The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, October 31, 1899, Image 1
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TRI WEEKLY EDITIOY WINNSBORO, S.C., OCTOBER 31, 1899. ESTABLISHED 1844.
Mo LIFE ABOARD
Ta* J touin on }\dmiral I
Bugle's Fe\eillh
JACK AT WORK
NEW YoRK CrrY (Special).-The
'ife of the sailors aboard Admiral
Dewey's flagship, the cruiser Olympia,
is a duplicate of the routine peculiar
to every other .boat in the United
States Xavy. The discipline has not
been relaxed'because the jack tars ac
luitted themselves so well at Manila.
On the contrary, an extra effort is
made by the crew to hold by good be
havior in peace the laurels they won
In time of war. The men-o'-war's men
af the Olympia are feted and petted
'while ashore, but once under the Ad
miral's tye they return to the stern
realities of life on the ocean wave.
It is not a very fascinating or wildly
ailarious life that of the man forward
Da board a modern.warship. There is
a monotony and sameness of things
that eat into the heart at times, and it
is only the excitement caused by a
wreck or a storm or a series of battles
like that recently experienced that
lends a welcome air of diversion to the
naval day. To rise at 5.30 to the harsh
notes of a bugle and drum is the or
der, except during the few winter
months, when a half hour's grace 'is
permitted. The "musics," as the
marine drummers and buglars are
called, are summoned ten minutes be
fore time by the corporal of the guard.
The two l.ads, rubbiig the sleep from
their eyes, take their stand near the
forward hateb, and, at the word from
the oficer of the deck. break into the
stillness of te_*arfmorning with an
lnlerns ubbub technicelly known as
"reveille." The hideous uproar speed
ily brings a chorus of grunts and
~rII-G HO3IE.
(O board the 1agship Oympia.)
vawns, not unmixed with something
-stronger, from the occupants .of the
harmmock-crowded ' berth deck, and
presently the-ladder leading above is
.,. roigedwth half -clad figures mount
ing upward in a ghostly procession.
Each figure carries upon his shoulder
his individual hammock, carefully
lashed and fettere3. This he de
posits in'the receptacles prepared for
hie purpose, and then hies himself to
his mess, where he finds steaming doi
fee without milk and barely sweetened,
bat ertremeiy welcome as an eye
opener.
The spotlessly cleau lecks of naval
vessels ar- proverbial. This cleanli
-ness, which seemed novel even to royal
eyes, is the result of hours of hard,
coastant work every morning on board
cr' ship, in the service. It is to the
executivi-..icer..that all praiE or
blame in reference to the condition of
r. ship belongs, and directly after the
crew has had its early coffee he is on
deck personally superintending the
hlystoning and scrubbing and per
hiaps painting. He relieves the officer
oif the deck, who goes below for a light
lauich, and then sees that the boat
Smates and the captains of the
different parts of the ship distribute
their men to the best advantage. If it
be wash day the crew is allowed to at
tend to its laundry work before the
scrubbing begins, for, be it understood,
there are no "Hop Lees" or colored
women in the nav-al service.
It is seldom that the ship's cook,
who has the exclusive privilege to
make and sell--dried apple pies at
twenty-five cents a pie, and the ship's
'>r~er, who pursues his tonsorial art
the rate of $1 each quarter for every
an on his books, scrub their own
clothing. They are rich enough to
hire a needy landsman or coal passer
to dto it for them.
s the sailor's outfit consists solely
of cloth or white duck trousers, fie n
A
-g does not call for skill or prep
on; - or instance, if the article
renovated is .the dlannel shirt,
k s~euts a clearpart di the deck,
THE OLYMPIA, me
)evefs Flagship Fromrn the *
to fipedown.
AND AT PLAY
sprinkles a little water upon the spot,
then spreads his shirt, previously
soaked, upon the deck. Then with
salt water soap and a scrubbing brush
he sets to work. A subsequent rinsing
completes the task and the garment
is fastened with bits of twine to the
clothesline stretched from mast to
mast.
Holystoning decks and scrubbing
/
AT MESS ON BOAD
ladders and gratings with sand and
canvas continues until ten minutes of
:. o'clock, when the call to "spread
mess gear" is sounded by the boat
swain's mate on watch. This is also.
the signal to clean up, and each jackie
grabs a deck bucket, gets his share of
fresh water from the captain of hi3
part of the ship, and makes his toilet,
which, if not elaborate, amply suffices
for his needs.
After the washing, the sailor's
toilet consists of a vigorous rubbing
with a coarse -towel-his own private
property-and a hair brushing with
the aid of an ancient brush and a small
wooden-framed glass generally carried
in the little chest, or ditty box, which
jackie.
At the stroke of- eight
I c'- the call to '>reakfast i
u, free i
ty air au ,ll
duce txcellent appetites, 2
podawdling in the race for the m
tables on the bertlideck.
-Breakfast over, the men have un
9 to smoke, then all hands are iurned
to and the ship is cleaned up for quar
ters. This latter ceremony is con
ducted daily, rain or shine. During
I AF THE LYA.
teek .days the morning hours are
generally dev.,ted to drill. A settled
schedule is made out when the ship
goesintocommission, and this is
strictly adhered to. Each ship has
1its general quarters, fire quarters,
collision drill, abandon ship, arm and
away boats, broadsword exercise, or
something of similar character, and
from 9.30 until noon the decks are:
alive with men under instruction.
-Dinner is followed by a short rest,
and at 1 o'cloch "turn to" is sounded
again. During the afternoon five
ING DRILL.
days of -the week the crew is kept at
work attending to the multifarious
duties of the ship. Saturday after
noon is considered a halt holiday, the
smoking lamp is lighted, and if the
shi is in poi the men are allowedI to
see visitors aLd enjoy themselves so
cording to their individua'r inclina
tions. With mess-gear in the early
evening, the working day ends. Sup- .
per is followed by a period of re
laxation until the mellow notes of the
bugle sound tape, and the boatswain's
mate's whistle echoes through the
decks in the last call of the day
"pipe down."
There are many other incidents
which go to make up the naval day.
At sea, when the ship's company is
divided into watches, the monotony is
greater than in port. It is during the
latter time, with the fleet at anchor off
some friendly city, or when the ship
is tied up to a dock in one of the home
navy yards, that Jack finds his hours
filled with variety and pleasures suffi
cient to satisfy even his desires. It
is then the liberty list-a potent term
in the navy-is made out. To dis
cover one's name on the liberty list
1//41
D THE OLIA.
means shore with its fascinating at
tractions, and if there is anything on
this footstool the average sailor loves
it is to "hit the beach" with a few
dollars in his pocket.
Sunday is, as far as possible, kept
as a day of rest. After the morning
scrub and inspection comes service by
the chaplain. The old rhyme of
Six days shalt thou labor and do all that
thou art able:
On the seventh. holystone the decks and
scour the cable.
Is no longer appropriate, since all
labor, except what is absolutely neces- n
sary, is dispensed with. t
To attend divine service, dressed in
C
4
b
' 11
*"~l,?*i/14
BEBBE'SI ON TH LYPA t
yn af h mot opla-mn bord
heE NeR Yor mHaket. This OyPa. th
The bestser one eara clasy rey
themselves the disnt and eaenonh
as o the ostoremenlar oen aboard,.
ndThey rencnie in thimsano and it
isn ato ishurerktale. o ern8
ofyhe er SOandn an9.1
Thr takes ahnre million oyerg
al wkaytis the rest.I eens on
bruhtei New York tuhsearothn
dredl pra oieod e prificpe.
Oteoe h s ohn u h
knf siopysa h ose.Eiue
decar thttiCpis t7u ytr
me ahtfrtegnrltaei
mae .ltl diffeence Ifashce
ha be bruh upi-heSuh
Eaiimoe r Nrflkfo intnch
TSen iyer opees are anewas whe
themsaefesh, systnc aclaisur
(Ms. thesnshoree for'e liepub
is a oortshafter that cildt iweaned,
of tmearnage and t$9.nymoni
her aet afte man widsow opemar
riedste aaio the artie of arng ner
tismn waytr the c It depends dpone
eswhere and hbee briouh up chage
teromn wousiohigbn h
TALES OF PL!UJ
ANDU AIWETUK
A Dangerous ldne.
Shut up in an old stean boiler with
t bear and a rattlesnake. That was
ha experience of Jako Aldrich a few
nonths ago, and ho says it is the
iglitest box he ever got into, and he
,as been in a good many. Jack is a
)rospector n ho for over a year has
yeeu working out in the moantains a
ew miles from Diamond Springs, El
)orado County, Cal. Nest where
rake has becn working isan aban
loned engine, with-aIl.the machinery,
ncluding the boiler. 'The house that
:uclosed the nichinery has all been
>Iown down, so that the boiler stands
>at in the open air. The boiler is one of
he old-fashioned kind. without flues.
Early in the year it struck Jske
hat this boiler would be a pretty
cod place to slep in, as it was warmi
utd dry au.! periedtly impervious to
he he-lvy rains that fall n itie vicinity.
I ha took out the manhole gasket,
hich was a big one, located at the
ad of the boiler close to-the bottom,
nd moved il.
He found that it was just what he
ad been looking for. Dark, of course,
n t as warm as a house. By knocking
Sa steam pi'e con'nection at the
ther end of theboiler the ventilation
ras perfect and no danger of getting
ret. For months Jake ebjoyed his
leeping apartment in tihe boiler and
ras the enry of all- the miners for
ailes around. Bot last01ouday night
hers was trouble. Timt's when the
>ar and the snake got iu. At least
at's when the bear got in. When
he snake got in is a mystery. It!
2ay have been hiberuating under!
ake's blankets all wider for all he
a.w s, but he does koW that it waC
ere last Monday night.
Jake went to bed aM his usual time
-about dark-and aslhe night was a
ittle warm concludil to leave the
anhole open.' He ient to sleep in
tautly, but some bars later was
wakened by i qner sound at the
na of the boiler. Y-Rising in 'Lis
lankets, Jake reched for life
aiierg' matches. Tisse are the kin
hat will burn iveral miuntes
riking one, he s for a momenti
linded by the glar Then it flick- I
red and w '
or he couldn't fiud'it. ie"t U
ud there, all the ti ue conscious that
e sniffling was esming his way.
;od sweat came out all over him
ud a frenzy seized him. He wanted
-ike a rush for the manhole, but.;
mar held him to the spot.
Then he felt for his matches again,
nd this time ut his hand right on
iem. Striking one, his horror was
creased. Before him stood a big
ear. At sight of the light the bear
ecame frightened adj went back to
e end of the boiler.; Jake's first im
ulse was to draw is revolver and
re, but he had a fear that he might
ise the bear or not hit a vital spot,
nd so ho kept his nutches burning in
rder to keep the bear at bay until he
old think out a plan of flight.
Vhile this situaation was at its most
trained point Jake's blood almost
roze in his brains, for the whirr of a
attlesnako struck his ear. It was in
he boiler, right in front of him and
etween him and the bear. The first
ove was made by the bear through
he manhole.
This aroused Jake to his senses.
hs match had almost burned his fin
ers when his nerve came back, and
e took careful aim over the sights of
us revolver and blew the head off the
attesnake just as it was poised to
trike.
Victory now aroused Jake's sports
an blood. He wanted the bear.
Climbing out as quickly as he could
e saw bruin sitting on his haunches
.,few feet from the boiler. At sight
f Jake he turned to run, but a pistol
>all caught him between the shoul
les and stopped him. He concluded
fight Jlake and made a fierce attack,
nadened as he was by the pain of
i wound.
As the bear came near Jake pulled
h trigger of his revolver, but the
artridge missed fire. The bear made
aump and knocked him over, but be
ore he reached the ground Jake had
mt a bullet in the pondrous creature's
eart.
This ended the fight. Then Jake
rawled back into his boiler, threw
nt the deal snake and went to sleep.
Next morning he was up bright and
arny to overhaul the game he had
agged during the night.
'ColanleI Piequart's -Charrned Life.
The cable news of the reinstate
ent of Colonel Georges Picquart
akes that distinguished soldier an
bject of great interest. Before the
ufaous prosecution of Dreyfus he
ad been recognized as one of the
blest military officials in France. His
ersecation and suffering at the hands
f the Anti-Dreyfusites have bat served
o dm.onstrate him to be a hero of
e noblest type. Miany of the tales
old respecting the conspiracy which
red to add him to its list of victims
re now becoming public.
When Picquart started the move
noit tending toward a retrial of the
Dreyfas case the general staff was
liled with alarm. They saw only one
vay ont of the difficulty, and that was
get rid of t.he fearless and truth
oving officer. He was removed froms
1s otlice in Novembi.er, 18396, and sent
tway upon an important mission, the
nspection of the frontier regiments in
he West of France. He was bam
>eredwith orders which required him..
a zie oil mi tima nnai thought tibiM
work. Tnv moment he performed the
task he was sent to the southern and
southeastern frontier.1 Thence he was
rushed on daring the unhealthy sea
son to Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli, and
was required to devote most of his
time to those places where Europeans
die from the climate and local dis
eases. His iron constitution carried
him through the ordeal unharmed.
The conspirators then sent him into
the interior of Africa among the blood
thirsty Tonaregs, a tribe or nation of
savage and fanatical ireubooters who
esteem it a privilege to kill a Chris
tian. Here occurred one of the black.
est incidents in the history of the con
spiracy. Iustead of receiving the
usual escort, his accompanying de
tachment was cut down to one-half the
regular number, and it is said induce
ments were offered the Touaregs to at
tack him. One native warrior, who
was mortally wounded in the conflict,
fired twice at Piconart. The first bul
let strack the Co'onel's sword, knock.
Ang it from his hand. When he fired
again the bWIL mortally wounded a
French soldier' igut six feet from the
Colonel. '
The Touaregs wel, routed with
slaughter, and awong the captives was
this man. He declared that Picquart
wore a charm or .ele was in league
with the powers cf darkneas, for 'he
had fired twice at him, and had never
before missed his mark. -
When one considers all that this in
trepid young Colone. ha3 risked in his
effort to see justice done in the Drey
fus matter, one is forced to admit that,
in the list of nineteenth-century 1
heroes, the ilame >f Colonel Georges
Picquart deserves a place near the
head.-Saturdav Evening Post.
Raced In a Tith For Life.
Abraham Sapiro. an employe at ihe
brewery of Katz Brothers, Paterson.
N. J., has charge of the mashing tubs
in which the malt is boiled. In the
centre of each >f these tubs there is a
shaft to which are attached two sets
of steel knive'. When the upright
shaft revolves the knives are driven
about and the imalt is mixed. One of
the new mash tubs was empty a fcw
days ago and Sapiro was at work clean
ing the machinery. He was in the
great vat and had practically comp!i
ted his task when he asked Thomas
McKay, who was assisting him, to go
and turn a lever in the next room, I
which .s used to start the feeding of
the malt into the mixer. McKay raise
t rcr which starts the central 4h
in the b.
others dM. ay
heard r-_ 7.: rnning into
th o. He was so horrifie'. at
what he saw that instead of remedy 13g
'the trouble he was rooted to t.0
ground, and in a daze watched th
chase. Sapio-m cried desperately for
help. The shaft had reached its maxi
mum speed and the man between the
knives could not last long. In the
meantime a slip on the copper bottom
meant a horrible death. Sapiro was
on his last legs when workmen from
other p)arts of the building having
heard his agonized cries. reached him.
One of these had the presence of mind
to signal the engine room and in a
momeint the machinery- began to
slacken speed. When it finally stopped,
and Sapiro had to be very careful to
slow up at the same rate as the knives,
the runner fell to the bottom of the
vat exhausted. He had been at top
speed for nearly five minutes, racing
with death. He was unhurt.
The Brave Work or a Revolutionary Wife.
The first sea-fight after the battle
of Bunker Hill w as that between the
captured schooner Unity and the Brit
ish armed cutter Miargaretta, Lieu
tenant Moore. The men who came
from Pleasant River to the American
ship were short of powder, having
only two or three charges each. It
appears that one of them, yosiah Wes
ton, of Jonesboro', forgot his powder
horn. After his departure his wife,
Hannah. noticed the oversight, and,
following the trail through the woods,
reached Machias on the next day with
the precious powder.
In this plucky tramp through the
woods Mrs. Weston was accompanied
by her husband's sister, Miss Rebeca
Wesdon, a frail girl, fifteen years old.
Mrs. Weston herself was in her seven
teenth year, and had been married
five months. The powder, which was
carried in a bag, weighed forty
pounds. There were no roads or
bridges, and the two girls followed
spots on trees.-Saturdsy Evening
Post.
A lemnarkable Tiger Story.
One of the London Globe's corre
spondents in India assumes the respon
sibility for the following story: "Two
sportsmen who were after a wounded
tiger managed to get separated, and
Iat the moment when th:-y were some
distance apart Stripes made his ap
pearance and bare down upon one of
them. 'Ping!' went the rifle. but the
tiger came on; 'Ping! again, aind with
blood flowing the beast sprang for
ward with jaws apart. The sports
man saw his one chance; he held the
rifle sideways and horizontally to the
growling beast, and in a second the
huetehwere firmly locked in the~
barrels. Then did that cool hea'ded
man calmly hold the tiger like a dog
at the end of a string ti11 his friend
arrived and dispatched it."
Godsend For Golfers.
Little swear-wheels, in form not
unlike the Burman prayer-wheels, are
now in use on the golf links in Kash
mir. They are conducive to silenre,
as, when one misses a particularly
good stroke, one takes. th wheel
hururrdly from the caddie a
let--e it around.-.Delhi
RAILROAD Ti3E TABLES.
MUCH DEPENDS ON THE ACCURACY
OF THEIR MAKE-UP.
Important and DIfcnt Work-Tast. Nr.In
her of Detaii Has to Be Considcred
Lots of Trains Iun That Aro Not Sched
ued on the Time Tables.
Everybody is more or less acquainted
wi4h the general working of the rail
road business, but there are a number
of details which, though of great im
portance, are not qnito so familiar.
The construction of a railroad time
table may be taken as an example.
The neessity and value of a time
table are unquestioned, for there is
no composition that is more studied
and upon which more depends tLan
this little folded strip of paper with
its apparently uninteresting figureq
and nearly everybody has wondered
at some time or other how the wonder
fni accuracy and harmony of the whole
have been attained.
Tho time table familiar to every
patron of a railroad is not nt all a
complete one, for only a smdi pro
portion of the trains that are run on
a-y road are indicated upon the fehler
for distribution. There are many
trains rinning at all times that the
traveler knowns or cares nothinug
about, but these, like the passenger
trains. must have their scheduled ru
ning time.
Evety railroad division has a special
time table for the use of its engineers
and trainmen, and this consists of -a
large car:l of perhaps four feet in
length and two iu width. Upon this
card is given all the information neces
sary regarding the movements of every
engine and train, so arranged as to be I
seen at a glance.
The work of getting np a time table
requires some time, an.l it is not e%.
ailty the work of any one mau. At
the bea-1 of every railroad division
there is a passenger agent, who ha
charge of all through trains and :li
traius runniug throng'a onto -roads
not in his division. He knows when
these trains are to start, when they
shoald reach their destinations, andt
what connections they will make upon
his own or other divisions.
This is the beginning of tie time
table. A schedule i3 madie o" these
data, and as soon as it found that all
is -orkin order the schedule,
informnation .
moer
wi . . ~ or.pp
over it. The sheet of paper. .is then
ruled off into little squares with heavy
lines.
Th spaces between the vertical
lines represent each five minutes of
4ie running d-y of twenty-four bors;
h--b-ridtl lines.!
represent the stations at which. azy
train may stop.
In the oparations which follow the
trainmaster must work with a thor
ough knowledge of tha roa4d. e
must ba intimately acquainted with
every inch of it, its road-bedJ, .grades,
switches, stations, and, in fact, every
thing that has any possibic relation to
the speed or safety of a train.
Th'e purpose he has in view in mak
ing his time table is to arrange the
runs of each engine and traiai on the
read that there wi'I b3 no waste
of time and nU> confusion. He knovrs
from his schedule received fromn the
passenger agent that certain train
gmst be given the right of way over
all other trains.
A train is to leave station A, for
example, at 12.05 o'clock, to arrive at
station X at 4o'clock. The trainmas
ter takes a thread and tacks one end
of it in the space at the upper part of
the sheet which is marked in large
figures, 12.05, and on a line with sta -
tion A. The other end he draws along
to the other side of the sheet and at
taches it in the space under the figure
4 and on a line with the station
marked X.
All intermediate stations touched
by tho passing train are also desig
nated by a tack placed in its appro
priate square, with the thread wonda
around it, and the result is in many
cases a zigzag line, for the distances
between stations are often unequal
and besides a train will go faster on
one part of the road than upon an-i
other by reason of grades, etc. This
same process is carried on with all the
other trains.
.Where traius have a clear road the
trainmaster has a simple enough job~
of it. His real hard work come in
when trains meet each other, especial
ly on single track roads. This must
be provided for in the time table, and
many weary hoars are spent in so
placing a train that it may switch the
other to pass by. Having fnished
with his passenger trains to Isis satis
faction, the maker of the time table
proceed to get his freights out of the
way.
These present a problem of no mean
proportious. for on a large road they
come and go every few minutes, and
somehow they must give way to the
express and other passenger tramus.
Sometimes it requires days for the
trainmaster to get all straight. The
times of these fr eights, like the more
important passenger trains, are fixed
by means of strings, and when the
trainmaster is through the sheet looks
like a piece of crazy lace work.
The only thing remaining then to
be done is the espying of the sheet,
for the printer, a simple operationI
for the time and station designated by
each tack along the string is written
out in full.
Every road has a number of trains
running along its line that Dever find
- um.abe Tese are
rholly upon the conductor, who
studies the time table and takes wfis,
ima he can get between tbe rans of
)the. trains. This method of "wild
,attinj" is common, and it is cause
or wonder that so few accidents result
rom it.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL'
The calcined ashes of seaweed,
inown as "kelp," was formerly a
nost important product and entered
argely into the Scotch manufactured
flass, finding a considerable use also
a other arts, but in recent years this
ndustry has been almost entirely
Ibaudonled.
The magnetic observations at the
iienna Observatory have had to, be
m irely discontinued on accountiof the
)ad ea'ects of the clectric tramways
ud electric light wires. The direc
or of the observatory has submitted
plan to the Government for a new
bservatory. to be situated some dis
ance from Vienna.
Interesting experiments were re
ently conducted on board of the
rech battleship Jauregniberry, to
letermine the limit of distinct vision
t sea. A balloon was held captive at
an ele7aLion of 1300 feet while the
arnot endeavored to locate the bal
uou with her searchlights at distances
'arying from five to twenty-five miler.
rle experiments proved that the limit
f vision under the circamstances was
bout twenty miles.
In a new system of pressing cloth,
erman silver wires are embedded iu
.3bestos laid up between two sheets
I card, and two terminals of the
irea being brought to opposite cor-,
ers of t.e cards; the whole is then
sed between the folds of the cloth to
e V.ressed. Contact is made by means
I clips. The temperature can be per
ectly controlled, and there is no dan
er of burning the goods.
A Montclair (N. y.) lady reports
hat a remarkable bird has been fre
nucting her lawn of late. .lis noth
1 more than a white robin. The
ace is white and the back and wings
avO white bars crossing the usual
P.acish brown. The other robins
eem to be afraid of this freak brother
,a will have nothing to do with him.
ome years ago a number of white
nuglish sparrows were reported. The
ariation, however, did no
ase i an adequate exV
able.
Dictatcd a Lotter to ,imself.
A certain young railroad man who
ias charge of a department in the
mnaiting branch of his company?*
business, had occasion recently to die-,
tato a letter to the head of a corre
sponding department of anotherroad.
There was a point in dispute be
Lween the two railroads -involving
ioney, and this young official had
Lahen a stubborn ground that the other
iicial was totally at fault and ad
ranced what seemed to him unanswei.
ble arguments to prove it.
A short time after-he had forwarded
he letter he received a proposition
~rom' headquxarters of the other rail
oad, which he accepted, and within a
ew days he became the head of the
epartument with wirich he had been
a dispute.
The first letter which he found on
ile ready to be answered was his own
m the point in question. There was
nly one thing to do. He immedi
tely dictated an answer to his own
etter, refating and repnaiating its
irguments, and wound up by a heated
usination that the writer of it was
in unmitigated donkey. Of course,
:he letter was addressed to himself
md igned by himself, but in his en
husiasm for the interests of his new
mployer he did not mind a little
hig like that.-Chicago News.
lIarble Hearts Organize.
A Wisconsin to~wn has entered the
ists as the promoter of a very singu
ar crusade. It is the organization of
he Marble-Heart Anti-Matrimonial
ssociation, into which all the baehe
ors of the place have been induced to
ast their fortunes. An initiation fee
k $25i and annual dues of $10 are ex
ited; the young man joining is
pledged not to mnarry, but should he
reak the vow, he loses all claim to
:he funds of the society. The last
Iar ble-heart to remain unmarried
gets the whole fund, and then is at
sberty to marry if he wishes. The
oung women have organized a coun
:er society, whose vow is not to
narry anyone of the male Marble
earters. There is, however, no
tonewall or strong block in the way
yf the breaking of the pledge in either
>rganizationl.
Penny Weddings.
The Scotland penny weddings were
so called. although the guests con
:ributed shillings, and occasionally
ialf crowns, toward the wedding
east. The penny wedding of Ger
nany is on a different basis. The
ride receives her guests with a basin
efore her, in which everybody de-.
osits a jewel, a silver spoon or pies
>f money. In some parts of Germany
:he eperise of a ma:;riage ia met
each guest paying forgwhat he
md drinks, and, moreoyer, at a v
3igh rate, so. that flgon 00
ihereby obtain a sum.
start them nicely in-lier. As,
300 guests often assemble. Xn
girl is net eligible for marna
il she hmas not only .mnades
.rousemn -u he ~nari