Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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y ll? I jr M. .Wi ^ ititi* LAURENS C. H., S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST If), 1885. NO. 3 THE FARMERS IN COUNCIL IMVOCKKlM.MiK OF TUB STATE COWKX. TIO* IN COLUMBIA. A I.urge Hotly ol <?ooil Mnkr-I p- Nearly All tho Counties Itepresented-The Proceedings lu Detail. Pursuant to tho cull heretofore pub lished, the State Convention of Formers mot in Agricultural Hall, Columbia, on the 29th ult. Promptly nt 12 o'clock tho Convention was called to order by Capt. B. B. Tillman, of EdgoflOld, who pro ceeded to deliver an address in substance as follows: If I were much in love with myself, this manifestation of approval you have just given nie might turn my head and make me egotistical. I hope to prove before I conclude what 1. have to say that, while I am a man who entertains positive opinions and am not afraid to express them unequivocally when occasion de mands, yet still I know who I am and what I am. I have been asked to call Ulis convention to order, and state my views as to the objects to be gained and the proper mode of proceeding to nttaiu what we have in view. In some respects I am thus placed in iv peculiar and em barrassing situation. There seems to be a current opinion that I am a dynamiter, a communist, who stands ready to sub vert society and overthrow the Demo cratic party. The newspapers and tin politicians have striven hard to thus pic ture mo in the mind of the public. I have been christened the "Moses," and the name has stuck and will continue to stick. The application was first applied to mo in derision by Colonel I). P. Duu cr.n, and it was taken up by the newspa pers, and has constantly been connected with nie and the movement which I claim tho honor of having originated. But I am not ashamed to bear the name. My friends even call mo Moses. I hope sincerely that 1 may, if even in the very smallest degree, resemble the great law - giver and leader of tho Egyptians; and if I shall be able, like him, to benefit un people - the whole people of tho State without regard to any one class-I w ill feel that I have accomplished my highest object. This is my mission, and has been since, at Bonnottsvilio lust August, I started this movement. Selfish, little men-politicians and editors-have im pugned mymotives, thus seeking to im pair my influonco and bring mo into bad odor. I shall nevertheless continuo to move onward till I n ach my goal. Von must reform the fanning before you cnn reform the farmers. There must bc among us more thought, mon- bruin phosphates. This agitation hus already broadened into formidable proportions; it is now a grand reform movement which will und must triumph over all obstacles. Tho cry is ever heard that il' we are not very careful bow we proceed we will injure th" D?mocratie party mid divide our people. No mun mun in South Carolina is a truer Democrat than I am, but if necessary 1 would not Hinch even if our grand reform movement should go into politics and rectify tho abuses in the D?mocratie camp and wash its dirty linen. It was feared that I would be very violent and communistic and advocate the rending asunder of all prevailing in stitutions, but nil 1 have to say is, that if every mun in this convention is us con secutive us I am, no class of our citizens will hnve any cause to complain of the action of this body. He had somewhere seen a cartoon which had amused him much, und which hud impressed on him an important les son regarding the attitude of the office holders and rulers of the party toward this farmers' mo veinent, lt represented a large enclosure of glass, in which there were a number of rats, each enjoying a piece of cheese. On the outside was a pat endeavoring to get in, and mud ut the failure of her efforts to effect an on tranco. Beneath the picture the legend inn, "You Can't (let In." There were hungry political eats in South Carolina who were mad because they could not get into tho Farmers' Convention, but the farmers wen- inside just now ; for once they held the keys, and they in tended to stay in, and as they were in ? they had better take a nibble at the I cheese, just to see how it histcs. The fanners had been so long ucens ?' tomed to the condition of dependence and vassalage to the unfavorable condi tions around them that they had reached a state where they were unwilling to make an effort to release themselves or to respond to au effort to secure deliver ance. He told the story of Sterne, who, while walking near the Bustile in Paris, ucAtd a plaintive cry like that of a wo man br child, ? can't get out!" "I '-.oft ' Wi" Jils comp?salo!! was aroused, Sallowing the sot? -* uncovered that it proceeded not from a Unman pris oner, but from a caged starling.and, yield ing io ibo feeling Qf commis?ration ex cited by the cry and Hu- sight ot tbo captivo bird, he Opened the door of the cage. The bird hopped from its perch to tho open door, surveyed the ll? Ids around the prison, on which ai singlo tree offered a refuge to tempt it to try its long unused wings in Hight, and then turned discouraged back into the cogo with tho despairing cry, "T can't got ?mt!" Th I ? has hem tim condition of Hie farmers of the Slate, as Ito could tes tify from his own oxperionoo. Made captiver, by tho adverso circunndunces willoh followed tho close of the war, sub jected for ten years t o a roluiitless syi tem of brigandage and. oppression, they hud rcaohed a ?Uto from which there WOH ab aolntely no rolicf but in a ne * system of farming. Tho cogo has booti opened for ten 'earn, and yet tho cry of the fanners is "wo can't get out ?"and they seemed until ypccntly to bo willing to ronato in a eon* ditiou of mental niul political bondage. Unless these shaoklos ore broken and they would use tho opportunity to assert their citizenship and come out into the light and liberty which was [their right, he was afraid that when tho era of the New South did como it would timi tho lands of tho farmers in thc hands of aliens, and the sons of tho present own er ; sunk into a condition ol' slavery more abject and degraded than that of the slaves which their fathers held. "Say, you men of Smith Carolina," exclaimed Mr, Tillman, "who own the soil and pay throe-fourths of the taxes, how do you take this system of ?Irv nurs ing, this intolerable iusolenceV" Ile urged upon them to lind out what was the wish of tho flamers on this subject and thon go homo, and in the primary assemblies aid in securing true men to represent them, ho cared not what was their calling, whether lawyers, doctors, preachers or what not, so that they wen prepared to do that which was for tin best interest of thc farmers and all othoi classes. What tho farmers wanted was self government. Since 187(5 tho nogroei had been corralled in ii convict cam] with tin; DolliOCratio party as a guan over them. Tho guards had sunk into i deep sleep, while n favored few had lu ci foraging thc fields and reaping all tin benefits and emoluments, ile omni stl; protested his loyalty to tho Democrat ii party, und said that "no private citizei bud done or risked more than he hud ii 1.S7H." If the reforms advocated by bin were adopted he believed that the botton would be reached, and thc future wouli be bright with hope and not dark witl gloom as now. In tho years in which he had struggle* to his present position asa farmer ho hm learned a little about farming, and who he como to die bc would probably hav learned about as much ns he might hav loamed in four yours at a well conduele Agricultural College. Capt, Tillman's address (of which th above is but un imperfect synopsis; wu well received, and was repeatedly a] phonied. At tho close of his address ('apt. Til mun declared tho Convention ready fi business. Dr. W, TI. Timniorman, of EdgofloU nominated thc following-named gcntli mon us temporary officers: Chairman, . K. Tindall. Vicc-Prcaidcnts-First Di trict, W. T. Brooker, Lexington; Seeon District, NV. J. Talbert, ridgefield; Thii District, J. A, Sligh, Newberry; Four! District, M, L. Donaldson, Grconvill Piftli District, J. H. Hardin, Cheste Sixth District, E. L. Stockhonse, M rion; Seventh District, Goorgo^Tuppc Collcton. Secretaries-O. P. Chcathai Edgoilold, and Thomas W. Hollow u Newberry. The Chair appointed Messrs. Timme man, Stockhouso and Thomas n commi tee to inform the Chairman of his eic Hon, niul they retired and soon rctiun? conducting Mr. Tindall to thc plntforn Mr. Tindall returned his thanks in graceful speech, concluding us follow " The grandest of all civilizations timi which is built upon the suci country life of an intelligent und virt ons people. It shall bo only necessa for this intelligent body to nmtoun their wishes, und there wlil be foin no party in the State who will have t temerity to stand in tho way of their i forcement." A committee on credentials, consist? of one member from euch County, w appointed, to whom it was referred examine credentials. Tho Committee tired, and tho Convention took a rec? till a p. M. At'TEUNOON SESSION, ? On motion, Commissioner A. 1'. ll 1er and Master J. N. Lipscomb of t I State ({range were invited to scats on t floor of the Convention, Mr. Allen, of Spart a ni aug, mo\ that Oovornor Thompson be invited address the Convention, Mr. Evans, Chesterfield, opposed thc motion ant was lost. Mr. Williamson, of Sumter, moved reconsider, Mr. John J. Dargan si gesled a rising vote. If there wore < jeetioiiH or charges against tho Govert they should bo made Openly, Mr. Evans disclaimed any rolled] on tho Governor, either as an official us un individual. Ile simply incant tl the time of tho Convention should i be taken up with general speech-makii The Chairman ruled the discussion < of order, as tho Convention was not organized. After a little further debate a niotioi receive tho report of tho Gemmittcc Credentials was carried, and this rep w?is moxie by Mr. Clarkson, of Richln Tho hst oi delegates iucluded the nui of two hundred and seventy-five \ BOhS-CYcry County iu tho State be represented except Barnwell, B?at??t Georgetown and Korry. The report was udopieit uiui tho f porary organization was made pen neut. Tho Chairman said bo thought matter of inviting Governor Thump to address tho Convention should ot beforo tim body, and ho hoped 8( member would mako a motion to I end. Mr. Donaldson ipado the motio;i, iv waa unanimously adopted. Mr. Talbert offered tho following ] amblo and resolutions, which were tu imously adopted, as expressing the / end platform of tho Couvoniion; Whereas, tho farmers' movemeut been stigmatized by soino as nntagoni to the interests of other professions; whereas, lt hos boen said by others said movement luis for its object creating of a now party and injec into our body politic falso issues, < therefore, bo it resolved, First. That wo, tho members of Ulis Convention, assort and reassert that our object is not at all to antagonize tho well being of any other profession or profes sions whatsoever. Second. That wc recognize the right of nil citizens to hold conventions and Consult together for thc good of their respective callings, and claim for our selves only thc same right in assembling to-day. Third. That wc recognize and realize the fuel that oin-State has good, patriotic and useful men in all avocations of life, and we invoke thc aid of all such to as sist us in advancing the interests of tho whole State. .1th. That wo solemnly avow our object is not to create any new party orto bring about any dissensions or trouble in tho Democratic party, but simply to unite thc farmers of thc State for thc promo tion and protection of their interests, and to bring about any reforms in tho admi nistration of tho State government that may result advantageously to thc tillers of tho soil in common with every other class of citizens in South Carolina and tllO United States. 5th. That while wo arc not hero os a political body to arraign thc State admi nistration Ol' any branch thereof, wo claim tho right to discuss any questions in regard thereto which may affect our interests us au agricultural people, and to demand our rights as taxpayers. (?th. That wc do not claim this coun try as tho farmers', thc lawyers', the me chanics' or anybody else's alone, but as ona country, to be governed for the mu tual benefit of all. On motion u Committee on Resolu tions was selected, one from each County, to whom all resolutions were referred, Under this rule a number of resolution? were introduced and properly referred. Col. J. X. Lipscomb, in response h au invitation, addressed thc Convontioi upon the matters proper for its consid eration. Thc Convention then took a recess til 8, p. m. NIOIIT SESSION. A number of resolutions were were in troduccd and properly referred. Thc Committee on Resolutions report cd favorably on thc following, whicl were ado] it eil: Whereas, The agricultural interests o the State demand protection, develop meid and advancement, and to n?com plish an end so desirable, therefore, Resolved, That in tho opinion <>f titi Convention, there should bc u pcrinancil fanners' organization. Resolved, That one delegate from cac Congressional District bo appointed Committee whose duty it shall be to dial rules and resolutions for the govommci] of said organization, and thc same be n ported to this Convention as carly ii practicable. The Chair appointed thc followin committee: Messrs. Stackhouse, Tillmai Bradloy, Dargan, Massey, linnean an Donaldson. The Committee also reported favori bly thc resolutions of Mr. Bligh, of Nev berry, urging the Legislature to pass a Act limiting tho number of references i actions for thc settlement of thc estab of deceased persons. Thc rcsolutioi were unanimously adopted. The following resolutions, offered li Dr. D. C. Tompkins, of Edgoficld, wei also reported by thc Committee an adopted: Whereas in the report of the Com] holler Qoncral it is stated that some < the Counties return their taxable propo ty at ligures far below others, some i tho Counties returning horses at fro] SIM to $50 and others returning thci from 81)0 to $100; therefore, be it Resolved, That tho attention of tl next Legislature bo called to this di crcpnncy and a remedy provided. After Inuring un address from Col. 1 P. Duncan, thc Convention adjourm till Friday morning at 0 o'clock. -...?ni Day. The second day's proceedings opcm promptly ut 0 o'clock ou thc morning thc 80th ult. A number of resolutions were offert and properly referred, among them tl following: Recommending thc prima plan in nominating Congressmen; lixii tho por diem of thc Legislature at 8 that no member of the Legislature shou bo thc attorney for any corporation; discontinue thc appropriation for tl militia. Ry Mr. Rice, of Union-Fixing t maximum rate of interest at 7 per cen asking tho next Legislature to previ for biking thc census; also, impiirii why a privileged class is established tho South Carolina University, Ry Mr. Prince, of Anderson-That committee of ten bc appointed to exai ino thc books and vouchers of thc sevi al departments and report tho result 0 future meeting of this body. Mr. Thomas moved that tho resoluti bo luid on tho labio. Tho Chair thong tlmt inp resolutiou ought to 00 to t committee under tho nile. Mr. All said that it was competent for thc C< volition to dad directly with tho rcso tien. Mr, Trinco said tho charges li bc?T Specifically made hy Mr. Tillni in his resolutions that thcro w?^ ^ ministration by tho government otllcii Mr. Tillm.u , from his place, said was not trot Thc resolution was referred. Tho resolution inqiiiriug as to 1 poid to attorneys for lit iga! ion in matter of "Chisolm's Island," carno Mr. Dargan said that what tho C vontion wanted to know was why conduct of tins suit was not commit ?0 tho A 11 onie y ( o lierai, OS tho law < cor of the BUte." Colonel Butler replied that it was cause he wan tho attorney for tho Coot 1 Mining Company, and in view of t ?nct it was deemed advisable to employ another attorney. Mr. Ransom, of tho Agricultural De partment, made a statement including the resolution of the Board of Agricul ture, authorizing the employment of counsel-under which Senator A. T. Smythe, of Charleston, had been retain ed. Mr. Smythe was authorized to re tain assistants. The entire cost of the phosphate liti gation, extending from 1881 to Novem ber, 1885, which has been described above, lins been $7,818.42, divided as follows: Fees of Messrs. Smythe, Vor dior and Lee, from Rpril, 1881, to November, 1885, - -$5,700 00 Costs, surveys, etc.,. 1,068 4'2 Fee of Mr. Samuel Lord, in i Coosaw case,. 100 00 87,818 42 On motion of Mr. Talbert, of Edgo ilold, the explanation WHS accepted by the Convention as satisfactory, and thc thanks of tho body were returned to Colonel Butler and Mr. Hansom for the information. The committee was then discharged from tho furtheir consideration of thc subject. Thc committee reported favorably tin resolutions offered by Mr. Prince, sub stantially as follows: 1. That the farmers be urged to plan! less cotton and more of tobacco, fruits melons, grains and grasses. 2, That farmers take more active inte rest in tho State Department of Agricul ture. 8, That tho Legislature take measure: to encourage manufactures, These resolutions were unanimously j adopted by a rising vote. Governor Thompson, nt this stage, nr rived und mude an address to the Con volition, which was frequent';, applauded When the Governor took his seat, Mi Tillman rose to make a disclaimer, ll had been credited with charging "robbc ry and misrule." Ho hud used thes terms but applied them not to these ofll cers but to a ring of politicians wilie nearly everybody believed to exist. A to the "robbery," ho said ho referred t tho lion law-"a system of as damnabl robbery ns wns ever fastened on a pee pie." * Tin.'committee reported favorably th resolutions offered by Mr. TiUmai which aro in substance as follows: 1. That tho Legislature establish " real Agrioi?tural College", separate froi the South Carolina College, und modele ou the Agrioi?tural College of Missi sippi. '2. Thai the institution be under tl Control (d' tho Stute Board of Agrien ture, who shall receive bids for its lec tion from tho several counties. 8, That experimental stations bo (. tablishcd in connection with the Agria tural College. .i, That Congress be memorialized puss tho bill introduced by Mr. Hate and now pending, which appropri?t $15,000 annually to each State for til purpose, and that wo ask our Senate and Congressmen to use nil legitniu moons to secure its passage. 5. That wo protest against the mom for tho Agricultural College being und the management of the present Board Trustees. 0. That tho Trustees of thc Agria tural College be chosen, not by the Le islature, but by a State Convention farmers, to bc composed of 1'Opresenl tives from each County Agricultui Society. 7. That the privilege tax on fertiliza be doubled to raise funds for tho pl posed Agricultural College. 8. That the inspection of fertilizers mude more thorough and effective, 'J. That tho Citadel Academy be ab ished, and the money now appropri?t to it lie devoted to raising the stamin and improving tho equipment of t South ('undina College. 10, That the State establish an Indi trial College for Females, similar to tl of Mississippi. 11. ?That a committee of one fr? each Congressional District be appoint to present the matters in these reso tions to the GDnoral Assembly. Resolutions 1, 2, il and 1 were adop without debate. No. 5 was discuss but finally adopted. No. tl passed wi out debate. No. 7 caused somo debt but was .finally adopted. No. 8 pas; without debate. No. SJ created so confusion, but wns adopted by a voU 110 to'20. No. 10 was adopted-Mr. '1 man first expunging the words "di factory" applied to tho Citadel, i "mond graveyards" as applied to cot factories. No. ll caused no debate. 'J resolutions were then adopted as a win AlTIiHNOON SESSION. The resolution to appoint A coium.il to investigate the fiscal offices of State WOS reported, w ith the suggest that no cominittee bo appointed-u being deemed ucoetwary, Resolutions to call n Const i tut ic Convention, to repeal tho Lien Law, make Judges hold office for life, and abolish useless oUlco?., \vere adopted. Tho committee on peyr.iuiuuH org zation recommended tue iormntion ? 'The Agrioultund Association of St Carolina," to bo composed of mern elected by tho oouuty organizations, tho basis of representation iu tho Ia laluro. Tho committee suggested a c ; mit tee of seven to frame a constitu for tho Association. It waa resolved to appoint an ox tivc committee of ono from each coi to organize the farmers and keep \\\ present agitation till after the meet i i tho next General Assembly. Resolutions suggesting the impi mont of our tax system*, recommcn diversity of crops, and aflhwing al ance to tho Democratic platform, were .severally adopted. Tho following committees woro ap pointai by tho Chair under tho respect ive resolutions: Committee to Draft Huies and Regu lations for tho Agricultural Association-? Messrs. Stackh<ai.sc, Tillman, Bradley, Donaldson, Hinsoll and II. lt. Thomas. Committee to Memorialize the Legis lature nial Congress on thc Subjects Considered by tho Convention Messrs. J. \V. Summers, First District; B. E. Till man, Second District; J. A. Bligh, Third District ; I >. P. Duncan, Fourth District; [redol? Jones, Fifth District; Charles Crossland, Sixth District; H. ll. Thomas, Seventh District. Executive Committee-Abbeville, J. E. Bradley; Aiken, Dunbar Lamar; An derson, ll. P, Clinkscales; Berkeley, .1. B. Morrison; Charleston, NV. (J. Hinson; Clarendon, Jos. Spralt, Sr.; Chester, ll. T. Mooki icc ; Chesterfield, S. W. Evans; Darlington, NV. E. McKnight; Edgofiold, B. lt. Tillman, Chairman; Fairfield, T. S. Brice; Lexington, NV. .1. Soibols; Marion, F. T. Staekbouse; Marlboro, NV. D. Evans; Orangcburg, J. ll. Fil de: ; Bickens, S. F. NV. Clayton; Rich land, Thomas Taylor; Sumter, ll. B. Thomas; Union, O. E. Fant; Williams burg, J. C. McCutehen; York, Iredcll Jones; Lancaster, L. J. Berry; Laurens, (J. W. Sholl; Kershaw, L. c. Thompson; Oconcc, A. B. Broylcs; Greenville, M. L. Donaldson; Hampton, John Lawton; Newberry, B. T. C. Hunter. Tho customary resolutions of thanks were adopted, and the Convention then, nt 5 o'clock, adjourned sim: die. Mit. COW OH ll LY AT IIOMK. Illa View H on Hie Mrikei. tin- ISlK.ht-llo.tr Syn tem, mut Some Other Malton Xow \.:iiaun_ the Laboring I'eople of tho Country. (From tho New Voik Sur.) Although General Master Workman Powdcrly of the Knights of Labor is an advocate of a reasonable sbarc of rest for thc world's workers, be deems thc entire twenty-four hours too brief for his own daily task. The click ol' the typewriter is heard late into tho night in UH; cozy little buck ellice of his unassuming resi dence in thc Hyde Bark scot ion ol' tho city where the labor chief makes bis home. When the co-respondent of thc Star called to sec tho master workman lie found him hard at work in this ellice. Tho way was led by a modest, courteous, attentive and intelligent little lady, who stands between the labor chief and the hundreds who are continually calling i to sec him. This is Mts. Powdcrly, and she is a wonderful assistance to ber hus band in the performance ol' bis exacting duties. Having introduced the visitor, she withdraws, and thc folding doors which separate the front parlor from thc office library arc closed. The workshop in which thc general master workman labors is crowded with books and papers, but neatness, order and method arc ap parent in the arrangement of every article, from thc glass paper weight to tho pilo of bound volumes that contain copies of all thc important letters hr ha * written in the discharge of his official duties during the six years that he has been at tho head of tin- greatest labor Organization in the world. A mass i>t' letters, brought in otu; dav's mail, rises from the carpeted iloor almost as high as thc chair upon which he i.s seated, and Mr. Powdcrly is carefully going through these and making such notes of their contents as be thinks they deserve. .'You must receive as large a mail as thc average exchange editor," said the correspondent after thc first friendly greetings were over, "Well, I don't know bow much of a mail an exchange editor generally gets," said Mr. Powdorly, "but this is a fair specimen of what comes to mc every day through thc mails, aral my telegraphic correspondence is not much less. Asa genend thing thc assemblies of thc Knights of Labor select intelligent secre taries, ami their letters are always in ex cellent shape, but 1 receive some epistles that would puzzle an expert calling for decisions on knotty questions that would stagger Solomon himself. There is work cuottgh in my ellice to kce]> six men fully employed, and yet I am expected to do it and at the same time have B?flloiont leisure for philosophical essays on scien tific anti economic problems that would tax the wisdom and scholarship of a John Stuart Mill. Then it is astonishing how quickly I am taken to task for thc usc ol some learned phrase or expression that conveys tho most direct meaning T can think of at thc time. I am always anx ious to give my ideas thc simplest form of expression possible, so that there may be no misunderstanding ol what 1 say or write. Such simplicity requires study, and as ? have no time for study or reflec tion, tho thought must bc taken on its own merits without regard to tin: setting. What with sickness, worry and work I have had a busy time of it lately, mid I sec no let np in the. near future. Our order is inorcasing with amazing rapidi ty, and as a general thing new members aro moro likely to misunderstand its mis felon than th?; old oaofl. lt ought tobe generally Known thal '/ne order of the Knights cf "Labor is emphatically op posed to strikes until all ether means of securing ft settlement of thc matters in dispute have f ailed. But I find that some of those who want to join us luise.: quite ,a different impression* and a]ipear to be lieve that wo arc organized for tho pur pose of conducting instead of preventing strikes." "Wus thc general executive board cog nizant of tho fact that there WttS going to bo a strike in tho Southwest prior to thc striko taking placo?" ?'Wo know Hud thc nu n there had grie vances, but wo were not quito certain that Uio matter would culminate in a strike. There was great dissatisf ocUon among tho nun, owing to tho obstinacy of Vico President Hoxio, who refused n o?atcdly t<? listen to their complaints. The dis trict assembly was not required by oin' laws, however, to appeal Hie mutter to tho executive bonni before ordering u strike, und this is one of the things that we expect to amend nt our next general convention. We shall so amend tho laws of tho order that no assembly eua order a strike hereafter without first submitting the mutter to the highest authority in tho organization, except at tho risk of having its charter revoked. Then; must be no more strikes if it is possible to avert them, und I think it is." "ls it true that a gouoral c flo ri will be put forth by tho order throughout tho country, on tho first o? noxt month, to mnko eight hours the standard day's work?" "There is no truth whatever in such a report. While 1 um, as you know, in favor of shortening tho hours of labor, I recognize the grout fact that tho public is Hot yet fully educated up to the re quirements of inaugurating tho eight hour system successfully. A reform like that requires limo for discussion. Wc want the manufacturers und employer* of ull kinds to have plenty of time te talk tho matter over und see wherein it would bo of benefit to nil concerned the man who employs labor as well ai the mun who labors.'' "It is quito generally reported that au effort will bo mude on the 1st of May ii behalf of tho eight-hour system. Wonk it have the approval of tho order?" "We cannot countenance it at presen! because we believe such a movemon now would prove abortive, and wo wan to preparo tho country for it. Just no\ tho public is unprepared, and tho rcsul would bo to seriously cripple industry am prevent men from malling contracts. W arc not in favor of introducing any stiol chaotic condition of affairs." "Do you expect to seo tho oight-hou movement effective at any time in th near future?" "Whenever wo find thu! tho comdr is n ady for it we shall urge it with ai the earnestness at our command, but bc fore that timo employees and employe must have ?imple opportunity to bccoin acquainted with its benefits." "What would bo th> principio benefit of shorter hours of labor to the working mon of tho country?" "A more general difhision of labor nu consequently few er idle men in the com try. The employed have not as man opportunities to improve their conditio when there aro a gr< ut many idle mon i tiny would hilve if nil wore at woii Then: are many other advantages to 1 derived from shorter hours of lab? which it is not necessary to enumerate present, since that would lend to the di mission of tho question of lnbor-savii machinery and matters of incidental ii port anco." "How soon do you expect to see tl oight-hour movement successful?" "No time hus been fixed for it, and would bo dillioult to (Ix any time ju now. lt may bo two, tinco, or uto years hence, but not until tin question fully discuss, il and thoroughly und< stood by tho country. There will bo i gOUCral strike for the eight-hour mo\ ment in this count ry on the 1st 0? Mu as some of tho nowspapi rs suppose." Mr. 1'owdeWv appeared before Co grossman Curtiu's committee of ?uves gution ut Washington on Tuesday, < \l*Tl HK OF TIIK W111TH HOI SH. Children Take |*OMO4?l0ll Ol* ill? HroiliiiN II Holl IhiMtor Kitgi VII l?ny. Washington hos one observance Easter which is unparalleled tunlpecul to itself it is tho forcible entry und p session of the President's grounds Easter Monday by Hie children under years of age. How thu custom uri nuted and when, nobody knows-Ol thal on every l inster Monday all tho lil children in Washington, directly (li breakfast, swarm to tho White House roll Easter eggs on tho green slopes tho grounds, The grounds aro in a m sun open to tho public, but oven Chief Magistrate is entitled to some | vacy. But b> a law of tho childii making, all others are superseded Easter Monday. No part of tho par] sacred, and a crowd estimated from J to eight thousand, all under 10 or riot nt will over the grassy knolls. V dels ol Kastor eggs drive u Univ U'Odo. . The scene is highly pictlirOSi and interesting. Tho young ones e gregnte in group.., tho girls and b generally separate, except among very little toddlers, who roll thomsol as often as tho Easb r eggs down tho 1 The olde r boys pursue tho sport seien cully, and tho girls therefore oxel them, us tho boys would soon com have a monopoly of the e ggs. AU long it goes on, and when the multit lins departed it looks as if an arm locusts hud passed ove r the hvnd. Pl eleni Arthur always came ont and joyed tho scene immensely, and Pl deo* CloVOlftnd enjoyed the gambol tho children for a long time. -The latest London device for atti ing tho attention of passers by to a i window is to ron a strong electric rent along a brass bar placed outsid? parently for ibe purpose of prot?t the' gloss? Von involuntarily pince hand on the bur and immediately rOt u shock. The effeot is somowhal s ling, und the tempe lament of the si Ot ls bardi;, Softened by (MsCOVC whe n it is Oil over, a small curd win tho properties of the brass bar an scnrely se-t birth. -Asa lust resort some doctors in County, Virginia, buried a rheo patient up to the nock in the groom: I allowed him to remain in that po for nine days. Ho was entirely om .JEFF DAVIS IN MONTGOMERY. THU PEOPLE WILD WITH li VI' 11L' ls" t A bM . . THU I A MU.I A ll YELL. Ho AJiin hM'^i the People Prom 111? spot Whom Ile Took Hie (Inlli of Olllce ui l're?ideiit ot lin- Confederacy. MONTGOMERY, ALA., April28.-To-day w ill ever bo memorial ia tho history ol' A lu bama. Every locality was represented, and many adjacent towns and villages poured their entire population into tho streets ot Montgomery. At an early hour tho sidewalks were so densely packed that locomotion ssas difficult, lt hail rained all night, and poured down until lu o'clock. Instead ol' going to tho park it was decided to go to tho Capitol grounds tor tho speeches to bo nmilo from tho very spot where Mi*. Davis took thc i li ol' ofiico as President ol' thc Conic ra ' .States. Tho entire city is gaily de .cd, and thc City Hall hus United Stine.; Hags fluttering out of every window. Pictures of tho Confed erate GOUCrois oro fastened to tho out side walls, while thc names of Confeder ate Gonorals fluttered to the breezo ou streamers. The' Capitol was beautifully decorated. From the topmost point ou tin? high dome, lowering tai above every thing in the city, Moated thc stars anil stripes. The entire front was cov ered with streamers and devices, whilo there was suspended along the front col umns immense Federal Hags reaching down almost to tho beads of tho speak ers. Pl'ivuto houses and business houses all have a liberal supply ol' decorations and devices ami words ot w elcome to Mr. Davis. Thc scenes around Mr. Davis this morning and the great desire to seo and shako him hy the band aro inde scribable. Being feeble, it was moro than be could stand, and he bad lo retiro. The military escort formed in front of thu hotel and extended far up the nvonUO leading to thc Capitol, lt was necessary to form a square ni order Unit tho pro cession might move. The companies were formed and stretched out on each side. A carriage with tour white horses was drawn up to the door, and promptly at 2 o'clock Mr. Davis, escorted by Mayor Reese, Governor O'Neal and ex Govomor Watts, formerly of his Cabi net, stopped from tho hotel and entered tho carriage. The shouts of thc multi bide as ho was .seen to emerge from tho hotel ban a peculiar nervous jerk, which characterized what bccnuicwaousus the ' yell of tho Southerners'' thc world over. The next carriage contained (Jen. .lohn B. Cordon and Captain YY. J_i. bragg, Miss Winnie Davis, youngest daughter of Mr. Davis, and Miss RCCSC, tho Mayor's daughter. The third car riage contained W. NV. Screws, Mrs. Gordon, Miss Gordon and Miss Walter, the latter a niece uf Mr. Davis. Other carriages followed, with the trustees of tho Monument Association and tho Gov ernor's stall'. Amid tho waving of hats and hand kerchiefs, thc I looming of cannon, tho playing ol' bu mb. ol' music und shouts * louder than ever before heard, tho scene presented was rarely ever witnessed in any country; the demonstration being in honor of a man proscribed by tho United States government and as a tri bute to thc dead soldiers ol' u cause thtit was lost. The route of tho procession was about half a mile long. Tho nvoUUO is very wide, but the crowd when it be gan to move was packed from ono sido to tho other. When thc procession arrived at tho Capitol tho gateway was cleared for Mr. 1 'avis, the military being formed so as to prevent the overrunning of the buildings and grounds before he bad reached bia plaCO. He was seated upon thc historic spot ho occupied February lb, 18U1. Arranged in front was a place for the prcas and on the sides and in thc rear of Mr. Davis were the members of various organizations interested in the buildiug of tho monument, winch it is proposal to erect "ii tho hill and immediately north of the Capitol, Peoplo, men, women and children, were packed from tho stops to the front gate, and whilo it was impossible for a great part of them to hear, tiny stood in their places out of 1'CSpCCt foi' M I'. Davis and a desire to seo bini. When order had been secured Mayor Reese advanced to tho front and said; "MY COUNTRYMEN ; lt is with profound emotion that 1 present to you tho fore most typo of Southern manhood, Hon. Jefferson Davis, ox-President of tho Con federate States of America." . Tho scenes heretofore enacted wcro gone over as Mr, Davis advanced, and it was some minutes before he could pro ceed. lt was the first time that thou sands in tho crowd bad seen him siuco his arrival, it being impossible for all to per sonally reach him ul thu hotel, Tho shouts finally dying away, Mr. Davis, loaning on las cane, w ith a Federal flag bunging over him and Coufcdornto vete rans before him, who bad come hundreds of miles to hear and see bim, in a clear, ringing voice, show ing thc deep intensity of his feelings, but without ii tremor or pause, except when interrupted hy tho shouts ol his hearers, said. "My friends, it would bo vain if I should attempt to i spross to you tho deep gratification which I feel at this demon stration. Bat 1 know that it is uot per sonal, and therefore I feel moro deeply grateful, became it is a sentiment far dearer to me than myself. You have passed through the ordeal of a war w hich Alabama did not seek. When she felt her wrongs too grievous for furthor tolo ? ration she sought a peaccablo sohlt ion. That being denied hor, tho thundors of war cunio ringing over the land. Thou her peoplo rose in their majesty. Gray haired sires and beardless boya eagerly rushed to the froid, lt was that war which Christianity alouo approved-a. fOONTUiVBP OH rOVBXB i'AOE.J