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-TEL-WEEL EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C.9 JULY 19, 1881.ESALHD 8. NEAR AND DEAR. 0 near ones, dear ones I you, in whose right itad Our own rests calm; whose faltiful hearts al day Wide open wait till back from distant lanis Thought, the tired traveler, wenids ie hionkewar way Ilelpinates and heartinates, gladdeniers of gon, years, Tender companions of our yriousi dys, Who color witn our klase, sles nti tears Life's warm web woven over wonted ways. Young children and ol neighbors andt old frientl oldi servants-yoiu, whose munlling circle small Grows slowly sinaller till ait last It endis Where In one grave Is room enoughi for all. O shut the world out f rolin the heart you cheer I Thtough smuall the circle of your smiles mnay. be, Thte worldi 1s distant and your siles are near, Titles takes you niore thtan aill tile world to ine. 'TWvO NEGATIVES. "'No, I won't I" June Egbort's bright, coquettish fact was aflato with anger, her black eyel sparkled dangerously, and her thin lip. trembled with oxcitement, whilo Leigl Sargent only laughed at low, musica laugh that grated upon her irato sensi bilitiesi with redoubled foreo its th liandsoie eyes shone down upot her and he made no movement to chaitge hi position of protecting ownerrhip. You will some day, little girl. I an sure I have not loved you in vain. I Oven think you care a little now, thougl you won't forgive ime." You tire indeed mistaken," spitofull: returned June, standing very erect, ant looking still as angry as she could wit that pleading look fastoned upon her, I don't love you, and I refuso nios mihatically ever to bo your wife. ] hope that is- sufficient," and she paused to note the offect her words had. Leigh turned a trifle paler. You do not mean it, love. Oh, June, be true to yourself ; tWll me tht truth ; do not lot a feeling of angor ant pride divide you front a love that is m strong as life itself. Forgive me, June,' and she was drawn close to him, and I< could feel her tremble, '' and you shah never havo cause again to doubt." One instant of hesitation, then Juna released herself. "That will do," she said haughtily I mtean what I said." "Very well," returned Leigh, quit( icily now. " I will leave you to attair a differont frame of mind, and will sa.) good-bye. I shoul havo gone t4 N two hours since." " For how long ?" queried June, witli new interest. For ant indofinito time," cate th answer ; " a case needs my attention al once."t "lBut I thought, I anm sure Myra lai( you had two months' vatatiol," sai June. "Oh, no, I should have gono baci long since. I dallied becauso, you knom why," glancing down fondly, " bui if-" "How do you go?" interupted hif Companion. "I shall rido Ned. It is but a shori trip, and he is my favorite saddle horso. Not Black Ned ?" Miss Eghori looked anxiously up at Leigh Sargent Who bit his moustached lips to hido somt emotion. "Yes, why not ?" io queried. Oh, nothing," the old nonclthalati returning, "only one hates to see f friend killed through more careless. ness." Do you care ?" The query was so hasty that all June' color flashed up, but she veiled her eyoe with. drooping lids, saying only Do just as you pleaso," and with ai exclamation of disgust Leigh left her a the piazza of her sister Myra's homte, and half an hour later dashed away or Black Ned. T'o explain, Miss Egbert and Mr. Sar. gentt seemed doomed to quiarrel. 01 hat a treaty of peace had beent adopted for short timo, but Leigh had seriouisl' offended her. Hfad hto. not flirted out ~gaously wvithi Sadie Bermiinghiam, driv inig with her past their home inl 1h< mnootnlighit, and saying all sorts of sill things, 1non1 knoew what, because she Juine, would ntot atnswer his straighitfor wvard, mnanily questioni :" Cta you learl to lovo e ?" Yes, she was seriously offetnded sI told herself, and anger with her tman1 spiteful, freakish moods anid the aility to bear unitol misery herself for. th satko of puisinltg the offender. There was a guilty pang at her heart as shte thought of her falsehood to Leigh alt utterable loneliness as she thought c htimt goito to conic back nto mote. Teast her lie did, to be sure, but was lie nto tentder and genttle to her, though a trifi masterful, for which shte had loved htimt wvomtanliko, the more. The tears almtos citmto, but Junto was a ~detetrmined aton: of hutmanity, as heroic ias she was daint; and1 lovable, anid alto putt the though thmat site had dlone wrotng resolutol; away. Ant hour later the dusk wais settling over till the world. With a faintt cr; SJune r~ecognmi'zed a foaming, ridlerles black steed comeC (lashing up the roadl. "'It's Ned!'' was all she could say inll low whispor to herself, as shte cr(1pt ou to the omnd of the green lawni and sobbei out htor first grief. A little liater, thm voice shte loved reached her car-a voie shte had thought never to hear again. ".June, darilng," it said, wvhile stroln atm 11entcircled her, "' wero you alarmed nelie why you are here ? Ned thtrm mne antd escaped, and I htad to wath b~ack," atnd twvo boatrded lips presse5(d hm tiremiulous ones5. In amn intaant, feeling him safo, tihe 01, shyness hiad roturnted. Slipping from his embrace site ran without stopp1inl till site reached her own door, whli L'uigh with a smile roturned to his hote: going in the mtoring to his wyork with chcorfuilness none1 could account for. Later the sumer hiad faded. Th chilly (lays of late aitutonn hung over~ th little village. Leigh Sargent, whlo ha come up for a few (hays, ondteavoredh I graiit Miss Juno the opportunity t nlnish their abridged quarrel. " You've said enough," he laughed, I at. " Come, June, you love me som< a ter all, and you are going to h)o m d ar little wife, arnt't you ?" . "No I don't and I'm not I" decided' re trned his dompanion, red wyith vext .. j,.o"I tink you assum~e too mtu altogether. In the face of both my negatives you insist on believing I do a not mean what I say, and think thait I am going to marry you despite my rofusals." I"Yes, for your two negatives will make an affiriativo. However, Juno, I am going away for all time, and I will not trouble you after to-day." " So sooni? I thought you meant to take a week," came the faint answer. "So I did, but thero's nothing to keep me here now, and I shall go." With a sudden look downward, Leigh for the fiftieth timo changed his mind. - ''June," 1e said impetuously, " look at mc." The dark oyes met his an instant, then roved off agaim. " Liston," he said, imporatively. f I will stay if you wish it. Tell me if it is anything to you wThether I do or not ?" The small hands that Io had detained for a moment woro pulled away. Miss Juno was quite herself again. Coolly, very calmly, site replied: I Oh, yes, stay, if we can keep pece. Wo have quarreled long enough. Still, I the days are coolor, and it isn't so fatiguing as it was ; besides every one else is away, and we hardly soo ia soul. Stay your vacation out," with a side I gleam of mischief in the merry eyes. She was not rewarded, however, by vexation on her companion's part, though he stopped suddenly. t I will go this evening ; good by," lie said, extending his hand ; but dis regarding it entirely, Miiss Juno said saucily : S"You will call and say good-by after lunch." Till then, good morning Leigh registered a vow that afternoon as lie pursued his way toward the home of his lady-kive. Never had she'looked i'ore lovely, lie decided; and June, with a quick look upward, realized that some thing was wrong. Without a word lie crossed the room and took her in his arms. "' J luo,i e said, firmly, " onc bofore I held you hero, and I let you go; this time I never will till you tell mue decidedly that you do not lovo me ; that you will not be mine, or until you kiss imie, and proiiso to be my wife." June trembled violently and sought to escape. " Myra will be hero inl ton minutes," lie went on, as lie oponed his watch to note the flight of time. " You won't keep in here ?" plead ingly caie from Juio. "Yes, I will." Juno, look ill) ;" and laying a haud beneath her chin, lie raised her faco till his eyes hold her own. "I love you, and I have a right to your answer. The time is nearly gone," he answered soonI iafter. "Myra will b hero in three i miinutes." No answer. He watched the sweet face against his breast, as the blushes roso and fell. "Tell nie," lie murmured ; " I hear her in the hall, and Burt is with her." " Not really ?" queried June, ex citedly. '"Truly," came the calm answer. " Oh, ploaso, Leigh,. lot me go." "'Wheui you do what I wish," was his deliberate reply. 4 Oh, dear I" I The words were a hasty breath as Juno heard the footsteps approaching. 'Two small hands were reached about L Leigh's neck, and(] her lips touchod his. "Yes, I do, I will." ''My darling !" Her burning face was covered with his kisses ; then she stood released just as Myra and her husband entered. Myra Howe wondered at the amicable I silence that reigned, and Juno's frantic bcolor, but she only laughed, "'Let us r~ have peace," and sooni after left the rOOmi. Stranige to re'late, JTune amid Leigh are -te most aimiale couple ini existence, and she evenm laughs lightly with a blush51, when Leigh inquiires teasingly if she thinks an alirmative can 1be coiisidered gained~ by two negatives. -Somne are fishes ex treme(ly electrical. 1 T1hat of the (yninotus is the most pow erful. In the upper Brazil country they are used by the natives to facilitate the b capture of wild horses. A herd is sur rounided anid driven in the dlirectiomn of Sthe stream or lake containing" the eels, and into which the frightened aninials t rush stamping on the fish, miany of , which are as large as a mamn's leg and six f feet in lenigth, that in defense throw ouit their shocks of electricity, So) complletely t bonunmbing the horses that they are easily caught. Thle eels also exhaust , teirpowrsandare cap~tured with t comiparative safety, rallying again, how Sover, ini a few hours. Hteat has been, e volved and the electric spark obtained: t from the fish. Notwithustandinig its y' terrible power, there is a little parasito fish, two or three inches in length, that z preys uponi it, utterly oblivious t~o its y' shocks. 'lThe best known electric fish s however the torpedo-is amn inhabitant of our own waters. Fishermen are often a miade painfully aware of its presenico ini t their nets, the shocks pass~ig up1 the .1 hines, anid eveni following up splashes of e wvater, andI giving the meni a violent e shiook. One was throwvn docwn as quick as if lhe had boenm knocked dlowni withi an g axe. The largest specimens of torpedo ? found in our wvaters weigh nearly two, v hundred pounids. To test the power of k this fish a duck was p~laced over one that r wvas confined in amn aquarium. It swam arouind qluietly for a few momfenit4, and a then suddenly became restive, darting ni from side to sido in an orratie maimer, g tryinig to) escape. Its dliscointure rapidly e increased, as was showii by its gasping I, aiid the flhuttering of thme wings. That a only seemed to exasperate the fish to further efforts and ini ton minutes fromi e the tinme the duck was put ini the wvate'r co it was taken out dead. A large sunnish, d .wvhcn putt in thec tank, showed its terror 0 b~y endeavoring to leap from it, but, o falling back, it was soon p)aralyzed by the torpedo. Its battery, if it can be it called such, occupies a position between h, the skull anid the fins Onl each Ride. It y is composed of a large number of upright columns, each of wvhiich is covered and y enclosed by an extremely thin mcm i- branco. The great sea devil hs also said h to possess electrin powe A hne On The Knee. Henry Archibald is a devoted fusher mnant, not that he ever catches much o any thing, but still he likes to take hii pole and line, and go up along the Dela ware during the long, warm Summe: tlays and lay in the mellow sunshino an< think what the old woman will may whet hilie finds out he has gone off withou iplitting any kindling. In this view o the case he yestorday got out his hook iad lines to look them over. He sat o the wash-bonch by the hydrant 6njoyini himself hugely whlen Mrs. Archibah eamo out and made him bring her i bucket of water. While he was doing this, she picke< ip a large bass hook to admire it, amn aid it down again with the line scatter Ing out in the yar4. ,Henry discussed the situation ii Europo with Oxtoby, who was digging Sarden on the other sido of the fence mad thon sat down again to the contem p)lation of his fnshing-tacklo. Pretty nooi 4I missed a book. "Mother," no shouted, " wliat 'iinndei Ihe sun did you do with my bass hook?' " Bother your old bass hook," nai( irs. Archibald, and .sho slapped th tovo daimpor shut with eiphais You've swallowod it, I reckon." " You had it a miniiute ago ; you kiniov you did. If a woman ever gets hoe lands on a fellow's things, lie novoi knows whero they are any more." Mrs. A. came to the door and looke tround acidly : 1 " What d'ye call this here ?" and pick ig up the end of the line she gave it I ,vrathful jerk. "Woopeol ouch! gonhl!!! shoot tin fornal dog," yelled Henry ; and 1hi waltzed frantically around nursing iii ip pocket as tendorly as though ho hat i live coal in it. "Sake's alive! what's the matter witi ho man!" and she gave the line anothe bwiteh. " Found your old hook, hav< you ?" "Found it, you brimstono old torment lon't you seo I've found it. Leggo Loggo that line, I tell you, afore I pulvoriso you. " - " Now, Henry, I'd mako a fuss if were you." "Fuss the blazes. I wished you kiiov liow it fools to have a fish hook jorket Ahrough your heart.', "'Well, you'd no business to mot dowi n your heart, with fish hooks a-layiin trouiid. " " Don't be a fool now, will you, bu ust pull this thing out, bofore it turni bo lock-jaw." " It'd take a wholo barrel of fish hooki to lock your jaw. Come, givo ts a 0ho1 iero." But the first pull she made brought i Doiancho squawk from Henry, and thoi Ahe amputated the adjacent cloth an< got the butcher knife, whereupon Hour: Atraightened himself up viciously. " Look here, woman, I ain't no blame< >ld han ; you don't slice me with tha hing now, and don't you forgot it. Yoi jist bounce that gal around for the loctor suddenly, and you'd better ge town on your marrow )ones and pral ror me to recover afore I get mad too." The doctor came, cut off the shatil %nd pulled out the hook in half a iite lid all the rest of the day Henry sat oi t flax-sed poultice and one sidev of i )hair, calling pople up to the front win low to ask them what was good for i bilo on the knee. A Siameso Cremation. The Princess Sun-an-tu-rhat, the favor ite wife of the King of Siamln wa: irowned, with her infant ' daughter in the Tehoupraya River about a yea igo. On tile 16th of March the biodies which had been enmbahnled, were cremna tedl at Bangkok. No less thnu $300,000 have been ex peinded in tile erection of a funeral pyr< Lud ini gifts for distribiution. Th'le pyr< was erected some1( 300 yardls from th< Lasternl shore of the T1chioupraya River inside1 of the city walls, and within atone's throw of the p~alaco. The mnaii builinig in which the remains wor< burned is a large frame wvork, built (3 teak timber, aifter tile style of Buddhis architecture. The ground form is tha >)f a cross, the main body 200 feet il length and tile transverse arms 140 fee in length. 'The roof is sixty feet fron the grounld. From the conutro risen pagoda, the top of which in 166 foe froml the ground. Baniboo, split, is in terwoven to form thle wvalls, and1( thisi 'overed within and withocut with gildet 4loth anad paper. The structulre, as comn pl(etedl, from a distance, has a very sub tantial look, aid wvhen tile rays of th, tropical sun are reflectedl from its gilde: walls anad roofs, piagoda and spire,i presenlts a (dazzlinug and'beautiful appear ince. Thousuands of squaroc yards (3 gold leaf are used ini overlaying th building-he it remembered, however that this building is not burned, and th gold leaf may 1)0 stripp~ed off and~ used again. Ini the centre of thin main huiild1 ing, under the paigodla, is erectedl a mag ifi cent catafalqjue, p)rofusely decorate< anud orinenlted wvith all thle deviie which pagan art could( cn gest. Ti' was overlaid with a coverii to protee it from tile fire. Upon the topl we plIaced the collin containing the remainm wvhich was surround~edl by fagots of fra grant wood. Th'le ceremonies began on the 10th c March by the solemn transfer of th goldein urn, contiiniig the charred bmone of His Majesty's illustrious father to bi p~laced b~y the funeral pyre. Onu the 15it many of the foreigners p)aidl a visit ( condolence to his Majesty. The conusi lar corps,'foreign residents and strangm were invited to asnembl le oni the afternoo of the 16th to witness the cremnatiom At 3 P'. Mi. His Majesty, the first king arrived, followed by his brothers an relatives of the dleceasedl Princess, TIli royal party immiedhiately entered t11 building and arranged themselves ahoi th-e catafal quo. .After a hush of a fo moments H in Majesty, the first kingf lighted the fagots of fragrant wood, an lain brothers following, threw their offo: imngs of figrant sand~al wood on tli flames. Light clouds of inconise-ilade smoke filled the building, and in a she: time the bodies were reduceed to a fe charred bonies amnd ashes. His Majest then retiredl and the company returne< somn to their homes. but more tn witnoj the sports and display of fireworks. These latter were exceedingly beautiful and interesting. For ton consecutive nights, with but one intermission,. our eyes feasted, from 7 until 9 1-. mI., on the varied and brilliant fireworks. Great rockets, with blazing falls, were sent up as high as 500 feet. Huge, writhing, fiery serpeuts would flash for a moment and vanish in the gloom ; blazing birds would lea) out from som dark corner and skim hither and thither, while others were made to truinpet as elephants. Rows of trees, whose limbs were spurts of flane, were to be seen, and many others too numerous to mention. The fireworks were preceded by sports of different kinds, 'such as fonts of horse manship, acrobats, boxing, men drosscd to represent fabulous animals, jugglers, the Lotus or plantom - danco by night, and both Chinese and Siamese theatres. During tihe entertainment each day limes, a species of the lemon, conttiming small silver coins and also tickets to a lottery, were scattered freely among the spectators. Many beautiful prizes were drawn by both natives and foreigners. Tle Buddhist priesthood were the principal gainers by this cremation. One hundred thousand dollars were distribu ted in gifta to these gentlemnon of the yellow cloth. This was done to 'make merit," with the hope that sione might reach the spirit of the dead Princess Sun-an-ta-rhat, as she' wanders through the long travail of births and deaths that awaits her before she can find rest. When the crematory ceremonies were over, the ashes and a few charred hones were tenderly gathered and placed in a golden urn prepared to receive them. This urn was made almost entirely of the dead Princess, and a smaller one recoived the remains of the royal babe. All that love and skill could devise and execute were wrought in gold anld precious stones to embalm the dust of the loved dead. Jewelers' Frauds. An expert in the watch mnking busiuss, recently said that quantities of "filled" watches were made, many of which were undoubtedly sold as genuine articles. Such a watch-case was manufactured of very thjn layers of gold, with a layer of base metal between, the whole being "sweated" together. Really 'it was simply a gilt watch, bnt it would last for ten years be fore the surface was w'orn through, and was Innocent enough when sold for what it was. In the hands of unscrupulous dealeis however, it was very dangerous. An ex pert could readily detect its character by the color and weight, as well as bythe use of acids, but with any ordinary customer it would easily pass for gold. Such a watch case, worth some $28, would in genuine gold be worth $60 to $70. As there was no hope of getting any legislation in this cour try which would guard against the per petration of the frauds in question, this gentleman declared that only one way re mained for the public to protect itself in the matter. This was, for every purchaser of a gold watch to demand a written certi ficate from the manufacturer that the case was "of solid eighteen-earat gold through. out.'' When private customers generally insisted upon such certificates, the retail dealers and jobbers wolild require them fr .m the makers, who would, of course,be held legally responsible for the correctness of the guarantee. . He said that frauds similar to those prac tised in watch-cases ran through every line of jewelry and gold-work. The standard fineness of watch-chains was in this country fourteen carata, behig'tWo cearats less than in England, as the lower grade was harder, and wore better. Yet it was now extreme ly dificult to find a genuime fourteen-carat chain sold as such assaying more than twelve carats. Fiequently the swivels of the chainis were stamnpedi fourteen carats, thereby leadling to the false bedeuf that, the chalis wvere so manufactured and sold even by firms of good reputation, and t~hat, re t ailers, who bought, theum from jobbers, were often deceived as wveli as their cuse tomuers. In this matter, as in regard to watch cases, the exaction of an explicit written guarantee was the only method of protecting the p~urchiaser. "illed" andi plated chains were usually sol upon their. merits, andi chiefly in time ruder parts of tht, country. Thousands of wedlding rings, he said, were annually manufactured, fifed with a brass wire run through the center of the 'circlet, and stamped with a device resem, bling an eigrhteen.carat quality mnark, There was no0 doubt that these were sold as gold, and many of themi at little leas than the legitimnate price of gold. In the manufacture of fancy gold neck-chains, tor ladies' wear, it was necessary that the links should be made hollow in order to give themn the proper dega cc of elasticity. iIen(: they were spun over a copper n in which was afterward, by honest makers, t enmirely dlestroyed by the use 01 a s~r,>ng - acidl. It was now a common practice, f however, to rise a solution of acid, which 3 crumbled away only parts of the wire and ,left, little &oegments of copper to Increase 3. the weight of the chaIn. Probab-y mine tenths of the hollow-lhnk chains, whIch were sold to dealers by neIght, contained - more or less of this copper filling. Cameco I rings of unadulterated gold were rarely o ai tained by p~urchasers, the practIce being to 4 run a brass wire through thme "shank." or t circlet, amnd frequently to Insert a thick 4 piece of 'brass at-the back of the stone, be -sold as gold, were also frequently backed ,with brass, or were of silver, with a gold f 9encer. 3Fair Wages. c' A farmer asked a boy what lhe would i work for him for, one year. TIhe farmer fwas close at a bargain and the boy knew it. -Says the boy, "I wIll work for you if 5 you wIll give ime one grain of corn for n the first week, two greins for the second, .four for the third, and doubling each :, week until the fifty weeks or year Is out'' d "Good,'' salid tihe farmer. The boy began e work and took one grain for the fi'set week, e two for the second, four for the thIrd, t BIght for the fourth, sixteen for the fifth, wv thirty-two for the sixth. "Hold on," said the farmer, "you are taking too 'A many," "Not at all," said the boy, "I sim e. but carrying out the contract." 'Tho far-mer e began to figure how many grains the boy n wouild take in fifty-two weeks, and to his .t astonmshmeith ha found out that lie would w I. eutithed to 1,465,598,257,408,808 graIns. lie could never pay hIm, anid agreed to [, give hnm faIr wages If ho would let him off a from the contraet. Extremity is the trier of mani's spirit," says Shakespeare, and "'hard times" are just. as truly the triers of wonan's spirit. It is so easy to keep It table well provided. with ilivitiig and palatable viaitds if one only has plenty of money, and can af ford to buy the best of roasts, steaks, filsh, fruits, &c., in seasoni ; but to ac coiplisl tihe end without the llealls is an undertaking that countless women are struggling with, and that still more ought to be engaged in for the benolit of the family purse. From the fact that the butcher sells his high-priced meat first, even in neighborhoodw whero "hard times" is th cry, and thost oil the last of the route are unable to get all occasional coice piece when company is expected,is evidence that voiien have not yet learned the fliu art of preparing all inferior pico of meat into an inviting, relisliablo dish; or if they do know, do' not use the knowledge to any great ex tent. We know tile task requires skill and judgoeint, .but it canl he done, and is. much more creditable than contract ing debts that time imay reveal "'unable to pay." A low-priced steak by long con tinued hamimering, and then rolling ill well sasoned flour before frying, will b very tender, and retain its moisture quite unlike the proverbial "fried leatil or" of the American cook. Even plate beef, thoroughly stewed and browned, and a nice gravy made, is a dinner dish fit for any ordinary earthly mortal. A soup bone is a profitable and good in vestment, if managed rightly. It should be put over to boil early in tihe morning in cold water, and boiled slowly. Any tough piece of meat by thin plan cani be boiled thoroughly tender, picked from tile bones, seasoned and . pressed and thus bo made into a charming tea or lunchdiish. "That a truel woiii looketli well to the ways of her household," is as mnucll a gospel truth to-day as in the days of King Solomon; she will endeavor to ume econoiy and thrift ini all her labors and expenditures as long i these virtues are a family necessity; and woe botido the mni who possesses such a wife if lie fails to honor and confide in her, and to "give her of the fmit of her hands." Rack Rent. "What is rack-rent, dad ?" inqiuired a young-Coinstoekbr who had been read ing tile news from Ireland. The patient parent laid down the stock list and replied : "Do you know how much I charge Mr. Boggarty for his room up-stairs ?" 'Yes, sir ; $12 a month." "Well, now, suppose Mr. Boggarty should take it into his head to have, at. his own expense, new paper put oii tih wall, the ceiling whitened iand all tile furniture mended, tile room would look a heap sight pettier, wouldn't it ?" "Lor I" inmurmured the intelligent boy. "Woll, if the mlinuto Boggarty had got all these improvements . made I should go ill) and look around and smile and jingle my mnoney in my pocket, and renark : "This is a pretty sort of a layout for a single man, Boggarty, and you have al together too soft a thing. Your rent will be $20 a month hereafter." What wvould you think of it?" The innocent child giggled and said "That would be leek, wouldn't it., dad ?" "Bet your money on it, my boy," re pliod the father, beaming kindly upon his offsring. "That would be rack renting Mr.AlI)ggarty, and if he kicked and claimed tlhatall tile imlprovements had beeni made by ll'l without costing mel( a cent, and~ I should 'Lre iim ouit, that would bo0 eviction. I will now," continued the parent, warming up, "'briefly review tihe history of Ireland for- the past 700 yeatrs. Whlen Brian lBut hlis 5son had fled. Old Shoes,. You p~robabhly think that if you look very sharply at an old shoe when you throw it away, you wvill know it againi if it over conmes back to you. But thatt doesn't at all foilow. One of thlese (lays you may buttonl your dress with all old p~air of slippers. comb11 yourl hiaiir with a hoot, 0or grasp ai cast-oil gaiter while at your dinner. You doni't se) ho0w this can bie? Weil, we'll tell you. Old shomes are turned to account Iby mahnufacturers in) thme following mannier: Th'ley are cuit into very smnall pieces, and kept for a coule( (if datys ini chloriide of suilphurw. The effect of this is to make the leather hard and brittle. Next the mnater'ial is withdrawna from the actio n of the chiloridle of Rulph1 ur, washeld wi th water and dried. Wheni thoroughly dry it is grond to powvderi, and( mixedl with s ~loeSulbStanceO like glue or guma, that causes it hi adhere together. It is thmein prcssed into molds andi shaped iinto buttons, combs1), knife handies, etc. So you see how it may com~O to pass thlat you wvili comb your' hair with a boot, ando faston your clothes with a slippe~r. Theo Low.Jtacked Car. T'hat thoroughly Irish instiutionl, theC low-backed car, was invented by an Itailian picture-dealer, Mr Charles Bianconi, wiho eatablished hinself as a dealer In works of att at Clonmnel, in thme county of Tipperary. somnewhero about the year 1680. Whmethmer lie found that buying and selling iictures was not thme samne thing-in Tipperary as 1mn Lombardy and gave up thue art business ml despair, has never bcen ascertalaed. Blanu conii started the first public or "iong" car bet ween Uloinmel andi CJhir in the year 18l5. It, was not extensively patronized at first, but the pgojector wvas not dlscoumraged, and soon after hand a car rumnmg between Lim erick and Thaurle-a more ambitious un dlertakinlg. A service was then institumted between GJalway and Cliifden, and at one time iiis cars traveled ovor the greater pert of Irelnud, runntting dlaily, It, is said, as much as 8,600 IrIsh miles. In'the south they liad nothuing to fear from the compe tition of stage coachmes, and in the north they often succeeded in knocking their ri vals off the road, tihe traveling pubh~cshou. In eydeciie preference for the vehui ele fiom whieh they could escape wIth tile greatest eane in cae of accidlaens Tho Train Bell Rope. In the early days of the railroad in this country the locomotive nngincer was the master of the train. le ran it according to his judgment, and the conductor had very little voice in the mattcr. Collecting fares, superintending the loading and un loading of freight and shouting "Ati aboard!" were all that the conductor was expected to do. Te Erie railroad wasi then the New York and Erie Raihoat'. I There was no rail connection with Jersey City In 1842. Boats oarried passengers from New York to Piernont-on-the.iludsen which was then the eastern ternunus of the road. Turner's, forty-seven miles from New York, was as far West as the railroad was in operation. One of the pioneer con ductors of this road was Captain Ayres. lie ran the only train then called for between the two terminal points. It was made up of freight and passenger cain. The idea of the engineer, without any knowledge of what was going on back of the locomotive, having his way as to how the train was to be run, did not strike the Captain as being according to the propriety of things. lle frequently encountered a fractious passenger who insisted onl riding witihout paying his fare. As there wits no way of signaling the engineer, and the passenger couhi not be thrown from the train while it wis in motion, the conductor in such cases had no c1oice but to let hil ride until a regular stop was made. Captain Ayres finally determined to institute a new system it the running of trains. lie pro cured a stout twine, sufficiently long, to reach from the locomotive to the rear car. To the end of this string next the engineer lie fastened a stick of wood. lie ran this cord back ovet the cars to the last one. Ile informed the engineer, who was a cerman, named Abe llammill, that if he desired to have the train stopped lie would pull the string and raise the stick, and would expect the signal to be'6beyed. lamnmill looked upon-this innovation as at direct blow at his authority, and When the train left iierniont, lie cut the stick loose. At Turner's lie told Captain Ayres that lie proposed to run the train himself, without interference from any conductor. The next day the Captain rigged up his string anl stick of wood agai n. "Abe," said Ie, "this thing's got to be settled one way or the other tQ-day. If that stick of wood is not on the end of this cord when we get to Turner's you've got to lick me or I'll lick you." The stick was not on the string when the train reached Turner's. The Captain pulled off his coat, and told laimmill to get olf his engine. Ilamunill declined to get off. Captain Ayres climbed to the engineer's place. Haminill started to jump off on the opposite side. Thie conductor hit him tin dier the car and saved hini the trouble of jumping. That settled forever the question of authority on railroad trains. Ilaninuill abdicated as autocrat of the pioneer Erie train, and the twine and stick of wood, manipulated by the conductor, controlled its management. That was the origin of the bell-rope, now one of the most impor tant attachinents of railroad trains. The idea wits quickly adopted by the few roads then in operation and the bell or gong in tinic took the place of the stick of wood to signal the engineer. Captain Ayrus con tinued a conduc(tor on this road under its different managers until lie was superan nuated and retired on a pension a year ago. Tu'amllitaig th1e Enigi shm ChannelI. The work of tunneling the Enghish ChItin nel is being steadily carried on under Col. 3cauimont in the Abbott's cliff near Folk stone, Eng. What is called the trial tun nel, which is circular and sevoii feet in di ameter, is now being made. It has already reached a length of 300 yards, and the promise for success thus far seenis good, and t e wateir which percolates through the ckh',g. asily kept under ;lbut it has notI iuch <ndien mtich if any belowv tihe tidle level, anid whether or not any p)owerfulh jets of water may get in frcmt subterranean fis sures as the dlepith iicreatses reimainis to lie seeii 'Triah shafts have been stink to a coinsidierablhe depIt~h on both the l'.nglish and French coasts, and there have been iio signs of extraordinary ditlculty from that source. Still the possibility of a (deel) fissure or crack in mnid-chiannel lias been a good deal commented upon. Unless that should'lbe found, hiowever, the project, would sent entirely feasible. '[hle chalk strata of Englandl and France are geologically con tinuous and the dip) of the bieds is towatrt the east on both sidles of the channel. 'T'.e lowermost portion, known its the gray chalk, is more clavey than the rest of the chalk foundation, andl is Imper-vious enough to water to make perforation p~racticable. '[he plan is to follow by a decsceiiingrtun nel the natural dip of the gray chdik to wardl Dover, until 200 feet, below the sea bed, when the tunnel will lie drniven hori zontally right across fromi shore to shore. A similarly Inclined tunnel will rise along the (lip of the st~rata on the French sie. 'Thle imethodl of work being pursued at Abbot's cliff is to drill thme <hhlk by a circii. lar dis8k of iron cutters, worked by a com pressed air engine by a rhaft with bevel wheel gearhng, the shaft and engine cx tendling for a length of 30 feet. The cut ting dhisk imakes two revolutions a minute andi is fed forward a quarter of an Inch at each revolution. 'rte (debris as received m a large Iron trany, which Is hauled ,aek every now and( then by a chaia worked by an atixiliairy air engine. An advance of about half an iinch a milnute is made over the whole face of the boring. It, is a very cuistomary thing to est Ices after duiner ; those whose digestion Is iiot strong shioid never touch Ices, andl should avohld them most dletermmnedly. However hot the weather may be, a too sudlden cool-l ing process injures a weak digestion, and creates a peculiar feeling of weight it the. region of the stomach. Ices (do not en courage the flow of the gastric juice, but discourage it, and whtere thtis flow is alreadly weak it must not be dhnilinishied. A great wrong is comimittedl by the constant can stimption of icedl amnd very cohld beverages in hot, weather ; Instead~ of really cooling, the reaction creates an irrilation which atmos~t amounts to inflammation of the wails of the stomflch, and does not allow the natural flow of the secretion, which is necessary for perfect digestion. It is necessary to warn those who stiffer from a weakened digestion against very cold foods or drinks, because these bring about a peculiar suffering and diminished vitality. The temperature of the stomach has to be maintained, and any sudden chili is fatal' to It. FOOD FOR THOUGHT. Before you set about asking God's >essilig, make sure that you have earned t. Great things are not accomplished by (Me dreams, but by years of patient tudy. The beam" of the benevolent eye giveth 1ab1e to the bounty which the hand dis )ursos. In trifles, infinitely clearer tIan in freat deeds, actual character is dis >layed. Woliid no one's feelings unccessa rily; here are thorns enough in the path of mminan life. A good constitution is like a money )ox--its full value is never known until t has been broken. A man is great just in proportion to ns superiority to the condition of life in vhich ho is placed. No one can have failed to observe the ower of a true life upon all with whom t comes il contact. Hope is like the sun, whieb, as we oturuey toward it, casts the shadow of mir birden behind us. To keep on repenting for past sins is 'asy enougl. It is the beginning to do wtter that is diflicult. If there is any perRl to whom you eel a dislike, that is the person of whom ,oi ought never to speak. Who is lowerful ? He who can con rol his passion. Who is riohi ? He who 8 coltelited with what lhe ha1s. Any one may do a easual act of good untlure, lmt a coltinliation of them shows t is ia part of the temperamont. I have often thought that the nature )f women was inferior to that of men in seleral, but superior in ptrticular. It. is always better to keep out of a iiarrel than to nake it u) over so ami -ably aftter you have gone into one. - -Th. true way to advance another's irhie is to follow it, and the best means o cry down another's vice is to decline t. Ie who canl contemplate his past and lot, receive many warnings from it, nust have hlad a remarkably stupid ox stenice. One of the most Offoctual ways of )leasing ani of making one's self loved s to be cheerful; joy softens more hearts hian1 tears. More heads pine away in secret anguish roi the want of kindness from those vho should be their comfort, than from my other calamity in life. If'meni would but follow the advice vhich they bestow gratuitously oi thors, what a reformation wou 1d be ifrected in their characters. Thoman Carlyle sums up the wisdom qliired by his life-long experience in ,he following important aphorism : "Do bo duty that lies next to you.," If you wish success in life make per leveraice your bosom friend, experience ('our wiso counselor, caution your elder >rother and hope y3oulr guardian. Consolation indiscreetly pressed u1)on is when we are sufficiently under afilic ion only serves to increase our pain and o render our grief more poignant. Thle eil of learning is to know God m1(d out of that knowledge to love Him mid to imitate Him, as we may be near mt, by possessing our souls of true airtuo. Every huIan being has a work to Iarry oi withim, diuties to perform abroad, nfluences to exert, which are peculiarly n1s and which no contsciene but his own -an tAch.I Stagnuation is not peace. Peace is the irumomzmig of many sorrows and the mbhdi of mnalty passions-the begin nui g of thle gi~rarugrony which passeth il uniderstuanding. Experience ought to be adheadlight which~ throws it rays on things to come; nistead,, it is generally a stern light which brimows its rays on whant we have already uiassed through. Every year of our lives we grow more zonmieed1 thait it is the wisest and best o fix our attention on the beautiful and lhe good,,antd dl~l a little as possilo >ni the evil and the false. Few things better become a man thani the habit of continual courtesy. It aunt~s little to 1)0 kind, or to say kind things, but they go a great way in the make-up of human kindness. We should 1n0 more lament that we have grown old thani the husbaindman, whien the 1)1oom1 and fragranido of spring have p~assed away, should lament that summer or autumn has come. 'Whatever your sex or position, life is a battle in which you are to shiow youi' pluck, antd woe b)e to the cowvard. Do spair and1( pos5tponemont are cowardice andl defeat. Men woere born to succeed and not to fail. Good manners are not learned from arbitrary teaching so much as acquired from habit. They grow upon0 un1 by use. A coarse, rough nature at home begets a habit of roughness which cannot be laid aside among stranigers. Hie prays aright who never knows when his prayor begins, or whlent it ends. lHe pr1aises best who (lees 5o spontane ously-as birds sing. lie reads the word of Glod most wisely who continues to readl when the book is closed. The tasks set to children should 1b0 muoderate. Over- exertion is hutful, both physically anid intellectually, and eveft morally ; but it is of the utmost imphortanco that they should be made to fulf il all their tasks correctly and pune taally. To h)0 disobedient through temptation, a human sin ; b~ut to h)o disobedient for the sake of disob~edience, fiendish sin. Fo be obedient for the sake of success in .sonduct, is human virtue ; but to be )lbedlent for' the sake of obedience, mngelic virtue. Good manners are the blossoms of ~oodl sense, and it may be addled of good ecling, too ; for if the law of kindness ic written in the heau't, it will lead to hat disinterestedness in little as well as n great things-that desire to oblige, md attention to the gratification of >thiers, which is the foundation of good nannora,