. ...........
TIRI-W EEKLY EDITION. . WINNSBORIO, S. C.9 UE1,18.ESALSE 8~
IN.PERILOUS WATERS.
'Bout ship ! 0 brother wariners I
'Tis needful we should floo
For pleasura spreads her luring not
Bonomath tbhis hungry soa.
''were death to us did we but pasi
You ridge of creanay foam ;
The-e, in a soa-cave, fathoms doop,
'ULhe mir, n makes her honmo.
O'er lucent waves of golden green
Soft breeze bear along
To ears that will not be begullod
'rho wanton's duloot song.
We scorn the glamour of her face,
A flame with hot desire;
No charm lies in her baleful look
Of eyea that scorch like lire.
Her kisus pall, her love is false
So quick to seaward sail ;
For kluder is the stress of waves,
Less cruel is the galo.
Tho heaven of our hope doth lio
Hard by a brighter shoro ;
There we may strike our tattered sails,
A nd rest us evermore I
Charity's Rewi rd.
In the first cabin of the steamer bound to
Quebec, they dined sumptuously, and
lived a happy luxurious life.
In the steerage -licaven have mercy I
how they suffered I
Millicent Day shivered to her very soul
when she thought of it,and wondered often
why such things should be, why sonic were
so rich, and sonic were so poor; some so
uttely alone, unloved, and neglected. Had
she been able to act as she chose,there would
have l)een a grand transformation scene
that dirty steerage very soon, and tables
covered witL choice dailties would have
risen through the floor and snow-white
linen, and fresh, soft couches would have
taken tihe place of the rags, andi hard
berths, and general shabbiness.
But one girl,though she were a rich one,
had little in her power on that desolate
waste of waters. till, that little Millicent
di('. She had in her posossion biscuits,and
coiderves, and delicate dainties prepared
for her own comfort, during the voyage;aud
thinking that at the cabin table she had all
sie needed, she played the Lady Bountiful
with these small stores; choosing for her
principal profteges an Italitin woman and
her gaunt children, who seemed to her to
be the most wretched of them all, and to
whom, speaking the language well, she
could make herself understood.
In vain her friends remonstrated; In va'n
the captain declared that lie should forbid
such dangerous work among the emigrants.
Mlillicent had her own way. Once a day,
at least, she penetrated into the Inferno be
t ,w the comparative Paraalise of her own
domain, and fed those poor parched lips
with her dainties, and comforted the
mother, when her youngest lay at death's
door, with her iniocent sympathy. And
the woman grew to love her, and the wan,
but classical faces of the boys lit up when
she approached. And when, with land in
sight, the little heiress emptied her purse
into the dark hand of the penniless steerage
passenger, and made her, for the moment,
rich and full of hope, she turned with
severe earnestness to her eldest boy.
"Never forget to pray to the Madonna
for this beautiful Signorina I" she cried.
'-itemember that it is all that you can do,
and my (dyimig curse upon you if you for
get, it I"
And wvith this fierce adjuration to her
cimldr-en and~ al prayer that fell like liquid
silver- ironm her lips for "the Signorinai,"
she partedl from Milliceni, who went to her
beautiful home and her friends sadtdenedl
andl sot tened by time scenes that sihe had
witngssed, and remembiered theum a long,
loing while.
Shte had given the woman hie- addr-ess,
but the poor woman did not come to lier.
Whait fate befel her, Millicent, did not
knowv; anid, In time, the muemomy of those
well cut, classical fac es, ganit and mneagr-e
from starvation,~ but with a sirange wild
beauty about them neverthmeless, ceased to
haunt, her-pe-rhaps because onte face hiad
taken possessiomn of her fanicy, as one
faice wvil, sooner or later-, of that of ever-y
woman.
Jo~hn Blair, a young engineer and~ archmi
tect, had met hmer,antd looked into her eyes,
had1( touchied her hand, had uittered .those
subtle conipliments that wimn a woman's
hemart so easily; amnd though lie was neither
rich nior gremat, lie was the onte man of men
to her.
Six mionthis frocm the dafy of themr meet'
inmg .Johnm Blair tand Milliemt, D~ay were
miarried, anid a htappler p~air it wouild have
hiuenm hmard to find. Th'ley yielded mutually
to each oflier's wishes, amnd consequently
grew to hmave to same desires, so that at
last ino yllimng was miecessary.
Only in one tihing did Millicent prove
herself obstinte-othling could tempt her
onm an ocean voyage.
A visit, to is native Englanid ndt a tour
in Emtope was John's antitclpatedl pleasurie;
bitt hem- experientce in crossing time oceant
had~ made her averse to its repettiomt.
"Whethier I saw thmem or not, time faces
of the steerage passengers would htaunt
me," she salhl; ''and [ caninot enidure time
lidea of setting root upon ait oceamn steamer
again."
So .John, who had ito wish to g~ alone,
left time latter to the cure of tin , whio
broughit thtem few sorrows and~ mi h~l joy,
and~ now anid then laId uipon Mihll icent's
breast a little token of his light; so that at
last a boy'ahnuost as tall as herself callede~
Millicent mother, and the' nursery was
tmusieal with-lit~to voices.
TliN'~, braver and older, and more will
1 i e to slo anything to tuake John
\s ilicent agreed to the European
" laving the litle nns tn the ten.
der care of grandmamnia, and grandpapa,
the married lovers took their places in a
great ocean palace, and loft land behind
them, for awhile at least.
"It might be," Millicent thought, as she
remembered her darling babes with tears
in her eyes-''might be forever, if tle sea
were cruel."
But the sea vas kind. No storms arose.
'"hey crossed the Atlantic In safety, and
traversed Europe with none but pleast
rable events until at last they found them
selves in Naples. and ready, one bright
morning, to do, what all visitors to Naples
nust desire to do- namely, ascend Mount
Vesuvius.
They mounted their horses, and led by a
gmido, ascended the mountain to a certain
resting.place, where it is customary to dis
mount, and, leaving their steeds behind,
trust to one's feet and the guide for further
advancement.
"Is heaven lovelier than ilus?" asked
Millicent, clinging to her husband, and
bursting, she hardly knew why,ino a flood
of tears.
But the guide did not leave them to their
feast of beauty undisturbed. Ile manl
them do Vt suvius properly; peep into the
crater, possess themselves of a piece of
lava, witness the process of cooking an egg
In the hot sand, nud] go through with the
rest of the formula.
Then it seemed time to return;and John,
glancing at his watch, counted the ihn
that lay between them and their inn at
Naples, and they began their descent.
Suddenly, at a spot where some large
trees enlivened the desolation of tle rough
road, the guide paused and uttered a cry.
Before them, risen as It seemed from the
very ground,siood a group of men--rough,
savage-looking fellows, armed with guns,
and wearing broad hats-who, without
further parley, surrounded them and seiz
ing the bridles of their horaes,anud tying the
hands of the trembling guide behind them,
led them away over the rough roads in
silence.
John Blair was no coward; but to on
deavor to resist such a force would have
been sheer folly in a single man. Booty,
as he reflected, was probaly their object,
and his wife's safety was his first thought.
Holding her hand m his, he comforted her
as well as possible;and finlly, with a sink.
lng heart, obeyed the orders of one who
seemed to be captain, and dismounted at
the entrance of an old ruin, into which
hey were forced, but not over roughly, to
anter.
It was an ancient ani dilapidated hall,
with a fire burning at one end; and here
heir conductors left them for a while
lone, fastening the door behind them.
Then, and'then only, the poor guide fell
,o wringing his hands and weeping, and
nploring the lady and gentleman to pay
wLatever ransom was required.
Meanwhile, Millicent,overcome with ter
or, wept-upon her husban's breast, and
me found it impossible to comfort her. In
Iced, the savage aspect of the men, and
;he accounts that he had heard of banditt.i
iutrages left him but little hope.
Then It was thht they heard the sound
f returning feet without, and presently
,le unfastening of a door.
A figure entered, and going to the fire,
vhIch had nearly smoulered out, flung on
.t some (lry wvood, which -instantly kindled
mto a blaze, and by its Ilame lit two torches,
hhich wvere thrust into sconces penidant
froii the wall.
By this welcome light they saw thast it
as that, of a woman, w~ho seenmed to have
~rought sonme food for them upon a sort of
boodeni (ray.
She was old, and1( gaunt, andl bent; but
ecr features had a strange be'auty about,
~hem, nevertheleas, and awakened in Milli
~ett's ind~ a memory too vague and inde
bite for wordls. She had1( seen the face
Lcfore; it might be in some of those 0old
)lctures at Rome-that brown skin, those
classical out lines, that gaunt miegreness
~hat seemed to blight what on1ce had beeni
beauti ful. Yes, semewhere she remcm.
bcredl it. In another momnt, the truth
!ashed upon hier,as the woman knelt (town
Lo dleposit the tray upon (lie floor. She
Lttered a little cry ; a shsriller one respond
-d to it, and the gaunt creature lay piros
~rate before lie r, kissing her garments.
"It is (lie Signorina I"' she crledl.
And Milhucent know the Itmtdian woman
-f the steerage, whomi she hasd succored so
niany years before.
"Then it is thus that Gilacomno returns a
>eneilth" cried the woman. '-My maluedic
Lions upon him I But lhe did not know
-ou-lie did not, rememnber a~s I do. Walt.
Iave ino fear I You are safe I"
Then another memory dlawnied upon
dillilcont; and, In (lie captain of those
bandits, she kiiew (lie boy whose eyes lad
beens lixed upon her face when hi~ niothier
bude him pray for hsr eternally.
In another moment lie was there, and
dilllcenut knew that they were safe. Bad
as he must have been, a baniht, and an out.
aw, thsis Italian had retalned l.ims grati
The kindness of (lie young heiress to (lie
wretched emigrants had i et been forgotten,
and (lie man who-had rejurned to his owa
and to leadl a lawless ?ife had chserishsed
her memuory fondly in his breast. le fed
them wIth (lhe best lie had to give, and
,rayedl for them to (lie saints and (lie
dadonna; and~ his own hand redl withI
many a man's blood led1 thbem safely from
dsi forest fastnesses to a spot where (lie
lights from (lie cIty of Naples seemed to
nuile a woecopse to them.
-The wheat orop of 1881 w19' be
nbor$,
Capt. lRenezVnskl has written an inter
esting book on "The last of the Anakin In
the Land of Moul," in which lie gives
soie particulars as to his stu(ieCs of the in
scriptioi on the famous Moabite stone. In
Autust, 1868, the Rev. F. Klein, of the
Church Missionary society, while in the
Land of Moab, near Dibon, was informed
by an Atab that near by there was a black
Basalt stone inscribed with ancient charac
ters. Upon going to the locality indicated
lie found lying anig the ruins a stone
about thiee feet ten Inches high, two feet
broad und 14 k inches thick, rounded at top
aid bottom, aund centainuing thirty-four
hnes of inscription running across the stone.
.' '(lein at this time did not appreciate
artance of the disctvery, and he
- !cd a few words froin the stong.
1 .ver, took measures to secure the
stonu ior the Berlin museum, but imade
little progress with his negotiations. A
few weeks afterward Capt. Warren, the
agent of the Palestine Exploration fund.
was informed of the existence of the stone,
but he took no action in the matter, know
ing that the Prussian consul was endeavor
ing to secure it. . In the beginmnig of the
following year Capt. Warren was astonished
to learn, as was also A1. Clermont Ganneau,
of the French consulate at Jerusalem, that
no copy or "squeze" of the inscription had
been taken. Towards the close of the year
1859 the latter not only sent men to obtain
.,quezes, who quarrelet in the presence of
the Arabs, but offered $375 for the stone,
whereas X80 had already been promised
by the Prussian government, and accepted
by those who claimed the ownership of the
stone. At this stage the gove:rnment of
Nablus demanded the prize for it.self,
and the Aloabites, exasperm?l at his raa.
city, "sooner than give it lp )put a fire
under it and threw cold water on it, and
so broke it, and then distributed the bits
among the different familles, - to be placed
in the granaries and act as blessings upon
the corn ; for they said that without the
stone a blight would fall upon their crops."
After Inunense trouble Ml. Clermont-Gan
neau recovered some twenty of these frag
ments, containg 613 letters, while several
small pieces were acquired by the PalestineI
exploration fund. These fragments, when
united, were found to contain 669 words,
out of a total of 1,100 which the complete
stone must have contained. The greater
part of the missing letters were recovered
fr.,m the squezs taken before the stone
was broken by the ruthless Moabites, "so
that only thirty-ftve wards, fifteen half
words and eighteen letters-less than one- I
seventh of the whole-remain ta be sup
plied from conjecture." With reference to
the characters engraved on the stone, the
general opinion is that they are Phonician, 0
also called Samaritan, such as were used
by the Jews before the captivity. Dr.
Gidsburg, who has eecuted a translation
of the iiscriptions, says that these charac
ters were common 13. C. 700 to all the
races of western Asia, and were used in
Nineveh, Phonicia, Jerusalem, Samaria,
Moab, Cilicia and Cyprus. With reference
to the inscription on the stone itself, It may
be stated that it records some remarkable
events in the reign of Mesha, King of Moab,
who is mentioned in the second book of
Kings (lii., 4, 5), and who had rebelled
against Israel after the death of Ahab. The
first part of the inscription narrates the cir- i
cuistaices which led to the stonie being
erected, while the second part relates to
the public works undertaken by Meshi
after he had overcome his Jewish foes. atud
the third part celebrates his victory over
the Edomintes. Tie rendering of Capt. .
Renczynski represents the result of "nine
years' toil and labor." r
ti
"Coca," the "beloved narcotic of the fl
Peruvian Indian." was first uaned botani- a
cally through the labors of Joseph dle Jus- i
sieu. Th'le history of the most notedl botan-.
ist is a melancholy one, lie left France In g
1735, In the memnoraible expedition of M1.
La Condamne, and after M1. La Condiamine a
left, South Americai, h1. Jussieu continued n~
lisa botanical researches, making numerous t
journeys on foot, notably those to the ciin- b
chona regions. The result of lifteen yearg' a
labors were conitaiined ini certain cas~e~ of k(
driet latnts, etc., andl a native' servant, at, n
Buenos Ayres. tthinkintg these cases contained kt
money, stole t~hemh, and this loss hiad suci: a
an effect on poor Jussieu that he returned
to France in 1771 dep~rivedI of reason. <>
Th'ie Coca is the great source of comfort e
and enjoyment, to tie Peruvian Inidian. It h
is to hinm what the kava-kava is to the
South Sea Islander, the betel to the Ilindoo
andl Malay, and tobacco to the rest of man- aL
kind,but with this differenceit produtces in- v
vigorating effects. The Peruviani Indiani
looks uplonl coca with veneration. Ini the a
palmuiy datys of the Uncas or Yucas, coca
was stacrificed to the sun, the high priest 0r n
iluillac Umau chewed It dulring the ceremno
ny,and1 before the arrival ot the Spaniards, i
cnca was ulsed itn lieu of money. After a
the Spanish conquest, mucli was (done to
p~rescrib~e Its uso, because as a council of d]
bishops held in 1569, said it was a ''useless e
andi pernlcious leaf, and on account of thei
belief stated to be entertained by the In.. C
dians, that the habit of chewing cocoa gave 1
them strength, which Is' an Illusion of the a
dlevil." Coca, Indeed. from its popularity,
beIng used by about eight millions of p~eo- ~
p)1e, hias always had a great commercial im- I
p~ortance, andl one viceroy, D~on F'rancisco)
Toledo, Issued no less thant seventy ordi-i
nances concerning cocai In the space of fourt
years (1570-1574).
Thle coca plant Is a scrub of four to six (
feet high, with straight and talternte
branches andl leaves like those of the tena
plant, and is cultivated at clevatiotns of
from 5,000 to,06,000 feet above the level of
the sea mi the warm valleys of the ctaatern
slopes of the Andes. Hero the only al
ternations of climate Is from wet to drya
frost Is unktiown, and it rains iiore or lessa I
every month of the year. Thle seeds are
sown on the surface of the soil as socn as I
the rainy season comnunces, andl begini to I
sprout In a fortnight, being carefuilly I
wateredl, and protected from the sun by a
thatched rool. Theli followIng year the
seedlings are transplanted In a soil care-t
fally broken uip and freed from weeds5. Theli'
anuciet custom was to raise the plants In
terraces oti the hillsides, but now laniita-<
tions on the level giond are resorted to,al
though Indlians aver that plants raised un
the fortmer conditions yield a much supe- I
rior quality of leaf. At the end of eIghteen<
imonthg the first harvest Is readly, atid the
picking of the JAeaves, performed by women 4
and children, is very carefully proceeded
with, so as not, to injure the younig and still I
tender shoots. As soon as one crop of
l6aves Is removed, if well watered, and the
round carefully weeded, itiother crop 1
ready in about forty days. A plant con
iinues to yield for about forty years, and
Dr. Poeppig gives the prolit of a coca plan
ation as about 45 per cent. Etch lpicker
,arries a piece of cloth,ln which the leaves,
Alucked one by one, are placed. These
eaves ate then taken to the drying yard,
'ormed of slite flags. Iere the leaves are
tpread out in thin layers,aird carefully dried
i the sun. Too much exposure to the sun
poils the flavor of the leaf, and if heaped
oo much together, the leaves ferment and
Jecone fetid. As soon as dried, the leaves
tre packed in bugs made of banana leaves,
vitl an ouit!ide coverhig of clothor packed
ightly in large parcels of about 50 lb
mch.
In the Sandia district of Caravaya; two
iarieties of coca are recognized, the Ypara
mtd liatun Yunca, the latter having a lar
rer leaf than the former.
in Boliva, coca Is treated as a
rovermnient monopoly, and the right is
,enerally farmed out. In 1850, coca
rought into that country's exchequer a
umn of $200,000. The whole yield of coca
n South America is estimated at thirty
nillions of )ounds. Coca soon deteriorates
n keeping, Indians treat it as valueless if
Lept longer than seven months.
Such is the faith in coca, that It is be
ieve(I if a dying man can but taste a coca
caf when placed on his tongue, his future
)>iss is assured. No Indian is without his
-uspa or coca bag made of llama cloth,
atd three tines a day, sitting down, le
akes leaf by leaf and rolls them up in his
nouth till he forms a ball. Then applying
small quantity of powder consisting of
arbonate of potash, made by burning the
talks of the quinoa plant, mixed with
ine and water lie goes on his Wiay rejoic
rig. The use of coca is widely spread. rhe
ihepherd on the col .op of t', Andes
ins but this and a little maize as his sole
iorsisment, and the runni r messenger
ooks to it as his solace and suppoi t. As to
he properties of coca, it seems very evi
lent that it allows of a greater aiount of
atigue, with a lesser amouit of nourish
nent, and prevents diftleiulty of respiration
n ascending steep inotitan slopes. it
ins an agreeable and aromatic taste,aecom
>anied by a slight irritation, which excites
he flow of saliva. When ilade into a ten,
n taste It is like that of green tel, and ef
ectually prevents drowsiness. Applie(l ex
ernally as a poultice, it moderates rheu
natic pains, brought on by expisure to
.old and wet, and also'cures hadache.
Mr. Markman chewed coca leaf very
requently,aund states that he found it to
roduce an agreeable soothing feeling, that
e could endure longer abstinence from
cod with less inconvenience, and that
fhen using it, lie could ascend precipitous
iountain sides with a feeling of lightness
ud elasticity, and without losing breath.
[e also considers it the leas!, injurous of
I other like substances, even when taken
I excess, and at the same time, the most
iothiug and invigorating.
Traveltnsr lu Olden Times.
A careful inspection of the vehicles of
inmer times leads us tb the conclusion
iat our forefathers were lined with zine
ad copper-fastened-for nothing short of
could have withstood t,&, Joltings and
irrings, the bouncings and bampings en
uiled upon those who used any other
iethod of locomotion except that which
ature provides. The chariot in which
leneral and Mrs. Washington went to
'hiladelphia upon his election to the Presi
lency was no doubt an instrument
f torture. To the discomforts of this
inbling old carriage may bu added, for
ie General, the incessant wagging of Mrs.
Vashington's tongue, for it isia well-known
Let, that Martha was of a shrewish'nature,
ad1( made no bones of giving the General
er views in a very forcible manner. TIhe
iethod of traveling which they pursued
ave p~ublicity to the fact that the General
ad a curtain lecture every night for a
night, cap. In tihe couirseof their jour
ey they arranged to spend the nights at
ie houses of the gentry sentteredi along
etween Mount Verno n and luladelphLa
1(d Martha was often hieardl to nag her
irci andic master unttil a1 loud snore ani
Ountcedl that the General wvas safe in the
.ini of drecams from all worldly annoy.
aces.
The chariot was Ithe ne'knowledgedl mark
aristociacy. A jouirney in these day13s
itailed a retimue, somewhat alter tihe fol
awing order:
1. -Marster and Muissis in a carriage.
2. Marster's "bay" on horschiack, with
led horse for' Marster to ride when he
'ished to stretch his legs.
3. A wvagon containing two hair trunks
nd( Missis's mlaid.
Th'le raic of progression was about four
iiles ani hour.
TPhe habit of carrying Servants even on
eighborly visits, obtained In Virginia and
Iarylaund unitil tihe abolition of slavery. A
rmi of' entertaining, called "'spending the
ay,'' wvas in fashion. This consisted In
ning to a friend's house early In the morn
ig, and staying until late in the evening,
otisuninag the interval in a succession of
icals. Jiesides the visitors, the coachman
nd( hiorscs, thlere was usually a "' maiid.''
mihd sat on the rack behind tlie carriage,
wmlginga her legs in ecstatic delight at the
rospect of "going abroad."
Chaises were the only two-seated vehicles
a use, and1( were somecthing like a modern
op huiggy, except that it had bitt two
vheels. Consequently, going up hill, the
edcupanits were being spilled out, behind,
nd( going do~wn lill they were spilled outl
efoi e.
A Matwr of History.
In the year 1785, the State of Franklin
vaus formed (Jit of a portion of North Caro
Ina, embilracinig the tpresent territory of the
4tate of TVenniesseu, and the Legislature of
lie aforesaid state of Franklin passedl the
cIlowinig fee and salary bill1: is 10xcei
eney the Governor, per anum, 1,000 deer
kins; Hils Hlonor the Chief .Justlce, 500
leer skins ; the Secretary to HIs hi0xcellency
lie Governor, 500) raccoon skins; the
['reasuurer of the State, 450f raccoon skinus;
ach county clerk, 300 heaver skins; Clerk<
f the House of Commions, 200 raccoon
kins; member of the Assemibly, 'per (lienm,
bree raccoon skmns; justices' fce for sign.
ng a warrant, one muskrat skin ; to the
onstabl~e for serving a warrant, one mink
kint. .Enacted Into a law thme 28th clay of
)ctober, 1789, under the great seal of the
Itate. This scebms to be 'a ' mattel of
tistorical truth, just as tofacco was once
ade to answer the purpose of ec~rrertcy in
(irginia.
The Dirmiion of Siedo.
In a very large number of cases the dif
fusion of seeds is effected by anuiuals. To
this class belong the fruits and berries. In
them al outer fleslhy portion beconIes pul py,
and generally sweet, inclosing the seeds.
It is remarkable that such fruits, In order,
doubtless to attract animals, are, like flow
ers, brightly colored--as, for instance, the
cherry, currant, apple, peitch, plum, straw
berry, raspberry and many others. This
color, moreover, is not present in the in
ripe fruit, but is rapidly developed at
maturity. In such cases the actual seed is
generally protected by a dense, sometimes
almost stony, covering, so that it escapes
digestion, while its germination is perhaps
hastened by the heat of the anmual's body.
It may be said that the skin < f apple and
pear pips is comparatively soft; but then
they are imbedded in a stringy core, wInch
is seldom eaten. These colored fruits form
it considerable part of the food of monkeys
in the tropical regions of the earth, and we
can I think, hardly doubt hat these aii
mals are guided by the colors, just as we
%re, In selecting the ripo fruit. This has a
curious bearing on an interesting question
is to the power of distinguishing color
possessed by our ancestors in bygone times.
Magnus and Gieiger, relying on the well
known fact that the ancient languages are
poor in words for color, and that in the
Adest books-as, for instance, In the Vedits,
the lHendavesta,' the Old Testament, and
,he writings of Iloner or Ilesiod--though
)f course, the heavens are referred to over
Imd over again, its blue color is never
Iwelt on, have argued that tei ancients
were very deficient in the power of distin
puiehing colors, and especially blue. III
yur own eauntry Mr. Gladstone his lent
.he weight of his great authority to the
amie conclusion. For my part I can not
tecept this view. There ire it seems to
me,-ve!y strong reasons against it, into
wiinh I can not, of com se, now enter;
md though I should . ely mainly on other
aonsiderations, the colors of iritits are not,
I think, without signifleance. If mnk'y'
Ind apes could distiiiguislh theI, surely
we may infer that even the most savage of
men could do so too. Zeuxis would never
liave deceived the birds it lie had not hid a
rair perception of color. In these instances
>f colored fruits the fleshy edible part
nore or less surrounds the true seeds; in
>thers the actuid seeds themselves become
-dibie. In the former the edible part
ierves as a temptation to animals; in the
latter it is stored up for the use of the
piauts itself. When, therefore, the seeds
hemselves are edible. they are generally
)rotected by more or less hard or bitter en
velopes, for instance the horse-chesinut,
icecli, Spanish chestnut, walnut, &c. That
hese seeds are used for food by squirrels
lad other aninals is, howevei, by no means
lecessarily an evil to the plant, for the re
mit is that they are often carried some
listance and then dropped, or stored up
ind forgotten, so that in this way they get
,arried away from the parent tree.
nunions or 1noul1.
"Is It against the laws of this city to
lave corns oi your feet?" inquired Theo
lore Riembo ashe found himself before the
mr of justice, in Detroit.
"No, sir, nor on the top of your bead it
you want 'em there. The city ordiianees
>f Detroit and tie laws of Alichigan are
very liberal on the subject of corns."
"Well, sir, last night I was walking
xlong one of our streets, hobbling because
ny corns hurt ne so, wlien a fiend grabbed
ne by the collar, called me a drunkard,and
Iragged mie to a duingeon."'
"'1ow awful mean in himd" sighed the
ourt.
"When I have corns can't I hobble if its
nore convelllnt, thani walking?"
"Certainly."
"Well, corn~s was what ailedl me, andl I
lemIiandl that the olcer aipologize to mec and
hat I be set at liberty."
"Le~t us listen to the ollcer's story first.
lo aihead Mr. Bluecoat."
"This mani," biegan the oflicer, "bumiiipedl
ugainst, at, least a dbozen pedestrianis, fell
igainst a wind(ow andut broke it, and was
ying dhown on the cari track when I gaith
ared him in. lie smelled so bad of whiskey
vhen I brought hun in that, we had to bnrn
~olfre in tihe room."
"'Wel "' queried the court as lhe turnled
0 the prisoner.
"'I say it was corns."
"Ho1w nmany have you got?"'
'"Show 'em up. I hiaveii't seen a real
ld- fashioned corn in ablout eighteen years.'
"D~o you think I'm going to pull my
loots of! before the crowdty I guess I've
aot a little miodeuty left,''
'"Then I'll take care of it for you.
hall exile you for t hirt~y days."'
''For what?"
'"Corns and modesty, alias drunk sind
lisorderhy. That's nil, iiy man,. and niow
Ilease fall back and give sonme of the other
mungry mortals a chance to say they have
mumnions or bo0ls."'
Do, Vnr Wourk Well.
D~aniel Webster gives an account of au
letty insurance case that was brought to hima
when a young lawyer ini Portsmiouthi. Omnly
Ssall amount was involved anid a twenty
lhalar fee was all thatL was proiinised. Hie
saw that, to dho his clients fuill justice, a
journey to Bloston, to consult the Law
Library, would be dlesirable. ie would
lbe out, of pocket by such an expedition,
and( for his tine lie would receive no adc0.
(late compensation. A fter a little hesita
thin, ho dleterimined to do his very best,,
cost wvhiat it mighi. ie accordingly went
to Blostoin, looked up the authorities, and
gained~ the case. Years after this, Webster,
then famous, wvas passing through Now
York. An impjortanti isuiranco case was
to be tried the (lay after his arival, and
oneo of the counsel hand been suddenly takeni
ill. Money wias nio object, and Webster
was begged to'iinm his teriis and1( conduct
the case. "I1 told them," raid Mr. Web
ster, "'that it was preposterous to expect
nmc to prepare a legal argument iat at few
hours' notice. TIhiey insisted, however,
that I shiould -look at the papers; and this,
after some demur, I consenited to do. Well,
it was my old twenty-dtollar case over
agaIn, amid, its I never forget anyting, I
hiadn all the authorities at my fingers' ends.
The Court knew that 1 had no time to pre
pare, and were astonished at the range oi
my requihremelnts. So, you see, I was
hiandsomiely paId both In fame and nmenoy
for that journey to Boston; anid the moral
Is that good work is rewvardcd In the end,
though, to be sure, one's self-approval
should be nonogh.
A Mystilal Plant.
innuan canuing and human credulity
have dowered with mystery certain plants
which are worthy of being consIdered the
most beautiful and passive of creative ob.
jects. One plant, at least, has been salu
to utter shrieks in being torn from tihe
earth, and to have avenged the violence by
causing the death of hini who removed it.
This plant was the niandragora of the
poets--the mandrake of Scriptures-a
species of the 8al1anue or nightshade tribe,
the belief in whose qualities as a sedative
or a charm was as old as the days of the
childless Itachel. Indigenous t3 tihe East,
where probably Its uses is an anodyne and
soportile were early known to the initiated,
it may be that, in order to enhance the
wonder of its etrects and prevent the ex
tirpation of the root by its too comion
use, niraculous powers were imputed to
it, and superstition hedged it around with
fabled terrors. The evil reptitatlton of the
plant precmiied it subsequently the naine of
A tropa Xandrutra , by which our old
est botamusts distinguish it-a naie bor
rowed from the inost terrible of the Fates,
Atropos, and sinice trainsforred to its rela
tive, A f-topa Jhiladlona (d wale, or
"deadly nightshade"). So potent and
valuable were the nedical tises of the root,
at a time when few atiodyes were known
that the ancient, oiatins inade it the sub.
Ject of a weird ritual, without N hich they
would have deemed it inpious to have
taken it front the earth. The operator
stood with his back to the wid, drew
three circles round the root with a point
of a sword, poured a libation on the ground,
and, turning to the west, began to dig it
up. The root of the mandrake, a plant
with a tap root, freqticitly forked, as we
see that of the radish, and covered with
librous rootlets, was easily conveitible into
a grotesque likeness of the huinian form.
In the timiie of I lenry ViII and E'lzabeth.
little images made of mandrake roots,
called (brunes were imported iii large
-rutumb-. froni Gerimany, and found a ready
sale in Englitcd. T'he fable of tle won
drouts powers of them.vVgetable idols was
easily accepted boy our supth"itiouts ainees.
tors, and the peddlers who travu!,.d about
from place to place with cases of IkemI
drove a brisk trade. Sir Francis BacOLk
had them in his inind's eye wlien we wrote,
"Some platits there are, but rare, that have
a mossy or downy root, and likewise that
have a number of thread-like beards, as
the mandrake, whereof 'witches and ihm
postors make an ugly image, giving it the
torni of a face at tod of the root, leaving
those si ritigs to make a broad heard to the
loot. It is to the credit of thle old herba
lists, Gerard and Turner, that they both
essayed, without, fear of consequenices, to
dig up itand examine for theiiselves the
dlic'aded inaudrake,and lost no time In pub
lishBig the fallacy of the weird stories told
of it.
Uielor (Ie Snow.
The remarkable case of Elizabeth Wood.
cock, who was buried under the snow, is
especially striking. In the winter of 1799
she was returnin: on horseback trom Cain
bridge (England) to her home i a ineigh
boring village, and having dismounted for
a few minutes the horse ran away froni
her. At 7 o'clock on a winter evening she
slt down under it thicket, cold, tired and
disheartened. Snow caine on; she was too
weak to rise, and the consequence was
that, by the mnormnig the snow had heaped
around he- to a heighit of two feet a)ove
her head as site sat. She had strength
enough to thrust a twig, with ther handker
chief at the top of it, through the snow,
to serve is a signal and to admit, a little
daylight. Torpor sipervenee. and she
knew little more of what passed around
hier. N iglt succeeded day, and day again
broke, but t~here she remainted, motionless
and foodless. Not senseless, however, f or
she could hear church bellIs and vil lage
sounids-niay, even thle voice mand conver
siat in of sonie of her neighbors. Fioumr
whole days she thus remained-one single
pinch of snulf being her only substitte for
food dhurmtg t his time, and this evenm shte
found had lost its ptungency. On thme fifth
(liy a thaw commenced, and she suiffered
cr eally, but still without, being able to ex
tricate herself. It was not until the eighlth
day that thme handkerchhef was espied by a
villager, who with many others, had long
becen seckinig for her. Stooping dlowni lie
said:
"Ate you there, Elizabeth Woodcock ?"
She had strength enough to reply, finlt
"Deacir John Stittle, I know your voice.
F~or God's Salke help ime out."
She (lied mabout half a year afterward,
I hrouigh miismanagemnent' of frost-bitteni
toes; butt It wams f ully udmitted thilt no onme,
unless cased in snow, could have lived ot
of those eight (lays and nights in such a
tlace withountt food.
Chanuging Tiheir 11ano.
'rhe legend runs that the fine Norman
Churchmof Godshlill, in the Isle of Wight,
was to have been built in the valley, but
the builders every mnotning found the prc
vlous (lay's work, had been dhestroyed dut
ring the night and thle stones carrIed to tihe
top) of the hili. Considering this as a Di
vine indication where the holy structmie
was to be btuill, they accordinigly rearedl it
on that prominent site, whmeao for
miles round it still forms a graceful amnd
bieautifuil object. A simniliar legond is re
lated withl reference to the Chuirch of Ste.
Marie du Castel, in Gluersney, where It is
currently reortedi that fairies whlere thme
agents, while others assert it wits thie work of
angels. Indeed It wvotmld appearfl that in (lays
gonie by the invisible beings, of whmateve-r
nature they were who, accordhing to tradi
tion, so often interfered in the building of
so)mei sacred edifice, genterally selected for
its s'tc the most inconventient spot, and1( not
infrequently a steep hill. fTe Church of
Breedom in Leicestershmire, for instance,
Atandisl on a high hill, wIth thme vllage as
its foot. Trailtion, however, says that
whmen the site of the church was first fixed
upon, a central spot in the village was
chosen. Th'ie fotundations were. not only
dug, but the bumlders coimnencedl the fa-'
brie. lt wvas to nto puirpose; for all they
built in time course of the (liy was carried
atway by (loves dutring tao ntight-thne, and
skillllhy bue't exactly In the same imnner
on the hill whore thie chutrch stands. Both
foaunder and workmn, awed and terrified
by tis extraordiary procedure, were
afraId te build the church on its origInal
site, amnd agreed to finish thle one begun by
the doves. -
Tito Flower Tratte.
A prominent florist estimates that three
hundred wagon loads of flowering plant&
are brought to New York during the period
of the Spring trade, and that as much as
$2,000,000 is spent every spring in New
York and Brooklyn for plants and flowers.
l'he flowers come from all around New
York. In New Jersey. Staten Island,
Long Island, and the adjoining counties of
this State are vast flower and plant farms,
each of which represents a fortune to its
owner. Over in Astoria one floriculturist
las over two acres of ground under glass,
and there are several others like him and
many less extensive, but still very large
growers. These raiseis have each their
special varietica and graftings and plants,
and in addition to thier New York trade,
ship all over the country. 8an Francisco,
Montreal, and Savannah are profitable
markets to them, and in every town and
city of the United States they have cus
tomers. In addition to these extensive
culturists, who raise the rarest and costliest
exotic plants. as well as the commonplace
market flowers, there are many smaller
Dues, who raise flowers for the spring trade
and winter supply of the bouquet-makers
almost exclusively. In addition to the big
llower and plant farms at Flatbush, Astoria,
Union Hill and Orange, there are many
ttuor ones scattered all over the suburbs,
ind even in the city itself, One popular
me is in Fourteenth street near Third ave
me, and another occupies the corner of
Hiouston and Hudson streets. Within a
radius of thirty miles from the City Hall,
hero is at least $10,000,000 invested In
the bush 03s. To enumerate the varieties
Af plants and flowers sold in the spring
rade this year wvould require a census of
the globe in that line. The gardeners are
olonstantly adding foreign varieties to their
Itocks, and the gar(iens of India, China,
1(d the Baudwich Islands contribute to the
tore New Yorkers select from. The
envielst sales are, of course, in the cheaper
vanileties of plants. The familiar roses,
retrainiims, fuschias, heliotropes, pansies,
litisies, hydrangeas, laburmns, verbenas,
)etunias. violets, carnations and nignon
-ttes are sold by the hundreds of thousands.
lvies, passion flowers, and other vines have
in inmense sale too. Ferns, native and
tropleal; strange grasses from the sun
suiitten natural gardens of South America,
indo.rchids from the mysterious forests of
Lhe Eltnqtor swell the list. The catalogues
the flow '; men publish would put those of
m-m.Illy a libhrfvy to shame, for size at least.
A dealer said jgt the largest profit is made
oil cheap plants, tli-itumber of them sold
is so great. The lieavij-. wains are made
by the owners of city greenOUses, wl.
raise filne plants, and are able to 3ell tr
without the intervention of middihU.lZ
The trade in flower and vegetable seeu.
at this season almost rivals that In plants
and flowers The flower seeds are largely
imported from France and Germany, a
few cominig from England and Holland.
The vegetable seeds, on the contrary, are
grown in the New Englanof States, Now
York, Canada, alid other sections of the
continent, and are exported so as to almost
ba!ance the imports of flower seeds. Ameri
ean vegetable seeds are much better than
those grown in Europe and produce better
results. They tire popular abroad iii con
sequence.
I II
AL Royni n dlliira.
The marriage of Crown Prince Rudolph
of Austria and Princess Stcphanjof Bei
gium was most imposingly solen -at
the church of St. Augustine, in V1 on
hMay the 10th. An hour before t e begin
ing of the ceremony the churich was
dlensely crowded by a brilliant assembly.
T'hle streets were filled with people. At 11
,elock the procession started from the
palace and proceeded to the church, the
irchdukes and forei gi princes. in 'ull unt
formi walkmng in i ollowed by Prince
iladl ~phl in the ml!rmn of a major-general.
i'mtperor Francl3oseph came next having
>nl his right the Kig of the Belgians, both
being ill generals' unilformns. Then came
the brmide with the Emlpress of Austria and
the Queen of the Belgians on either hand.
Thei trainls of the three ladies were borne
by the p~ri ncipal ladies in waiting. Pri
sess Stephanme wore a magniicent robe of
alothi of silver, with a train elaborate in
embroidcry, orange blossoms arranged Inl
unches looping up the dress, and a veil of
B~russels lae specially made for the occa
sion. 1Her mother, the queen, wore a blue
velvet dIress, trinuned with lace, and the
empl~ress wore ai pale gray dress, trimmed
with Brussels point lace. The trains of
the foreign princesses and archduchesses
were borne by pages and ladlies of tihe pal
Ice. Another grou~p of olllcers completed
tile procession. A fanfare of trumlpets sig
naled tile arrival of the cortege at the
hlulrch dfoor, where it was received by Car
lnal Von Schwarzenburg at the head of
his clergy. TIheir majesties took seats
lidler a can1opy over the throne. The'*
bridal pair p~roceedied to their places before
thie sanctuatry rails, where they offered a
short prayer. After a brief address from
the cardinal the marriage ceremony was
proceeded with. At the moment when the
rings were exchlanged, peals broke forth
froml tile bells of the city, and salvos of
Irtillery wecre fired. At the conclusion of
the ceremony a Te Deumn was sng, after
which the Ilofburg choir executed an old
Llermtan march. 'Thle newly married pair
accomp~anied by the other imperial and
royal personages then returned to the city
palace of ilof burg, In comnmemlorationl of
the marriage Emperor Francis Joseph has
rouinded 22 scholarships at various secols
ind has given 100,000 florins for the free
udmilslon of ten pupils to the establishment
ror the eduication of daughters of ofmeers.
lie hlas also granlted complete or partial
unlnesty to 331 persons imprisoned for va
Fiouts ollences.
One 01 the great mtineral wonders of
Alexico, anid perhbaps of the world, Is the
romn mountliain, iln the immnediate vie~nity
>f fhirango, i tihe state of D~urango. The
[roni mounltauin is nearly two miles in lengtlh
md1( one mile wide, and about 700 feet
ugh. Above the surface, uncovered and
ii sight, it shows ab~out 200,000,000 tons
>f pure ore, ready to be shoveled oi- rolled,
without any cost of mining, into the fur
iaices erectedl at its base. Much of this
nre ranges from 70 to 110 per cent., and
toir.e is carried directly to tile forge. 16
works very kindly, and easily assumes the
[orm of steel. There is every reason to
beliove ores of such rare superiority,' when
tubject to all our tnodern imsprotopients ini
ron making, ,W1~rodluce iron dn steel
insurpassed ai4J n the world, either
*n Swveden, or B~WnSpaim, or Englatid
nr the United States.