The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, April 07, 1885, Image 1
Ar.
"',f IN
A'I 4.
N'A."
N SBO.011(.
HOW ATAWGE VROSSED TaE RIVER.
The fog lay low on the river-bank,
The river so deopand wide
So wierd and wide, we have never seen
A glitupse of the other side.
We held her hands in our loving grasp
Till hex fair feet touched the shore;
She could not atay-we could not go,
And the shadows lay dark bqfore.
But theFerryman softly dipped the oars,
IAnd her hands o'er her heart she laid;
The boat tossed out on the heaving tide,
But sbe smiled; and was not afraid,
We stood to gaze on the sballop's wake,
And we held our breath to hr,
For above the river's nurmuuring surgej
There was music- fahlt, but clear.
But the fog was dawp on the river-bank,
And the waves beat on the shore,
Bo we turned away with our breaking
hearts,
For Alice was ours no morul
I& LIT1'LE. SH40P OtRL.A
"She's an old darling," said Grace
Craxall, "and I mean to help her all I
can. I've got a beautiful recipe for
chocolate eclairs, and on Friday even
king I.am going there to make up all I
can, so that the school children will
buy them on Saturday. I know how to
make cinnamon apple tarts, too, and
lemon and cocoanut balls."
"Grace, I do believe you have taken
leave of your senses," said Medora
fay. "One would think it was dis
grace enough for Aunt Deborah to open
a horrid huckster shop, without our
mixing ourselves up in the affair."
"But Aunt Debby must live, you
know," said Grace, who was perched
kitten fashion on the window-sill, feed
Ing the canary with bits of sparkling
white sugar. "And Consin Nixon
couldn't keep her any longer. I sup
pose you wouldn't be willing to have
her come and live with you?"
"Ii" cried Modora. "Do you sup
pose I want to proclaim to the whole
town that I have such a dilapidated old
relation as that?"
"I would take her quick enough,"
said Grace, "if I didn't board with
Mrs. Howitt, and share the little up
stairs back room with tfe two children.
Just wait until I marry some rich
man," she added, with a saucy uplift
ing of her auburn brows, "and then
see if I don't furnish up a estately
apartment for Aunt Debby."
"Don't talk nonsense," said Medora,
acidly.. "It's very likely, isn't it, th'at
a facinw girl like you is goingUnmary;
a ieh man?"
Grace Craxall laughed merrily. All
through life she and her cousin, Medora
May..had agreed to differ on most
point. Grace. seeing no other career
before her, had, on the death of her last
fiurviving parent, cheerlully entered a
factory, while Medora, taking her
stand on the platform of a false gentil
ity, had done fine sewing and silk em
broldery on the sly to support herself,
putting on all the airs of a young lady
of fashion the while. And now A unt
Deborah May, to the infinite disgust of
ier aristocratically-inclined m ece, had
actually opened a little low-windowed
~hop inl a shady street just out of' the
lain thoroughfare.
~"But what am I to do?" Aunt De
be ah had sa'd.
"What can you do?" said Grace.
"I don't know. Your uncle always
*used to say I was a master hand at
making bread."
"Tlien make it," brighltly interrupted
"Eh?" said Aunt D)ebby.
"There's a nice little store to let on
Bayptreet," wvent on Grace, "for ten
deillars a month."
, "But I haven't got ten dollars a
month," feebly interrupted Aunt De
borah.
11'l lend it to you," said Grace,
"oult of the wages 1 h~ave saved. And
there's a pr-etty bed room at thle back of
the shop, and a clean, dry basement
under it, where you can bake your
bead."
"Do you mean to open a bakery?"
said bewildered Aunt Debby.
"Not exactly that," explaIned G race,
"But 4f the ladles around hero could
get real home-made bread, such as you
itake, do you suppose they would put
up with thle sour stuff they get at the
bakers' shops? And you could easily
g~t up a reputation on your raisin caikes
pnd fied crullers, and New England
pumpkin pies. Now, couldn't you?"
Tile old lady brightened up a little.
"Iused to be pretty good at cook
ing,)? said sh10. "And if' you think I
could support myself so--".
"Iapi sure of it!" cried cheerful
Grace. "Apd I'll go there with you
~his very day to look at the place, and
Iill engage it for three months Oil
1t 'al, And I can paint you a signi to
p14 over your door: Ihome-made Bread
'by'yrs. Deborah May!" And I'll hlelm
you 80om3 curtains and arrange tihe
ielves in the low winldowv. I almost
s'~jh I was going to be you~r 81101 girl,"
shie adde I merrily. "But I can help
f~,ou in tile evening, you know."
:: Grace Oraxall's prophecies proved
EUd~rrect, Aunt Debby's dehlous home
made bread, whlmiter than powdered
blilues, sweet as ambrosia, soon acqtuiredl
a reputation, and the old lady could
scarcely bake It 'fast enough. People
came ,half a dozen blocks to buy the
(yellow pumpkin piesand delicious app'e
tarts; children broughlt ther hoarded
(pennies to invest in chocolate sweet
esvanma o amrels, and creamn
cakey, with pufRy shells and delicious
centers of sweetness. The little money
drawer grew fat with coins, and Aunt
Debby's dim eyes grew bright and
hopeful again.
Aud one day Mr. Herbert Valance,
walking by-with Medora May, stopped
and looked in. -
"Isn't that your cousin Grace," said
lie "bel ind the counter?"
Medora turned crimson with vexa
tion.
"My colisin Grace," she said. "No,
indeed"
Mr. Valance looked up at the algu
over the door.
"The name is May," he remarked
indifferently.
"Yes," said Medora, angry at her
self blushing so deeply, "but we are no
relation."
Mr. Valince thought over the ~mat
ter; he afterward met Miss May at a
party given by a friend, where pretty
Grace Craxall was also present; lie had
taken rather a fancy to the bright blue
eyes and delicate blonde beauty of the
former. Valance Hall, on the hill just
out of the city, was solitary enough
now that his sister had all married aid
gone away, and perhaps a man might
find a less attractive and graceful wife
than Medora May. But he could not
be mistaken, he thought, in Grace
Craxall's identity.
And so the next evening, about the
same time, he sauntered into the shop.
Grace was behind the daintily clean
little counter taking some newly baked
maple caramels off the pan. She looked
up with a smile.
"Good evening, Mr. Valance," said
she.
"So," he thoug"t. "1 wasn't mis
taken after all. And the little blue-eyed
seraph is mortal enough to tell a lie in
spite of her angelic appearance!"
But lie looked serenely at Grace.
"I didn't know you were in trade,'
said lie.
"Didn't you? Well," retorted Grace,
"I am my Aunt Deborah's shop girl at
present. I always come here in the
even'ings to help her, because," she ad
ded, with a sweet shade of seriousness
coming over her face, "aunt was old
and poor, and she didn't quite know
how to maintain herself in independ
ence; and unfortunately, my wages at
the factory are not enough for us both.
So I advised her to open this business,
and she ' ~'pg well; and
tii lreed and
p~ines y(? d a saucy
twinkle under -her eyelashes, "if you
know of any customers, will you please
reccoumend our firm?"
"To be sure I shall," he answered,
in the same spirit, "And I am very
glaul, Miss Craxall, to see that you are
not ashamed of being .a working girl."
"Of course I am not," said Grace.
"Why should I be?'"
"But your cousin Modora is."
Grace gave a little shrug of het
shoulders.
"Very likely," said she. "Medora
and I differ In many things."
Mr. Valance bought a pound of cara
mels anid went away.
"Shie is a beauty," he said to himself.
"And she is a sensible beauty into the
bargain."
Hie must have been very, well pleasedi
with his p~urchase, for he came agaii
the next evening, just in time to walk
hoine with G race Craxall. And they
talked over Aunt Deborah's affairs,
and concluded as flour was low just
then, it would be a favorable opportu.
nity for the old lady to lay in her wintez
stock..
Only a fewv weeks had elapsed ivhen
Medora May was electritled to learn
that her cousin Grace was engaged.
"To some master baker or journey
man confectioner, I suppose," she said
contemptuously.
"No," said Grace, with eyes roguishly
sparkling; "to Mr. Herbert Valance."
"I-don't believe-it," said Medora,
growing-red, theni pale.
"But it's really so," said Grace,
"And we are to be married in three
months. And Aunt Debby is to come
to tihe hail and live with me as soon as
she can dispose of her business to advant.
ago. And, dear Medora 1 hope you
will often come and visit me there."
A srquare Hioje.
The first and only auger ever manu
factured that will bore a square hole is
now in the shops of the Clpvelarid
Machine Company. This auger bores
a two-inch square hole, thie size used In
ordinary frame buildings and barns,1
but they can be made on the same prin
ciple to bore square holes of any size.
Its application is ordinary and works
on the same prinmciple as round hole an
gors. its end, instead of having a screw
or bit, has a cam motion which oscil
lates a cutter mounted on a steel rock
ing knife, which cuts on both sides.
In order to preveiit the splintering -of
the wood thme ends of the cutter are
provided with small semi-circular
shaped saws which help in cutting out
perfectly square corners. It is estibna
ted that this new process will savd thme
labor of three men who work with
chisels, as one nmau can conveniently
cut a two-inch mortice in the same
length of time lhe can bore a round
hole. The invention is the work of a
Wooster man, who has given the suba
Jent years of ratiept thouht.!
the'a6w bour*.
It is by no nieans eVeriy delicate per
ons who should make Canada his win
or resort; Vit it is well knowh that our
vinters have cared chronio eases for
vhibb Colorado and:Plorldk wore al'one
upposed't b6 benefldial. 'Every win
er numbers resort .to Muhtreal, Que:
iec, Halifax and:.iitlpeg for o
ther reason .tliai thit 'or'. which they
>nce went to tropicaY cilaaes. I know
f patients who were xegularly sent to
3ermuda and thi Webt indleslatid oth
irs, to sadh winter climates as Nice,
vithout more than temporary beneft,
vho werciipletel cured by the out
loor life of our Mdontreal and- Quebsc
vinters., Two -years ago we had an
1xceritionally severe -Winter in Uani
oba. 1ts severity and peculiarities
vere precisely the same inDakota and
.ihmiesot a.- I was en toute,from Bran
[on to Whinipeg,a distanceof 180 miles
)y rail'and was caught in a snow block.
de whihb lasted eight days atid kept
is in a sittlation not likely again to oc
mr.. The storm was so severe that re
lief trains could not leave Winnipeg,
mud a couple of us. who had the long.
mow-shoes used on the praries tramped
,o and from farm-houses a couple of
niles distant for provisions for the pas,
lengers. -Thie snow-plows Niere of no
ise, and in a desperate attempt to cut
t way through the drifts, the engine
umped the track and came to grief.
rhe train was pulled back from the
lebris by an engine In the rear, and the
iext morning we found ourselves sepa
7ated from the wreck by deep drift,
Ionie of them fteen feet high. Night
itter night passed; the coal and wood
ran short; two of the cars were aban
loed by Ihe passengers, and, to econo
mize fuel, we were crowded into the
Iwo remaining cars The sleeping ac
:ommodation Improvised was very
%musing. Fancy roosting two in a sin
gle seat, with your knees doubled up to
your chin; or lying like sardines, four
in a double seat; or propped on tpp of
;he back of the seaLq, which were
burned up and brought together so as to
lorm a sort of double deck. Shovelers
iad been working day and night, but
Ahere were too few of thiom. and at last
'he passengers went to work, and from
) a. m. to 5 p.m. pitched the snow with
might and mlain,and sueceeded in clear
i)g the track. In order to pass the ob
itacle of the wrecked engine, we raised
1ld ralls, got ties and laid a new side
rack Im the hard aniwyandouroq
wre ,afely shoved forward. ,Iso eTrs
rrom Winnipeg had succeeded,with the
mow plow, In reaching imiand we were
ioon on our way. The effect of this
)xposure upon the health of many of
the passengers was remarkably good.
Dne clergyman who had come out from
K'ngland for some affection of the
throat, was determined to do his share
:f the shoveling. Ile had very thin
mnoccasins on his feet, and during the
lay, as there was a warm wind, they
6yere wet through. Ile never expected
to see England again,but that one day's
bvork cured him effectually. Other per
ions suffering from throat and lung af
rections have not since been troubled.
Dne would suppose the conditions were
lust those to provoke Illness, but the
very reverse was the case.
To the mistress of a home, if she has
a true devotion to housekeeping, the
kitchen -has quite as profound. an in
lerest as the parlor, and to some a much
:leeper one. Over two-thirds of the
women in the world spend about four
liths of their life-time ini the kitchen,
und there is no greater mistake than
stinting the kitchen furniture for some
ther part of the house. The kitchjen
ihould be light and large--but not too
large, It should be cheery in tone, and
sonvenient in the relative arrangements
of Its sink, pantry and dresser, work
bable and cooking apparatus. The
work-table shoul not be mounted upon
casters, because these little rollers make
It unsteady, and some kinds of kitchen
work demand a steady table. It should,
however, be made to move tvithmout too
great an effort of muscle. For the
woman who does her own cooking, a
white marble oilcothm cover will prove
pseful; but wvherp there is strength to
keep Iti clearb, a biqre table is preferable
!or many reasons.
hde tub, if placed permarnently,
olbenear a window, bqth1 for light
and air, and the sink should have shgni
lar consideration given it, if possibile.
It is seldom easy tq give both $he Iain -
dress and dish-washer ia perfect light,
and whien it Is not, permit th~e laundry
to have preference.
The floor should be of hiard wood, and
not carpeted. Where a woman does
her own housework, she may feel the
need of a carpet, with bits of oilcloth
upon it here and there whore it is most
exposed; but If a hard, bare floor is at
tainable, it is the cleanest and most
wholesome for the kitchen. If' it have
two or three coats of oIl brushed over It
at thme beginning, It will take a darker
tone and prevent drops of oil from heed
less cooking- spoona trom becoming dis
agreeably conspicuous. And besides,
an oiled hard wood or white pine floor
is as easily washed as an oilcloth, 'is
much more durable, and is not so cold.
If the hard floor is beyond reach, then
an oilcloth is the next best article for
its surface. In choosing this cloth do
not huy a chan qaity, beause it I
0t, an eoromic lhthingto ]
naterial, with small an4
lgures upon,it, and'of 4
ieither too dark Aiqr 'yet
)e the pretiest and, the
If possible, get the oileooth4 s
e narrowest part oftthO e
.il tlo pieces that are out, p.
tig It to the outlip0 qf't
iafe also a fe* extrase
vill befound useful'lat o
A tourist in Paragua a 1
Looked out of my cati n
,hat we were tied up at
wharf that I ever saw, ai U
t large, barn-like building, Utd
ilream that we were atSU bil
going on deckgftund that was
he custom house for ' and
%at when we went ashore W-were in
bhe city.of -he republica inc O*it A
very nice little city we fou U A6o be.
Not that it is pretty or pret tJ1us,, or
worth visiting-but it Is an eiterpri
lng, go-ahead place. Most qf the houi
4e are small and old, and' are built
without any regard to be6ng on the
Atreets. ' You cannot imagiho a more
Irregular assemblage of honps,,but.the
synmetry with which the )pblic build.
ings are built offsets this. N0he Prel.
lent's house, government huse, ge
nal, barracks and custom, honse stand
on wide boulevards and,witi thieexcep
Lion of the latter, are as well built as
the similar buildings in any American
city of the same rank. The word "as
uncion" you know, is not Spanish for
"ascension,"as we used to believe when
school-boys, but for assumption, and in
Lhe case of the Paraguayan city is well
bestowed, for it is not often in South
America that there can be found a city
that is more assuming politfdally, soci
ally and generally. Appropriations are
voted by Congress and that body also
flxes the salaries of the offillips. The
President receives $6,000, the Vice
President, $3,000; the Minbitry, $1,500;
Congressmen, $500, and the Judges or
the Supreme court, $i50. The popula
tion is about 300,000, and what is also
strange about it is that there are only
about 30,000 men, and 270,000 women.
Of course, tlf ,males are the farmers,
producers ,.<f' laborers. .They work
slavishl.: -'nd are very poor. While
the men sit at home atd drink and
smoke, they indefatigAblyi til and sup
Minnebota's coney Aslaud.
A correspondent Informs us that
Lake Minnetonka is rapidly becoming
the "Coney Island of Minnesota," so
popular is it in the summer season. In
winter, too. the lake has its sports
that of flshjng through the ice, though
it Is rather a business than a recreation,
as will be seen by the following notes
by a St. Paul reporter.
"The fiaherman imakes a good deal of
monloy, all the way fronm 63 to $10 a
day, and moreover his business is of so
much interest to him that he would
continue to follow it even if the profits
wvere much less. The scribe fell in
with one who had been at Minnetonka
for twenty years. In succesion.- He
wvould be completely at a loss without
his winter occupation. Hie told the
reporter that a few years ago a Minne
apolis fish dealer was accustomed to
visit the lake daily and drive Into Min.
neapolis with all hie could -buy of the
different fisherman, Hie bought and
disposed, of fifty tons in the course of
one wlnter'. Pickerel are caught In the
greatest abundance. some bass are
also speared, and occasionally croppies.
They find a ready market. There is
another method of catching 'fih In
wvinter not quite so comfortable to the
fishlerman, but which yields a good re
turn. Forty or fifty holes are cut in
the ice, ahd at each 'of -these holes is
placed a forked stick. One prong holds
the fish line and to the other is attached
a small red flag. One man can gener
ally attend to aifty of these holes. The
moment lhe sees one or the flags go
dlown he rushes to the spot- and' gener
ally has the pleasure of pulling out *4
pickerel, it sinetim~es. makes things
lively for him and more flags go don
than he eag atten~d to. BuLt $1le hlhal*.
itants mAbout the shore of the lake liook;
on all tihis wvith disfavor.' They' want
to preserve the game of the water tto
attract summner visitors.
ils Teo at the Wpine tone,
Miss Mary Tee, daughter of Gen.
Lee, was among the guests at the
White H-ouse at a reception there. In
her conversation with the President she
said that was her first visit to the
White house since Mr. Linchanah~ occu
pied it. The President replied that he
supposed she would be a frequent vis
itor ini the near future. To that her
response was, "But you see, Mr. Pres.
idlent, that I have begun those ^yisits'
b~efore the next administration has corn
knenced." She was initroduced to G*en.
Sheridan, who spoke in the kindest and~
most familhar terms of! "Custis," her
brother. .She was also introduced to
Bearetary Chandler, but had little to
say to him. G*en. Blutler, was present,
but she was not introduced to him;,
though if she had been she would have
found him the ulost gallant man of the
Lot. :She was treated with nmagked con~
siderationi by all to whom she was in
troduced.
is QW. c'onerning his
t ys - .'I6 Story, Of his jourhe.
4 ohemia IWotGcouise- iput% fable,
y one o*~no ety early
r efpr his death
e ~ ~ ~ ~ 9 Wr aINln edason to
dodot ) pe ,Urban, who
VP hiS refug at liples repeated the
6' - tofi Pe Gregory's -death
er euiory.. The langiage
per called a-Letter
wich is a declaration
t'b elifof dheienoe tohis impugned.
aWtio held to decide the
~ am.. was ai
own erso ,,
6194) good-will go, to the pope.
But God has needed me to the contra-.
iy,'aidttught mo to obey God mor'e
tban ma" Atract by. Wiclif "On
.FrivolonCitations," however contains
a Plssag which -can. hardly be inter
preted otherwise than as a- personal
refrefeb. "Thus saith one who has
been cited before this Court who is
lame and feeble, that a royal prohibi
tion preventS him from going, because
the King of kings obliges and strongly
wills him not t& go." It should be re.
-membored, then, in honor of Richard
'II, that he refused to give up his
great dubject to the ender mercies of
the aeris,. Already, as this passage
implies, Wiclif felt that he had fallen
into the hand of a Higher Power. In
truth he had been a paralytic for two
years before his death. On. Innocent's
Day (December 28), 1384 -not, as his
adversaries joyfully asserted, on the
festival of St. Thomas a Becket (De
cember 29), "against whom he had
grievously offended by hindering men
from going on pilgrimage to Can
terbury"-he was smitten by a new
stroke, while hearing mass in his
chirch at Lutterworth. - Three days
afterward he died, His remains were
left in peace, till, in cons'equence of the
anathema pronounced by the Council
of Constance thirteen years previously,
about the year 1427 zealous hands tore
his bones from thliir resting-place, re
duced them to ashes, and cast these in.
to the river. Full r's eloquent com
parlson of the spread of Wiclif's doc
trine to the dispqrsion of his ashes is
well xnown; and it is true that while at
home the spirit f conservatism foster.
ed at once by. otery and by policy,
prevailed over his influence, his teach
ing wasM. spreJj.t1o foreign lands,
whence-it was to return to England
-above all through the medium of that
academical life in which his activity
had found its earliest sphere.
About Barno.
The breeder of fie cattle who has a
fine barn to keep them in should make
a careful study of that barn. No barn
ever built was entirely perfect, and you
may depend upon it that yours is not.
You will probably be astonished, when
you come to study the matter over, at
the number of improvements your barn
Is susceptible of. The best way to find
the faults is to go into the stable when
the thermometer is ranging about zero,
and note how thie cows look. If they
are standmng straight with their hair
lying down, and look comfortable and
contented, you may have to look very
closely to find any fault with their slur
roundings; but if they are tread ing~
about in their stalls, their coats stare,
or they are the least humped up with
the cold, you can make up your mind
that you atre losing milk and flesh at a
foglish.rate, and you had better go to
work to put up temporary screens to
keep the wind off until you have times
to make more permanent Improvements.
Then; about turning the cows out to
water when the weather is bitter cold;
that, too, is a foolish' and a wasteful
practice. Devise some plan to got water
to the cows in the stable.' If you have
some dry stock and young things, and
there are too many head to carry water
to them all, then turn ont the young
sters and dry cows; andi carry water to
the uilkers. When yo gato the house,
sit dcoi Std study "p some way to rem
0ely the eyil of having to turn the cattle
o4t. Again, at night4 go out andi see if
all the cows are lying down comforta
bly, You may find that one cow is
badly adapted to the stall she is in,'and
by turning matters around a little, two
aniins1imay be made comfortable where
they were both In distress before. There
are many things of- this kind that can
only be discovered by constant attend
anice at the barn, and remedied by long
study and many suggestions, This,
-bowever, is the season for study with
the farmer andi the stock-grower, and
all his plannings should be done during
these long *inter evenings. Read usp,
study up, observe and think. That is
the best work in winter.
Libraries.
There are j ust ten libraries in Amer
10a whidh contain over 100,000 books.
and Philadelph'Ia furnished two of them.
The Washington Library has 350,000
volumies, the Boston' Public Library
829,86 , Hlarvard College, 277,700, As
tor Library 208,299, Yale College 161,
000, Mercantile (New York), 160,000,
LheMercantlle (of Philadelphia), 195,
660, tb9 Congressional Library 125,000,
the .Bositon Athenseum 108,000, and
the Library -Comnany or Philaelpia
otw Oorao'n(Aos toI Miout,
t wins hl.tlie' Sui~nner of 1881 that
the.Malidi 'first called the faithful to
arms. RtaoUti Pasha, GoVrnor of
Khaitoum' ordered. him to come to
him, and as he iefused sent; a ifttaj1on
to enforce his, commends. These the
PIrophet Out to pisO . and two other
argites besides. Then he seized E1
Obeid, he capital of ICordofati, while
his Lieutenhnt, Osmia Digna, n4mented
the troubles on the shores of the Red
Sea, and A:abt Pasha did Jiskbest to
help. . Finally the Mahdi's ' power
threatened. Jigypt, and the English had
to take aot404v measurs' to quell the ie
190 aeiGdn knowii in
Gordon iwsi, hadlruled ie -, Soill
from *874. t.1870, and was said to have
a project of establishing himself ther6
as an independent ruler. - This might
not have been absolutely distasteful to
the En'glish, as the Soudan took a gieat
deal of manufactured goods from them.
At any rate they resolved to abandon
it themselves as entailing too much ex
pense to the . Egyptian treasury, and
Gordon was entrusted with the task of
withdrawing the Egyptifn garrisons,
and of restoring the deposed Sultans, a
sum of X40,000 being allowed him for
expenses, with ?60,000 more in pros
pect. Gordon, on his arrival at Khar
toum, the capital of the Soudan de
stroyed all the records of unpaid taxes,
the whips and rods which bad main
tained Egyptian supremacy, but this
humane act ho offset with a proclama
tion restoring domestic slavery. But
the chief thing was to conciliate the
Mahdi, and to him he offered the Emi
rate of Kordofan. The bribe was re
fused by the wily prophet, who sent his
armies to beleaguer the city. Gordon's
means of escape were. abundant. He
had several steamers by which he ob
tained supplies in -addition to the
already large quantities stored in Khar
toum; lie could also use them from the
time of the rise of the Nile, about the
first of June till its subsistence about
the fifteenth of September, to withdraw
his soldiers southward to Gondoroko,
and Uganda, then westward down the
Congo Into the territory of the Inter
national Society. In spite of these fac
ilities Gen. Gordon persisted in re
maining in Khartoum, although he had
failed in his mission there, and the in
ference drawn has been that he prob
ably thought it possible to establish
himself as an independent sovereign.
The city of Khartoum, which would
be the capital of this possible prin -
pality as it is of the Soudan, is the
chief trade emporium of the whole!
country, and is built on . a barren,
stoneless and wide plain, on the west
bank of the lue Nile, and about a
mile above its junction with the White
Nile. A line of earthworks forms the
fortifications on the outside of the
town propei, with the additional pro
tection of a ditch 15 to 20 feet deep on
the left bank of the Blue Nile, and
another, somewhat lower, immediately
at the back of the town as a protection
against the overflow of the White
Nile. Small plantations of date p'alms
and plantaikns, and vegetable gardens,
which pay no taxes, are scattered In the
vicinity; but, with the exception of the
river banks, the country is bare and
treeless. Tihe hot season, from A pril
till the middle of November, is severe,
averaging 900 in the shade. T1he rainy
season lasts from the middle of July to
the middle of September, but is irregu
lar, there beiing sometimes no rain at
all. The cold weather begins about
the middle of December and lasts till
the middle of February, the thiermome
ter going down as low as 460 in June,
July, October and November typhoid
fevers and dysentery are very preva
lent. The resident, population is esti
mated at. about 50,000, of which two
thirds are slaves. There is also a float.
ing population of about 2,000, consist
img of Europeans, Syrians, C'opts,
Turks, Albanians anel a few .Jows. T1he
Mohammedan religion is the general
creed, and in politics they side wvith the
strongest, being intensely corrupt.
Except the manufacture of miats, cot
ton cloths, a rope made from palm
learves, 'and some, tiligree silver work,I
there Is no manufacture worth speaking
of. The ho~uses are ,nostly of sundried
brick, and to- prev~nt them crumbling
away during the rains, they are every
year plastered over with dung before
the rainy season commences, a process
which no doubt occasions a great deal
of Illness. The town being very low,
there is no drainage, and in the rainy
season the place is full of water and it
is almost impiosslble to move about. As
there is no stone throughout the whole
district, the streets are full of dust dur
ing the Summer and mud during the
rains. Nearly all the Government em
phoyes, and native traders are secret
yartisans of the Mahdi, in the hope
that he, will re establish the slave
trade, and this may be the key to
Gordon P'ashia's restoration of slavery
when he took possession of Khartoum.
The calm or agitation ot our temper
does not depend so much on thle import
ant events of life as on an agreeable or
disagreea~ble adjustment of little things
which happen every day.
What you are doing for love y'ou can
do no longer for mere gain. The higher
motive drives out the lower.
They truly mourn that mourn with,
out a witness.
We rarely confess tit we deserve
what we sufier.
Trees that nevar ?raw~.nia.-tz...
NEWS IN BUEF.
-Buffalo, despite her proxwtv to
Nlagara, in threatened by a water -
ine.
-Birmingham, .igland, -has the
greatest button tr e of any city in -the
world.
-Over '5000 N rthern school teach.
erS have visited the New Orleans expo
aition . -
' -1n 1884, 218 Itew, York men mar-.
r10d, under 20 yepra of age and 2,919
Women.
A ilent ,igyptian idol sold at! .,
auction in New York recently for Seven
dollara.
-Thuilnest winos-are made from the
grapes tbat are grown at the higliest el.
evation.......
d.iosf ian brides aiu- c'upeled toflivo
their eyebrows shaved off previ6us to
marriage.
-Congressman Rosecrans' son Is a
Catholic priest and his two daughters
are nuns.
--Electoral messengers to Washing
ton received $8468.50 and traveled 33,
874 miles.
--A tramp is said to be the impor
ter of the small-pox now raging in
.Thomson, Ga
-A necklace composed of 71 orna-.
mented pearls brought ?3200 at a recent
sale in London.
-Fifty-eight per cent.- of the power
exerted in driving the propeller of a
steamship is lost.
in Southern California the pomegran
ate flourishes as it does In Italy or in
the Holy Land.
-A cremation society has been
formed in Buffalo with a capital of ten
thousand dollars.
-There was an interval of nearly 4
years between the last two marriages In
Haverhill, N. H1.
-A garden seed war is hovering over
Athens, Ga., and In consequence prices
have been reduced.
-There are seventy-eight women
studying medicine at Paris, thirteen of
whom are Parisians.
-There are 6,239.958 persons In the
United States above the age of 10 who
cannot read and write.
-Eggs, in some parts of Montana,
are reported to command ten cents each
or a dollar by the dozen.
-Australia boasts of a cave larger
than the Mammoth Cave of Kentucky.
It is called the Genolan.
-Four hundred omnibuses pass a
given point in London every day, . ac.
cording to a recent computation.
-In Thibet one woman may have
two three, or even four husbands, but
never more than the last number.
-For sixty-six years a boatman at
Newport, R. I has been in the employ
ot the United States Government.
-*"The juveniles have ben thought. of
in Montreal, and tobqggau slfded& fox
their enjoyment have been prepared.
-The Prince of Wales has expended
$1,000,000 on his Sandringham proper
ty, exclusive of the purchase money.
-Six brothers who reside in Wal
palk township, N. J., aggregate 37 feet
in height and 1300 pounds in weight.
-A young man of New Haven,.
Conn., has a collection of 7,000 birds'
eggs, embracing nearly 2,000 varieties.
--According to a Montreal paper
more fires orcurred on Friday in that
city during 1884 than on any other day.
-For publishing a translation of one
of Zola's novels a Dresden publisher
has been sent to prison for one month.
-Complaints of the dearness of the
New York "cheap" cabs are trequent
ly written to the newspapers of that
city.
-A young lady acts as sexton of a
Lawrenceville, Ga., church,and is said
to be the only one of, that sex In the
State.
--Russia will not build the projected
net work of railways throughout Siberia
just at present, owing to a lack of
funds.
-What is claimed to bo the only bent
wood factory in the United States has
been established at Charleston, South
Carolina.
-Senator-elect Leland Stanford was
a student in Cazenovia Seminary with
Joseph IR. Hawley and Henry WV. Sk
cum In 1884.
-Signor Rotoli, one of the most pop.
ular- musicians in Rome, will presently
come to this country to 1111 a professc:
ship in Boston.
-Several var-ieties of birds have ap
hear-ed along the sea coast of (Calfornia,
which were niever known before to leave
the monntains..
-The eidier duck (lees not take her
young into the ocean, as is generally
suipposedl,but remains with them among
the islands along the coast.
--Orville D). Baker,thoenew Attorney
Gemneral of Maine, a Bowvdoin graduate
of '68, was an extraordinary good first
baseman when at college.
-James C. Jamison, the new Adju
tant General, of Missouri, was a "For
ty-niner" in California, and a follower
of Walker in Nicaragua,
-T wenty Parisian d ueliats are organ
izing a club under the name of La
Flamberge, whose members must all
have fought at least one duel.
-The editors, bookkeepers, type..set
ters, collectors and agents of the Free
rnwn, the colored organ published in
N' ow York, areo all colored men..
--An Iinqiana husband has been seal
dod eighty-one times with hot tea by his
wimfe, and has now comne to the conclu
clusion that he is entitled to a divorce.
--An English lady, Mi-a. Hayward,
has been engaged as professor of elocu
tion in the Cincinnjatti Law School,and
the innovation has beeni received with,
favor.
'-Cheshire, Mass,,bas two large bald
eagles, which have thoilr nest high up.
on the side of a rocky cliff. 'The hun'
te and citizens generally, with a sense
,oriesnd patriotism, leave them un
-Christopher Bleckett D~enison has.
come prominently forward in London '
society as a man who has spent $1 250,
000 in works of art, and who isready to,A
draw his check aniy day for any Bpxbons,
that Clrki~Jocan oSer.