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TRI WEEKLY EDITICsY WINNSBORO. S.C.. APRIL 19. 1900.ESALHD184 A DAY WE! If we sit down at set of scn. And count the things that we have done. And counttng find One self-denying act, one word That eased tha heart of him who heard ; One glance most kind, That fell like sunshine where it went. hnen we may sount the day well spent. THE SALTINfi OF A Long-Delay Mining men, assayers and the i'ke will de. ide and hoot at you if you mildly hint to them that theiri is a very "ro:nan.ic" bu-,iness,with its big chances pro and con, its lack of cut :d-driedness, and so on. And they ay be in the right,for all one knows. Tut there was one case wherein ro mance, mining and assaving i:ade a very homogeneous mi--that of the great "Esperauza Go d Mines, Lim ited," in which the principal actors were Mr. John Simpson, assayer and ore buyer, and iichard Hadley-Benton, M. P., rep-e ent ug an English bor ough and something liite a quarter of a million pounds sterling, which, on his sa-:-so, was invested in the "Es perwiza." Tl,: thin; had its commencement many years ago in England, and, as a matter of coars., is traceable to a woman. But, strange to sty, this woman was worthy of having thin :s happen on her account. She was love lv Aileen Butler,the Irish beauty, who took London by storm the very year that young Du:ican Dudley and his chum, Hadley-Be_itou, left Oxford. And with 3iiss Butler both these young men proceeded to fall violen-ly in love, upon first sight of her. Th s in srpite of the fact that far older and richer men were already at her feet, and she c.;uld even have married a rich and goaty o'd duke, had she so desired. But Miss Butler did not so desire, and,iu truly Irish fashion,took o pains to hide her preference for ley,who was merely the third son a poverty-stricken Scotch peer, and as thorough a detrimental as one could find in a day's travel. No wonder that the girl's family swore, stormed and wept, respectively; even Hadley-Benton, with his ri-h min ing and broking father, would have been a more desirabd parti. But, no; headstrong Miss Butler wou!d have none of him,none of the nasal Yankee - -:iilionaire who was h "a wife old duke. f h~ se would narry :th povertp-sticken Dunca-n Dudley, p and no one else. She did not care M whether he had money, prospects, a sj profession or not; she loved him, and sI proposed to marry him. Which, in hi spite of tears, prayers and profanity, s: settled the matter. Miss Butler, in hi spite of her beauty, had a will and a a mind of her own, and there was no use g whatever in disputing her. ti Wherefore reluctant consents were A won, reluctant blessings were said, 13 the engagement was announced, the hi marriage was arranged to take place s within two maonths,and the Hon. Uun- s c an and his beautiful fiancee were as u tappy as the day is long. The saying f that "true love never does run smooth" a seemed to be disproved in their case, r perhaps would have remained dis- w proved but for Mr. Richard Hadley- a Bentou. I Hadley-Benton had been Dudley's t greatest friend, both at Engby and Ux- n fo:d. They had for years been insep- IA arab'e, and were known at Oxford as e Uamon and Pythias. Nothing but a woman could have come between them, p and this is just what a w~oman did. 11 For, two days before accepting Dua- f< ley, Miss Buitler had somewhat con- it uemptuo'usly refused Hadley-Benton's el hand and large fortune. For which wV refusal Hadley-Bentori inconsistently si .1blamed Dudley, instead of Miss But- a ler. Erstwhile friendship on his part a turned to bitter envy and hate, and the re:ected suitor quietly promi.sed i himself revenge when the chance a< came. h Of all this the Hon. Duncani knew it niothing and suspected less. He was busy applying fer and receiving a dip lomatic under-appointmnent at Paris, g which would enab!e him to marry and S ibenceforth support his wife 'in at i least comparative luxury. That his Ti D iamon of so many years was now his c secret enemy he would never have be- t ieved, their friendship seemed as iL a rmng as ever, and thme two were quite Iam at inseparable as of yore, even travel- P . i g together to Paris when the exi- -I' gp-neies of Dudley's new appointment d.einauded the trip. al And this is where He.dIey-Benton'sm prayed-for opportunity presented it- p' self. Fe, while in Paris, secure in ti hia present happiness and soon-to-be ix wedded bliss, the Hon. Duncan pro- h; c:'ededl to indulge himself in a partic -"v ularly foolish though brief flirtation h d with a handsome American woman. a! It ended as suddenly as it began,how- s ever,for the lady was a little too much v for even Duncan, who soon beat a 0 rapid and not too dignified retreat f r! from gay Par-is, still companioned by Ist his faithful Damon, and the "incident-'c was by him considered as closed. t To exul taut Hadley-Benton "inci dents" were just beginning, however, ai and within fo ir hours after his return 1] to London, Miss Br tier and Miss But- i ler's father knew a!. a'out the Paris- cc L .dventuress "incident." Hadley-Ben- B ton had "deemed it his duty" to im- et part full details, and Miss Butler's s2 father had thanked him for so doing. 5: A brief interview followed; some in- ID consequent and rather pitiful excuses t .wer'e made by Dud:ey, it what excuse f naa in su -h cases, when offered to a a1 faith ul and single-minded girl? Mr. l Duncan Dudley's -ing was returned,m a fe w cold,stinging words were spoken 10i to hi: by his ex-fiancee. an insult: or fe o onered by her father, and then tho L SPENT. But is through a;i the livelong day We've ea-,ed no heart by yea or may ; If through it all We've nothin.t done that we can trare That brought the sun"hina to a face ; No act most snat1 That heliFed some soul and nothing c-st. Then count tnat day as w")rse than lost. IE EPERAZA. ed Revenge. Eou. Duncan was shown ceremonious Lv to the door. : dded to all of which, lie next day bad the hapiness of hear in that his ex-ehum and present un :oer, Hadley- }3euton, had again pro posed to Miss But!cr-this tiihe >uc ;ess nily. The marriage, said the so eiety papers, would ta:e place within 30 days. From this time commences the :lownfall of the Hon. Duncan Dudlec. Yo man's downfail was ever more ar tistical!y coon!ete and tinished. He was at'the bottom of degradation~s bill, an oitcast and disowned by his Fainfly, when an old uncle,from whim be had expected to inherit, sent for him and offered him his choice - tween a pistol and traveling expenses to Australia. Dudley (hose the tr tling expenses, promising to take the next steamer,uuder an ass-ined uame, for Melbourne. Two days later he purehased instead, uude: the name of John Simpson, a ticket for Paua aa. And with that purchase ends the career of the Hon. Duncan Dudley, so far as Great Britain is concerned; ends,also, ur interest in Miss Aileen Butler, who soon afterward be -awe the unhappy1 and unlaving wife of Mr. Richard iiadley-Benton --wit'i which latterl ersouage we have noL yet finished. 1 egarding Mr. John Simpson, sec :nd-class passenger from Liverpool on the British South American and Pan zma S. S. liner Paloma,it would be an mpossible feat to follow his fortunes mud misfortunes through the next ten rears. He had logged on the Amazon, lug for gold (whichb, like Rachael's 2ildre:, "was not") in the Guianas, samoled unsuccessfully in Panama,and t last, in desperation, had drifted to :he Me iean border. There he had I ;he fortune (or misfortune) to save the ifs of a Mexicau girl, the ouiy dangh- C er of a ranchero, who owned ranchos nd a mine or two in the was ern part )f Me .ico, just then in proe "ss of de eloonent by various English and 11 Tl y name, was ra re ark and chubby, as an :eican guo Ot en are. Ba she was re veet, innocent and very faithful, and o ie let Simpson see that she cared for 1i,and would marry him if he so de- w red. Strange to say, he did desire; t: s life had been such that the pure H id unselfish love of even a Me "ican g. rl meant much to him, and he swore t at he would reform, once married to S1 uita. Not that he loved her. Love, se [r. Simpson had killed with his own re inds ten years ago and more. But th >e men cannot live up to much of a N adard without a goodt womnan's w alp. Simpson was of this ilk. Where- te re he married Anita. so mered up in pl manner that astounded even himsel', at fused to accept help from his some-e. hat grumpy lather-in-law, andi found o-> as assistant assayer in the Me :- N an mining towvn of Pahm:a Sola, in ic e very centre of the gold and silver B ining district whic-h Engiish and pn merican capital was in proces of vc b liting. ar I the courise of time Simpsou's em- mn oyer died, and Simpson continued tr o assav ofice on his own account, w r he had learned the business dur- ra g his live yents5' apprentice.dhip, and or; imical knowvledge gained by him es hue at Oxford a!so sto.,d him in good c-L: ed. Besides which he hal lear-ned B. great deal about mices and iiining, p! id knew whIat was are and wl~hat wa-s in >r. (Yon may not re-alize it, butt this it t is a great atta:nment. j lso, in h< dition to his assay o!iee, lie now d; ida small ore buying agency anud wan,. fact. makiug money ha'nd over fist. sv Anita, though nowv very fat and ustached. had neverthees proved a hi >od and faithfni wife and mnother,anud N mpson's lines had not been cast in- as e most unfortunate pliaces after all. se e ha:i totally reformed and lived a E snteied lif'e, forgetful of his Old es- p te and old love, straight and honest at business, devoted to his only child a1: lt kind to his wife. Few men in iz alma Sola w'ere m.ore respe--ted than d >h Simpson, assayer- aad ore buyer. f Just about this time rutmors got sa lat in Palmia Sola that somie pr-o- w oters had at last boomed the '"Es- bE ~ranza" gold prospect near by on t e London market; that one of theB ggest mine-broking concerns there m ad been favorably impressed- so fa- of >rably impressed, in fac-t, that the ni ad of the concern, a ye: y rich man d member of Parliameut, was him if on the way to make a personal in stigatiou of the miine. If it "'panned or it" as represente1, the Englishmen wi tended to buy it and erect costl w: amp mills for- working the ore. wvith mn aniaC plants for treatment of the be ilings. i In due time the rich Englishman w rived. Sitnpson at once r-ecognized n the puffy. pompous member of Par-- m; Llent, who rept esen:el the greatest th Lmbination of mining capital in Great th rtain, his o'd chama and deadly en- ye ay, Hadley-Bento-n. Needless to pi y the latter did not recognize in to npson, assayer and ore buyer, the C ncan Dudley of 15 yeai s agone. In thu is rough, bearded,. sloppy-looking we sterner, whom lie patronizingly ad- th essed as '-My good man," Mr. 'al ue v-Bentou, M.P.. saw n:erel v a human w acine w bilh would be useful later ae( assg'~in the "Espeai n&a samples, e r the mtachi:le was c-onsider-ed the wi e;nt abie and acenri.e :Ss-ayer in ?a ir within reach of r mna Sola. And, iaviug e igaged Simpson to make the aid se,eral assays, this pompous in lividual departed for the "Esperanza" )rospect in peace and content of mind -in which frame of spirit he did not eave Mr. Simpson, assayer and ore )uyer. That entire night Simpson spent in ighting phantoms of the past, memo ,ies of his lust and only love,memo' its )f home and friends, the position and tappiness which might have been his >ut for his own folly and his traitor >us confidant, Hadley-Benton. It vas a hard night and a hard fight, )ut Simpson went to his oilice e-ultiug iext morning withplans fully thought >ut and arranged. ris cue-ey had at ast been plac:-d in his power,and M1. iml)sou p;roposed that thero should >e a plentiful settling of old scores. When Mr. Hadley-Benton and his arge number of carefully sealed sam )les from the "1speranza" reached simpson's assay oie~e later that week, be latter person was entirely and leferentially at the disposal of the ordly capitalist, only Simpsou pre 'erred-in fact, stipulated - :aat Had . y-B'enton hi uself should unseal the amples, with his own hands, and re naiu in the assaying olicev,so that the m ire process,from giiuding the sam )les down to the weighing of the gold -esidue, could be carefully witnessed : 1 overlooked by him. For, as Mr. adl:y-Benton must realize, assaying neh valuable ore as tilat of the "Es >eeaua' was a se. iots matter, partic tiarly where, a; in the present case, ne-o were no other assayers to check gaiust, and one man's results had to )e accepted. This was "quite in order,' Mr. Had ey-Bentoun stated, and with his own iands he uudid the seals that he had )aced on the jute sacks containing is precit.us samples, and watched )ome pously t:e while Mr. Simpson heated up his furnaces, deftly ground ip the sanples,weigheti the pulp care dlly, and then p.oared it into the cru ibles containing his gold tinx, first usisting that the Euglishmau test the lux itself, t > prove teat it was abso utely free from gold, so that any pos iule "salt.ng" a:ght be prevented. Vith all of this Mr. Hadley-Benton leared himself content. The final parting of the silver-gold )ntto.s.was done with the greatest >ossible care and slowness. And well hat it was, for the results given by ach and every assay were so exceel ugly high that Mr. Hadlev-ien.on ailht have been incredulous .had he ot watened the pro ess froin first to ast. There were 15 diferent assays I whi' -. 9d its ; there 4as no discrepancy of t bTrt, and tlhe total averags gave a suit in gold of eleven and two-tenths nces to the ton! Would the "Espe-auza" pay to >rk? Mr. Simp.son's results proved at question very conclusively, and adley-Benton fairly flew to the tele aph office, whe. e lie, after mu. h dif tlty and serious struggles with the )aui-h tongue and telegraph clerks, ut a cable;raui to his London di etois and s:ockhiolders, autuori,.iug eni to boom the "EIsp)eran1za tGold ines, Limited," for all they were >nh, to ship otut at once the con mplated stamp mnill and cyanide at (cost one quarter of a mullion) .d to draw upon him for any and all tra funds dlesired. So much for the "Espieranza Gold ines,Limited," of Loudon and Mex >, and so mach for poor Mr. Hadiley atou, M. t'., whose reputation and iate fortune were alike lost in the uture. Because, long after the pla2t I s:amp mill were installed, and re money than 1 (are to name i re evably sunk in the "Esperanza," it s found that the ore of the mine n, at very Iiighest estimaie. exactly -tenth of an onnee in gold, or not en high enough to pay working arges. Truly "poor- Mr. H-adlecy mn"for he had taken the sam s, .watched and approv-ed tuo nmk g of assays there,i o:n, and he alone was upon whom the wrath of stock ,iders and directors fell when it was scovered that the "Esperanza"' iead failure, not to say tho greae. indle of modern times. No one, not e en Hadley-B3entor nelf, can accont for the matter > one ever ogered any explanas ns to how such fabulous results were cured from utterly worthless ore. reu the assayer, Mr. John Simpson, o:esses him self as lost in ama. emneut the way the ".Esperauza" tutrne . ^But,of coturse, as everyone real s and concedes, he had nothing to with the matter, and cannot there re be held responsibl'. But, all the me, Mr. Simpson knows-cven as Sdo-that a hypodermic sy- inge can used successfully for more purposes a one, and, unluckily for- H adley tou,chloridie of gold is soluble, and ry be injected through the hieaviest ute sacking. -San Francisco Argo The, Wordl Oneecr. The word queer has a remarkable gin attributed to it. One nigvht, ien the performance at Drury Lane is finished, the celebratei Quin, tuy of whose jokes are still remie:n red. ofi'ered to bet a young noble tu .30.) that next m'orning a word md be in universal tuse which had ver been heard before. The no >le n accepted the wager and left the eatre. Then Quin summoned all e "suoers," who happened to be ry numerous, anld gave each a large ice of chalk. He told them to go the leading thoroughfa:-es of Len n and write at intervals on the flag e word "Queer." Quin's orders re faithfully carrie I out, and, on e following morning, of course, ople were astonished-the word in evervbodr' mouth. I he great frt w.th l;ttie diieicty made his inm to the nob'eman's ba :k not - MILLIONS LN CANINES. TENNESSEE HAS THE FINEST BRED DOGS IN THE WORLD. Great Preservcs Kept by 'Moneyed Men as Winter Training Quarters-Irudivid ual Value of Dogs as High as 310.000 -World's Greatest Kennel Described. Tennessee is the' great wintering state of America for the finest-breJ sporting dogs of the world. Missis sippi stands second in the number of keunels and value of dogs. There are dogs in Tennessee worth a king's ransom, and some of them could not be pui chased for any amo.:nt of moner trom their millionaire owners. Tat value of several hundred kennels in Tenncssee, the dogs and land be lon:ing to them, has recently been estinm t d at $i.400,0 0 by Charles Stanit:ant of Stanton, who is the trainer and keeper of the iteor e Gould and Lorrilard dogs. Lnder the laws of Tennessee a dog has no property \a ne and no license is neces sary. \or can damages be enforced for the accideutal death of a fine dog, though his value in the fields runs as thi4h as $10,0J0. The owners and traincrs are now at work to secure the passage of a bill to tax all dogs in Tennessee, thereby giving them a prope. ty value in the courts. The greatest kennel in the world is located at Hickory Valley, under the peso.tnal management of J. M. Aveut, who is recognized as the foremnost trainer and authority in the sporting world. it is owned by a company of New York, St. Lonis and Tennessee fan iers. There are 24,000 acres of land owined and leased by th:s con panly. These me.l are rich, for only len of wealth can keep up snelh a Preserve. Ar. Avent says that the section tm')racing southern Tennessee and nor.ilern Mississippi is th4 na tural training centre of the world. There are more quail to be found in the marsh lands in this section than ele.there, and game is very neces sary to dog training. The head train ers of these big kennel preserves re ceive as much money for their work as college president-. The dogs are pointers and setters of the bluest blood, and :angein value from $300 to .10, 00 , tnongh but few of - them reach the ma imam value. 4he"e are hundre is of bird hunters in- Tennes see who own their dogs,f:nd these .private animals ran -e in 4value from ":>0 to $300. It is impossih'e to buy fi bird pup in Tennessee o .he com monest origin for less tb 050, and pri es at-thle '- nel re far in Next in impoitani ory 'valley kennels is kennel at Waverly, George Crocker estatt James C. Wad 1ell, the on expert of the United Stat charge. of the 400 )-acr Mr. %ddell establis sportiL dog kennel a' in 1s7T, having b from England, whe have ion; been a pa, t. o establishment. From kenucls sprang all othe mn rican spoirting kennels nowv in e: ence. "Dogs have a fixed standard value," said 31r. Wazddell, "as firmly es ab lihed as that placed upon horses or cattle. In Del Mionte we have some of the finest dogs in the world. For Niinnie L., an English se?ter, we paid $11350, and $1030 each for Bettie B. and Sam T, For Dick Bay, a pointer, we paid $1000 and for Dick's Kid 250.0. Dicks Kid is now the head of our stud and is valued at $10,000 beca-:use we have won som'e valuable prizes with him at field trials. We have in our kennels today $60,000 worth of sporting dlogs-that is, they will bring that much money in the worst kind of ma-ket. It costs $3000 a vear t) run the kennel, which ex pl)ainls why it is that only rich men can a 1ord such a luxury. People who idu ge in dogs have the money to Stae, and they get their retu'rns from the p'easures of the chase. Tue lead ing Ii .iancie rs and jurists of this coun try are great lovers of the sport and ind relaxation in it. "Fiehi trials are arranged on the same idea as horse-rocing circuits. The purposa is to prove t.he superio ity of the field dog. While there a-c strict pr inted ruies by which deci sions are to be made, mu li i left to tibadiscretion of the judges, s:nce :ogs develop unexpected points, whic-h bring them upon their game ad which have to be taken into con sideration. From a study of p)re scribed rules it is necessary to take into account the action of the dog. I see two horses exactly alik'e, for in stance, one of which I pick out as the better. Why? I cannot tell you further than that there is some thing in h:ms ac ions which denotee quality, and quality counts. It is the same with dogs--some of which pur sue beate: p)aths in . finshing game, while some are so specially gifted that they go to it without~ circumlocution. Why, we cannot telf; but we must taIe note of the fa2t. "There is in existense the National Field Trial club of America, whic-h is re ognized as authority. Then ther-e re local and state clubs, composed of the sportsmen of a certain area, who et together under cer-tain prescribed rles, each independently, but keep n touch wvith each other by meeting ad communication. UTnder their pa ronage field trials have been organ zed, and the points therein ascer ained are accepted as correct. These ield trials have purses for erbys, or dogs under 2 years of age, ad for all ages. Entries must be ade six months preceding the trial, with det ai s similar to those which govern horse r-nees. "These field trials begin in Mani oba, where p:rairie chickens a a the g me, and when I start off my pups for a three months' schooling, wh'ichi ives them that much advantage over those which has been .kept at Lome The second field trial comes oti is Minnesota in adjacent territo y nect in Iowa, Illinois and Indiana Wh ,n cooler whether comes the trial! are shifted to Newton, S. C., thenca to Tennessee and Mississippi, the lasi one being held at West Point. Thi: winds up the circuit and the julge are ready to make up the i ecurds o the competing dogs. In entering up on the ci: cuit there stands a pos-ibhi winning to one dog of over S403 0, bu this is never reali ed. If a dog shon: win a majority of the prizes, he stand: w orth $5000. "From dogs wor'h $10,00) anu $5000 there are thousands that ar< worth anywhere from .:20 to $5' each. Tho trai er's fee is S16i, s< any trained dog has to be started of in a ivanco of that fi ire. The hun ter would h irdly be sati,ued with om: which had not won a value of $25 There are millions of dolla's investef in this kind of property throughou the 'nited States now, all as a resul of that single dog kennel of 1871. "The dog is capable of a trainin. almost equal to his master. In fact the dog well trained has the capacit; to follow his mas'er's mind so a= t< almost anticipate his desire. It fol lows, the-ef.re, that a hunter mus love his dog and establish a muua confidence which wi!l enable then t< work as one. A man who w.uid kiel a dog has no right to own one. If dog belongs to a (lull man he will b< dull likewise; if to an alert master he will come up to his mea=u e. There is no limit to the training o which a dog is capable save that o his master's mind. QUAINT AND CURIOUS. Near Newtown, Ohio, live Mr. ant Mrs. . riah Burdsal. They were botl born, christened, and wedded o! Christmas day, are both 91 years o age, and have Leen married 68 years. When an Arab widow intends t( marry again she visits the grave o her husc,and the night before the nev marriage is to occur. She takes n itl her a donkey carrying two goatskin: of water, which she pours upon thi grave, after kneeling and praying tha the departed may not be offended. A baby (girl) born- lately in one o thesu barbs of Care Town, Sou-l Africa, has a distinct mark (strawberr: co!or) on the right shoulder. Th, m.urk is the f *itisl coat-of-arms. . val outlines, dug in inches deep and and over this is built a clay, with holes of dIflerent sizes to receive the va:ious coAki:g pots. Roasting is done on spits passedIt through the holes, so that the meat co nies oat very much smoked unless great care is taken to have only liv coals at the bottom of the oveu.' Tou nmay have your bones broken, your heart smashed to a pulp an strong tendons torn, while the skin remains quite numnure:1. This is done by large missiles. In the days of the round cannon ball it was very common, and even now a large, smoo h ragmnent of shell may knock a man over, break his leg and pass on wvi hout leaving the smalle.st mark on the skin. When a shell glides along over the heart, liver, and stomach or any other internal organ it bruises and tears it, c insi ig instant death, but the most poweriul microscope wou!d not reveal a trace of damagae to the skin. Perhaps tihe most curiously assorted population to be found in any quarter of the glo 'e is that of the Cocos- teel ing islands in the Indian ocean, which is said to have been dis' overed in the year 1823 by the grandfather of the present "King." In his annual re port, jnst issued, Sir C. Mitchell, the governor of Singapore, says the pres ent p)opulation is 179, there being a net increase of three during the year. H ere is the analysis: 121 Chinese, five Europeaus, 24 1 hinese carpenters, sawers and blacksmiths, 14 Banta mese coolies, sii Malays, three Sikhs, one Cocos-born woman married to the Chinese contraator's agent, and two Javanese domestic women servants. Uenenit of Cold Weather. Considerable discomfort attends the winter season, nevertheless it is a great brac r of the system. It stimau ates az:ivit.y in every organ. When >ld attacks the su face of the body the blood is set into more free circula tion as a means of bodily war ath. It is tL ough the circulation of the blood that the human anatomy is kept in a state of repair. When .the food har been digested and converted into liquid form it is taken up by the blood and carried the rounds of the system for the p)urp)ose of repairing the waste places. When the cold cauces in reased cir-culation it also brings about more perfect nutrition. Man's face and hahas illustrate how weatherproof the body becomes w .en exposed to air. Continued activity in -circulation on the surface, caused by the air com ing in conta:t with the skin, tends to nourish and thicken the skin. Thus man's skin' grows thicker in winter just as amnimuals are supplied with a dlonle coat of fur. The savages who dwell b,arehea led in he 0; en air are se (domn, if ever, known to be a lii ted with bald heads. whi e, with the civi.i.in who sh elds his scaip'frcom air. baldness iN7evlnt SCIENCE ANO INDUSTRY. Caparies, in the mating season, seem to vie with each other in the production of brilliant mtelody, and it is admitted that the female birds always select the best singers for their mates. A radiometer for measuring the heat radiation of the stars has t een tested at the Yerkes obser%atory. The instru meat is the outcome of the work of Mr. E. F. Nichols of L artmouth c liege. With the apparatus so ar ranged, P. de. ection of . i. millimetre would be given by a candlo 15 mi.es distant, neglecting loss by ief.ection and atmospheric ab-orption. The results obtained showed that stel,ar h at radiation was distinctly detecta ble. By d'stilling fresh herring and oily pine wood in an iron retort. and t en condensing the prolnets in a Lieb:g condenser, Mr. William C. Day reports. in the American Chemical Journal, that he has produced an a.tificial as 1.halt closely resembling the natural product. This expe iment is regar ed as confirmatory of the opinion that asihalt and petroleum are the pro ducts of a natural distillation by which the remai s of early forms of animal and vegetable life have been trans formed in the heated crust of the earth. A w:iter' in Knowledge describ"es a wonderful sapphire, which led the cel ebrated Doc or -orby to the discov ery of the nature of the liquid oine times found enclosed in the cavities of crystals. The gem in question con tained a tube-shaped cavity, a quar ter of an inch long and an eighteenth of an inch in diamleter, which was sa regular in its bore that it served, by means of the li. uid partially illing it, for a thermometer. The contained liquid half filed the bore at (C de grees Fahrenheit, and cotupletely filled it at 89 degrees. A study of the rate of expansion of the liquid led Dr. Sorby to the conclusion that it must be carbonic acid. Human science owes many a debt, especially on the practical side, to the in-tinct of the lower animals. One of these obligat.ons is intimated in a recent scientific review of the sub ect of dams. I1ngineers fre uently build dams straight across streams, the ob ject being, in some cas.s, to save expense l,y sparin, material. But the beaver arches his dam against the cur nt, and experience has shown that form of ' ' - i the great r Californ a and ecenily constructed dams een so made that their stabi Ity largely del:ends upon the resistance which their arched form presents. RUSSIA'S STEEL FINGERS. Peking Nipped Between the Extremitic of Two i:ailways. Alexander Humo Ford has some Ithing to say~ in tue Century of "T[he I Mariare oL Railways in Asia." Ruis sia's use of Central Asia as a batn is thus al.uded to: Transens ian and Centr:d Asian countries are now pretty well covcees with railroads, constructed or build ing, and at every town the Russiau go.vernent has stationed thousands of C:ossacks and nat.ve soldiers. At a moae.t's wvarnin'g Russia could mobilize a vast army, and in a fewv hours could throw a number of ba - talious acrbss the Afghan or the Chin ese frontier. Her intiuence in west ern China is.para mount, but is Afghan istan, with all her preparations and tex:editure of miillons, she can~ thenetrateno farther than the front-.er of her rail, cads, for it would take as many men to carry sustenauce through the barren, roc.ky mountains as there wouid be fightecs in the army. If them e is to be war it must be ailong or within reach of railro::ds and troop trains. Central Asia Las 1become the base from which Russia must enter India and necstern China, and she has transformed it from an aLode of rob bers and esave traders to a pirospcr eus, peaceful, agricultural communxity . 'J.he former ruflians are now dralted in her army, and are ready to follow where they arc led. .iussia's steel fingers do uot cease for a mnoment to barra-s h:er o'd foe of the ages, bitt the index reaching straight across China fro:n Tashikent, while paralleiing the Anglo-Italian concession mn the valley of the Te'low riber, tonuhes other .urol.ean inter ests. Th.s line has been surveyed for its entire distance but the exact route of several hundred miles throumh the desert of Central China has not as yet been decided upou defintie;y. h overthe.ess, its completion w 11 gi'Le Asia three distinct transcontinental lines from Paris to the Pacific Turowing, as it does, one-half of China under Russian influence, it is the greatest strategie~ line;, from a territorni standpoint, that .ussia has yet advanced. Almost l:arallel from Peking to Jhashgar-, where the Rus sian syste:n enis, C hina has recently completed the ereetion of a te'egrapih line, and along this route from each end both conutries expe.2t to L.uild a railroad. Russia is already exten lingi one of the many tentacles of hlr Transcaspian systema to Kash:ar, and another she is sendin:g up throuigh her own territory to Omsk, to connect the Trans-Chinese with the Trans-Sioern system. It is the Trans-Chinese line which, like a bent tinger, its knuckle against Ingland at Sinxgan, tar'us north to prless ir ::ly with its tip the city of Pekinz, where the Trans-Sibe iian system ne-ia's railway :1;umb~ presses down with a 1 i:s weight up.ot Cih na's capi:al, the two holding it between them with the grip of a vie. RICHMOND'S GETSON A Free Street Fair to Be Given May 14th to 19th. REPRODUCTION OF DEWEY ARCI. Fifteen Ban.ds of Music-A Floral Pa rade-A Wonderful Show - flany Premiums - Mimic Mardi Gras Thousands of Visilors-lany Other Attractions. During the week, from Monday, May 14th, to Saturday, May tth, R:chmond, Virginia, will take on an entire new dress. Broad street; 118 feet wide, is to be transformed into a World's Fair of attractions, consisting of manufactur ers of tobacco, booths for the mer chants' exhibits, some of the booths to be built of stone. These will occupy two miles of streets at both ends, for which contracts have been let to erect magnificcnt arches, modeled after The Dewey arch in New York. These will be built of artificial stone, and wili give to housands of people in the South the first idea of what the Dewey arch is like. The magnitude of this FreeStreet Fair, undertaken by the combined Bus- _ iness Associations of Richmond, can be estima:ed when it Is known that they are to build an independent electris light plant to supply the thousands of lights -necessary to make the night as bright as day. Fifteen bands, includ ing the. Stonewall Band of Staunton, one of the most famous in the South, and others from different cities o< North a:d South Carolina, who wil play continuously .throughout the day' which will : 'ke it one of the grand est collection of bands ever assembles iu this section of the country. The Floral Parade has been taken hand by the leading society ladies of Richmond, whose magnificent carriages and horses will make one continuous f arade of flowers, which will take more than one hour to pass a given.point. Direct from Br'ooklyn,. N. Y., will come the great Hagenbeck Animal Show, combined with the Streets of Cairo, German Village, and other ort ental features, to make this Free Street Fair worth coming hundpeds of miles to see. Every railroad will give special rates to Richmond during 'this Carnival Week, and at committee headquarters . oard can be obta d for as er day, 4nc nd 1 d nbeck Anima3 ShoW. he Streets of Camro, the Germa 'Vil' + age, the Cryca r azeatcfi Riding m Land, all of which will be cowded nto Carnival Week. The Business den's Association have arranged for lardi Gras night, for which artists rom New Orleans are now building ten ioats, symbolical of some historical ;ubject, and in. which all the fraternal rganizations, consist .g of the Elks, )dd Fellows, Knights cf Pythias, Royal Tranums, Heptasophs, Red m en, Woodmen of the World and many oth ers, are preparing ficats, designed to llustrate the objects of the various or lers. Also thousands of Richimond's ~itizens will parade en masque, mid ~orgeous fireworks and the throwing of ~aper Onfetti. From reports this fair vill be as elaboraste as was that in New A rieans. [.: is expected that some five thous mnd militiamen from the South wil be prerent .to help psaticipsite in the mar ny psade.s. A spedial 'fe3ltue 'of the week -is to be a dinner given be some > the business men of Richmond by he managers of the tma'ed asna-l der at wh6ceh these men willi sit dolwa to dine wi:th the traine'd wiki an'imala s:'r.g tet ween eadh- m-n. Yearly five hidec~d premiums, ,to be g'iven ewary on diffeDE4nt 'days of 'Min* vail week, iilding pianos, ol'cith&ngf four ;and even $10.00. gold pieces, foi all of s-ic~h everybody In any section o,f tde co-antry man cocIssit. 'Ire.con iee are 'very rjavel, and a. premiumi :ist v1dM 'be scdt by -mail 'free, if yoi wite a petail 'to the Richmond Car. 2val Association, R~ichmond, Virgin- - ia. Prepa.mhons ba-ve been- made to end tertain three hund!red thousand visi" ors. Notes. Half a dozen foneignerm recentl-v ape peared before Judge Lent, of Westi chester, N. Y., !bdfng eapliaus -for ua turalization pa,pers. His Hon'or look, ed then over .mJd proceeded sto lecture them sou~ndiy on t&dlr d6:ty appear e.nce. "CleunHm:ess is one of the most Impoiar:t qu 'ificati-oin of A'mericaD ciizene!p," e'afd the Judge, "eand I .d vise you .to enake generous en dil use of ecap anid w?Jter." An a.cetylene towni Mpitie Pfaait'has been deialled ei -ades5, Yor1ndhe, Enga. It 'was bul on capltal of - $3,500. There are two large. genem- - tors, In which the gas is wasi'ed by passing tirouga The wabeir. Teh oiMer has a ca:pacity of 1,000 cubic fet.iAbot a mile of The mains have thus fla beeni Ono Er.glish maais 'has.'to work for his living. The Yaxrqujg- of Norman by, w!1ho was a clergym.w'hen he suc ceeded 'to the tI!tle ten years ago,. and Is now a a.non of Wirdsor,Jfousy. isI estites a.vi!y encurs,ber ... He Qle upon turned seoones'ter edoppned 4 a preparxboy setocol forTe s,eo nobemen urd gcutenen', that has brogh't h,lm mioney. In 'San Fraoisco the beard 'of bealth as creaiteld the pos3tLon of eselstannt city physic"aa, ..' a salary of $100 3. month, anid p.t it in the handm.c.Dr. Beatrice Hinisle. Her duties 'will be. the cave of .eick wo:r/Ja. aId~ dh.ildrzen -In the pturoE -imtLtuibions.. Tempenoe :Is mnaking hea'divhg in Much urJd- 'te G-emmn Mediosl Tota kstinence Union ancoes t bere a,tar at 4De.etulenita'' :eepe'"0nlT * modeat.e age cC beer -wtill -he -ellem"