Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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EMPSON MILUS. ?Htcr Hipp Lo YOL. ?. LAI KENS C. LIM S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1886. big job of Clothing _Baltimore Fir?. ?UA1IS DAI?K TEACHINGS. A PLANTATION NM21 IT SCHOOL I OU NEGltOES HEFOltE TUE WAH. S ?mi' Riitortulnlng Uecoltaetlona ol thc Timon Uofure tito Civil War. (From Now VorU Commercial Auvor: laor.) As is well known, it was held to bo against good policy in thc South, in tho old days, that thc slaves should bc taught to rend. To teach them was, iu fact, prohibited by law in mont of tho States. It would bo an error to Blipposo, how ever, that none of them were so taught. For tho master of thc plantation wan, in many ways, an absoluto monarch- every farm a sort of kingdom-and those potentates okoso to judge for thomsolyes how strict Bhould bo their obedience to general laws, bow far they would allow themselves to bo controlled by the J legis lature in tin internal economy of their little principality .<. Southern planters were in the bel.it of having snell of their slaves taught, to road as thoy chose-law <?. n<> law. I, myself, at tho ugo of twelve, was princi pal of a school consisting of half u dozen of minc und others' slaves; und Bonio ac count ol'my methods may interest tho teachers, professors und othor literati of our day. Tho object of thc .school was tho high est possible. fudocd, it was 1 t u school, nor even a college; it wns a theo logical seminary. All my pupils were) preparing for tho ministry. To this day I remember with pride bow thoroughly unscotarian was my in struction. 1 made no c?ort to hull thosi slaves into ncoopting my dogma , as proof of winch I oit'. r tho ?ict that whereas ] wes then, as now, a sturdy upholder of Epiicopnliauism, every ono of my graduates turucd Baptist. I held my school in the kitchen tlftor Supper. My pupils sat in a row oil ti bench, ono of tn ir number holding aloft a spluttering torch of fat pilto. lt gaye a strong il unsteady light ; but was subject to this drawback: Hoing bold near the bead of whosoover bappci i .1 to bo reading, it is moro than probable thal by overheating one lohe of the brain tin symmetrical development of that organ was marred. That, however, did not. much db turb | us, seeing that noith> r they nor I M en awuro that wo carried lobes ol any ind concealed about our pi rsons. From time to time, too, as tho torob .vas passed up and down tho line, droj soi burning tar fell upon tho bauds, arms and nooks of my studonts, diverting their attention, nay, causing thci i ut times to danoo up and down tho lloor. Even so, a philosopher looking ou might have dimly perceived bow fairly good and ill are distributed, ou tho whoh , this host of all possible worlds, for tho cook and lui scullion, seeing IUCEO young theologians capering and sucking thc pitch from their rugged lists, i\. forth peal niter peal ol freo and j., oin laughter, ho that things averaged up pretty well, afb i all, Thin was not a free seminary fai from it. My patrous wore drawn from among the most substantial citizen:; on tho plantation. They were able to pay and I made them pay. So student ot divinity could keep a scat on that beuoh without bringing mo ut the ch?;e of each mouth a dozen now laid egg's, worth, nt that time, li ceiils; so that tight months' tuition cost exactly $1, Pre? ny - ing was not insisted on. Vet I cannot | n cull that on thin account 1 was QV< I thc loser by oven an egg. As I myself raised chickens, I was very glad, too, when hens w< rc dilatory in their loy iug, to let un account run over and roc< ivo ut tho oloso of two months o y oung pullet. My wagoe were sweet laugh uot ye I professors pulled up with fut salaries, ye j school principals rolling in,luxury I My discipline wau thnt of those be nighted days. Thc rod then prevailed throughout the length und breadth ol tho land, nor do I believe my class would laive valued my instruction at an ogg shell, even lind 1 abolished it. Bill such a thought could not have ooourrcd to a lad who hud not thought it strange when his own teacher, having asked him if ho was ready with Ills Virgil, and h replied, "not yet," bad received ihre Hogging -. Tho llrst for not knowing th Virgil, the tv.o following (with intervals Of rest for tho hachen for not crying. So thoy Btuniblcd along through their tunks, I kept up the circulation in their hucks mal shoulders. Noithor thej nor I would bave Leard without ust li ment that there was any oilier way ol stimulating diligence or quickening Hu blain. 1 btlppoeo, however, that my thrashings could not bavo bun v.ry severe, for I remember that they wen tho pOOOsion of great liilntity. Thia wo* especially the case when it carno to the turn of .loe Nelson to recite. Joe : .iuo.io stutterer. Ho wan ray yonog pupil, a broad shouldered carpi ul ir, 201 years of ago. Ile wan exceedingly con ceited and not u little vain-eoncoitod a*, to his int. lhedml gifts und vain ol bil fascinations with tho plantation damsels. These qualities, however, did not pro vont him from being n thoroughly good follow, and he and I woro devotee friends as long as ho lived. But my ailoOtion for hun did not save his buck froift ono singlo stroke of tho jmach tree shoot upon wh'"h I tightened my grasp as soon as he opened Ure. My way wm not to wait till tho close of a SOM lon ano then mete out tho sum total of merited castigation. In my seminary justice did not Ump. At every Inp there eui... al rap. l'uuishiuent trod upon tho heels I of error, What made it specially hurd on poor Joo was that I could not seo my way to alloajlug him to stutter through a read in pf Ic^ttoJi? I thought it my duty to onoourngi him lo discard this habit. I am afr lid I orrextbut I moant woll; at any rato i livelier theological sohool novor adorned tho earth. A number of my students beoami ministers in good standing. Sonic ol thoir views on mor., morals, it is true woro oi variance with thoso commonly Erofeased by us of tho Caucasian race, nt X.trust this will not bo laid at my door. For noithor Xonophon nor i'lato would ever allow tho sins of Aloibiadet %?) be traced to tho teachings of Soo ru tc?, Then, too, it must bo remembered to my credit that thoy were ever found wi tn their biers sot us Hint when there was question as lo the fundamental tenets of tue theology of their day. No ono shall ever say that Gilbert ranked dancing other than as au unpardonable sin, or that Isaac ever held out hopo of eternal wealth to tho abandoned wretch who found Comfort in whistling a jig or pat ting Juba, that rhythmic memory of Africa's sunny stroud. Poor Joo never entered the ministry. Ho built houses instead. My father set him free before tim war. At tho ( lose of that Struggle ho wan not, long in find ing that his gi nins did not Hudsuflleiont scope in lining joists and nailing on shingles. Ho became a candidato for the Legislature, but before he could know tho joys of victory or tho pangs of dofcat he died. I h td not seen him for years, but 1 feel that tho world is not quito so bright for mo as it would be were this old friend of my youth still among nu n. To tho last, even after I WAS a man, he said that in his opinion he was my equal in nat ural capacity, and I am tho lost man in thu world to dis pute tho proposition or to hear him a grudge for maintaining it. That ho was not lacking in the instinct of historical criticism the following story will show: One day, years after bo had been my pupil, as 1 sat reading in our library, Joo entered and asked me to lend him a book. "What kind ol' u book do you want, Joo?" "Well, M-m-m-mar.se Jack, I've been a thinkin' 1 should 1-1-like to read a his tory book." "All right!" and I began running my eyes along tho shelves. Hume's, Ma caulay's Gibbon's, Rollin's, would they suit Joe? Just then my eyes fell upon a hugo illustrated edition of "Robinson Crusoe." I handed it lo him with a steady hand and unblushing countenance Ile took lt with many thanks and de parted. A month or so afterward he dropped in again. "Marse J-J-Jack, ain't histories a kind of hook what tolls tho truth." 1 could not help smiling at tho sim plicity of thc question. I then explained to him, OS best I could, that historic were often full of untruths touching things which had happened, while lictiou was often equally lull of truths us tt events thal had never occurred. Hobin son Crusoe, I explained, was fiction, bul a man so situated would havo worn goat skin trousers, talked to his parrot, Ol Bhot any eanuibals that might havo cn deavorcd to roast and devour him. Al 1 went on explaining ii brighter brighter light carno into honest Joo'; ' vi , and at lost he exclaimed: "Wt ll, ! lup' rcadin' and reodin' and st inly in' am studyiu', and at last I began to sort u mist iust that some o' them things warn' true." KA UT 11 Ol AK KS AUK COMMON. Wc I tuve Always Hud Timm amt Muy Kx peet ?ll un y More. Kr..m tile New York Tribuno.) An cduoator who has given mucl study to earthquakes and volcanoes i Professor John K. Hees, of Columbi colli ge. Ho isa stoutly built mun o perhaps Ihirty-flvo, with a round am chubby face, a black mustache and mor tho air of a business man than a student Talking willi mo in tho Lincoln Nations Hunk tho other day, he remarked that i a long series of years each section of th country was visited by about tho sam average number of earthquake shooki "Tho reason any new shock appeal phenomenal is because tho people forge tho former ones," said tho profcssoi "We have kept records of shocks i New England and tho Middle States, an l'uni that they come year in and year ot with about tho sanio regularity. Tl shock that are being reported from tl; west appear phenomenal to thc poop out there because they have no recort buck of a period of forty or fifty year und within that period havo forgottc occurrences of tho same kind or hal failed to record them, if some old mini is alive whoso memory runs back of fifi yen s he can tell them. As to the vo clinic, phenomenon in Arizona 1 have i: knowledge except from tho newspapor The evidences of old volcanic eruptioi exist all along tho mountain ranges Arizona, New Mer-30, Utah and Nevin up to Oregon. I believe thoy aro mo numorons in Nevada." When asked what tho relative olio would bo on New York city of a ?hoi like that experienced by Charles to Professor Hees replied in substance: ". loss of lifo and property 1 should si the disaster would be a bundled fo greater. There- is so mach moro pro eily and so many moro pi opie in a ami corni ass in this city that tho resul would bo greater in proportion. Buil inge in this city are run up to onormo heights, with great sheet iron fachif The streets, especially in tho lower pi of tho city, during tho day time, 11 crowded with people, and thc falling these decorativo parts of trnottu would bo exceedingly disastrous to 1 und limb. The tact that New Yo building is mostly dono on rock fount lion and that neatly all tho great stn turi l are put together with Portia cement instead of mortar might save t destruction of much valuable proper hut all tho oheaply built structures woi suffer. Tho uso of Portland cement 1 made buildings s > solid Hint they ( only lie torn down by tho uso of exp sives. Even in suoli structures au ear rpiake like that at Charleston woi break tho window caps and lintels, a prove very destructive." iteaouree* <>r Ituaala. The understanding of people iu gee al is timi Russia, head over heels debt, lintis it difficult to raise monoy kcej) tho wheels of government movi The history of tho most recont attoi ut Ki. Petersburg to raiso money 1 prove? this and indicates quite a dif ont statu of fuels, lt was at first 1 posed that tho now popular loan sho (io about 8?lt),000,DOO. Hubsoripti wore call for, and on tho 12th ult. it announced that ton timos tho sum quired hail boon offered. Tliroo tl later dispatohos. from Ht. Petorsb atattd that tho enormous sum of $1,2 OOO.OtX) had be?n offered, and that COM Miment would tako only $00,0 OOO. It ia worthy of hoing notod simultaneously with this loan rumor a warlike nature are heard and thc wur feoling not previously oxistini mani fasting itself at St. Petersburg. 1 l AlOI TOriCS FOR THE .MONTH. ll i < ll : . tO I'lirilKTS wild Will tO Hukfl ? 'a i-iii I UK Profitable. A distinguished poet lias made u cer tain young lady quito famous hy having her on a particular occasion to sing: "If you're waking, call me carly, call me carly, motlier dear; For I'm to he Queen o' May, motlier, - I'm to bo (?neon o' tho May." There is not much poetry, and evon less romance, about it; but all thu same tho fanni r lins to bo called early and to stay lato at Iiis farm work for tho nest three months if he luis any hope or ex pectation of BUCeoeding at his culling. Wo know of no task-master moro exact ing and uncompromising than tho aver age cotton and corn crop. Worked prop erly and tho husbandman will reap his reward just as long as tho rainbow hangs in tho heavens or tho promise of seed time and harvest remain; mismanaged and poorly executed work, and disap pointment ami failure aro sure to follow. Early and properly executed work on tho crop, to many people, seems, UH far us all outward appearances go, as being quito simple and oosy, and they put this down us one of things about farm life that they are very familiar with, and that they thoroughly understand. YA hen to strike, how to strike, and where to strike is the vein, vidi, Vlei ol' tho fanner, and in our judgment it is the keystone to success or of failure; it is the dividing linc between tho clodhopper and tho intelligent farmer. You may well call this month tho middle station in tho year's work. Tho crops arc till planted und cultivation is about to begin if tho preparation and planting has been thoroughly done; thou tho mosttrouble Bomo half of making a crop is over with. Tlio anny is in tho field; the amniuni nition is all distributed; the guns are unlimbered, ami if the (louerai handlos tho troops advantageously victory is as sured; if he does not, Gonorol Green w ill possess Hie land ; he will come, ho will see, and ho will conquer. Suppose you were to sec n so-called planter giving one of his tenants a pack age of calomel, opium, quinine and a lancet-the four great agents in physic telling him at tho bin.ie time to go down and seo what ho could do for a sick neighbor; if tho sick man died, would you say the medicino failed? YVo see, year by year, owners of the Boil giving men they call tenants land, mules, ploughs, guano, tools mid seeds, and saying go down into my farm or plantation, and whoo 1 come again have my rent ready. When you consider this mutter in all .seriousness und c inder, aro jon sur prised that the patient -the land-is killed, and this false tenantry system has ruined thousands and thousands of acres of Southern land? A man who proposed to go to a dis tant State to oversee went to Mr. Dick son and asked for a receipt to farm. He replied: "It is hard to transfer knowl edge, and much harder to transfer art and judgment; my plan is to ?ollow tho laws thet govern the universe. Plants a .d animals, when assisted with art and judgment, never will fail. Tins is thc science of agriculture. Study bad prac tice as weil as good, and learn of tho latter the errors, that you muy avoid them. Head books until you become so perfect in theory and in the use of tools and manure that you will have confidence and tho nerve to act und act at once -not lose time running about to your neighbors to seo when to doa thing and how to do it. Do not allow frost or wet or dry weather to cause you to doubt or dally. Fortify yourself with books before you begin; snell books ns will teach you everything necessary to your success, and do not forget that you can learn something from almost every profession. Dook fanning means for tuc fanner just what book learning does for tho lawyer, merchant or physician. You must read and study, not only agri cultural books, but all books that will applv in any way to that profession. You need thc knowledge of a gonoral to enable you to discipline your laborers to conic to time, to move all at once, to know when to charge and w hen to re treat. You need tho knowledge of a banker, when your money ia made to know how to invest it. You want tho knowledge of a bookkeeper, that you may keep your accounts correctly. In this many farmers fail; they fool them selves, not knowing how to keep debtor and creditor accounts, got in debt und become bankrupts before they are aware of it. You must have some know ledge of mechanics and machinery in order to use them. If tho farmer is ignorant, how can ho instruct the laborer? You should have even a sufiioient knowledge of law to know how to keep otlt of thc courts. You should have some knowl edge of commorco and trade, for you have to buy and sell. "How is all this to be acquired? Dy reading and hard study, and making an application of thc knowledge acquired. Knowledge is power in agriculture as well as other things. And how aro you to get knowledge? Only by reading, study and application. With knowledge you can imo the hand as well ns tho tongue moro effectively. "i'he three great essentials are: First. Tho theoiy (truo pinn) of farming. St oond. Tho art of controling labor and executing all work to the best advantage with least lalx>r. Third. Last and best, success dope mis on a quick perception, wiso judgment that Heidorn or never errs. How is tli i s to bo acquired, except by uso of books in conjunction with prac tice? "In conclusion, to BUOSOOd you not only must bo superior to your laborers, but you must bo so far ahead of them that they shall know that your plans arc wisc, easy to put in practice and cerUiin of success, 'ilion thoy will follow you in n el .arge, os good soldiers will tho best of d?lierai. The laborer must have con? tidonco in tho man who directs. How aro all thoso qualifications secured? Through books, hard study, olisorvation and practico." D. I*. DI NCAN. \ ?milty of Great Men Is not always innato or born with thom, but many instances aro known whore it has boon acquired by tho j>or sistent and judicious uso of Dr. Hurter's I ron Tonic. f If a razor, after exposure lo tho cold, 1M plod d undor a magnifying (doss, tho edge seems like a saw. Dipping lt in hot wutei throws the little particles back Into pince, and makes tho id: . smooth. SWORN TO LAY A GHOST, TUM I.OVK LANK SPOOK AO A IN MAKES ITS APPEAKANCK. Tho Uncanny Uabltuool o Cometary Who Om i; Mudo an Aged Darkey Piddle fur u Devils Dunce Comes i nilli timi Scares Polks. ( i-'i om thc New Yoi k slur.) Once nguiu spooks have made their debut in Love I jane, and Hie supersti tious citizens, particularly those of the colorado maduro brand, who reside within tho bailiwicks of New Utrecht and West Flutbush, li. i., near the southwestern border of Greenwood Cemetery, and who are compelled to pass that marble city after dark, never consider themselves in full dress unless they havo a pocketful of brick or wear carbines with dues like water mains. I?.thc neighboring darkeys are to bo believed, thc spook can only bc seen at midnight. At a recent meeting of the New [Ttrotob Watermelon Coterie, Pan try and Vestry, held near Farmer Per ry's chicken preserve, eight of the mom* hors testified that they hud timed tho spectre by their watches. One of tho secretaries, who is assistant organist and plays tho chimes in the local colored oliuroh, and whose word is fully as good as his bond, said that he was the only man in the club whose watch was lit for anything bul a tobacco box, us it was the only ono that contained any intestines, but that tho others had thc timo of tho appearance of tho spook down line. He was with tho others when they saw the spirit, and they all got so frightened th it his watch stopped. Ho said that ho was tho first mun home that night, OH the others forgot where they lived. Jt is a dllllcult task to make the aver age colored citizen of t':e King's county towns believe that the \ resent spook is not tho same that is said to have appear ed to tho oldest of them in their younger days. Lovo Lane, wei. h borders thc Greenwood fence, has n 1 geud to this edi ct: Long, long ago an aged darkey, who had been performing as an execu tive orchestra nt u husking bee in Oowa lina, was returning home dining the dis mal hours of tho morning. He had nearly reached the old toll gate, when Satan climbed over tho fonco or through it, and compelled tho aged tiddler to piny for him. The orchestra turned pule inch by inch, mid his huir visibly unkinked, until his hut looked us if it Were built OU Stilts, but still he was com pelled to serape away for dear lifo, When his Satanic majesty had his savage breast suflleioutly soothed ho wound up tho matinee by dancing a breakdown, und, dashing his hoof aguinst u near by bowhii r, disappeared in u spiral cloud of sulphurous smoke. Tho stone is there yet, and the hoof pr t is still an awe-inspiring sight to tho children and many of the older peo ple of tho towns. The weird and hair orectiug stone is shunned af tor dark, and then- are many who will tell you that his Majesty holds picnics there at about this season every year. Ile never ap peal-, in winter or Bummer, probably because of his aversion to extreme cold or diluted heat, lt is a shuddery spot, to suv thc least. Within thc post few weeks the spook hus reappeared on the scene of its old- ( time orgies, und hus been seen bysevorul , citizens whose words cnn bc relied upon, although they take no stock in thc super natural. A well known resident of the ' Eighth ward, whose place of business is nour tho Fifth avenue outrance to ; Groonwood, saw the vision one night last wcok, He wus driving past tho Fort Hamilton avonuo ontranoo to the cemetery whon thc spectre showed up, 1 causing his horse to shy. The spook 1 appeared to come directly through tho 1 fence, in which there wus no opening. : lt passed immediately in front of the horso, which suddenly stopped and re fused to budge. Thc gentleman risked i a shot at it. Thc discharge wus greeted 1 with a hollow, chuckling laugh, and tho i gentleman shirted his horse on a dead i mu toward home. He says that the i tig .rc or whatever it might have been i hud a dark cloak on and wore horns. William Pye, who wus formerly a stockholder under the old fashioned track sheds in the gin and tansy days of the turf, but who is now a junk numis matist through tho country towns, is omphatic in his assertion that he hus seen tho spook on several occasions. He remembers tho old legend of I jove Lane, and says ho can laing scores of citizens who have since Indulged in involuntary introductions to Idsspookship. Numer ous other residents Ol tho neighborhood ure willing to testify to a like encounter. A resident of Windsor terraco in West Fiatbush also saw the "thing," and says tlmt it was garbed in black, wore horns and had hoofs. Ii i says thut he was re turning home tho other night mid when m ar the "Devil's Stone" the vision op? pear. d to rise up ont of thc ground im mediately in front of him, "I was almost reared to death," ho said, "but plucking up courage 1 threw a stone at it. Tho stone wont clear through it and I could see tho bolo it made." This last assertion may bo something of au exaggeration duo to fright os tho gentleman admits ho was so scared that ho lost his hat and was in such n hurry that ho didn't stop to nick it up. A South ilrooklyn llorist whoso busi ness interests in tho cemetery will not pen;.,I of his name lining used said: "Thorn's something strange on tho other end of tho cemetery, but 1 can't explain it. I've Keen it myself, and so have a number of my friends. 1 think possibly it is somebody who is endeavor ing to piny a prank on tho wenk-minded. A party of us uro going to solvo tho mat tor some night this weok, and wo expect some fun. If it is a spirit it wiU stand no chance with us as wo aro used to spirits. Yee, I havo heard of tho Devil's Btodo and tho legion connected with it. Who hasn't? Wo always lot the stone have tho road all to itself after dark when I was a hoy." Lively times arc ahead for tho spook when the party, which will bo composed of a number of Eighth ward politicians and business mon, moko tho proposed raid some night this week. Many of the dressy now hots and lion nets ore trimmed ontir ly with ribbon. lt I I.I. A Kl* TA MiS. Hilt Views on Slavery-Judge tllraui Warner. (Ki um thc New York Tribune.) A quaint anti pleasant talker of tho old school is Major Smith - "Bill Arp"-of Atlanta, Ga., who was hero tho other day to deliver n lecture. Tho Major WUK a .slaveholder in his younger days, hav ing received three families of negroes, Bom?! twelve persons in all, as tho wed ding portion of his wife. In talking about the slavo question, he said: " i his talk that tho South Lost $100,000,000 by tho emancipation proclamation i ; all consente. I am prepared t<> show that the South did not IOHO n dollar. In nil my experience as a ulavo-owner, if 1 ever made a dollar by theil labor I do not know it. We got their labor iu ex change for their food and their clothing, tho rearing of the young and caring for tho old. Wo get their labor for tho same price now without having tho binden of responsibility for tho young and tho aged and the sick. We us. 1 to pay their doctors' bills; now they pay their own. Tho difference is already soon from tho fact that many men are accumulating wealth through tho employment of ne groes who never got ahead a dollar iu tho slavo days, ab hough th, y w ere ow n- , Ors of many ?laves." In chatting about Northern men Major Smith remarked that many North ern men had gone into tho South to make their homes there during the ?lavery period who attained distinction. Among others he cited Judge Hiram Warner, a native of Vermont, w ho oc cupied thc highest judicial position iu the State of Georgia on tho bench of tho Supremo Court for thirty-sovon years. "It ?H a curious phase of human nature," said Major Smith, "that as old ago comes creeping on the incidents ai d scones of boyhood come impressively to the mind, lt WHS SO with .Judge War ner. I remember talking with bim in his oki days, when ho tobi mo bo was going to \ ormont to seo again the green bills and the w ooded slopes and tb?; trout streams and the trees nuder which bc basked in his boyhood days, lie be came a part of thc South, but lu; had not forgotten his old home in thc North." ( Inti Willi Hie 1.ailier. Pompadour silks aro recommouded for dress frocks for young girls. Tlie safest colors for cheap portiere) are olive-green and brick red. Wide Directoire revers appear on many of tho imported French frocks. Apple green and chestnut bronze is a color combination favored in Paris. Short backs and long front tabs are thc distinguishing marks of new wraps. Long tlots of ribbon give decorative effect to black and colored lace over dresses. India silks and foulards will bo tho rivals of China silks and pongees this season. Wo have taken note of some cliildn n's toilets which struek us as particularly tasteful. Combination eostlimosnro not s< oiuoll worn BS usual. Silk is made np by it If and woolens also. Thin silks mixed with tulle and lisle for evening wear are very popular addi tions to a summer wardrobe. The favorite color for graduation gowns aro rose, blue, Nile green, and, of course, heliotrope. Indoors little girls wear frocks in tho shape of a pelisse, loose and straight in front, and completed at the back by a plait in tho skirt let in between two seams. A silk cord or ribbon sash goes 1 round tho waist. Fine woolen tissues aro streaked with , silk or a lighter shade, forming stripes ur squares, and a small pattern ol' silk dot?, clover leaves, or small tlowerots of ' silk, imitating embroidery relief, is scat tered all over upon tho dark ground. Extremely pretty capotes for the ?pring aro composed of birds' wings, sometimes thc wings aro dyed of all colors; sometimes they are left of their own natural tint; they cover tho capoto Ellmost entirely, with tho exception of a small pulling of silk or crape at tho back. Homo of tho new wool novelties have WOOlon grounds in light or dark shades uf puro colors, on which in high rolii 1 are lines of plush and frise (lower de- : signs in natural colors and realistic to a degree in treatment. These goods are high priced, and intended only for parts of plain wool costumes. While combinations of plain and fancy figured goods, often in strongly cou- ( trusted colora, r. main extremely pupil- ; lar, many handsome dresses are made of j thc same color throughout, but of two ? fabrics, and for these refined toilets ex quisitely line cashincro and moire aro OHpecially favored. In the new fancy woolen materials in troduced for thc spring and summer season we remark that small white pat terns very frequently occur, lu some fabrics irregular whit?) stripes lorin a sort check pattern, in others largo white dots aro scattered over plain or striped colored grouuds. Costumes of imperial serge, camel's hair, vigogne, tricot clot li ami of linc, canvas patterned fabrics, without limit, will bu in groat demand, m ado up in combination with velvet-striped fabrics of ovory description, or with skirt and bodice trimmings of fancy colored satin MI tal i. figured with quaint geometric and Tn tho Sandown mantles of cloth a corboillo check in tones of Aeldmouso has its capo alcoves defined by a braid about five inches in width in a dark ?lindo of brown. This bordering band is drawn over thc shoulder in folds, sug gestive of braces, then Carried in flatness ovor tho book to terminate on tho skirt with a cluster of rich and massive posse monterio balls. Tho novelties iu loco fichus miglit bo tersely described os an ingenious manip ulation of squares. Each ono is duo to a small handkerchief of that form, oitlior in cream or oom, tho surfaco of which is almost covcrod by opon work em broidery or lace. Thoso handkerchiefs aro toidi d so as to givo a difforont shape and appearance to oach cornor, and this, with tho assistance of ribbon, ?H achieved so effectively that tho four corners often appear completely disconnected, trun-.-r.(M*.>vnni ' msmv^e T.e -*?a:KU>a>?M 3?.t.ci?i??r a-t n?a Til H I N J liH-STATi: COMMISSION. Au Imp.ni ni I.<'t|. r Oclllililg (lie t'owortj ul iii?- Colt) III lunion as lu Corin a ( a-r .. Tho Intor-Stato Commission hus miulo publia an important Lutter nddrcs&od to tho Minnesota A Northwestern Llailroud Company, doiluiug the powcis of tbo commission ns to certain eases anil OX plaining why it is found impossible lo accede ut once to tko urgout appeal of tho road for relief from the long and sborl haul olauso of tho law. Tho letti r, written by Clin i ma n Cooley, says it is gouorally aoooptod that tho fourth section '.vas designed to os? tablish tho general law that moro must n<d bo charged for a shorter than .'or a lougor haul and to permit exceptions in special and peculiar oasos only. Before tlie passage Ol the law railroads were the solo judges os to w hat circumstances or conditions justified snell practico and tho lau evidently meant to tako this dis cretionary power out of the hands of Hie railroads and was passed in tho belief thal incidental injuries resulting from itu enforcement would be moro than O?'sot by advantages in the interest ol' the publie good. Tho commission is as muon bound by the law as uro tho car riers, and lias power ol discrimination only so far as it is its duly lo do. Tho law contemplates that there may bo Homo special cases in w hich general good requin s suspension. But such cases aro obviously exceptional ones. Special and peculiar oiroumstuUCOS and where only general causes operate tho general law shall be k it to its general COlirsO, how ever serious may be the consequence to particular roads. 'Ute law makes it olear that any suspension granted must bo after an investigation, satisfying the Commission of the peculiar and excep tio! ul circumstances rondoriug it noces Bary. The jurisdiction of thc commis sion was moaut to be closely restricted and it can grant no suspension simply on the apprehension that Ollforcomeiil would provo harmful or upon the un established assertion that it has done so. Congress must necessarily havo realised that : ome disturbances and injury would lie caused by the IllW Ulld CoUgl'CSS uloUO can he looked to for the romcdy or modifications. Tho claim that tito com mission has power to suspend the clause which wert; evil consequences ?uv found gives lb?! commis:.ion general dispensing power inconsistent with Bound principles of government and of which Congress gu\c no hint, il lb?. Clause ia its gener al operation piovcd generally ami equal ly mi&cbiovcous on ad. directions, thc commission, instead of having greater pOWCr lo suspend, WOUld in: deprived Ol power for tin reason MM! tina? would be no exceptional e c < s luv lito act upon and therefore cone coming within ita discretionary authority. But then; ure of coime exceptional onsen and it is made the duly ol tim commission tod? i. miine what these aro. This must bo done by tho investigation upon which thc com mission bas entered. Where an applica tion for tempor?r*, susponsion is \ msod on snell general priucipli . thatiaauy others would bavoto ? lloW| '. ci muiiissiouhn' lust reasons fol" declining lo graut il. Tho letter is Jud dc&igtlC-d to give any intimation as to tho pcimanout coursoof tho commission, as no policy has been determined upoii, Tho commission de clares its legtet tliOt any injury is iii? dieted by tho law and promises to give such complaints proper consul, ration. ?I io ? n \ A:, o s i.c\ ICU. > Alimil 'i'lloin Answi I. . po l-l I lie. || ( HUI* ali Kima.vu.i.i:, COI.:.:.T >x Co., H. C., ' April 25, ISST. \ HON. A. I', lb rum, Commissioner Will you kiudly answer the following: hst. (jan timi ii hy and red clover, sud) ns is grow n further North, be Suocosaftil ly grow n hen ? 2d. Should tin y be planted in Fall er "spring? dd. What manures would you rcoom? mend tor them. .1th. Should they be grown logotbel' pr separately to .secure best results for ba\ ? If they can be pro WU, 1 wish to OXpQ rimont rally, and il results ar.' satisfac tory, plant them extensively for hay. 1 nm not well enough acquainted willi this section to know, bul from what I cnn see, it appears that these, grass, .-, should bo cultivated here, nud '.hereby Bavo the freights on hay from distant points. If you will kindly give mc all necessa ry information on the subject, you wiil greatly oblige, yours truly, C. ll. Mm i i rr. Questions like Ibo above Very fro? nuontly come up l'or decision. In local ities where the timothy alni led clover grow successfully, they aro of snob great value to the farm ug interests fiat only repeated failures can ('..der those who have known them elsewhere. Our country oomprioos a vast extent through many degrees of inti ludo ami great di? vi-rsi ty of soi! and cl i mate, it cannot be reasonably oxpcot l that throughout tins., vary lng conditions any particular itgi'ionltural product can he ncc. isfnlly Qullivatcd. Tho grasses nod Clover (what are gen ?rally known ns tho agricultural grasses) cannot bo profitably grow n in tho lo iver portions of our State. They have often bien triod, ami in garden spots and othor fnvorod localities may HU? coed tolerably well, but they cm never bo used for Held culture or for largo areas. N 'ure is very bountiful, and loaves no region uncared for and without its equivalents. Along tho sandy bolt of low country of this State, of Georg i mid Florida, the grasses and clovers of mor?! Northern latitudes cannot bo suc cessfully cultivated, but wc have exe ! lent Substitutes in the. cow pea and ve!, li for hay or for soiling, also tho mill? is and sorghums for the same pu "pose i : for the. silo, Bormnda grass and Menus grass for >orniancnt pasturage and for liny, and '.nu annual crab grass anti crow - foot, both of which make tho very lu st of hay. These aro some of our substitutes. Each nnd overy region is blessed by a bountiful Providence, nnd it ?H the par! of wisdom to make uso of those products which nro best adapted to each region rather than to struggle against unnatural conditions. II. W. 11A VEN i-:-.. Young and middle aged men suffering from nervous debility, premature old a e, loss of memory ?ind kindred symptoms should send 10 ccnls In stnmpa for largo illu anded treatise suggesting sure means of cure. World's Dispensary Medical Asso ciation, Buffalo, N. Y. 'j KELLY ON THE SOUTH. Ill: ItKCOUDS ?IS OHSKKV ATINS Ol'' I'ltOQUBSS IN THIS SECTION. The PennsylvuulH Congressman Predlcta'a Great Pulu re for Us-He Calls lt a "New South." Congressman Kelly, of Pennsylvania, who has just returned to Washington from au extended tour through some of tho ?Southern States, begun last March, in an interview with a Star reporter, records his observations of progress ie thal section of tito country and predicts i great future tor thc New South. Mr. Kelly said: "Jn 1878, when I visited florida, tho people there seemed to bo without hope or aspiration, but for tho ust six or seven years thc Stato has aken a position in tho first ranks of tho Kow South. Tho people aro energetic md confident of the future. From Kes iominio City und Kock Ledge, I visited 'arms on thc lands reclaimed by tho Drainage Company on nativo alluvial (olds and after a carobil inspection, I tm prepared to suy that Florida is lest med to u higher rank among tho igriculturul States of tho Union. Tho .lob s il is being intelligently cultivated vith groat profit. When I left Florida t was for u seas./ii of rest ut Auuiston, Via., ono of thc new cities that has rrown up in thc mineral regions. From Vnnistou 1 mude excursions to otbor owns in Alabama and iu Georgia. After i month's stay at Auuiston, 1 turned my itopi toward Tennessee, passed ten days nost pleasantly nt South Pittsburg, which as Anniston bus just done, will soon surprise the country by establish ing itsi lt' as an industria! centro of largo proportions and great activity. Every where throughout tho mineral regions of tho South enterprise und prosperity uro moving hand in bund, nor is this pros perity of tho New South confined to it? niuoral regions, though thc poverty and istless which oharacteri/.( d the poor icoplo of thc old South, still prevail to i consid?rai >lo extent. In her cotton lolds there is a largo boom of enterprise ind imdrovomont which is rapidly our ng that. Those which have caught tho ipirit of progress do not longer plow heir fields with singlo mule plows. I hey have learned tho value of deep ?lowing and of following tho chill plow >y a heavy subsoil plow. They continuo o grow some cotton, but not open tho au lace of exhausted fiolds, and thoy iivcrsify their crops. 1 am speaking mw of thc progressive agriculturists he representatives of tho New Houth. nstoad of ono crop of cotton they have b ios of wheat, rye, clover and other .lops. And to save their old timo 'guano" bills, as they < all bills for nian lfaoturcd fertilizers, they turu auder jraiu crops and aid that with immure rom stock and well fed herds of cattle. ..Tho great boom of the South is uoar it hand, and it will not bc conihicd to ho mineral regions of that richest soc ion of the country, but it will iuciudo ho iigriculturnl regions us well." In response to questions .bulgo Kelly aid that the evidences ol progressive arming were not confined to any Stato >r county, but wert: visible in places all iver the Stute. In the vicinity of tho apidly dovol ?ping mineral regions, ho ays, the farms ure models of good lnun .gomont and thrift. Within four milos d' Anniston, Ala., be saw some of tho iia st herds of Jersey cuttle und one of ho hu gest and eloanest dairies he had ver inspected, lt was built up und ?wned by a native of Alabuinu. Near lome, Ua., ho saw herds of cuttle and luirics that would do credit to Peunsyl ?ania or New Yoik. . I usi ire Woods' Successor. I u conn .1 iou with the probable choice if a successor to thc late .Justice Woods, i] tho United States Supreme Court, it s remarked that some of tho candidates beady named will proba ? be uandi appod by tho fact that tncy aro from dates which now have ono or moro rop osontatives on tho supreme bench, and , candidate from n SUite having no mich opresontative will most likely be pre ened. While Justice Woods lived )hio hud three of ber sons in thc Su romo Court-thc Chief Justice and USticos .Matthews und Woods, though ho latter nominally was appointed from ho South, whore ho hud lived hut a ?rief time bet?re his elevation to tho ugliest of our judicial tribunals. So )hio is not likely to be favored again, i'li ic h will count Judge Homily out. Of ho other associate justices tho souior, udge .Miller, is from Iowu; tho noxt, rustico Field, from California; Justice hadley, from New Jersey, Justice Har lin, from Kentucky, Justice Cray, from dussuchiisctts und Justioo Blatchford rom New York. Tho South alono of II sections of our country being entirely tnroprosonted, many think a candidate rom any part of tho South, Kentucky xcoptod because that State already has representativo on tho Supremo Court lench in Judge Harlan-is most likely 0 be tlio successful ono. Four of tho present judges-the Chief ustice, Justices Miller, Field and {radley-are now old onough to bo ligiblo for rotircmont whonovor thoy eel disposed to profit by tho law per miting them to rotiro on full salary, Sxcopt tho four named and Justice 1 arlan, w ho is now but 51 years of age, lone of tho present justice havo sorvod s long as ton years. Chief Justico Yulte and Justices Millor and Field aro ach 11 yerura old, and Justico Brodloy ? 71. The Southern Presbyterians. The General Assombly of tho Houth irn Presbyterian Church mot ?t tho brand Aveuuo Church in St. Louis on thursday, Dr. Bryson, of Huntsville, Via., thc retiring Modorator, oponed the icssion by a sorraon. At tho oloso of hose exorcises of?lcora woro elected for ho ensuing year. Pr. Strioklor, of Vtlanta, WAS elected Modorator. Tho lossiou thou adjournod to give tho Mo.!crater timo to mako up his oornmit ;oo?. This session will ondoovir to mito tho aseemblios of the North and louth. "rtho ls not of my set," said the old hen, is she chased a strange chicken out of tho raid,