Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ALLIANCE DEPARTMENT. J. F. NISJIET F?/!tor. He sure to read ati article in thi^ issue on making fertilizers. Our people need to know more about what the soil needs. We need to study our lands and experiment with different kinds of commercial fertilizers and when we find out what is lacking in them, try in some way to supply it. We can niu 1/ n /\n r lia/ln ??/\ tiiitnv */ui jouvin 111? m r j;i wuulu vr by learning to make our own fertilizers. One great trouble is that our farmers no not know (or very few at least) one grade of guano from another and the consequence is the fertilizer dealers can sell them anj> kind and thov do not know whether it is worth anything or not For the Kutorpri.su. Notes and Comments on Farming. Editor Alliance Dcj>artmcut: The farmers of the South throw away every year enormous sums of money hv the unintelligent use of commereial fertilizers?bv not using the kind of fertilizer on eer tain kind of land that that land nee Is, or by using kinds it does not need, thereby wasting money and at the same time making loss than if the lcrlilizers were used with more intelligence. The cause of thio ts lack of a knowledge ol agricultural chemistry, which knowledge (or enough for all practical purposes) could he easily obtained hv reading good agiicultural papers and the bulletins issued by the experiment stations, and making experiments accord ing to the suggestions found therein. * * * One way in whu-h much is lost is in buying a complete "guano" W1) AVi nnn i? elements and mix them himself at so much less cost, say four to six (lollors per ton less than it can he bought already mixed. Another thing against using what is called "guano" is that the land may need only two, or possibly only one, of the elements that compose it, or they may not be in the proper proportion. * re * There are three main chemical elements or properties that are necessary for the growth and pro duction of plants?nitrogen or .i.i i iiMiinwiiKi, jniw^ j?nui i' d? i<i? ?i I I? 1 potash. If these elements arc not in the soil in sullieient (plan tity, they must I e supplied l?v artificial means ii one expects to produce p>od result-. Nitrogen is obtained by the use of cotton seed, cotton seer, meal nitrate ol oda. dried blood, and -o i,n?r(,t ton seed and cotton seed meal bein jr the cheapest forms. Phosphoric acid is contained iu acid phosphate, "round bone, and s<, on : and notnsh in kainit and ni trate of potash, llu* former being the easier obtained. * * * <)n ordinary old land the proper proportions of these ingredients are?to he varied according to varied conditions? : Acid pliosphatc . |,ono pounds. Kainit ton " Cotton seed iiu'al 7"i? " (>r if cotton seed instead of meal is used, TO bushels, ten bushels of seed being about e?|iial to 100 pounds of meal. I'or corn.reduce the kainit one half or more and increase tho meal to 1000 pounds ' (or seed to one hundred bushels). For cotton on sandy land,increase I the kainit ; 011 red land, it may be ! left out altogether, red land eon 1 taining sufficient potash already, ! and sandy land being most deI ficicnt in potash. Any land 011 I which the plant sheds its leaves ' too early needs a good deal of 1 potash. * * 3b The costliest of those elements | and at t lie same t ime t he cheapest. is nitrogen. To buy it, it is much the costliest. Hut it is the cheapest in that it can be obtained at practically no cost at all. This is bv growing that wonderful plant the once despised cow pea. In the pea as a renovator of the soil 1 we of the South have an advantage that the Northern and Western fanner cannot claim in his red j clover?for clover will not grow on poor land ; and in it we have too the means of saving a fortune in the paying of fertilizer bills. If every tanner would terrace his land (lull of litis in another article). and would sow all his stub hie land and all his corn as he ' -*laid it by" (besides planting them between the hills) in peas his land would all the time he 1 getting richer and richer, and, at the same lime ite won id save money by not having to buy nitrogeneous fertilizers?for land that has had pea vines turned under on it does not need nitrogen. The nitrogen is required for the growth of the stalk, and where there is plenty of vegetable matter in the soil, especially if it is from pea vines or clover, the stalk will grow large enough without it? the nitrogen is already there. This should be borne in mind when buying and putting in fertilizers. Also that in low places, and all land where the tlm stalk is out of proportion to the fruit, that it is owing to a superfluity of nitrogen and a deficiency of phosphoric acid?and reduce the former or leave it out altogether ami proportionately increase the latter. The reverse course should he pursued where the stalk is too ! small for the fruit?which, how j over, i- not often the ruse. * * ! I'nless the price of cotton rises i verv materially (ami there i> no 1 ' immediate prospect of this.t hough it has taken a little rise now ? raised by the gamblers lor the purpose of catching "sucker-" down here) the farmers ol the South must adopt better methods ol farming or else continue to grow poorer and poorer until they .become -erf's indeed. Hut tin-rare signs that they are seeing thi> and are In-ginning to profit bv it ) 11el'e and t lo-re nil over I be Soil I ll there are men who are adopting belter methods, and are reaping the benefits ot it. Ill another part of this paper there will be found t vo letters from men who have succeeded. It will be seen | f 11 -11 I I no* lent no stieei:i! 'nliviti ta?;es?only they th i x?>< 1 brains with their soil, ami what they have done anyone else can <lo by i the same proeess. .1 CNK'S. OASTOllIA. j Pure Food and Anti-Option Legislature. Two measures in which we have been much interested for a number of years past, and which have made some progress in Congress during that time, but have never as yet become laws, are the bills in behalf of pure food and for the prohibition of option gambling. In the lifty-second Congress the Senate passed what is known as 1 the Paddock-llatch pure food bill, : and it was favorably reported in the House, but it not no further. Mr. i>rosiii8, of Pennsylvania, has now introduced a similar loll in 'the present Congress, with such i changes as the discussion during I the interval since the last hill 1 was up. has seemed to render desirable. It seeks to regulate adulterated and mixed food pro' duets, preventing the sale of harmful ones, and regulating that of those that are harmless, so that | consumers may not he defrauded. I While all know that adulteration ; i-' carried on to a very great extent, few are cognizant of the degree to which it is carried. On?* of the most commonly adulterated ' products, for example, is Hour that is supposed to he made from wheat. Corn Hour is largely used 1 in adulterating it, and while it is entirely harmless, the adulterant i is only worth about one-fourth as j much as genuine wheatjllour and the consumer is defrauded to this extent. The National Hoard of Trade Convention, recently in session at Washington, passed a resolution urging Congress to take steps by which these mixed (lours should be compelled to go onto the market for what they actually were. The New York Produce Exchange has also taken the matter up, and is endeavoring by the adoption of new inspection rules, to prevent these adulterated tlours from receiving the brand of that exchange. Corn Hour is of course, not at all hurtful, but its use hp an adulterant is fraudulent. In hundreds of other instances adulteration of food products is carried on to an great extent,and | in a great many cases by nn means so harmlessly, for those ; whose conscience permit them to adulterate food are not at all ! likely to be very thin-skinned I about the healthfulness of the ! adulterants used, provided they he not actually poisonous. The ; subject is one which Congress should deal with thoroughly and effectively,for these adulterations are not only a fraud upon the purchaser, but they are a serious injury to the producers of pure food products. The anti-option bill has also been before Congress in various forms for sever.il vear< past, and Mr. Stokes, of South Carolina.hns now introduced a bill of this character in the present Congress. Our views in regard to the evil against which this measure is directed is so well known that it is scarcely worth while to repeat them hero. We believe that opi .- i: . i i * nun uridine is go in i > 11 ng si in p i y, and that as such it should have no rights before tho law, and should not ho treated as a "vested interest" to he considered when measures looking to tho abolition of the injuries it produces are [ under discussion. That it is a serious factor in tho continued depression of prices for agricultural products, we have long been convinced. It disturbs tho operation of tho law of demand and supply, which alone should control the prices of products. This belief is one that is very generally prevalent among all who have given the subject much thought, either in this country or abroad, and producers' organizations are invariably opponents of any system of gambling in their products. The American Cotton Growers' | Protective Association, in session I at Memphis, Tcnn., a couple of : weeks ago, for example, adopted I a resolution indorsing the antioption bill of Mr. Stokes, now pending in Congress, and this has ! been the almost invariable course taken by producers' associations of every kind where the products are dealt with in this way. We sincerely hope thatCongress will recognize the necessity for the passage of .in eflieient anti-option measure, as well as of the pure food bill already referred to. Moth are necessary for the aboli! tions of serious evils under which the producers suller, and neither i of these evils have any rights which Congress shot.Id respect. ! Adulteration is fraud, and gambling should have no standing in the eyes of the law. < hildrcn nnd adults tortured by burns, scalds, injuries, eczema or skin diseases may secure instant relief by using DeWitt's Witch Hazel Salve. It is tin- great l'ile remedy. Crawford Bros. TIip.v Seoul ft> Favor This Hill. A well known and ^thoroughly reliable gentletnati in the eilv ini'orins The Register that a private j letter Irons one of our representatives in congress states that the judiciary committee at its meeting ' Thursday rendered a tie vote on (Senator Tillman's bill to place i the control of original package stores in the hands of the State. There are seventeen members of the committee, and the same letter states that nine are in favor , of the measure while eight oppose it. At the committee meeting only twelve were present, and their sentiments were equal 11 v divided. i I Another meeting of the comI m it tee will be called, the previous action reconsidered, and the hill reported favorably, it is confidentpresumed.?Columbia Register, 14. I The fie- . , '* r'ARSV .>:<rnalli; 'W ; 'fe: I $L 1 ^ . Siitp ! a I .1 f? W . Xf j r ? ";'n . .Iwpl;: ' ? t! * .v .. 4 ' Vv? - ! ''?$ ; * | V Wv !No. 4 AI i -.-t f Murliin > (lolive \\ i i!? tt Ton-ye J Drawers, drop leaf an >o. J? ? Draw its, drop loaf an No. .? ? ( > Drawers, drop leaf ai: it /s hasascuclr nmshzo aud as Write for full de*eriptl?in hikI for (' \T \I.O(! f'oy^los. Wagons Harness, Pianos, Holler Wheat Mills, Corn Mills, ! Silh <iWiiit tor Jhr Cot tun I'l'int <( iMMirifAUiaw. Farmer; THE WONDERS OF SCIENCE. m M. TROUBLES AND CONSUMPTION CAN BE CURED. An Eiiiiiiciit New York Chemist am) Scientist Makes a Free Offer to Our Readers. * The distinguished New York cheiii it-1 T. A. Slocnni, demonstrating his discovery ol' a reliable and absolute cure for Duusumpliou (Pulmonary Tuberculosis] and ail hroneliial, throat, I it 11 ^ and chest diseases, stubborn coughs,catarrhal affections, general decline and weakness, hiss of llesh, and all conditions of wasting away, will send TIIKKK KKKK KOTTI.KS (all different > :.f his New Discovery to any alllicted reader of the Kntkkimosk writing for 'hem. llis"New Scientnic Treatment" has cured t honsaiids permanently hy its timely use, and he considers it a -in.ple professional duly to -uttering humanity to donate a trial ol his infallible cure. i Science daily develops new woiN dors, and this great chemist, patiently 'ex peri merit ing for years, has prod need results as beneficial to humanity as can tie claimed by any modern genius,. 11 is assert ion t hat lung troubles and consumption are curable in any climate is proven hy "heartfelt letters of grat it inie," tiled in hi- American and European lahratories in thousands from those cured in all parts of the world. Medical experts concede that broil chiul. chest and limy; troubles lend to ?titpt ion, which, uninterrupted, means speedy and certain death. Simply write to T. A. Slnciim, M.<\, its I'ine street. New York, giving postolliec and express address, and the tree medicine will he promptly sent. Sull'erers should take instant advantage of his trenerous proposition. Please tell the Doctor that you saw his oiler in the Kntkki'Imsk. ^ hairRbalsam VmiSMgMff'Zrj JMdrcr.,* ai.il hrtutiflot th? h*ir. luxuriant growth. * HWlT ^Hlfovcr Falln to Ueatoro Qmy Hff&jftv "fl^P ll.iir to itH Youthful Color. "?'P * hair tailing. ' ' .1,'m Q FAVORITE AND MOST POPULAR fi|SW FLOWER St PANSieS, NASTURTIUMS ; SWEET PCAS, one Pkt. of AUB each variety for only P {(? i M ? Mlm it Tw rxwli Q blot Ineladlof ?of>7 of 1898 CoiAloffUO *n?l Floral Culturo, ( PIM 8. f. MmilCCTT. Ul iWt Kwl!?.. PIrrmhUa. >J? SENT FREE to housekeepers? Liebig COMPANY'S Extract of Beef COOK BOOKwiling how to i>rui>uru many lioilcillo ami delicious dishes. Address, Idt-hiy < o.i' t). llox -7 If, Now York m||lB a and Whiskey lUbKa IBS AM cured nt homo witliB fl W B 11 IWH ""l I'tiiii Hook of parS ?3 P I Wl ticiilars sent I'ltKK. Uhhhi B.M.WOOI.LKY, Zmuiui, ? ?. ofllco loi N. l'rvor 6t. iers' sewing_ \sxiCE jvmcHiNE. I . J |r , . I ' * i ^ ". \ S^-vlvK'i ', r - ;?r> ** \ 1 i ' ) .LUNCH. ~ * red lit any l> [)!>; i:i : .iiu, nr <!irirniit<*1*: id cover v. j h.i ; <1 co.er V, ' id cover GCC3 AG A//T hIGH-i MCiO flACHI.VG \ . r SKW1NC. MACHINES. I' 1*1.< ind ( I' 1.i <it" Organs, l'wrnltiiru, i'iotiN, Harrows, Mills, or anytltinu you want.' in/ (/if Our I'rinc /jisf. 3' Alliance Exchange of S. C.