-TEL-WEEL EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C.9 JULY 19, 1881.ESALHD 8.
NEAR AND DEAR.
0 near ones, dear ones I you, in whose right itad
Our own rests calm; whose faltiful hearts al
day
Wide open wait till back from distant lanis
Thought, the tired traveler, wenids ie hionkewar
way
Ilelpinates and heartinates, gladdeniers of gon,
years,
Tender companions of our yriousi dys,
Who color witn our klase, sles nti tears
Life's warm web woven over wonted ways.
Young children and ol neighbors andt old frientl
oldi servants-yoiu, whose munlling circle small
Grows slowly sinaller till ait last It endis
Where In one grave Is room enoughi for all.
O shut the world out f rolin the heart you cheer I
Thtough smuall the circle of your smiles mnay. be,
Thte worldi 1s distant and your siles are near,
Titles takes you niore thtan aill tile world to ine.
'TWvO NEGATIVES.
"'No, I won't I"
June Egbort's bright, coquettish fact
was aflato with anger, her black eyel
sparkled dangerously, and her thin lip.
trembled with oxcitement, whilo Leigl
Sargent only laughed at low, musica
laugh that grated upon her irato sensi
bilitiesi with redoubled foreo its th
liandsoie eyes shone down upot her
and he made no movement to chaitge hi
position of protecting ownerrhip.
You will some day, little girl. I an
sure I have not loved you in vain. I
Oven think you care a little now, thougl
you won't forgive ime."
You tire indeed mistaken," spitofull:
returned June, standing very erect, ant
looking still as angry as she could wit
that pleading look fastoned upon her,
I don't love you, and I refuso nios
mihatically ever to bo your wife. ]
hope that is- sufficient," and she paused
to note the offect her words had.
Leigh turned a trifle paler.
You do not mean it, love. Oh,
June, be true to yourself ; tWll me tht
truth ; do not lot a feeling of angor ant
pride divide you front a love that is m
strong as life itself. Forgive me, June,'
and she was drawn close to him, and I<
could feel her tremble, '' and you shah
never havo cause again to doubt."
One instant of hesitation, then Juna
released herself.
"That will do," she said haughtily
I mtean what I said."
"Very well," returned Leigh, quit(
icily now. " I will leave you to attair
a differont frame of mind, and will sa.)
good-bye. I shoul havo gone t4
N two hours since."
" For how long ?" queried June, witli
new interest.
For ant indofinito time," cate th
answer ; " a case needs my attention al
once."t
"lBut I thought, I anm sure Myra lai(
you had two months' vatatiol," sai
June.
"Oh, no, I should have gono baci
long since. I dallied becauso, you knom
why," glancing down fondly, " bui
if-"
"How do you go?" interupted hif
Companion.
"I shall rido Ned. It is but a shori
trip, and he is my favorite saddle horso.
Not Black Ned ?" Miss Eghori
looked anxiously up at Leigh Sargent
Who bit his moustached lips to hido somt
emotion.
"Yes, why not ?" io queried.
Oh, nothing," the old nonclthalati
returning, "only one hates to see f
friend killed through more careless.
ness."
Do you care ?"
The query was so hasty that all June'
color flashed up, but she veiled her eyoe
with. drooping lids, saying only
Do just as you pleaso," and with ai
exclamation of disgust Leigh left her a
the piazza of her sister Myra's homte,
and half an hour later dashed away or
Black Ned.
T'o explain, Miss Egbert and Mr. Sar.
gentt seemed doomed to quiarrel. 01 hat
a treaty of peace had beent adopted for
short timo, but Leigh had seriouisl'
offended her. Hfad hto. not flirted out
~gaously wvithi Sadie Bermiinghiam, driv
inig with her past their home inl 1h<
mnootnlighit, and saying all sorts of sill
things, 1non1 knoew what, because she
Juine, would ntot atnswer his straighitfor
wvard, mnanily questioni :" Cta you learl
to lovo e ?"
Yes, she was seriously offetnded sI
told herself, and anger with her tman1
spiteful, freakish moods anid the aility
to bear unitol misery herself for. th
satko of puisinltg the offender.
There was a guilty pang at her heart
as shte thought of her falsehood to Leigh
alt utterable loneliness as she thought c
htimt goito to conic back nto mote. Teast
her lie did, to be sure, but was lie nto
tentder and genttle to her, though a trifi
masterful, for which shte had loved htimt
wvomtanliko, the more. The tears almtos
citmto, but Junto was a ~detetrmined aton:
of hutmanity, as heroic ias she was daint;
and1 lovable, anid alto putt the though
thmat site had dlone wrotng resolutol;
away.
Ant hour later the dusk wais settling
over till the world. With a faintt cr;
SJune r~ecognmi'zed a foaming, ridlerles
black steed comeC (lashing up the roadl.
"'It's Ned!'' was all she could say inll
low whispor to herself, as shte cr(1pt ou
to the omnd of the green lawni and sobbei
out htor first grief. A little liater, thm
voice shte loved reached her car-a voie
shte had thought never to hear again.
".June, darilng," it said, wvhile stroln
atm 11entcircled her, "' wero you alarmed
nelie why you are here ? Ned thtrm
mne antd escaped, and I htad to wath
b~ack," atnd twvo boatrded lips presse5(d hm
tiremiulous ones5.
In amn intaant, feeling him safo, tihe 01,
shyness hiad roturnted. Slipping from
his embrace site ran without stopp1inl
till site reached her own door, whli
L'uigh with a smile roturned to his hote:
going in the mtoring to his wyork with
chcorfuilness none1 could account for.
Later the sumer hiad faded. Th
chilly (lays of late aitutonn hung over~ th
little village. Leigh Sargent, whlo ha
come up for a few (hays, ondteavoredh I
graiit Miss Juno the opportunity t
nlnish their abridged quarrel.
" You've said enough," he laughed,
I at. " Come, June, you love me som<
a ter all, and you are going to h)o m
d ar little wife, arnt't you ?"
. "No I don't and I'm not I" decided'
re trned his dompanion, red wyith vext
.. j,.o"I tink you assum~e too mtu
altogether. In the face of both my
negatives you insist on believing I do
a not mean what I say, and think thait I
am going to marry you despite my
rofusals."
I"Yes, for your two negatives will
make an affiriativo. However, Juno, I
am going away for all time, and I will
not trouble you after to-day."
" So sooni? I thought you meant to
take a week," came the faint answer.
"So I did, but thero's nothing to keep
me here now, and I shall go."
With a sudden look downward, Leigh
for the fiftieth timo changed his mind. -
''June," 1e said impetuously, " look
at mc."
The dark oyes met his an instant, then
roved off agaim.
" Liston," he said, imporatively. f I
will stay if you wish it. Tell me if it is
anything to you wThether I do or not ?"
The small hands that Io had detained
for a moment woro pulled away. Miss
Juno was quite herself again. Coolly,
very calmly, site replied:
I Oh, yes, stay, if we can keep pece.
Wo have quarreled long enough. Still,
I the days are coolor, and it isn't so
fatiguing as it was ; besides every one
else is away, and we hardly soo ia soul.
Stay your vacation out," with a side
I gleam of mischief in the merry eyes.
She was not rewarded, however, by
vexation on her companion's part, though
he stopped suddenly.
t I will go this evening ; good by,"
lie said, extending his hand ; but dis
regarding it entirely, Miiss Juno said
saucily :
S"You will call and say good-by after
lunch."
Till then, good morning
Leigh registered a vow that afternoon
as lie pursued his way toward the home
of his lady-kive. Never had she'looked
i'ore lovely, lie decided; and June, with
a quick look upward, realized that some
thing was wrong. Without a word lie
crossed the room and took her in his
arms. "' J luo,i e said, firmly, " onc
bofore I held you hero, and I let you go;
this time I never will till you tell mue
decidedly that you do not lovo me ; that
you will not be mine, or until you kiss
imie, and proiiso to be my wife."
June trembled violently and sought to
escape.
" Myra will be hero inl ton minutes,"
lie went on, as lie oponed his watch to
note the flight of time.
" You won't keep in here ?" plead
ingly caie from Juio.
"Yes, I will."
Juno, look ill) ;" and laying a haud
beneath her chin, lie raised her faco till
his eyes hold her own. "I love you,
and I have a right to your answer. The
time is nearly gone," he answered soonI
iafter. "Myra will b hero in three
i miinutes."
No answer.
He watched the sweet face against his
breast, as the blushes roso and fell.
"Tell nie," lie murmured ; " I hear
her in the hall, and Burt is with her."
" Not really ?" queried June, ex
citedly.
'"Truly," came the calm answer.
" Oh, ploaso, Leigh,. lot me go."
"'Wheui you do what I wish," was his
deliberate reply.
4 Oh, dear I" I
The words were a hasty breath as
Juno heard the footsteps approaching.
'Two small hands were reached about
L Leigh's neck, and(] her lips touchod his.
"Yes, I do, I will."
''My darling !"
Her burning face was covered with
his kisses ; then she stood released just
as Myra and her husband entered.
Myra Howe wondered at the amicable
I silence that reigned, and Juno's frantic
bcolor, but she only laughed, "'Let us
r~ have peace," and sooni after left the
rOOmi.
Stranige to re'late, JTune amid Leigh are
-te most aimiale couple ini existence,
and she evenm laughs lightly with a blush51,
when Leigh inquiires teasingly if she
thinks an alirmative can 1be coiisidered
gained~ by two negatives.
-Somne are fishes ex treme(ly electrical.
1 T1hat of the (yninotus is the most pow
erful. In the upper Brazil country they
are used by the natives to facilitate the
b capture of wild horses. A herd is sur
rounided anid driven in the dlirectiomn of
Sthe stream or lake containing" the eels,
and into which the frightened aninials
t rush stamping on the fish, miany of
, which are as large as a mamn's leg and six
f feet in lenigth, that in defense throw ouit
their shocks of electricity, So) complletely
t bonunmbing the horses that they are
easily caught. Thle eels also exhaust
, teirpowrsandare cap~tured with
t comiparative safety, rallying again, how
Sover, ini a few hours. Hteat has been,
e volved and the electric spark obtained:
t from the fish. Notwithustandinig its
y' terrible power, there is a little parasito
fish, two or three inches in length, that
z preys uponi it, utterly oblivious t~o its
y' shocks. 'lThe best known electric fish
s however the torpedo-is amn inhabitant of
our own waters. Fishermen are often
a miade painfully aware of its presenico ini
t their nets, the shocks pass~ig up1 the
.1 hines, anid eveni following up splashes of
e wvater, andI giving the meni a violent
e shiook. One was throwvn docwn as quick
as if lhe had boenm knocked dlowni withi an
g axe. The largest specimens of torpedo
? found in our wvaters weigh nearly two,
v hundred pounids. To test the power of
k this fish a duck was p~laced over one that
r wvas confined in amn aquarium. It swam
arouind qluietly for a few momfenit4, and
a then suddenly became restive, darting
ni from side to sido in an orratie maimer,
g tryinig to) escape. Its dliscointure rapidly
e increased, as was showii by its gasping
I, aiid the flhuttering of thme wings. That
a only seemed to exasperate the fish to
further efforts and ini ton minutes fromi
e the tinme the duck was put ini the wvate'r
co it was taken out dead. A large sunnish,
d .wvhcn putt in thec tank, showed its terror
0 b~y endeavoring to leap from it, but,
o falling back, it was soon p)aralyzed by
the torpedo. Its battery, if it can be
it called such, occupies a position between
h, the skull anid the fins Onl each Ride. It
y is composed of a large number of upright
columns, each of wvhiich is covered and
y enclosed by an extremely thin mcm
i- branco. The great sea devil hs also said
h to possess electrin powe
A hne On The Knee.
Henry Archibald is a devoted fusher
mnant, not that he ever catches much o
any thing, but still he likes to take hii
pole and line, and go up along the Dela
ware during the long, warm Summe:
tlays and lay in the mellow sunshino an<
think what the old woman will may whet
hilie finds out he has gone off withou
iplitting any kindling. In this view o
the case he yestorday got out his hook
iad lines to look them over. He sat o
the wash-bonch by the hydrant 6njoyini
himself hugely whlen Mrs. Archibah
eamo out and made him bring her i
bucket of water.
While he was doing this, she picke<
ip a large bass hook to admire it, amn
aid it down again with the line scatter
Ing out in the yar4.
,Henry discussed the situation ii
Europo with Oxtoby, who was digging
Sarden on the other sido of the fence
mad thon sat down again to the contem
p)lation of his fnshing-tacklo. Pretty nooi
4I missed a book.
"Mother," no shouted, " wliat 'iinndei
Ihe sun did you do with my bass hook?'
" Bother your old bass hook," nai(
irs. Archibald, and .sho slapped th
tovo daimpor shut with eiphais
You've swallowod it, I reckon."
" You had it a miniiute ago ; you kiniov
you did. If a woman ever gets hoe
lands on a fellow's things, lie novoi
knows whero they are any more."
Mrs. A. came to the door and looke
tround acidly : 1
" What d'ye call this here ?" and pick
ig up the end of the line she gave it I
,vrathful jerk.
"Woopeol ouch! gonhl!!! shoot tin
fornal dog," yelled Henry ; and 1hi
waltzed frantically around nursing iii
ip pocket as tendorly as though ho hat
i live coal in it.
"Sake's alive! what's the matter witi
ho man!" and she gave the line anothe
bwiteh. " Found your old hook, hav<
you ?"
"Found it, you brimstono old torment
lon't you seo I've found it. Leggo
Loggo that line, I tell you, afore I pulvoriso
you. " -
" Now, Henry, I'd mako a fuss if
were you."
"Fuss the blazes. I wished you kiiov
liow it fools to have a fish hook jorket
Ahrough your heart.',
"'Well, you'd no business to mot dowi
n your heart, with fish hooks a-layiin
trouiid. "
" Don't be a fool now, will you, bu
ust pull this thing out, bofore it turni
bo lock-jaw."
" It'd take a wholo barrel of fish hooki
to lock your jaw. Come, givo ts a 0ho1
iero."
But the first pull she made brought i
Doiancho squawk from Henry, and thoi
Ahe amputated the adjacent cloth an<
got the butcher knife, whereupon Hour:
Atraightened himself up viciously.
" Look here, woman, I ain't no blame<
>ld han ; you don't slice me with tha
hing now, and don't you forgot it. Yoi
jist bounce that gal around for the
loctor suddenly, and you'd better ge
town on your marrow )ones and pral
ror me to recover afore I get mad too."
The doctor came, cut off the shatil
%nd pulled out the hook in half a iite
lid all the rest of the day Henry sat oi
t flax-sed poultice and one sidev of i
)hair, calling pople up to the front win
low to ask them what was good for i
bilo on the knee.
A Siameso Cremation.
The Princess Sun-an-tu-rhat, the favor
ite wife of the King of Siamln wa:
irowned, with her infant ' daughter
in the Tehoupraya River about a yea
igo. On tile 16th of March the biodies
which had been enmbahnled, were cremna
tedl at Bangkok.
No less thnu $300,000 have been ex
peinded in tile erection of a funeral pyr<
Lud ini gifts for distribiution. Th'le pyr<
was erected some1( 300 yardls from th<
Lasternl shore of the T1chioupraya River
inside1 of the city walls, and within
atone's throw of the p~alaco. The mnaii
builinig in which the remains wor<
burned is a large frame wvork, built (3
teak timber, aifter tile style of Buddhis
architecture. The ground form is tha
>)f a cross, the main body 200 feet il
length and tile transverse arms 140 fee
in length. 'The roof is sixty feet fron
the grounld. From the conutro risen
pagoda, the top of which in 166 foe
froml the ground. Baniboo, split, is in
terwoven to form thle wvalls, and1( thisi
'overed within and withocut with gildet
4loth anad paper. The structulre, as comn
pl(etedl, from a distance, has a very sub
tantial look, aid wvhen tile rays of th,
tropical sun are reflectedl from its gilde:
walls anad roofs, piagoda and spire,i
presenlts a (dazzlinug and'beautiful appear
ince. Thousuands of squaroc yards (3
gold leaf are used ini overlaying th
building-he it remembered, however
that this building is not burned, and th
gold leaf may 1)0 stripp~ed off and~ used
again. Ini the centre of thin main huiild1
ing, under the paigodla, is erectedl a mag
ifi cent catafalqjue, p)rofusely decorate<
anud orinenlted wvith all thle deviie
which pagan art could( cn gest. Ti'
was overlaid with a coverii to protee
it from tile fire. Upon the topl we
plIaced the collin containing the remainm
wvhich was surround~edl by fagots of fra
grant wood.
Th'le ceremonies began on the 10th c
March by the solemn transfer of th
goldein urn, contiiniig the charred bmone
of His Majesty's illustrious father to bi
p~laced b~y the funeral pyre. Onu the 15it
many of the foreigners p)aidl a visit (
condolence to his Majesty. The conusi
lar corps,'foreign residents and strangm
were invited to asnembl le oni the afternoo
of the 16th to witness the cremnatiom
At 3 P'. Mi. His Majesty, the first king
arrived, followed by his brothers an
relatives of the dleceasedl Princess, TIli
royal party immiedhiately entered t11
building and arranged themselves ahoi
th-e catafal quo. .After a hush of a fo
moments H in Majesty, the first kingf
lighted the fagots of fragrant wood, an
lain brothers following, threw their offo:
imngs of figrant sand~al wood on tli
flames. Light clouds of inconise-ilade
smoke filled the building, and in a she:
time the bodies were reduceed to a fe
charred bonies amnd ashes. His Majest
then retiredl and the company returne<
somn to their homes. but more tn witnoj
the sports and display of fireworks.
These latter were exceedingly beautiful
and interesting. For ton consecutive
nights, with but one intermission,. our
eyes feasted, from 7 until 9 1-. mI., on the
varied and brilliant fireworks. Great
rockets, with blazing falls, were sent up
as high as 500 feet. Huge, writhing,
fiery serpeuts would flash for a moment
and vanish in the gloom ; blazing birds
would lea) out from som dark corner
and skim hither and thither, while others
were made to truinpet as elephants.
Rows of trees, whose limbs were spurts
of flane, were to be seen, and many
others too numerous to mention. The
fireworks were preceded by sports of
different kinds, 'such as fonts of horse
manship, acrobats, boxing, men drosscd
to represent fabulous animals, jugglers,
the Lotus or plantom - danco by night,
and both Chinese and Siamese theatres.
During tihe entertainment each day
limes, a species of the lemon, conttiming
small silver coins and also tickets to a
lottery, were scattered freely among the
spectators. Many beautiful prizes were
drawn by both natives and foreigners.
Tle Buddhist priesthood were the
principal gainers by this cremation. One
hundred thousand dollars were distribu
ted in gifta to these gentlemnon of the
yellow cloth. This was done to 'make
merit," with the hope that sione might
reach the spirit of the dead Princess
Sun-an-ta-rhat, as she' wanders through
the long travail of births and deaths that
awaits her before she can find rest.
When the crematory ceremonies were
over, the ashes and a few charred hones
were tenderly gathered and placed in a
golden urn prepared to receive them.
This urn was made almost entirely of the
dead Princess, and a smaller one recoived
the remains of the royal babe. All that
love and skill could devise and execute
were wrought in gold anld precious stones
to embalm the dust of the loved dead.
Jewelers' Frauds.
An expert in the watch mnking busiuss,
recently said that quantities of "filled"
watches were made, many of which were
undoubtedly sold as genuine articles. Such
a watch-case was manufactured of very
thjn layers of gold, with a layer of base
metal between, the whole being "sweated"
together. Really 'it was simply a gilt
watch, bnt it would last for ten years be
fore the surface was w'orn through, and
was Innocent enough when sold for what it
was. In the hands of unscrupulous dealeis
however, it was very dangerous. An ex
pert could readily detect its character by
the color and weight, as well as bythe use
of acids, but with any ordinary customer
it would easily pass for gold. Such a watch
case, worth some $28, would in genuine
gold be worth $60 to $70. As there was no
hope of getting any legislation in this cour
try which would guard against the per
petration of the frauds in question, this
gentleman declared that only one way re
mained for the public to protect itself in
the matter. This was, for every purchaser
of a gold watch to demand a written certi
ficate from the manufacturer that the case
was "of solid eighteen-earat gold through.
out.'' When private customers generally
insisted upon such certificates, the retail
dealers and jobbers wolild require them
fr .m the makers, who would, of course,be
held legally responsible for the correctness
of the guarantee.
. He said that frauds similar to those prac
tised in watch-cases ran through every line
of jewelry and gold-work. The standard
fineness of watch-chains was in this country
fourteen carata, behig'tWo cearats less than
in England, as the lower grade was harder,
and wore better. Yet it was now extreme
ly dificult to find a genuime fourteen-carat
chain sold as such assaying more than
twelve carats. Fiequently the swivels of
the chainis were stamnpedi fourteen carats,
thereby leadling to the false bedeuf that, the
chalis wvere so manufactured and sold even
by firms of good reputation, and t~hat, re
t ailers, who bought, theum from jobbers,
were often deceived as wveli as their cuse
tomuers. In this matter, as in regard to
watch cases, the exaction of an explicit
written guarantee was the only method of
protecting the p~urchiaser. "illed" andi
plated chains were usually sol upon their.
merits, andi chiefly in time ruder parts of
tht, country.
Thousands of wedlding rings, he said,
were annually manufactured, fifed with a
brass wire run through the center of the
'circlet, and stamped with a device resem,
bling an eigrhteen.carat quality mnark,
There was no0 doubt that these were sold
as gold, and many of themi at little leas
than the legitimnate price of gold. In the
manufacture of fancy gold neck-chains, tor
ladies' wear, it was necessary that the
links should be made hollow in order to
give themn the proper dega cc of elasticity.
iIen(: they were spun over a copper n in
which was afterward, by honest makers,
t enmirely dlestroyed by the use 01 a s~r,>ng
- acidl. It was now a common practice,
f however, to rise a solution of acid, which
3 crumbled away only parts of the wire and
,left, little &oegments of copper to Increase
3. the weight of the chaIn. Probab-y mine
tenths of the hollow-lhnk chains, whIch
were sold to dealers by neIght, contained
- more or less of this copper filling. Cameco
I rings of unadulterated gold were rarely o
ai tained by p~urchasers, the practIce being to
4 run a brass wire through thme "shank." or
t circlet, amnd frequently to Insert a thick
4 piece of 'brass at-the back of the stone, be
-sold as gold, were also frequently backed
,with brass, or were of silver, with a gold
f 9encer.
3Fair Wages.
c' A farmer asked a boy what lhe would
i work for him for, one year. TIhe farmer
fwas close at a bargain and the boy knew it.
-Says the boy, "I wIll work for you if
5 you wIll give ime one grain of corn for
n the first week, two greins for the second,
.four for the third, and doubling each
:, week until the fifty weeks or year Is out''
d "Good,'' salid tihe farmer. The boy began
e work and took one grain for the fi'set week,
e two for the second, four for the thIrd,
t BIght for the fourth, sixteen for the fifth,
wv thirty-two for the sixth. "Hold on,"
said the farmer, "you are taking too
'A many," "Not at all," said the boy, "I sim
e. but carrying out the contract." 'Tho far-mer
e began to figure how many grains the boy
n wouild take in fifty-two weeks, and to his
.t astonmshmeith ha found out that lie would
w I. eutithed to 1,465,598,257,408,808 graIns.
lie could never pay hIm, anid agreed to
[, give hnm faIr wages If ho would let him off
a from the contraet.
Extremity is the trier of mani's spirit,"
says Shakespeare, and "'hard times" are
just. as truly the triers of wonan's spirit.
It is so easy to keep It table well provided.
with ilivitiig and palatable viaitds if one
only has plenty of money, and can af
ford to buy the best of roasts, steaks,
filsh, fruits, &c., in seasoni ; but to ac
coiplisl tihe end without the llealls is
an undertaking that countless women
are struggling with, and that still more
ought to be engaged in for the benolit
of the family purse. From the fact that
the butcher sells his high-priced meat
first, even in neighborhoodw whero
"hard times" is th cry, and thost oil
the last of the route are unable to get
all occasional coice piece when company
is expected,is evidence that voiien have
not yet learned the fliu art of preparing
all inferior pico of meat into an inviting,
relisliablo dish; or if they do know, do'
not use the knowledge to any great ex
tent. We know tile task requires skill
and judgoeint, .but it canl he done, and
is. much more creditable than contract
ing debts that time imay reveal "'unable
to pay." A low-priced steak by long con
tinued hamimering, and then rolling ill
well sasoned flour before frying, will
b very tender, and retain its moisture
quite unlike the proverbial "fried leatil
or" of the American cook. Even plate
beef, thoroughly stewed and browned,
and a nice gravy made, is a dinner dish
fit for any ordinary earthly mortal. A
soup bone is a profitable and good in
vestment, if managed rightly. It should
be put over to boil early in tihe morning
in cold water, and boiled slowly. Any
tough piece of meat by thin plan cani be
boiled thoroughly tender, picked from
tile bones, seasoned and . pressed and
thus bo made into a charming tea or
lunchdiish. "That a truel woiii looketli
well to the ways of her household," is
as mnucll a gospel truth to-day as in the
days of King Solomon; she will endeavor
to ume econoiy and thrift ini all her
labors and expenditures as long i these
virtues are a family necessity; and woe
botido the mni who possesses such a
wife if lie fails to honor and confide in
her, and to "give her of the fmit of her
hands."
Rack Rent.
"What is rack-rent, dad ?" inqiuired a
young-Coinstoekbr who had been read
ing tile news from Ireland.
The patient parent laid down the
stock list and replied :
"Do you know how much I charge
Mr. Boggarty for his room up-stairs ?"
'Yes, sir ; $12 a month."
"Well, now, suppose Mr. Boggarty
should take it into his head to have, at.
his own expense, new paper put oii tih
wall, the ceiling whitened iand all tile
furniture mended, tile room would look
a heap sight pettier, wouldn't it ?"
"Lor I" inmurmured the intelligent
boy.
"Woll, if the mlinuto Boggarty had
got all these improvements . made I
should go ill) and look around and smile
and jingle my mnoney in my pocket, and
renark :
"This is a pretty sort of a layout for a
single man, Boggarty, and you have al
together too soft a thing. Your rent
will be $20 a month hereafter." What
wvould you think of it?"
The innocent child giggled and said
"That would be leek, wouldn't it.,
dad ?"
"Bet your money on it, my boy," re
pliod the father, beaming kindly upon
his offsring. "That would be rack
renting Mr.AlI)ggarty, and if he kicked
and claimed tlhatall tile imlprovements
had beeni made by ll'l without costing
mel( a cent, and~ I should 'Lre iim ouit,
that would bo0 eviction. I will now,"
continued the parent, warming up,
"'briefly review tihe history of Ireland
for- the past 700 yeatrs. Whlen Brian
lBut hlis 5son had fled.
Old Shoes,.
You p~robabhly think that if you look
very sharply at an old shoe when you
throw it away, you wvill know it againi if
it over conmes back to you. But thatt
doesn't at all foilow. One of thlese (lays
you may buttonl your dress with all old
p~air of slippers. comb11 yourl hiaiir with a
hoot, 0or grasp ai cast-oil gaiter while at
your dinner. You doni't se) ho0w this
can bie? Weil, we'll tell you. Old shomes
are turned to account Iby mahnufacturers
in) thme following mannier: Th'ley are cuit
into very smnall pieces, and kept for a
coule( (if datys ini chloriide of suilphurw.
The effect of this is to make the leather
hard and brittle. Next the mnater'ial is
withdrawna from the actio n of the chiloridle
of Rulph1 ur, washeld wi th water and dried.
Wheni thoroughly dry it is grond to
powvderi, and( mixedl with s ~loeSulbStanceO
like glue or guma, that causes it hi adhere
together. It is thmein prcssed into molds
andi shaped iinto buttons, combs1), knife
handies, etc. So you see how it may
com~O to pass thlat you wvili comb your'
hair with a boot, ando faston your clothes
with a slippe~r.
Theo Low.Jtacked Car.
T'hat thoroughly Irish instiutionl, theC
low-backed car, was invented by an Itailian
picture-dealer, Mr Charles Bianconi, wiho
eatablished hinself as a dealer In works of
att at Clonmnel, in thme county of Tipperary.
somnewhero about the year 1680. Whmethmer
lie found that buying and selling iictures
was not thme samne thing-in Tipperary as 1mn
Lombardy and gave up thue art business ml
despair, has never bcen ascertalaed. Blanu
conii started the first public or "iong" car
bet ween Uloinmel andi CJhir in the year 18l5.
It, was not extensively patronized at first,
but the pgojector wvas not dlscoumraged, and
soon after hand a car rumnmg between Lim
erick and Thaurle-a more ambitious un
dlertakinlg. A service was then institumted
between GJalway and Cliifden, and at one
time iiis cars traveled ovor the greater pert
of Irelnud, runntting dlaily, It, is said, as
much as 8,600 IrIsh miles. In'the south
they liad nothuing to fear from the compe
tition of stage coachmes, and in the north
they often succeeded in knocking their ri
vals off the road, tihe traveling pubh~cshou.
In eydeciie preference for the vehui
ele fiom whieh they could escape wIth tile
greatest eane in cae of accidlaens
Tho Train Bell Rope.
In the early days of the railroad in this
country the locomotive nngincer was the
master of the train. le ran it according
to his judgment, and the conductor had
very little voice in the mattcr. Collecting
fares, superintending the loading and un
loading of freight and shouting "Ati
aboard!" were all that the conductor was
expected to do. Te Erie railroad wasi
then the New York and Erie Raihoat'. I
There was no rail connection with Jersey
City In 1842. Boats oarried passengers
from New York to Piernont-on-the.iludsen
which was then the eastern ternunus of the
road. Turner's, forty-seven miles from
New York, was as far West as the railroad
was in operation. One of the pioneer con
ductors of this road was Captain Ayres.
lie ran the only train then called for
between the two terminal points. It was
made up of freight and passenger cain.
The idea of the engineer, without any
knowledge of what was going on back of
the locomotive, having his way as to how
the train was to be run, did not strike the
Captain as being according to the propriety
of things. lle frequently encountered a
fractious passenger who insisted onl riding
witihout paying his fare. As there wits no
way of signaling the engineer, and the
passenger couhi not be thrown from the
train while it wis in motion, the conductor
in such cases had no c1oice but to let hil
ride until a regular stop was made. Captain
Ayres finally determined to institute a new
system it the running of trains. lie pro
cured a stout twine, sufficiently long, to
reach from the locomotive to the rear car.
To the end of this string next the engineer
lie fastened a stick of wood. lie ran this
cord back ovet the cars to the last one. Ile
informed the engineer, who was a cerman,
named Abe llammill, that if he desired to
have the train stopped lie would pull the
string and raise the stick, and would expect
the signal to be'6beyed. lamnmill looked
upon-this innovation as at direct blow at his
authority, and When the train left iierniont,
lie cut the stick loose. At Turner's lie told
Captain Ayres that lie proposed to run the
train himself, without interference from
any conductor. The next day the Captain
rigged up his string anl stick of wood
agai n.
"Abe," said Ie, "this thing's got to be
settled one way or the other tQ-day. If
that stick of wood is not on the end of this
cord when we get to Turner's you've got to
lick me or I'll lick you."
The stick was not on the string when the
train reached Turner's. The Captain pulled
off his coat, and told laimmill to get olf
his engine. Ilamunill declined to get off.
Captain Ayres climbed to the engineer's
place. Haminill started to jump off on the
opposite side. Thie conductor hit him tin
dier the car and saved hini the trouble of
jumping. That settled forever the question
of authority on railroad trains. Ilaninuill
abdicated as autocrat of the pioneer Erie
train, and the twine and stick of wood,
manipulated by the conductor, controlled
its management. That was the origin of
the bell-rope, now one of the most impor
tant attachinents of railroad trains. The
idea wits quickly adopted by the few roads
then in operation and the bell or gong in
tinic took the place of the stick of wood to
signal the engineer. Captain Ayrus con
tinued a conduc(tor on this road under its
different managers until lie was superan
nuated and retired on a pension a year ago.
Tu'amllitaig th1e Enigi shm ChannelI.
The work of tunneling the Enghish ChItin
nel is being steadily carried on under Col.
3cauimont in the Abbott's cliff near Folk
stone, Eng. What is called the trial tun
nel, which is circular and sevoii feet in di
ameter, is now being made. It has already
reached a length of 300 yards, and the
promise for success thus far seenis good,
and t e wateir which percolates through the
ckh',g. asily kept under ;lbut it has notI
iuch <ndien mtich if any belowv tihe tidle
level, anid whether or not any p)owerfulh jets
of water may get in frcmt subterranean fis
sures as the dlepith iicreatses reimainis to lie
seeii 'Triah shafts have been stink to a
coinsidierablhe depIt~h on both the l'.nglish and
French coasts, and there have been iio signs
of extraordinary ditlculty from that source.
Still the possibility of a (deel) fissure or
crack in mnid-chiannel lias been a good deal
commented upon. Unless that should'lbe
found, hiowever, the project, would sent
entirely feasible. '[hle chalk strata of
Englandl and France are geologically con
tinuous and the dip) of the bieds is towatrt
the east on both sidles of the channel. 'T'.e
lowermost portion, known its the gray
chalk, is more clavey than the rest of the
chalk foundation, andl is Imper-vious enough
to water to make perforation p~racticable.
'[he plan is to follow by a decsceiiingrtun
nel the natural dip of the gray chdik to
wardl Dover, until 200 feet, below the sea
bed, when the tunnel will lie drniven hori
zontally right across fromi shore to shore.
A similarly Inclined tunnel will rise along
the (lip of the st~rata on the French sie.
'Thle imethodl of work being pursued at
Abbot's cliff is to drill thme <hhlk by a circii.
lar dis8k of iron cutters, worked by a com
pressed air engine by a rhaft with bevel
wheel gearhng, the shaft and engine cx
tendling for a length of 30 feet. The cut
ting dhisk imakes two revolutions a minute
andi is fed forward a quarter of an Inch at
each revolution. 'rte (debris as received m
a large Iron trany, which Is hauled ,aek
every now and( then by a chaia worked by
an atixiliairy air engine. An advance of
about half an iinch a milnute is made over
the whole face of the boring.
It, is a very cuistomary thing to est Ices
after duiner ; those whose digestion Is iiot
strong shioid never touch Ices, andl should
avohld them most dletermmnedly. However
hot the weather may be, a too sudlden cool-l
ing process injures a weak digestion, and
creates a peculiar feeling of weight it the.
region of the stomach. Ices (do not en
courage the flow of the gastric juice, but
discourage it, and whtere thtis flow is alreadly
weak it must not be dhnilinishied. A great
wrong is comimittedl by the constant can
stimption of icedl amnd very cohld beverages
in hot, weather ; Instead~ of really cooling,
the reaction creates an irrilation which
atmos~t amounts to inflammation of the
wails of the stomflch, and does not allow
the natural flow of the secretion, which is
necessary for perfect digestion. It is
necessary to warn those who stiffer from a
weakened digestion against very cold foods
or drinks, because these bring about a
peculiar suffering and diminished vitality.
The temperature of the stomach has to be
maintained, and any sudden chili is fatal'
to It.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT.
Before you set about asking God's
>essilig, make sure that you have earned
t.
Great things are not accomplished by
(Me dreams, but by years of patient
tudy.
The beam" of the benevolent eye giveth
1ab1e to the bounty which the hand dis
)ursos.
In trifles, infinitely clearer tIan in
freat deeds, actual character is dis
>layed.
Woliid no one's feelings unccessa rily;
here are thorns enough in the path of
mminan life.
A good constitution is like a money
)ox--its full value is never known until
t has been broken.
A man is great just in proportion to
ns superiority to the condition of life in
vhich ho is placed.
No one can have failed to observe the
ower of a true life upon all with whom
t comes il contact.
Hope is like the sun, whieb, as we
oturuey toward it, casts the shadow of
mir birden behind us.
To keep on repenting for past sins is
'asy enougl. It is the beginning to do
wtter that is diflicult.
If there is any perRl to whom you
eel a dislike, that is the person of whom
,oi ought never to speak.
Who is lowerful ? He who can con
rol his passion. Who is riohi ? He who
8 coltelited with what lhe ha1s.
Any one may do a easual act of good
untlure, lmt a coltinliation of them shows
t is ia part of the temperamont.
I have often thought that the nature
)f women was inferior to that of men in
seleral, but superior in ptrticular.
It. is always better to keep out of a
iiarrel than to nake it u) over so ami
-ably aftter you have gone into one. -
-Th. true way to advance another's
irhie is to follow it, and the best means
o cry down another's vice is to decline
t.
Ie who canl contemplate his past and
lot, receive many warnings from it,
nust have hlad a remarkably stupid ox
stenice.
One of the most Offoctual ways of
)leasing ani of making one's self loved
s to be cheerful; joy softens more hearts
hian1 tears.
More heads pine away in secret anguish
roi the want of kindness from those
vho should be their comfort, than from
my other calamity in life.
If'meni would but follow the advice
vhich they bestow gratuitously oi
thors, what a reformation wou 1d be
ifrected in their characters.
Thoman Carlyle sums up the wisdom
qliired by his life-long experience in
,he following important aphorism : "Do
bo duty that lies next to you.,"
If you wish success in life make per
leveraice your bosom friend, experience
('our wiso counselor, caution your elder
>rother and hope y3oulr guardian.
Consolation indiscreetly pressed u1)on
is when we are sufficiently under afilic
ion only serves to increase our pain and
o render our grief more poignant.
Thle eil of learning is to know God
m1(d out of that knowledge to love Him
mid to imitate Him, as we may be near
mt, by possessing our souls of true
airtuo.
Every huIan being has a work to
Iarry oi withim, diuties to perform abroad,
nfluences to exert, which are peculiarly
n1s and which no contsciene but his own
-an tAch.I
Stagnuation is not peace. Peace is the
irumomzmig of many sorrows and the
mbhdi of mnalty passions-the begin
nui g of thle gi~rarugrony which passeth
il uniderstuanding.
Experience ought to be adheadlight
which~ throws it rays on things to come;
nistead,, it is generally a stern light which
brimows its rays on whant we have already
uiassed through.
Every year of our lives we grow more
zonmieed1 thait it is the wisest and best
o fix our attention on the beautiful and
lhe good,,antd dl~l a little as possilo
>ni the evil and the false.
Few things better become a man thani
the habit of continual courtesy. It
aunt~s little to 1)0 kind, or to say kind
things, but they go a great way in the
make-up of human kindness.
We should 1n0 more lament that we
have grown old thani the husbaindman,
whien the 1)1oom1 and fragranido of spring
have p~assed away, should lament that
summer or autumn has come.
'Whatever your sex or position, life is
a battle in which you are to shiow youi'
pluck, antd woe b)e to the cowvard. Do
spair and1( pos5tponemont are cowardice
andl defeat. Men woere born to succeed
and not to fail.
Good manners are not learned from
arbitrary teaching so much as acquired
from habit. They grow upon0 un1 by use.
A coarse, rough nature at home begets a
habit of roughness which cannot be laid
aside among stranigers.
Hie prays aright who never knows
when his prayor begins, or whlent it ends.
lHe pr1aises best who (lees 5o spontane
ously-as birds sing. lie reads the
word of Glod most wisely who continues
to readl when the book is closed.
The tasks set to children should 1b0
muoderate. Over- exertion is hutful,
both physically anid intellectually, and
eveft morally ; but it is of the utmost
imphortanco that they should be made to
fulf il all their tasks correctly and pune
taally.
To h)0 disobedient through temptation,
a human sin ; b~ut to h)o disobedient for
the sake of disob~edience, fiendish sin.
Fo be obedient for the sake of success in
.sonduct, is human virtue ; but to be
)lbedlent for' the sake of obedience,
mngelic virtue.
Good manners are the blossoms of
~oodl sense, and it may be addled of good
ecling, too ; for if the law of kindness
ic written in the heau't, it will lead to
hat disinterestedness in little as well as
n great things-that desire to oblige,
md attention to the gratification of
>thiers, which is the foundation of good
nannora,