Lancaster enterprise. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1891-1905, October 06, 1897, Page 2, Image 2
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IJ ARM* A HI) MANURE.
Construction of the Manure Hcaji
?The Use of Preservatives.
Careful construction of the manure
heap so that air will l?e as
completely exelmb <1 as possible,
keeping the heap moist ami avoid
ing alternate wetting and drying
have heen suggested as means o!
preventing loss of valuable ferti
lizing constituents ami of pr??
moling a decomposition which
will largely reduce the power ol
the manure to convert available
nitrogen into le s valuable 01
u<ele s forms (d>mitrifying p > ?
er) in the soil. Here we have an
explanation ol the effectiveness ol
well rotted manure. Not only
the availability of its own nitrogen
increased, but its power Ic
injuriously affect available nitro
gen Ironi other sources is reduced
Authorities agree that manage
nient ol the manure heap is more
important than the use of pre
sorvatives. Kainit lias been foil ml
to be effective in checking the
formation of ammonia, and superphos|)hato
in preventing its es
cape. The use of these is to l><
reeoinmended where they can be
cheaply obtained, because, in ad
(lition to preserving the manure,
they add to its constituents ( pot
a<h and phosphoric acid) in which
it is somewhat deficient. Canst it
lime has been found effective in
destroying the denitrifvinir nowei
w ?' O 1
of manure above referred to, but
there are objections to its use. It
has a tendency to drive oil* ammo
nia from organic matter such a<
manure. However, if the lime is
applied to the fres-i manure the
danger of loss from the escape ol
ammonia has been found to be
very small. It is only after fermentation
has commenced in the
manure that the danger of loss or
application of lime becomes seri
ous. It, has been suggested that
it might be safe and economical
to mix caustic lime or marl with
the manure to destroy its denitrifying
power and to cover the
heap with earth to prevent the
escape of ammonia. A second
objection to lime is that it tends
to convert the available nitrogen
of manure into insoluble and les>
available forms, but this tendency
is. in a measure, compensated
for by the fact that in addition t<i
destroying the denitrifying organ
ism, as already ex pi lined,the lime
uromotes nit ri Ii? . I ion
Mi llion of nitralos, when tin- ma
nure is applied to the -oil. lame
should not he used in eonneetiou
with superphosphate. Bisulphide
of carlion almost entirely destroys
the donitril'ying organism,
hut its use in praetiee is not re
commended because ol its expen
siveness. Sulphuric acid Ire
proved very elleetivo. not onlv
preserving the fertilizing const i
tuents. hut increasing the availa
hility ol' tin? nitrogen, hut its gen
oral use can hardly he recom
mended. In addition to the fore
going interesting information
based on results grained in experi
nient station work a United States
department bulletin adds :
' )ne point which has been clearly
brought out by recent investi
gat ion is that the addition of
straw may very decidely reduce
the fertilizing value of manure, the
af SofacDRS.
injurious effect being greater the
larger the amount of straw used.
This is explained by the lacl
stated above that straw contains
organisms which convert the
available nitrogen in manures and
i in the soil into tonus which the
, plant cannot utilize. The excessive
use of straw as litter under
; animals should therefore bo caieI'ully
avoided if the most effective
manure is desired.
Shredding Corn Fodder.
A correspondent, of Country
. (JentIonian oilers these suggos
'lions to beginners in shredding
' fodder : 1. (bit the corn as early
11 as practicable and set it up to
i ! stand well and tie the shocks
-.! w<dl. '2. Let the stalks act dry
enough so that no juice will ap>!
pear when it runs through the
'rolls. .'L l'rovide two or three
i ^
. j platform wagons, about 7 bv 1(?
<>i 10 i*-? i iiim niw as possioie.
>' vvi111 ends 15 feet high, on which
to haul the corn to the machine.
[ Do not attempt to haul on com
mon, narrow, high hay riggings.
4. When the corn is dry and be!
fore fall rains set in, get at it and
rush, rush, until all is husked and
shredded. The cost will exceed
the cost of husking by hand
. | slightly.
I Winter Grain After Potatoes.
, I Wherever the potato crop can
1! be got off in time for seeding with
. fall grain it makes the very best
seed bed, according to American
Cultivator. "No plowing is need.
ed if the weeds have been kept
. down. It is only necessary to
. pile the potato vines in heaps
, and burn them, starting the fire
r in a brush heap,if the potato tops
, are too preen to burn readily. A
preat deal of j lant food is devel.
oped after prowinp a crop of po(
tatoes. It is larpely nitropenous,
as the potato crop is chiefly water
and carbon, with some potash,
which is mostly found in the po1
tato tops.''
Best Time to Sow Kyc.
T;-..i..4.- i L.i i
i unit- i> n-^uiuieu sumewnai i>y
| latitude and elevation above sea
level. Dixie Farmer says: The
warmer the locality, the later it
should be sown. In such localities
early sown rve is liable to be
attaeked by rust. In middle < ieoriria
the first week in September
is a good time. In the northern
! portion of the state it may be
sown in August, and in southern
(ieorjria the 1st of October. For
raisimr seed a half bushel to the
r.ere is sufficient, for pasture or
mowing 1 \ to bushel per acre.
The Autumn Croiis.
! ,,
The lirst <|iies1iou to he con
j sidered is. \Vh:it should he em
braced in ihe li-f of autumn
.crops * I h-re is what Southern
(Cultivator says in reply :
< >;?t> stands lir-t and foremost
in the list, because they can he
sown in every part of the cotton
states irrespective of climate or
! soi 1 and because tliey should con
Utitute the leading grain for work
animals. Next in importance is
i rvo, because it. can be sown also
universally and is beyond comparison
the most reliable crop for
winter grazing and soiling in
early spring. For similar but not
quite so strong reasons we should
'place barley, then wheat, then, in
the more elevated localities and
stronger soils, red clover and the
perennial grasses, and, lastly, the
turnip, more especially the rata
baga.
Ripe Tomatoes lor Christmas.
A correspondent of American
Agriculturist writes: "liefore
frosts come pick all sound, green i
fruit from the vines and carefully
wrap each one separately in a 0
by b inch sheet of white wax pa
per, taking care not to twist it as
I in packing oranges. Spread out
i in a single layer on trays or in
shallow boxes and plyce in par
jtial light im a cellar. To hasten
! ripening they may occasionally)
j be exposed to the sun half an
hour al the time. Once a week i
I
j examine ami pick out the red
ones and those that may decay.
This may he done easily not necessitate
unwrapping. Thus I
have a constant supply of plump,
palatable and beautiful tomatoes
till Christmas usually, with but
trilling expense and trouble.*'
liluru'liing Celery.
The old method of planting
I celery in trenches and blanching
' the stalks bv piling soil around
(thorn is not much practiced now.
Various expedients have been devised
to blanch celery cheaply.
Much the hest we know is to
have the celery planted as nearly
as possible on a level surface.
When the stalks are large enough,
place wide boards against the
celery, holding them from falling
by piling soil against the outside
of the board protection. This
will blanch the stalks and leaves
without causing rust, as soil is
suro to do in a rainv season.?
American Cultivator.
Fall Sown "Wheat.
A big acreage of fall sown
wheat is being planned for by
many farmers. American Agriculturist
says in this connection :
"Wo say don't. Present and prospective
high prices will probably
stimulate an enormous sowing of
wheat this fall and next spring,
not only in the I'nited States,but
throughout the world. .lust this
was done after the high prices of
1 SO 1-2, and it caused a world's
overproduction of wheat which
has just been reduced to normal
proportions by a short, crop in
i?r?tin! fine
I . n?? v a^K l< III I ?\ "I I I I I .1 J L (11 ^ 11,1I
lowing :i reduced yield last sea
'son. Low prices are as likely to I
follow big supplies of wheat next |
| year as during the past few years."!
Measuring the Height ot Trees.
It is a very simple matter to
get the height of a tree when the
>un is shining. It a person f? feet
in height throws a shallow 1 < >
feet. he may he reasonably sure
that a tree With a shadow 1001
feet is ."><) feet high. Any school
I hoy with lite knowledge of uritli
met ieal rules of proportion can
i get the height i>t ji Iron in itii^;
way without ditliculty, according
to Meechan's Monthly.
Keeping ('al)lmi;o.
'1'ho ohl plan o! burying or
j putting cabbage in trenches dur
' inj; winter or for winter use has
become obsolete, and a more simple
and easy plan has been adopted.
American Gardening says:
"Where cabbage is grown on a
large scale for shipping purposes
the best plan is to lift the cabbage
and stack them two tiers
deep and as closely as they can be
placed in an orchard, or wood if
convenient, and cover with leaves
to the depth of two or three inch
es, the leaves to be kept in place
by a slight covering of earth. Ir
this way the heads will keep per
fectly sound all winter, and thev
can be easily taken up as wanted
for shipping.
"For family use cabbages oar
be kept in the same way, only it
will not be necessary to make the
second layer. It is quite iinpor
taut to keep them below, the
freezing point. If has been suggested
to keep them in some con
venient building, but this plan
lias always resulted in failure, a;
| the dry atmosphere is fatal. Cab
I bage must be kept moist and
| cool. The slightest wilting renders
| it unlit for t he table.''
Things That are Told.
It lias been proved that red
.and white clover, orchard, tall
oat, herds and blue grass can be
I ii 111 im- upper J><>l i 11?11 (>i UK
Carolitias, Georgia, Alabama and
; Mississippi as well as limy can In
| in Virginia, where limestone soil*
prevail.
It is reported that the Florida
Fruit Exchange estimates tlu
coining orange crop at between
150,000 and -'00,000 boxes.
The practice of fodder pulling
|is (irmly established in the sou11
and promises to continue for some
time to come.
On (airly good land rye maj
bo relied on for fall and earl}
spring grazing or for cutting am
feeding grain.
THE OHIO SENATOKSHIP.
McLean Not a Candidate?Will
Support Any Good Democrat.
Columbus, ()., Sept. .'10?Join
K. McLean, his nearest friends
declare, is not a candidate for the
United States senate. Mr. Mc
Lean has had a conference witl
the State committee and his
friends say he spoke as follows
i4I am not a candidate for the
United States senate. I am mere
ly a good Democrat, and wish t<
see the Democratic State and leg
islative ticket successful. In the
event tli.it the legislature is Dorn
occrntic I hoped to set> some goof
Democrat elected to represent
this State in the United State}
senate. I believe General A. .1
Warner is a good man for thi?
J place. For this matter, there an
half a dozen men in the State win
are as well known and as able a>
General Warner. I would be
glad to set? any one ol t.liem (dec
ted.
STATF/S O VST Fit HFDS.
Portion of Them Leased for t lie
Coming Twenty Years.
The Slate sinking fund commis
sion yesterday held a meeting
which continued nearly all day.
A great many matters of no public
interest were disposed of, numerous
discharges of property taken
for delinquent taxes being granted
upon the liquidation ol the claims
of the State.
The board considered at some
length the application of Mr. L. C.
[ \M?t t t ? l/?r O '^1 1"" '
.a a v\.s V W IVI II M1/ J UUIO lUi(r>U Ul
the State's oyster beds located in
a branch of Mtirrel's inlet, giving
him the exclusive right to plant
and gather oysters therefrom. After
much discussion and investigation
the board, by a vote of 3
to 2, decided to grant the lease.
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