The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, June 02, 1886, Image 1
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LAURENS C. H., S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST If), 1885.
NO. 3
HU? r ii i wu r, ito lUMhiN NON.
Mit, ll. H. TII.MI.WK VB UV MOUBHT
IMMI.Ull Blt.
I hr Olijri'lioni lu HM* .'..'lion of ll?' C'OHVCII?
Hon Cotllilderrd-TIlC *trn,;;clliiK Orlct:ntrt<
Partner*' College natl li? CoHt-CoiiNOtutloiinl
Convention.
I'D tin' Editor (rf Thc Xt <rx and Convier:
Pr?same of tarni work since tho adjourn
ment of tho "Furniers' Convention" has
left mo no timo to reply to tho fusilado
of criticism called forth hy its action.
And, first, left me correct some mis
takes and misai .prehensions o? your Re
porter. Thooffort to belittle the Con
vention and elevate mc on the pedestal
of the demagogue by saying, "lt vas
dipt. Tillman's Convention all the way
through," otc., will not burt our cause
in the least, because it is not true. ft
was a representative body of earnest, in
telligent men taking counsel for tito good
Of the State, and what little control I
exercised over its actions arose from the
fearless manner in which I had attacked
existing abuses and the unanswerable
arguments adduced to sustain my posi
tion. Thc. committee on resolutions,
who had full control of all, business
brought before the body, consisted of
one from each county, appointed by each
eounty delegation. I had nothing to do
with their selection, and 1 don t even
know half a dozen of tho thirty picked
men composing thai committee. What
more need be aid to show that tin s,,
men went to Columbia with their minds
already made up, and had no desire to
hear lengthy discussion on tho questions
i have been agitating and others besides.
f went into ibo Convention on Friday
anticipating a long ami Iud debate. I
wa? prepared with iuds ami arguments
to sustain each ami every ono ol' my reso
lutions. Tho speech made at the open
ing of the Convention had required little
labor and thought, while to sholl tho
justice, the wisdom, tho necessity of the
reforms I advocate has been my sole
study for months. The Convention
needed no arguments other than I have
already used in tho News and Courier to
convince it, and I am glad that I was
spared the labor ol' making any. The
News and Courier will, if it continues its
presen* bombardment, give mo an op
portunity to use much of fhi.s ammuni
tion, so 1 may say it is well to be pre
pared even if it was not necessary to
shoot, But I desire to make a predic
tion rigid hore, lind that is that tho
farmers >f the State will ratify -most if
not all of the acts of the Convention, and
time will show whether ?I was a Farmers'
Convention or "Capt. Tillman's Con
vention." I can tell where tho shoe
pinches, lt was a "Farmers Conven
tion," and was a thoroughly representa
tive body, and every one. knows it, but
it nearly kills some people beean so it
agreed with "Farmer Tillman."
Thc insinuation that the Convention
was drunk on Friday evening, as show n
by the use of the words "staggered in,"
waa unworthy tho brilliant yoting gi ntle
?nan whose otherwise full and accurate
record of its proceedings is worthy of all
admiration. I ho ie for his own sake
that it was a typographical error, and
that ht wrote or meant "straggled in,"
for it cannot bo shown that there was
any drunkenness. "N. (1. G." was very
mad about thu Citadel being abolished,
on paper, but this was an ungern rona
way to get revongo, ami tho accusation
only recoils on t?a- accuser, if ho so in
tended it.
One mon' mistake in the report ol' the
proceedings and 1 will pa.-s on to thc
editorials. I had nothing to do with the
appointment td' the committee ol' noven
to memorialize Congress. 1 did assist
Mr. Tindal in making up the oxecOtivo
committee at bis request, as it was to be
snj>jH)scd I was better cognizant of wind
men wt ;. best suited to carry out this
work than hu was. I only mention this
because it issn industriously tried to bo
shown that the Convention wa. an as
semblage of puppets in my hands, which
is totally ..atnie.
The first objection raised by tho News
and Courier against what it tenus the
"Tillman platform" Is the appointment
of a committee to propose bills and wait
on the Legislature next November and
urge tl ir passage, so as to chango these
r?solu'...ms into law. Tho ''modorn
Moses" wrote his resolutions to cover all
the points be wished to make, anti gave
no thought to thc "stone tablets of his
ancient prototype" If I could have
dono this With less than eleven resolu
tions, I would have done so 1 do not
feel that 1 am ordained to lead thc farm
ers "out of the wilderness," but I sin
cerely and honestly believed tho reforms
embodied in these resolutions would go
far toward" helping to advance our agri
cultuno interest; so believing, 1 should
bo less than a man not to boldly urge
their adoption.
This committee, representing tho large
and respectable body o? farmers who re
cently mot and authorized it to present
these matters to the noxt Legislature,
will exercise great influence, even ii that
laxly shall be composed ol mon other
tliAi?'furnici*. Wt will, if we can, semi
men'to the Legislature to "biko it," But
it is surely permissible to show tho jus
?loo and expediency td our notion. Ono
simple fact will show not only why this
is necessary, but that the Nows and
Courier is a? ignorant on many of 'hese
questions as tl? members ol tho (b noral
Assembly aro likely to be. It say*:
"'lim proposition to have thosccrotary
(commissioner) ohoson by a Wrd of
agriculture, which itself shall lie elected
by tho dolegates'to a class convention, to
taV,n tho place and assume tho duties of
n State oflieer, was assuredly not well
neighed before it woe promulgated and
adopted. Such a proposition, wo are
sure, will novor lind favor in lt South
Carolina Legislature, oven though it wore
composed entirely of formers."
"Lot not tho shoemaker go boyond hit
ln,st." Tho NeWS and Courier, too, bet
tor stiok to "free trade" and lot agricul
ture alone. Thc legitimate duties ol tim
officer would bo tho encouragement, pro
tection and advancement of our agricul
tural interests. The collection of till
phosphate royalty should he given t<
tho comptroller general, and iu all hu
mility 1 ask, Why may not tho fannell
of South Carolina bo allowed to contro
that department of the government
which they alono support, which is, ol
ought to bo, devoted entirely to advanc
ing their interests? Tins method o
choosing tho secretary or commissioner
is not new or unusual. A board of agri
culturo thus chosen, and who elect thci
own secretary, has existed in Ohio sine?
1.X17. Tho sanm system of agricultura
administration exists in Maine, in Con
ncctiout, in Indiana, in Illinois, in lowi
and many other Northeim States.
If tho News and Courier can tell u
why tho agricultural societies, free iron
political influences, cannot select a bottoi
board than the Legislature, and why tin
board thus chosen cannot select thci
own executive officer and thus secure ?
prompt and efficient one, I would like h
have ii do 80. Without tho power ti
dismiss an incompetent or unworth;
officer, tho board can accomplish nothing
and if tho Legislature cannot trust tb
farmers to manage their own doparttneil
WO had better abolish il altogether.
I will next briefly notice tho News air
Courier's bookkeeping. Tiley say "lie.
ures won't lie," but I have always though
it all dependo' jr; who set down th
flgUVCS, and with what motives. As th
Ni Y,s and Courier enters .some "words
from my speech in its column of ''pron
iso," and then charges up 9803,000 ii
creased taxes in tho column of "perforn
ance" alongside, 1 may well ask permit
sion to show that its ligures "lie" if
can. And, first, let me say that tl
present value of the plant of the Missi
sippi College does not represent its cos
The original cost of thc buildings an
farm was in tin; neighborhood of 8100
0(10. There have been additions 111 StOt
and other appliances out of each mum
appropriation during thc live years sim
it started, but a large per cent, of i
present valuation is increase in the vail
of tho farm by 0 proper system of cult
vatioil and natural increase in the larj
herds of cattle, etc., etc.
Home was not built in a day. and v
do not ask or expect that our agricultor
College shall come, like Minerva from tl
brow of Jove, armed and equipped f
hattie. All we ask is to plant it ou tl
rigid foundation and let it grow. fl
appropriation of $75,000 with tho 821
000 from the tux oil fertilizers, whii
can bo used the first year to build ai
equip it, is all we want. The board
agriculture already possesses a COUipli
chemical laboratory which would th
not have to be bought. Many of t
hooks in tho State library can bo spar
for tho agricultural library. Convi
labor can be used in excuvuting t
foundations of the buildings and in nu
ing brick, etc., provided they can
spared from that blessed "Colunil
ditch," and I guarantee that with tin
helps and with tho money mention
the college can be opened on the 1st
January, 1888,
A? for tho experimental station,
Congress don't give the $15,000 then I
faculty will, ns they now do in Mis?
wippi and Michigan, carry on oxpi
monts without it. My information is tl
tho bill w ill pass if it is reached on t
calendar before Congress adjourns,
it is appropriated the money hecon
available 1st July prox., ami if tho pl
ont trustees of the South ('molina (
lege spi nd it on the agricultural am
at Columbia the demand next winier
a separation of tho agricultural colli
from the South Carolina College wo
bo met by tho argument that the OXp
mental station had already been est
lisliod at Columbia, ami another I
would be forged in the chain winch i
binds Ibo two institutions together, I
argument, which I used in the Coin
tiou, overthrew all of Colonel Dnuci
Bpeoions arguments and promises on
ludf of the trust?es, und the furn
passed the resolution because they |
ferred n winde loaf hereafter to a om
now. If tho Legislature grants
wishes in December i--? t thon the
perimental station cnn .?o provided
in planning tho college.
J am ; -dished, also, that there is gi
to bo a lively competition among
counties to secure thu college, an
hope to enter Edgelleld in the ruco
can wake her up. This element in
estimated cost will amount to no si
item, I imagine. If wo allow the )
ont appropriation for tho Citadel to I
it up a? a Hchool for girls; if wo give
South Carolina College $5,700 in )
of tho land scrip fund and ita lui
fee?, both institutions, it would st
coidd be thus bountifully sustained
that there would he roally no call
any money save tho $5,700.
Now, as regards thc Constituti
Convention, I cannot seo why it sh
cost exactly $100,000. Why not
$1,000,000? It would appear that
changea needed in our organio law c
IHI recured in at loost a-, short a tim
tho L?gislature tokes to make, an an
addition of patches to that already <
patchell volume, tho lb vised Shit
which won't stay revised, and I fool
the savings which might be secure
our coimty govornmont, by a return U
old way of managing tlieso things, tc
nothing of many other leaks which n
bo stopped, will amount, many I
over in ono year, to> what this coi
tiou would cost There axe many i
. urgent arguments why we should have a
Constitutional Convention, hut I will
not give thom here. I will sum up aa
follows :
Additional oxpctiditurcs?rccommcndo(l :
Heal Agricultural and Mechani
cal College. $ 75,000
Additional tn.N on fertilizers. 25,000
.Made up to South Carolina ( 'ollcgfl
for land scrip. 5,100
( lost of Constitutional Convention. o5,000
Total.?140, ?TOO
There aro thoso who bohovo a Consti
tution of our own making is worth this
much, if for no other reason than to call
our Constitution. The present instru
ment under which wo live was made hy
negroes, traitors and carpetbaggers, ll
was forced down our throats at the poinl
of tito bayonet. It luis provisions, man
llatory at that, which have not ami cat
not bo obey. Our legislators scorn am
spit upon it when it suits, and give a:
excuse that they are obliged to disoboj
some of its provisions, and thus thci
have lost respect for it. If for no otho
reason we need a new om- and shout
I have it.
Hut let us see whether thc 8110,000
which is a little less than om- mill, cat
md he gotten without additional taxa
tiou. Tho work on the State Hons
should he stopped as soon ?IS a good COO
is put on and needed ropaira made. \V
need education more than wo it? a gram
State House. Seventy-five thousand dol
lars can he obtained right lu re, and with
out searching for :i Legislature anxiou
to bo economical can easily obtain Iii
rest and still reduce toXOS. If the farm
Orado their duty in sending men to th
next Clouerai Assembly there can h
many thick-padded places found thu
will bear slicing. They can find "pine?
to cut" if tin y want to. Tho l'armer:
Convention has been blamed heeaiis
they did not go into details. We wei
not a Legislature and we know it. W
intend to elect one, though, timi wi
carry out our recommendations if w
can.
1 will in another article notice son
other things which have been said abot
tile Farmers' Convention ?md its wo ri
H. ll, TILLMAN.
Hamburg, May 17, 1880.
[Mr. Tillman has written a second le
ter, confined chiefly to ,. reply to tl
criticisms of the Columbi.! Registern
tile Nows and ('mirier
M VX\\ KM/H CONPKHHO.V
Ile Minim nil lill1 KM?*tltl*l Kni-ls I i ?lille.I
hy Other WhnrMc*, lint nalia* Omi III? .V
Ute un? not Murder.
Maxwell, Hie alleged murderer
Prollor, lias testified in his own belia
His recital of his personal history sim
that bc has been accurately traced in
his movements, Iiis account corroboii
ing all witnesses who have tcstill
against him, except the detective w
was in prison with him. He gave 1
name as Hugh .Maxwell Brooks, aged :
horn in England. His account of i
death of Prollor ?S identical with hi- (.<
fession published a few days 030.
had studied medicine, hut had no bee;
to practice as a physician. He I
treated Prollor for trilling ailments p
vions to coming to St. I unis, and
Hr. Mer's own request undertook to
move a stricture. Preller was the ci
scnting porty to Hu- use of chlorofoi
and tin- case was one which might r
does sometimes occur in any physical
practice. Prollor died from tin- eft
of Hu- drug w hile under treatment. M
woll says his mistake was in mil rcpt
ing Hie circumstance at once, hut he
in a strange land, ignorant of the <
toms, ami unaware that his roport wo
serve him had he made it. F sides {
he was in great grief over the death <
niau to w hom he was much attached
a friend. In this state of mimi
thought occurred that he must hide
body and get away. He then packet
in a trunk, as dose ribed, ami took w
money he found in Prellor's trous
about $000. Ile imule a number of i
chases ami drank a great deal bo
leaving for ( California.
Questioned by his counsel: "Whit
you know about a piece of paper, r<
ing, 'So perisli all traitors to the g
causo?' "
The prisoner: "I wrote it. My
was that the authorities would lin
aud that it would puzzle them until
autopsy I H .nid bc held.''
Counsel: "Was it yo- idea to d
them while you were getting away ?"
Prisoner: "Yes."
Counsel' "Did you do anything
with the same object in view ?"
Prisoner: "Yes. I shaved off
mustache."
Counsel: "Can you toll how that
caine upon his breast?"
Prisoner: "Yes. I did it with a
pel, hut can assign no reason for lt.1
Counsel: "Had you, when you
ministered that Chloroform, any ii
tion of killing Preller?"
Prisoner: "I had not, sir." (The
oner ajioke loudly and emphatically
Counsel: "Had you any intcntio
injuring bim?"
Prisoner: "I bad not, sir."
"Counsel: "Of doing him any b
harm?"
Prisoner: "No."
Tho rest of tho testimony was \
up with his trip to Han Francisco,
of Ute ovonta which occurred, am
explanation of some of tho big s
which ho told about himself on bin
to that city.
Cat parties 'he latest. A youn
gives a party and each friend invited 1
her cat along with a ribbon about itt
corresponding to that worn by its mli
There's lot? of fun at such parties, eep<
whoo the feline? come together.
r.\OI.I TIOX AMI TUB <'lit mil.
\n Karnent Consideration of ilio Budjeri in ihr
Uttiicral \Mftnhy nftlir Bout horn Presbyterian!),
Tho General Assembly of tho Southorn
Presbyterian Church recently in .session
nt Augusta, On., had under considered
tho BUbject of OVOltltion in its relations
to orthodox Christianity. The commit
tee to whom tho mutter was referred
made the following report, signed by
nine out of tile thirteen inem'.icrs:
'.To the several overtures on the sub
ject to Hie evolution of man, sent up by
tiie Presbyteries, tito General Assembly
return answer ns follows: The Church
remains nt this time sincerely coy need
that tb?' Scriptures, as truly (UuVj uthor
itatively expounded in Hie'Confession of
Faith' and 'Catechism,' teach Hutt Adam
and Eve were creab d, body and soul. \
the immediate nels of tho Almighty pow
er, thereby preserving n perfect race
unity. That Adam's body was directly
fashioned by Almighty (Iud, without any
natural anim; ! parentage of any kind,
and of matter previously created of uotli
and that any doctrine al val iance
therewith is a dangerous error, inasmuch
as in tho methods <d* interpreting Scrip
ture it must demand, and in tho conse
quences which, by fuir implication, it
will involve, it will lead to tho denial of
doctrines fundamental to tho faith.
'Cleo. 1 >. Armstrong, chairman; Wm.
P. Jenkins, R. K. Smoot, il. li. Stricken,
h. C. Yass. A. N. ffollifleld, M. Von
hear, H. C. Pulton, I). N. Kennedy.''
Tho minority presen teil the following
report :
'The undersigned, utemltcrs of your
commit too on overtures on evolution,
would recommend the appointment of a
special committee to draft ti pastoral let
ter to tho Churches and Presbyteries of
Hie Assembly, embodying the following
points:
.I. A recognition of thc alarm and nu
easiness pervading the ( 'burch mi account
ol' the evolution discussion, ami that this
alarm and uneasiness are not unfounded.
An intimation of our loy?.y to the
symbols, as tue corn et iuterp/Jiatioil 0
the Holy Scriptures, and dctcly linatioly'
to defend them against any interposition
wliich would mar the historie sen e ox
?contradict any traditional doctrine of our
faith.
"o. The original application o. the
doctrine, contained therein belongs to
the Presbyteries, and the Assembly con
sideis thom comp?tent tor their tune
tion; neither would il usurp rn- inn stall
'his function, or hamper tl n. \ it?; per
I formalice, by granting if ii. 'ICB? de
liverances which could ' .(/??un - cd into
an anticipatory ox posit io J tlnV iw, bul
could md be of hil.ding f^ e. V
.?I. Tin-Assembly as-t s its Presby
teries that tin- highest V on ri of the
Church will lu- n ady at thc proper time
to uphold and endorse any policial action
of tin- Presbyteries founded on the con
stitutional law ol' the ( burch.
This report was signed by the lj.
Wm. Flinn, the Hi v. I'. I.'. F
the Kev. T. K. Smith ami Kulin
V. II. Henderson.
The Kev. Messrs. Wm. Flinn/ id F.
IC. Smith presented tho follow//,' addi
tional minority report: /
.We the undersigned, members of thc
special committee on evolution, recom
mend that the General Assembly decline
to make a deliverance on tin- subject,
because the answer which i* invoked \<\
these overtures, if granted, would violate
constitution. (Note Confession of
Faith, chapti r.'tl, paragraph A)
'Second. Because tho Word of God,
its interpreted by our standards, gives
thc faith of the Church.
"Third. Bccauso before oin- ot' nor
.wer Courts a concrete coso is pending
involving the matters ol' those overt nn s."
The matter wa? discussed i|iiite at
length two days being' consumed in tho
debate.
Tin motion was then put that thc mi
nority report l>e substituted for tin- ma
jority report, lint it was lost, lt was
moved that Hie vote he next taken on thc
majority report and that the yeas ami
nay - lu- called and recorded. Adopted,
l in- roll vv calli d and resulted in a vote
if i:i7 yeas to Kl nays. So tin- majority
report was adopted.
OTIir.lt MATTERS.
Tiie following resolution was oflbrcd
by the committee <>n foreign correspond
ence:
Resolved, Thal tho committoo appoint
d tt) confer witli a similiar committee ol
the ( loncual Assembly of the Presbyterinn
<'lunch in thc United States of America
for the purpose of arranging for a cen
tennial celebration, shall also constitute
tho Committee of t bis Assembly tor carrj
ing out such arrangements,
Dr. Richardson read loiters from col
legos in the difforont Presbyteries as to
their conditions, which ?how them to be
rather short of funds.
Dr. Smoot said tint! tin y should edu
cate thoir boys to l?e ministers that ii
they had no ministers there could be no
.burch. Fathers should ?n ess upon their
sons that tiie great object in this life is
not to make money, hut to glorify God.
The afternoon was spent in discussing
the report of the committee on theologi
cal seminaries, which is ns billows:
The standing committoo on theological
seminaries presents a report on Union,
Columbia and Tuscaloosa Institutes.
Tho remarks on Columbia Seminary are
as follows:
A vory brief roport from tho board of
directors of this institution tills us with
sorrow and amazement. It tolls us that
this ladovod seminary, with its aaset?
amounting to $270,000 and an annual
cash income of $11,784, closes this term
with only oleven student?, and that tivo
of tl i eso aro in tho session class, leaving
j only six as tho prospects for noxt your.
It tells us further that twenty-two stu
dents roaWoiUatod; that Dr. Woodrow
he U.v
crgu/'n,
ng/aler
resumed hid duties OS its Perkins proles
8or ni)out tho middle of last December
timi eleven students wore dismissed um
Dr. Oirardeau Ima resigned. Thoroforo
in view of these facts, especially the simd
number <>f students ?uni the large anioun
expended in training them, your COU)
mittue recommend tho following:
Resolved, That this Assembly recoin
mend tho four Synods controlling thal
seminary to suspend it for tho present
until thc Providence ol God shall indi
cato ?hat it should bo opened agaii
(lo nora.
Addresses Wi re made by Drs. Mosoly
W oodrow and PetoiS. Tito evening BC8
sion was devoted to thc discussion o
home missions.
THU um. \ i i. ?,non coi \< IL.
' Orgniil/.ollou ?I' IIIIHIIICHS*.., Uto M.wliiii.l Con
vetiOoii?*'l'lit' I'rm i'i'dliiKN.
Tile Knights ol Labor mel in Cli ve
land, ()., last Wednesday. lt was 9,21
o'clock when Powderly lett tho hotel
and it was 1' . IO o'clock liefere tho Goil
eral Assembly was rapped to order h;
tho chief executive. In the incanting
tho delegates congregated in groups ii
thc hall ami corridors, discussing lal??
topics.
When tho ead for tho Convention wa
issued by Powderly lie only enumerate
five ctv/scs of complaint that wore to b
, adjust .. Tin s? Were boycott'-, strike.1
the Southwest troubles, tho relation <
(lie Knights of Labor to other organ i zr
lions and the insti'- Mug of new lissom
bli?.-:. SillCO tho 'ega tes have arrive.
many ol thom ...,o plans thal tho,
would I?K-- tn soring upon the specif
session. Whether these will bc ?lis
cussed or laid upon tho table cannot b
determined as yet. (mool these pinn
is to agitate tie- subject ,,| (loVOrillUOIl
regulation of railroads. A member ?
thu Order from Alleghaiiy, l'a., has pu
pared a long address upon this subject
an? a delegate hom his district will tr
1- secure a hearing for him. Tho gel
I'^e-iian's address also deals with t!i
/ ijoet of the national arbitration boar?
I Another mattel has been made publii
For some timo past thu executive boar
bas not been sat isliftl with some of th
organizers of tho Order, and s, %, n
have had charges preferred against tin t
and had their commissions recalled.
The first business of tho morning soi
sion was tho acceptance of Hie report?
tho committee on credentials. Thone
delegates woro thou admitted t>> tho hn
?uni the obligations, dmiuisteii d. Pox
derby's jess was thou delivered o:
terop'u ioualv. itu refcred tho ?L l
gates to'die call to learn what businc
Was to ho brough! forward, and tub it
up tin- live subjects <>t strikes, boycott
labor (roubles, dillicillties with trail
unions ami increasing nienibcrsliip oi
by one, ho advised most careful thong!
and full discussions upon all question
Ile asked that harmony, prudi nee al
discretion should predominate in ?
I matters, and that thc affairs of the Co
Volition should he acted llpOII \| " CO
.sidemtion and dispatch. The best pa
of the address, treating of mat tel s ?nt i i
ly within the province of tho Ord?
cannot bo mad?- public. Powderly i
sumed his seat amid prolonged appian
mid upon motion appointed stamin
committees of fivo upon each of tho f<
lowing subjects: Laws, .trikes, boycot
and relation of Knight- to other orgiXl
zatioiis.
The usmd committees were thou II
j pointed.
De\egatos to tho (1 encrai Vssombly <
' prCSScd themselves as highly pleased
tho action of th Cleveland Typogrnp]
cal ll-'u in in (meting it- delegate
I they, d convention to vote that t
I Cilium .vor t?i the Knights of Tad
in ahoi\ Tho Convention will meei
Pittsburg .lum- I, and it is confident
asserted that it will adjourn as a distr
assembly of the Knights of Lain
About thirty live thousand members v
lie added t?. th? Knights of Labor
this action, and it is claimed that CO
posit? us iii small towns where lhere ;
no unions will swell Ibo numbera to ti
thousand.
The Assembly mel at S.:?,U ucl.
Thursday morning. The committee
laws presente.1 n proposition that I
executive hoard should bi increased I n
live to eleven members. Theil) WO*
general sentiment in favor of iuorcasi
the membership in tlx- board, hut t
question as to whether it would lie pit
cr fur a special c? nvontion to take act
in the matter mei with some diflforoi
of opinion. The report was refer
i k to the conunittce <?n laws with
'I o^
msfiiiotions. <?fil
A large number ul local Grt/Sj(,es, ;
in some States the body of the tarn
have gone into the Knights of Labor
district assemblies. Farmers' On
largely assisted the Knights in thu
strikes in tho Southwest, and to show
appreciation Of tho brotherly aid
General Assembly appointed a conn
t< ?. to in? pare an address to the Gnu
to he presented nt its national cum
lion.
Powderly's plan, as it is called, of S
Assemblies will do away with many
necessary strikes. It provides, am
other things, that no assembly but S
and national .shall have pOWOJ to 0
either a strike or boycott. If ft 1
assembly wants to order a strike it i
llrat get the consent of tho district
thoil Of the State assemblies.
Ono of the most important subj
under consideration by thu Asscmh
tho breach between the Knights and
trades union. An agreement or tr
moy lie formulated, whereby each
will loso nothing of its principles
enable each other to work in harmon
Munt Haglns, colored, was drownc
Kocky Mount Kerry, Lancaster, last
day.
PUBLIC si 'HOOL TKACIIKIts.
A ' iniciiii'Mi ol' Nonie ol Their Necda nml Their
Discouragement*.
(From thc Philadelphia Times )
"I <lo not soc what nho luis to com
plain of. Works only six hours a day,
five days out of tho week, and tho rest
of thc time sho can do ns she please?.
She is paid hy the public, so there is no
chance of money loss, and, take it all
together, she is as well oft" as anybody
eau be who works for a living."
The show is tho opinion, not of otic
or a dozen persons in ti community, but
of a majority, because the school be
gins at ?) o'clock it is taken for granted
that the teacher's duties date from that
; hour; because it closes at 1 or half-past
four in tho afternoon it is supposed that
! nothing remains for lier te do, but
sho can don her wraps, go hourn, shop
and visit ad libitum until the hour for
I retiring has como. During tin? hours of
confinement in tho school-room she can
sit in her chair by a desk or walk quietly
around the room, looking after some two
or three scores of bright-eyed young
sters who are busy studying (?) and real
ly need little attention. That she earns
her money easily is a foregone conclu
sion. But docs she?
Tho fact is, tho honest, earnest, faith
ful teacher works harder and more con
tinuously than almost any other laborer
in tho community. Mind, I say tho
"honest, faithful teacher." That there
arc those in this employment, as in all
otb ors, whoso only object is to get
through in some way, it does not matter
how, only that they arc sui'0 of their
pay, I do liol deny. Tho result of their,
work, or tho lack of it, shows how much j
of thought and enthusiasm entered into
il - doing. Their duties are loft behind |
them when tho school-room door closes
in the afternoon, and "a good limo" is
the watchword until they enter it in tho
morning. That is not tho kind of teach
er I am talking about. It is thc kind
that soon linds no place unless political
influence interferes to make and keep
olio.
The position of a conscientious teacher
is no sinecure. Far from the labor be
ing confined to six hours a day, it frc
? qucntly extends deep into tile time which
should bo given t<> sleep. Present
j methods require quite as much brain -
work to bo done out of school hours as
in. There aro weekly, monthly and
term examinations to l>e conducted.
Most of them ure written, and this in
volves ^the careful examination of as
I many paper? as each teacher has scholars,
i multiplied by tho number of studies pur
sued. Von who think this is il >innll
matter, try it for one time with one siib
I jed in your own family. I have known
! many teachers who spent every evening,
I those of Saturday and Sunday included,
for weeks at a time in this kind of work,
j until body and mind were utterly ex
hausted. An?! these were not exception
al cases. 1 cannot see where thc "easy
time" conics in for them.
Aside from this is thc absoluto necessi
ty of keeping abreast ol' thc | regress in
all matters pertaining to education. Each
year brings its changes. Science oes
not stand still. New discoveries are con
stantly being made and what WHS thought
to be true yesterday may bo proven false
to-day. No severer critics oxisl than chil
dren. Lol ft teacher bc found lacking in
I knowledge or milking a misstatement,
and her intiucnoc is .shaken. Repeated,
and it is gone forever.
It is easy lo see then liait the success
ful teacher must be constantly studying,
(bice mastered, alway mastered, is not
true in her case. To bo even decently
prepared to do her work, she must, bo
, actively alert ; to bo all thal is demanded
as an educator exacts hours of vigorous
application h? study, and these of neces
sity fall into thc evenings and holidays.
Only a few weeks ago, a butcher told me
that her vacation was to be given to at
tending a course of university lectures in
another city, in order t?> prepare herself
more thoroughly for ber work in a given
direction. She had no time to give to
rest or recreation, and I knew thal for
w? eks she had been "burning tho mid
night oil" over tho examination papers
of her pupils.
To keep thc Control of the pupils of an
average school requires the expenditure
ol' no small amount of nervous force,
how much one who has in ver undertaken
il has no mole idea than ol' the strengt!I
of wing it would take to balance tho
average mau and hold bim in the upper
air. A motlier is often worn out with
the effort of keeping her own children
limited perhaps lo two or three in
order. What would she do were that
number multiplied by ten or ilftcon and
thc strain kept up for days and weeks
and months and years? Ol' course 1 I
know that tho motlier is taxed in very
many oilier ways, but tile remark that
"thc care of the children is wearing mo
out" i-- a very frequent one.
In almost every other employment
I which demands as many high qualifica
tions thoro is a chance of advancement
in salary sufficient to enable tho worker
to lay aside something for sickness and
old age. In this lhere is little or none,
for the woman who ever receive over
81,000 a year for thoir labor are few in I
number. Very many have families de?
pending upon them fol support. The
most pinching economy will not more
than make Ix db ends meet without re
gard to tho future. There is no pension
for thom w hen disabled, err superannua
tion fund when their day of work is
passed.
"And yet," you say, "there aro not
places enough for those who want to
occupy thom. For every vacancy there
ure swarms of upplicaounts, and tho suc
cessful ono is alw ays rogarded as very
fortunate."
True enough, and it is oasy to soe why.
Necessity is a taskmaster that recks little
of ono's likes or dislikes, L'aeh year tho
number of wouiou who must carn their
own living increases, to say nothing of
those who choose to be independent.
Teaching has always been regarded aa
one of tho most gelded ways open to
them for self-support. It given a bettor po
sition in .society, presupposes il good
education and the bringing up of a lady.
The salary may bo small, hut it is cer
tain. Then, too-a thing to be regretted
-a large number of tho girls who be
come teachers do not look upon it aa it
life work, but only a temporary make
shift which will not affect their position
in society until they marry. Tho conse
quences or possibilities of long years of
such wear and tear does not enter into
their calculations. With youth and
energy, a probable drain upon the nerv
ous forces often counts 1 ?nt little.
Besides this, to the earnest teacher
there are pleasures in her work that
physic pain. Thc feeling that she is
opening new worlds to young minds,
that she is showing them much that is
worth living for, that she is teaching
them to become strong, brave men suc
cess, it is necessary for parents to givo
her their e? ntidence und sympathy, to
regard bur ns their friend and helper and,
while demanding <>V her tho best work
that can bo given, treat her not ns tho
hireling hardly worthy of her biro, but
with the respect and consideration due
to one who has the highest interests of
their children in her charge.
KM i LY s. BOUTON,
THU HX-eoxKKimit\TK <.I;.M:H
\\ I.ni ilie Surviving <'Militons ul Iii? SOU til an:
l'ill|Xiim'?l in Von.
( WuHlllngtoi OiSfiiU h to Cincinnati lin?iuire>r.)
(len. Marcus.!. Wright,an ox-Confed
erate officer, who has charge of the pub
lication of the rebellion records under
the auspices of the war department, gives
thc following as t<> the whereabouts and
occupations ol' thc more prominent gen
erals ol'tin Confederate anny. Of thc
six full generals appointed by the Con
federate Congress only two survive
Joseph K. Johnston, now United States
commissioner of railroads, and G. T.
H ea u regan I, adjutant-general of Louisi
ana and malinger of tho Louisiana Lot
tery dm wi ogs. ( M tlc twenty lieutenant
generals appointed to tho provisional
army several are living, 13. Kirby Smith
is professor of mathematics in the Uni
versity of the South. Tennessee, which
is an Episcopal institution. James
Longstreet is keeping o hotel down in
Georgia, alter serving a term there as
United State:: marshal undur President
Hayes, h. H. Hill, ol' North Carolina,
was till recently president of thc Agri
cultural Sclnm! of tho stab- of Arkansas
and now earns a living chiefly by maga
zine writing. Richard Taylor, son of
President Taylor, is engaged in building
a canal nour New Orleans. Stephen 1).
Kee is a fanm r and president ?d' tho
State Agricultural College of Mississippi.
Jubal A. Kailey practices law at Lynch
burg, although Iii- chief support is de
rived from his connection with tho
Louisiana Lottery Company.
Of tho maj. r generals, A. P. Stewart
is now presiden! of tho University of
Mississippi al Oxford, whore Secretary
Lamar was (I professor at tin time of his
election to Ibo United Stabs Senate.
Wade Hampton is ill Hie Senate. Joseph
Wheeler is in Congress, He is very
wealthy and one ol the largest planters
in Alabama, .lohn li. Gordon is a mil
lionaire railroad man and figured con
spicuously at thc Montgomery celebra
tion. (?en. Coring, ol florida, was
engineering in ICgypl until a few years
ugo, when ho cann lo New York to work
nt the same profession. 13. F. Oheatham
was recently appointed postmaster at
Nashville, Tenn., by President Cleve
land. Sam .huies, of Virginia, is in tho
judge adv?cale general's office, Lafay
ette McLaws is postmaster at Savannah,
Ga. L. B. Buckner lives in Louisville,
Ky., where he own a great deal of real
estate, the revenue of which supports
him. L. B. French earns a scanty sub
sistence by engineering in Georgia. C.
K. Stephenson i- m Fredoricksburg, Va.
.lohn ll. Korney, brother of Congress
man Forney, is in an insane asylum at
Selma, Ala. Abney ll. Maury is in
Washington, agent for a New York life
insurance company. John G. Walker is
also in the insurance business hero.
Isaac H. Trimble lives in retirement in
Baltimore, ou a fortune derived from tho
Trimble whiskey. Gen. Hetll is em
ployed by tho Government to do en
gineering on some Southern rivers.
Cadmus Wilcox was formerly employed
about thc Schute ( hamber, but is now
in retirement, writing n history of tho
Mexican wa!. Fitzlltlgh Leo is Gov
ernor of Virginia. Extra Hilly Smith
practices law al Worronton, Va. Charles
W. Ki? ld, once doorkeeper of thu House,
is superintendent of tho Hot Springs
Reservation. William H. Hate is Gov
ernor of Tennessee. W. H. F. Lee is a
Fairfax county farmer. C. J, Polignae,
i who came over from Franco to espouse
tlie Confederate cause, is back in Prris,
busied with iinincnse ra i i road operations.
J. F. Fagan was marshal of Arkansas
? under Grant. Ile is now at Little Kock.
William Maheno is in the Senate, as is
E. C. Walth'dl, ol Mississippi. John H.
Marmaduke is Governor of Missouri and
an aspirant for Senator CockroU's seat,
Piorce M. B. Yoting has geno to Russia
as United Sbitcs consul genoral at St.
Petersburg. M. C. Butler is a Senator .
0< tho United States. Thomas L.
sell, afb. making a fortuno as ftttoi
for the Northern Pacific Railroe'1
settled down at his old homoj
lottoBville, Va. 0. W. Ct
president of Washington
vorsity at Lexington, Vj
The small gmlu crop
ty ls poorer tilting bttM