Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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: ACQVIHINQ A VOCAPULAR~Y, )e En6*iedge of Words Gained Througl (Observatson an# CIoe wmudy. Notbing is more fascinating thar be study of words; nothing mor< clearly indicates the scholar as up posed to the mere tyro than the nic< and fastidious use of these. In word: we clothe our thoughts. Eloquent subtle, poetical, or thrilling as these may be, they are intangible and in visible until arrayed in language Unspoken thoughts are unborn chil dren. They cannot come into thi world or on the scene of human ac tion till they are born of the spoken or the written word, says Harper' Bazar. One way of acquiring a good vocabulary is, of conse, by habitually associating with people who speal correctly, and whose choice o words is careful and elegant. To live with highly educated and con genial people is in itself a liberal ed acation in this regard. One some Limes wonders at the singular lapse Into slovenly and illiterate blunderi conspicuous in men and women wh< "shouWd know better." True, the: - should, and probably do know better but in daily practice few people rise very much above the ordinart leve of those with whom they always con verse. A city-bred girl went to live in a part of the country where pro vine:alisms are the current coin o daily talk. Returning a few year later to her home no one would bavc supposed her to be the same person So many queer little phrases and ownrigpt forms of speech. inelegan1 and lacking In good form, had she & very susceptible person picked ul and adopted. If we wish our aaugh ter to be proficient in musie we take her to hear the most renownei artist Technique ma~y be acquired by con tant practice under the best ia utructors, but she can gain feeling kppreciation of color and phrasing, sincere and genuine culture in mu sic% only by hearing it rendered well and this Is true of both vocal and in itrumental performance. So it i true that a good vocabulary is great ly augment.ed by habitually listenig to eloquent and beautiful speech-t< the pblished diction of the pulpit, t< the rounded and rhythmic sentence: of prayer and prase. The young person wno always goes to churcl will gain something not included in our usual thought of church-go'ng i large and more facile vocabulary. "For two years," said a student o: French, -l heard no English that I :ould help. I attended a Frerci church; I went wherever French ,vac 1poken, in public and In private; lived in a French atmAphere." Thi Is eqgally true of iEng.ish. A vocab alary is not gained in a day or2 week. It Is the slow accretion ol many days, the development of many weeks. - -2we iner View. It is a narrow view that sees in th extension of commerce, the advanc of material prosnerity, only sordli and material activity. All these out ward phises of our national life ar bat external signs of mental energ: and moral uprightness. It Is a nar row view that sees In these nothini beyond tnaterial prosperity. Tb< . ages that have been rich in works o genius, that have been great in de ~ termining a hIgher destiny of hu mnanity, have been ages of commnero and trade. Venice reached he splendor in her golden age of conm meree. Greece attained her nobles d.velopment in an age of genera prosperity. .Behind every great work is thi idea. When a new railroad is lait across the Continent, bringing the At lantic and Pacific shores into nea and easy communcation; when tal Irrigation of waste lands makes thi desert to bloom as the rose; when nev inventions increase a thousand fol< the power of a specitic work, there i; to be seen in all these, not merely nor even mostly, an increase of ma terial prosperity, but the clothing o an idea with visible power. -esquare In the Eye." The ability to look you "square I: she eye" is generally regarded as a. pxcellent characteristic of a man here are some people who don't thin] that way, however. They prefer th rentlemnan who modestly keeps hi eyes averted. They know of nothini more~annoyingjtban an impudent start such as the gentleman generally In dulged in who prides himself on th4 ability in question. Some of the mos1 honDrable and straightforward mer in the country have "shifting" eyes, and they find it uncomfortable t< gaze steadfastly at anybody or any thiing more than a minute at a time. As we grow older we begin to realizE bhat- it isn't safe to make iro'nclad ruiles for the judgment and measure ment of our fellow beings. The stand'ard that will apply admirably in Dbe instance is hopelessly unreliable in another. -Washington News. . T'HE HASH SLINGER'S MIISTAEE. Sociable Teuton (to waiter)-'"Wi4 gehts." Hasty Waiter (yelling toward th< kitchen)-"Wheat cakes !" N.W.-"You will be lucky if you get three."--Newport News. .C DRSSWIH ODCEAN PUFF ~ SLEVES Z? DRESS WITH IRISH POINT LACE. w7he Cowboy's 6110. In the windy, bleak nights when the rain falls ia torrents or the snow, flying in clouds, seems to cut asunder all that comes before It, the cowboy has the greatest obstacles to over come. These are the nights when a sudden stampede miaht destroy all the rounding-up work of weeks pre. ceeding. Mounted on his best bronco, the cowboy rides out to his post on the outskirts of the gathered herd, miles away, perhaps, from the camp. As the wind whistles in hoarse cadence along the surface of the ground and through the sage-bush, his dull chant doats over to the uneasy herd. A few steers, made restless by the co'd, start to wander away from the zathering place, and through the blackness of the night the cowbow sees their moving forms. Without ceasing the song he moves gently past them., and they are turned back to the thousands they have attempted to leave. Once in a while a steer es capes, to return again at break of lay, but the general stampede seldom happens. But when a stampede does occur the cowboy's nerve is t:ied to the ut most. "Milling" a stampede is onz :f the most dang-rerous operations that i cowboy has to endure. To mill the cattle is to get them goingin acircle, and letting them run tbemselves -iown. A frighted herd of several wousands will run over a train or snything. The only way to stop them is for some bold fellow to mount i horse, and ride around a herd, and by constant cuts of the lariat or squirt, get leade.'s turned. He must follow close after the leaders, and. aot mind those in the rear. They will follow. But it Is certain death if he is uu horsed or his pony stumbles. rhe frightened herd would trample him to death in a few moments. A cowboy once told me that he was trying to mill a stampede one very -larlV night. He was almost at the leaders when his horse stopped. Hie bad raised hi3 spurs to plunge them into the pony's fianks when a flash of lghtning; showed him that he was on the verge of a precipice some two hundred feet high. He said he went back to camp sick, and It was a week before he could take to the saddle a Monetary VonrerenceO. "Julia," said Mr. Pilver, the other morning, while sitting at the break fast taule waiting for his coffee to cool, "Julia, let's have a monetary conferenc'e." Mrs. Pilver Is treasurer of the es tablishment, and the suggestion im mediately attracted her attention. "A monetary conference, James?" she queried cautiously. "Yes," said Mr. Pilver, with an in ane giggle. "Something like they have just had in Brussels, you know." "Well?" "Well, we will pretend to be coun tries, you knowv. You can be France and PIll be-let's see, TIl be-" "Russia," sue~gested Mrs. [Piver with great significance. "Yes, Russia-Russia, of course," Ssaid Mr. Pilver nervously. "Well?". "Well, then, Russia would like to cegociate a loan with France. Not a large loan, you know, although it's the custom for nations to deal In large sums of money, but say-" "I didn't know that they nego tiated loans at .the Brussels confer ence, though," interr upted France. "They didn't," admitted Russia, "but of course they could have done so. What goo:1 would a monetary conference be. I'd like to know, if money couldn't be borrowed at it? But, as I said Russia asks only a small loan-say 81.75. or $2." "But I understand you to say, James, that you wanted this confer ence to be as much like the Brussels con rerence as possible?" quietly asked France. "Yes," said Russ~a, hopefully. "Then I declare it adjourned until next summer," said France, de cisively. IWhen Mr. Pilver sadly turned his attention to his temporarily neglect I d co~tez he saw that a thin crust of ice had forrued up~on it. Anecdote of Jmsmaren. A story concerning Prince Bis march has just been brought to light by the publication of the memoirs of the late Duke of Somerset. The Duke, writing of Dr. Busch's book of gossip about the great German Chancelor, relates that Busch was employed by the Prince to prepare articles for the newsocners and to record his sayings. One day Busch sent to the newspapers something Crown Prince Frederick ~aad said, upon which Bismarck sent for the doctor and expostulated, "I told you to publish what I said, not what that fool of a Crown Prince says." "Well," replied Busch, "may [ publish this saying of yours?" EIs WAY OP PLmASIG. Sunday-school Teaher-"I told yot last Sunday that I wished each of yor. would try to make at least one person happy during the week. Did von?' Boy-'"Yes'm; I made grandme happy." "Tihat's noble. How did yon do it?" "I went to vieit her, and she's al ways happy when she sees I've got # goodsappetite"-Good News~ z slornon of Aboriynal 'ames. From the very beginning of the modern European coni uest and coloni zation, the "Indian" names have been invested chiefly with what is purely a fanciful and conjectural orthography in their English writings. There has been no surviving testimonial, in either living or dead tongues, fixing the definite expression of the ancient words just as the native man would have written them had he been possessed of the proper facilities. Sometimes the old native namea have been made to appear unnecessarily grotesque in their writing-in some instances as much so as the rude savage himself appears personally-the fact illustrated in the writing Youghioghe ney for simply Ya-og-ha-ha, and in Esquemeaux for Es-ka-mo. Many purely poetic garbs of the old words have become incorporated into our permanent geographical literature. The names Mississippi and Tennessee are examples of the fanciful versions of the old aboiiginal titles: the former is supposed to have been in sound. represented by the English writin; Mes-sis-a-pa, while the oldest historic records extant showing the latter giv. the writing as Ten-as-sa. Whit i evidently one ancestral word appearn in the modern versions of Shewance, Bewanee, Suwance, Swanau, an, Chowan. The Freneh writing Cietyeune is the same word in the remote anc.stry, -s is now believed. -Popular Science Monthly, OUTRAGED.' Tramp-"Can't you give me some. thin' to eat, ma'am?" Kind Woman-"Yes; here is apiece of homemade mince pie." Tramp-"I asked for food, madam, not work. "-Truth. FATAL GIFT OF BEAUTr. "That is an awfvlly pretty girl thai Timmins is engaged to just now." "Yes. Too pretty, in fact. Tim. mins tells me that he is so fascinatec with her beauty that ! e has never had the courage to turn down the gas wher he was calling on her for fear of losing sight of her pretty face."-Indianap. oWl Journal. A Shrewd Wire "Poor old Jobson's in hard lurk." "What's he done now?" "Made a bet with his wife on the election, and now's he got to be in the house every night at 9 o'clock."-Truth. *1 WALIGC7UEWT OPEN SAKJAKT EmeorW a t.I CTuMe with ig Pntrb SACiJAKET The Baggage Car In Persia. As the Persians know how to travel in their own country, we have adopted their fashion of carrying valises and small trunks, and have invested in two pairs of long carpet sacks, in which these articles are packed. Each sack is called a "ma-fresch," and two of them are a load for a horse, one being placed each side of the saddle, with the weight carefully adjusted. These receptacles are usually made of velvety Persian carpeting, six feet in length by eighteen inches in depth and width, shaped like long narrow boxes, with stout leather handles at each end, and a multitude of straps and buckles. In these sacks all the packages and valises are placed, water-proof bags with bedding, our iron camp-bedsteads, stools, tables, and carpets, are laid on the top, and after being tightly strapped up, they are lifted into place by the combined efforts of all the men, 2nd corded on to the bulky pack sad lies of the horses. Provisions, wine ind cooking utensils are carried in two quaint chests, made in a Tabreez >azar, covered with stamped red leath or, and provided with short legswhich >revent the cords from slipping off. inother chest, made in Paris, which vo meant to leave at Trebizond, is itill with us. The horse which the ;iead chavadar rides is more lightly oaded than the others. and pictur s(uely festooned with bags of fodder Sund earthen water jars. Each of these weather-beaten old horses, with head stall of fringed leather, straps and bridle ornamented with shells and blue beads, and his worn pack saddle, shredded and patched with many colors like a beggar's mantle, is a wonderful ly interesting study of color. Around their necks, among the many-hued tassels, or from their sides, are hung bells, and bells within bells. Our march through Persia was attended by their monotonous but not discordant music. For at night, while we slept in the tent, the horses, tethered in a long row to a cord outside, munched steadily at the chopped straw in their nose bags, and in our waking moments we were conscious of the same chimes which we had heard through the day. Each chavadar, clothed in patched and faded blue, or enveloped in heavy felt vercoat, to keep off the chill of early morning, his face burnt and tanned to a rich mahogany tint, is a type of the most primitive, robust order.-Har oer's Magazine. issx ateilraIloItia! Vol. At this time of year, when every body is fretting auout letters of credit and all the other makeshifts to avoia enury in a foreign land, it occurs to the mind unskilled in questions of finance to wonder why we cannot have one single international coin, which would be good wherever it Is spent, says Kate Field's Wash'ngton. An entire international currency Is a boon reserved for our grandchildren, but a single gold coin of about the value say of *2.50 would be an immense convenience to travelers. A moderate sum in such coins would n ot be burdeifsome, and before leav 'ing each country the national cur rency could be exchanged into them at the hotel otfice or the nearest shop without any fuss and feathers "what ltve IMutiples of such ,, coin, to heextent of a hundred or more, would he easily portable, and fr actions of it wou-d not be large enough to cause serious embarrassment to most travelers. The amount of time and trouble which a single international oin would save is almost incalcula ble, MvRRow EsCAPE. "Yes," said Mr. Smawll to one o. the guests, looking at his watch and then gazing dreamily off into vacancy, "it was exactly twenty-five years agi at this moment that I led-ah, m3 dear, I was just observing to Mr Spoonamore that exactly twenty-iv4 years ago by the watch you led me te the altar. "-Chicago Tribune. WHAT a fool a man can make of himself sometimes when he tries hi' best to be wise. th ouace ri- Drsswih ok min. tye Seees h Seevs, onsst.Tule H f seeralpiecs. oubl-Breste am we+. A at.,Run I Nit WRAP WITH LACE TRIMMING FOR ELDERLY WOMEN. LACE t HAT AND WRAP WITH TRIPLE a CAPE AND REVERE. seeing Dy Electridaty. We can write by electricity, can send pictures and designs by the same agency, and talk to our friends at a distance by means of the electric wire. f When the British Association visited t Newcastle, England, says the Chronicle t of that city, Professor Perry told his I auditors that seeing by Alectricity was a possibility of the future, and he had I shortly before drawn a picture of l scientific achievements which would 1 enable friends divided by large conti- E ments and oceans, not onlyto talk with each other, but to look upon their fea- 1 tures, Even before that Professo Bell was known to have been at work s in his laboratory endeavoring to solve i .the problem, and though ten yeare b ave elapsed since the possibility of pplying the well-known principles cd 'ght in the same way as the principles of sound have been applied as in the a telephone was first suggested, the pro fessor is still as hopeful of success as 9 ever. There is no theoretical reason IP why light may not be conducted in thb 1 same way as sound, but Professor Bell ' tells us that it will be very much more F difficult to construct an appal.tus f* ,the purpose, owing to the immensel, greater rapidity with which the vibra- I tions of light take place when com pared with the vibrations of sound. I The difficulty, however, is merely one of finding a diaphragm sufficiently sen itive to receive these vibrations am] produce the corresponding electrical vibrations, and it is encouraging to have it on the authority of such a man as Professor Bell that at least a dozen men, eminent in science in various parts of the world, are at present en gaged in endeavoring to find the sola- P tion of this problem. Professor Bell 1 himself, who has never ceased to grap- C ple with the difficulty, candidly admite that up to the present his labors have 9 been in vain, but he is full of hopeful 'ness as to the successful issue of his own research, as well as that of the b other scientists who have taken the matter up. rX 1XAnS Ara . A young man and a young woman I lean over the front gate. They areC lovers. It is moonlight. He is loth to leave, as the parting is the last. He ~ I is about to go away. They swing on the gate. "I'll never forget you," he says, "and if death should elaim me my last ' thought will be of you." E "'ll be true to you," she sobs. "'TH never see anybody else or love them as long as I live" They part. Six years latter he re turns. His sweetheart of former years has married. They meet at a party. She has changed greatly. Between the dances the recognition takes place.t "Let me see," she muses, with her fan beating a tatoo on~ her pretty head, "was it you or your brother whom I used to know ?" ''Really, I don't know," he says. "Probably my father."-Philadelphia Times. Eaetern Girl-"We have the cradle that my grandfather was rocked i. Western Girl-"We have the boots that my grandfather died in."-Life. b t t a to 'I P md Nw Sut wih Cae, Rund at Roundand Prasol . Opn Cat wth roadRe gi Sackvere Toqe of 'an na Fower. 0 kiN POINTS. [OW THIS USEFUL LITTLE AV7 TECIE IS MADE. - Vonderfully -Ingenions" Kel Which Turns Out the , Li "Bachelor's Friend" at the Rate of '500 an Hour.f - MACHINE that makes pine turns out 7500 of these tini essentials an hour. Before the pin is fmished it goe hrough very many operations, which re described in the Youth's Compan an as follows: A reel of wire hangs ver the machine, the free end of rhich passes between two rollers. As the wire leaves the roller it passes etween two matched dies until it Dnches a guage. Just as it does this he dies come together and clamp it rmly in a groove in their face. At he same time the machine cuts it off he proper length. The gauge then ioves away and a little punch forms he head by striking the end which ested against the guage. When this Sfinished the dies separate and de Lver the pin into one of the great iany grooves in the face of the wheel bout a foot in diameter, and just as ride across its face as the pin is long. When the pin is taken by the wheel has no point, but as the wheel turns rubs the pinz against an outside and, which causes each one to roll in s groove, and at the sametimecarries em past a set of rapidly moving filed rhich brush against the blunt ends d sharpens them roughly. They ext pass against the faces of two rinding wheels, which smooth the oints, and then to a rapidly moving lather band having fine emery glued n its fae. This gives them the finaAl olish, and as they leave the baud they re dropped into a box underneath he machine. After this the pins are lated with tin to give them a bright, ilvery appearance. They are pre red for plating by being first im ersed in weak sulphuric acid to re iove all grease, and then dried by eing placed-a bushel or so at a ime, with about the same quantity of wdust-in a machine called a tum ling barrel. This is simply a cask aspended on a shaft which passes brough it lengthwise. Two or three ours' rolling in sawdust cleans the ins and wears away any little rough ess which the machine may have aused. Pins and sawdust are taken to. ether from the barrel and allowed to ll in a steady stream through a blast f air. The sawdust, being the lighter, ; blown over into a large, room-like ox, while the pins, being heavier, ll into a bin below. After this they re spread out in trays having sheets f zinc in their bottoms, which have reviously been connected with one f the wires of an electric battery. he trays are then placed in a tank ontaining a solution of tininmuiriatioe eid, and the other wire of the battir Sinserted in the solution. Electrical' ction Immiediately begins and deposits ietallio tin on the entire surface of ich pin. They are then washed in a mk of water and put into other ambling barrels with hot sawdust. Vhen they have been dried and cleaned f the sawdust, as in the former in ance, they are put Into a large, owly revolving copper-lined tub, rhich is tilted a.t an angle of about' :rty-flve degrees, As this revolves he pins keep sliding down the smooth opper to the lower side. This con bnt rubbing against the tub anl gainst each other polishes them. It wasthe practice formerly to allow in of all lengths to become mixed in ie different operations, and, after olishing, to separate them by a very igenious machine, but it has been >und more economical to keep eaclr ise to itself. rom the polishing tub the pins are irried to the "sticker," where they ll from a hopper on an inclined plane i which are a number of slits. The ins atch in thene slits and hanging y their heads, slide down the incline the apparatus which inserts them in e paper. As the number of pins-in row on the paper and the numbertof it are the same, an entire row is such at once by an ingenious device hich takes one pin from each slit and iserts them all at once ini the two idges which have been crimped in the aper by a wheel that holds it in place receive the pins. At the same time ie wheel crimps the paper it spaces i rows, so that when filled with pins ie paper will fold up properly. This whole machine is so delicate in a action that a single bent or. other ise imperfect pin will cause the Lachine to stop feeding until the at ,dant remove it ; yet its operation iso rapid that one machine will stick ),000 pinsan hour. Es the long ssrip 'paper on which the pins are stuck mes from the machine it is cut into roper lengths by girls, who then fold id pack the papers in buaa~les ready >r shipmenfr "Have you noticed msy wife's new onnet?" said Bloobumper to Dossill. "Yes; it's a stunner." "That'e what it is. Now, she hashad great many bonnets and gowns since -e were married, but nothing thatahe as worn has given me greater stis ction in all that time." "Like it, do you?" "That's what I do. It cost $8!$" "Is that the reason you like It?" asped Dossill. "Yes, sir. Hitherto she has never en one which cost over $20." "Never worn one which cost over 0, and now youi appreciate so highly is one which cost nearly twice as uch ?" "That's it, Dossill." "But I don't understand it. Mairied en don't usually get so much e4joy ent out of buying an expensive bon nt for their wives." "That's just it, Dossill, ex~tly. on see her father sent her the mozney r it."-New York Press. ; cUVr!vaTDG 2ME XUSB. -e Poet-"I have here some vErses 3 rould like to submit. They are noi erfect, I admit; perhaps they want Editor-"You are quite right, sir: low- VIPe bs 5 Is pw deon6 shuns a happg heart.' -~ P~ksuvsue icS often Glib runs geliu, *BAP habissart thistles in the hears. AAD man -always atrald o' the truth. ALL of God's calls to repentaner are urgent. WENEvR a soul is los, God h disappointed. DoiNG good is a better occupatioD than digging gold. I WE please God most when our lives remind some one of his Son. I W. cannot choose our duties, but we can perform them faithfully. ONE of the first elements in every success, is to determine to succeed. I UTL we know God with the heart we can not praise him with the lips. BEFoRE great victories can be ee. joyed, great battles must be fought TiE great object of the Bible is to get men to see with the eyes of God. WBENEVEB vou see a shadow It means that there is a light close by. Gov will not help the man who will not do what he can to help him. self. i THE father who does not train ui his boys properly helps the bar. keeper. I Iyyour face is toward God, the devil will be sure to throw mad at your back. I MoEE people are killed by falling down stairs than from thc tos ot high cliffs. IF we were never tried, we could not find out how much of a hold we have on God. DID you ever know a Christian who didn't backslide as soon as he begun to grow rich? IF you want t find God near you when the clouds come, begin to pray - in sunshiny weather. A MODERATE drinker is worth great deal more to the devil than hf out-and.out drunkard. WEEN you pray for the Lord to bless other people don't insist that It shall be done your way. IT is easier to walk the tight rope ithout falling, than itis to criticise others withoet backsliding. TAERE are people in the curch *4 who stop believing the Bible- whn ever a famine comes in sigbt. OuR greatest desires are nothing but crumbs in comparison to the loaves God wants to give us. THE man who does right 'only be cause he has to, would rather work for the devil at the same price. IN this world men and devils may have their own way for awhile, but In Heaven God will be supreme. WHENEVER the name' or God and man come together in the Bible, God is trying to tell man that He loves him. IF men would stand up for their re lgion like they will for their politics how quick the devil would begin to run. SOME parer. let their childrcn look at the procession and then whip them because they want to go-to the circus. FnxDINe fault with others Is one way of telling people that youl are niot quite so good as you ought to be yourself. IF some people would be a little more careful about where they step,_ those who follow them wouldn't stumble so much. THE kind of preaching many a man wants is that which will permit him to serve the devil all the week and still respect himself. THAT preacher will probably feel omesome in Heaven who has never said anything in his sermions to make the devil show his teeth. Do[N'T erpect much from the mai who is always talking about what great things he would do if he had somebody else's opportunities. A -rurkey souR A turkey soup Is generally preparea to use up the remains of the cold roast turkey. No one would be likely to make this soup of an uncooked turkey, which is much more valuable served in roast erbraise. Take the bones with any bits of meat and dres sing clinging to them from a cold roast turkey. Break them and cover hem with two quarts of beef stock. Water will do, but beef stock Is the best. Let the soup simmer slowly tor four flours, then strain the soup, separate the meat from the bones making it into force meat balls. To lo this mince the meat as fine as pos" sible, and pound it to a paste. There should be about a cupful Noisten it with yolas of three eggp and a very little hot soup, and when i is cold make it into balls In the size of hickory nuts and lay them In a little of the boiling soup just before it is served. Let the soup simmer gently aroung the balls for five or sls minutes; it must not boll hard. While you are making the force meat, balls aad a sliced carrot, an onion, a turnip, and a leek, to the soup, with a bay leaf, a stalk of soup ielery, about three sprays of parsleyi and a sprig of thyme. Let the vege4 ables be minced due, and browned; before they are added to the soup, and ince the herbs. Let the soup cook an hour longer, then season it and add the force meat to the tureen, and pour the hot soup over them. Poached iags are sometimes added to this soup, ane In each plate, when it is served, Author-"Only one thing kept mg fast novel from making a sensation. Friend-"What was that?" Author-" No one read it. "-Chicagp Becord. A LADY says trnat sne could alwaya know when sh@ had taken just toq much wine at dinner-her huqbanig* jokes begango seem iay.