The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, August 24, 1887, Image 1
EMPSON MILUS.
?Htcr Hipp
Lo
YOL. ?.
LAI KENS C. LIM S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1886.
big job of Clothing
_Baltimore Fir?.
THE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.
SOMI'! BUUGKSTIONS ON A VKUY IM
POKTAN r M it.? ic T.
A ltevlew ?>r (iu> Arguments Used Against
Our 1*1*080111 system ot I* ubi Iv Cd noni Inn.
To thc Editor of tho Nowa and Gouri
or: Tho question how wo cnn best odu
cite young men in order to lit thom for
lifo, and for it? two-fold (struggle, partly
against the ml verso forcea of nature,
partly against the ever increasing intel
lectual and industrial coxnpotiti? o of
other trained communities, should mos!
deeply engage every thoughtful and
patriotic citizen of tho State. As tin's
duty to tho rit.ing generation is ono of
the gruvcat that can possibly arise itt tho
whole category of individual, social and
oivio responsibilities, il. should ho ap
proached soriously, gravely, oarnostly,
reverently, with an entire freedom From
prejudice and passion, and ?tu eye singlo
to tho ascertainment of truth, Unfortu
nately the question of education han not
heretofore been considered in this earn
est, patriotic spirit.
The present controversy (it eau scarce
ly he called a discussion) over the best
methods of education of youth in tho
stu .lien "pertaining to agriculture aud
tho mechanic arts" lads fair to go tho
way of nil others of its kind, and to ho
decided not on its merits, hut in accord?
ance with the way in which it alfeots
conflicting individual or local intoiests,
Now if tliin discussion were unimport
ant, so that no great harm would n snit
from a decision in any direction, tho
public could ail'ord to leave a few dis
putants to fight it out. But inasmuch
os South Carolina hos always been, and
most probably always will bo, au agri
cultural State in spite of booms and
tariffs and other alleged *'diversifying"
influences, so that her ehiof wealth will
bc derived directly from the ?oil by tho
toil and sweat of a largo pro por Iii n ol
her people, it is munnin st ncc? ssity that
this problem of tho improvement of hor
extracted industries be solved with cor
rectness and solved with dispatch.
Ju tho tierce competition of tin day
the State has no time to loso, ll lt ll
blunder nany bo worso than i crime. A
fabo step may'cotjl h? r thousand of
dollars directly omi millions in its eon
Borjuenoos. Sho is, therefore, comp Hod
to avoid apathy oil ono hand and too
great haste on the other. She nut ' nol
promptly, but she must act wisely. She
must be nure she is right and tuen go
ahead. I sincen ly hoja; that, tho dis
cussion ol this question will become
general. Fall aud free debat?' ii the
safeguard of a republic The sovereign
people may be trusted win n they ut dor
stand, bul a people misled is a danger
ous tyrant, i give crodil for sim rity
and honesty of purpose to all who !? ivt
thus for hud anythiug lo say upon thc
subject. I toko it for granted that tuoj
have no desire to prop1:;rab; ern r or
to win their eau SO in any other way than
by sound reason based on undisputed
foots.
Nevertheless tho publie demain s in ih
own interest that those who assume to
teach must lirst thoroughly aoq uni
themselves with their subject; or t al ti
they fail in this, then mistakes um ! be
pointed out by somo one oise, in the
interest of t ruth, 'iud ot' ii serious, em
did, dispassionate discussion of this im
portant measure, I desire to com ct -ona
of the errors ol' fact, express or implied,
that hove orepl into tho discussion.
lt hos recent ly been slated by several
persona and newspapers that nu leas the
Stale establishes a special agricultural
college she cannot scouro the bom : ol
tho Congressional "Hatoll Act," which
appropriates $15,000 a year for agricul
tural ami scion ti ?o exp?rimentation.
Whether this is true or not cnn be soon
by reference to tho following sections ol
the Hatch Aid as passed:
"Section 1. I!'1 it enacted, ?Ve., That
in order to aid in acquiring ond diffusing
rniong tho peopli ol tho United Staten
useful and practical information on MI!?
joots connected with agriculture, there
shall bo established under dirt otu u of
thc college or colleges or agricultural
departments of colleges In each Stale or
Torrito-iy established, or which nun
hereafter bo established in accordance
with tho provisions of an Act approved
duly '2, 1802, a department to bo known
and designated tia on agricultural experi
ment station: Provided that in any Statt
or Territory in which two .'such col logon
have been or may bo BO Ofltoblishod, thc
appropriation hereinafter made lo such
Sbite or Territory shall po equally divid
ed between such colleges, unless the
i*ogislaturo of such State or Territory
shall otherwise direct."
"Section H. That in States having
colleges entitled under this section to
liic benefits of this Act and having also
agricultural experiment station? istab
liahod by low separate from ?aid col
logo?, such States shall bo authorized to
apply Hiieh bendita to experiments al
stations t.o established by such Stales;
and in caao any State shall have estab
lished under the provisions of said Act
of July 2, aforesaid, an agricultural do
pin tm,-nt or experimental Htation in eon
nection with any university, collogo ot
Institution not distinctly un agricultura
college or school, and such State shah
havo established or ?hall hereafter estab
lish a Beparate agricultural collogo oi
school, which shall have connected
thei ew it ii ntl experimental farm or sta
lion, the Legislature of such Stab; ma)
.vpply in whole or in part tho appropria
?ton by this Act modo to such separat,
agricultural college or sohool, and no
Legislature ?hull by cont rivet, express or
implied, disable il ell from so doing."
Section 1 directs tho appropriation lo
bo maxie to "any collogo or college? oi
agricultural deportments of college?,'
and Section H odds that in caeo thor,
shall bo a separata 'agricultural expori
mental station tho Legislature ia author
izedl (not required) lo apply tho fund t
Vt, And in CAM; a separate agrionltturt
Vlfj liege shall bo thereafter ostabllahoi
mo L?gislature may appropriate tl.
whole or ? part of this money to frttol
oollego.
This oxtract shows loaf* there ia n
W&nani whatovtr for tho statement Ibu
a separate agricultural oollego is n pi?
roipiiaito for on apir ipriation. Th
Stat? of Now York which has a sopu*ab
experimental station, and an agricultural J
?? ?-.Ti^.yyT.T^iw. tj- iiinitrajj-.i-iuarB.M?Hi
annox to Oornoll University, has just by
Aol of tho Legislature given thu appro
priation to Oornoll. Tho Hatch Act ?H
thereto; : removed from the arena of
debato.
Mr. H. li. Thomas, of Wcdgottold, in
a letter to the News ami Courier, dated
April 23, 1.S77, said: "Now if this coun
ty ia an average, then out of the $-10,000
appropriate i | to tho Colloge and Oitadol ?
tho tanners pay 030,000 a year to edu
cate lawyers, doctors, preachers and sol?
diors, wbde nowhere in tho ?Stale can a
farmer's boy gel a practical agricultural
and mechanical education."
Dunder county is not an average, and
tie.' farmers do ?ot pay three-fourths of
thu State UtXCS. tl they did no one
would grudge them tho hard-earned
wealth that those taxes represent; and,
besides, it makes little di l?e renco what
class pays the most taxes so long aa ? ach
individual bears his just burden, for tim
State is au aggregation of individ?ala,
not of eta ses. Hut when such a state
ment forms tho justification (d' tho
charge that the farmers aro swindled, it
should not be made unless known to bo
true.
The report of the comptroller general
for last year i page 100) gives a statement
af the State taxes, the only source from
which comes tim appropriations for the
College and the Citadel. From thia re
port ii taken the following tmuuuan, :
Total State funds from
taxation, royalty, li
censes, .Vc . . ... $706,312
laxes paid by railroads,
nal catato in cities
and towns, personalty
in Charleston and Co
lumbia.$208,008
Phosphate royalties 100,000
Incense fees. 4,005
Bal. from other sources $100,001
This balance, about 10 pot cent, of the
total revell?n-, includes not only taxes
naiil by farmers, but all country prop?
.tty, and all personalty in towna and
mies outside of Columbia, owned by
i'heis Hum farmers. Tin se would ofl'ect
du- taxer, paid by farmers under other
lea ls. Scarcely a pound of river rock
s used in South Carolina and the royal
ty is, t boro fore, paid by the mitiiug
.ompunies or by foreign consumers,
rbis statement is sullioiontly accurate to
.how that, tim fr.:mers do not pay tbrce
'olirthS ot Hie taxes.
Tle-re aro so many bettor reasons than
.his why farmers should have full con
adoration that they can well afford to
lispense with li.
In the second part of the sent-nee
ploted the writer is again in error; lor
IS neither tho College nor the Citadel
SOntaillS a special department in theology
ir in medicine, it cannot be said that
he State "educates preachers and doc
:ors," unless the writer means that a
{Choral literary, scientific and polite
mlturo is intended for punchers, doc
tors and lawyer.' alone, and that farriers'
loni cannot or ought not derive any ad
vantages therefrom, ile could liol con
scion ly tale- any such position ho un
just to the farmer and Iiis son. l iven
ivoro there no technical agricultural in
struction in the College, tho sons of
[armi rs would still enjoy in common
with all others that general training
which is of the utmost importance in
m tbliug its possessor to cuter into this
tierce intellectual competition now luging
throughout the oivilizod world, thc want
>f winch training oom pels the fanner's
jon or anybody else's son to hike a back
teat or bo run over.
But the Slate does lunch more. Not
inly giving tho fanner's son that broad
..ulturo he cannot secure in a low grade
pecializcd school, she provides for lum
i separate department, in which he can
di o obtain special technical, practical
raining. Students who desire to bo
joule lawyers are shrewd enough gen
erally to take a thorough neild, mic
course and finish off in tin* law depart
uent, and farmers' sons should ut least
receive the same kind of preparatory
?raining in order to lit them to cope willi
these alleged "enemies of their race
Again, us military training is one of
lie. lentil res in all separate agricultural
tollegCS, tho Citadel should not be re
viled for training "soldiers."
AH it i-- still a mooted question what
constitutes a practical agricultural adu
lation, it can only be argued, not
proven, whether this State gives such or
?ot. But tho fuct is that Hu- plan ol
ttdnontion provided i?y South Carolina ls
n tho same linc as that given by twenty
four States in the I nion, audits legality
ls recognized by Congress, by Legi lu
ure- of States, and by a large majority
if tho people of the Uit'iou.
The charge that tho farmer's son can
not obtain a practical mechanical educa
tion can be directly disprovd. Thirty
>r forty students (luring the past year
liavc been engaged iii tho workshops of
the South Carolina College, and when
ti.ey shall have completed their course
they will know more about ordinary
wood and iron work than many of tim
;arpenters and blacksmiths in tho State,
liesides being thoroughly trained in mo
.balneal drawing and in tho theory of
machinery, kinematics, mechanical
technology, ?vc. it is a question of taste
whether it is bettor for the fanner's son,
ar lawyer's, or doctor's, or preacher's
non to pay money in college to learn
how to fork manure, cut wood and oho])
cotton, without knowing how to handle
tools, or to permit him to acquire the
details or unskilled labor ut home, and
learn at college how to frame buildings,
weld tires, sharpen ploughs, rig up ma?
ohincry and do othor skilled operations
which woupi otherwise entail a loss ol
time and money.
Tho i\ii8?i?Mipi>i Collogo pursues tho
former course; tho South Carolina tho
latter. M annal labor is required ill both
places, tho only difference being that the
South Carolina Collcgo gives that train
ing which cannot bo given at home,
while the Mississippi Collogo, during it
seven years of exodenco, has taken no
stops to give instruction in tho uso ol
toole, or other skillod mechanical labor.
As already said there aro between thirty
and toity students in tho South Candi.m
College acquiriug this practical mechan
ical training. Tho charge, then, that
the farmer's eon cannot sec ti IM this train
ing must be charitably ascribed to shc*r
ignorance, but to ignorance hardly ex
cusable, since a half IIOUI'H visit to th?
Culb ge or Ovo minutes pcrnsal of it
catalogue would havo dispelled it. i>.
Columbia, B. C.
"Crass widow" is a misleading tem.
Buch widows aro never grevu.
ri- -?MI ???umiiwiM.ni III in
Wiirri:si.AVi;HY IN COLONIAL TIM KS.
Kedouiptloiiera or Tenn Slavo8--Free
AVlilcrs UIMI Indented Servituts,
(From tho Now York Post.)
Many persons who consider themselves
familiar with thc history of this country
aro not nwaro that in tho last century
white mon, women and old ld ron were
held in bondage; that tho colonial laws
in favor of such servitude were as ex
plicit and severe as were those in sup
port negro ."?lavery. Such white persons
owing a personal service to individual
masters were generally known as "tenn
slaves," though their legal status was
represented hy tho word "redemption
er."
isaac Weld, Jr., in his hook of travels
in America, published in tho last cen
tury, asserts that it was tho custom of
shipmasters at Rotterdam and tho 1 lause
towns to inveigle tho people on to thoir
vcssols, under promise of free passage to
America. On reaching the colonies un
nouueoment of tho arrival of mechanics
and laborers would bo made, and per
sons in want of such would Hock to tho
shops, and tho poor Gormans would be
sold to the highest biddors, tho capt lins
pocketing tho proceeds.
Rcdemptioners constituted in tho
early pnrt of tho eighteenth con tu ry a
peculiar feature of colonial anxiety.
They were recruited from among all
manner of people in tho old world, and
through lliin channel Europe ompliod
upon America not only the virtuous poor
and oppressed of her population, but
tho vagrants, felons and dregs of her
Communities. There was thus establish
ed among tho settlers a society that, in
ninny places, wa? almost imbued with a
moral pestilence. Among the rcdemp
tionors, however, were a fair proportion
of sturdy souls, strong in purpose and
endeavor, who appreciated tue great
opportunity created for them by this
complete change of lifo and country.
At the expiration of their t rm of ser
vice many, by thrift and industry, ele
vated themselves to respectable posi
tions, and were absorbed in the middle
class.
There were two kinds of rcdemption
ers- "indented servant i," who had
bound themselves to their masters for ll
term of years previous to leaving tho
old country, "froo-willers," who, laing
without money and desirous of ?migrai
ing, agreed with the captains of ships to
allow themselves or their families lo bo
sold on arrival for the captain's advant
age, and thus repay costs of passage and
ot li? r expe nses. 'J.'he former indented
servants were oftou trapped into Ha ir
engagements by corrupt agents at home,
who porsundod them all under false
promises of tender and humano treat
ment, and assurances of remunorativo
employment at the expiration of servioe,
which would insure a competent provis
ion for tho remainder of their days. Thc
emigrants often discovered on arrival
that the advantages to bo obtainod in
Amorica hud beon painted by tho agents
in much too alluring colors. Frequently
their mostC4S forced thom to most rigid
labor and exorcised an unnecessary
severity.
Tho froo-willors suffered even worse
treatment at tho bands of shipmasters
and agents. They woro led to believe
that on arrival in America their services
would bo oogerly solicited by persons
who would gladly pay the costs of their
passages; which being only Cl), tho
?migrants would soon boablo to repay,
tho emigrants would soon bt able to
repay, ami thus bc able to secure thoir
liberty and all the enjoymont ami pros
perity that the 110W country olo red to
adventurers. Agreements wen. entered
into whereby those dolude?! ones bound
themselves, that if, on arrival, they did
not succeed within a certain number ot
days in securing employment on their
own terms, they could bo sold for a t> rm
ot years to defray the olllirgCS for their
passages. Alas! tVj "free willora," with
raro exceptions, hod a rudo awakening
on reaching tim colonies. Undor thoir
agreements the captain had a legal hen
on tim persons of the omigrauts until
the ship charges were paid: consequent
ly they wi rc not allowed to go on shoi'O,
but were exposed to view on deck to the
people who e imo on bonni iii search of
servants. Except in cases of extraordi
nary qualitioations, vojy hw of them
were happy enough to make their own
stipulations, and they found themsolvct
sold for several years of tedions labor
and servitude.
Tho terni.? of conditions of servie?
differed in tho dilVoront colonies. Among
tho archiven of tim Pennsylvania his
torical Society aro some original bonds,
or agreement?, between ship captain!
and rodomptionors. From thom wi
learn t liai th?: usual price poid in thal
colony for three years' scrvico was C2-J
ls. and dd. When his tinm had expire?
a man was entitled to receive two stliti
of clothes, ii grubbing lu e, a wcediUf
boo nnd a now nxo. Children sold foi
from ?S to ?10, and thoir masters wen
required to see that they were taught t<
read and write, and hail at least om
quarter's schooling.
In Now Jersey -according to "bruni
inj and Spicer - no white servant) i
sold or bound after seventeen years o
age, could servo above four years. I
undor that agc, they were to be free Ol
reaching thou; majority. At tho expira
tion of service their master woro oblige?
to supply thom with two good suits o
clothing, suitable for ii servant, on
good felling axe, one good boo, am
se vt o bushels of Indian corn. A serAnn
was to be immediately freed in case 0
being so abused by master or mistress a
to result in tho loss of an oyo or a tooth
Tho laws against uiding rcdomptionist
to escape were v?>ry severe. A line o
?5 was imposed for offering assistant
in such cases, and tho aider ami nbotto
was obliged to mako full satisfaction t
master or r.iistrecs for all loss, dam.q;
or cost sustained by tho absence of t
search for the runaway. Any ono wli
concealed or entertained an absoondio
redemptioner could be lined at tho ?Iii
orotion of the court, arni be made to pa
ten .-.hilling., to tho owner for cooli da
he bad harbored tho servant.
It was not unoommon for thrifty (le
mans, who woro possessed of cootie
money to pay thoir passages and to d
fray tho first cost of settling to ailo
themselves to bo sold advantageous!
and on favorable terras. This wan i
order that during thoir servitudo tin
might have an opportunity ol learnii
tho language ami of growing familn
with tho manners, customs and instit
tiona of tho country.
lu looking buck on the pcculiaritk
changes pud gradations of society
New Jersey's colonial day, it ?B curious
to nulo how tho well-to-do emigrants
who brought with them or purchased
after arrival redemption servants, often
lost the prestige of their alllueueo; beiug
unable in the new country to maintain
their rank ami influence. Their humble
servitors, however, inured, by hardship
and labor tu tho store necessities of
colonial existence, prospered and throve.
The bond people, after staving thoir
tim?-, acquired ?ami and homes by dili
gence and saving; it was not uncommon,
in tlie second generation, to find them
talcing precedence of the children of the
.'na 1er who had owned their time during
tho first years in the country. Tho
alttuent immigrant, having been accus
tomed to case, proved unequal to thc
struggle, and his children, through
fundy and ignorant education, rapidly
deteriorated.
Tho Cotton Muvouiont.
The New Vo.k financial Chronicle, in
its review of the movement of tin? cotton j
crop for the week ending on tho night j
of August 12, Buys that tho total receipts
have reached 7,270 bales, against 1,400
bales last week, 2,081 bahs the pre
cious week, and .">, J'.?? bales three weeks
since; making the total receipts since
the 1st Soptembor, 1880, 5,213,'1-18 bales,
against 5,01 t.??T bales for the same
period of 1885 ti, showing a decrease since
.September 1, 1880, of 101.100 bales.
Tho exports for tho week reach a total
of 12,521 bahs, of which 1 1,055 were to
Clreat Britain, M to Franco, ami 1,125
to the ie.-,t of the con ti non t.
The t dal visible supply of cotton, ns
made np by cable mid telegraph, for the
week was as follows:
Total of (weat Britain stock 000,000
bulls, total of continental stocks :'.il,
lot)-making a total of European stocks
Of 1,001,1(1!) bides. Th?' total visible
supply for tho world is 1,81-1,-P.MJ bales;
of tins number 728,000 are American
and id!'., IUD East Indian, otc.
Tho imports into continental ports
for tho week have been 15,000 bales.
Thcso ligures indicate an increase in
tim cotton in sight of 51,102 bales as
compared with tin- Btuno dide of 1886,
un increase of 1-1,072 bides as comps red
with the cone: ponding dato of I88?.
Tho receipts at interior towns for Hie
Weeli were 7,'J7't bales. Old interior
stocks wi re decreased 1,708 bales, and
were 33,251 bales less than at the same
period 1 isl year.
Tho receipts from the plantations,
being the actual movement, not including
tho OVOTland receipts nor Southern con
sumption, of cotton that reached the
market through the outporls for the
pas! wee!, woro 0,125 bahs. The total,
receipts since 1st September, 1880, wcro i
5,1811,355 bales. Tho actual movement j
from the plantations was only 0,21'.)
bahs, the balance being taken from the
stocks at tho interior towns.
South-rn spinner.-,' takings to 1st Au
gust have been ?101,000 bahs as against
?108,000 bides al tho same time last year.
The Chronicle says, in reviewing thc
speculation in futures during the week:
"Tin- speculation in cotton for future
delivery at this market has been some
what inactive for the week nuder review,
and tho principal feature in the decline
in option.- for this month. No very im
portant influences have la-en at work.
Crop ace nuts im\e improved, owing to
the fall of needed rain over a consider
able portion of Texas, and a partial
clearing up in Georgia and tho Caroli
nas, where the downfall had been exces
sive, Liverpool reports have reflected
a very unsettled market there. The
buriau n port, made public on Wednes
day, was luther bottor than was generally
expected. On Saturday tho next crop
ruled slightly dearer, but the improve
ment was lost on Monday. In the
course of Tuesday and W ednesday there
was a decline of 80 points in August
option.-., while the next crop gave way
only ."> to 7 points. There were unac
countably full receipts of old cotton at
New Orb ans, which hadan unfavorable
ctlcct upon values for prompt delivery.
On Thursday an early decline, under
weak Liverpool advices, was fully recov
ered on a demand to co ver contracts,
To-dav au early decline was followed by
variable unsettled values. Cotton on
the spot, under freer offerings and de
clining prices, has been fairly active,
both for export and home cortsuniptiou.
(?notations were reduced l-lOo. on Mon
day and e. on Wednesday. Friday, at
a further decline of I-Iflo., there was a
very large business for export, and homo
spinners bought fairly'.''
I el tho Hoys ll, lp,
Why is it that the boys are Allowed to
sit around a house doing nothing, while
their overworked mother is struggling
against naturi- and fate to do tho work?"
Only the other day we saw thr*e large,
able-bodied boys lounging about the
house, not knowing what to do with
themselves, while theil mother, final
am' palo, was trying to do the work for
a laihe family and company alono. Not
a boy's work to help about tin- house?
Why not? ls there anything about
washing dishes that w ill injure him or
which ho cannot learn to do well, or
about making beds, or sweeping, or set
ting the bible, or washing, or ironing,
or cot.king a plain moal? On the con
trary, there is much to benefit bim in
such work, the most important of which
is the idea that it isn't manly to let the
"wcaker vessel" c.o ry all tin: burdens,
when it is possible tor strong, young
han.ls to help.
Most boys would gladly help in the
house if they were asked to do no, and
were taught how to do tho work proper
ly. Many a smart boy wants to help
his tired mother, but doesn't know how
boyoud bringing in tho wood and thc
water, and shoveling a patli through the
snow. This done, she tells him to go
and play while she plods wearily on.
Not a boy's wot kV For shaine! It
is it positive harm to a boy's moral char
acter to allow bim to think it right to bc
idle while IUB mother ts staggering under
ber burdons. LotU.be lioys help, and)
those who Can't got help "for love or
money,"as they often write to us, win
seo their troubles disappear.- Philadel
phia Methodist.
No ono should be guilty of traveling
to or from tho mountains of North < ar
olina without going nt least ono way via
tho O n at All-llcahng Mineral Spring in
Gaston county.
A tilica?, Haid to bc Texas feyer, han
broke.i out among the cattle In the neigh
borhood of Oswego, N. Y.
COST OK A 8WKLL WAH DUO UH.
Kxltorbltnnt Prices Which the New Vork
Tailors Ohurgo for Good Clothes.
NEW YOHK, August 18.-I have hoard
a half dozen inen say recently that they
found they could save money hy going
to Loudon to buy their clothing, lt ii
true of actors particularly, who aro
obliged to have a large number of Bllits
on hand, but the economy is just us
evident among less extensive puichaseir.
Herbert Kelley went to England this
year for the sole purpose of replenishing
Iiis wardrobe.
"One can get good clothes on thia
side of tho wat? r, undoubtedly," he said,
"but the trouble is they cost triplo what
they do in London. A oraok tudor ber.;
charges $20 for a pair of trousers, and
that sum will buy three pair in Eug
land."
The tailors of Now York an; constant
ly growing more oxhorbitant in their
prices. Thcie aro of course huge i m
poriuma or bazars where clothes are
clipped out like siioe peg.-, and sohl liku
hot muffins, but it goos without saying
that well dressed men do not patronize
them.
A mun to tarn the distincti ?tl of I
pronounced well dressed in New 1'ork
must exercise great care not to dress too
much or too highly. Ho must >p< id
considerable sums upon his attire, bal
nothing like thc amounts set down ol
Lato in numerous articles that arc going
about in tho daily papers concerning
tho cost of a well-dressed Now Yorker's
wardrobe. Th?! statement that Ut least
twenty thousand men hore spend five
thousand dollars a year on their cloth
ing causea an uchiug void to replace
one's heart. Tm not au expert on
clothes, but realizo tho absurdity of that
report. Suppose? man buys eight suits of
clothes a year, which is an extraordinary
number, the cost would bo about as fol
lows:
Two frock suits.. SJ lo
( )no evening sui' -H. 120
Two business Bind. IU0
Three cutaway suits ...... ~7<>
This would call for less than 8800 ol
tho $5,000 a year, loaving tho overcoats,
yachting Hannels and underwear to come
out of the trilling balance Even nuder
these conditions a mun would have from
15 to '?o fits in his wardrobe, for they
would accumulate rapidly with one
coming in every six weeks, in sober
fact a tailor who succeeds in yanking
what tho gamblers calls a "merry little
live "undord" oat of a customer regards
bim with reverence, respect and affec
tion. There is u limit to ..neb ulterior
and interior trappings as ovorgaitcrs,
scurfs and linen. A thousand dollars a
.. eur will dress the Prince of Wales ol'
tim most impressive of I nion or Knick
erbocker Club nun. If ho buys bis
toggery in London bah' tho sum will
brill; tlu> .-Hine results, though I tln>:
ougb.y believe that there are better
tailors in Now York Hain across tho
water. Two men who sat on tho rad of
a yaohtthu other day were comparing
tho prices of their yachting Hannels.
Tho younger of them, who had just re
turn? d from a six years' term at Oxford,
said t?) the other:
"VYhut did you pay for that white
suit?"
"lt was mudo to euler, " said tho otln r,
surveying Iiis Hannels complac? utly.
"Tho cont and trousers were made by
my tailor for S15, und tho shirts were
87.00 to order."
"Well, this ou tilt," said the Oxford
man, stretching out bis athletic legs n id
exhibiting Hannels of fur better texture
and lit thnn those of the other mun,
"cost, including shirt, trousers and coat,
made by a crack London tailor, jast si I
in our money."
That's the reason it pays to go abroad
to buy your clothes.
A .Mum mot h Turi Ul.
While thc steamer Flora Tomple wai
cruising mar the anappor banks, yost? r
day, about tlfteen miles off shoro, Capt,
.Montcalm Broward observed an im
meuse black object llontillg on tho sur
face of the water. Upon approaching ii
ho discovered that it was an immens*
turtle of some sort, whicji was lazihj
sleeping on tho surface of the water
Tint captain secured a harpoon, am
when near enough ho dexterously threv
tho weapon and succeeded in fixing i
firmly in the buck of tho monster. I
was fourni impossible to raise this motin
tain of Kosh to thc boat, so that tin
captain attached a hawsor to tho har
poon, and taking it in tow, brough! i
up to the city, arriving at Decotto's wooi
yard about five o'clock, when t lu: luigi
object was hauled out upon tho si on
where its great size soon attracted i
largo crowd who gazed with wonder a
tho strange visitor. Tho weight of th?
captain's catch was variously estiman ?
to bo from 1,(HH) to 1,500 pounds; i
measured across tho anterior fully cigh
feet two inches, was seven feet twi
inches from thc end of tho nose to th
tip of the Uni, and perhaps eight fool il
ci rc um fe renee. The captain called hi
cutcha tortoise, but tho News-1 h rah
man identified it as a peculiarly splondi
specimen of tho trunk ?>r loather^ turd
(Sphurgis Carlaoea.) This great sc
denizen inhabit** tim gulf stream alon
tho Atlantic shores and olsowhoro. I
docs not have a shell, but is covered wit
a leathery skin, with seven longitlldlm
ridges, lt is the largest of tho turtl
tribe, and is of no value as food.- Jacl
sunville (i'la.; News-Herald.
Timi Wonderful Uobbitr.
Some Weeks ago an item concerning
remarkable turkey gobbler, who had take
upon himself the offices of a mother, a
poured In this paper, and wo promised
give thc result oi his performances. <i
Saturday wc met Captain J, V. Georg
tho owner of Hu- now famous gobbler, m
ho said ili:il he put him to sd on seven tn
key, nine guinea and nine hen eggs, th
thc turkey eggs broke during tho procc
nf incubation, hut that al the proper til
he came elf the nest with nil the gllino
und chickens, mid Hint he cnn IK- si en
his farm, a few miles from Aiken by i
who doubt thc truth of thc story. Capta
i George nays. thc gobbler trents his bro<
! with thc most mollie ly attention, mid th
they arc all doing well. -Aiton llqc&nttr,
Pierce's "Pleasant Purgative Polio!
aro porfcol preventives of constipation. I
closed in glass bottles, always fresh. 1
nil druggists.
Medical roturas show thal 70,000 perse
died from cholera in thc northwest p
vinces of India during June and July.
k' .i>. .
rr *rx.v. ,xci .??.-? **TJVT!?S?.V. f mmiT.r. t?.
Ml?M?ATII l oi i: i ititi.}.: \?; (Vt ID*. I
\ * uluitibla Uralinitou'H'IVrrlblo l?x|H.?rirnci'
Knurl..,I Oli lin- ( ar iiinl Dm,'; nt a IJiuirli r
ol H Mlle.
Mlllcdgr Darn, n brakeman on thu Cine
lotto, Columbin tittil Augusta Railroad, is
lying ut Iiis lioiiio i" tko scttlouuuit beyond
tho depot, bruised sud gushed from un ac
eldon t willie coming from Charlotte this
moriilug,
Ho was on lop of tho ems ?is thoy passed
Ridgeway, and us tho hiidgo this sluo was
approached, ahout 'l.2tl, ho al tum plod to
hui <'H du hittites. Standing with his hark
tl.i brid gu and turning tho wheel, hu
wu? unconscious "I danger. A cry from
the foi ward hi .!; tun un, .'Watch out, Mi!
ledge!" was tinhcurd, ttud tho hack of his
neck was curried fairly against ibo slr nc
lure, knocking him between two cars,
whoio he became histoiicd, ids fool drag
ging on tho I ruck, l-'ur II (plaiter of ii
mile I. was (ranted iii lids way, when ho
was suddenly lo. st ned and foll upon the
tia ;k, fol; rt col) cars puadng over him. At
intervals ho was struck on Ibo head nod
huck hy Ibo In:.lo- hi nins us tho ears rolled
(in, o.\| c'li.-ncing the most ngoni/.lng pain
::l ouch blow, lIe*\VU3 Conscious enough
lu know wini! was going on, rind suffered
..: ll' lng death in 'he con-taut lour Ol being
crushed to u pulp. i> was wonderful I bul
ho (scaped with fe. li was due probably
to the lorinution ol ihe truck,
Darn has hoon connected with Ibo rail
road for tlc: last fourteen years, and !i ii)
always been ti > a pa hie workman. Captain
.Viii-,et liad him pluecd in the cub ut,tl
brough! to Cohiml?In where Dr. Rowe
intended him. v. hones aro broken and
his injuries mc not considered fulul. Iiis
head is coveted with bruises, his body
scarred, and his knee-- swollen to au unor
mons size. Ile sutlers; much pulu and is
unable io move- - Columbia Daily llecovd,
A H y'isl lil.
MIK DI Kl) A I:I:?.<
\ el in Hil Koo III Was fou ml So vint Til Ol
UMIKI Dol?ais iii Honey Mini liomin.
A Boston special says that from a
beggarly little room ut tho roar of No.
71 Albany street, in that city, Mrs. Marj
Smith was removed to Um City Hospital
(Saturday night, where she died before
morning. She was seventy-six yeats
old, uno. without doubl tho most wi'ot?lt
edly dr I d ? .? .dine in al! UostOU. H. r
room waa miserably lil thy, and her
olothes wore little 1 tba Liiun old rags
kept together by .-'.rings.
?Irs, Smith ivas 11 professh ?jal beggar,
and il wai while limping nb. ut on le v 1
daily rounds in search < i charity Satur
day that she wa? knocked doWU ut i
run over by a careless butcher hoy -it the 1
comer of Howard and Hudson streets. '
Somebody removed li? f to hi r homo mid
notified tuc ponce ami lind lier taken to I
the City Hospital. SllO W0S not badly I
hurt, hut bi r udvunced yours and In t
oufcobled condition resulting from long
yearn ol'privation co d i not withstand
the shook, lleforo ike di, d sllO Sahl
something about her luonny and asked
tili-.t J jil wy e" I. liai ?. , l.'olO. Ul i not iiie.l.
Tho hospital attendants behoved the
poor creature was wan luring in lu r
mind, 'lin-; mor .1!";, however, word
was sent lo tho lawyer, winn they wen.
surprised to hear that the olel woman
had recently niadc u will and was worth i
soverai thousand doll irs
Thc police were not ?Hod and an ofllC< r j
detailed to search thc miserly ?, dgiugs.
Opening the door of tho oiel womau's
room, a foul ide.- greeted bim ami a!
dozen rats disappeared loisuri'ly into
their hob s, 'i'lie ollicor l eg.iii I.is search
by ripping open tho Hrs! of tin two old |
mattresses, when, to bis surprise, several ?
handsome gold ami silver ceins rattle.!
down on the door. Tho sawdust, chips
and husks with which thc mattress was
studed, woro poured out into a pile be
side the heel. Scattered among tte- ohalV
was a h.illili of bank notes. Ofllcer
franks polked over thu pilo um! saw that :
many ol' the bills were rolled up into \
wads und tie-1 Ailh greasy strings. Ho
cut these with bis knife, .md counting
the wealth found 80U0. On the WU I
over thc bod hung un old petticoat.
Mi ohanically thrusting his ii.md into the !
pockots he drewoti! a hard rag. Opening
this 870 in bills lay in his hand. On a
peg near by was another petticoat. As
thc oflloer grasped it to replace it on ti."
hook hu felt a haul bunch ol .something
inside tim lining. Cutting thu threads
with his ki,itu, a little bug dropped out
and st", in sin.ill silver coatis rolled off oil
tho door. Inside the door auothi i
dirty nrtielo of aj)parol hung, lt was
Scniolicd, and in thu lining was found
.secreted a targe pocket book. Sowed
into this WOl'O bills of various d?nomina
tions amounting to >i'K
(Ju the Hour lay a mattress black wit ii
dirt and tilth, and rolled up and tied
with a piece ot eloihes linc. Inside this,
and wrapped carefully m a dozon nows
papers, was a package of United Stab s
(io vor muon t bonds of tho issuo of 1887.
bearing four pct cunt, interest, and
amounting in value to six hundo d
dollars.
Down in tho corner of tho hag were
two bunk books of tho Franklin Savings
Hank, inch showing a deposit of one
thousand dollars.
Continuing tho search, a black dn s
was found, and in various parts ol' the
lining,wero discovered, sowed tn sepa
rately, Hf toon dollars in lulls ami silver,
lu a bureau was found OUO hundred und
tilly dollars in gold coin.
'the entilo amount, of money and
bonds amounted to botwcon six un?
seven thousand dollars, which was turned
over to the police authorities.
Itel.ile IV.m?en.
From the (torios of eye witnesses the
conduct of tho women in the railway
accident ut Chatsworth was extremely
creditable. T. se who died met (leith
with heroic bravery, and those who W( re
fortunate enough to escapo did so only
after rendering those about them nil Ibu
aid poshible. There aro some who ore
n udo strong by great dangers or emer
gencies. The Chatsworth women arc of
this sort and dozens of them had baldly !
extricated themselves from the wreck
boforo they busied tkuinselvcH caring for
tho w ounded and smoothing the pillo .vs
of thc dying. Thc attending physicians
uttri >nte tho recovery of n great immy
of the wounded solely to tho ministering
care of the noble and uiiselllsh women,
-Chicago News.
The Nationalists in Dublin ure jubilant
over thu Olndstonlnn victory in Oneslrift
They declare that tho government cannot
proclaim thc National League In the fneo
of a defeat which completely changes thc
political situation.
A COAL CREEK LEGEND.
TUE QUEEM STOIC Y OF A LOST SILVKK
MINK,
Willoh Is Guarded by Monsters-An I ml lum?
Neighborhood's Odd Uellef-A Vein of
SU>er"A loot Th lok"? A Yarn n? la a
Yura.
CLINTON, Iud., August IO.-Iictweon
Clinton, Ind., and tho Illinois lino ia a
hilly bit of country through which Hows
u J it tli? .stream called Coal crook, lu tho
hills aro valuable coal bods, lying gener
ally only a few foot below the surface of
the ground and cropping out many
places. Tho log cabins of miners and
poor form?is, with here and thorc a
slouy held of corn and oats, aro the only
signs of civilization in thc wild neigh
borhood. Thu people have a remarka
ble story to tell to any stranger who may
ehance to penetrate into their territory.
They (irmly believe that there is a
vein of puru silver "a foot thick" in a
certain hill at the side of tho crook.
This rich vein of metal, they say, ox
tends under thu bcd of tho creek and
then is lost beneath a high hill on tho
other side. No white man, now alive,
has ever seen this treasure. Many years
ago, however, an old niau, dressed in
rugged garments, and neting as if he had
los! his wits, was seen occasionally in tho
neighborhood, and it was believed ho
know tho secret of tho mine. Tho old
niau, after remaining in thu hills two or
three days and nights, would disappear
as mysteriously as he came. When any
ono questioned him about the mine, ho
would shrink from them and say: "It
would bo death for mn to tell."
The people believed that this old man
dug up what silver he could carry away
away and then departed, only returning
when ho needed more. Ho has not been
su n tor a number of years, however,
and it is thought that he ia dead.
Thu mine so the story runs -is hid
den from human oyos by the power of
Indian magicians. Furthermore, it is
protected by two grim guardians-a
gli nt lion and a snake ono hundred feet
long. Thoro aru many people in that
vicinity who say they have seen the lion
and the snake. As they arc never known
to leave any track behind thom it is be
liovcd that they are ghosts. Thu pcoplo
say that when thu Indians were driven
put of that country by the white settlers
tho magicians of ino tribe killed thu lion
and the snake and left their ghosts to
guard tho mine. In order to furnish
these ghosts with a hiding place the In
dians set lire to a bed ef coal, which
cropped out of the hill near by, thus
forming a dcop cavo, which is there to
thia day, and which no one baa ever
tiered to explore, lu this dark bolo tho
two ghostly guardians are bound by a
charm. The snake, however, ia per
mitted to leave tho den once every year,
while tho lion has tho same privilege
accorded il once every lour or live years.
.. : uoh times as they are free they roam
abroad and create terror for miles
around.
Th ? snake was last seen in the summer
ot 188? by a mau named Murphy, who
with his little son was picking black
berries .n tho woods. The father and
sou ran away as fast as they could; in
faot, no one who has ever seen thia won
derful serpent ever did anything in ita
proseneo except run away hom it, so ?ir
as any uno can now remember. The
lion, however, has been hunted.
John Fletcher, a larmer, ono day
about ton y otra ago saw the lion in front
ot him. lie ran to a neighbor's house
ami got a gun, a companion and a pack
ot hounds. They followed the lion to a
thicket, in winch it disappeared, Tho
hounds on catching sight of tho beast
lirst bristled up, and then turned tail and
ran. Tho hunters also beca nie frightened
ai d went homo.
Mrs. Hocket, when a little girl, saw
tho lion sitting by a stump on a hill near
her lather's house. She begun to scream
and her father ran to her. lie could not
see tho beast and told he. that she waa
afraid of a stump. Ho gc an axe and
cut down the stump, but the lion still
sat there, lt tinnily wont away. A few
years, inter Mrs. Hookott's sister saw an
animal "like a big, woolly dog" running
down :\ hill by her side. Presently sho
saw it was a hon and ran away.
About tou years later Mrs. Ilockctt
her husband, and one ol' two other per
sons, while going along a lonely road at
night, heard an animal breathing in a
thicket a few foot away. Before they
had time to get badly frightened they
heard the animal rise above thc tops ol'
tho young trees and then crash down
into* tho bushes several hundred feet
away, A few more of these tremendous
leaps took it out of hearing. They did
not doubt but that it was the lion.
Tho spectral BUake is described as be
ni!' black in color and os largo around as
t Le boily of a man. Thc people bohovo
that tho charm by which it and tho lion
are held will become powerless in a fow
more years, and that they will go away
and never return. Then the lost silver
mine will bu found. The white man,
who formerly visited tho mine, is sup
posed to have received from tho Indians
a charm by willoh ho could control tho
guardian spoctors. Whon ho died tho
Beeret was lost,
In the above, baro statement tho curi
ous belief of the Coal Crook dwellers is
given without adornment of any sort, ito
value lying in the simple faith with
whic h tao people of that locality accept
it as the truth. The story roads like a
relic of some mediaeval tale of enchant
ment and fiery drugons, which in somo
strange manner baa boon transplanted on
American soil.
"Say, why is everything
Kither nt sixes or at sevens?"
Probably, my dear nervous sister, bo
caute you are Butlering from sonto of tho
diseases peculiar to your sex. Von have a
"dragging down" feeling, tho back ache,
you arc debilitated, you nave pains of va
rious kinds. Take I>r. H. V. Pierce's
"Favorito Prescription" and bo cured.
Price reduced to one dollar. Hy druggists.
Thc tenants on the Ponsonby estate In
[roland have engaged a civil engineer to
supervise 11)0 construction of works of
defensa In preparation for tho expected
ovictfons. Barricad?s are being erected
and tronchas and drains made, avid hi case
of emergency the farms will be Hooded
from the bog.
S??KH??rtti >r.Yxs?Wttln