now tho walla are complotod to tho top of tho second story. All tho walls of tho basomont, inner und outer, uro of grunito. Tho ceiling in tho rooms is twelve foot high. This curries tho granite work about, eight feet abovo tho level of tho ground on tho front. In tho roar the basomont floor will be abovo tho level of tho ground ; this, with tho lino ar-1 rungoment of tbo buildipg, will allow ample light from tho sun. Just ubovo tho granite, in tho right hand cornor of tho tower, will bo (dacod tho corner-stone. This is a >look of gray sandstone, tho larger base being 41 by 37 1-2 inches, tho smaller 20 by 30, and 3 foot thick. Two faces of this will bo oxposod. On ono of theso will bo tho followiug inscrip- i tion: Winthrop Normal and Industrial Col lege. 1804. Bruce & Morgan, Architects. Thompson & Decker Construction Com pany, Builders. A. D. 1804. On tho othor faco this will appear : S. P. Dendy, G. M. Board of Trustoes : B. R. Tillman, Governor, Chairman. B. S. Joyncs, W. D. Mnyfiold. H. B. Buist, T. A. Crawford, W. J. Roddoy, R. R. Hemphill, W. N. Elder, D. W. MoLaurin, A. C. Fullor, A. H. Paitorson, F. B. Gary, J. E. Brenzealo. W. B. Dunlap, socrotary and treasuror W. H. Stowart, Superintendent. Tho granite work is finished off with a strip of sandstono six inches wide and extending all around tho building. ; Four feet above is another strip of tho samo stono, which forms a ploasing! contrast with tho dark red color of the ' brick work, and which serves as a basis for all window frames. All exposed portions of tho wall aro finished with smooth pressed brick of a deep red color. Tho front 'entranco will bo by a flight of at least ton stono stops twonty-ono feet long. These lead directly into an enclosed portico having two largo arch openings, each arch being strengthened by a very large keystone of sandstono three foot in length and two foot in thickness, both being hundsomely carved. Tho main building will bo three stories above the basement, tho tower being 108 feet from tho foundation. This will soeuro a commanding view of tho city and of the mountains. Most of tho windows on tho front sido will bo placed abovo olegant carvings in sandstone of the Corinthian order. Many of theso aro six feet in length. Tho main building will have a front of 200 feet and an extension in tho rear of 108 feet, tho wholo being in tho shapo of a " T." Tho dormitories will be oneach8ido of the main building and connected with it by covered ways 110 foot long. Each dormitory will bo Of the''Li" shape, three stories high and 22G feet each way. Tho entire building will present a front of about 800 feet and furnish an enclosed courtyard in tho rear 700 feet i long. Tho Poors of tho basomont rooms ' will bo cemented ; all rooms will bo | finished in plastor. Tho heating . and vontilatlng ap partus will bo of tho most perfcetkind. I Tho contract for tho work has just been awarded to Messrs. Hunnlcut & Bellengrath of Atlanta. Tho building will bo furnished throughout with water works. There are present ono hundred con victs at work on tho grounds. Tho brick yard, under tho managomont of Messrs. Mills & Holler, is turning out about thirty thousand brick daily. Dur ing tho noxt week they will begin with . another machine and tho output of tho j yard will ho doubled. As to tho cost of tho building tho usual story Is to bo told. After specific directions to tho architect and assur ances on his part as to the prico, it can now bo seen that tho cost of tho main building will not bo far from $85, 000. It appears, however, to bo worth every cont of this and will bo an orna ment of which South Carolina may well bo proud. Rock Rill has good roason to bo con tent with tho groat olfort put forth to gain this prize and to bo justly proud of her success. Fire In Columbia. Columbia, S. O, April 25.?Fire this afternoon destroyed tho hosiory factor,y situated within the walls of tho penitentiary and operated by pri vato parties. Tho building was ownod by tho State, and was a total loss, thoro being no insurance Tho building was valued at $8,000. Total loss by/lro was $20,000, including tho machinery and stock of goods. Tho mill was operated by convicts. Owing to tho inflamma mablo material of tho stock it wus im possible to got tho firo under control. The convicts had to quit work, and had boon marched to thoir quarters. Thoro was no stampodo among thorn, and some of thorn assisted tho firemen in fighting the flamos. The fi o is sup posed to havo boon started by a con vict, who was loft to lock up tho fac tory. John Graham, of this city, was ono of tho principal owners of tho mill. Tho hosiory,pnaohinery and stock was insurod for $9,000, In tho following companies: Southorn, $1.000; Sun Mutual. $1,000; American, of Philadel phia. $1,000; Phounlx, of Hartford, $1,500; Uartfort, of Connecticut, $2, 500 ; Georgia Homo, $2,000. Tho mill and stock wero valuod at $12,000. ?It may not bo gonorally known that Unclo Sam prints ono postago stamp that is not for sulo, -namoly, tho second-class mattorotamp. This stamp, now or cancoled. never passes out of the hands of the postofllco officials. Postago on periodicals is propaid by tho pound in cash, and tho rooolving elork cancels thoso special stamps to the valuo of tho postago thus prepaid and forwards tho canceled stamps to tho department as vouohors. ?Manufacturing is now one of tho greatest factors of Southern progress. In tho last ten years our manufactured produothas ji/mpod from $457,000,000 to $617,000.000. This Is $144,000,000 In oxeoss of tho value of our agricultural producta for 18?0. s i ii i. AT ?T3A. Conflicting Views as to tho DiNpcn s.i i v Decision?Is it Dead or Not? Special.to Tfe NewH and Courier. Columbia, April 24.?Now, tho question is, what, is South Carolina going to do with free liquor, as con strued by Governor Tillmau ? Will thoro be any opposition to tho establish ment of a saloon at every crossroad, and will such a protest be of any effect? The Prohibitionists announce that they will make tho fight. Will it bo of any forco without Executive co operation v Thoro are not a fow who think that Governor Till man, having boon defeated in his liot scliomo, tho dispensary law, has picked out what ho thinks will bring about the most confusion and disgust in tho Stato, and that he will in consequoneo oifor no objection to tho promiscuous and un licensed saloon. According to this idea, tho more tho merrier. This will all be dono to try and carry tho saloon of getting the poopTo at the next election "ioknowledge that tho Adminis. i u..i did tho grand act in placing the dispensary law on tho ; tatutc books. At tho samo timo It will, no doubt, bo seen that there will not bo an enthusiastic rush for tho re unactinont of any such law for a now Supreme Court to pass upon or for it to bo engrafted in tho proposed Con stitution. Altogether all that has boon dono is generally thought to bo for tho political effect it will havo. Up to yestorday tho saloon men here abouts had not boon aggressive, but bright and early this morning boor or liquor or anything else in that lino could bo bought with as much ease us in days of old. Tho barkoopors are for the present acting on tho froo liquor idea, but would perhaps bo per fectly willing to pay a license From what can bo gathered on all sides no legal objection to such sales will bo made by tho State. At the same timo it is a somewhat notorious and significant^ fact that Governor Tillmau has not consulted his legal department as to tho con dition in which tho Stato has boon left by tho decision. If ho has it has not been announced, as it is concodod that both of the lawyers connectod with tlfat department are of tho opinion that tho Stato is left with prohibition on its hands. This morning Chief Justice Mclver had a pleasant chat with tho news paper fraternity. Instead of giving them anything about tho intentions of tho Supremo Court ho complimented tho newspapers upon their extraordi nary enterprise in publishing tho full text of tho decision in tho dispensary caso. When ho .was asked whether the decision meant prohibition or froo liquor ho replied that he would bo very glad to answer tho question when it was brought up'before tho Court. "How can it bo brought before the Court?" I naked him. "That is for the lawyers to say," ho replied. Tho Prohibitionists say that they am not in tho least surprised at tho determination and announcement of Governor Tillman to givo thorn no assistance in carrying out what they regard as a condition of prohibition. They say that Governor Tillman has never boon friendly to prohibition, and that they did not expect any sup port from him. They say that if it comes to tho worst that tho common law provides punishment for tho freo sale of liquor i u hold by Govornor Till man. Special to The Augusta Chronicle. columaia, S. C, April 2?.?Stato Liquor Commissioner Trayler to-Jay stutod that tho dispensary knock out is only temporary, and that within a short timo something would dovolop that would enablo him to open tho big Stato barroom again. Ho said that tho stock of liquors at tho various county dispensaries would havo been called in but for the reason. It was the ught best to rccognizo tho decision of tho Supremo Court until tho matter could bo settled further, in just what manner Mr. Traxlor would not in dicate. This is a surprising pieco of information, as Governor Tillman had declared that ho was " paralyzed" and could do nothing. Columbia, S. C, April 20.?Tho firohibitionists of this Stato havo at ust officially taken a hand in the light that Is on between free whiskey and prohibition. L. D. Childs, chairman of tho Stato oxecutivo committeo of tho prohibitionists, today sent a com munication to Mayor Sloan, of this city, asking him to tako cognizance of the fact that saloons are running here without molestation or restriction. Ho tolls tho Mayor that ho has boon advised by eminent counsel that tho recent decision of tho Supremo Court moans prohibition. Tho communica tion contains no threats, but is a dis tinct warning that tho prohibitionists are now prepared for war and will light to tho hitter ond tho froo system of saloons or ovon tho lisconsing of Baloons by cities. Mr. Childs claims that tho law is expressly against the lisconsing of saloons. It is believed that, tho prohibitionist are ready for hot contests on all sides and that they will not givo or ask quarter from the whiskey elomont. Special to Tho News and Courier. Columbia, April 20.?Tho Prohibi tion oxecutivo committeo has shown its hand. Tho various municipalities havo been asked to recognize tho Stato as boing under prohibition laws and to onforco it. According to tho lcttor written to tho mayor and council of Columbia, tho committo bus engaged " cminont counsol." Colum bia, as is bor usual luck, is called upon to sot tho paco; whut that will bo remains to bo soon, and it might bo said that hor position is about as uncurtain us tilings now soom to bo with rogard to tho whole liquor quostion. To-day about 1 o'clock City Attorney Thomas was called upon for an opinion as to tho position of council, and will givo tho desirod information just as soon as ho can find tho law. Anotbor complication seoms to havo arisen : tho county troasurer is trying to find out where ho is. Ho has inter rogated Comptroller Goneral Ellorbo, his superior officer, and has boon advised that ho cannot, for tho pro sent at loast, issue any receipts or accept any money for liquor licenses. What malcoB the matter complicated is that tho usuul custom is for tho city to issuo the lincenso upon presentation of tho rocoipt of tho county treasurer. If the city council decides that it has tho authority to issue a liconso und tho county troasurer declines to givo a rocoipt for doing businoss in the county, then tho liquor men may con tinue to ask " whore they are at." Tho Prohibitionists uro very much dolighted with tho situation and think that at loast they will got something out of tho general complication of matters. Thoy seem to think that a number of municipalities will volun prohlbition and that an enforcement of prohibition laws by tho local authori ties will be more satlfactory than under tho guidance of the State constabu lary. ^ on ?heather h^nd, i* i^ozpocted by ?H ?lfte L ' ? i decide that tho Stato now has a i rut many that something will bo heard from tho state Administration ubout tho matter in a short time. There aro many who do not liko tho undue submissivoness of tho Adminis tration and think that there will soon bo a coup. Thoy do not understand why tho dispensaries havo beon ordered temporarily closed. At Aiken tho notice on tho front door of the establishment was: " Disponsary closed until further notice By order of D. H. Traxler." Tho sumo was dono at most places, and another significant fact is that all of tho dis pensoiD regard that they aro under pay. This is a pretty nlco kind of an arrangement for them, aud If a ghost of tho disponsary profits is to be shown tho dispenser ought, it seems, bo dis missed if, as the State holds, there is no further use of them. Some of tho dispensers seem to think that tho clos ing is only a temporary matter. 'How or where they got this idea is not known, yot thero may bo somothing In it. REALLY THKHK I? NO PTA" li HO A KU of cx)Nm." ?-y Although i? uat7%w$l?a wo?k-since tho decision was filed tho State board of control has not yet held a regular meeting. The only thing done up to this tiino was at the informal meeting, at which it was decided to order all disponsurics closed. No idea whs given at the time us to tho disposition of the stock, tho discharge of the employees or any of tho other business detulU. FIGHTING FOR PRINCIPLE. President Cleveland KiuIoi'hch tho Na tional Association ol' Democratic Clubs. Washington, D. C, April, 18, 1894, Hon. Chuuncy P. Black, Pres., ?See. My dour Sir : I havo carefully read the communication you lately piared in my hands setting forth tho future purposes and present needs of tho Na tional Association of Democratic Clubs. Tho achievements of this organization should bo familiar to all who aro inter ested in tho continuation of Democratic supremacy and should enlist tho en couragement of those who appreoiato tho importance of an effective dissem ination of Democratic doctrine. Your association has done much by way of cdueuting our people touching tho particular subjects which uro re cognized us belonging to tho Demo cratic faith, but it seems to mo that Its best service has been an enforce ment and demonstration of the truth that our party is best organized and most powerful whou it strives for prin ciples, instead of spoils, und thut it quickly responds to tho stimulus sup plied by an enlistment in the people's cause. This acknowledgment of tho important service rendered to the ad vancement of true Democracy suggests that the National Association of Demo cratic Clubs and every other Demo cratic agency should labor unceasingly and earnestly to save our party, in this timo of its powor and responsibility, from the degradation and disgrace of a failure to redeem tho pledges upon which our follow countrymen i ntrusted us with tho control of their govern ment. All who uro charged] on behalf of tho Democratic party, with the redemption of these pledges should now be im pressively reminded that, as wo won our way to victory under the banner of tariIT reform, so our insistence upon that principle is tho condition of our retention of tho people's trust; and that fealty to party organization demands the subordination of individual advan tages aud wishes, and the putting aside of petty and ignoble jealousies and bickerings when party principles and party integrity aud party exis tence are at stake. I cheerfully enclose a contribution to tho funds necessary to carry on tho good work of your organization, with a hearty wish for its continued success und usefulness. Yours very truly, Orovbr Cleveland. CULTIVATING MELONS. How to Raise Melons Weighing One liiiikired Pounds. In selecting a piece of land for molons, I choose ono with a light sandy soil, one thut is fully permeable to tho air, heat and moisture. (Tho same land was planted in cotton tho year pre vious, and made 7(H) pounds of seed cotton per acre.) The ground was broken broadeast in March, and in April was rebrokem crosswise. Tho earth was excavated to a depth of 18 inches und about three foot square for the hills, at a distance of eight feet euch way. und wa8 filled four inches deep with corn cobs, then lillod to a level of the surface with rich earth to which had been added one pound of BUpor-phosphate, eno gullon of hard wood ashes, and two pounds of cotton seed meal. (Doublo the amount of rotted cotton seed will do.) Tho melons were planted tho lust of April. About eight days after tho young plants made their appearance, they were thinned out to one in each corner, and tho ground plowed and harrowed thoroughly, throwing tho dirt toward tho hills. I continued to plow and narrow at short Intervals until tho vinos had attalnod a growth of two feet, thon all cultivation ceased except a small amount of hand-weeding where it was necessary. As soon as each runner, or lateral) had a perfect melon on it, the end was pinched off, und after thoro were from four to six laterals, euch with a perfect melon thoroon, tho end of the main vino wus cut olT. I dusted tho vines freely with air slucked limo to prevent bugs from injuring them, and watered with liquid manure where thoy needed it. From ono of tho vines 1 procured a melon that weighed 102 pounds ; ton of the largest weighed I'M pounds. Intelligent melon culture pays, and pays woll; taking into count tho amount of labor, and cost of fortlizers, there aro but few crops that pay any | bettor, bringing in tho money, too, at a timo when (for tho ordinary farnler) money Is apt to bo source. 1 am of the opinion that good melons may be raised with as little expense as sorry ones, and much greater profit. Where other fruits, such OS apples, pouches, pears, etc., aro destroyed by frost, molons are doubtly valuable. Unlike other fruits there ih no off year for them. As tho fertilizers aro applied exclusively to tho hill, there is no land so poor but that with intelligent cultivation pro duce u paying crop. Tho cultivation of tho soil between tho hills simply serving to retain tho moisturo from ono ruin until tho novt. Molons do not requlro deop plowing, but shullow cultivation is preferable. Ono aero, planted In molons and cultivated us described above, will not the fortunate possessor 1160 to $201?, besides furnishing tho family with an abundance of hoalthy, luscious fruit. Which pays best: wboat at $20 per iu re, corn $20, cotton $-10, or molons at $200 ??Southern Llvo Stock Journal. ?A Southern hotel advortisos among its attractions " A parlor for ladios thirty feet wldo." This Is probably to acccomnlodftte the ?ig sleeves now in fooht/VM 1 THIS CONFEDERATE VETERANS. Tho Great McctiiiK ?" Birmingham? I'riHTi ciings ul' a Memorable Oc casion. Tlio Confederate rc-'inion at Birr, minghnm closed on Thursday, after a delightful session of two days. The following oflleors wore elected for tho ensuing year: Commaudor-in-chicf, Gen. John B. Gordon of Georgia, ro-eloctod. Commander of the Army of North ern Virginia, Gon. Fitzhugh Leo of Virginia. Doputy commander of the Army of Tennessee, Gou. Stephen 1). Loo of Sturkovllle, Miss. Commander of trans-Mississippi de partment, Gen. W. L. Cabell of Dallas, rex., re-elected. Chief clerk und stenographer, Miss Amanda Childress of New Orleans. General, second in command, Gen. W. II. Juckson of Tennessee. Invitations for tho next re-union were extended by Houston, Atlanta und Richmond. Houston was ehoson. A resolution was udopted recommend ing that the Southern '<>8 buy the spots occupied by tho L<?fc-.vdorates on tiio Shllon bultloUold und murk tho positions of tho Southern lines. A fitting ending to tho fourth re union of the United Confederate Vet* erans und by far the greatest feature was the parade und review, followed by tho laying of the corner stone of u monument to tho memory of tho deud of the Confederacy, to be erected in Cupitol Bark. At 4 o'clock the column was formed on Avenue E. and Twenty-first street und bended by u hand of music from Mobile, murehed steadily up Twenty first street und across tho beautiful bridge to Park Avenue, where it pass ed in review before General John B. Gordon, Commnnder-in-ehief, United Confederate Veterans. There wore enmps from all tho Southern States in line and ull the sur veying gcneruls with their staffs, to* gother with the three local military companies visiting from other town, tho A. and M. Colloire cadets from Auburn, University of Alabama (Tus galoosa) cadets and Howard College (East Lake) eadets, and a fair estimate of tho number of men in tho ranks, places it at 4,000. There were Innum erable carriages and the procession was viewed by fully 35,000 people. Tho column was a milu long, the veterans and tho sons of veterans marching in fours. Enthusiactic outbursts greeted the old battle-scarred veaterans and tho many Mags, relics of the " Lost Cause," were recipient of loving trib utes. The bands played martial airs, the rebel yell was heard, Hags and handerehiefs wero waived and it was altogether a sight never to bo forgot ten. At Park Avenue, tho column passed between two longs rows of beautiful school girls, drossed in white euch with a basket of Hovers, which were handed to the battle-scarred veterans and sons of the Confederacy. Passing in front uf the reviewing stand whereupon was Gen. John B. Gordon, the Governors of tho States, tho representative stars and the spon sor of Camp llardeo together with their maids, they greeted them, with cheer ufter cheer, which together with the booming of cannon, playing of the band and cheers of tho multitude made the welkin ring. It was a grand and inspiring spectacle After the review, tho ceremonies attendant upon the laying of tho corner stone was gone through with in an imposing manner. Gen. Stephen D, Leo of Mississippi delivered the address which was a master-piece of oratory. Other distinguished speakers were present and the corner-stone was placed in position in an appropriately solemn manner by the Grand Master of Masons, Hon. Franx L. PettUS. Thus ended the greatest reunion of ex-Con federates ever known. THIS PROSPECTS BRIGHTENING. Tho Democrats Solidifying?The Tariff I Question May Be Settled by Juno. WASHINGTON, April 20.?Tho Demo cratic members of the Senate Finance Committee tonight believe they have finally reached an understanding with the conservatives whereby they will be able to make such amendments to tbe pending tariff bill as will draw to it tho united support of the party and enable them to pass the measure by the early part of Juno. It is understood that as soon as the Republicans are convinced that the majority has soldi lied they will close debate on their part and permit the bill to come to a final veto. Tbe Interview Secretary Carlisle had with the Democratic members of the Finance Committee to-day was of the most satisfactory character, and the members were to-night greatly encour aged over tho outlook. The lncomo tax will be amended by making that tax operative for a fixed term of years, probably not more than live. It Is not improbable that the limit of exemption may bo reduced to something below $4,000. Many of the inquisitorial fea tures will also he expunged and tho manner of collecting the tax simplified. It Is also known that the sugar sched ule will DO changed from a specific to an ad valorem duty, and that it will be lixed at 10 per cent, ad valorem on all sugars, and one-eighth of a cent ad ditional on all refined sugars. Coal, iron ore and lead ore will remain the same. A few of the industries of NOW York and Now Jersey will also he given a slight increase in tho rates now imposed by the bill. There wero numerous conferences to-day between Senator Jones, who ap pears to he managing tho matter, and other members of tho party, and Mr. Jones this evening said that he be lieved that the party was DOW practi cally united on the terms of tho bill. Of course there are, naturally, a num ber of minor details still to ho worked out, but the results will be made at the eaidiost possible day in tho shape of amendments that will be offered to tbe bill. ?Prospective brides may bo inter ested to learn that there are thirty two days In the year on which, it is ?taid, it is unlucky to marry. They arc Jan. 1, 2, 5, 7. 10; Feb. (i, 7, 8; March 1, 0, 8; April (5, 11 : May 6, 0, 7 : June 7, 15; July 5, 18; Aug. 11, 19; Sept. o, 7 : Oct. 7 ; Nov. 15, and Dee. 15, 2(1, 27. Tho other unlucky days number .'l.'M. ?"I fully Intend marrying some day," Novelist Brown told an Ameri can visitor, " if only to have tho con vonlonco of using my wife's hairpins to clean out my pipes." ?Miss Emily L. Gerry, probably the only surviving child of a signer of the Declaration (Elbridgo Gerry.)celebrat ed hor 02nd birthday recontlv in New Uavon, where she has lived for half a contury. ?President Harris, of tho Maine State College, is ono of tho youngest men in chargo of a great educational institution in tho country, boing only ."10 years of ago. ?It Is said that an immense bod of phosphate rock has boon discovered in Bradley County, Tonn., about 20 miles , abovo ChattanooeJa. The vein Is 16 STATE NEWS IN lililK Interesting Note? iVoiu Various v oca. y. ?S. T. Innbinet, of Denmark, re ly shipped two barrels of lottuiv,. Hiehmoud, Va., and ono to Ashovia N. C. ?Tho President has nominated in tho following postmasters for Soui Carolina: C. J. Shannon, CanidenP Mrs. L. E. Norrie, Aikon. ^ ?The board of directors of tho Pontt tontiury have decided to extend tho hosiery factory. A contract to extend 1 the building sixty feet has just beotty awarded and work will be at onco com menced. ?Tho State Board of Medical Ex- 4 aminers held its first meeting on the * 24th last, in Columbia. The examina tions were oral, and thirty-ono appli cants for licenses to practice medicine were passed. Three of this number wero colored. ?The residence ol G. M. Harmon, ; editor of the Lexington Dispatch, and the otlice of the Dispatch were destroy ed by Uro on tho morning of the 2f>th inst. Draft's hotel and storo wero also destroyed. Loss about >t>ll,Ue?: Buranoe not known. ?Tho Comptroller Goneral has sent out to the clerks of court of the coun ties of the State the pension warrauts. The money can bo drawn and paid out at once to the anxious pensioners. Eaoh old soldier or tho widow of a soldier will receive about $-'22. ?Jack Prince, the professional bicy clist, won a twenty-mile raco against three fast horses at Columbia on last Thursday afternoon. Tho raco was run in exactly one hour, ono minute and forty-two seconds. After having a raced nearly twenty miles he made tho last quarter in .'18 seconds. ?Collector of Revenue Townos has appointed Joseph Ouzts, of Edgnfiold, us deputy collector of the fourth di vision of this State. Mr. Ouzts is a son .j of Shortff Ouzts, of EdgeOoJd. and is a ' young man. Tho division comprises the following counties: Oconoe, Pick-' ens, Anderson, Abbeville, Newberry and Edgellold. ?Tho first 'known application of electric power to cotton manufacturing was made last week on the Columbia canal. The success of the experiment will revolutionize mill construction. Canal sites will be of secondary im portance. Mills can be established within any reasonable distance of a water power. The dynamo does tho rest. ?Tho recent decision of the Su preme Court of this State on the Dis pensary law contained about '22,000 words. Associate Justice Popo's de cision contained about 13,000 words and that of the majority of the court 8,700. It is believed that the court would he glad to hear a tost CUS0 as to whether prohibition is now in foi^e in " this State. ?Stock is being taken at the State Dispensary. It is not known exactly ? how much is on hand, but it is esti mated that the total amount is about $00,000. in addition to this it is said that the county Dispensaries owe tho State institution about $110,000. Tho State, therefore, has a stock of goods on hand valued in the neighborhood of $200.000. ?The State Board of Control has al ways required that Dispensers should protect Dispensaries from fire and stealing even if necessary to sleep in the buildings. It is understood that since tho robbery of the Dispensary at Sumter orders have been issued that the rules must be strictly complied with in the future. This is to guard against further robberies. ?The railroads are about ready to pay the back taxes due the State. The payments are to be made within a .week ami must he made to the county treas urers. In addition to the amounts owing to eaoh county the roads must pay the 15 per cent, penalty and all costs where, executions had been Is sued. The total amount due the State by the road8 is about $200,000, ami this will be a snug sum at this time. ? The dispensary at Sumter was robbed on the night of the 23rd. Some one entered by a false key which was on a bunch of keys which the party left in the front door, .lust how much was takon from the place is not known at this writing but it is said that there are eight kegs and several eases gone. The dispensary is located in the Ma sonic Temple in the most public place in tho city,I and it is said that a wagon was used. ?The transfer of the Columbia poatollicc was made last week. Everything svas turned over to Cid. William Wallace, the new postmaster, and Postmastor Clayton severed his connection with the Olftco. Tho changes, if any, will bo made slowly. All the prosont force will he retained, it is thought, for some time, as tho now postmastor does not want to Im pair tho ofiHoicncy of tho postal service and will not do so. ? Constable Cain, charged with tho killing of Lewis Rod mend at Dai ling ton, was released f"OUl tho Peniten tiary Inst week ami is a free man. lie went to Charleston and will go from there to his home in Burnwcll County. The bond of $4,000, in which sum Judgo Watts authorized Cain to bo ad mitted, has boon given by tho accussod, Elve prominent men signed the bond. McLondon is still In the Peniten tiary, but his friends are preparing his bond, lie will be turned loose in a few days. ?The greatest disaster that has hap pened for many years to RidgC Spring, tho finest fruit section of the State, is the rccont cold snap which totally de stroyed the fruit crop for this year. There are shipped from this point and Monetta, ihr00 miles distant, every year from (10,000 to 75,000 crates of fruit, bringing at an ordinary niarkot from 70 cents to $1 per crate ; bringing in tho aggregate from $10,000 to $50, 000. Thoro will not be a poach to ship from this section this year. With the fruit crop goes the crate making busi ness, which is a new industry started this year by J. W. Seigier & Son. and a largo percentage of the OUI'SOry busi ness. The canning factories will havo to remain closed. ???Mflf?? ? . Urn -. ?Governors and ox-Govornors have tho luck of getting senatorial seats. Mr. .larvis. of North Carolina, affords tho latest instance of this. Zeh Vance was another ex-Covernor. And the Now York Sun furnishes the following list of senators who have been Gov ernors : Senator Berry, elected Governor of Arkansas in l*sj ? Sonntor Ilawley, elected Governor <>f Connecticut in 1806; Senator Gordon, olectod Govern* or of Georgia mi l880;Sonator pollum, eloctod Govomor of Illinois in IS70; Senator Palmer, elected Governor of Illinois In 1808; Senator Kill, oleotcd Governor of New York in 1885 and re ulOCted inlSS.S; Senator Harris, elected ^Governor Of Tennessee in |h:><) and 1801 ; Senator Bate, elected Gov ernor of Tennosseo In 1882 ami 1884? Senator Coke, elected Govornor of Toy ""?'tu 187G und '^nator Sou* r*_;_-?? -_.