The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, April 19, 1900, Image 1
TRI WEEKLY EDITICsY WINNSBORO. S.C.. APRIL 19. 1900.ESALHD184
A DAY WE!
If we sit down at set of scn.
And count the things that we have done.
And counttng find
One self-denying act, one word
That eased tha heart of him who heard ;
One glance most kind,
That fell like sunshine where it went.
hnen we may sount the day well spent.
THE SALTINfi OF
A Long-Delay
Mining men, assayers and the i'ke
will de. ide and hoot at you if you
mildly hint to them that theiri is a
very "ro:nan.ic" bu-,iness,with its big
chances pro and con, its lack of cut
:d-driedness, and so on. And they
ay be in the right,for all one knows.
Tut there was one case wherein ro
mance, mining and assaving i:ade a
very homogeneous mi--that of the
great "Esperauza Go d Mines, Lim
ited," in which the principal actors
were Mr. John Simpson, assayer and
ore buyer, and iichard Hadley-Benton,
M. P., rep-e ent ug an English bor
ough and something liite a quarter of
a million pounds sterling, which, on
his sa-:-so, was invested in the "Es
perwiza."
Tl,: thin; had its commencement
many years ago in England, and, as a
matter of coars., is traceable to a
woman. But, strange to sty, this
woman was worthy of having thin :s
happen on her account. She was love
lv Aileen Butler,the Irish beauty, who
took London by storm the very year
that young Du:ican Dudley and his
chum, Hadley-Be_itou, left Oxford.
And with 3iiss Butler both these
young men proceeded to fall violen-ly
in love, upon first sight of her. Th s
in srpite of the fact that far older and
richer men were already at her feet,
and she c.;uld even have married a
rich and goaty o'd duke, had she so
desired. But Miss Butler did not so
desire, and,iu truly Irish fashion,took
o pains to hide her preference for
ley,who was merely the third son
a poverty-stricken Scotch peer, and
as thorough a detrimental as one could
find in a day's travel.
No wonder that the girl's family
swore, stormed and wept, respectively;
even Hadley-Benton, with his ri-h min
ing and broking father, would have
been a more desirabd parti. But, no;
headstrong Miss Butler wou!d have
none of him,none of the nasal Yankee -
-:iilionaire who was h "a wife
old duke. f h~ se would narry
:th povertp-sticken Dunca-n Dudley, p
and no one else. She did not care M
whether he had money, prospects, a sj
profession or not; she loved him, and sI
proposed to marry him. Which, in hi
spite of tears, prayers and profanity, s:
settled the matter. Miss Butler, in hi
spite of her beauty, had a will and a a
mind of her own, and there was no use g
whatever in disputing her. ti
Wherefore reluctant consents were A
won, reluctant blessings were said, 13
the engagement was announced, the hi
marriage was arranged to take place s
within two maonths,and the Hon. Uun- s
c an and his beautiful fiancee were as u
tappy as the day is long. The saying f
that "true love never does run smooth" a
seemed to be disproved in their case, r
perhaps would have remained dis- w
proved but for Mr. Richard Hadley- a
Bentou. I
Hadley-Benton had been Dudley's t
greatest friend, both at Engby and Ux- n
fo:d. They had for years been insep- IA
arab'e, and were known at Oxford as e
Uamon and Pythias. Nothing but a
woman could have come between them, p
and this is just what a w~oman did. 11
For, two days before accepting Dua- f<
ley, Miss Buitler had somewhat con- it
uemptuo'usly refused Hadley-Benton's el
hand and large fortune. For which wV
refusal Hadley-Bentori inconsistently si
.1blamed Dudley, instead of Miss But- a
ler. Erstwhile friendship on his part a
turned to bitter envy and hate, and
the re:ected suitor quietly promi.sed i
himself revenge when the chance a<
came. h
Of all this the Hon. Duncani knew it
niothing and suspected less. He was
busy applying fer and receiving a dip
lomatic under-appointmnent at Paris, g
which would enab!e him to marry and S
ibenceforth support his wife 'in at i
least comparative luxury. That his Ti
D iamon of so many years was now his c
secret enemy he would never have be- t
ieved, their friendship seemed as iL
a rmng as ever, and thme two were quite Iam
at inseparable as of yore, even travel- P
. i g together to Paris when the exi- -I'
gp-neies of Dudley's new appointment
d.einauded the trip. al
And this is where He.dIey-Benton'sm
prayed-for opportunity presented it- p'
self. Fe, while in Paris, secure in ti
hia present happiness and soon-to-be ix
wedded bliss, the Hon. Duncan pro- h;
c:'ededl to indulge himself in a partic -"v
ularly foolish though brief flirtation h
d with a handsome American woman. a!
It ended as suddenly as it began,how- s
ever,for the lady was a little too much v
for even Duncan, who soon beat a 0
rapid and not too dignified retreat f r!
from gay Par-is, still companioned by Ist
his faithful Damon, and the "incident-'c
was by him considered as closed. t
To exul taut Hadley-Benton "inci
dents" were just beginning, however, ai
and within fo ir hours after his return 1]
to London, Miss Br tier and Miss But- i
ler's father knew a!. a'out the Paris- cc
L .dventuress "incident." Hadley-Ben- B
ton had "deemed it his duty" to im- et
part full details, and Miss Butler's s2
father had thanked him for so doing. 5:
A brief interview followed; some in- ID
consequent and rather pitiful excuses t
.wer'e made by Dud:ey, it what excuse f
naa in su -h cases, when offered to a a1
faith ul and single-minded girl? Mr. l
Duncan Dudley's -ing was returned,m
a fe w cold,stinging words were spoken 10i
to hi: by his ex-fiancee. an insult: or fe
o onered by her father, and then tho
L SPENT.
But is through a;i the livelong day
We've ea-,ed no heart by yea or may ;
If through it all
We've nothin.t done that we can trare
That brought the sun"hina to a face ;
No act most snat1
That heliFed some soul and nothing c-st.
Then count tnat day as w")rse than lost.
IE EPERAZA.
ed Revenge.
Eou. Duncan was shown ceremonious
Lv to the door. : dded to all of which,
lie next day bad the hapiness of hear
in that his ex-ehum and present un
:oer, Hadley- }3euton, had again pro
posed to Miss But!cr-this tiihe >uc
;ess nily. The marriage, said the so
eiety papers, would ta:e place within
30 days.
From this time commences the
:lownfall of the Hon. Duncan Dudlec.
Yo man's downfail was ever more ar
tistical!y coon!ete and tinished. He
was at'the bottom of degradation~s
bill, an oitcast and disowned by his
Fainfly, when an old uncle,from whim
be had expected to inherit, sent for
him and offered him his choice -
tween a pistol and traveling expenses
to Australia. Dudley (hose the tr
tling expenses, promising to take the
next steamer,uuder an ass-ined uame,
for Melbourne. Two days later he
purehased instead, uude: the name of
John Simpson, a ticket for Paua aa.
And with that purchase ends the career
of the Hon. Duncan Dudley, so far as
Great Britain is concerned; ends,also,
ur interest in Miss Aileen Butler, who
soon afterward be -awe the unhappy1
and unlaving wife of Mr. Richard
iiadley-Benton --wit'i which latterl
ersouage we have noL yet finished.
1 egarding Mr. John Simpson, sec
:nd-class passenger from Liverpool on
the British South American and Pan
zma S. S. liner Paloma,it would be an
mpossible feat to follow his fortunes
mud misfortunes through the next ten
rears. He had logged on the Amazon,
lug for gold (whichb, like Rachael's
2ildre:, "was not") in the Guianas,
samoled unsuccessfully in Panama,and
t last, in desperation, had drifted to
:he Me iean border. There he had I
;he fortune (or misfortune) to save the
ifs of a Mexicau girl, the ouiy dangh- C
er of a ranchero, who owned ranchos
nd a mine or two in the was ern part
)f Me .ico, just then in proe "ss of de
eloonent by various English and 11
Tl y name, was ra
re ark and chubby, as an
:eican guo Ot en are. Ba she was re
veet, innocent and very faithful, and o
ie let Simpson see that she cared for
1i,and would marry him if he so de- w
red. Strange to say, he did desire; t:
s life had been such that the pure H
id unselfish love of even a Me "ican g.
rl meant much to him, and he swore t
at he would reform, once married to S1
uita. Not that he loved her. Love, se
[r. Simpson had killed with his own re
inds ten years ago and more. But th
>e men cannot live up to much of a N
adard without a goodt womnan's w
alp. Simpson was of this ilk. Where- te
re he married Anita. so mered up in pl
manner that astounded even himsel', at
fused to accept help from his some-e.
hat grumpy lather-in-law, andi found
o-> as assistant assayer in the Me :- N
an mining towvn of Pahm:a Sola, in ic
e very centre of the gold and silver B
ining district whic-h Engiish and pn
merican capital was in proces of vc
b liting. ar
I the courise of time Simpsou's em- mn
oyer died, and Simpson continued tr
o assav ofice on his own account, w
r he had learned the business dur- ra
g his live yents5' apprentice.dhip, and or;
imical knowvledge gained by him es
hue at Oxford a!so sto.,d him in good c-L:
ed. Besides which he hal lear-ned B.
great deal about mices and iiining, p!
id knew whIat was are and wl~hat wa-s in
>r. (Yon may not re-alize it, butt this it
t is a great atta:nment. j lso, in h<
dition to his assay o!iee, lie now d;
ida small ore buying agency anud wan,.
fact. makiug money ha'nd over fist. sv
Anita, though nowv very fat and
ustached. had neverthees proved a hi
>od and faithfni wife and mnother,anud N
mpson's lines had not been cast in- as
e most unfortunate pliaces after all. se
e ha:i totally reformed and lived a E
snteied lif'e, forgetful of his Old es- p
te and old love, straight and honest at
business, devoted to his only child a1:
lt kind to his wife. Few men in iz
alma Sola w'ere m.ore respe--ted than d
>h Simpson, assayer- aad ore buyer. f
Just about this time rutmors got sa
lat in Palmia Sola that somie pr-o- w
oters had at last boomed the '"Es- bE
~ranza" gold prospect near by on t
e London market; that one of theB
ggest mine-broking concerns there m
ad been favorably impressed- so fa- of
>rably impressed, in fac-t, that the ni
ad of the concern, a ye: y rich man
d member of Parliameut, was him
if on the way to make a personal in
stigatiou of the miine. If it "'panned or
it" as represente1, the Englishmen wi
tended to buy it and erect costl w:
amp mills for- working the ore. wvith mn
aniaC plants for treatment of the be
ilings. i
In due time the rich Englishman w
rived. Sitnpson at once r-ecognized n
the puffy. pompous member of Par-- m;
Llent, who rept esen:el the greatest th
Lmbination of mining capital in Great th
rtain, his o'd chama and deadly en- ye
ay, Hadley-Bento-n. Needless to pi
y the latter did not recognize in to
npson, assayer and ore buyer, the C
ncan Dudley of 15 yeai s agone. In thu
is rough, bearded,. sloppy-looking we
sterner, whom lie patronizingly ad- th
essed as '-My good man," Mr. 'al ue
v-Bentou, M.P.. saw n:erel v a human w
acine w bilh would be useful later ae(
assg'~in the "Espeai n&a samples, e
r the mtachi:le was c-onsider-ed the wi
e;nt abie and acenri.e :Ss-ayer in ?a
ir within reach of r mna Sola. And,
iaviug e igaged Simpson to make the
aid se,eral assays, this pompous in
lividual departed for the "Esperanza"
)rospect in peace and content of mind
-in which frame of spirit he did not
eave Mr. Simpson, assayer and ore
)uyer.
That entire night Simpson spent in
ighting phantoms of the past, memo
,ies of his lust and only love,memo' its
)f home and friends, the position and
tappiness which might have been his
>ut for his own folly and his traitor
>us confidant, Hadley-Benton. It
vas a hard night and a hard fight,
)ut Simpson went to his oilice e-ultiug
iext morning withplans fully thought
>ut and arranged. ris cue-ey had at
ast been plac:-d in his power,and M1.
iml)sou p;roposed that thero should
>e a plentiful settling of old scores.
When Mr. Hadley-Benton and his
arge number of carefully sealed sam
)les from the "1speranza" reached
simpson's assay oie~e later that week,
be latter person was entirely and
leferentially at the disposal of the
ordly capitalist, only Simpsou pre
'erred-in fact, stipulated - :aat Had
. y-B'enton hi uself should unseal the
amples, with his own hands, and re
naiu in the assaying olicev,so that the
m ire process,from giiuding the sam
)les down to the weighing of the gold
-esidue, could be carefully witnessed
: 1 overlooked by him. For, as Mr.
adl:y-Benton must realize, assaying
neh valuable ore as tilat of the "Es
>eeaua' was a se. iots matter, partic
tiarly where, a; in the present case,
ne-o were no other assayers to check
gaiust, and one man's results had to
)e accepted.
This was "quite in order,' Mr. Had
ey-Bentoun stated, and with his own
iands he uudid the seals that he had
)aced on the jute sacks containing
is precit.us samples, and watched
)ome pously t:e while Mr. Simpson
heated up his furnaces, deftly ground
ip the sanples,weigheti the pulp care
dlly, and then p.oared it into the cru
ibles containing his gold tinx, first
usisting that the Euglishmau test the
lux itself, t > prove teat it was abso
utely free from gold, so that any pos
iule "salt.ng" a:ght be prevented.
Vith all of this Mr. Hadley-Benton
leared himself content.
The final parting of the silver-gold
)ntto.s.was done with the greatest
>ossible care and slowness. And well
hat it was, for the results given by
ach and every assay were so exceel
ugly high that Mr. Hadlev-ien.on
ailht have been incredulous .had he
ot watened the pro ess froin first to
ast. There were 15 diferent assays
I whi' -. 9d its
; there 4as no discrepancy of
t bTrt, and tlhe total averags gave a
suit in gold of eleven and two-tenths
nces to the ton!
Would the "Espe-auza" pay to
>rk? Mr. Simp.son's results proved
at question very conclusively, and
adley-Benton fairly flew to the tele
aph office, whe. e lie, after mu. h dif
tlty and serious struggles with the
)aui-h tongue and telegraph clerks,
ut a cable;raui to his London di
etois and s:ockhiolders, autuori,.iug
eni to boom the "EIsp)eran1za tGold
ines, Limited," for all they were
>nh, to ship otut at once the con
mplated stamp mnill and cyanide
at (cost one quarter of a mullion)
.d to draw upon him for any and all
tra funds dlesired.
So much for the "Espieranza Gold
ines,Limited," of Loudon and Mex
>, and so mach for poor Mr. Hadiley
atou, M. t'., whose reputation and
iate fortune were alike lost in the
uture. Because, long after the pla2t
I s:amp mill were installed, and
re money than 1 (are to name i re
evably sunk in the "Esperanza," it
s found that the ore of the mine
n, at very Iiighest estimaie. exactly
-tenth of an onnee in gold, or not
en high enough to pay working
arges. Truly "poor- Mr. H-adlecy
mn"for he had taken the sam
s, .watched and approv-ed tuo nmk
g of assays there,i o:n, and he alone
was upon whom the wrath of stock
,iders and directors fell when it was
scovered that the "Esperanza"'
iead failure, not to say tho greae.
indle of modern times.
No one, not e en Hadley-B3entor
nelf, can accont for the matter
> one ever ogered any explanas ns
to how such fabulous results were
cured from utterly worthless ore.
reu the assayer, Mr. John Simpson,
o:esses him self as lost in ama. emneut
the way the ".Esperauza" tutrne
. ^But,of coturse, as everyone real
s and concedes, he had nothing to
with the matter, and cannot there
re be held responsibl'. But, all the
me, Mr. Simpson knows-cven as
Sdo-that a hypodermic sy- inge can
used successfully for more purposes
a one, and, unluckily for- H adley
tou,chloridie of gold is soluble, and
ry be injected through the hieaviest
ute sacking. -San Francisco Argo
The, Wordl Oneecr.
The word queer has a remarkable
gin attributed to it. One nigvht,
ien the performance at Drury Lane
is finished, the celebratei Quin,
tuy of whose jokes are still remie:n
red. ofi'ered to bet a young noble
tu .30.) that next m'orning a word
md be in universal tuse which had
ver been heard before. The no >le
n accepted the wager and left the
eatre. Then Quin summoned all
e "suoers," who happened to be
ry numerous, anld gave each a large
ice of chalk. He told them to go
the leading thoroughfa:-es of Len
n and write at intervals on the flag
e word "Queer." Quin's orders
re faithfully carrie I out, and, on
e following morning, of course,
ople were astonished-the word
in evervbodr' mouth. I he great
frt w.th l;ttie diieicty made his
inm to the nob'eman's ba :k not -
MILLIONS LN CANINES.
TENNESSEE HAS THE FINEST BRED
DOGS IN THE WORLD.
Great Preservcs Kept by 'Moneyed Men
as Winter Training Quarters-Irudivid
ual Value of Dogs as High as 310.000
-World's Greatest Kennel Described.
Tennessee is the' great wintering
state of America for the finest-breJ
sporting dogs of the world. Missis
sippi stands second in the number of
keunels and value of dogs. There
are dogs in Tennessee worth a king's
ransom, and some of them could not
be pui chased for any amo.:nt of
moner trom their millionaire owners.
Tat value of several hundred kennels
in Tenncssee, the dogs and land be
lon:ing to them, has recently been
estinm t d at $i.400,0 0 by Charles
Stanit:ant of Stanton, who is the
trainer and keeper of the iteor e
Gould and Lorrilard dogs. Lnder
the laws of Tennessee a dog has no
property \a ne and no license is neces
sary. \or can damages be enforced
for the accideutal death of a fine dog,
though his value in the fields runs as
thi4h as $10,0J0. The owners and
traincrs are now at work to secure
the passage of a bill to tax all dogs in
Tennessee, thereby giving them a
prope. ty value in the courts.
The greatest kennel in the world is
located at Hickory Valley, under the
peso.tnal management of J. M. Aveut,
who is recognized as the foremnost
trainer and authority in the sporting
world. it is owned by a company of
New York, St. Lonis and Tennessee
fan iers. There are 24,000 acres of
land owined and leased by th:s con
panly. These me.l are rich, for only
len of wealth can keep up snelh a
Preserve. Ar. Avent says that the
section tm')racing southern Tennessee
and nor.ilern Mississippi is th4 na
tural training centre of the world.
There are more quail to be found in
the marsh lands in this section than
ele.there, and game is very neces
sary to dog training. The head train
ers of these big kennel preserves re
ceive as much money for their work
as college president-. The dogs are
pointers and setters of the bluest
blood, and :angein value from $300
to .10, 00 , tnongh but few of - them
reach the ma imam value. 4he"e are
hundre is of bird hunters in- Tennes
see who own their dogs,f:nd these
.private animals ran -e in 4value from
":>0 to $300. It is impossih'e to buy
fi bird pup in Tennessee o .he com
monest origin for less tb 050, and
pri es at-thle '- nel re far in
Next in impoitani
ory 'valley kennels is
kennel at Waverly,
George Crocker estatt
James C. Wad 1ell, the on
expert of the United Stat
charge. of the 400 )-acr
Mr. %ddell establis
sportiL dog kennel a'
in 1s7T, having b
from England, whe
have ion; been a pa, t. o
establishment. From
kenucls sprang all othe mn rican
spoirting kennels nowv in e: ence.
"Dogs have a fixed standard value,"
said 31r. Wazddell, "as firmly es ab
lihed as that placed upon horses or
cattle. In Del Mionte we have some
of the finest dogs in the world. For
Niinnie L., an English se?ter, we paid
$11350, and $1030 each for Bettie B.
and Sam T, For Dick Bay, a pointer,
we paid $1000 and for Dick's Kid
250.0. Dicks Kid is now the head
of our stud and is valued at $10,000
beca-:use we have won som'e valuable
prizes with him at field trials. We
have in our kennels today $60,000
worth of sporting dlogs-that is, they
will bring that much money in the
worst kind of ma-ket. It costs $3000
a vear t) run the kennel, which ex
pl)ainls why it is that only rich men
can a 1ord such a luxury. People who
idu ge in dogs have the money to
Stae, and they get their retu'rns from
the p'easures of the chase. Tue lead
ing Ii .iancie rs and jurists of this coun
try are great lovers of the sport and
ind relaxation in it.
"Fiehi trials are arranged on the
same idea as horse-rocing circuits.
The purposa is to prove t.he superio
ity of the field dog. While there a-c
strict pr inted ruies by which deci
sions are to be made, mu li i left to
tibadiscretion of the judges, s:nce
:ogs develop unexpected points, whic-h
bring them upon their game
ad which have to be taken into con
sideration. From a study of p)re
scribed rules it is necessary to take
into account the action of the dog. I
see two horses exactly alik'e, for in
stance, one of which I pick out as the
better. Why? I cannot tell you
further than that there is some
thing in h:ms ac ions which denotee
quality, and quality counts. It is the
same with dogs--some of which pur
sue beate: p)aths in . finshing game,
while some are so specially gifted that
they go to it without~ circumlocution.
Why, we cannot telf; but we must
taIe note of the fa2t.
"There is in existense the National
Field Trial club of America, whic-h is
re ognized as authority. Then ther-e
re local and state clubs, composed of
the sportsmen of a certain area, who
et together under cer-tain prescribed
rles, each independently, but keep
n touch wvith each other by meeting
ad communication. UTnder their pa
ronage field trials have been organ
zed, and the points therein ascer
ained are accepted as correct. These
ield trials have purses for
erbys, or dogs under 2 years of age,
ad for all ages. Entries must be
ade six months preceding the trial,
with det ai s similar to those which
govern horse r-nees.
"These field trials begin in Mani
oba, where p:rairie chickens a a the
g me, and when I start off my pups
for a three months' schooling, wh'ichi
ives them that much advantage over
those which has been .kept at Lome
The second field trial comes oti is
Minnesota in adjacent territo y
nect in Iowa, Illinois and Indiana
Wh ,n cooler whether comes the trial!
are shifted to Newton, S. C., thenca
to Tennessee and Mississippi, the lasi
one being held at West Point. Thi:
winds up the circuit and the julge
are ready to make up the i ecurds o
the competing dogs. In entering up
on the ci: cuit there stands a pos-ibhi
winning to one dog of over S403 0, bu
this is never reali ed. If a dog shon:
win a majority of the prizes, he stand:
w orth $5000.
"From dogs wor'h $10,00) anu
$5000 there are thousands that ar<
worth anywhere from .:20 to $5'
each. Tho trai er's fee is S16i, s<
any trained dog has to be started of
in a ivanco of that fi ire. The hun
ter would h irdly be sati,ued with om:
which had not won a value of $25
There are millions of dolla's investef
in this kind of property throughou
the 'nited States now, all as a resul
of that single dog kennel of 1871.
"The dog is capable of a trainin.
almost equal to his master. In fact
the dog well trained has the capacit;
to follow his mas'er's mind so a= t<
almost anticipate his desire. It fol
lows, the-ef.re, that a hunter mus
love his dog and establish a muua
confidence which wi!l enable then t<
work as one. A man who w.uid kiel
a dog has no right to own one. If
dog belongs to a (lull man he will b<
dull likewise; if to an alert master
he will come up to his mea=u e.
There is no limit to the training o
which a dog is capable save that o
his master's mind.
QUAINT AND CURIOUS.
Near Newtown, Ohio, live Mr. ant
Mrs. . riah Burdsal. They were botl
born, christened, and wedded o!
Christmas day, are both 91 years o
age, and have Leen married 68 years.
When an Arab widow intends t(
marry again she visits the grave o
her husc,and the night before the nev
marriage is to occur. She takes n itl
her a donkey carrying two goatskin:
of water, which she pours upon thi
grave, after kneeling and praying tha
the departed may not be offended.
A baby (girl) born- lately in one o
thesu barbs of Care Town, Sou-l
Africa, has a distinct mark (strawberr:
co!or) on the right shoulder. Th,
m.urk is the f *itisl
coat-of-arms.
. val outlines,
dug in
inches deep and
and over this is built a
clay, with holes of dIflerent
sizes to receive the va:ious coAki:g
pots. Roasting is done on spits passedIt
through the holes, so that the meat
co nies oat very much smoked unless
great care is taken to have only liv
coals at the bottom of the oveu.'
Tou nmay have your bones broken,
your heart smashed to a pulp an
strong tendons torn, while the skin
remains quite numnure:1. This is
done by large missiles. In the
days of the round cannon ball it
was very common, and even now a
large, smoo h ragmnent of shell may
knock a man over, break his leg and
pass on wvi hout leaving the smalle.st
mark on the skin. When a shell
glides along over the heart, liver,
and stomach or any other internal
organ it bruises and tears it, c insi ig
instant death, but the most poweriul
microscope wou!d not reveal a trace
of damagae to the skin.
Perhaps tihe most curiously assorted
population to be found in any quarter
of the glo 'e is that of the Cocos- teel
ing islands in the Indian ocean, which
is said to have been dis' overed in the
year 1823 by the grandfather of the
present "King." In his annual re
port, jnst issued, Sir C. Mitchell, the
governor of Singapore, says the pres
ent p)opulation is 179, there being a
net increase of three during the year.
H ere is the analysis: 121 Chinese, five
Europeaus, 24 1 hinese carpenters,
sawers and blacksmiths, 14 Banta
mese coolies, sii Malays, three Sikhs,
one Cocos-born woman married to the
Chinese contraator's agent, and two
Javanese domestic women servants.
Uenenit of Cold Weather.
Considerable discomfort attends the
winter season, nevertheless it is a
great brac r of the system. It stimau
ates az:ivit.y in every organ. When
>ld attacks the su face of the body
the blood is set into more free circula
tion as a means of bodily war ath. It
is tL ough the circulation of the blood
that the human anatomy is kept in a
state of repair. When .the food har
been digested and converted into liquid
form it is taken up by the blood and
carried the rounds of the system for
the p)urp)ose of repairing the waste
places. When the cold cauces in
reased cir-culation it also brings about
more perfect nutrition. Man's face
and hahas illustrate how weatherproof
the body becomes w .en exposed to
air. Continued activity in -circulation
on the surface, caused by the air com
ing in conta:t with the skin, tends to
nourish and thicken the skin. Thus
man's skin' grows thicker in winter
just as amnimuals are supplied with a
dlonle coat of fur. The savages who
dwell b,arehea led in he 0; en air are
se (domn, if ever, known to be a lii ted
with bald heads. whi e, with the civi.i.in
who sh elds his scaip'frcom air. baldness
iN7evlnt
SCIENCE ANO INDUSTRY.
Caparies, in the mating season,
seem to vie with each other in the
production of brilliant mtelody, and it
is admitted that the female birds
always select the best singers for their
mates.
A radiometer for measuring the heat
radiation of the stars has t een tested
at the Yerkes obser%atory. The instru
meat is the outcome of the work of
Mr. E. F. Nichols of L artmouth
c liege. With the apparatus so ar
ranged, P. de. ection of . i. millimetre
would be given by a candlo 15 mi.es
distant, neglecting loss by ief.ection
and atmospheric ab-orption. The
results obtained showed that stel,ar
h at radiation was distinctly detecta
ble.
By d'stilling fresh herring and oily
pine wood in an iron retort. and t en
condensing the prolnets in a Lieb:g
condenser, Mr. William C. Day reports.
in the American Chemical Journal,
that he has produced an a.tificial as
1.halt closely resembling the natural
product. This expe iment is regar ed
as confirmatory of the opinion that
asihalt and petroleum are the pro
ducts of a natural distillation by which
the remai s of early forms of animal
and vegetable life have been trans
formed in the heated crust of the
earth.
A w:iter' in Knowledge describ"es a
wonderful sapphire, which led the cel
ebrated Doc or -orby to the discov
ery of the nature of the liquid oine
times found enclosed in the cavities of
crystals. The gem in question con
tained a tube-shaped cavity, a quar
ter of an inch long and an eighteenth
of an inch in diamleter, which was sa
regular in its bore that it served, by
means of the li. uid partially illing it,
for a thermometer. The contained
liquid half filed the bore at (C de
grees Fahrenheit, and cotupletely
filled it at 89 degrees. A study of the
rate of expansion of the liquid led
Dr. Sorby to the conclusion that it
must be carbonic acid.
Human science owes many a debt,
especially on the practical side, to the
in-tinct of the lower animals. One of
these obligat.ons is intimated in a
recent scientific review of the sub ect
of dams. I1ngineers fre uently build
dams straight across streams, the ob
ject being, in some cas.s, to save
expense l,y sparin, material. But the
beaver arches his dam against the cur
nt, and experience has shown that
form of ' ' - i
the great
r Californ a and
ecenily constructed dams
een so made that their stabi Ity
largely del:ends upon the resistance
which their arched form presents.
RUSSIA'S STEEL FINGERS.
Peking Nipped Between the Extremitic
of Two i:ailways.
Alexander Humo Ford has some
Ithing to say~ in tue Century of "T[he
I Mariare oL Railways in Asia." Ruis
sia's use of Central Asia as a batn is
thus al.uded to:
Transens ian and Centr:d Asian
countries are now pretty well covcees
with railroads, constructed or build
ing, and at every town the Russiau
go.vernent has stationed thousands
of C:ossacks and nat.ve soldiers. At
a moae.t's wvarnin'g Russia could
mobilize a vast army, and in a fewv
hours could throw a number of ba -
talious acrbss the Afghan or the Chin
ese frontier. Her intiuence in west
ern China is.para mount, but is Afghan
istan, with all her preparations and
tex:editure of miillons, she can~
thenetrateno farther than the front-.er
of her rail, cads, for it would take as
many men to carry sustenauce through
the barren, roc.ky mountains as there
wouid be fightecs in the army. If
them e is to be war it must be ailong or
within reach of railro::ds and troop
trains. Central Asia Las 1become the
base from which Russia must enter
India and necstern China, and she has
transformed it from an aLode of rob
bers and esave traders to a pirospcr
eus, peaceful, agricultural communxity .
'J.he former ruflians are now dralted
in her army, and are ready to follow
where they arc led.
.iussia's steel fingers do uot cease
for a mnoment to barra-s h:er o'd foe
of the ages, bitt the index reaching
straight across China fro:n Tashikent,
while paralleiing the Anglo-Italian
concession mn the valley of the Te'low
riber, tonuhes other .urol.ean inter
ests. Th.s line has been surveyed for
its entire distance but the exact
route of several hundred miles throumh
the desert of Central China has not
as yet been decided upou defintie;y.
h overthe.ess, its completion w 11 gi'Le
Asia three distinct transcontinental
lines from Paris to the Pacific
Turowing, as it does, one-half of
China under Russian influence, it is
the greatest strategie~ line;, from a
territorni standpoint, that .ussia has
yet advanced. Almost l:arallel from
Peking to Jhashgar-, where the Rus
sian syste:n enis, C hina has recently
completed the ereetion of a te'egrapih
line, and along this route from each
end both conutries expe.2t to L.uild a
railroad. Russia is already exten lingi
one of the many tentacles of hlr
Transcaspian systema to Kash:ar, and
another she is sendin:g up throuigh her
own territory to Omsk, to connect the
Trans-Chinese with the Trans-Sioern
system. It is the Trans-Chinese line
which, like a bent tinger, its knuckle
against Ingland at Sinxgan, tar'us
north to prless ir ::ly with its tip the
city of Pekinz, where the Trans-Sibe
iian system ne-ia's railway :1;umb~
presses down with a 1 i:s weight up.ot
Cih na's capi:al, the two holding it
between them with the grip of a vie.
RICHMOND'S GETSON
A Free Street Fair to Be Given May
14th to 19th.
REPRODUCTION OF DEWEY ARCI.
Fifteen Ban.ds of Music-A Floral Pa
rade-A Wonderful Show - flany
Premiums - Mimic Mardi Gras
Thousands of Visilors-lany Other
Attractions.
During the week, from Monday, May
14th, to Saturday, May tth, R:chmond,
Virginia, will take on an entire new
dress. Broad street; 118 feet wide, is to
be transformed into a World's Fair of
attractions, consisting of manufactur
ers of tobacco, booths for the mer
chants' exhibits, some of the booths to
be built of stone. These will occupy
two miles of streets at both ends, for
which contracts have been let to erect
magnificcnt arches, modeled after The
Dewey arch in New York. These will
be built of artificial stone, and wili give
to housands of people in the South the
first idea of what the Dewey arch is
like. The magnitude of this FreeStreet
Fair, undertaken by the combined Bus- _
iness Associations of Richmond, can be
estima:ed when it Is known that they
are to build an independent electris
light plant to supply the thousands of
lights -necessary to make the night as
bright as day. Fifteen bands, includ
ing the. Stonewall Band of Staunton,
one of the most famous in the South,
and others from different cities o<
North a:d South Carolina, who wil
play continuously .throughout the day'
which will : 'ke it one of the grand
est collection of bands ever assembles
iu this section of the country.
The Floral Parade has been taken
hand by the leading society ladies of
Richmond, whose magnificent carriages
and horses will make one continuous f
arade of flowers, which will take more
than one hour to pass a given.point.
Direct from Br'ooklyn,. N. Y., will
come the great Hagenbeck Animal
Show, combined with the Streets of
Cairo, German Village, and other ort
ental features, to make this Free Street
Fair worth coming hundpeds of miles
to see.
Every railroad will give special rates
to Richmond during 'this Carnival
Week, and at committee headquarters
. oard can be obta d for as
er day, 4nc nd 1
d nbeck Anima3 ShoW.
he Streets of Camro, the Germa 'Vil' +
age, the Cryca r azeatcfi Riding
m Land, all of which will be cowded
nto Carnival Week. The Business
den's Association have arranged for
lardi Gras night, for which artists
rom New Orleans are now building ten
ioats, symbolical of some historical
;ubject, and in. which all the fraternal
rganizations, consist .g of the Elks,
)dd Fellows, Knights cf Pythias, Royal
Tranums, Heptasophs, Red m en,
Woodmen of the World and many oth
ers, are preparing ficats, designed to
llustrate the objects of the various or
lers. Also thousands of Richimond's
~itizens will parade en masque, mid
~orgeous fireworks and the throwing of
~aper Onfetti. From reports this fair
vill be as elaboraste as was that in New A
rieans.
[.: is expected that some five thous
mnd militiamen from the South wil
be prerent .to help psaticipsite in the
mar ny psade.s. A spedial 'fe3ltue 'of the
week -is to be a dinner given be some
> the business men of Richmond by
he managers of the tma'ed asna-l
der at wh6ceh these men willi sit dolwa
to dine wi:th the traine'd wiki an'imala
s:'r.g tet ween eadh- m-n.
Yearly five hidec~d premiums, ,to be
g'iven ewary on diffeDE4nt 'days of 'Min*
vail week, iilding pianos, ol'cith&ngf
four ;and even $10.00. gold pieces, foi
all of s-ic~h everybody In any section
o,f tde co-antry man cocIssit. 'Ire.con
iee are 'very rjavel, and a. premiumi
:ist v1dM 'be scdt by -mail 'free, if yoi
wite a petail 'to the Richmond Car.
2val Association, R~ichmond, Virgin- -
ia. Prepa.mhons ba-ve been- made to end
tertain three hund!red thousand visi"
ors.
Notes.
Half a dozen foneignerm recentl-v ape
peared before Judge Lent, of Westi
chester, N. Y., !bdfng eapliaus -for ua
turalization pa,pers. His Hon'or look,
ed then over .mJd proceeded sto lecture
them sou~ndiy on t&dlr d6:ty appear
e.nce. "CleunHm:ess is one of the most
Impoiar:t qu 'ificati-oin of A'mericaD
ciizene!p," e'afd the Judge, "eand I
.d vise you .to enake generous en dil
use of ecap anid w?Jter."
An a.cetylene towni Mpitie Pfaait'has
been deialled ei -ades5, Yor1ndhe,
Enga. It 'was bul on capltal of -
$3,500. There are two large. genem- -
tors, In which the gas is wasi'ed by
passing tirouga The wabeir. Teh oiMer
has a ca:pacity of 1,000 cubic fet.iAbot
a mile of The mains have thus fla beeni
Ono Er.glish maais 'has.'to work for
his living. The Yaxrqujg- of Norman
by, w!1ho was a clergym.w'hen he suc
ceeded 'to the tI!tle ten years ago,. and
Is now a a.non of Wirdsor,Jfousy. isI
estites a.vi!y encurs,ber ... He Qle
upon turned seoones'ter edoppned 4
a preparxboy setocol forTe s,eo
nobemen urd gcutenen', that has
brogh't h,lm mioney.
In 'San Fraoisco the beard 'of bealth
as creaiteld the pos3tLon of eselstannt
city physic"aa, ..' a salary of $100 3.
month, anid p.t it in the handm.c.Dr.
Beatrice Hinisle. Her duties 'will be.
the cave of .eick wo:r/Ja. aId~ dh.ildrzen -In
the pturoE -imtLtuibions..
Tempenoe :Is mnaking hea'divhg in
Much urJd- 'te G-emmn Mediosl Tota
kstinence Union ancoes t bere
a,tar at 4De.etulenita'' :eepe'"0nlT *
modeat.e age cC beer -wtill -he -ellem"